ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences

The official scientific journal of Salahaddin University-Erbil ZJPAS (2016), 28 (1); 98-101

Description of Hairy Rove , maxillosus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) for Erbil Governorate, Kurdistan Region – Iraq.

Nabeel A. Mawlood 1*, Banaz S. Abdulla2 and Nawzad B. Kadir1 1College of Agriculture, Salahaddin University-Erbil

2Department of Biology, College of Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil

A R T I C L E I N F O A B S T R A C T

Article History: A new record of the Staphylinidae, Received: 03/09/2015 (Linnaeus), is described and illustrated from Erbil governorate Kurdistan

Accepted: 13/10/2015 region -Iraq. The important taxonomic features have been drawn. Localities, Published: hosts and date of the collection have been mentioned. Keywords: New record; Creophilus maxillosus; Erbil Governorate Kurdistan Region – Iraq. *Corresponding Author: Rozhgar A. Khailany Email:[email protected]

(Lumbricillus Orsted and Enchytraeus Henle) 1.INTRODUCTION (Moore and Legner, 1976) that in turn feed on the sea weed. Creophilus maxillosus Rove beetles, Staphylinidae constitute the (Linnaeus) is one of very important species large family of worldwide, more than which can be found in wooded areas but 55, 440 described species (Grebennikov and prefer more open ground. It found also in Newton, 2009) from 3,847 genera and 31 synanthroopic habitats, commonly found on subfamilies in the world (Herman, 2001). The dung and carrion of all kinds where it feed on family is divided into 4 groups including adult and immature dipteran species (Downei Omaliine, Tachyporine, Oxyteline and and Arnett, 1996). Staphylinine (Lawrence and Newton, 1982). The species is a widely distributed Most of the staphylinids are found in terrestrial species of rove typically found at habitats such as leaf litter, plant debris, and carrion. It includes Europe, Asia, North fungi. However, 442 species in 102 genera and 7 subfamilies are known to be confined to and Central America, many Pacific and seashore habitats (Ahn and Ashe, 1996; Moore Atlantic Islands (Herman, 2001). Both and Legner, 1976). One of the 7 subfamilies larvae and adults are predators feed on with coastal representatives is . the organic remains of carrion as well as on Most coastal staphylinine larvae live in nutrient-packed Diptera larvae (Byrd and stranded accumulations of decaying seaweed. Castner, 2001). Creophilus maxillosus is very The seaweed forms the basis of a food widespread species, which occurs across North chain. Larvae and adults are predators of amphipods, larvae of seaweed (Fucellia America. Northern Central America, the West Robineaux-desvoidy) or enchytraeid worms Indies, the entire Palearctic region (Newton, 99 Mawlood et al./ZJPAS: 2016, 28(1): 98-101

2000). (Ghahari et al.,2009; Samin et al., 2011) Discription studied the fauna of Iran, 594 species and subspecies in 150 genera belonging to 13 Creophilus maxillosus (Linnaeus) subfamilies of the family have been identified. maxillosus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Tottenham (1954) formulated keys to isolate Nat., ed. X, p. 421. the subfamilies, genera and the species of Body: Oval elongated, black-white, moderately British. (Downei and Arnett, 1996; convex. Length 14-21 mm. Newton,2000; Smetana,1995; Herman, 1972; Herman, 1976 and Herman, 1986) of Atlantic Head Canada. Black, smooth slightly convex with vertex protruding, surface bare except for the temples. 2.MATERIALS AND METHODS Ratio of length to width 1.2: 1.0. Eyes black, oval prominent, length 0.8 - 1.0 mm. Vertex The present paper is based on, 30 truncate, margin with a pair of emarginated. specimens which collected from the period of Temporal corner rounded. Labrum (Fig.1a) February till July 2015 from the carrion of hypertrichous, long, circular, posterior margin many (Cats, Chickens) and from moderately emarginated medially; epipharynx organic fertilizer in different localities of Erbil with row of short- long stout setae. Mandible governorate, Kurdistan region-Iraq. The (Fig. 1 b ) Trigonal in dorso-ventral aspect, specimens were placed in boiling water for 10- robust, basal width one third total length; 15 minutes to soften their parts. Then the parts curved downward, incisor tooth hook shaped, were separated by two fine pins and put in 10% terebral tooth very small, ventral surface KOH, then placed on fire (heater source) with smooth with deeply groove densely shaking for about (Ahn and Ashe, 1996; Moore microtrichia. Maxillae ( Fig. 1 c ) black, and Legner, 1976) minutes for dissolve the cardo nearly oval, stipes triangular with 2-03 lipids. After that placed in distilled water for setae, sub stipes rectangular, apical part with 5- 3-4 minutes in order to neutralize the alkali. 6 long bristles, a proximal lacina high The parts are placed in ethyl alcohol 25% and sclerotized, laterally with 10-12 punctures, dissected under binocular microscope, then distal part low sclerotized wit high row of transferred to ethyl alcohol 50% ,75% and yellow, crinkly bristles. distal galia cup shaped, 100% respectively for two minutes of each a proximal galea densely dark yellow spinose, concentration to dehydration of water, so that nd 1-3 segments of maxillary palp cup shaped, 2 placed in xylol for two minutes, finally placed segment 1.2 as long as 3rd segment, 4th in canada balsam to prepare slides for segment oval as long as 3rd segment. Labium examination. The important parts were drawn yellow-black color, Mentum trapezoidal and by a digital camera (Ucmas series microscope its anterior margin straight, posterior margin camera) was used to photographing the slightly concave, 1st and 2nd segments of labial important parts (Lane and Grosskey, 1993). palps (Fig. 1 d ) cup shaped,1st segment 1.1 as The measured proportions of body parts are long as 2nd segment, 3rd segment elongated oval given in points of an eyepiece linear shaped, 1.2 as long as 2nd segment, paraglossa micrometer in a binocular microscope. The with dense row of yellow bristles; alglosa species were identified by using taxonomic nearly cup shaped. The antennae (Fig. 1e) are keys of (Cameron, 1930; Brunke et al., 2011; thick, short, beaded, composed of 11 segments Majka et al., 2008). with the last five segments broader than the

