I was bathed in sunshine.© Jesus was like that. C. H. Spurgeon in his book Lectures to My Students has some wise, if caustic, sayings of advice. ©Sepulchral tones may fit a man to be an undertaker, but Lazarus is not called out of his grave by hollow moans.© ©I know brethren who from head to foot, in garb, tone, manner, necktie and boots are so utterly parsonic that no particle of manhood is visible. . . . Some men ap pear to have a white cravat twisted round their souls, their manhood is throttled with that starched rag.© ©An individual who has no geniality about him had better be an undertaker, and bury the dead, for he will never succeed in influencing the living.© ©I commend cheerfulness to all who would win souls; not levity and frothiness, but a genial, happy spirit. There are more flies caught with honey than with vinegar, and there will be more souls led to heaven by a man who wears heaven in his face than by one who bears Tartarus in his looks.© " WILLIAM BARCLAY, The Gospel of John, _ ESUS "was no severe, austere kill vol. 1, p. 85. joy. He loved to share in the happy rejoic "As He passed through the towns and ing of a wedding feast. There are certain cities, He was like a vital current, diffusing religious people who shed a gloom wherever life and joy. they go. There are certain people who are "We may be cheerful. God does not want suspicious of all joy and happiness. To any sour faces on this ground; the Lord them religion is the thing of the black does not want anyone in gloom and sad clothes, the lowered voice, the expulsion ness; He wants you to lift up your counte of social fellowship. They descend like a nance to Him, and let Him just pour upon gloom wherever they go. It was said of Alice it the brightness of the light of the Sun of Freeman Palmer, the great teacher, by one Righteousness." ELLEN G. WHITE, Evan of her scholars: ©She made me feel as if gelism, pp. 487, 488. THE MINISTRY Official Journal of the Ministerial Association of Seventh-day Adventists

VOLUME XXXIV MARCH, 1961 No. 3

Editor ROY ALLAN ANDERSON IN THIS ISSUE EDITORIAL Associate Editor Helping Members to Make Their Wills .. R. A. Anderson 4 ANDREW C. FEARING

Managing Editor ARTICLES HARRY W. LOWE The Contagion of Cheerfulness ______.... __.__— Z Do We Provoke the Lord to Jealousy? ...... H. M. Tippett 6 Assistant Editors The Son of God—The Messiah .._._.._....._.. W. E. Read 9 E. EARL CLEVELAND Church Architecture Today .._._...__..._.... R. J. Burman 11 WALTER SCHUBERT Herbert W. Armstrong and His "Radio Church of God" ______R. L. Odora 14 Copy Editor Walter Martin and the Nature of Man .... D. E. Mansell 20 J. INA WHITE Last Call to the Churches ______V. Havner 26 Consulting Editors Our Editor on the Amazon _.,„...... R. A. Anderson 33 REUBEN R. FIGUHR, WALTER R. BEACH, EDWARD HEPPENSTALL, LOUISE C. REGULAR FEATURES KLEUSER, W. B. OCHS, H. L, RUDY Evangelism ....._.„...... „...... _._...... _... G. Burnside 24 Research „...... _„...... „..._ D. Ford 28 Art Editor Pastor ______A. C. Marple 30 T. K. MARTIN Some Books I Can Recommend ...... __..._...... T. A. Davis 34 Circulation Manager Shepherdess —.....„...... ——.._„-.._....„ Mrs. L. Hardinge 35 WALTER SCHUBERT Books for Your Library -„...... _._....._._..„__._.._..___._„_...._._. 37 E. EARL CLEVELAND, Assistant 1960 Ordinations for North America ....—„_...... __.__„...... __. 39 News ______42 Overseas Contributors Pulpit—Pointers for Preachers _-.___„—.._.__...... _...... ____„ 48 GEORGE BURNSIDE Australia ERWIN BERNER Central Europe J. R. SPANGLER Far East H. J. WESTPHAL Inter-America WAYNE E. OLSON Middle East ODD JORDAL Northern Europe The Winds of Fate ENOCH OLIVEIRA South America One ship drives east and another drives west S. G. MAXWELL Southern Africa With the selfsame winds that blow. J. F. ASHLOCK Southern Asia 'Tis the set of the sails G. CUPERTINO Southern Europe And not the gales Which tells us the way to go.

Like the winds of the sea are the ways of fate, Editorial Office: 6840 Eastern Avenue, NW. As we voyage along through life: Washington, D.C. 'Tis the set of a soul Printed and published monthly for the Min That decides its goal, isterial Association of Seventh-day Adventists by the Review and Herald Publishing Associa And not the calm or the strife. tion, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. $4.00 a —ELLA WHEELER WILCOX, 1855-1919. year; 40c a copy. Add 25c for yearly subscrip tions to countries requiring extra postage. Second-class postage paid at Washington, D.C. Cover Picture: A. Devaney MARCH, 1961 EDITORIAL

Helping Members to Make Their Wills

PASTOR carries many re tain criticisms that may be heard from A sponsibilities in his work, time to time, such as The church is getting but one of the most delicate too commercial. He reminds us that, is guidance at the time a mem "In the time of Henry VIII, clergy were ber is making a will. Recently often instructed not to officiate at the fu T. K. Thompson, executive nerals of the deceased unless the deceased director of the department of had written a 'mortuary' in his Will. The stewardship and benevolence 'mortuary' usually consisted of ten per cent of the National Council of Churches, pre of the total of the temporal goods, and pared an article in this field that we believe was given to the Church or to a Church will be read with interest. Order. Thus we have graphically displayed A question sometimes asked is, Why the 'commercial' tendency inherent in any should a pastor help his parishioners in church emphasis upon making a Christian making a will? And further, Should he en Will. The Church is definitely tempted to courage them to remember the activities of sell its services for a price, and in the case the cause of God at such a time? It is inter of ten per cent of an estate, the price is esting that even The Book of Common pretty heavy. The rebuttal to this argu Prayer of the Anglican Church makes ref ment is very simple. The Church should erence to this. It reads: completely abstain from any kind of sell The Minister is ordered, from time to time, to ing its services in order to gain a bequest." advise the People, whilst they are in health, to make Another criticism is that "undue influ Wills arranging for the disposal of their temporal ence" is sometimes brought to bear on in goods, and, when of ability, to leave Bequests for dividuals. His rebuttal is that religious and charitable uses.—Page 320. "All older people of means are under Some might suggest that this is none of 'undue influence' from philanthropic in the pastor's business. But anything that stitutions of all kinds and most especially touches the kingdom of God is his busi under the influence of aggressive relatives ness. A number of our conferences here in who seek to gain a bequest." North America have ministers appointed The attitude of relatives is touched to serve in the capacity of counselors. This upon, to which he replies: has proved a great blessing, and the plan "The answer to this argument is simply might well be followed in other areas of that the testator should decide what causes the world field. One with a real back and what persons come first in his scale of ground of pastoral or administrative ex values. The pastor [or the advisor] has a perience, but who has laid down his heav definite responsibility to present the needs ier burdens, can render truly valuable of the Church in this situation." A loyal service to the cause in this capacity. We Adventist will have no difficulty in sensing certainly need the guidance of God's the needs of God's cause. Spirit as we seek to help our dear members "A final criticism," he says, "is the in to invest in His cause and thus hasten the vasion of privacy. The making of a Will is coming of the King. a highly private matter between a husband In Dr. Thompson's article he lists cer and a wife and their immediate family. In THE MINISTRY many respects a Will is the most serious ness in creation and man's work with God. document a man ever frames. To have the The Christian believes that God's greatest pastor of the church, an outsider, come in gift is Jesus Christ, the Saviour and Lord. with a 'sales talk' is in extremely bad taste. Recently, a distinguished Protestant lay "Again, the answer here is basically a man retired from his work in New York matter of a man's religious faith and his and returned to his native state in the devotion to the Christian Church. If the West. He made his Will, which in part read, testator is a practicing Christian, he will 'I, John Doe, of New York City, believing want to seek the counsel and guidance of as I do in the just, creative and sovereign his minister on this, one of the most im God Almighty, the Father of all mankind, portant decisions of his life. and in his Son, Jesus Christ, my personal "All will agree that the pastor is a leader Lord and Saviour, and in the Holy Spirit, and counselor in the field of Christian who moves everywhere upon the hearts of stewardship." That has been defined as men to enlighten and guide them in all " 'the practice of systematic and propor Truth, and accepting as I do the Judaeo- tionate giving of time, abilities and mate Christian philosophy of life, from which rial possessions, based upon the conviction comes our concept of moral values which that these are a trust from God to be used are so basic for the establishment of Law, in his service for the benefit of all man Order and Justice, as well as for our cor kind, in grateful acknowledgment of porate and personal conduct, and also for Christ's redeeming love.' " the freedoms and privileges we enjoy un Defining Christian stewardship, certain der our Constitutional Democracy . . .' matters become apparent, such as the fol "This outstanding layman continued, lowing: 'The time has come to close this trust and "Will making is an essential part of give a final accounting of the temporal Christian stewardship. Every Christian property which he, the trustor, and creator comes to church on Sunday morning and of all things, has placed in my care as the makes his weekly offering as an act of wor trustee.' This unusual man, in a very clear ship. Giving is as necessary to the Christian and direct way stated what most Christians life as breathing is to the physical life. Giv feel, but express less dramatically. A Chris ing is a form of prayer in which we pray, tian's Will should witness to his faith in 'Thy Kingdom come, thy Will be done, on both its words and its intent. Earth as it is in Heaven, through me.' In "Will making is a matter of values. The the course of the years, a careful, thrifty way a man spends his money is the surest Christian will save some money beyond clue to the kind of person he is. Making: a his immediate needs; and as he 'faces the Will is, in reality, spending money. The sunset years of life, he will want to con same criteria of values, both negative and tinue the Christian stewardship conviction positive, which have influenced the Chris which he has actively followed in his tian in his daily decisions for stewardship weekly offering envelopes—by making a should also influence the decision as to Christian Will. All of a Christian's time, where his money goes at his death. talents and possessions are to be used to "Will making gives a larger opportunity the glory of God. When it comes to the for Christian witness and work. Most final disposition of his temporal resources, church people have only modest means. the Christian will want to use them to the They give regularly and systematically a greater glory of God. portion of their income throughout their "Will making is a matter of faith. The lifetime, but in the sunset years, they have Christian believes that all he has came the unusual privilege of giving a consider first from God: his life has been mediated able bit of money in one lump sum in the through his parents; his Christian faith making of their Wills. Oftentimes the was mediated through his church and children are well established and there is church school; his money and other earthly no further need to take care of the family. possessions came as a result of God's good (Continued on page 46}

INDIVIDUALITY- C. Individuality is the salt of common life. You may have to live in a crowd, but you do not have to live like it, nor subsist on its food. The School of Life. MARCH. 1961 Do We Provoke the Lord to Jealousy? H. M. TIPPETT Book Editor, Review and Herald Publishing Association

w-I HAT can a cloistered sun. It had a beautiful driving panel—but editor say to a group like tons for every convenience—but they were this that comprises men and useless with the motive power missing. The women of varying age and link between the gas potential and the total experience, who differ wheels was gone. one from the other in natural The incident may be an imperfect anal endowment and cultivated ogy in illustrating our spiritual impotence, talents, each from a unique but how common an experience it is that background of family heritage and upbring we let preoccupation with minor interests ing, all differing somewhat in vision and steal from us efficiency in major concerns. spiritual maturity, and everyone confront Our best is sacrificed to the promotion of ing his problems with varying degrees of things good and acceptable but not most mastery? important. Like the reply of the Mississippi There is one thing of which I am con River boat captain who was asked why his fident—there is not one worker in this boat was floating with the tide, "We have plenty of water to make steam, but it ain't group who has not felt the mighty moving bilin'." power of that love of which the cross of Calvary is the ultimate symbol. And it is David said in Psalm 62:11 that "power the compulsive power of a divine life laid belongeth unto God." It is one of our down that draws us to heaven and to one fundamental beliefs, and we preach it with another this morning. For Jesus said, "And great confidence, for we recognize that no I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will church movement can succeed without draw all men unto me" (John 12:32). that spiritual power. No methods, however And from our own particular valley of well organized, can reach holy objectives vision we have seen Him lifted up, and "we without the power that comes down from all, with open face beholding as in a glass God. the glory of the Lord, are changed into the Many fair projects are begun in the name same image from glory to glory even as by of the Lord but are not indited by His the Spirit of the Lord" (2 Cor. 3:18). power. I read not long ago about a five- Unfortunately, however, there are some dollar bill that had done a lot of good. It in the service of God who feel they are not had an active circulation, having paid part making any progress. They have recog of a widow's rent, bought food for some nized talents, natural graces, and high aspir poor children, made up the lack in a church ation to put them to use for the glory of school teacher's salary, and helped out on God. But when, like Samson, they go forth the church debt. The treasurer took it to to perform exploits for the Lord they find the bank for deposit, but when the teller themselves shorn of their strength. scrutinized it under a glass he smiled rue Not long ago there appeared in the As fully and said, "I'm sorry, but this bill is sociated Press dispatches the story of a man counterfeit. I shall have to hold it for the who had left his car on an empty parking Federal inspector of currency." lot one night. Next morning he climbed in That piece of currency seemed to have and stepped on the starter, but there was all the credentials of United States legal no response. He got out and lifted up the tender. But it lacked authority, the charac hood, and to his amazement discovered that ter of a genuine five-dollar bill. All its good thieves had actually stolen his engine dur deeds had not added to its value or desir ing the night. ability. As I contemplate that incident I The car looked all right. It was a late think I know the meaning of the Lord's model and stood shining in the morning admonition about those in the judgment who will say, "Lord, Lord, have we not ' A talk given at the Michigan workers' camp meeting. done wonderful things in Thy name?" And THE MINISTRY He will say, "Depart from me. You are man worships too much the golden calf of not genuine. I never knew you." material progress?" So many things done for God may wear This was his reply: "Nothing has prob a fair aspect but be unacceptable to Him ably retarded human progress more than because they were done with a wrong mo idolatry of our own achievements. By wor tive or without the sanction of His express shiping our own scientific accomplishments, command. Great charities are done to be we kill humility. By adoring our own tech seen of men. Tremendous effort is made nological advancement, we kill the urge for to make a fine showing on the right side improvement. In spite of all our scientific of the ledger—a fine record of baptisms, enlightenment we know more mysteries to but some are not fully instructed in the day than when the technological revolu message: a splendid report of bona fide tion began. God retains the same position literature sales, but a trail of resentful peo in our modern world that He held before ple who feel the books were not honestly we began probing His creation with tele represented. Every goal is reached, but the scope and cyclotron." ministry to vainglory obscures the intended Again I ask, When does self-reliance be devotion to God. The power that belongs come presumption? This question made a to God was not in any of this activity be deep impression on me some time ago cause it was not called for. when Paul's question to the Corinthian How is it that we lose God? Why is it church struck me with peculiar force. Paul that apparently godly men sometimes lose asks in 1 Corinthians 10:22: "Do we pro Him? Job was a perfect man beloved of voke the Lord to jealousy? are we stronger God, yet out there on the city ash heap he than he?" was obliged to confess, "Oh that I knew It came to me one night after a number where I might find him!" (Job 23:3). How of unsuccessful attempts to solve a problem easy it is to lose contact with God—in the nation, in the church, in the home, in the human heart. We certainly are most likely to lose God An Unusual Calendar when we are too self-sufficient to spend much time before Him in prayer and wor Yesterday I bought a calendar, which is not an ship. We lose Him when we choose experi unusual thing to do this time o£ the year, but the ence to solve our problems instead of heav calendar is unusual. It is five calendars in one. enly wisdom, when we choose organiza I thought you might be interested to know about it. tional power instead of God's counsel, The calendar is called The Holy Land Calendar. when we choose worldly procedures in It shows me five year reckonings, the Western, the Eastern, the Coptic, the Jewish, and the Moslem. stead of God's revealed plans. Whereas the Western year begins on the first of In this neon-lighted, push-button civili January, the Eastern year begins on the fourteenth. zation in which man has so many ways to The Moslem year begins on June 15, and the Coptic extend and multiply his powers, we all too and Jewish years begin on September 11. Next year often forget the tremendous importance of is 1961 according to the West and the East, but being connected with God's plans, God's it is 1381 according to the Moslems, 1678 according purposes, God's power. Isn't it strange that to the Copts, and 5722 according to the Jews. this should be so when there are such great The months in the various systeins are different assurances in the Bible as this one in Jere again, and of course the dates likewise. There is only one respect in which all the calendars agree, miah 32:27: "I am the Lord, the God of and that is the day o£ the week. Sunday (called all flesh: is there any thing too hard for me?" in Arabic the first day of the week) is Sunday in all the forms. Saturday (called the Sabbath in When does self-reliance become pre Arabic) is the same day in all the systems. What a sumption? When does the arrogance of hu remarkable testimony this is to the fact that though man knowledge become an offense to God? men have had multitudinous ways of reckoning How does He look upon our idolatry of years and months, beginnings and endings, they intellect and the enthronement of science have no doubt about which day of the week it is. as contributory to our highest good? Some people think that because calendar changes have been made the days of the week have been lost Dr. Wernher von Braun, director of the or miscounted. My new calendar does not indicate Development Operations Division of the this at all. It was published by the Franciscan Army Ballistic Missile Agency, was asked Fathers in Jerusalem. G. Arthur Keough, Secre not long ago: "Do you feel that modern tary, Public Affairs, Middle East Division. MARCH, 1961 that had been plaguing me for weeks. It by selfish considerations. It will never make suggested to me the picture of a benign us do anything bizarre or unworthy of the and all-powerful heavenly Father ready and dignity of Christian faith. able and willing to do more for His people This week someone handed me a tele than they can ask or think, standing on the phone number and asked me to call. When side lines with folded arms while those I did so I heard an almost unintelligible who profess to love Him try to solve the tape-recorded message by a woman leader unsolvable and to do memorable exploits of one of the emotional shouting cults down without His aid. Like the foolish kings of in our city. The voice was high-pitched, and Israel in olden time we go down to Egypt in spots it shrieked. Sometimes it sang. It for help instead of seeking God's holy arm was a travesty on spiritual counsel. God's of strength. As soon as I saw this in my own experi ence I yielded my heart and will to the New Comprehensive Subject Index Lord for His power and purpose, and my problem was solved almost overnight. Yes, The new MINISTRY Index is in process of com Pastor Paul, I think we must surely provoke pletion. We have not yet decided on the price. It the Lord to jealousy by our turning to un may be around $2.00. But the more we print the worthy sources of power. lower the price will be. Therefore it would help us greatly if you would send a postal card indi Why is it that we sometimes court the cating that you would like to purchase a copy. Do foolish idea that we must exhaust all our let us hear from you soon. Editor. own wisdom, all our own resources, all our own ingenuity and energy, before calling upon the Lord for His wisdom, His guid love does not inspire such performances. ance, His plans, His power? It is manifested The compulsion comes from another spirit. in our practice of spending five minutes in James wrote to the church: "The wisdom prayer and five hours wrangling out solu that is from above is first pure, then peace tions to problems in committee meetings. able, gentle, and easy to be intreated, full Committee counsel is good, but the Advent of mercy and good fruits" (James 3:17). Movement was launched on a program of It was this wisdom Jesus manifested. And all-night prayer meetings by men and if the divine compassion is moving within women who mistrusted their own wisdom us, we shall understand and share some of and experience. the compulsions that were upon Him. How One of the most deceptive half-truths in often do we see that word must in the New the world is the popular maxim, "The Lord Testament record: "Wist ye not that I must helps those who help themselves." It seems be about my Father's business?" Is that the to mean, Do the best you can, and when compulsion that moves us as workers? you can do no more, ask the Lord to come Hear the Saviour again and again use in and help. That is to say, When you have that compelling word "must." "I must done all you can and made a mess of things, preach the kingdom of God to other cities the Lord is pleased to come in and also" (Luke 4:43). "I must work the works straighten it out. of him that sent me, while it is day" (John If Moses had followed that counsel, he 9:4). "Other sheep I have, . . . them also I would have been stopped at the Red Sea, must bring" (John 10:16). "Even so must with Pharaoh's armies triumphant. If Gid the Son of man be lifted up" (John 3:14). eon had conceived such an idea as born of His treatment of Zacchaeus came out of God, he would have been defeated with his His divine compulsion. "Zacchaeus, make 23,000 men. No, there comes a time when haste, and come down; for to day I must it is an honor to God to heed His admoni abide at thy house" (Luke 19:5). Why tion, "Stand ye still, and see the salvation must He? Because Zacchaeus was worth of the Lord" (2 Chron. 20:17). He wants saving. What did it cost the Lord? Oh, to go with us all the way, not merely as an only an hour or two on His way to the cross auxiliary in time of trouble. to break bread with a man dying in his Do we fail to take hold of the arm of sins. God's strength because we are afraid of His So under divine compulsion, if we take compulsions? We may be sure the compul hold of God's strength we too may call men sive love of Jesus will always be an intelli out of trees or out of the countinghouse gent, illumined force in our lives, undefiled as Jesus did Matthew, from their fishing THE MINISTRY nets as He did Peter, out of their en seventeen years ago. Her small son was ill trenched prejudices as He did Paul, or out and she wanted to clear the way in her of their timidity and fear as He did Nico- own heart before she called the elders to demus. pray. These and many other circumstances One thing is sure; whether we work with have made me rejoice in the confidence Him or not, God is mightily moving on the of David, "God is my King of old, working spirits of men today. A man whom I have salvation in the midst of the earth" (Ps. known for years, a compulsive gambler who 74:12). has done time in four penitentiaries, re In view of this assurance so abundantly cently was baptized into this faith. A sustained in your experience and mine, mother wrote me not long ago confessing why "do we provoke the Lord to jealousy? to dishonesty in an examination in college are we stronger than he?" (1 Cor. 10:22.) The Son of God—The Messiah W. E. READ Editor, "The Israelite" Magazine

