Compilation: Indian Security Missiles, Ranges and Other details

Notebook: Security and Defence Created: 2/18/2017 6:35 PM Updated: 4/27/2018 4:08 AM Author: Siya Rasik Tags: PRE_SCIENCE URL: http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/navy-test-fires-maiden-land-attack-brahmos-missile/article18187…

Introduction

India world largest arms importer Self reliant defense manufacturing initiative: IDDM (Indigenously Designed and Developed and Manufactured Equipment)

2018

About QRSAM - Quick Reaction Surface to Air Missile (QRSAM)

The missile is indigenously developed by DRDO.

It has the capability to engage multiple targets.

The missile has a strike range of 25 km to 30 km.

Designed to be a quick reaction missile, it involves an all-weather weapon system capable of tracking and firing.

MUNTRA - 's first unmanned Tank

The Astra is an active homing beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile (BVRAAM) developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) in collaboration with Indian Air Force (IAF). Astra is designed to be capable of engaging targets at varying range and altitudes allowing for engagement of both short-range targets (up to 20 km) and long-range targets (up to 80–110 km) using alternative propulsion modes. Astra uses a smokeless propulsion system.

Naval Offshore Patrol Vessels (NOPVs): Shachi and Shruti; part of a five ship project being constructed for the

The Khukri class are equipped with Diesel Engines assembled in India, under license by Kirloskar Group. Around 65% of the ship contains indigenous parts. These ships were intended to be the replacement for the Petya II corvettes. Ship under this class are INS khukri INS khanjar INS kirpan INS kuthar

INAS Baaz, the naval aviation base on Campbell Bay on the Great Nicobar island Modern P-8I surveillance aircraft at INAS Baaz The NAVY is constructing forward operating bases (FOBs) in the islands — at Diglipur, Kamorta and at Campbell Bay

INS Kiltan (P30), third Anti- Warfare (ASW) stealth corvettes built under Project 28 (Kamorta Class) was recently commissioned into the Indian Navy.

International Agreement

Wassenaar Agreement: Agreement on export controls for conventional arms and dual use of goods and Technologies India become its member in 2017

Australia Group: Stop use of chemical and biological weapon

India becomes the member of Australia Group.

INDIA'S PROCUREMENT PLAN

Saab JS 39 GRIPEN Swedish

F-16 America

Rafel France

M-777 gun USA

Ballistic and Cruise Missile difference

Ballistic Missile Cruise Missile

Launched from air and fly within Follows an arc like trajectory atmosphere Rely on Earth's gravity to fall down Having own engines and wings to once launched strike the target They have much larger range They can be supersonic or sub- Usually launched from land or Sea sonic and are highly accurate

Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme Missile Current development stage and Type Range Name Condition

Prithvi I (SS-150) – Army Short range version (150 km (93 mi) range ballistic 150 km (Prithvi I) with a payload of 1,000 kg missile (2,200 lb)) 250–350 km Prithvi II (SS-250) – Air Force Surface to Prithvi Surface (Prithvi II) version (350 km (220 mi) range missile with a payload of 500 kg (1,100 lb)) 350–600 km Single (Prithvi III) Prithvi III (SS-350) – Naval stage liquid version (350 km (220 mi) range fuel missile with a payload of 1,000 kg (2,200 lb))

Agni Medium Medium-range range ballistic missile ballistic (Agni-I) missile Intermediate- range ballistic missile (Agni-II, Agni-III, Agni-IV) 12,000 kg (Agni-I) 16,000 kg (Agni-II) 48,000 kg (Agni III) Intercontinental 22,000 kg (Agni-III latest ballistic missile version) (Agni-V, Agni VI) 17,000 kg (Agni-IV) 49,000 kg (Agni-V) 55,000 kg (Agni VI)

The missile system can target aircraft up to 30 km away, at Mobile Away: 30Km Akash Surface to altitudes up to 18,000 m or Air missile Altitude: 18Km 18Km.

It can be used as Anti Sea skimmer Sea skimming is a technique Surface to Trishul Range: 12Km many anti-ship missiles and Air missile some fighter or strike aircraft use to avoid radar and infrared detection during their approach.