long and forming a club. antennomere1 100 Mawlood et al./ZJPAS: 2016, 28(1): 98-101 elongated oval 2.5 times as long as 2nd, ventrally. Meso- coxae nearly oval, tibia long, antennomeres 2 and 3 nearly cup shaped and each inner and outer margin with 4-5 bristles, equal in length; antennomeres 4 , 5 and 6 densely setose, tarsus nearly tubular shaped. spherical equal in length, antennomeres 6–11 Meta-coxae elongated oval, hind tibia long, formulate a club, 6-10 nearly cub shaped, same outer margin with row of spines, densely length, antennomere 11 oval, 1.7 times as long setose, tarsus nearly tubular shaped. as 10th once. Abdomen

Black, oval, densely yellow -gray setae are more obviously found on the 2nd -4th segments. Tergit 1-6 nearly rectangular, 7th Tergite( Fig.1 ) cup shaped, lateral margin nearly straight, anterior and lateral margins densely setose, surface densely fine setose and punctate. Sternite 1-6 rectangular, 7th sternite turncate, 2/3 of lateral margin slightly concave, anterior and lateral margins sparsely setose, surface densely fine setose.

Male genitalia

Tergite 8 nearly quadrate, 2/3 of basal membranous, remain part moderately sclerotized. Sternite 8 resemble to the Tergite 8. Paramers (Fig. 1i) cylindrical, length - mm, 1.3 as long as peins, surface densely short setose, apex densely long setose. peins nearly oval shaped widest at the basal part, apex Thorax slightly emarginated medially, 1/4 of apical sparsely short setose Pronotum black, barrel shaped, largely impunctate, slightly longer than wide, widest REFERENCES near anterior margin, ratio of length to width 1. Ahn, K. J. and Ashe. J. S. (1996). Phylogeny of the 1.2 : 1.0, surface bare except narrowly densely intertidal aleocharine tribe Liparocephalini black and yellow seta on the side margins (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Systematic Entomology, 21: 99–114. without punctate. Elytra black, parallel-sided, 2. Brunke, A.; Newton, Klimaszewski, A.; Majka, C. narrowest at 1/3 of apical part which concave and Marshall, S. (2011). Staphylinidae of Eastern laterally, surface densely gray setose forming a Canada and adjacent United States. Key to subfamilies; Staphylininae: Tribes and Subtribes, and broad irregular transverse gray band across species of Staphylinina. Can. J. them. Prosternum black nearly cup shaped, Identificat, 12: 1- 110. prostrnal process slightly rounded apically. 3. Byrd, J. H. and Castner, J. L.( 2001). Insects of forensic importance. In Forensic entomologist: The Legs black, covered with glossy black setae; utility of in legal investigations fore coxae elongated oval, fore tibia short, (Phaenicia cuprina). Florida: CRC Press.240p. 4. Cameron, M. (1930). The fauna of British India outer margin with row of spines, densely including Ceylon and Burma. Coleoptera. setose, segments 1–4 of protarsus strongly Staphylinidae. Vol. 1. Taylor and Francis, London, bilobate and with yellowish pale setae 650 pp.

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