HE word Messiah is found To us as Christians this is not a difficult . but four times in the Bible thing to believe. To the Jew, however, it (K.J.V.)—twice in the Old is a great stumbling block. Their bitterest Testament (Dan. 9:25 and opposition to our Lord was because He 26), and twice in the New called Himself "the Son of God" (John Testament (John 1:41; 4:25). 10:36), and in one of the final scenes be However, the Hebrew word fore Calvary, the high priest adjured Jesus Maschiach, rendered "Mes to declare whether He was the Son of God. siah" in Daniel, has as its equivalent "Chris- Jesus calmly replied, "Thou hast said" tos" in the Greek, which is rendered (Matt. 26:64). "Christ" in the King James Version more The Jews of today quite generally repu than 500 times. Both Maschiach and Chris- diate the idea that God could have a son. tos basically mean "anointed," and if we This comes up time and again in conversa consider certain marginal readings, the tions with them. However, there are some three concepts—Messiah, Christ, and things even the Jews must recognize, and Anointed—are brought together in John do recognize, if they believe the Old Testa 1:41, ment is the Word of God. It is true many "We have found the Messias, which is, being in Jews are quite liberal in their outlook. Some terpreted, the Christ [margin, "Anointed"]." are even agnostics, while others belong to The Messianic concept meant far more to the conservative group. There are a num the believers in the early church than it ber, however, who are quite orthodox, and does to us today. To them the word Chris- these generally accept the Bible as the Word tos or Christ meant "Messiah"; to them of God. Jesus was the long-looked-for Coming However, even the liberal Jew is im One. When they used the expression "Jesus pressed when he reads in his own Bible that Christ," it meant to them "Jesus the Mes God has a son. He may quibble at first and siah." deny that such a statement is to be found This Jesus the Messiah is also Jesus the in the Holy Scriptures. But when one points Son of God. This term is applied to our to Exodus 4:21, 22, he generally changes Lord in the New Testament no less than his mind. In this text we read, forty times. The Saviour applied it to Him The Lord said unto Moses . . . , Thou shall say self at least seven times, and both friend unto Pharaoh, . . . Israel is my son, even my and foe used it on several occasions when firstborn. referring to Him. The New Testament evi When the import of this passage strikes dences are certainly dear and plain that Je him, he may do what one Jewish professor sus our Lord was the Son of God, the Mes did with me on one occasion. He went siah to whom Israel looked forward for into quite an ecstasy. He put his hands to centuries. gether, a wonderful smile spread over his MARCH, 1961 face, and he exclaimed with considerable Lord and against his anointed (His Messiah)."— emotion, "Ah, yes, Israel, my people, my JOSEPH KLAUSNER, Jesus of Nazareth, p. 299. people, this is the son of God." This then, The second verse of the psalm mentions settles one aspect of the question, and that that "the kings of the earth" and the rulers is that God does have a son. take counsel together against the Lord The next question is—Does the Old Tes (Yahweh) and against His Anointed (Mas- tament ever use the expression "My Son" chiach, "Messiah"). Here Messiah is inti in reference to an individual as well as to mately associated with Yahweh, and the a people? The same Jewish professor Messiah is called His Messiah. In the sev thought not, but he admitted he was sur enth verse of the same chapter we find Yah prised when we read 2 Samuel 7:14, where weh saying to the Messiah, "Thou art my God talked with David concerning his son Son; this day have I begotten thee." Here Solomon. Concerning him, God said, "I is clear recognition that the term son is will be his father, and he shall be my son." applied also to the Messiah. First, it is used This came as a great awakening, but it pre with reference to Israel, then to Solomon pared the way for the next step, and that is, as an individual, and in the third place to If the term son is applied to one individual, the Messiah, the Son of God. The first two might it not be applied to another? "Ah," references are undoubtedly types of our he said, "you evidently think that the ex Lord, and in Him the concept of sonship pression 'son' applies to the Messiah." Well, receives its fullest expression and fulfill let us see. In Psalm 2 there is a prophecy ment. that is recognized by Jewish authorities as This is part of the message we must bring applying to the Messiah. There the Lord to the Jew of today. As in the early days of says to the Messiah, "Thou art my Son; the Christian church some will believe and this day have I begotten thee." declare as did Saul of Tarsus, that Jesus Our Rabbis taught, The Holy One, blessed be is "very Christ" ("Messiah," Acts 9:22) and He, will say to the Messiah, the son of David that "he is the Son of God" (Acts 9:20). (May he reveal himself speedily in our days!), It is a wonderful awakening for the mod "Ask of me anything, and I will give it to thee," as ern Jew when the scales fall from his eyes it is said, I will tell of the decree etc. this day have I begotten thee . . .—Talmud Sukkah 52a. and he sees and believes that Jesus Christ the Lord is the Messiah, the Anointed One, and that He alone can save from sin. In our work for the Hebrew people we have quite a number of them enrolled in the special Bible correspondence course, and some of these we hope will soon iden tify themselves with the Advent Movement. We wish all our ministers and workers would subscribe to our Hebrew journal Israelite. It is printed almost wholly in the English language, and its quarterly visits would give an idea of the approach we are seeking to make to those who are of the "seed of Abraham." The subscription price is but $1 a year for four issues. Years ago the servant of the Lord wrote: When this gospel shall be presented in its ful ness to the Jews, many will accept Christ as the Messiah.—The Acts of the Apostles, pp. 380, 381. We are to labor for the Jewish people, who are scattered throughout so many lands. . . . Souls One of our Jewish Bible lessons. will be saved, from the Jewish nation, as the doors of the New Testament are unlocked with the key "The Living God" is quite an Hebraic expres of the Old Testament. Christ will be recognized sion, and to term the Messiah "Son of the Living as the Saviour of the world, as it is seen how God" is justifyable from the verse in the Psalm: clearly the New Testament explains the Old. Many "Thou art my son: this day have I begotten thee," of the Jewish people will by faith receive Christ since a few verses earlier it is said, "Against the as their Redeemer.—Evangelism, pp. 578, 579.

10 THE MINISTRY Church Architecture Today ROBERT J. BURMAN* Architect, A.I.A.

N'I EVER before in the his thirty years of sleep to find a modern free tory of architecture has way passing through his front yard. He is there been such a startling understandably confused, or even shocked, and visual change as that to by the changes in the appearance of the be found in the new churches. automobile. We who have been awake to Until quite recently the most the gradual changes in automobile design advanced concepts in architec accept the modern car, and we look for ture were almost exclusively ward to the new models. Even though used for commercial and industrial build we may not be pleased with the tail fin and ings. For more than a century most churches chrome-happy features of Detroit products, have chosen to ignore the changes in the we have no desire to return to the model-T. art and technology of their culture, and This same condition exists in architecture. thus their physical plants have not been Our equivalent to "Detroit iron" is found representative of the times in which they in the many modernistic buildings that dis were living. Their churches represented play the ill-use and misuse of materials, as a God of the past instead of a God of the well as a total disregard for basic design ever-present. They failed to recognize that principles. And we have our good modern architecture is a social art, vitally related architecture pioneered by such "name ar to the life of the people it serves, and not chitects as Belluschi, Gropius, Mies van der merely some form of applied archeology or Rohe, Mendelssohn, Niemeyer, Saarinen, academic exercise in applied ornament. and Wright. To stand still today is to go Today this attitude is rapidly changing, and backward. Unfortunately, many people, in there is a great possibility that the church cluding too many practicing architects, may again regain its rightful place as the have never learned to distinguish between source of inspiration for great creativity, modernistic and modern architecture. This daring, and imagination. has been the most retarding influence on The danger of scientific atheism when the modern movement. confronted with the possibility of the total In those periods of architectural history annihilation of mankind has caused men preceding the Industrial Revolution the to take a new look at religion. Not only has church was not only the source of the new church construction shown phenomenal est and greatest advances in architecture growth, the total contract figures for 1959 but it was also the mother of the other running well over $800 million, but the arts, such as music, art, and literature. But church itself is revising its attitudes and with the advent of the Industrial Revolu concepts because of the needs of these tion the people with the greatest financial times. Only in the last few years have some resources, regardless of their educational of our most gifted and deservedly famous and cultural training, determined values architects been given the opportunity to de by their commercial, in lieu of esthetic, sign church buildings. With an amazing worth. Architecture separated itself from and rapidly growing technology these ar engineering, and it soon became nothing chitects, in collaboration with enlightened more than the process of imitating the and progressive church leaders, are leading facades of bygone eras. The Victorian age the way in the design of meaningful church became known as the "dark ages of archi architecture. tecture." The design of everything about This change has been so sudden that us today has now sunk so low that we are many people have a reaction not unlike the no longer capable of judging what is good. owner of a model-T Ford who awoke after We have to be educated and trained to acquire taste, because we have only ac * Robert J. Burraan is an Adventist architect in California and has done some outstanding work in his profession. We quired habits—generally bad. With a grad believe our leaders, and pastors in particular, will appreciate ually increasing level in the educational this forthright analysis in trends of church architecture. —EDITORS. background of our new generation it is MARCH, 1961 II hoped that the church will again lead out through the use of the machine have pro in raising the standards in the arts. Too vided us with the basis for a new art. We often, however, taste has become synony can now use lighter materials such as alu mous with a safe and uniform mediocrity. minum, glue-laminated wood, stressed skin Today, architects are again carrying on and sandwich panels, lightweight con the Gothic tradition of exploring the pos crete, and plastics. Instead of an architec sibilities of lightness and poise. In the nine ture of mass, we now have an architecture teenth century, antique ornaments were of volume. We are evolving a style that ap grafted onto new structures, and the struc pears liberated from matter, although tural framework was hidden behind mas joined to it more completely than ever. sive piles of masonry. Today our modern Pre- and post-stressed concrete, the use of architecture is noted for its economy, econ textured forms, precasting, deflatable and omy in material and means, and for its own reusable forms, tilt-up and lift-slab, new ag inherent aesthetic value. Man should gregate surfaces—these are some of the de never build less skillfully than he knows velopments in concrete that are influencing how. Today our products are machine the design of our churches. Concrete blocks made, and we know exactly how they will have now been put out with new designs behave. Precision and calculation have be that make them a desirable building ma come new tools of the designer. To be over terial. With the rising costs in construction, sized or overweight is to be uncouth. Not concrete is no longer veneered over now long ago craftsmen constructed a building that we have new finishes and waterproof from materials and tools that they ing techniques. Architects are creating brought to and worked with on the job many new textures and patterns with brick site. Today, the labor of producing parts masonry. New finishes and colors are creat for a building is fast becoming nothing ing new possibilities in beauty and use. more than the process of assembling ready- Some of our newest churches are again made parts. The machine has replaced the using one of the oldest of building mate craftsman, and we have invented or dis rials—mosaic tile. Some of the most beauti covered many new materials. We have ful is the Venetian glass mosaic being im found a modern equivalent for ornament ported from Italy. to lie in the natural qualities of materials, Because of rising costs steel is assuming- because ornament divorced from handi more economical shapes that are being ex craft is meaningless. Qualities possible ploited by leading architects for new design

The Seventh-day Adventist Hollywood church.

12 THE MINISTRY Glendale Sanitarium Seventh-day Adventist church. expression. Because steel is most effective inghouse of the First Unitarian Society of in tension, we can expect more buildings to Madison, Wisconsin, blended all these fa be suspended. A classic example of the use cilities under one triangular roof, which of steel for its own sake as a means of ar expresses reverence without recourse to the chitectural expression is the steel, brick, steeple. and glass chapel at the Illinois Institute In Gothic times the church did not even of Technology, by Mies van der Rohe. Mies have to provide seats. Today we have to van der Rohe recently received the 1960 concern ourselves with plumbing, heating, A.LA. gold medal for service to the profes ventilation, air conditioning, off-street sion. parking, acoustics, radio, sound recording, Wood is very popular in modern church TV, and many more items which will in construction because of its warmth, beauty, crease in number as time goes on. It is workability, and economy. The churches small wonder that churches do not look the of Pietro Belluschi, dean of the School of same as they did yesterday. Architecture at MIT, are well known for Good modern churches are difficult to their beauty, derived from the sensitive and find because they take much time and care creative use of wood with other indigenous ful design to be the honest, logical, and or materials. Some of the most daring work, ganic expression of the needs of the made possible by the use of glue-laminated church. Unfortunately, many of our wood technology, is being done by Victor churches are unwilling to invest their Lundy of Florida. money in the services of a competent archi The church can no longer spend hun tect, and when an architect's services are dreds of years in the construction process. used he must be willing to take a reduced Today, only a year or two may elapse from fee. Therefore, unless he has an outside the first idea to the final completion of the source of income he cannot spend the time church building, and the church must be necessary to perfect his plans. The only designed for the needs of a constantly concept many people have of the church changing constituency. Spaces must be is the message contained in the way atti flexible. With its current emphasis on the tudes and aspirations (or the lack of the needs of the whole man and its concept of same) are expressed in the physical ap the membership as a community as well as pearance of their church. If it expresses a congregation, new facilities are required those finer qualities we should expect from for the education and social and recrea the church its architecture can be a lead tional requirements of its membership. ing and formulating force in the world The late Frank Lloyd Wright in his meet- today. MARCH, 1961 13 Herbert W. Armstrong and His "Radio Church of God" Part 1 ROBERT L. ODOM Editor of the "Index to the Writings of Ellen G. White"