Nag Anti tank Range: 500m to Fire and forget guided 4Km Land version: 500m to 4km missile (Air-launched: 7-10km) The third-generation Fire and Forget ATGM Nag is equipped with many advanced technologies including IIR Seeker with integrated avionics, a capability possessed by few nations in the world. The missile is developed to support both mechanised infantry and airborne forces of the Indian Army. The missile incorporates an advanced passive homing guidance system and possesses high single-shot kill probability. It is designed to destroy modern main battle tanks and other heavily armoured targets ATGM: Anti-tank guided missile

Two stage land attack cruise missile Nuclear capability has been tested. first nuclear capable Sub-sonic cruise missile of India cruise NIRBHAY 1000 Km 6 metre long missile of Speed: 0.6 - 0.7 mach DRDO (subsonic) flying at tree-top level it can deceive enemy Carry warheads upto 200Kg

Astra Missile Astra is an active radar homing beyond-visual-range air-to-air missile (BVRAAM). Astra is designed to be capable of engaging targets at varying range and altitudes allowing for engagement of both short-range targets (up to 20 km) and long-range targets (up to 80 km) using alternative propulsion modes.

Shaurya Missile The Shaurya missile is a short-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile developed for use by the Indian Army. Capable of hypersonic speeds, it has a range of 600 km and is capable of carrying a payload of one-tonne conventional or nuclear warhead.

NETRA India's first indigenous Arborne Early Warning and Control System (AEW&CS)

Supersonic Prithvi interceptor missile successfully test-fired

The Prithvi interceptor missile has been indigenously developed by DRDO. It is equipped with a navigation system, a hi-tech computer, inertial navigation system and an electro-mechanical activator. It can destroy the incoming hostile ballistic missile in the endo-atmospheric region (less than 30 km altitude) at a low altitude of less than 30 kms. It can be launched from own mobile launcher.

India’s double-layered ballistic missile defence (BMD) programme Two interceptor missiles, Advanced Area Defence (AAD) missile for endo- atmosphere or lower altitudes ( Ashwin) and Prithvi Defence Vehicle for exo- atmospheric ranges. India is expected to complete it by 2022 while only three country has successfully done it, Israel, and .

INS Viraat:

Oldest in the service. Planning to be commissioned off. It has served in the British navy for 25 years also.

INS Vikrant(R11):

India's first aircraft carrier Off the service

INS Vikrant (2013) is the class of indigenously built aircraft carriers which is still under construction. INS Arihant is India’s first indigenously built . INS Vikramaditya is the sole aircraft carrier at the moment in the fleet of Indian Navy.

Brahmaputra-class

The Brahmaputra-class (Type 16A or Project 16A) are guided-missile frigates of the Indian Navy, designed and built in India. They are an enhancement of the Godavari class, with a displacement of 3850 and a length of 126 metres (413 ft). Three ships of this class operate in Indian navy:

INS Brahmputra INS Betwa INS Beas

INS Betwa (F39) is a Brahmaputra-class guided-missile frigate, currently in active service with the Indian Navy.

Tezas India’s Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) together with its variants, is the smallest and lightest Multi-Role Supersonic Fighter Aircraft of its class. This single engine, Compound-Delta-Wing, Tailless Aircraft is designed and developed by ADA with HAL as the principal partner along with DRDO, CSIR, BEL, DGAQA, IAF & IN to meet diverse needs of the Indian Air Force (IAF) and Indian Navy (IN). Thus, it is indigenously developed aircraft. Going to replace mig aircraft

Barak 8

It is jointly developed by India and Israel It is also known as It is part of India’s air defence system MRSAM is the land version and LRSAM (Long Range) is the navy version. Both are the varients of Barak 8.

INS VIKRAMADITYA: INDIA'S SOLE AIRCRAFT CARRIER The second carrier, Vikrant, should be sailing in 2019.

Dhruv, the indigenously developed advanced light helicopter (ALH).

BrahMos missile Range: 450Km upgraded to 600Km

Fastest supersonic cruise missile in the world Short-range ramjet supersonic cruise missile that can be launched from submarine, ships, aircraft or land. BRAHMOS is a two-stage missile with a solid propellant booster engine as its first stage which brings it to supersonic speed and then gets separated. The liquid ramjet or the second stage then takes the missile closer to 3 Mach speed in cruise phase. It is a joint venture of Russia and India's DRDO. It is based on the Russian P-800 Oniks cruise missile (Russia). BrahMos is a portmanteau formed from the names of two rivers, the Brahmaputra of India and the Moskva of Russia. It is the world's fastest anti-ship cruise missile in operation The missile travels at speeds of Mach 2.8 to 3.0 More to come as India has joined the 34 nation group MTCR which removed the cap on missile range.

