DOCSLIB.ORG

Whartonacarus Floridensis Sp. Nov. (Acari: Trombiculidae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Whartonacarus Floridensis Sp. Nov. (Acari: Trombiculidae) MORPHOLOGY,SYSTEMATICS,EVOLUTION Whartonacarus floridensis sp. nov. (Acari: Trombiculidae), With a Taxonomic Review and the First Record of Whartonacarus Chiggers in the Continental United States 1 2 2 JAMES W. MERTINS, BRITTA A. HANSON, AND JOSEPH L. CORN J. Med. Entomol. 46(6): 1260Ð1268 (2009) ABSTRACT Among several unusual species collected during surveillance of ectoparasites on wild- life hosts in the southeastern United States and Caribbean Region, the larvae of a new species of Whartonacarus were encountered in 2003 on a cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis (L.), in the Florida Keys. This is the Þrst record for a member of Whartonacarus in the continental United States. The mite is described and named as Whartonacarus floridensis Mertins, and the possible signiÞcance of this discovery with respect to the “tropical bont tick,” Amblyomma variegatum (F.), is discussed. A brief taxonomic review of Whartonacarus raises questions about the putative synonymy of Whartonacarus nativitatis (Hoffmann) and Whartonacarus thompsoni (Brennan) and suggests that Whartonacarus shiraii (Sasa et al.) may include two distinct taxa. Whartonacarus is redeÞned, and a revised key to the known taxa is provided. Toritrombicula oceanica Brennan & Amerson is placed in the genus Whartonacarus. Also, Whartonacarus palenquensis (Hoffman) is rejected as a member of this genus and placed in its own new genus, Longisetacarus Mertins. KEY WORDS Whartonacarus floridensis sp. nov., Longisetacarus gen. nov., Amblyomma variegatum, chiggers, cattle egret Since the 1960s, the United States Department of Ag- Rico, and the Virgin Islands. Targeted survey sites are riculture (USDA), Animal and Plant Health Inspec- natural areas where introduced exotic arthropods tion Service, Veterinary Services and the Southeastern might be most likely to survive and establish them- Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study have jointly par- selves unobserved on wildlife hosts. Most surveillance ticipated in a cooperative program of surveillance for activity involves examination of live-captured wildlife, exotic ticks and other potential livestock pest arthro- collection and preservation of perceived ectopara- pods in the United States and the Caribbean Region. sites, and subsequent identiÞcation of the collected In recent years, these efforts have intensiÞed with a specimens. When opportunities arise, ectoparasites growing appreciation of the potential for introduction also are collected from road-killed wildlife, injured or of exotic ticks and other livestock arthropods and the dead animal hosts at wildlife rehabilitation facilities, or associated threat to American agriculture. During the other sources, as available. last half-century, at least 99 species of exotic ticks were In the past 6 yr, we have collected ectoparasites either detected or destroyed at U.S. ports of entry, or from Ͼ7,800 wildlife hosts, and although the labora- they were inadvertently introduced into the United tory processing of the specimens is far from complete, States (Keirans and Durden 2001). Furthermore, the we already have identiÞed Ͼ130 different arthropod agent of heartwater disease, Ehrlichia ruminantium species from these samples. Among them, we have (Cowdry), and its major vector, the “tropical bont recognized several undescribed new species, several tick,” Amblyomma variegatum (F.), are present on interesting new host and distribution records for var- several islands in the Caribbean (Barre et al. 1987, ious ectoparasites, and numerous expected hostÐpara- Pegram et al. 2004), and a potential for interisland site associations. Herein, we report on one of the most transport of the ticks by the cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis interesting and possibly signiÞcant parasite collec- (L.), has been demonstrated previously (Corn et al. tions, the Þrst collection record of chiggers belonging 1993). to the genus Whartonacarus in the continental United Our current emphasis in Þeld surveillance activities States. These mites were taken from a cattle egret, and is in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Puerto they represent a new species described herein. 1 Corresponding author: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, National Materials and Methods Veterinary Services Laboratories, 1800 Dayton Ave., Ames, IA 50010. 