The Lived Experiences of an Injured Athlete and Members of a Performance Management Team During Injury Rehabilitation
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University of Wisconsin Milwaukee UWM Digital Commons Theses and Dissertations December 2015 The Lived Experiences of an Injured Athlete and Members of a Performance Management Team During Injury Rehabilitation: an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis Courtney Wynne Hess University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Follow this and additional works at: https://dc.uwm.edu/etd Part of the Health Services Administration Commons, Kinesiology Commons, and the Psychology Commons Recommended Citation Hess, Courtney Wynne, "The Lived Experiences of an Injured Athlete and Members of a Performance Management Team During Injury Rehabilitation: an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis" (2015). Theses and Dissertations. 1033. https://dc.uwm.edu/etd/1033 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by UWM Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of UWM Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF AN INJURED ATHLETE AND MEMBERS OF A PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT TEAM DURING INJURY REHABILITATION: AN INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS. by Courtney W. Hess A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Kinesiology at The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee December 2015 ABSTRACT THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF AN INJURED ATHLETE AND MEMBERS OF A PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT TEAM DURING INJURY REHABILITATION: AN INTERPRETATIVE PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS. by Courtney W. Hess University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2015 Under the Supervision of Barbara B. Meyer, Ph.D. In response to an ever growing understanding of the biopsychosocial nature of health and well- being, multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approaches to rehabilitation have grown in acceptance over the past decade. Studies that have explored the effect of these two approaches have found them to be effective in improving rehabilitation outcomes (McAlister et al., 2001; Tur et al., 2003). Although they have been shown to be objectively effective, the impact that these approaches have on the lived experiences of the team employing them, and the athlete or patient they serve, is not well understood. As such, the purpose of the current study was to investigate the lived experiences of the same members of a performance management team (PMT) through two separate injury Cases. Members of the same Australian Slopestyle Ski PMT (N=5) were asked to participate in the current study. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) framework was utilized (Smith, Flowers, & Larkin, 2009), and as such, in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with each member of the team. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using guidelines given by IPA scholars (Smith et al., 2009). Analysis of transcribed interviews revealed three higher-order themes that remained consistent across the two injury Cases (i.e., sociocultural context, team functioning, individual human struggle). Although the themes remained consistent, the essence of those ii themes changed considerably across the two Cases, highlighting the varied lived experiences for all members of the PMT. Analysis of the two Cases revealed that the lived experiences of the participants changed as a result of participants’ appraisal of the sociocultural context around them, and the consequential focus on either their own individual struggles (i.e., Case #1), or the team’s functioning (i.e., Case #2). The approach to injury rehabilitation in Case #1 resembled previous definitions of a multidisciplinary team (Melvin, 1980), while the approach in Case #2 resembled an interdisciplinary team approach (Körner, 2010). Results suggest that an interdisciplinary approach should be used when possible, as it facilitates improved team functioning and more positive lived experiences for all team members. Findings will be discussed in light of relevant literature, and implications for research and professional practice are discussed. iii To Andrew & Aaron, your courage inspires me every day. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page LIST OF FIGURES ...............................................................................................................VIII ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................IX I INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................1 Background ....................................................................................................1 Statement of Purpose .....................................................................................4 Study Design ..................................................................................................4 Assumptions ...................................................................................................5 Scientific Significance ...................................................................................5 Practical Significance.....................................................................................6 II LITERATURE REVIEW ......................................................................................7 Models of Health and Approaches to Healthcare Delivery ..................................8 The Biomedical Model ..................................................................................8 The Biopsychosocial Model ..........................................................................9 Multidisciplinary Approach ...............................................................10 Interdisciplinary Approach ................................................................13 Models of Injury and Rehabilitation in Sport .......................................................18 Biomedical Model ..........................................................................................18 Grief Process Model ......................................................................................19 Cognitive Models ...........................................................................................20 The Integrated Model .........................................................................21 The Biopsychosocial Model ..............................................................26 Integrated Models of Athlete Care ........................................................................31 The Integrated Performance Model ...............................................................31 The Meyer Athlete Performance Management Model ..................................33 Conclusion .....................................................................................................34 III METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................36 Introduction ....................................................................................................36 Study Design ..................................................................................................36 Case Study Profiles ........................................................................................38 Case One ............................................................................................38 Case Two ...........................................................................................38 Data Collection ..............................................................................................39 Participants .........................................................................................39 Procedures ..........................................................................................41 Interviews ...........................................................................................42 Data Analysis .................................................................................................43 Reflexivity......................................................................................................44 Trustworthiness ..............................................................................................46 Credibility ..........................................................................................47 v Transferability ....................................................................................48 Confirmability and Dependability .....................................................48 IV RESULTS .............................................................................................................50 Introduction ..........................................................................................................50 Introduction to Slopestyle Ski ........................................................................51 Introduction to the Performance Management Team ....................................53 Athlete ................................................................................................53 Coach .................................................................................................54 Physiotherapist ...................................................................................55 Sport Psychology Consultant .............................................................55 Injury Rehabilitation Manager ...........................................................56 Case #1 ..................................................................................................................57