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The Many Shades of Anonymity: Characterizing Anonymous Social Media Content
Proceedings of the Ninth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media The Many Shades of Anonymity: Characterizing Anonymous Social Media Content Denzil Correay, Leandro Araújo Silvaz, Mainack Mondaly, Fabrício Benevenutoz, Krishna P. Gummadiy y Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Germany z Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil Abstract While anonymous online forums have been in existence since the early days of the Internet, in the past, such forums Recently, there has been a significant increase in the popu- larity of anonymous social media sites like Whisper and Se- were often devoted to certain sensitive topics or issues. In cret. Unlike traditional social media sites like Facebook and addition, its user population was relatively small and limited Twitter, posts on anonymous social media sites are not as- to technically sophisticated users with specific concerns or sociated with well-defined user identities or profiles. In this requirements to be anonymous. On the other hand, anony- study, our goals are two-fold: (i) to understand the nature mous social media sites like Whisper1 and Secret2 provide a (sensitivity, types) of content posted on anonymous social generic and easy-to-use platform for lay users to post their media sites and (ii) to investigate the differences between thoughts in relative anonymity. Thus, the advent and rapidly content posted on anonymous and non-anonymous social me- growing adoption of these sites provide us with an oppor- dia sites like Twitter. To this end, we gather and analyze ex- tunity for the first time to investigate how large user popu- tensive content traces from Whisper (anonymous) and Twitter lations make use of an anonymous public platform to post (non-anonymous) social media sites. -
Social Construction of Privacy: Reddit Case Study
Social Construction of Privacy: Reddit Case Study December 13, 2020 A Thesis Prospectus Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Engineering and Applied Science University of Virginia ² Charlottesville, Virginia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree Bachelor of Science, School of Engineering Rajiv Sarvepalli 1 1 INTRODUCTION In the technological age of today, privacy becomes a more and more valuable commod- ity. With so many companies that live off the idea that information is money, it becomes increasingly concerning the amount of an individual’s information that is public. It is public in every sense of the word, not just to a group of people, but to the whole world. Consider the constant data scandals that plague our technological world. Whether it is Facebook, Google, or governments, someone is always getting caught selling, collecting, or losing data that many consider infringes on their privacy. Therefore, as stewards of these technologies, we must develop preemptive ways of protecting the privacy of the individual in an information-based world focused on the collective. The heterogeneous nature of society, especially with respect to privacy, makes the perspective vary greatly from person to person. This study shall focus on Reddit, an anonymous social media since individuals within anonymous social media communities tend to view anonymity as some form of privacy and therefore tend to care about in some manner about privacy. In order to understand the perspective and definitions of privacy, privacy needs to be analyzed in the context of a society. The conundrum of our information society is the constant complaints of lack of privacy, yet no privacy-invasive companies change their conduct. -
How Bad Can It Git? Characterizing Secret Leakage in Public Github Repositories
How Bad Can It Git? Characterizing Secret Leakage in Public GitHub Repositories Michael Meli Matthew R. McNiece Bradley Reaves North Carolina State University North Carolina State University North Carolina State University [email protected] Cisco Systems, Inc. [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—GitHub and similar platforms have made public leaked in this way have been exploited before [4], [8], [21], [25], collaborative development of software commonplace. However, a [41], [46]. While this problem is known, it remains unknown to problem arises when this public code must manage authentication what extent secrets are leaked and how attackers can efficiently secrets, such as API keys or cryptographic secrets. These secrets and effectively extract these secrets. must be kept private for security, yet common development practices like adding these secrets to code make accidental leakage In this paper, we present the first comprehensive, longi- frequent. In this paper, we present the first large-scale and tudinal analysis of secret leakage on GitHub. We build and longitudinal analysis of secret leakage on GitHub. We examine evaluate two different approaches for mining secrets: one is able billions of files collected using two complementary approaches: a to discover 99% of newly committed files containing secrets in nearly six-month scan of real-time public GitHub commits and a public snapshot covering 13% of open-source repositories. We real time, while the other leverages a large snapshot covering focus on private key files and 11 high-impact platforms with 13% of all public repositories, some dating to GitHub’s creation. distinctive API key formats. This focus allows us to develop We examine millions of repositories and billions of files to conservative detection techniques that we manually and automat- recover hundreds of thousands of secrets targeting 11 different ically evaluate to ensure accurate results. -