Biographical Quaker Background We gather from Mr. Armstrong's bio HE editorial office of THE graphical sketches that he was born on T MINISTRY has received nu July 31, 1892,3 which means that he is now merous inquiries concerning nearing the age of threescore and ten years. Herbert W. Armstrong, Concerning his early religious background, spokesman of the "Radio he has said: "I had been brought up from Church of God," which broad birth in the Friends Church (Quakers)." 4 casts its teachings by radio Again: "I was born of solid Quaker stock." 5 and by mail from Pasadena, Likewise: "I had been reared of Quaker California. The most frequent question is stock." e Also, "I was reared in the Sunday this: Has Mr. Armstrong ever been con school of the Friends Church." 7 nected with the Seventh-day Adventist Church? Methodist Connection Mr. Armstrong has had the same ques On July 31, 1917—his twenty-fifth birth tion put to him. In fact, he has said in his day—Mr. Armstrong was married,3 and this official monthly magazine: "It seems un resulted in a change of religious profession necessary to add here that I have never for him in 1920. Concerning this he says: been a member of the Seventh-day Advent "Before our marriage my wife had been ist denomination. False statements have ap quite interested in Bible study. She had peared in various church or religious maga been for years an active Methodist. After zines, pamphlets or tracts that I am a for marriage, although she had not lost her mer Seventh-day Adventist." 1 interest in the Christian life and the Bible, On a previous occasion he wrote: "Al she had not had the same opportunity to though I have stated positively and defi express it, or participate in religious fellow nitely on the radio program a number of ship with others. While we lived in May- times that I never belonged to the sect wood, suburb of Chicago, we joined the known as 'Jehovah's Witnesses/ or the Sev River Forest Methodist church, but the enth-day Adventist denomination, it seems fellowship there had been more social that many, especially of the 'Jehovah's Wit than spiritual or Biblical." 9 nesses' sect continue spreading the false "After moving to Maywood, my wife and claim that I once belonged to them. Let I decided we ought to join a church. We me now make the truth PLAIN. I have attended a few to look them over. We never been a member of these so-called rather liked the pastor and the people of 'Jehovah's Witnesses,' nor of the Seventh- the River Forest Methodist church, so we day Adventists. I have never in any manner, joined—more from social preference than shape, nor form, had any remote connec theological." 10 tion with them, or associated with either sect or denomination. I have never had any Sabbath Observance fellowship with them." 2 Mr. Armstrong's next change of religious These statements by Mr. Armstrong, in profession had its beginning while he was dicate that many people who listen to his living in Salem, Oregon, in 1926. At that radio broadcasts and read his literature time his "wife had become acquainted with have not been wholly satisfied with his as an elderly neighbor lady, Mrs. Ora Run- sertion that he has "never in any manner, corn," who convinced her that the seventh shape, nor form, had any remote connec day of the week, and not Sunday, was the tion with" the Seventh-day Adventist de true Sabbath day.11 Mrs. Armstrong began nomination. Hence it is necessary that we to keep the Sabbath thereafter. Heretofore set the record straight in so far as the Sev the Armstrongs had assumed that the teach enth-day Adventist Church is concerned. ings and practice of the various large de- 14 THE MINISTRY nominations were based on the Bible. has been aware of this historical fact that Hence he says: "In early fall in 1926 that the Church of God with which he fellow- assumption had been i-udely challenged. shiped was an offshoot from the Seventh- My wife had accepted the seventh-day Sab day Adventist Church. But we are certain bath." ~ He gives the date again thus: "My that he was well aware of the fact that some wife, in early fall of 1926, had begun to of its leading lights with whom he fellow- observe the seventh-day Sabbath." 13 shiped in Oregon were formerly members After investigating the Sabbath question of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. for six months, Mr. Armstrong also became Not long after his baptism Mr. Arm convinced that the seventh day was the strong began to give talks to his fellow Sabbath, and began to keep it. In telling believers and to write articles for The Bible of this experience, he says: "It was prob Advocate published in Stanberry, Missouri, ably May or June, 1927, when I was bap some of which were used by that paper. Ere tized." " long he sent a sixteen-page typewritten manuscript, which he regarded as proving Affiliation With Church of God "beyond contradiction that a certain minor (of Stanberry, Missouri) point of doctrine proclaimed by this Into what denominational fellowship did church, based on an erroneous interpreta Mr. Armstrong enter as a result of this tion of a certain verse of Scripture, was in change in religious profession? He speaks error." ~ It was rejected by "their head man, of it as the "almost unknown little Cnurch editor of their paper and president of their of God with its small publishing house in 'General Conference.' " 23 "Naturally, this Stanberry, Missouri." 15 He describes it fur shook my confidence considerably," 24 he ther as "a little church, with scattered mem says. bers probably numbering less than 2,000, A little later he wrote a typewritten man mostly in rural areas. Apparently, as nearlv uscript of nearly three hundred pages as I could learn, it had only a very limited xvhich, he supposed, "proved that the so- number of local churches, none as large called 'lost ten tribes' of Israel had migrated as 100 members." 16 He adds that "there to north-western Europe,.the British Isles, were at that time [1927] perhaps 35 to 50 and later the United States—that the Brit members of the church in Oregon, from ish were the descendants of Ephraim, Salem to Eugene." lv He identifies that de younger son of Joseph, and the United nomination again as "a little, almost-un States modern-day Manasseh, elder son of heard-of church called the Church of God, Joseph." 23 This document was rejected by which maintained a small publishing-house the publishing house at Stanberry. Mr. headquarters at Stanberry, Missouri." 18 Armstrong's reaction to this was: "Truly, That little church group is a ninety-six- this was bewildering!" 20 year-old offshoot from the Seventh-day Ad A Church of God minister, visiting Ore ventist Church. In 1866 Elders B. F. Snook gon about that time, visited Mr. Armstrong and W. H. Brinkerhoff, two leading minis in Portland. After talking with him, the ters of the small constituency of the newly visitor advised the editor of The Bible Ad organized Iowa Conference of Seventh-day vocate not to publish any more of his ar Adventists, apostatized and led off some of ticles.27 Mr. Armstrong in the meantime our church members to form a small inde had been worshiping with a certain Mr. pendent group of their own liking.19 They Hobbs and other persons "who met to directed their activities from Marion, Iowa, gether in a little church building at the top where they published a paper called The of the hill, on the Molalla Road, in Oregon Hope of Israel. In 1889 they moved the City. There were only around eight to headquarters of their work to Stanberry, twelve of them, but they habitually met on Missouri, and changed their paper's name Sabbath afternoons to study the 'Sabbath to The Bible Advocate. Until about 1949 school lesson,' using the 'quarterlies' from the group called themselves the "Church the Stanberry publishing house." 2S of God (Adventist)." 20 In 1906 they re Concerning Mr. Hobbs, he says: "Prob ported a membership of 354. By 1916 it ably the most influential member in the stood at 848. In 1926—the year when Mrs. state at the time was elderly G. A. Hobbs, of Armstrong began to keep the Sabbath with Oregon City. He was past 80 years of age, them—it was listed as 1,686.21 but very alert, aggressive and active. He We do not know whether Mr. Armstrong had received a letter from the editor in MARCH. 1961 Stanberry, Missouri, explaining that my ar Message to Israel Radio Program ticles were being discontinued at the re quest of the young minister newly arrived 1,300 successive radio broadcasts at the rate of in Oregon. . . . This had aroused the fiery one a week without interruption is the record indignation of Brother Hobbs. Immedi achievement of the Message to Israel radio pro gram. These were unusual broadcasts in that they ately he sent a scorching letter back to Stan- were beamed especially to the Jewish people in berry, a copy of which he let me read. It America. Multiply the number of these broad resulted in reinstating my articles for pub casts by the over fifty stations scattered all over lication." " That occurred in 1928. America on which the Message to Israel program In November of 1930 the followers of the is broadcast and we find that Conlson Shepherd Church of God in Oregon, in a business has consistently reached thousands of Jews for meeting held near Jefferson, Oregon, Jesus Christ. formed what they called their "Oregon Mr. Shepherd, Director of the Message to Israel, Conference." Mr. Armstrong himself was has been a minister of the Gospel for over forty present. He states: "I believe that the eld years. He left a successful insurance career to fol low the calling of the Lord to the Christian min erly G. A. Hobbs of Oregon City, previously istry. After twenty-five years in Baptist pastorates, mentioned, was made the first president of he resigned his charge in Atlantic City to devote this state conference, and that O. J. Run- full time to the Message to Israel broadcasts which corn, with whom I had come to this meet by then were on more than a score of stations and ing, was president the second year." 30 were creating a wide demand for personal appear This G. A. Hobbs, according to Mr. Arm ances before many local sponsoring churches and strong, "had been an Adventist since a groups. young man—probably beginning some The program is carried by stations in the four where around 1870, or perhaps earlier. Ad- largest cities in the United States, where over 4,000,000 Jews reside. By short wave the message ventists during those earlier years were very is heard in the State of Israel and in many parts strict, legalistic, and exacting. Brother of the globe. Over the country a host of individuals Hobbs had left the Adventists rather late have adopted Message to Israel and by their con in life when he saw clearly, in the Bible, tributions have kept the gospel going out to the that the millennium will be spent on earth Jews in many parts of the world. and not in heaven." ^ Message to Israel, Inc. However, Mr. Armstrong reports that "a son of our [Oregon] conference presi dent, the elderly G. A. Hobbs, now well to a former member of the Seventh-day along in his eighties, was a local elder in Adventist Church. He says: "In the early the Seventh-day Adventist Church" 32 at summer of that year [1931] a former Umapino, Oregon, which is near Walla S.D.A. minister, a Robert L. Taylor, came Walla, Washington. to Oregon from California." M The Church At the request of the newly organized of God people in Oregon asked him to Oregon conference officers, Mr. Arm conduct an evangelistic effort for them. strong conducted his first evangelistic " 'Brethren,' said Elder Taylor, 'I will be meetings at Harrisburg, Oregon. At the glad to undertake this evangelistic cam close of this effort he was reprimanded paign, and I suggest holding it in Eugene. for having baptized four converts, be But I want to request that Brother Arm cause he was only a licensed and not an strong be put full time into the ministry, ordained minister. This upset him con and join me in the campaign.' . . . The siderably.33 members of the conference agreed in stantly with Mr. Taylor's suggestion. . . . With Another Former Seventh-day Adventist Mr. Taylor's suggestion meant a complete In June of 1931 Mr. Armstrong was or change in my life. In former years the dained as a minister.34 He states thus: "I idea of becoming a minister was the very was the green-horn tail-ender among the last thing I should have wanted to do. But ministers of the Church of God (world by June, 1931, I had been preaching a headquarters then Stanberry, Missouri)." ^ great deal for three and a half years. By His former connection with the Stanberry, this time my whole heart was in it. ... It Missouri, organization is, therefore, a fact was decided by the officers of the confer established by his own testimony. ence that on the next all-day meeting I In telling how he came to be ordained, was to be ordained, so I could join Elder Mr. Armstrong gives the principal credit Taylor in the campaign at Eugene. I 16 THE MINISTRY shall never forget that moment of my or Salem, West Virginia. This occurred on dination. The meeting was being held out November 4, 1933.47 About the same time doors. I do not remember where—except or not long afterward Mr. Armstrong it was in the general rural area of Jef joined the revolt. ferson. I do not remember other circum Several years ago, when my attention stances, except that one or two other min was called to the doctrines propagated by isters were there in addition to Elder Tay- Mr. Armstrong, I noted a great similarity lor." 3T between many of his teachings and those Not long after he began to work with of the Church of God (Adventist) which him, Mr. Armstrong began to be very crit had its headquarters at Stanberry, Mis ical of Mr. Taylor and his methods of souri. I wrote a letter to that office to ask evangelism.38 In November of 1931—the if Mr. Armstrong had ever been connected same year of his ordination—Mr. Arm with their organization. The reply was: strong "was dropped from the payroll of "Mr. Herbert Armstrong is not now a mem the Oregon conference and Mr. Taylor ber of the Church of God (Seventh Day). was continued on it.39 Thereafter Mr. Arm He used to be, years ago, but broke away strong worked as a solicitor of advertising and became independent since." ** for a newspaper in Astoria, Oregon, for I wrote also to the office of the Church about fifteen months.4' of God (Seventh-day, Apostolic) at Salern, West Virginia, to inquire if Mr. Armstrong With a Third Former Seventh-day Adventist had ever been connected with their organ Early in 1933, prior to April 21, Mr. ization. The reply was: "Thank you for Armstrong was invited to return to min your inquiry concerning Herbert W. Arm isterial work by the Oregon conference. strong. Several years ago this man was a In the meantime Mr. Armstrong came into minister of our faith. However, he jumped contact with "a former Seventh-day Ad the track on British-Israelism, and a few ventist minister, Sven (Sam) Oberg, whom other connected subjects, so he went off he [A. J. Ray] wanted as the Oregon min independent." 4B ister." 41 "Mr. Oberg was a man of 53." 42 In response to an inquiry that I made Mr. Armstrong's new assignment was to directly to Mr. Armstrong himself regard work with Mr. Oberg in an evangelistic ing his former connections with those two campaign in Salem, Oregon.43 He says that church organizations, he kindly replied: he then looked upon Mr. Oberg "with a "It is true that I fellowshiped and sort of awe, feeling I had never met a worked with the Stanberry church, begin person so perfect and so righteous and so ning some 27 years ago, and was ordained powerful in preaching." * Mr. Armstrong's high regard for Mr. Oberg did not last very long. He became A vision without a task makes a visionary; very critical of his associate, and antago A task without a vision makes a drudge; nism between the two grew so strong that A vision and a task make a missionary. the conference president called a business J. E. FISON in The British Weekly. meeting to deal with the case.45

Affiliation With Church of God by their Oregon Conference in 1931. Also (of Salem, West Virginia) that, about 1934, along with most of the Mr. Armstrong's stormy experience with Oregon brethren with whom I worked, I the Church of God organization, whose went along for a couple of years with that headquarters were at Stanberry, Missouri, organization (Salem, West Virginia)." M did not continue much longer. A dispute To confirm further what I had learned over denominational leadership and pol about Mr. Armstrong's connection with icies arose among its leading men, one of the two above-mentioned organizations the most prominent being Andrew N. Dug- called the Church of God, I wrote A. N. ger, who had been editor of their paper Dugger for information, for he was con and also their general conference presi nected with both groups while Mr. Arm dent.46 Mr. Bugger led off a sizable part strong worked with them. He replied: "It of their followers and established a new was the year 1933 when Elder Armstrong denomination called the Church of God separated from Stanberry and went along (Seventh Day), with headquarters in with about 100 or more ministers organiz- MARCH, 1961 ing the church at Salem [West Virginia] Because this location is the geographical on the Bible foundation of church organi center of the thickest density of our radio zation, with the twelve, the seventy, and listening audience." 5T the seven. He became one of the seventy Not a Seventh-day Adventist at that time, chosen so by lot. He remained in this place for a few years. I do not re Many people have mistakenly supposed member just how many, but he broke with that Mr. Armstrong is a Seventh-day Ad the Salem organization over the keeping ventist minister, but he is not. In so far as of the yearly sabbaths set forth in Leviticus, we know, he has never been connected 23rd chapter," et cetera.51 with the Seventh-day Adventist Church. Mr. Armstrong, in relating publicly his This he has repeatedly affirmed, as we have experience during the winter of 1933-34, shown by his own statements. However, he says that he was appointed as a member has acquainted himself with the teachings of the board of seventy set up by the party of the Seventh-day Adventist Church. at Salem, West Virginia, and that he "de Speaking of the six months that he spent cided to go along with it," and sent in to in investigating the subject of the Sabbath, it regularly his ministerial reports.52 prior to his beginning to keep it in 1927, Mr. Armstrong says: "I became quite fa Radio Church of God Started miliar with Seventh-day Adventist litera Mr. Armstrong's next important step ture." 58 Again: "So I examined Seventh- after breaking with the party that had its day Adventist teachings. I obtained their headquarters in West Virginia was to move magazines, their booklets and pamphlets, the center of his independent religious ac their large 'catechism'—or book of Bible tivities out of Oregon. In 1946 he pur readings, or Bible 'home instructor.' " M chased some property in Pasadena, Cali Also: "I have attended a very few week- fornia, for his new headquarters and a col night evangelistic campaign services con lege. From there he issues his monthly pa ducted by Seventh-day Adventist evange per The Plain Truth, and directs his radio lists." 60 Likewise: "I have never been a broadcast "The World Tomorrow."" member of the Seventh-day Adventist de The Ambassador College Bulletin (cat nomination. ... I did obtain much of alog) for 1958-1960 speaks of the founder their literature to compare with the Bible. as "Herbert W. Armstrong, President and I did examine and study it with an open Pastor of the Churches of God." K A letter mind, and without prejudice. I was happy from the office of "The World Tomorrow" to find that, like most denominations, radio broadcast says: "In 1946 the mem they do have certain points of truth." M At bers incorporated under the name, 'The the same time he wrote: "My familiarity Radio Church of God,' since that name with Adventist doctrines has come entirely had become nationally known through the broadcast." s Just how Mr. Armstrong per When you stretch the truth, people can usually petuates himself in office as president and see through it. founder of the Churches of God,56 and to what extent the machinery of his ecclesi astical organization is like that of other through their published literature, and a religious denominations, we do not know. few personal contacts. I have never at Inquiry on my part has revealed that it tended a regular Sabbath church service of has few local pastors and churches or con that denomination!" 62 gregations assembling weekly in church Moreover, while he was investigating buildings or meeting places in towns and the Sabbath question he sought informa cities throughout the country. However, tion from a Seventh-day Adventist minis Mr. Armstrong's radio broadcasting has ex ter. Of this he says: "I went to a Seventh- tended to Europe, and his organization day Adventist minister. He, too, was cour appears to be financially prosperous. teous and glad to explain his belief, ac He has built a large tabernacle on a cording to the Bible, but my personal im woodland property of 43 acres near Glade- pression was that he was rather cold and water, Texas, for holding annual assem legalistic." 63 Besides this, he attended a blies of his radio listeners. He says of it: baptismal service conducted by a Church "Why are we building this tabernacle in of God minister in a Seventh-day Advent northeastern Texas? The answer is simple. ist church one Sunday afternoon,64 and at 18 THE MINISTRY a later date Mr. Armstrong himself con Wishing or Fishing? ducted a baptismal service in a Seventh- day Adventist church by arrangement with ADLAI ALBERT ESTEB "Follow me and I will make you become fishers of men" its local elder.65 (Mark 1:17, R.S.V.). Summary Wishing for fish is not fishing for fish. Who learns any skill by just wishing? To state the matter briefly, if the "Radio We'd all starve to death just watching a dish— Church of God" headed by Herbert W. The way to catch fish is go fishing! Armstrong has "had any remote connec tion with" the Seventh-day Adventist You don't learn to skate at home in a chair, Church, it cannot be construed as any Or learn to ride bikes by mere wishing; You rarely catch fish just saying a prayer— thing more than a mere offshoot from an The way to catch fish is go fishing! offshoot from an offshoot from the Seventh- day Adventist body. The Church of God You don't learn to fish by shooting at quail. that had headquarters at Stanberry, Mis Or buying equipment, then wishing; souri, with which he was connected from The way to catch fish—and this plan won't 1927 to 1933, started out as an offshoot fail- from the Iowa Conference of Seventh-day Leave everything else and keep fishing! Adventists in 1866. Whether Mr. Arm You never catch fish just strolling the banks, strong has ever been aware of this histor And watching the water a-swishing. ical fact or not, we do not know. The There's no other work in the world that ranks Church of God that had headquarters at With Christ's supreme task He called fishing! Salem, West Virginia, with which he was connected later, started out as an offshoot Wishing for fish is not fishing for fish; from the organization that had headquar You never learn fishing by wishing. ters at Stanberry, Missouri, in 1933. The You cannot catch fish by wishing a wish— "Radio Church of God," with headquar The way to catch fish is go fishing! ters now in Pasadena, California, was s Ibid., Aug., 1958, p. 10. started by Mr. Armstrong after he pulled s Ibid., Feb., 1959, pp. 17, 18. away from the organization that had head 10 Ibid., Dec., 1958, p. 7. 11 Ibid., April, 1959, p. 7; Aug., 1959, p. 17. quarters at Salem, West Virginia. The role 12 Ibid., May, 1959, p. 5. 13 Ibid., Aug., 1959, p. 13. that former Seventh-day Adventists played 14 Ibid., May, 1959, p. 5. in the story of Mr. Armstrong as a Sabbath- 15> Ibid., Aug., 1959, p. 15. 17 Ibid., p. 28. keeper has been conspicuous, though ob i" Ibid., p. 14. 18 T/i« Review and Herald, July 25, 1865, pp. 62, 63; Feb. viously not wholesome, as he himself has 20, 1866, p. 89. testified. 20 J. N. Loughborough, Pacific Union Recorder. Dec. 15, 1910, pp. 1, 2. However, Mr. Armstrong is decidedly 21 Report of U.S. Census of Religious Bodies ol the United States for 1936, Bulletin 13, p. 32. opposed to Seventh-day Adventism, and he 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 fhe Plain Truth, Aug., 1959, p. 16. attacks some of its doctrines. His teachings 27, 28, 29 Jhia ^ p. 28. w lbid., Nov., 1959, p. 8. that Christ died on Wednesday noon and S1. 32 ibid., jan iggg pp. 9^ 10. « Ibid., Nov., 1959, pp. 9, 31. rose on the Sabbath, that the Lord's Sup 84 Ibid., p. 8; Dec., 1959, p. 10. per should be eaten once a year and only ffi Ibid., Dec., 1959, p. 7. M. "* Ibid., p. 9; Jan., 1960, p. 9. at Passover time, that the Jewish calendar 33 Ibid., Dec., 1959, pp. 11, 31. and its yearly festivals as outlined in Le 3» Ibid., Jan., I960, p. 9; Feb.. 1960, p. 9. « Ibid., Jan., 1960, pp. 9, 10, 28-32; March, 1960, p. 11: viticus 23 should be followed and ob April, 1960, p. 5. 41, 42, 43, 44 ibid., April, 1960, p. 5. served by Christians, that the people of 45 Ibid., pp. 5-8, 12-15. Great Britain and the United States are 43 Ibid., Nov., 1959, p. 8. 47 U.S. Census of Religious Bodies of the United States descendants of Ephraim and Manasseh, for 1936, Bulletin 66, pp. 24, 25; The Plain Truth, Sept. 1960 pp. 8, 16. and several of his predictions about Arma 48 Letter to Robert L. Odom, dated March 8, 1953. geddon and other matters of prophecy are 49 Letter to Robert L. Odom, dated March 11, 1953. 50 Letter to Robert L. Odom, dated October 10, 1954. regarded by Seventh-day Adventists as er 61 Letter to Robert L. Odom, dated March 1, 1960. 52 The Plain Truth, Sept., 1960, pp. 16, 17. roneous and without Scripture support. 63, M Ambassador College Bulletin (catalog) for 1958-60, p. 15 (Pasadena, California). *The Plain Truth, Aug., 1959, p. 14 (Radio Church of f Letter to E. R. Walde, dated May 18, 1959. God, Pasadena, California). 56 Ambassador Collese Bulletin, p. 25. 2 Ibid., July, 1953, p. 5. 57 The Plain Truth, 'July, 1953, p. 13. * Ibid., June, 1958, p. 18; Aug., 1958, pp. 8. 10, 18; Nov., 58 Ibid., April, 1959, p. 7. 1958. p. 23; Dec., 1958, p. 1; Feb., 1959, p. 17. m lbid., Aug., 1959, p. 14. 4 ibid., July, 1953, p. 5. « Ibid., July, 1953, p. 5. s Ibid., July, 1958, p. 18. «• «* Ibid., Aug., 1959, p. 14. 6 Ibid., April, 1959, p. 7. «"• M Ibid., April, 1959, p. 7. * Ibid., Dec., 1958, p. 7. K Ibid., Jan., 1960, p. 9. MARCH, 1961 19 Walter Martin and the Nature of Man Part 1