2 Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Vet- Collection and Study of Specimens. Following the erinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602. standard procedures in our ongoing ectoparasite sur- November 2009 MERTINS ET AL.: W. floridensis SP. NOV., WITH A GENERIC REVIEW 1261 veillance on wildlife, in August 2003, one of our Þeld Vercammenia (Whartonacarus), Vercammen-Grand- assistants examined a frozen adult B. ibis carcass held jean 1971: illustration; Vercammen-Grandjean et al. at the facilities (since closed) of Wildlife Rescue of the 1973: illustration. Florida Keys in Key West, FL. The exact origin and Whartonacarus, Brennan and Goff 1977: 561; Domrow collecting circumstances of the host carcass are un- and Lester 1985: 7, 12; Hoffmann 1990: 14. certain, but based upon policies of the rescue facility, it probably was found/captured in the Lower Type Species. Trombicula thompsoni Brennan 1953 KeysÑor even locally in Key WestÑshortly before (ϭTrombicula nativitatis Hoffmann 1950). examination. Five small mites were found attached to Diagnosis. Trombiculinae: Trombiculini. Larval the bird, placed in 70% isopropyl alcohol, and shipped stage parasitic on water birds. Idiosoma ovoid, with a to the USDA National Veterinary Services Laborato- typically striate cuticle overall. Small to moderate size, ries in Ames, IA, for identiÞcation. All the mites were overall body length 330Ð645, width 240Ð500. Scutum routinely processed further by mounting together un- roughly rectangular, with anterolateral shoulders, der a coverslip on a microscope slide in HoyerÕs so- thin ßagelliform sensillae, and possibly a few poste- lution in November 2003. rior epiostracal striae; Þve branched scutal setae, After several days delay for clearing of the speci- PLϾALϾAM. Eyes large, two pairs on ocular plates. mens in the mountant, J.W.M. examined them at 400ϫ Cheliceral blade with tricuspid apex; galeala nude. with a Leitz Orthoplan compound microscope (Leica Palpal tarsus with seven branched setae, a subter- Microsystems, DeerÞeld, IL) equipped with differen- minala, and a long, slender basal tarsala; tibial claw tial interference contrast illumination and an ocular bifurcate, with axial prong internal; femoral seta micrometer. The specimens were identiÞed and con- branched, genual seta sparsely branched or nude, and Þrmed as members of the trombiculid genus Whar- all three tibial setae nude. Humeral setae, one or two tonacarus, using keys in Brennan and Goff (1977) and pairs. Dorsal hysterosomal setae very numerous, 32Ð Vercammen-Grandjean (1968). Supplemental infor- 130. Ventral idiosomal setae numerous, with two or mation in these sources and others (Brennan and three pairs of sternals and 50Ð98 opisthosomals. Legs Jones 1959, Goff 1989) suggested ours was a new 7-7-7, with all coxae usually unisetate (some coxae III distribution record. Hoffmann (1990), Loomis (1966), bisetate); 3Ð4 genualae I (typically 3), 1Ð5 genualae II and Wharton (1945) enumerated the Þve recognized (typically 1), and 1Ð8 genualae III (typically 1); 1 species of Whartonacarus, conÞrmed distribution of tibiala III; 1 nude mastitarsala III. the genus only outside of the continental United Discussion. The possession of both large eyes and States, and provided strong evidence that the Florida cuticular striae encroaching on the scutum (i.e., specimens were undescribed. The novelty of our chig- epiostracal) is a typical combination for avian- gers was established by comparing them to the original parasitic chiggers (Vercammen-Grandjean 1968). descriptions and redescriptions of each of the known All species included here in Whartonacarus have Whartonacarus spp. (Wharton 1945; Hoffmann 1950, large eyes, but among them, only the new species, 1965, 1990; Sasa et al. 1952; Brennan 1953; Sasa and W. nativitatis (feature described but not illus- Jameson 1954; Loomis 1966). trated), and Toritrombicula oceanica Brennan and Conventions. Most of the terminology used herein Amerson (a prospective new addition) are known to follows Goff et al. (1982). All measurements in the have such epic-stracal striae. However, this charac- descriptions are in micrometers, unless otherwise ter well may have been overlooked by the authors stated. of other species because it is not so evident in the Repository. The specimens in the type series for the present taxon as in some other genera from birds; it new species are deposited in the U.S. National Mu- is tentatively included here in the generic diagnosis. seum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC. Authorship. Taxonomic decisions herein and au- Whartonacarus floridensis Mertins, sp. nov. (Fig. 1) thorship of new taxa are attributable to J.W.M. alone. Type Material. Five engorged larvae, all mounted on one slide. All are damaged and incomplete to some extent, including the worst specimen that consists of Results only the opisthosoma and one leg III. The best spec- The new chigger larvae possess the characteristic imen is complete, except for one leg III missing be- morphological features of Whartonacarus, as detailed yond the trochanter; this specimen is hereby desig- in the following generic diagnosis. nated as the holotype.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Sgienge Bulletin