Characterizing Anonymous Social Media Content
The Many Shades of Anonymity: Characterizing Anonymous Social Media Content Denzil Correa†, Leandro Araújo Silva‡, Mainack Mondal†, Fabrício Benevenuto‡, Krishna P. Gummadi† † Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Germany ‡ Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil Abstract While anonymous online forums have been in existence since the early days of the Internet, in the past, such forums Recently, there has been a significant increase in the popu- larity of anonymous social media sites like Whisper and Se- were often devoted to certain sensitive topics or issues. In cret. Unlike traditional social media sites like Facebook and addition, its user population was relatively small and limited Twitter, posts on anonymous social media sites are not as- to technically sophisticated users with specific concerns or sociated with well-defined user identities or profiles. In this requirements to be anonymous. On the other hand, anony- study, our goals are two-fold: (i) to understand the nature mous social media sites like Whisper1 and Secret2 provide a (sensitivity, types) of content posted on anonymous social generic and easy-to-use platform for lay users to post their media sites and (ii) to investigate the differences between thoughts in relative anonymity. Thus, the advent and rapidly content posted on anonymous and non-anonymous social me- growing adoption of these sites provide us with an oppor- dia sites like Twitter. To this end, we gather and analyze ex- tunity for the first time to investigate how large user popu- tensive content traces from Whisper (anonymous) and Twitter lations make use of an anonymous public platform to post (non-anonymous) social media sites. -
Of Facebook in Myanmar: a Case for Corporate Criminal Liability
The “Weaponization” of Facebook in Myanmar: A Case for Corporate Criminal Liability † NERIAH YUE The advent of social media platforms in the mid-2000s increased global communication and encouraged innovative activism by ushering new, effective ways to organize and protest. News agencies have recently reported the misuse of these platforms by individual actors and authoritarian regimes. Autocrats, in particular, twist social media platforms into weapons to silence dissent and spread hate speech. The latter category, hate speech, has contributed to some of the gravest human rights abuses globally. The increased spotlight on the weaponization of social media has motivated scholars, states, and companies to revisit the theory of corporate responsibility. This Note unpacks the potential criminal liability of social media companies for misuse on their platforms that result in grave human rights violations. Specifically, it explores Facebook’s corporate criminal liability in light of authoritarian regimes’ misuse of its platform to incite crimes against humanity. This Note will not cover jurisdictional issues regarding corporate criminal liability. Rather, it identifies on a theoretical level, which crimes, if any, social media corporations could be held accountable for under international criminal law. While there remain significant obstacles to prosecuting such cases, this Note identifies an accountability gap between Facebook’s actions and victims of human rights abuses that occur from its platform. Ultimately, this Note concludes that corporate criminal liability is an effective form of ensuring that social media companies remain responsible in doing their part to uphold human rights. † J.D. Candidate 2020, University of California, Hastings College of the Law; Executive Managing Editor, Hastings Law Journal. -
The Many Shades of Anonymity: Characterizing Anonymous Social Media Content
The Many Shades of Anonymity: Characterizing Anonymous Social Media Content Denzil Correay, Leandro Araújo Silvaz, Mainack Mondaly, Fabrício Benevenutoz, Krishna P. Gummadiy y Max Planck Institute for Software Systems (MPI-SWS), Germany z Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Brazil Abstract While anonymous online forums have been in existence since the early days of the Internet, in the past, such forums Recently, there has been a significant increase in the popu- larity of anonymous social media sites like Whisper and Se- were often devoted to certain sensitive topics or issues. In cret. Unlike traditional social media sites like Facebook and addition, its user population was relatively small and limited Twitter, posts on anonymous social media sites are not as- to technically sophisticated users with specific concerns or sociated with well-defined user identities or profiles. In this requirements to be anonymous. On the other hand, anony- study, our goals are two-fold: (i) to understand the nature mous social media sites like Whisper1 and Secret2 provide a (sensitivity, types) of content posted on anonymous social generic and easy-to-use platform for lay users to post their media sites and (ii) to investigate the differences between thoughts in relative anonymity. Thus, the advent and rapidly content posted on anonymous and non-anonymous social me- growing adoption of these sites provide us with an oppor- dia sites like Twitter. To this end, we gather and analyze ex- tunity for the first time to investigate how large user popu- tensive content traces from Whisper (anonymous) and Twitter lations make use of an anonymous public platform to post (non-anonymous) social media sites. -