D. E. MANSELL Pastor, Southern New England Conference

|NE of the chapters in the consciousness as Adventists declare" (page new book The Truth 132). About Seventh-day Advent- This declaration shows that Mr. Martin ism, by Walter R. Martin, believes that the Bible teaches that the soul attempts to refute the Ad- is eternal by creation. Since Mr. Martin's ventist doctrines of condi argument would have no force unless God tional immortality and the had willed that the soul must exist end annihilation of the wicked, lessly as a conscious entity, we conclude by showing that the Bible teaches conscious that this is what he means when he says existence after death and the eternal tor that the soul is eternal by creation. This ment of unbelievers. much is clear. His reasons for so believing All true Christians hold that God is the are not so clear. In fact, we cannot help Creator of all things, including conscious wondering if Mr. Martin could afford to existence. Mr. Martin believes this, and we make them clear. Let us see why. believe it too. Hence, this is not the ques Our friend declares that because "death" tion that divides us. Nor is it the question does not imply unconsciousness, he has, of whether God could sustain life forever therefore, proved that the Bible emphati or annihilate it if He so ordained. The crux cally teaches that the soul is eternal by cre of the matter is: Has God given man, irre ation. This appeals to us as a rather un spective of his character, conscious exist usual method of adducing proof. In essence ence that He will never take away? Mr. we are asked to believe that the lack of an Martin teaches that God has. Seventh-day implication constitutes emphatic proof. We Adventists maintain that God has not. fail to see how this constitutes proof, let We fail to see any reason why God should alone emphatic proof. have willed that man must have an end We shall now proceed to examine the less conscious existence, whether regenerate evidence, which Mr. Martin says "we have or unregenerate, and we do not believe seen," which is supposed to prove that that the Bible so teaches. On the contrary, " 'death' does not imply unconsciousness." we hold that the Scriptures plainly teach In order to facilitate comparison we shall that God created man with the possibility follow Mr. Martin's outline of presenta for endless existence, but that this depended tion. on man's obedience to the divine will. I. Textual Analysis When man sinned, endless existence be On pages 118 and 119 of his book, Mr. came possible only through acceptance of Martin, commenting on 1 John 5:11-13 says, eternal life in Jesus Christ. "In the grammar and context of this pas Mr. Martin holds that the soul or spirit, sage eternal life (eionion zoes [sic]) is the which he equates with man's "cognizant, present possession of every believer in the immaterial nature" (page 127), has an end Lord Jesus Christ, and if the term eternal less existence regardless of character (see life does not include conscious fellowship page 139), for he declares: "Conditional then the whole New Testament meaning is Immortalitists try to answer Dr. Hodge's destroyed. The Holy Spirit used the present argument [that unbelievers are punished indicative active of the verb echo, express forever] by declaring that the soul is not ing present, continuous action. Thus we eternal by creation; but the Bible emphat see that the believer, having been regener ically teaches that it is, since we have seen ated by the Holy Spirit, already possesses that the word 'death' does not imply un- never-ending life as a continuing quality of conscious existence." (Italics his.) * This is an unsolicited reply to statements in the book The Truth About Seventh-day Adventism on the nature of man. In the first place, it seems to us utterly 20 THE MINISTRY superfluous to bestow upon believers "a points out that Mr. Martin is "incorrect continuing quality of conscious existence" when he says that Adventists equate eternal if all men regenerate and unregenerate, pos life with immortality." Thus we see that sess conscious existence that is eternal by Mr. Martin completely refutes something creation. we don©t even teach. In the second place, it seems to us pass What Seventh-day Adventists teach on ing strange that anyone would try to prove this point is made abundantly plain when conscious existence after death on the Mr. Lowe says, "We emphatically teach grounds that believers possess eternal life. that a true believer in Christ has eternal Let us see why. If believers possess "a con life abiding in him now, 'and this life is in tinuing quality of conscious existence" by his Son,' 1 John 5:11. We believe that im virtue of the fact that eternal life has been mortality, or that quality of being which bestowed upon them, by the same token makes death impossible, is something be unbelievers do not possess "a continuing stowed on the believer at the resurrection quality of conscious existence," since they when our Lord returns" (page 15). do not have eternal life (1 John 5:12; 3:15). The second text offered to prove the It is evident that this argument proves too conscious fellowship of the believer after much, and hence proves nothing for Mr. death is John 11:25, 26, the main point be Martin's contention. But this is not all. Our ing that going beyond Lazarus, who be lieved on Jesus and had physically died, "Jesus lifts the veil and reveals that, in the It's what you learn after you know it all that realm of the physically alive, whoever be counts.—Author Unknown. lieves in Him shall never experience the greatest of all terrors, spiritual death" friend has yet to establish that the whole (page 121). The next paragraph shows that New Testament meaning of "eternal life" by "spiritual death" our friend means "loss includes "conscious fellowship." We sub of communion of fellowship as a spiritual mit that he has given no proof for this as entity." The fallacy of this argument is that sertion. Jesus said nothing about "loss of com Under this same section Mr. Martin says munion of fellowship," let alone about a that a case parallel to 1 John 5:11-13 "ob "spiritual entity," and these are the very tains in the context of John 5:24, where points that need to be established. the Holy Spirit informs us that a spiritually As with the preceding arguments, the ar dead man, passes by faith into spiritual or gument based on 2 Timothy 1:10 and Ro eternal life, but with no change in his physi mans 2:7, to the effect that "eternal life" is cal nature, thus indicating the dualism of "a conscious quality of spiritual existence" body and soul" (page 119). We fail to see how this passage necessarily indicates the Are you helping with the solution or contributing dualism of body and soul, but Mr. Martin to the problem? hastens to declare that "this completely re futes the general Adventist contention that everlasting life or immortality is bestowed (page 122), also assumes what it is under upon the believer only at the resurrection obligation to prove, hence proves nothing. of his body" (ibid.). This is a rather star We now come to Philippians 1:21-23. tling bit of logic. In essence, we are asked Again, Mr. Martin assumes what he is un to believe that an indication, which Mr. der obligation to prove, namely, that Paul Martin does not even claim to have estab "desired to depart from his body and to lished, completely refutes a contention. spiritually enjoy the presence of his Lord" What is this Adventist contention? Mr. (page 124). Our friend may think that Paul Martin says it is that eternal life or immor desired to depart from his body and go to tality is bestowed upon the believer only the presence of Christ as a spiritual entity, at the resurrection of the body. But this is but, as he realizes full well, "the Bible does not an Adventist contention at all. We do not say so" (page 122). not equate the terms "eternal life" and Adventists insist that "the Bible does not "immortality." This fact is singled out say so," not out of stubbornness, but for in the "statement," by H. W. Lowe, an the simple reason that this passage of Scrip Adventist, appearing on page 15 of Mr. ture says nothing about leaving the body Martin's book. In this statement Mr. Lowe and spiritually enjoying the presence of MARCH, 196! 21 the Lord. Not only this, but we believe Seventh-day Adventists believe that Paul that there are sound contextual reasons for is here referring to translation, that is, to holding the position we do, Mr. Martin's being taken bodily to heaven without see protestations to the contrary notwithstand ing death, as was Enoch (Heb. 11:5), Eli ing. jah (2 Kings 2:11), and as will be the liv It is a curious fact that while Mr. Mar ing saints at the Second Advent (1 Thess. tin lays great emphasis on the grammar of 4:17). This would truly be "far better" Philippians 1:23, which he claims "is gram than either this present life or death. It matically devastating to the Seventh-day would take Paul from this present mortal Adventist position," he passes lightly over state to the ultimate state without dying. the context and exegesis of the passage un The final passage that is cited to estab der consideration. Now, we do not for a lish the conscious existence of the believer moment admit that the grammar of the after physical death is 1 Thessalonians 4: phrase "to depart and be with Christ, 13-18. Mr. Martin says, "In verse 14, the which is far better" is at all devastating to Holy Spirit tells us that God intends to our position. On the contrary, we believe bring with Him (sun auto), that is, with that it is devastating to Mr. Martin's posi Jesus at His second advent, believing Chris tion, for the simple reason that the pas- tians who have experienced physical death" (page 125). Let us see how else Paul de scribes these "believing Christians" whom No one was ever honored for what he received. Jesus brings with Him. In verse 14 Paul Honor is the reward for what he gave. informs us that they are those which "sleep in Jesus." What does Paul mean by "sleep"? sage says nothing whatsoever about depart Mr. Martin volunteers an answer. He avers, ing from the body and spiritually enjoying "In every instance where the word 'sleep' the presence of the Lord, and this is what is used to describe death, it always refers Mr. Martin is trying to prove. to the body and cannot be applied to the But more than this, he significantly ig soul, especially since 'sleep' is never used nores certain portions of the context in with reference to the soul" (pages 125, 126). which this phrase is found. In the statement that precedes this phrase Paul declares that he is "in a strait betwixt two." The con God always gives His best gifts to those who leave text shows plainly that by "two" Paul the choice with Him. means "life" and "death." Therefore, the strait Paul was in was choosing between life and death (verses 21, 22). Now ac This statement makes it crystal clear that cording to Martin the believer "can never our friend believes that in "every" instance experience loss of communion of fellow where sleep describes death it "always" ship as a spiritual entity, though his body refers to the "body." Since the Bible plainly may 'become' dead" (page 121). Therefore, teaches that our Lord comes from "heaven" according to Mr. Martin's theory, whether at His second advent (1 Thess. 4:16; Phil. Paul lived or died "communion of fellow 3:20), Mr. Martin seems to have taken the ship" would continue right on, regardless. rather incongruous, not to say absurd, posi Mr. Martin implies that since Paul enjoyed tion of placing the sleeping bodies of be communion with Christ in life, and would lieving Christians in heaven, for it is those continue to enjoy the same fellowship after who "sleep in Jesus" that God loill "bring death, he was in a dilemma. This conclu with him," and Mr. Martin insists "categori sion would be logical were it not for the cally" that sun must mean "together with." fact that there is something that Paul de This is an impossible situation for our sires "which is far better" (verse 23). Far brother, for he must either admit that sleep better than what? Obviously, far better describing death does not "always" refer to than life or death. What was it? Paul says the body in "every" instance, or that the that it was "to depart, and be with Christ" phrase "bring with Him" does nor perforce (verse 23). Now, since departure to be mean "bring together with Him" from with Christ is better than either life or heaven. Thus we see that rather than re death, it is evident that death would not futing "the SDA teaching on the intermedi usher Paul into the "presence of his Lord" ate state of the dead," our friend has placed (page 124), as Mr. Martin says it would. himself in a dilemma of his own devising. 22 THE MINISTRY One thing is clear: Whichever horn of Notice to Writers the dilemma Mr. Martin takes, his conten tion that the souls of the dead in Christ Inasmuch as publishers must secure permission enjoy conscious fellowship in the inter from the owners o£ copyrighted material to print mediate state is not sustained. quoted matter appearing in books and periodicals, those who write for our denominational publica II. "Saul" and "Spirit?© tions should be particular to give the author, the book or magazine, the volume and page, the pub As Mr. Martin correctly informs us, the lisher and his address, for every poem or other original words from which the terms soul material he may quote. Such cooperation will save and spirit are translated are, respectively: countless hours in the editorial office.—EDITOR. Nephesh and ruach in the Hebrew, and psuche and pneuma in the Greek. These words occur about 1,600 times in the origi nal text and are used with a wide variety tual and spiritual nature when used in ref of meanings and nuances. Among the vari erence to living persons. But this is not the ous meanings are, "principle of life," point at issue. The point is: Where is the "breath," and "consciousness." evidence that the original words refer to Since the main issue under discussion is man's "cognizant, immaterial nature" after whether man's soul or spirit is eternal, we death? In other words, since the Bible says need only consider these words as they re that nephesh can die (Eze. 18:4, etc.), and late to man. A study of nephesh, ruach, ruach can refer to the principle of life psuche, and pneuma shows that when these (Gen. 6:16; 7:22; see marginal reading), words are used in reference to man, not it must be established that nephesh and once are they even remotely connected ruach have the meaning of "consciousness" with the idea of endlessness. This is a sig or "cognizance" before Isaiah 57:16, Zech nificant fact, one which any layman can ariah 12:1, Isaiah 55:3, and Genesis 35: verify with the aid of an analytical concord 18 can be used as proof that the soul or ance. Mr. Martin says that he quite agrees spirit has an independent conscious exist with the Adventist conclusion that "a care ence after death. ful study of all the adjectives used in Scrip What has been said about the original ture to qualify the word 'spirit' as ap Hebrew words for "soul" and "spirit" is plied to man indicates that not one even equally true of psuche and pneuma. The remotely approaches the idea of immortal New Testament teaches that psuche can die ity" (page 130). "But" he objects that " 'im (Rev. 16:3; Acts 3:23) and pneuma is the mortality' refers only to trie resurrection principle of life (John 6:63). Therefore, it bodv of the saints and to the nature of God must first be established that these Greek words mean conscious personality after death, before Matthew 10:28, Luke 8:55, Measure a man by the opposition it takes to 1 Thessalonians 5:23, Hebrews 4:12, and discourage him. Revelation 16:3 can be used to prove our friend's contention. Mr. Martin uses Philippians 1:23 as evi Himself" (ibid.). Be that as it may, we dence that when the soul or spirit, meaning wonder whether our friend agrees that the conscious personality, leaves the body at idea of "endlessness" is never predicated of death it goes either to the presence of the the words soul or spirit. If he does, and we Lord or into the place of punishment. In cannot see how he can help but agree, he the first place, these passages do not even has no Biblical basis whatsoever for his use the words soul or spirit. In the second claim that the soul or spirit is eternal. place, we have shown that Philippians does Mr. Martin claims that "such verses as not prove that Paul desired to die that he Isaiah 57:6, Zechariah 12:1, Isaiah 55:3 might enjoy the presence of the Lord as a and Genesis 35:18, belie the Advenlists' cri spiritual entity. As for Luke 16, we agree terion for determining the spiritual nature with Mr. Martin that "one does not develop of man" (page 127). This is interesting. a doctrine from a figure of speech" (page The only trouble is that it is not true. Sev 121), and for this reason we believe that enth-day Adventists are fully aware that the one should not develop a doctrine from a Hebrew words translated "soul" and parable, either. "spirit" frequently refer to man's intellec- (To be continued) MARCH, 1961 23 Evangelism in Australasia GEORGE BURNSIDE Ministerial Association Secretary, Australasian Division

ESUS our Lord said, "Go lead the audience night by night. As the J ye into all the world, and workers see the theory transferred into preach the gospel to every practice they quickly catch on. This pro creature" (Mark 16:15). In gram has also proved a great success in the our Lord's special book for mission fields with native workers, because His people in the last days fundamentally people are the same, regard He reveals His messenger as less of color or creed. Our task is to go to "having the everlasting gospel "every nation, and kindred, and tongue, to preach unto them that dwell on the and people" and preach the everlasting gos earth." For "it pleased God by the foolish pel. Therefore, our primary purpose is the ness of preaching to save them that believe" inspiring and instructing of consecrated (1 Cor. 1:21). preachers to preach God's message for the It is therefore apparent that our great last days. This work has resulted in winning need is for more and better preachers of the many souls to God. three angels' messages. To this end I have The type of campaign followed has been concentrated on a program of training short but intensive evangelistic meetings. young men in direct evangelism. In other These are conducted seven nights a week, words, our purpose is soul winning both plus Sabbath and Sunday afternoons. Thus in the present and in the future. we have nine public meetings a week, con How do we reach that objective? By go tinuing for either three or four weeks. ing into both large and small conferences What are the results? Not only have many and union mission fields, where we conduct accepted the message as a result of the an evangelistic campaign. For three hours campaigns but also many young men have each forenoon we hold a school of evange caught the vision of souls being won by lism, where we not only discuss the various direct evangelism through the preaching problems and techniques of evangelism but of the Word. also explain where we are endeavoring to A recent letter from the president of

The Bnrnside Mis sion Team, Christ- church, South New Zealand.

