Burmese Border Situation 1984 to 2006 1: 1984: The First Refugees 2: 1984 to 1994: Border under Attack 3: 1988/1990: Democracy Movement CHINA CHINA CHINA

Shan Shan State State

BURMA BURMA LAOS BURMA LAOS

Karenni Karenni Mae Sai Karenni Mae Sai State State State Mae Hong Son Mae Hong Son Mae Hong Son Karen Karen Karen State Chiang Mai Chiang Mai State State 10,000 'Students' 1984 1994 1988 Pegu Pegu Pegu fled to border Division 10,000 Division 80,000 DivisionDemocracy Manerplaw Manerplaw THAILAND Manerplaw (reducing toTHAILAND 3,000 Refugees Refugees Uprising by 1989) Mon Mon State Rangoon State Rangoon Rangoon

Mae Sot Mon Mae Sot State Burmese Burmese Elected MPs fled to Army Army border to establish Advances 1990 Offensive Government in exile General Election Kanchanaburi Kanchanaburi Kanchanaburi Bangkok Bangkok

Tenasserim Tenasserim Division Tenasserim Division A N D A M A N S E A A N D A M A N S E A Division A N D A M A N S E A

Town Town Town Capital Capital Ranong Capital Ranong Border Line Border Line Border Line

4: Jan 1995: The Fall of Manerplaw 5: 1995 to 1997: The Buffer Falls 6: Forced Village Relocations since 1996 CHINA CHINA CHINA

Shan Shan State State Shan State BURMA LAOS BURMA 1996 LAOS BURMA LAOS

Karenni Mae Sai Karenni Mae Sai Mae Sai State State Karenni Mae Hong Son Mae Hong Son State Mae Hong Son 1996 Karen Karen State Chiang Mai State Chiang Mai Chiang Mai 1997 Karen 2006 Pegu Pegu Pegu State Division Division 115,000 Division 163,000 THAILAND THAILAND THAILAND Manerplaw Manerplaw Refugees Refugees

Rangoon Rangoon Rangoon 1995 Mae Sot Mae Sot Mae Sot

Mon Jan 1995 Mon Mon State State State The Fall of 1997 Manerplaw

Kanchanaburi Kanchanaburi Kanchanaburi Bangkok Bangkok Bangkok

1997 Tenasserim A N D A M A N S E A Tenasserim A N D A M A N S E A Tenasserim A N D A M A N S E A Division Division Division

Town Town Town Capital Ranong Capital Ranong Capital Ranong Border Line Border Line Border Line