    THE UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS SGIENGE BULLETIN Vol. XXXVII, Px. II] June 29, 1956 [No. 19 of The Chigger Mites Kansas (Acarina, Trombiculidae ) BY Richard B. Loomis Abstract: Studies of the chigger mites in Kansas revealed 47 forms, con- sisting of 46 species in the following genera: Leeuwcnhoekia ( 1 ), Acomatacarus (3), Whartoraa (1), Hannemania (3), Trombicula (21), Speleocola (1), Euschbngastia (10), Pseudoschongastia (2), Cheladonta (1), Neoschongastia (2), and Walchia (1). Data were gathered in the period from 1947 to 1954. More than 14,000 mounted larvae were critically examined. All but one of the 47 forms were obtained from a total of 6,534 vertebrates of 194 species. Larvae of eight species of chiggers also were recovered from black plastic sampler plates placed on the substrate. Free-living nymphs and adults of all species seem to be active in warm weather. The time of oviposition differs in the different kinds, but there is little variation within a species. The exact time of emergence, abundance and disappearance of the larvae depends on the temperature of the environment. The species can be arranged according to their larval activity in two seasonal groups: the summer group (26 species) and the winter group (20 species). The seasonal overlap between these groups is slight. Rainfall and moisture content of the substrate affect the abundance of the larvae, but not the time of their emergence or disappearance. The summer species often have two genera- tions of larvae annually, but in the winter species no more than one generation is known. The larvae, normally parasitic on vertebrates, exhibit little host specificity.
    [Show full text]
  • What's Eating You? Chiggers
    CLOSE ENCOUNTERS WITH THE ENVIRONMENT What’s Eating You? Chiggers Dirk M. Elston, MD higger is the common name for the 6-legged larval form of a trombiculid mite. The larvae C suck blood and tissue fluid and may feed on a variety of animal hosts including birds, reptiles, and small mammals. The mite is fairly indiscrimi- nate; human hosts will suffice when the usual host is unavailable. Chiggers also may be referred to as harvest bugs, harvest lice, harvest mites, jiggers, and redbugs (Figure 1). The term jigger also is used for the burrowing chigoe flea, Tunga penetrans. Chiggers belong to the family Trombiculidae, order Acari, class Arachnida; many species exist. Trombiculid mites are oviparous; they deposit their eggs on leaves, blades of grass, or the open ground. After several days, the egg case opens, but the mite remains in a quiescent prelarval stage. Figure 1. Chigger mite. After this prelarval stage, the small 6-legged larvae become active and search for a host. During this larval 6-legged stage, the mite typically is found attaches at sites of constriction caused by clothing, attached to the host. After a prolonged meal, the where its forward progress has been impeded. Penile larvae drop off. Then they mature through the and scrotal lesions are not uncommon and may be 8-legged free-living nymph and adult stages. mistaken for scabies infestation. Seasonal penile Chiggers can be found throughout the world. In swelling, pruritus, and dysuria in children is referred the United States, they are particularly abundant in to as summer penile syndrome.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification of Trombiculid Chigger Mites Collected on Rodents from Southern Vietnam and Molecular Detection of Rickettsiaceae Pathogen
    ISSN (Print) 0023-4001 ISSN (Online) 1738-0006 Korean J Parasitol Vol. 58, No. 4: 445-450, August 2020 ▣ ORIGINAL ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2020.58.4.445 Identification of Trombiculid Chigger Mites Collected on Rodents from Southern Vietnam and Molecular Detection of Rickettsiaceae Pathogen 1, 2, 1 3 4,5, 4,5, Minh Doan Binh †, Sinh Cao Truong †, Dong Le Thanh , Loi Cao Ba , Nam Le Van * , Binh Do Nhu * 1Ho Chi Minh Institute of Malariology-Parasitology and Entomology, Ho Chi Minh Vietnam; 2Vinh Medical University, Nghe An, Vietnam; 3National Institute of Malariology-Parasitology and Entomology, Ha Noi, Vietnam; 4Military Hospital 103, Ha Noi, Vietnam; 5Vietnam Military Medical University, Ha Noi, Vietnam Abstract: Trombiculid “chigger” mites (Acari) are ectoparasites that feed blood on rodents and another animals. A cross- sectional survey was conducted in 7 ecosystems of southern Vietnam from 2015 to 2016. Chigger mites were identified with morphological characteristics and assayed by polymerase chain reaction for detection of rickettsiaceae. Overall chigger infestation among rodents was 23.38%. The chigger index among infested rodents was 19.37 and a mean abun- dance