4- +

THE MINISTRY The Burnside Mission Team, Territory of New Guinea.

the West Fiji Mission, where last year we the way of souls, but I would say that even conducted an effort, reveals the results. if it is only a few, the flame that you kin This is typical of home and mission fields: dled just twelve months ago has now "The result was that we adopted from it a program that today is bearing fruit, for we have eleven missions running concur rently, three in Suva alone. When each man has filled his responsibilities we will have thirteen efforts operating. I would say that there are well over one thousand people hearing this message nightly. Each cam paign is based on the twenty-one-night schedule, and it is working extremely well. They have now been operating since Sun day, August 7, our opening date. "I have been really thrilled as I have journeyed around the field to witness at firsthand what these young men are doing. What impresses me perhaps more than anything is the fact that not one of them had had any experience whatever, but their willingness and enthusiasm to launch out is contagious. "You will be interested to know that practically all the material that is being used is what we took down on tape from your lectures. I had it all translated into Fijian, and each man has made it his own. While I cannot understand much of what they are saying, yet many of their gestures Evangelist Burnside proclaims the immutability of are reminiscent of you. It is too early yet to the Ten Commandments at the mission in Adelaide, give any estimate of what we may get in Australia. MARCH, 1961 reached fire proportion and is burning all ings, How to Teach the Truth, as Illus over this West Fiji Mission. Time only will trated by the Construction of the Bible, give the true estimate of the results." Presenting Daniel 8, Presenting the Sab During the discussion period with the bath, Evangelism as Heaven Sees It. young workers we consider such subjects We also consider how to deal with the as the following: arguments of: How to Get an Audience, Best Methods Jehovah's Witnesses, Mormonism, Pente- of Advertising—Free Advertising, Good Ti costalism, Roman Catholicism, Christadel- tles for Sermons, City, Small Town, and phianism, Arguments Used by Our Oppo Country Evangelism, Aids in Holding an nents, Difficult Texts, Epistle to the Gala- Audience, Length of Campaign, Advan tians, Epistle to the Romans, 2 Corinthi tages and Disadvantages of the Short and ans 3, Once Saved Always Saved, et cetera. Long Campaigns, The Opening Meeting, These latter subjects have been greatly The Order of Subjects, Personal Work, appreciated by our workers. How to Obtain Entrance Into Homes for Thus our program is geared for a greater Bible Studies, Filing Sermon Material, vision and better methods in the one im Preaching Essentials, Getting Names in an portant work for today, namely, preaching Evangelistic Campaign, Evangelistic Equip the three angels' messages and the saving ment, Appeals and Altar Calls, Aftermeet- of men and women.

Last Call to the Churches* VANCE HAVNER

T WOULD be a high day for our churches night while yet there is time? Why are the I if somehow they could be persuaded to saints so anxious to get their sleep while stop whatever they are doing long enough sinners revel all night, and church mem to hear our Lord's last message to them. bers stay up feasting their eyes on Sodom Again and again He repeats His exhorta and Gomorrah brought into the living tion: "He that hath an ear, let him hear room? Have we been numbed and stupefied what the Spirit saith unto the churches." by summit conferences and peaceful coex But we are so busy with our own enter istence and religious optimists saying, prises that we do not hear His voice. We "Peace and safety," while our destruction are trying to operate on a "business as draws nigh? The average New Year's Eve usual" basis, when neither business nor any observance in most churches is a pitiful thing else is as usual nor will anything commentary on how lightly we regard the ever be as usual again. It is an hour of sheer frightening times. A movie, games, a snack, desperation for America, for the world, anything to pass away the time, and then at for the cause of the gospel. The hour is too a quarter to twelve a little devotional. God late for much of what we are trying to do forgive us! in the religious world. We are trying to God has said, "If my people . . . then meet a short-term emergency with a long- will I." But who wants to humble himself, range program. We advertise "Service as pray, seek God's face, and turn from his Usual"—which may be what is the matter wicked ways? We are in no mood for that. with us! There ought to be an urgency be We cannot have that kind of prayer meet fitting the emergency, and the saints ought ings with congregations that would rather to be as desperate as the situation. play than pray. All-night prayer meetings can be staged like marathons, but what The Peril We Face kind of Christians are we that we do not Would you not think that in this hour voluntarily gather in intercession that con of mortal peril the churches would be filled tinues until we break through to God? with penitent worshipers, praying even all What would happen if our great church conventions would just once throw their * Watchman-Examiner. Used by permission. printed programs aside and go to their 26 THE MINISTRY knees in desperate prayer? If it be argued "He that hath an ear, let him hear what that such convocations are gathered for the Spirit saith unto the churches." Eight business, we ask, What greater business do times in the Gospels our Lord says, "He we have than to seek a visitation of God? that hath ears to hear, let him hear." Eight "He that hath an ear, let him hear what times in Revelation He says, "He that hath the Spirit saith unto the churches." Mind an ear, let him hear." To the Laodiceans He you, "unto the churches." The church is said, "If any man hear my voice, and open the body, the building, the bride, but here the door . . ." Observe the breadth of it: local churches are in mind. A lot of preach "// any man . . ." Observe the narrowness of ing about the church as an abstraction it: "If any man hear my voice, and open never gets around to the church on the the door." It is broad enough to include corner. The ideal becomes the enemy of everybody in the church, but it is limited the actual. There is no such thing as re in its fulfilment to those who hear His vival in general apart from the local voice and open the door. Anyone can start church. The man best qualified to judge a revival, but few ever do! Our Lord is whether or not we are having revival today waiting for someone, anyone inside the is the pastor, for any revival worth talking church, with an ear for God. Alas, we have about will show up in the local church. It ears but hearing, we hear not. We spend is the thermometer of the spiritual climate a lot of time these days studying how to anywhere. talk, when we need most to learn how to There are some who think God is by listen. After all, the Lord gave us two ears passing the churches, in too big a hurry to to hear with and only one mouth to talk plod along with local assemblies, and that with, for which, let us be thankful! He is using other movements to get the job What is the Spirit saying to the churches? done more quickly. God does sometimes "Repent!" But some churches are too big to use the irregular, but only to feed back into repent. Others are too busy. And others the regular. The local fellowship is the are too good. They have need of nothing. unit our Lord left to carry on His work, "Let sin be undisturbed. Do not roll away and at the very last chapter of the church the stone from Lazarus' grave lest an un age He is still speaking to visible congrega pleasant situation arise. Do not disturb the tions in definite places. God's program will status quo. Let well enough alone. Let never by-pass the local church. Achan keep his wedge of gold. Let the im moral brother in Corinth alone. Let Jezebel Grieving the Spirit set up her altar to Baal in Thyatira!" Oth ers grow discouraged and say that it is no "He that hath an ear, let him hear what use trying to bring churches to repentance. the Spirit saith unto the churches." We are Our Lord did not feel that way. Five of listening to everything and everyone except the Asian churches were in a lamentable the Spirit. We decide what kind of service condition, but the Christ of the candle we want, what kind of revival we want, and sticks patiently endeavored to arouse them. then we are disappointed if we do not have There are encouraging signs. For more it. We need to let God give us His pattern than twenty years I have been going up and from the holy mount. We write the score down the land from church to church call and expect the Holy Spirit to play it. We ing the saints to repentance. I do not be plot the course and expect Him to follow lieve in standing outside the local churches it. We expect the Almighty to sign on our and knocking them. I believe in standing little dotted line. within the churches exhorting them. There God is not signing on anybody's little are more open doors now than ever, and I dotted line. Are we so in love with our think it indicates that ministers and mem plans that we are unwilling to bow to His? bers of our churches are becoming aware Are we willing to throw them into the that for all of our increasing membership wastebasket if He offers a better one? and activity, something is seriously wrong Have we ever bowed to the absolute sover within our fellowships. We are doing every eignty of the Holy Spirit? Do we lie to Him, thing but the first thing: "He that hath an quench and grieve Him? Do we regard our ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto bodies as His temple? Have we ever been the churches." We have the churches. The Spirit-filled, or would we rather miss a Spirit is among us. Who will listen, hear blessing than give up a prejudice? His voice, and open the door? MARCH, 1961 27 RESEARCH-Theology, History, Science

The Apocalypse and the Day ot Atonement Part 1 DESMOND FORD Bible Department, Australasian Missionary College

RECENT years the posi seventh month, for the feasts of the JEWS were P tion of the Seventh-day typical of things to come. The Passover related Adventist Church on the anti- to the first coming of CHRIST, and the feasts of the seventh month to his second corning: his first typical day of atonement has coming being therefore over before this Prophecy come under heavy fire from was given, the feasts of the seventh month are evangelical scholars. Advent- here only alluded unto.1 ists have taught for more than a century that while the sacri The New Testament endorses this idea ficial offerings such as the lambs, the bul that the Jewish festival year prefigured the lock, the goat, et cetera, offered on Israel's entire Christian age. The typical genius great Day of Atonement foreshadowed our of the Old Testament economy, as every Lord's death on Calvary, the services in where recognized in the New Testament, general that day particularly typified the provides the foundation for this conclusion. final phase of Christ's priestly work. Other Furthermore, the inspired apostles specifi denominations, however, have usually ap cally apply the Jewish festivals in this way. plied the type as prefiguring the whole of For example, in 1 Corinthians 5:7 Paul Christ's work from the cross to His second alludes to the Passover as the type of the coming. This latter position is taken pri crucifixion of Christ. The Gospel writers in marily on the basis of Hebrews 6:19, 20; recording the events are also careful to 9:8, 12; 10:19, 20. point out that the climax to Christ's minis It is interesting to notice that there is try occurred in connection with the Pass also a third group who, while holding the over. But in Revelation 7:9 the redeemed second position described above, also be are pictured as standing before the throne lieve that the Day of Atonement has a spe "clothed with white robes, and palms in cial application to events immediately pre their hands." This was prefigured in the ceding the return of Christ. Such a concept Feast of Tabernacles, for in Leviticus 23:40 takes into account the chronological ar we read: "And ye shall take you on the first rangement of the Jewish typical year and day of the boughs of goodly trees, branches the fact that the book of Revelation in of palm trees, and the boughs of thick many places alludes to the Day of Atone trees, and willows of the brook; and ye shall ment by using imagery peculiar to that sol rejoice before the Lord your God seven emn fast day. The purpose of this article is days." In harmony with this is Christ's fre to demonstrate that the reasons for a special quent allusion to the harvest in connec latter day application of the Day of Atone tion with the end of the world. The Feast ment are sound. To this end significant of Tabernacles was also called the Feast statements from Scripture and from non- of Harvest, occurring as it did after the Adventist scholars will be quoted. completion of the gathering in of the year's More than two centuries ago, when com produce. The references in the New Testa menting on the Apocalypse, Sir Isaac New ment to Christ as the first fruits and the ton wrote as follows: time record of the occurrence of Pentecost The Temple is the scene of the visions, and the help to fill out this picture of the typical visions in the Temple relate to the feast of the significance of the Jewish ceremonial year.

28 TrrE MINISTRY A simple graph illustrates the point made hours and pains for Christ, this was shadowed by Sir Isaac Newton and other scholars on forth by the ordinance that immediately upon the this matter. seven days of tabernacles should follow a feast of the eighth day, the first day of a new week, in Typifying Significant Events of celebration of the beginning season of rest from Spring Festivals First Advent all the labours of the field. Most beautifully, thus regarded, does all else Passover Crucifixion connected with the feast of tabernacles correspond, First Fruits Resurrection as type to antitype, to the revelation of the last Pentecost Pentecost things, and therein reveal its truest and deepest Trumpets Rev. 8 and 9 spiritual significance: the joy, the reunion, the re Rev. 8:1-6; 11:19 joicing with son and with daughter, the fulness of Day of Atonement gladness also for the widow and the fatherless; Feast of Tabernacles Rev. 7:9; 14:14-19 and this, not only for those in Israel, but also for the stranger, not of Israel,—for Gentile as well as The spring festivals have always come in Israelite was to have part in the festivity of that for much attention and have been applied day; and, again, the full attainment of the most to the first advent with universal consent. complete consecration, signified in the tenfold Unfortunately the festivals of autumn have burnt-offering;—all finds its place here. And so not been given the same study emphasis. now we can see why it was that our Saviour de In a standard work on Leviticus in The clared (Matt. xiii. 39) that the end of this present Expositor©s Bible we have the following age should be the time of harvest; and how Paul, illuminating statement by Dr. S. H. Kellogg looking at the future spiritual ingathering, places as he turned his attention to the feasts of the ingathering of the Gentiles (Rom. xi. 25) as one of the last things. In full accord with this in the seventh month: terpretation of the typical significance of this feast We have already seen that the earlier feasts of it is that in Zech. xiv. we find it written that in the year were also prophetic; that Passover and the predicted day of the Lord, when (ver. 5) the Unleavened Bread pointed forward to Christ, our Lord "shall come, and all the holy ones" with Passover, slain for us; Pentecost, to the spiritual Him, and (ver. 9) "the Lord shall be King over ingathering of the firstfruits of the world's harvest, all the earth; . . . the Lord . . . one, and His name fifty days after the presentation of our Lord in one." then (ver. 16) "everyone that is left of all resurrection, as the wave-sheaf of the firstfruits. the nations . . . shall go up from year to year to We may therefore safely infer that these remaining worship the King, the Lord of hosts, and to keep feasts of the seventh month must be typical also. the feast of tabernacles"; and, moreover, that so But, if so, typical of what? Two things may be completely shall consecration be realised in that safely said in this matter. The significance of the day that (ver. 20) even upon the bells of the three festivals of this seventh month must be in horses shall the words be inscribed, "HOLY UNTO terpreted in harmony with what has already THE LORD!" 2 passed into fulfilment; and, in the second place, inasmuch as the feast of trumpets, the day of atone This long quotation has been given in ment, and the feast of tabernacles all belong to the full because Dr. Kellogg adequately pre seventh and last month of the ecclesiastical year, sents the reasoning of those who apply the they must find their fulfilment in connection with feasts of autumn to antitypical events as what Scripture calls "the last times." sociated with the second advent of Christ. Keeping the first point in view, we may then safely say that if Pentecost typified the firstfruits It might well be asked at this stage—how of the world's harvest in the ingathering of an then do such writers interpret the latter- election from all nations, the feast of tabernacles day significance of the day of atonement? must then typify the completion of that harvest And the same writer asks: in a spiritual ingathering, final and universal. Not Now, if the feast of tabernacles has been correctly only so, but, inasmuch as in the antitypical fulfil interpreted, as presignifying in symbol the com ment of the wave-sheaf in the resurrection of our pletion of the great world harvest in the end of Lord, we were reminded that the consummation of the age, does the prophetic word reveal anything the new creation is in resurrection from the dead, in connection with the last things as preceding and that in regeneration is therefore involved res that great harvest, and, in some sense, preparing urrection, hence the feast of tabernacles, as cele for and ushering in that day, which should be the brating the absolute completion of the year's har antitype of the great day of atonement? 3 vest, must typify also the resurrection season, when all that are Christ's shall rise from the dead at He then proceeds to suggest that the His coming. And, finally, whereas this means for antitype would be the repentance of literal the now burdened earth permanent deliverance Israel and her cleansing from sin. This view from the curse, and the beginning of a new age of the reclaiming of Israel as the event sig thus signalised by glorious life in resurrection, in nified in this connection is not peculiar to which are enjoyed the blessed fruits of life's la- (Continued on page 44} MARCH, 1961 29 PASTOR - Shepherding the Flock