MTCR basically prevents the proliferation of missiles and UAVs (unmanned aerial vehicles) over the range of 300-km. Land Attack Variant Of Brahmos from Test fired by Navy Ship

Surface to Surface Test fired in 2001

Submarine-launched variant Test fired successfully in 2013

The successful test launch of Brahmos supersonic cruise missile from a Sukhoi Su- 30 MKI completed India’s supersonic cruise missile triad and set a world record making India the first country to have the capability to have such a multi-platform weapon.

Spyder (Surface-to-air PYthon and DERby) is an acquired missile system from Israel which is a short-range, quick reaction surface-to-air missile to neutralise enemy targets up to a distance of 15 km and at heights between 20-and-9,000 metres, the official added.

India's Ballistic Missile Defence system

The Indian Ballistic Missile Defence Programme, an initiative to develop and deploy a multi-layered ballistic missile defence system, is a two-tiered system consisting of two interceptor missiles, namely Prithvi Air Defence (PAD) missile for high altitude interception, and the Advanced Air Defence (AAD) missile for lower altitude interception. The two-tiered shield will be able to intercept any incoming missile launched 5,000 km away.

The Ballistic Missile Defence programme aims to provide an effective missile shield against incoming enemy ballistic and nuclear missiles.

A hostile missile needs to be intercepted at boost (launch) point, mid-course (flight through space), or terminal phase (during atmospheric descent).

Components •Prithvi Defence Vehicle: It is capable of killing an incoming missile with a strike range of around 2,000 km outside the earth’s atmosphere. It will replace the existing Prithvi Air Defense (PAD) which has a maximum interception altitude of 80 kilometers. The advantage of intercepting an incoming missile at such a high altitude is that the debris would not fall on the ground and there would be no collateral damage. •Advanced Air Defence: The endo-atmospheric missile, capable of intercepting incoming targets at an altitude of 15 to 25 kms successfully destroyed the incoming missile.

Why need arises?

India’s own indigenous missile defence shield originates from its threat perception from China and Pakistan. Pakistan, with its various short- and medium-range missiles, has the capability to hit major targets in India; and China, with its huge arsenal of solid-fuelled missiles, is the most potent threat to India. The Chinese upper hand in force level and its intermediate range ballistic missiles (IRBM) and medium-range ballistic missiles (MRBM) that can reach India’s farthest corners increases India’s anxiety.1 Despite the indigenous development of systems such as Akash and Trishul, and the planned acquisition of foreign air defence and limited-range theatre defence systems, it is clear that these systems would not be adequate to address all conceivable threats. As a result, the requirement for comparatively longer range interception technologies to tackle a large gamut of faster missiles in the neighborhood pushed India’s search for systems beyond the realm of indigenous programmes and friendly imports.

Recent initiative

India achieved a significant milestone in the direction of developing a two- layered Ballistic Missile Defence system by successfully test firing an interceptor missile designed to intercept and destroy hostile ballistic missiles in space. This further enhances India's capability of dealing with a nuclear attack threat.

Practice question:

1)Which of the following statements is incorrect related to Advanced Air Defense Missile? a)It provides exo-atmosphermic defense system. b)It is a solid fuel rocket system, capable of Mach 4.5 supersonic flight. c)The system capable of surface-to-air strikes against aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles. d)It is similar to Russian-made S-400 Triumph anti-ballistic missile system.

Ans: a Exp: The AAD is part of the first phase of India’s Ballistic Missile Defense (BMD) initiative, along with the Prithvi Air Defense (PAD) missile. The Prithvi provides exoatmosphermic defense while the AAD is optimized for endoatmospheric performance. The AAD has been undergoing trials since 2007 and may ultimately serve as a project demonstrator. A full-scale BMD system in India will incorporate technology from both the PAD and AAD systems. The AAD interceptor is a 7.5 meter single-stage, solid fuel rocket, capable of Mach 4.5 supersonic flight. The AAD has an operational range between 150-200 kilometers and uses an inertial navigational aid system with active radar homing.

As a short-range, ground-launched system capable of surface-to-air strikes against aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles, the AAD will see some overlap with the more advanced Russian-made S-400 Triumph anti-ballistic missile system.