Unmasking the Teen Cyberbully: a First Amendment-Compliant Approach to Protecting Child Victims of Anonymous, School-Related Internet Harassment Benjamin A
The University of Akron IdeaExchange@UAkron Akron Law Review Akron Law Journals November 2017 Unmasking the Teen Cyberbully: A First Amendment-Compliant Approach to Protecting Child Victims of Anonymous, School-Related Internet Harassment Benjamin A. Holden Please take a moment to share how this work helps you through this survey. Your feedback will be important as we plan further development of our repository. Follow this and additional works at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/akronlawreview Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, First Amendment Commons, and the Internet Law Commons Recommended Citation Holden, Benjamin A. (2017) "Unmasking the Teen Cyberbully: A First Amendment-Compliant Approach to Protecting Child Victims of Anonymous, School-Related Internet Harassment," Akron Law Review: Vol. 51 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. Available at: http://ideaexchange.uakron.edu/akronlawreview/vol51/iss1/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Akron Law Journals at IdeaExchange@UAkron, the institutional repository of The nivU ersity of Akron in Akron, Ohio, USA. It has been accepted for inclusion in Akron Law Review by an authorized administrator of IdeaExchange@UAkron. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Holden: Unmasking the Teen Cyberbully UNMASKING THE TEEN CYBERBULLY: A FIRST AMENDMENT-COMPLIANT APPROACH TO PROTECTING CHILD VICTIMS OF ANONYMOUS, SCHOOL-RELATED INTERNET HARASSMENT By: Benjamin A. Holden* I. Introduction and Overview ............................................ 2 II. Minors and The First Amendment ................................. 9 A. The First Amendment and Minors Generally ....... 10 B. The First Amendment and The Student Speech Cases ..................................................................... 10 C. The First Amendment and The Child Protection Cases ..................................................................... 12 1. -
Sarahah Is a Messaging Application Launched in November 2016 by Saudi Developer Zain Al- Abidin Tawfiq
NATIONAL WHITE COLLAR CRIME CENTER Background Sarahah is a messaging application launched in November 2016 by Saudi developer Zain al- Abidin Tawfiq. The word “Sarahah” is the pronunciation of the Arabic word for “honesty.” It was originally launched as a service for businesses in Arabic-speaking regions to solicit anonymous, candid feedback from their employees and co-workers. However, it quickly went viral in Saudi Arabia and Egypt as an anonymous messaging application.2 Building on its regional success, Sarahah rapidly gained traction in North America, Europe, and Australia. A recent update integrated its functionality and network into Snapchat, one of the most popular social media apps in the world. This prompted an explosive growth in popularity, with over 14 million registered users and 20 million unique daily visitors (it is possible to leave messages in Sarahah without creating an account). 3 What is Sarahah? Sarahah provides a free network to leave anonymous messages through a public profile that a user shares with other people. Anyone with a user’s profile name can anonymously message that user, without necessarily creating an account. Sarahah can be used via web browser or by installing an app on an iOS or Android device. New accounts can be created only via the mobile app. Registration is required in order to receive messages. New users register with an email address, username, password, first and last name, and “handle” or profile name. The username is used to log in to the service, but only the profile name is displayed to other users. The personal link to receive anonymous messages automatically becomes www.PROFILE_NAME.Sarahah.com, and cannot be changed. -
Popular Applications KIK- Messaging App That Allows Users to Join Groups Or Direct Message Other Users. Photos/Videos Can Be
Popular Applications KIK- Messaging App That Allows Users to Join Groups or Direct Message Other Users. Photos/Videos Can Be Sent, and All Can Be Deleted by Deleting the Application. WhatsApp- A Messaging Service That Lets Users Exchange Unlimited Text, Audio, Phone Calls, Photo and Video Messages. Messages Are Encrypted Telegram- A cloud-based instant messaging and voice over IP service. Telegram client apps are available for Android, iOS, Windows Phone, Windows NT, macOS and Linux.[16] Users can send messages and exchange photos, videos, stickers, audio and files of any type. Messages can also be sent with client-to-client encryption in so-called secret chats. Unlike Telegram's cloud-based messages, messages sent within a secret chat can be accessed only on the device upon which the secret chat was initiated and the device upon which the secret chat was accepted; they cannot be accessed on other devices. Messages sent within secret chats can, in principle, be deleted at any time and can optionally self-destruct. Whisper - A proprietary iOS and Android mobile app available without charge. It is a form of anonymous social media, allowing users to post and share photo and video messages anonymously. You can respond to a message publicly or privately, choosing a public anonymous post or a private pseudonymous chat. Mocospace - Site similar to other social networking sites. Features include mobile games, chat, instant messaging, eCards, and photos Houseparty - A social networking service that enables group video chatting through mobile and desktop apps. Users receive a notification when friends are online and available to group video chat. -