The Funeral Service A. C. MARPLE Pastor, Silver Spring, Maryland, Church

F THERE is one great spiritual mark above weeping, and thine eyes from tears: for . . . they I all others that distinguishes the holy men of shall come again from the land of the enemy. the past, it is their complete confidence and as And there is hope" (Jer. 31:16, 17). surance in God. Think of Job as he speaks with Hope—what a wealth of meaning in a single surety: "I know that my redeemer liveth, and word! We are living in a world of sin without that he shall stand at the latter day upon the hope, in a world continually darkened by death. earth: and ... in my flesh shall I see God" (Job There are no homes into which this enemy does 19:25, 26). not come sooner or later and take away some And Paul sums up the confidence of all the loved one, leaving hearts broken and spirits witnesses for God in New Testament days when sad. There are no lives that death does not he declares, "I know whom I have believed, and touch. am persuaded that he is able to keep that which Although we live and work as members of a I have committed unto him against that day" group, when it comes to the crises of life, each (2 Tim. 1:12). person is an individual. We come into this "The test of our faith [and that of the people world as individuals and leave it the same way. whom we are leading] comes not on the moun- Each must solve his problems and bear his grief taintop, but in the valley; not in the light, but by himself. The help of a minister in times of in the darkness; not in the palace, but in the sickness and death is taken for granted. It is his dungeon. When we stand in the presence of duty to aid those who suffer bereavement to ad death—and the very word chills our hearts— just to reality again, and to direct their thoughts we who name the name of Christ may claim the to the Christian faith. Helping in the days of same assurance as did Job and Paul. Why not? such crises tests the ability of the minister. What had they more than we? They had no dif ferent foundation for faith. They had no dif The Variety of Cases ferent God. They had no different Saviour. It is During the comparatively brief period of my when we must commit loved ones to the earth ministry I have been called to serve as pastor that our hearts should ring with the truth, most and friend in a wide variety of bereavement sublime of all truths in the universe: 'I know cases. There was a suicide; an atheist; the tragic that my redeemer liveth.' 'I know whom I have triple death of a father, who was not a practic believed.' "—"We Sorrow Not as Do Others" in ing Christian, and his wife and their teen-age The Review and Herald, Jan. 27, 1949. daughter who were; the unexpected death of a What a contrast this "I know" is to the "I loved child; the death of a young mother dur don't know" of the world's greatest philoso ing childbirth; the untimely death of a young phers, who have ever been in doubt and un pilot who left a young wife and unborn child. certainty about the ultimate end of life. On ap There have been military funerals for sons proaching the great abyss each in turn has ad killed in Korea, for brothers killed in Europe, mitted that he has no knowledge of what is be as well as memorial services for sons and hus yond. But the Christian pastor knows. He has bands whose bodies were never found. Each an answer. type of service requires a different approach, "Thus saith the Lord; Refrain thy voice from but there is a fundamental sameness. 30 THE MINISTRY Cooperation Between Minister and Mortician in the preparation of a more personal approach The minister helping the bereaved must work to the service. In addition to the full name of in close cooperation with the funeral director. the deceased, secure the names of the immedi This is important. Each man has his special ate relatives, the place and date of birth of the function to perform, and each of necessity must deceased, the school or schools from which he understand the other. Usually the mortician graduated, the facts about his marriage and the will check as to the preference of the clergyman. children, information about his church life, facts He will ascertain whether the minister prefers about military service, if any, facts about the lectern for the service or to stand without it. fraternal affiliation, time and place of death, the He will determine whether the minister prefers favorite Scripture or hymn, and the personal the use of earth or flowers, in the committal attributes. service, or neither one, and he will avoid sug Funeral Message gestions as to the length or type of service. I prefer to divide the funeral message into In return the minister will thoughtfully re three parts. The first part is a tribute to the de frain from entering into the discussion con ceased, the second part is directed to the loved cerning caskets and funeral costs between the ones, and the third section is a general appeal funeral director and the bereaved. Ministers to all present. often face the problem of dealing with people of The service need not be more than fifteen to low income who during their time of bereave twenty minutes long. The funeral sermon ment—partly because of grief and partly be should be a personal one, having a beauty all its cause of pride—will select a too-expensive serv own. It is not to be preaching, but a brief mes ice. The problem can be solved in advance by a sage of comfort and hope. It is not an evange private consultation between the minister and listic service, but a pastoral message. The only the funeral director, since the funeral director is purpose is to comfort the sorrowing ones and limited in his knowledge of the financial stand prepare them for the days that lie ahead. The ing of the family. appeal is made to the heart. It should be both The Funeral Arrangements interesting and impressive, and it should con tain something tangible for the loved ones to If the pastor is present at the hour of death remember. As often as possible I use passages he will stay awhile to comfort the family. He loved by the family, but in any event the scrip may suggest that he return later to discuss ar ture used should command attention and be rangements for the funeral service. At a more easily remembered. convenient time the clergyman will return to The pastor's delivery determines the effective the home and talk with members of the family. ness of the service. He should be free from notes In this important hour the minister must be as and give a heart-to-heart message. He should skillful as the funeral director. During this visit speak clearly but never loudly. The messages he should secure the following information: should vary from one service to another, meet Where the service will be held, the date, and the ing human needs. Life-situation sermons are hour; whether another minister is preferred. If the most effective. so, who is to invite him. Will a fraternal order be present; will it take part. Will there be The Graveside Service music; if so, what kind. Who will secure the The climax of the funeral service is at the musicians. What hymns and favorite passages of grave. The keynote of the message must point Scripture are wanted. Is there to be a formal to the final emphasis on the resurrection of the obituary and who will prepare it. Where the in body and future everlasting life. terment is to be. Ask for suggestions about the Upon arrival at the cemetery the minister or service and whether there is anything else the ministers precede the casket to the grave. The church can do. mortician indicates the head of the grave, where When the minister leaves the home he should the minister will stand. When everything is leave the family with the feeling that a close ready he makes it known to the minister, who friend has been there, not a businessman. will then conduct the service. As to the length of the graveside service, it Preparing the Obituary need not be longer than five or six minutes, al Blackwood, in his book The Funeral, sug though the weather may determine this. The gests that the obituary should be prepared if most important thing is to send the people possible by some member of the family. If not, home thinking of life instead of death, and the he says, it will be necessary for the pastor to do hope of the future life rather than the loss they so. I have preferred doing this, for it helps me have suffered. MARCH, 1961 31 The order of service usually includes the fol low officer and the best friend of your son. I lowing: Reading of Scripture (John 11:25: want you to know what an inspiration his life Rev. 1:17, 18; 14:13; 1 Cor. 15:51-57); repeat was to all of us, and I would like to present you ing the committal; repeating the scripture, Rev with my gloves, for it was my hand that last elation 21:3, 4; and the benediction. After the touched the hand of your son in life. I with you benediction it is customary for members of the believe we shall see him again." family to go directly to the cars. However, they should be permitted to linger and talk if they so Funeral for a Suicide desire. If they seem uncertain as to what to do, One of the most difficult services any min the minister should offer to accompany them ister is called upon to conduct is that of one to their cars. who has committed suicide. When he gets word of such a tragedy and makes his way to the The Military Funeral home, he wonders what to say. What can he In reading the Army regulations we find that say? How can this difficult situation be met? the one in charge may be a regular chaplain. The first thing for any minister to do in a situa He may be assisted by a civilian clergyman or tion like this is to pray for guidance. When he the latter may serve alone. arrives at the home, he expresses his sympathy. The military funeral is made such by the When things quiet down and he has opportu presence of officers and soldiers in a body, show nity to talk to the bereaved, he could say some ing honor to a fallen comrade, and the carrying thing like this: "Your ———— was my friend. out of certain symbolic routines prescribed by We can both remember the good he accom Army regulations, or sometimes by personal plished during his lifetime. But he was worried esteem. and was certainly not himself. At a time like These regulations will deal only with the this it is good to recall the words of Abraham military part of the service, and will not inter who said, 'Shall not the Judge of all the earth fere with the religious part either at the church do right?' (Gen. 18:25). God alone can read or the grave. The civilian minister should feel hearts, and someday we will understand. Until free to consult with the chaplain concerning then we will leave it all in the hands of our proper procedures. If the civilian clergyman is Saviour, who is not willing that any should in charge of the service he should not in any way perish." give the chaplain the impression that he is not The funeral message is one that calls for com important. fort. This type of service will challenge the tact When the body is brought into the church, and ingenuity of any pastor. After the funeral the clergyman and the chaplain should pre the pastor can be a real help in guiding the cede the casket, with the honor guard lining loved ones as they make their spiritual readjust both sides of the walk. When the honor guard ments. They must be made to feel the warmth has filed in and been seated, the chaplain may of true Christian fellowship by all the members read the scripture and offer the prayer. The of the church. Suggested texts for such a time as clergyman delivers the funeral message. Re this are Psalm 87:6 and Isaiah 42:16. marks must be in keeping with the occasion, and the prayer should be appropriate. When the Cremation service is concluded, the honor guard files out The facts concerning cremation should be of the church and again lines up along the side come familiar to every minister. The term walk. The clergyman and the chaplain precede cremation relates to the practice of consuming the casket to the hearse. the body and then preserving the ashes. Only After the civilian service is completed at the about 3 per cent remains in the form of ashes. graveside, the military takes charge. The mili The place is called a crematory and it is fre tary salute of three volleys is given. Then the quently found in connection with a regular officer in charge, assisted by another soldier, cemetery. The ashes are contained in an urn takes the flag from the top of the casket and and the repose is in a columbarium. The min folds it into a triangle so that only the blue and ister may have reservations about such proce the stars show. It is then presented to the wife dures. The Jews especially regard this as im or mother. In one such service, after the flag was proper. But sooner or later a minister is likely presented to the young wife, the serviceman, a to be consulted about a cremation service, or fellow officer and close friend of the deceased, about what to do with the ashes that remain. upon seeing the grief of the mother, knelt be When the body is to be cremated the service fore her, and removing his military gloves from may be held the day before. It may be held in his own hands, said with emotion, "I was a fel- the late afternoon or in some cases at night. 32 THE MINISTRY Whenever it is, the service is very much the For Further Reference same as though the body were to be buried. The A Service Book (Chicago: The National Selected Mor ticians, 1943). final services are held after the cremation and BLACKWOOD. ANDREW WATTERSON. The Funeral (Phil are private at the columbarium. adelphia: The Westminster Press, 1942). CHRISTENSEN, JAMES L. Funeral Services (Westwood, N.J.: The difficulties are largely psychological. The Fleming H. Revell Co., 1959). DELONG, ARTHUR HAMILTON. Pastor©s Ideal Funeral Book clergyman who has always thought of death as (New York: Eaton and Mains, 1910). leading to burial may find in such circumstances IRION, PAUL E. The Funeral and the Mourners (Nashville: Abingdon Press, 1954). nothing but unreality. If this is the case, let him LEACH, WILLIAM H. Handbook of Church Management (Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1958). remember the following truths, which are spir WALLIS, CHARLES LANGWORTHY. The Funeral Encyclopedia itual and vital: (1) God is as near to bereaved (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1953). people in a columbarium as He is in a ceme tery; (2) people are just as much in need of comfort before and after the cremation service as would be the case if the deceased were bur Our Editor on the Amazon ied; (3) the clergyman should fix his eyes upon things that are unseen and eternal. In this way HAT interesting days these have been! only can he bring to needy hearts the comfort WTo visit our workers and members who that comes from God through the old way of the live and labor along this great waterway is cross, which is ever new. a thrilling experience. Here one sees life The minister must give hope beyond the without embellishments. "Life is what we tomb. Beyond the tomb there is resurrection— make it," they say, and these folks make it resurrection for all—life for those who have simple. As we meet our believers we are chosen it. Beyond the tomb there is reunion. impressed by the fact that their church Beyond the tomb there is restoration. buildings are neat edifices, in most cases far Ministering pastor, is the coming of Jesus better than the homes of those who worship your hope? Is He your Saviour? Your Re in them. One quickly observes the identifi deemer? Has His love touched your heart and cation marks of Adventism as he enters changed your life? Then you are ready to these places of worship. Even in the attrac bring brokenhearted men and women to the tive little church in the leprosarium there arms and the love of One who was also ac on the wall hangs the Sabbath school record quainted with grief. chart, recording thirty-two members with a Why? weekly goal of $40. But more impressive than the chart is the light in the counte I asked God, "Why?" nances of our people, young and old. That My anguished soul Had oft been tortured with this thought. was most noticeable in the leper colony. To Why did it happen, God, to them, be a leper is surely an affliction, but to be The dearest ones on earth to me? one of the nine hundred or more inmates of this hospital and yet not have "the You've wondered why, blessed hope" would be of all tragedies the A thousand why's. worst. It was heartening to find that the Your restless heart is seeking still manager of this particular leper colony, a An answer to its questionings; fine type of man, is also the local elder of Its ache is still unhealed, our Adventist church on the compound. The fountain of your tears unsealed. And how good it was to meet and pray with I cannot tell you why; these dear folks to whom the love of Jesus I do not know. means so much. I only point to One Last Sabbath we spent at Bogota in Co Who hangs upon a tree, sinless and pure, lombia. There we had the privilege of Bearing our sin, forsook of God, bringing God's message to two different Force from His lips the awful cry, congregations in two fine church buildings. "My God, My God, Why?" Meeting with our happy and devoted peo ple, it was difficult to imagine that many No answer came— He died that day. of them had endured severe trial and per Yet He had faith to trust His all secution for their faith. It is always hearten Into His Father's hand. ing to see young men carrying the burden He rose again; He's coming soon. of leadership. We left next day with a Then trust Him, friend, for the day is nigh sense of satisfaction after having been in When He'll give an answer to your Why. spired by a rehearsal of far-reaching plans MARCH, 1961 33 to take the Advent message into areas of ministers. In these parts one sees a whole this land as yet completely unentered. some relationship between the ministry and Arriving at Manaus, headquarters of the the membership that demonstrates the ideal Central Amazon Mission, we were delighted of an evangelistic church. R. A. A. to meet with our leaders. What an interest ing history this place has! And what thrills those early Spaniards must have had as they paddled their way mile after mile up this great waterway in canoes, not knowing just SOME BOOKS I CAN where the journey would end! The Ama zon is certainly unique among rivers, for RECOMMEND many of its tributaries are as big as the greatest rivers of other lands. But all along its banks and the banks of the great rivers T. A. Davis that flow into it are people who for the Editor, Philippine Publishing House, Manila most part live in poverty, people who until comparatively recent times lived with little The Problem of Pain, C. S. Lewis, The Macmillan or no medical help. Splendid work has been Company, New York, 1959, 148 pages. done for these river-dwellers by such self- A thoughtful book on a difficult subject. The sacrificing missionaries as the Halliwells author goes beyond the discussion of physical pain and those who have followed them. to encompass wider aspects of pain, such as We have been traveling in the Luzeiro trouble, tribulation, anguish, trial, and anxiety. IV, which is now the home of Brother and You will not be able to accept all the writer has Sister Willy Buchhammer and their little to offer, but you will find some worth-while views girl Liliana. These good workers are both regarding this universal problem. graduate nurses and have given their lives to serve these needy people. Our translator Does Science Support Evolution? E. Ralph Hooper, Evangelical Publishers, 366 Bay St., Toronto, has been B. R. Cavalheiro, treasurer of the Canada, 157 pages. mission. Wholesome hospitality was never If you are something of an authority on this better expressed than during these days. subject, this book may not interest you. But if The first night out from Manaus we ran you are an amateur looking for compact material into a violent storm. If this had been an with a punch, you will find it here, from admis ordinary river, even a big river, it would sions of the weaknesses of evolution by Haeckel have been just heavy rain accompanied by and Thomas Huxley to the ringing defense of vivid lightning and thunder. But on the Creation by Sir Winston Churchill. Amazon we were assailed by high waves, almost like an open sea, which came crash Christian Life and the Unconscious, Ernest White, ing against our little forty-five-foot craft. Harper and Brothers, New York, 1955, 190 pages. Our captain and his mate, however, were A great deal is being said and written these days equal to the situation, and finally got us about the part the subconscious plays in our lives. close enough to the bank where we were Many believe it has a great part in affecting our thoughts and actions. This raises the question moored until morning. having broad implications for the Christian: To Two fine church buildings are located what extent, if any, does the new birth affect the in Manaus, and a church school with forty unconscious? The author's efforts to answer this pupils is housed in the same building as question offer some very worth-while insights into the mission headquarters. Other schools are psychology and its place in Christianity. We highly dotted along the river banks. Looking into recommend this little volume to all our readers. the faces of these happy Adventist boys and girls, one can easily envision the churches The Case for Christianity, C. S. Lewis, The Mac of the future. Our work is growing encour millan Company, New York, 1958, 56 pages. agingly in these parts. This past year the This slim little book is worth while because of Central Amazon Mission set itself a goal the very simplicity of its approach. Beginning with the most basic, universally accepted standards of 200 baptisms. But under the blessing of o£ right and wrong, the author goes on to build God, and as a result of the sacrificial serv upon them his "case for Christianity." This small ice of a handful of consecrated workers, volume might prove especially helpful for mis more than 300 have joined the Advent sionaries working in areas where the understanding Movement, each to take his place in the of the people of the principles of Christianity ranks of lay workers led so ably by the and the existence of God is quite limited. 34 THE MINISTRY SHEPHERDESS - Her Vital Partnership

The Minister's Wife and Her Home * MRS. LESLIE HARDINGE Minister's Wife, Newbold Missionary College, England