of 4.61. A total of 2,770 chigger mites were identified belonging to 6 species, 3 genera, and 1 family, and pooled into 141 pools (10-20 chiggers per pool). Two pools (1.4%) of the chiggers were positive for Orientia tsutsugamushi. Rick- etsia spp. was not detected in any pools of chiggers. Further studies are needed including a larger number and diverse hosts, and environmental factors to assess scrub typhus. Key words: Oriental tsutsugamushi, Rickettsia sp., chigger mite, ectoparasite INTRODUCTION Orientia tsutsugamushi is a gram-negative bacteria and caus- ative agent of scrub typhus, is a vector-borne zoonotic disease Trombiculid mites (Acari: Trombiculidae) are ectoparasites with the potential of causing life-threatening febrile infection that are found in grasses and herbaceous vegetation.
    [Show full text]
  • Tunga Penetrans Egg → Soil → Larvae → Instars
    November 8, 2013 Tunga flea that lives in people’s toes (tropical) Tunga penetrans Egg soil larvae instars pupa adult Female stays in foot, drops eggs Pulex irritant gets on humans Xenopsylla cheopis “oriental rat flea” plague Bubonic plague Buboes: inflamed and infected lymph nodes Pneumonic plague lungs Mongol empire biggest empire ever flea caused downfall of Mongol empire (plague) Phylum Arthropoda, Class Arachnida: spiders, ticks, mites - Synapomorphy: 8 legs - Tagmatization: fusion of thorax / abdomen - Argiope: garden spiders - Lactrodectus mactans: black widow o Females big, males small; neurotoxic bite – venom - Loxosceles reclusa: brown recluse spider o Venom that degrades protein causes skin to come off - Almost all spiders are predators - Dispersal ballooning November 11, 2013 Synapomorphies for Arachnida: silk, chilecerae, 8 legs Tick – have Haller’s organ on first pair of legs. Used for locating host. Opisthosoma Prosoma Order Opiliones: harvestmen Order Acari (Acarina): ticks, mites - Tagmentation: fusion of posterior body parts - Egg larva nymph adult - Ticks are good hosts for rocky mountain fever - Questing: tick hanging around for mammal - Family Ixodidae (hard ticks) everywhere - Family Argasidae (soft ticks) mostly dry places Mite Tick Hypostome hidden (not larvae) Big hypostome exposed Small body Large body as adult No Haller’s organ Yes Haller’s organ - Mites o Family Demodicidae . Dermodex folliculorum: eyelash mites • Live in sebaceous glands at root of hair in eye lashes . Dermodex cranium:
    [Show full text]
  • External Parasite and Vector Control Guidelines AAEP External Parasite and Vector Control Guidelines
    American Association of Equine Practitioners External Parasite and Vector Control Guidelines AAEP External Parasite and Vector Control Guidelines Developed by the AAEP External Parasite Control Task Force Dennis French, DVM, Dipl. ABVP (chair) Tom Craig, DVM, PhD Jerome Hogsette, Jr. PhD Angela Pelzel-McCluskey, DVM Linda Mittel, DVM, MSPH Kenton Morgan, DVM, Dipl. ACT David Pugh, DVM, MS, MAg, Dipl. ACT, ACVN, ACVM Wendy Vaala, DVM, Dipl. ACVIM Published by The American Association of Equine Practitioners 4033 Iron Works Parkway Lexington, KY 40511 First Edition, 2016 © American Association of Equine Practitioners AAEP External Parasite and Vector Control Guidelines TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction ....................................................................................................Page 2 Ticks ...............................................................................................................Page 3 Flies ..............................................................................................................Page 11 Mites .............................................................................................................Page 29 Lice ...............................................................................................................Page 34 Mosquitoes ...................................................................................................Page 42 External Parasite and Vector Control Guidelines 1 INTRODUCTION Commonly used strategies for external It is important to keep in mind that
    [Show full text]
  • Acarina: Trombiculidae) in Arkansas M
    Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science Volume 41 Article 44 1987 Fauna and Distribution of Free Living Chiggers (Acarina: Trombiculidae) in Arkansas M. C. Wicht Jr. Lyon College A. C. Rowland Lyon College Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas Part of the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Wicht, M. C. Jr. and Rowland, A. C. (1987) "Fauna and Distribution of Free Living Chiggers (Acarina: Trombiculidae) in Arkansas," Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science: Vol. 41 , Article 44. Available at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/jaas/vol41/iss1/44 This article is available for use under the Creative Commons license: Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0). Users are able to read, download, copy, print, distribute, search, link to the full texts of these articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This General Note is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science, Vol. 41 [1987], Art. 44 Arkansas Academy of Science APPLICATION OF GELIGAM SOFTWARE TO THE ANALYSISOF X-RAY SPECTRA In1986 a feasibility study (H. B. Eldridge, "Testing Treated Posts Using X-Ray Fluorescence- AFeasibility Study." Paper presented at the Forty-Second Arkansas Transportation Research Committee Meeting April1986.) was conducted to determine ifX-ray fluorescence energy disper- sive techniques could be used as a timely and nondestructive means of testing the quality oftreatment of wood products.
    [Show full text]
  • Parcel Management and Perceived Ecosystem Services and Disservices in the Exurbs of a Midwestern County in the United States
    land Article Parcel Management and Perceived Ecosystem Services and Disservices in the Exurbs of a Midwestern County in the United States Amélie Yvonne Davis 1,2,* , Andrew Freund 1, Sarah Lynn Dumyahn 2, Ryan Mendoza 1, Aura Muniz Torres 3 and Michelle Dawn Boone 3 1 Department of Geography, Miami University, 250 South Patterson Avenue, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; [email protected] (A.F.); [email protected] (R.M.) 2 Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, Miami University, 250 South Patterson Avenue, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; [email protected] 3 Department of Biology, Miami University, 212 Pearson Hall, Oxford, OH 45056, USA; [email protected] (A.M.T.); [email protected] (M.D.B.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Exurban development is a prominent land use in the United States of America, particularly in the Midwest, where much of it occurs on farmland and remnant woodlands. While exurbanization may affect ecosystem services, its impact could be modulated by management decisions made by residents. We aimed to uncover how exurban residents in a midwestern county perceived ecosystem services and disservices provided by their property based on 26 semi-structured interviews of Citation: Davis, A.Y.; Freund, A.; landowners on parcels between 1 and 20 acres with a pond in unincorporated areas. We found Dumyahn, S.L.; Mendoza, R.; Muniz the ecosystem services people associated most with their land are classified as cultural services Torres, A.; Boone, M.D. Parcel (dominated by recreation services), while the most common mentioned disservices were classified Management and Perceived as regulating disservices. Many ecosystem services that would be categorized as supporting or Ecosystem Services and Disservices in the Exurbs of a Midwestern regulating services were not mentioned by interviewees, including microclimate stabilization, carbon County in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Beaulieu, F., W. Knee, V. Nowell, M. Schwarzfeld, Z. Lindo, V.M. Behan
    A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 819: 77–168 (2019) Acari of Canada 77 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.819.28307 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Acari of Canada Frédéric Beaulieu1, Wayne Knee1, Victoria Nowell1, Marla Schwarzfeld1, Zoë Lindo2, Valerie M. Behan‑Pelletier1, Lisa Lumley3, Monica R. Young4, Ian Smith1, Heather C. Proctor5, Sergei V. Mironov6, Terry D. Galloway7, David E. Walter8,9, Evert E. Lindquist1 1 Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Otta- wa, Ontario, K1A 0C6, Canada 2 Department of Biology, Western University, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada 3 Royal Alberta Museum, Edmonton, Alberta, T5J 0G2, Canada 4 Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada 5 Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada 6 Department of Parasitology, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya embankment 1, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia 7 Department of Entomology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada 8 University of Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, 4556, Queensland, Australia 9 Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, 4101, Queensland, Australia Corresponding author: Frédéric Beaulieu ([email protected]) Academic editor: D. Langor | Received 11 July 2018 | Accepted 27 September 2018 | Published 24 January 2019 http://zoobank.org/652E4B39-E719-4C0B-8325-B3AC7A889351 Citation: Beaulieu F, Knee W, Nowell V, Schwarzfeld M, Lindo Z, Behan‑Pelletier VM, Lumley L, Young MR, Smith I, Proctor HC, Mironov SV, Galloway TD, Walter DE, Lindquist EE (2019) Acari of Canada. In: Langor DW, Sheffield CS (Eds) The Biota of Canada – A Biodiversity Assessment.