Situated Anonymity: Impacts of Anonymity, Ephemerality, and Hyper-Locality on Social Media Ari Schlesinger, Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Christina A
Situated Anonymity: Impacts of Anonymity, Ephemerality, and Hyper-Locality on Social Media Ari Schlesinger, Eshwar Chandrasekharan, Christina A. Masden, Amy S. Bruckman, W. Keith Edwards, Rebecca E. Grinter School of Interactive Computing and GVU Center Atlanta, GA USA [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT concerned with what causes users to care about and become Anonymity, ephemerality, and hyper-locality are an dedicated to a community, a crucial component of success. uncommon set of features in the design of online communities. However, these features were key to Yik Typically, commitment to an online community has been Yak's initial success and popularity. In an interview-based characterized as either bond-based commitment, meaning study, we found that these three features deeply affected the attachment to specific users within the community (like on identity of the community as a whole, the patterns of use, Facebook), or identity-based commitment, meaning and the ways users committed to this community. We attachment to a topic or characteristic—such as home-town conducted interviews with 18 Yik Yak users on an urban pride, surviving cancer, or anime fandom (like 4chan) [56]. American university campus and found that these three However, when a community deviates from established focal design features contributed to casual commitment, practices and thrives, it introduces a compelling opportunity transitory use, and emergent community identity. We to probe standard understanding. describe situated anonymity, which is the result of Yik Yak, a social media application that became the 9th anonymity, ephemerality, and hyper-locality coexisting as most downloaded app in the U.S. -
Revealing Anonymous Online Users in the Social Media Age Taylor Mccallman
Campbell Law Review Volume 41 Article 7 Issue 1 Winter 2019 2019 The hS adow in the Comments Section: Revealing Anonymous Online Users in the Social Media Age Taylor McCallman Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.campbell.edu/clr Recommended Citation Taylor McCallman, The Shadow in the Comments Section: Revealing Anonymous Online Users in the Social Media Age, 41 Campbell L. Rev. 225 (2019). This Comment is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Repository @ Campbell University School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Campbell Law Review by an authorized editor of Scholarly Repository @ Campbell University School of Law. McCallman: The Shadow in the Comments Section: Revealing Anonymous Online Us The Shadow in the Comments Section: Revealing Anonymous Online Users in the Social Media Age ABSTRACT In 2018, the world is no longer outside our windows, but ratherit isjust behindthe screens of our laptops, tablets, or smartphones. This modern shift in how our society conducts itself opened the door to a distinct sub-breed of humanity." the cyber bully, the "troll," the troubled person finding therapeutic escape by attacking othersfrom the safety of a desk chair. The ability to post anonymously empowers this portion of society to humiliate, harass, and destroy the lives of others, often doing so with a disconnect between the real world and online. The harm caused by anonymous postings has made its way to the courts numerous times. Plaintiffsseek retributionin some form, but in order to build their case they mustfirst ascertain the identity of their abuser. -
Whose Social Network Account: a Trade Secret Approach to Allocating Rights Zoe Argento Roger Williams University School of Law
Michigan Telecommunications and Technology Law Review Volume 19 | Issue 2 2013 Whose Social Network Account: A Trade Secret Approach to Allocating Rights Zoe Argento Roger Williams University School of Law Follow this and additional works at: http://repository.law.umich.edu/mttlr Part of the Intellectual Property Law Commons, Internet Law Commons, Labor and Employment Law Commons, and the Science and Technology Law Commons Recommended Citation Zoe Argento, Whose Social Network Account: A Trade Secret Approach to Allocating Rights, 19 Mich. Telecomm. & Tech. L. Rev. 201 (2013). Available at: http://repository.law.umich.edu/mttlr/vol19/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Michigan Telecommunications and Technology Law Review by an authorized editor of University of Michigan Law School Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WHOSE SOCIAL NETWORK ACCOUNT? A TRADE SECRET APPROACH TO ALLOCATING RIGHTS Zoe Argento* Cite as: Zoe Argento, Whose Social Network Account? A Trade Secret Approach to Allocating Rights, 19 MICH. TELECOMM. & TECH. L. REV. 201 (2013), available at http://www.mttlr.org/volnineteen/argento.pdf Who has the superior right to a social network account? This is the question in a growing number of disputes between employers and workers over social network accounts. The problem has no clear legal precedent. Although the disputes implicate rights under trademark, copyright, and privacy law, these legal paradigmsfail to address the core issue. At base, disputes over social network accounts are disputes over the right to access the people, sometimes numbering in the tens of thousands, who follow an account.