"HE minister's wife is a Set a goal. It may be interrupted, but inter T;, homemaker plus—and how ruptions must be an accepted part of the min plus! ister's wife's program. However, have a goal, She is expected to be and and don't get frustrated if you can't reach it. do in her home what every 2. By keeping furnishings simple. Avoid other homemaker is and does, things that take a lot of dusting and care. but more! More is expected 3. By forming habits of tidiness in yourself of her than of others. (certainly) and (if you can) in the members of She has to run a good home, be an expert in your family, even if it takes years. The rule nutrition and a fine cook, rear children that are should be to clear up after each activity. Put models, be a receptionist, answering the door the book or paper away, straighten the pillows bell and telephone and dealing with numerous on the sofa when you get up, hang up towels.' inquiries, and she is, of course, a good hostess, Put clothes on hangers, et cetera. able at a moment's notice to whip up a de 4. By keeping clothing simple. Buy with an lectable meal. eye to easy care as long as it is consistent with How do you feel about it? good taste. Eliminate long hours at the ironing I have heard women say, "It is an imposi board. tion." I glanced lightly at an article in a 5. By watching your movements to conserve women's magazine last month, written by some steps and.energy. A basket or box taken around one who was asking the question, "What are while tidying up can eliminate going over the you doing to your minister's wife?" It was noth same ground to put things in their right places. ing but a complaint list by a minister's wife 6. By planning your menus a loeek ahead. In who resented her husband's calling. this way you save cooking time, money, and Another says, "He can do his work, and I'll do trips to the grocery store. mine and run the home; but job and home 7. By being a good hostess. The minister's must not mix." wife's entertaining is not so much the roast- But I have never heard a happy woman with-all-the-trimmings kind as the "Can't you make any of these remarks. I believe that the stay to dinner (supper, lunch)" kind, even if woman who accepts the inevitable fact that the you have to fix up a meal in twenty minutes. minister's home is not going to have the privacy Aim to become an expert at preparing a meal of other homes is the happy woman. at short notice. Keep a stock of things that can How Can We Cope With These be quickly made into a meal—canned health Extra Demands? foods, canned soups, macaroni products, canned or frozen fruits and vegetables. Always 1. By being efficient. The minister's wife's have lettuce, carrots, et cetera on hand to make home must run, not dawdle. You know as well an attractive garnish. as I that if you have to get to work, catch a bus, In Jamestown, Virginia, is the oldest church or meet an appointment, you do your work by that time. So this is our first rule for being ef in the United States, and there is a tombstone ficient. there from which I copied these words that charmed me. Of the parish clergyman, the * The second in a series o£ four articles. Reverend James Blair, it said, "He entertained MARCH, 1961 35 elegantly, in a cheerful, hospitable manner, ficiently when old enough, to identify them without luxury." Manses were the same in 1743 selves, obtain the caller's name, and to write as they are in 1961. The atmosphere of hospi down messages and telephone numbers cor tality will be achieved if you will practice the rectly. following: 4. To keep themselves in the background 1. Be always ready to receive callers. You when callers come, but to be pleasant and may expect callers from 6:00 A.M. till 11:00 entertaining when the occasion demands it. Ag P.M. and even beyond these limits. gressively and obtrusively unruly children cre Let the room where visitors are received al ate really bad impressions. ways be tidy. That doesn't mean that it must be a kind of reception room where no one else The Need to Be a Good, Financier goes. But insist that clutter be kept out, or We minister's wives didn't marry for money der in. •—obviously! But some women act as if they 2. Be tidy in appearance. This is one of the wish they had! Many a good man has been lost musts. She cannot afford to be seen in shorts to the ministry because his wife was not con or slacks or an unmended housedress. She tented with what she had. MUST look neat when she answers the door. Should the minister's wife work? Ideally, no; And it is possible. Have a mirror and a comb but sometimes necessity demands that she do so handy so that you can give yourself a two-sec for a time. Heavy tuition fees, the financial ond check over before answering the door! support of parents, et cetera, may make it neces Not only for the sake of her visitors but for sary. But these should be regarded as emer the sake of her family must she look tidy. Her gencies, and the earning of a second income as children's respect increases when she looks neat a temporary measure only. Sometimes the and tidy, and her husband is not tempted to school desperately needs a teacher, or the con ask, "Where is that neat and tidy girl I mar ference office a secretary, and the minister's ried?" wife is asked to fill the gap. This is a question 3. Be on time! Especially if you are enter each must work out as a personal consideration. taining a conference worker or fellow minister Sometimes the minister's wife is able to take who has to get to another appointment. Punc part-time work, perhaps give a few music les tuality is a priceless virtue in a minister's wife. sons, do occasional nursing, occasional supply 4. Be a good mother. Don't take on so many teaching, et cetera, and so help make ends of these extra things that you have no time to meet. But children want their mother to be at be a good mother. After all, the Lord on judg home, a minister wants his wife at home too, ment day is not only going to ask you about and the church wants its pastor's wife at home! your church members but chiefly about the chil Keeping our wants limited is the best rule I dren He has given you. And the way you bring know for keeping within the budget. Careful up your children is going to preach a stronger planning of food, home, and clothing needs is sermon than anything your husband may say in the answer. Good planning means that a min the pulpit. ister and his wife never spend more than they 5. Watch the worship hours. People will ex earn, and always put by a little each payday. pect you to be at church services, but don't let Realizing that every penny saved means more public meetings take the place of home wor for the Lord's treasury, helps us to economize. ship. Make religion attractive to your children The wife of a minister can do much if she will. in the home. If she possesses the spirit of self-sacrifice, and has There are certain things that a minister's a love for souls, she can with him do almost an child should be taught: equal amount of good.— Testimonies, vol. 1, p. 452. 1. To keep confidences. Although you do not The Lord has a wonderful way of supplying tell them the sordid and unhappy things that our needs if we determine to make the home come to you, they are bound to overhear a great an ideal home. deal. Teach them that they have a responsi The minister's home is a watched home. bility not to talk about these things. Members watch us. The community watches us. 2. To show compassion. Tell them to pray We are watched by angels too. Let ours be the for people in trouble, to be kind to all, espe sort of home that angels love to look into. cially to those who are younger, smaller, or Does the minister's wife feel overwhelmed weaker than they are. Show them how necessary sometimes with responsibilities at home, with it is to be respectful and helpful to the aged the care of children, calls from the church, the and the sick. need to do things to help her husband? Yes, she 3. To ansiaer the telephone politely and ef- may well feel burdened down, but she has a

36 THE MINISTRY ready Helper, One to whom she has been in souls of her children of as much value as the souls vited to take all o£ her cares and burdens. of the heathen? then let her tend them with loving care.—Gospel Workers, p. 206. Let the minister's wife who has children remem The influence of the mother who has a close ber that in her home she has a missionary field in connection with Christ is of infinite worth. Her which she should labor with untiring energy and ministry of love makes the home a Bethel. Christ unflagging zeal, knowing that the results of her works with her, turning the common water of work will endure throughout eternity. Are not the life into the wine of heaven.—Ibid. BOOKS - For Your Library

We Prepare and Preach, edited by Clarence Stone- those who have acquired an excellent knowledge lynn Roddy, Moody Press, Chicago, Illinois, 1959, of scripture and have a proper understanding of 190 pages, $3.25. the best methods of organization, yet they fail be I have often thought that it would be of practi cause they cannot deal with people tactfully. The cal value to know how the world's most effective problem is that of human relations. and successful ministers prepare their sermons. I How to Get Along with People in the Church would not be interested merely in the general is a book for those who wish to improve their homiletic principles that can be found in any text ability to work for and with others. Pastors, edu book, but I would like to learn the actual procedure cators, musicians, Sabbath school superintendents, that a man follows when he sits down at his desk teachers, and church officers will find guidance, and prepares his sermon message. helpful illustrations, and practical solutions to The new book, We Prepare and Preach, gives problems that appear daily in many church activ me that experience. Therein are revealed the prep ities and associations. This volume will also be a aration methods of eleven outstanding preachers source of strength to those who may feel that in the evangelistic field today. These proved pulpit their efforts for the Lord are not appreciated, masters have opened the private doors of their and to those who are charged with the responsi experience and told us how they do it. Here they bility of enlisting and employing the talents of share their secrets—their techniques and prepara others in the Master's service. tion formulas peculiar to their own personalities Study is given to how Christ dealt with people, and habits. the wise use of psychological principles, how to Because of their varied backgrounds and skills determine the proper approach toward different these ministers approach their sermon preparation types of people, direct and indirect procedures for in a variety of ways sufficient to meet the needs of successful leadership, work with people in groups, almost any man. They speak not from the "towers how to win the hard-to-reach, how to lead with of academic cloisters but from the throbbing, pul out demanding, and what to do when all other sating forums of life." For example, Robert G. Lee techniques fail. tells how he has developed his sermons for more Three pages of bibliography are given for ad than forty years. For those who are interested in ditional study. ANDREW FEARING expository preaching, the chapters by Harold J. The Human Problems of the Minister, Daniel H. Ockenga, the late Donald Gray Barnhouse, and Walker, Harper and Brothers, New York, 1960, Wilber Moorehead Smith will be of unusual value. 203 pages, $3.95. Others who share their years of experience are This is a volume that offers wholesome advice William Ward Ayer, Howard W. Ferrin, J. Lester on practically all the problems and tensions that Harnish, J. Vernon McGee. Alan Redpath, Paul confront the minister—a fresh revelation and in Stromberg, and J. R. W. Stott. Along with each sight into every aspect of his life in the modern section of preparation ideas a typical sermon has world. The author pulls no punches in his dealing been included by the author. with the human side of the man of God. We are Any theological student, young pastor, evange all aware that the enemy of our souls is endeavor list, or mature, seasoned preacher will find this ing to do everything possible to induce the servant volume both inspirational and of service. of the Lord to sin. Many subtle temptations come ANDREW FEARING to a clergyman that are peculiar to his life and How to Get Along zvith People in the Church, work. A. Donald Bell, Zondervan Publishing House, These counsels were given as a lecture series in Grand Rapids 6, Michigan, 1960, 159 pages, $2.50. a number o£ ministerial conferences. Daniel Walker What a blessing it is when the minister, church is pastor of the First Methodist Church in Oak officers, and members get along smoothly in all land, California, and also teaches homiletics at the their personal and church relations! There are Pacific School of Religion. MARCH, 1961 37 Then there was the voice of Herod, or the voice of indulgence. Finally the voice of the mob taunt NOW... 3 SIZES ing Jesus was the fickle voice of the people calling "Hosanna!" one day, and "Crucify him!" the next. Unbreakable . . . noise-free . . . lightweight . . . boilproof com The author then skillfully switches to "this voice munion glasses . . . 51.25 Doz. that comes to us from the cross, for this is the rl\CC sample of each size voice of love." Dr. Cranford deals with some thoughtful topics, Order from BRASS EflDDS CO. and at certain points presents some challenging your dealei things, about which preachers need to think a Dept. G. 70 Pearl Street Brookline 46, Mass. great deal more. At one point he tells the story of the minister who was asked, prior to a church service, "When will the service be over?" The min In the first chapter his discussion wrestles with ister wisely replied: "The worship of the congre the confusing situations in which a minister might gation ends at twelve o'clock, then the service just find himself when trying to sin piously. The chap begins." The obvious meaning is that after the ters "The Struggle to Love Our Enemies," "Com sermon people begin to think and to serve, until peting With Our Brothers," "Afraid to Be Radical," life's pilgrimage is ended. H. W. LOAVE and "The Right Thing at the Right Time" are full of sound, serious, and sobering advice. There The Cross Still Stands, by Alfred Foerssler, Baker is a helpful section on the "Clergyman's Family Book House, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 135 pages, Life" and one on "Spiritual Preaching and Ma $2.50. terial Comfort" which indicates that even though he is in the lower salary brackets, yet he is well I sat in the Pilgrim Lutheran church in St. cared for. Let the preacher always be cognizant of Louis a few years ago and heard the founder and his curious position of "preaching a gospel of the pastor emeritus of the church preach a sermon I cross from the comforts of a couch." Against such have never forgotten. Alfred Foerssler has the dis a background the gospel of sacrifice could sound tinction of having served this church for a full hollow. For example, how inconsistent it is for the fifty years (1907-1957). He is still active, in the life of his church. minister to sing "I'll go where you want me to go, dear Lord," and at the same time, underneath his For a man to found and pastor a church of breath to say, "If I can be granted the comforts I this size for a half century, and to leave it in a flourishing condition, is just about as high praise am accustomed to." The chapter on disciplined disorder reminds us as could be given to a man of the Word. This sort of work cannot be done by a man who does not that while we must have system, the nature of the keep his mind fresh and full with the living things minister's task makes it quite impossible to live by the cut-and-dried "brittle" rules of necessary of the truths he preaches. business. This book is written in an arresting style, This little book of 135 pages is written around familiar things in a warm, readable, compact style. has humor and a multitude of interesting narra Here are sermons on almost everything to do with tives of ministers and church work. It is rewarding the cross—the road to it, its location, the inscrip reading for any clergyman. ANDREW FEARING tion, the enemies, the prayers emanating from it, the companions surrounding it, the confessors who arose following it, the miracles that have followed The Seven Last Words, by Clarence W. Cranford, in its wake, the revelation of victory through the Baker Book House, Grand Rapids, Michigan, 78 cross, the blood of the cross, the stupendous claims pages, $1.50. of the cross, the Redeemer on the cross, the empty Dr. Cranford is the pastor of the Calvary Baptist tomb after the cross, and above all, the tremendous church, Washington, D.C., and is the author of a triumph of the resurrection. number of books. He was previously a working We commend this little book to all those who pastor in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and Rich believe with the readers of this journal that the mond, Virginia, and he was president of the Amer resurrection is the one bright spot on the horizon ican Baptist Convention, 1957-1958. of life. H. W. LOWE The author has an easy introduction dealing with "prevailing voices" in chapter 1. From there he proceeds to the loud-voiced crowd demanding that Jesus be crucified, and builds around the THE LITTLE GIANT HOTOMATIC phrase in Luke 23:23: "And the voices of them GAS WATER HEATER NO. 3 and of the chief priests prevailed." The voice of Will supply all the hot water needed for Caiaphas was the voice of expediency; the voice o£ Baptistries, Church Kitchens, Rest Rooms. Heats 450 CPH, 20 rise in temperature. Pilate was the voice of violence, which became the Inexpensive, too. voice of cowardice. It was when the crowd shouted, Write for free folder. Dept. M-24. "If thou let this man go, thou art not Caesar's LITTLE GIANT MFG. CO. friend: whosoever maketh himself a king speaketh 907 7th Street Orange, Texas against Caesar," that Pilate's blood turned to water. THE MINISTRY 1960 Ordinations for North America

Alabama-Mississippi Conference Georgia-Cumberland Conference T. H. BLEDSOE, pastor, Tupelo, Miss., district, 219 Mandalay CHESTER H. DAMRON. Under appointment for evangelistic Drive. Florence, Alabama. work in Thailand. J. O. TOMPKINS, pastor, Gulfport, Miss., district, Box 842, W. C. EARLE, JR., district pastor, 807 Kingston Road., Gulfport, Mississippi. Thomaston, Georgia. W. F. WRIGHT, pastor, Anniston, Ala., district, 605 Memory R, C. RUSSELL, district pastor, 202 Park Avenue, McMinn- Lane, Mobile, Alabama. ville, Tennessee. J, LEISKE, President ELDEN R. WILSON, district pastor, 2406 Spurgeon Drive, Waycross, Georgia. Alberta Conference A. C. McK-EE, President TED ANDREWS, Box 1032, Lacombe, Alberta, Canada. Greater New York Conference WALTER E. BERGEY, publishing secretary, Alberta Conference, 201-16th Ave., N.E., Calgary, Alberta, Canada. LUCAS M. DIAZ, pastor, Spanish Bay Shore church on Long Island, Box 343, Bay Shore, New York. DIETER P. HAIN, Stettler, Alberta, Canada. WILLIAM KING, pastor. Newburgh and Walden district, Rt. 1 , A. NORMAN How, secretary- treasurer, Alberta Conference, Box 122. Walden, New York. 201-16th Ave., N.E., Calgary, Alberta, Canada. EARL T. PREST, pastor, Mount Vernon and Central West- FRANK. SKORETZ, Box 733, Stettler, Alberta, Canada. chester churches, present address, Andrews University, GORDON C. SMEDLEY. Now a missionary in Burma. Box 201, College Station, Berrien Springs, Michigan. J. W. BOTHE, President G. ERIC JONES, President Allegheny Conference Idaho Conference CHARLES LEE BROOKS, pastor, North Philadelphia and Elm- EDWARD C. HARMS, 603 G Avenue. La Grande, Oregon. wood churches, 1636 No. 62d Street, Philadelphia, Penn RALPH W. MARTIN, 416 8th Ave. South, Nampa, Idaho. sylvania. A. J. GORDON, President JAMES WASHINGTON, pastor, Danville and Roanoke churchess 1230 Mercer Ave., N.W., Roanoke, Virginia. Kansas Conference WM. L. CHEATHAM, President DALE CHAFFEE, district pastor, 525 3d Street, Phillipsburg, Kansas. Arkansas-Louisiana Conference- JOHN E. GOLEY, district pastor, 1221 Pinecrest, Garden GEORGE, GREEN, 1513 Brookhaven, Jcmesboro, Arkansas. City, Kansas. P. I. NOSWORTHY, secretary- treasurer, Arkansas-Louisiana L. H. OPP, district pastor, 1036 Madison, Great Bend, Conference, P.O. Box 5548, Shreveport, Louisiana. Kansas. J. J. SWINYAR, R.F.D. 1, Box 195, Siloam Springs, Arkansas. E. C. WINES, principal, Enterprise Academy, Enterprise, WAYNE W. WELLBORN, Book and Bible House manager, Kansas. Arkansas-Louisiana Conference, P.O. Box 5548, Shreveport, F. O. SANDERS, President Louisiana. I. M. EVANS, President e Conference HARVEY C. T. JOHNSON, Box 825, Moncton, New Brunswick, British Columbia Conference Canada. ALEX R. HALL, Box 1511, Alberni, British Columbia, Canada. VICTOR SHIPOWICK, R.R. ^ 3, Sydney, Nova Scotia. M. D. SUITER, Box 10, Mission City, British Columbia, L. L. BOCK, President Canada. G. O. ADAMS, President Michigan Conference RICHARD HUTCHISON, pastor, Fremont, Ludington, and Carolina Conference Shelby churches, Route 4, Box 276-A, Fremont, Michigan. RALPH TRECARTIN, assistant Book and Bible House manager, O. E. HANNA, Route 6, Raleigh, North Carolina. H. V. REED, President pastor of Holt church, Route 45 Box 8-A, Eton Rapids, Michigan. Central California Conference N. C. WILSON, President RONALD D. GORDON, pastor, 112 Hoover Street, Coalinga, Montana Conference California, EDMUND JONES, now c/o Arizona Conference, Box 10097, FRANK G. McMuRRY, pastor, 1803 Riverside, Kingsburg, Phoenix, Arizona. California. G- E. TAYLOR, President D. E. VENDEN, President Nebraska Conference Central States Conference J. W. BASSHAM, 4619 Bancroft, Lincoln 6, Nebraska. ODELL W. MACKEY, publishing secretary, Central States Con C. F. COOK, 1127 North Minnesota, Hastings, Nebraska. ference, 2528 Benton Blvd., Kansas City 27, Missouri. R. S. WATTS, JR., 3018 Avenue F, Scottsbluff, Nebraska. W. W. FORDHAM, President J. L. DITTBERNER, President Colorado Conference Nevada-Utah Conference T. E. BABER, Book and Bible House manager, Colorado ROBERT DALE, P.O. Box 777, Moab3 Utah. Conference, 2520 South Downing, Denver 10, Colorado. E. R. OSMUNSON, President R. A. GONZALES, pastor-evangelist. Box 187, Monte Vista, Colorado. New Jersey Conference W. B. HUNT, publishing secretary, Colorado Conference., DR. JOSEPH HENNE, 10 Henry Street, South River, New 2520 South Downing, Denver 10, Colorado. Jersey. J. F. LiTTLEFiELD, pastor-evangelist, 800 Grand Avenue, LEE ROY TRIPP, 421 Hemlock Road, Mount Holly, New Canon City, Colorado. Jersey. R. S. JOYCE, President M. K. ECKENROTH, President East Pennsylvania Conference New York Conference D. D. BALDWIN, educational and temperance secretary, East JOSEPH S. BLAHOVICH, pastor, Wayland district, 203 East Pennsylvania Conference, 720 Museum Road, Reading, Naples Street, Wayland, New York. Pennsylvania. ROGER H. FERRIS, pastor, Oswego district, Rt. 6, Oswego, H. E. ROBINSON. Under appointment to Lebanon for evan New York. gelism. CARL R. JOHNSON, pastor, Olean district, Hinsdale Road} ARTHUR KIESZ, President Rt. 1, Box 370, Olean5 New York. ROSCOE W. MOORE, President Florida Conference R. A. McCuMBER, pastor-evangelist, Rt. 1 3 Box 706, St. North Dakota Conference Augustine, Florida. MALCOLM D. GORDON, district pastor, Box 846, Beach, North ERNESTO SANTOS, pas tor- evangelist, 1010 N.W, 24th Avenue, Dakota. Miami, Florida. ADRIAN E. ZYTKOSKEE, educational and Missionary Volunteer J. R. STANLEY, pastor-evangelist, 105 N.E. llth Street, secretary, North Dakota Conference, Box 1491, Jamestown, Homestead, Florida. North Dakota. H. H. SCHMIDT, President K. D. JOHNSON, President