    [Show full text]
  • Bibliographie Der Wasseramseln (Cinclidae). Erste Ergänzung
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Egretta Jahr/Year: 1988 Band/Volume: 31_1_2 Autor(en)/Author(s): Spitznagel August Artikel/Article: Bibliographie der Wasseramseln (Cinclidae). Erste Ergänzung. 113-128 ©Birdlife Österreich, Gesellschaft für Vogelkunde, Austria, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at EGRETTA 31/1-2/1988 113 Bibliographie der Wasseramseln (Cinclidae). Erste Ergänzung Von August Spitznagel Die nachfolgende Ergänzung zur Bibliographie der Wasseramseln (Spitznagel, 1985d) soll die weit verstreute Literatur für Bearbeiter dieser Vogelgruppe zugäng- lich machen. In größerem Umfang wurde hier auch ältere, faunistische Literatur be- rücksichtigt. Ich danke den zahlreichen Autoren, die mir Sonderdrucke oder Literaturzitate zu- schickten und möchte weiterhin um die Mitteilung von Zitaten älterer Arbeiten oder um Sonderdrucke von Neuerscheinungen bitten. 1. Literatur über Cinclus cinclus (ssp.) Ali, S. (1949): Indian Hill Birds. Oxford Univ. Press, London. * Ali, S. (1962): The birds of Sikkim. Oxford Univ. Press, London. * Ali, S. (1977): The birds of the Eastern Himalayas. Oxford Univ. Press, Delhi, Oxford. * Ali, S. & S. D. Ripley (1983a): Handbook of the birds of India and Pakistan. Compact Edition. Oxford Univ. Press. * AM, S. & D. S. Ripley (1983b): A pictorial guide to the birds of the Indian subcontinent. Oxford Univ. Press, Delhi, Oxford. • Altum, B. (1878): Über das Vorkommen von Cinclus aquaticus Bechst. bei Eberswalde. J. Orn. 26, 107. • Andersson, S. (1983): Strömstarens vintervanor. Fägl. Jämtl.-Härje- dalen 3 (4), 1-7. * Arnold, F. C. (1945): Dipper in Sussex. Brit. Birds 38, 194. * Aue I, H. (1937): Beiträge zur Potsdamer Ornis. Mark. Tierwelt 3,10-16. Baer, W.
    [Show full text]
  • Acariformes: Trombiculidae) with Notes on Their Moulting Processes Andrew B
    Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 80: 85±95 (January 1999) External morphology of the quiescent instars of trombiculid mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) with notes on their moulting processes Andrew B. Shatrov Abstract Zoological Institute Shatrov, A. B. 1999. External morphology of the quiescent instars of Russian Academy of Sciences trombiculid mites (Acariformes: Trombiculidae) with notes on their moulting 199034 St Petersburg processes. Ð Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 80: 85-95 Russia The morphology and cuticular ultrastructure of the quiescent instars Keywords: prelarva, proto-and tritonymph of the trombiculid mites, Hirsutiella trombiculidae, quiescent instars, zachvatkini, Leptotrombidium orientale and Leptotrombidium schlugerae (Trom- morphology, moulting, ultrastructure biculidae) were investigated with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Their post-embryonic life cycle Accepted for publication: 15 September 1998 is considered in terms of their moulting processes. The existence of the quiescent instars in mite ontogenesis is determined by the presence of the cuticle being closely appressed to the hypodermis irrespective of whether the old cuticle occurs or not, and is limited to a relatively short time, approxi- mately at the middle of the entire inactive period. The quiescent instars possess non-articulated reduced legs and mouth parts as well as slightly tuberculate and folded cuticle without setae. Andrew B. Shatrov, Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034 St Petersburg, Russia.
    [Show full text]
  • First Report of Neotrombicula Inopinata Infestation in Domestic Cats from Portugal T ⁎ David W
    Veterinary Parasitology 267 (2019) 1–3 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Veterinary Parasitology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/vetpar Short communication First report of Neotrombicula inopinata infestation in domestic cats from Portugal T ⁎ David W. Ramiloa,1, Carla Monteirob,1, Marrion Carreirab, Isabel Pereira da Fonsecaa, , Luís Cardosoc a CIISA – Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal b Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal c Department of Veterinary Sciences, and Animal and Veterinary Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Vila Real, Portugal ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Trombiculids parasitize a wide variety of terrestrial vertebrates, including domestic animals, throughout the Cat world. They are parasites only during their larval stages, causing several dermatological lesions on their hosts, Chigger mites such as acute dermatitis, erythema, excoriation, erosion, papules, crusts and alopecia on the ear margins, face, Neotrombicula inopinata interdigital spaces and abdomen. Neotrombicula is one of the several genera in Trombiculidae family, which Portugal cause trombiculosis. The most common species implicated in clinical cases is Neotrombicula autumnalis. However, Trombiculidae several reports have shown that Neotrombicula inopinata (Oudemans, 1909) can also play a role in trombiculosis. Here, we describe the first case of N. inopinata infestation in domestic cats from mainland Portugal. Since nucleic acids of Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi have been found in Neotrombicula autumnalis and Rickettsia spp. in Neotrombicula inopinata, a correct taxonomical identification is essential to understand the role of these mite species as possible vectors of pathogens.
    [Show full text]
  • Leptotrombidium Suzukii (Acari, Trombiculidae): a New Species Of
    Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. A, 40(4), pp. 191–199, November 21, 2014 Leptotrombidium suzukii (Acari, Trombiculidae): A New Species of Chigger Mite Found on Apodemus speciosus (Rodentia, Muridae) on Nakanoshima Island in the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan Mamoru Takahashi1, Hitoko Misumi1 and Shinichi Noda2 1 Department of Anesthesiology, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350–0495, Japan E-mail: [email protected] 2 Research Center for the Pacific Islands, Kagoshima University, Korimoto, Kagoshima 890–8580, Japan (Received 19 August 2014; accepted 24 September 2014) Abstract We describe a new species, Leptotrombidium suzukii (Acari, Trombiculidae), of Chig- ger mites. The type material is laboratory-reared unfed larval trombiculid mites (F6 generation) that developed from the fully engorged larvae collected from Apodemus speciosus (Temminck, 1844) from Nakanoshima Island in the Tokara Islands, Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan. The new spe- cies is closely related to Leptotrombidium bunaense (Womersley, 1952), n. comb., n. stat. [=Lep- totrombidium (Leptotrombidium) bunaense Vercammen-Grandjean and Langston, 1976, a new junior synonym and homonym of Trombicula deliensis form bunaensis Womersley, 1952], but it is distinguished by the arrangement of the dorsal setae and long scutal setae. Key words : Leptotrombidium suzukii, Leptotrombidium deliense, Trombicula (Leptotrombidium) deliensis form bunaensis, Leptotrombidium (Leptotrombidium) bunaense, Nakanoshima Island. Introduction slight morphological and ecological differences had been noticed between this species from Leptotrombidium deliense (Walch, 1922) is one Nakanoshima and the Southeast Asian L. deliense of the most common vector species of scrub (Suzuki, personal communication). typhus, or tsutsugamushi disease, in Southeast To elucidate whether the species (Naka-L.
    [Show full text]