MARCH, 1961 39 Northeastern Conference Southern New England Conference S. A. HUTCHINS, 115-59 199th Street, St. Albans, New RICHARD P. FABER, Main Street, Salisbury, Massachusetts. York. RICHARD C. DOUGLASS, 88 Milton Drive, Meriden, Con SAMUEL O. TAMES, 177-51 Troutville Road, St. Albans, New necticut. York. KENNETH W. HUTCHIXS, 210 Wendell Avenue, Pittsfield, H. D. SINGLETON; President Massachusetts. MERLE L. MILLS, President Northern California Conference Texas Conference NORMAX GOODWIN, associate chaplain. St. Helena Sanitarium. associate pastor Sanitarium church. 645 Main Street. St. JAMES E. ANDERSON, 2208 S wisher Street. Austin, Texas. Helena. California. TOM CARTER. P.O. Box 851. Nacogdoches, Texas. ROBERT HAMPEL, associate pastor. North Sacramento-Linda B. E. LEACH. President Heights district, 5761 San Ardo Way. North Highlands. California. Upper Columbia Conference MALCOLM MAXWELL, pastor. Fortuna church, 2400 Kenmar HAROLD KAUFMANN, pastor. Colville, Chewelah. and North- Road, Fortuna. California. port churches, 826 East 2nd, Colville, Washington. MOSES L. MAYNE, pastor, Berea church and Pittsburg com A. L. MOORE, pastor, Oroville and Tonasket churches. Box pany, 535 Ridge Avenue. Vallejo. California. 548. Oroville. Washington. CARL BECKER, President C. M. BUNKER, President

Northern New England Conference Washington Conference PAUL G. SMITH, now at Bradly Lane ; Atholton Manor, NORMAN F. CHAMBERLAIN, 3339 Academy Drive, Auburn, Ellicot City, Maryland. Washington. A. E. MILLNER, President ERNEST F. WATERS, Box 266, Snoqualmie, Washington. N. R. DOWER, President Ohio Conference LEE LEWIS, leader, Athens district, Vore Ridge Road, Rt. 2. West Virginia Conference Athens, Ohio. O. L. PARISH, leader, Fairmont, Morgantown, and Mason- MELVIN E, MATHERS, leader. Defiance district, R.R, 3, Box town districts, Rt. 5, Box 276, Fairmont. West Virginia. 27. Defiance, Ohio. A. J. PATZER, President D. W. HUNTER, President

Oklahoma Conference MELVIN L. AXT, 506 18th Street S.E.. Austin, Minnesota. CHESTER L. JORDAN, 305 West Cheyenne Place, Bartlesville, Oklahoma. W. A. DESSAIN, President

Ontario-Quebec- Conference F. G.. BELL,ELL, pastor-pasor- evangelist,evanges, Sarnia,arna, Chatham,aam, anand Dresdenr A Prayer istricts,scs, 34 Greyrey Crescent,rescen, Sarnia,arna, Ontario,naro, Canada.anaa. A. B. FERRIER, pastor-evangelist, Simcoe, Six Nations, a Lord, Thou knowest better than myself that I am getting older and may someday be old. Keep me from getting talkative, and particularly from the fatal habit of thinking that I must say some Oregon Conference thing on every subject on every occasion. JOHN TODOROVICH, pastor, Sutherlin district, Rt. 1, Box 165, Sutherlin, Oregon. Release me from craving to straighten out every ARVIN W. WINKLE, associate evangelist, Hood River area, body's affairs. With my vast store of wisdom it Rt. 3S Box 490, Hood River, Oregon. seems a pity not to use it all—but Thou knowest, H. L. RUDY, President Lord, that I want a few friends at the end. Potomac Conference Make me thoughtful, but not moody, helpful, LESTER CARNEY, 715 Davis Street, Radford, Virginia. but not dominating. DONALD STUTLER, 309 Easter Drive, Danville, Virginia. H. J. CAPMAN, President Keep my mind from the endless recital of details; give me wings to get to the point. South Atlantic Conference Seal my lips on my aches and pains. They are I. L. HARRELL, 114 North Gadson Street, Ocala, Florida. JOSEPH HINSON, P.O. Box 92, Fort Lauderdale, Florida. increasing, and my love of rehearsing them is be FRED PARKER, 3601 Collier Road, Augusta, Georgia. coming sweeter as the years go by. I ask for grace FRANK A. STOKES, 824 Alyson Street, Riviera Beach Heights, West Palrn Beach, Florida. to listen to the tales of others' pains. Help me to J. H. WAGNER, President endure them with patience. Teach me the glorious lesson that occasionally Southeastern California Conference it is possible that I may be mistaken. ROBERT B. GRADY, associate pastor, La Sierra church, 11680 Richmond Street, Arlington Station, Riverside, California. Keep me reasonably sweet. I do not want to be GORDON HENDERSON, singing evangelist, Box 584, Arlington, a "saint"—some of them are hard to live with— California. R. C. BAKER, President but a sour old man or woman is one of the crown ing works of the devil. Southern California Conference Help me to extract all the possible fun out of JERRY DILL, member of Voice of Prophecy quartet, 1500 East Chevy Chase, Glendale 6, California. life. There are so many funny things around me, I. E. GILLIS, business manager of Voice of Prophecy, 1500 I don't want to miss any of them. East Chevy Chase, Glendale 6, California, FRED HERNANDEZ, 2319 West Avenue 33rd, Los Angeles 65, Make me appreciative of the service of others California. and keep me free from being too dogmatic, re TIMOTHY IWAHASHI, 5475 Mesmer Avenue, Culver City. California. membering ever that we may have assurance with M. T. JOHNSON, 2644 Hollister Terrace, Glendale 6, Cali out a display of dogmatism. fornia. WAYNE JONES, 2401 East Glenoaks, Glendale 6, California. So shall I be serene, kind, and pliable until ALDINE H. MILLER, 1559 Rosita Drive, Simi, California. the last. Amen. DON MULVIHALLJ 129 Sinclair, Glendale 6, California. CREE SANDEFUR, President —Adapted 40 THE MINISTRY VEGETARIAN FOODS

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MARCH, 1961 41 NEWS -- From Current Journals

[Unless otherwise credited, the following news items are the nature of man as a free agent, and the nature taken from Religious News Service.] of the church as an experience of faith, a volun f, An Anglican bishop charged before 500 persons tary relationship. "I feel that it is not the responsi in Toronto, Canada, that early marriages are rob bility of the church to provide for the general bing Canada of the leaders it needs. Bishop R. S. education of the public," he added. "It is certainly Dean of Cariboo told a diocesan vocational confer not the responsibility of the state to provide re ence that "many brilliant young men to whom God ligious education for the church." gave an 'A' mind (were) satisfied to finish college f Local history was made in Brighton, England, with a 'B,' " a lower grade resulting from obligations when Anglicans and Free Churchmen joined Ro to a wife and children. One of the workshop groups man Catholics in supporting a claim made by a disagreed with the prelate, claiming marriage itself Catholic college to have a number of free scholar was a vocation. Those for whom such a vocation was ships provided out of municipal funds. Seventy willed by God would be helped to get through their Catholics packed the gallery of the council chamber studies, the youths countered. The prelate, however, and cheered when the education comnrittee de labelled their "if God wills it" approach as a "kind cided in favor of the school, run by the Xaverian of blasphemy." "I waited seven years to marry be Brothers. Among those who supported the school's cause I could not bear the idea of going through claim was the Reverend H. A. Hamilton, a Congre college bumming on my wife." gational minister, who commented afterward: *[ An American Baptist leader declared in Okla "Fifty years ago it would have been quite certain homa City, Oklahoma, that the election of John that anyone speaking as a Free Churchman would F. Kennedy (D. Mass.) placed the nation's Bap have opposed this motion on principle. I can no tists in a "strategic position" to promote their longer do that. I would like to feel, as one who views on religious liberty. The Reverend W. Barry has been a member of a Church that in the-past Garrett of Washington, D.C., associate director of has been persecuted and denied religious privilege, the Baptist Joint Committee on Public Affairs said, that we are erring on the side of tolerance." "Mr. Kennedy campaigned on the Baptist doctrine f Two Protestant missionaries hacked to death by of separation of Church and State. . . . He was Baluba tribesmen in North Katanga are believed elected," continued Mr. Garrett, "if you look at to have been victims of cannibals. Bodies of Elton the record, by a combination of Catholic and Bap George Behrent Knaus, 50, of New Plymouth, New tist votes. I believe that we Baptist people face an Zealand, and Edmund Hodgson, 62, of Blackpool, unprecedented opportunity the next four years to England, have not been found by United Nations convey to the people what we believe about re patrols searching since the disappearance of the ligious liberty. We can come out at the end of veteran missionaries. Both men served under the these four years in the most favorable position we Congo Evangelistic Mission, whose headquarters have been in for some time." Mr. Garrett also pre are in Lancashire, England, Reliable sources said dicted that in the next several years, "the major the UN troops had received eyewitness reports by battle we're going to have to fight is federal aid to tribesmen of how the two missionaries were at parochial schools. Religious liberty," he said, tacked with machetes and put to death near Mu- "means basically a free and unhindered response kaya, a small village about 150 miles from Albert- to God." He outlined the Biblical basis for reli ville. The UN forces were asked to aid in the gious liberty as lying in the sovereignty of God, search by the British Consulate in Elisabethville after the two men were reported missing for two days on a routine visit to an outlying post. Mr. Knaus's wife and three children have gone to Kitwe, Northern Rhodesia, to stay with friends. GOSPEL TENTS Mr. Hodgson was a widower. STEEL-CLAD TABERNACLES «; Dr. Carl Mclntire, president of the International SMITH MANUFACTURING CO., DALTON, GA. Council of Christian Churches, an ultra-fundamen Over 50 Years in Business talist group in Collingswood, New Jersey, charged that the visit between Pope John XXIII and Angli- 42 THE MINISTRY Slides

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MARCH, 1961 43 less fortunate families. The idea, explained Chap lain Ranson B. Woods, was for congregation mem bers to take the money and use it to help give others a joyous Christmas. "You should have seen the looks on their faces," Mr. Woods said of the congregation. "Some were skeptical of the whole thing . . . and others were just plain flabbergasted." The chaplain, who announced he plans to repeat the project, said that of the 130 persons present at the first service only 88 took one of the bills. He WE REPRESENT EIGHT OF declined to say how much the anonymous donor THE WORLD©S URGEST had contributed. Mr. Woods said the donor asked MANUFACTURERS OF ALTAR only two things—that each recipient write an anon APPOINTMENTS AND ymous letter telling how the money was used and COMMUNION WARE read the verse in Matthew 25:40 which declares: "In asmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least National • Sudbury of these my brethren, \e have done it unto me." f. A stricter Sunday law listing specifically items International Silver that may be sold on the Lord's Day, and making no Gorham Silver exceptions for persons who observe Saturday as Rostand Brass their Sabbath, has been proposed to City Manager Ancil M. Douthit by a group of Little Rock mer Revell-Ware chants. Items which would be permitted to be Kensington sold include milk, bread, cakes, fresh fruits, cooked St. Louis Silversmiths foods, soft drinks, ice cream, tobacco products, drugs and medical supplies, toilet goods, film, news papers and periodicals, gasoline and oil for motor vehicles. Among businesses that would open on Sunday are hotels, restaurants, public utilities, rec reation and cultural facilities, hospitals, florists, and morticians. Sunday closings in Little Rock are now covered generally by an 1875 ordinance that exempts certain businesses such as drugstores. The city also has a special four-year-old law that re quires grocery stores to close unless owned and operated by persons who do not observe Sunday as their Sabbath. The Apocalypse and the Day of Atonement can Archbishop Geoffrey Francis Fisher of Canter (Continued from page 29} bury was "a tragedy of the first magnitude, for it Dr. Kellogg but has been echoed by several. confuses the true way of salvation. Eternal life may These same scholars generally apply the be received only by faith," Dr. Mclntire said. "The Feast of Trumpets to the warning message Protestant and Roman systems present irreconcil of the approaching advent of Christ, and able ways to heaven." Noting that the ICCC is Matthew 24:14 is often quoted in this re opposed to any potential rapprochement between Protestantism and the Catholic Church, he claimed gard. that the Vatican meeting "was a carefully calculated The above constitutes evidence that it move in the long range program of the ecumenical is not a peculiarly Adventist view that rep movement in Protestantism to build a one-world resents the day of atonement as having church." He said, "True Protestant forces around special application just prior to the second the world are challenged to stand against any ac coming of Christ. As we inquire further commodation to the Catholic Church. The tombs let us note particularly the Apocalypse. of the Reformers buried in Westminster Abbey," There are a number of references in Reve he continued, "should be shaking enough today to lation that employ day of atonement imag crumble that Protestant citadel. These martyrs died for the primacy of Scripture over the author ery, and non-Adventist scholars have ity of the church." drawn attention to these. ____ (To be continued) •j Collection plates heaped with S5 bills were 1 Sir William Whitla, Sir Isaac Newton©s Daniel and the passed out by ushers at a Protestant service at Per- Apocalypse, pp. 308, 309. rin Air Force Base in Dennison, Texas, after "an - S. H. Kellogg, The Expositor©s Bible The Book of Levit icus, pp. 468-470. anonymous Christian" provided the funds to help 3 Ibid., p. 470. 44 THE MINISTRY For everyone who loves to study the Bible The Seventh-day Adventist COMMENTARY REFERENCE SET The Bible Commentary in seven volumes— nearly 8,000 pages

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MARCH, 1961 47 PULPIT - Pointers for Preachers

REVERENT A WELL-KNOWN clerical editor of disappeared." This last statement may not be as bad RESEARCH two journals was recently writing as it looks, and we must allow for exaggerations in a third journal, Theology, and in areas where the disputants feel keenly about the in the course of a startling article he made the value o£ public evangelism on the one side and its statement that he laments the number of people limitations on the other. However, no one can be who have ceased all creative thinking by the time wholly optimistic over the fact that so many people they are twenty-five. who accept Christ in large public gatherings slip The author had the ministry particularly in away for various reasons afterward. It could be that mind, and if his startling lament shocks us, so be it! the church follow-up or conservation work is not There is an enormous amount of truth in what what it ought to be. It could be that our preaching the author states. How few of us are doing our does not sufficiently inspire and ground people into own thinking today. the truths of the gospel. It could be that in follow A well-known Christian columnist told the story ing up the work of large campaigns we do not suffi of a brilliant student companion of his college days ciently consolidate, or that we expect too much from who seemed to have disappeared entirely from new converts. Whatever may be the causes of these life, although he knew he was a preacher in some losses, it is a matter for deep concern on the part part of the world. One day he ran across him and of every branch of God's church. H. w. L. visited his home. Sitting in the preacher's home in a little country town, the famous columnist saw PASSIONLESS IN A RECENT issue of the Church at once the reason for his friend's obscurity. "I THEOLOGY Missionary Society News Letter think," said the columnist, "that Bill had not published in London, England, bought six books since he finished college twenty there appeared a strong commendation of a book years ago!" entitled Christianity, Communism, and History, by This may explain why some preachers, partly William Hordern, published by the Latterworth by natural inclination and partly under the pres Press, London. We are not necessarily recommend sure of their work, so often cease to study and do ing the book, but we are calling attention to one research in the great fields in which a preacher conclusion of the author. must live if he is to be successful. He calls Communism a religion, and says, "It is Someone has said that no one can escape the as a religion giving meaning and hope to life that responsibility to be, in his own little way, a reverent Communism is most dangerous. Communism calls research student to the end of his days. Why fanatical followers to work for a better world. In should there be more objective research in the this crusade they find a meaning and destiny for laboratory than in the study and the sanctuary? themselves." Then the author goes on to say that To explore the science of salvation is to live a if the Western world loses the struggle with Com reverent and adoring life. H. w. L. munism, it will not be because the Communist world has outproduced the West, but because in the CONSERVATION A DISTURBING report of the West we have been "less dedicated and less inspired IN EVANGELISM follow-up work of large- by our religious faith than the Communist world." scale evangelism in Scot It sounds a little tragic for Christian leaders to land has appeared in the form of a book by Dr. have to talk in that way, but what thoughtful man John Highet, of Glasgow University. The book car can escape that conclusion? ries the title The Scottish Churches. A "well-known editor has called attention to some The author thinks that Christians need disturb words of the distinguished Dr. J. S. Stewart, used ing about the state of evangelism in the churches. in another context but very germane to this discus He thinks they are living in a rosy optimism, with sion. "It is no use," says Dr. Stewart, "in a day where out knowing how dark the religious situation really spirit forces of passionate evil have been unleashed is. He speaks of elaborate campaigns such as the upon the earth, and when fierce emotions are tear "Tell Scotland" movement and the "All-Scotland ing the world apart, it is no use having a milk-and- Crusade" by Billy Graham. water passionless theology. No good setting a tepid In one report it is said that some forty "converts" Christianity against a scorching paganism. The went back to a certain church with cards of intro force of the demonic has to be met with the fire of duction after the campaign, but none of them re the Divine." H. w. L. mained. "Of members of this particular church that attended this campaign, it is said that none has been a better member, and quite a few have A man is known by the company he keeps out of. 48 THE MINISTRY