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Chapter 1 1 CLIMATE and ARCHITECTURE Outdoor Thermal Comfort Analysis for the Dhond Residence in GOA, India Item Type text; Electronic Thesis Authors Poonam, Anaokar Deepak Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 10/10/2021 08:09:10 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/190206 1 OUTDOOR THERMAL COMFORT ANAYLSIS FOR THE DHOND RESIDENCE IN GOA, INDIA. by Poonam Deepak Anaokar A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE WITH A MAJOR IN ENERGY CONSERVATION In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2 0 0 5 2 APPROVAL BY THESIS COMMITEE This thesis has been approved on the date shown below: _________________________________ _____________ Dr.Nader Chalfoun Date Committee Chair Architecture department _________________________________ _____________ Dr. Ralph Hammann Date Committee Chair Architecture department _________________________________ _____________ Prof. Ron Stoltz Date Committee Chair Landscape Architecture department 3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I would like to thank my husband Dr. Sumant Paranjpe for his encouragement and patience without which this report would not exist. My deepest gratitude goes to my parents and my sister for their help and support. Their numerous trips to the meteorological office to obtain the climatic data for Goa have made this study meaningful. I would also like to thank my family back home whose encouragement and confidence all throughout has been the force of motivation behind all the long hours of work and study. Special thanks to Dr.Nader Chalfoun from the School of Architecture, my chair advisor whose invaluable input and review has made this study possible. Many hours of careful paraphrasing and technical help have made this thesis possible. I would also like to thank Dr. Ralph Hammann from the School of Architecture and Prof. Ron Stoltz from the School of Landscape Architecture, members of the committee whose valuable inputs and suggestions and their enthusiasm to serve on this committee have made this study very special. 4 DEDICATION I would like to dedicate this thesis to my grandmother, Aji for being a source of inspiration for us all. 5 ABSTRACT The hypothesis of this study is to create a thermally viable microclimate for a residential outdoor space in the hot humid climate of the state of Goa in India with innovative and intelligent use of landscaping materials and shading conditions to control radiation, direct heat, air movements and moisture. This research focuses on the optimization of the performance of outdoor spaces using computer simulations. Outdoor spaces form an important part of houses in the hot-humid region as the humidity levels are high and natural air currents are the best option. A typical house in the tropical region would be defined by three types of spaces- indoor, outdoors and a combination of the indoor and the outdoor consisting of generally of a verandah or a loggia. This thesis focuses on the “indoor- outdoor” spaces where the breezes could be used to cool the space as well as the use of non–radiative materials so as to lower the temperature in the outdoor spaces and restore conditions to the thermal comfort zone. This study is aimed towards the integration of architecture with landscape architecture to achieve thermal comfort for outdoor spaces and to demonstrate how these can be optimized for better comfort for the residential structures in the tropical zone. 6 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 CLIMATE AND ARCHITECTURE.................................................................. 13 1.1 VERNACULAR AND REGIONAL ARCHITECTURE.............................................. 15 1.2 DEFINING THE PROBLEM ................................................................................. 18 1.3 REVIEW OF PREVIOUS WORK.......................................................................... 19 1.4 MOTIVATING A SOLUTION ............................................................................... 20 1.5 ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE THESIS.................................................... 20 2 THE BIOCLIMATIC NEEDS FOR THE TROPICAL ZONE .......................22 2.1 THE TROPICAL ZONE....................................................................................... 23 2.2 CLIMATIC ANALYSIS FOR THE TROPICAL ZONE............................................. 24 2.3 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................... 38 3 THERMAL COMFORT ..................................................................................... 41 3.1 THE BIOLOGICAL NEED FOR THERMAL COMFORT........................................ 42 3.2 FACTORS INFLUENCING THERMAL COMFORT................................................ 43 3.3 THERMAL BARRIERS........................................................................................ 45 3.4 THE COMFORT ZONE ....................................................................................... 45 4 PASSIVE COOLING...........................................................................................47 4.1 COMFORT VENTILATION ................................................................................. 49 4.2 NIGHT FLUSH COOLING................................................................................... 49 4.3 RADIANT COOLING .......................................................................................... 49 4.4 EVAPORATIVE COOLING.................................................................................. 50 5 TOOLS ................................................................................................................. 51 5.1 ESTIMATING A PERSON’S VIEW FACTORS WITH FISH EYE LENS PHOTOGRAPHS ............................................................................................................. 52 5.2 SCALED MODELS.............................................................................................. 53 5.3 DETERMINATION OF THE SCALE...................................................................... 54 5.4 PROCEDURES OF THE EXPERIMENT................................................................. 55 5.5 COLLECTION OF MICROCLIMATIC DATA........................................................ 58 6 DESIGN AND EVALUATION ..........................................................................65 6.1 AREA OF STUDY................................................................................................ 67 6.2 VERNACULAR ARCHITECTURE OF GOA .......................................................... 68 6.3 SITE INVENTORY .............................................................................................. 74 6.4 CLIMATIC OVERVIEW ...................................................................................... 81 6.5 DESIGNING THE OUTDOOR SPACE................................................................... 84 6.6 MATERIAL PALETTE ........................................................................................ 90 6.7 SIMULATIONS.................................................................................................... 93 6.8 ANALYSIS........................................................................................................ 114 7 6.9 OPTIMIZATION STRATEGIES .......................................................................... 116 7 ANALYSIS AND CONCLUSIONS .................................................................. 120 7.1 ANALYSIS........................................................................................................ 121 7.2 SUMMARY OF DESIGN STRATEGIES ............................................................... 121 7.3 CONCLUSIONS................................................................................................. 124 REFERENCES ......................................................................................................... 126 APPENDIX................................................................................................................ 129 8 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS FIGURE 1.1: A TYPICAL HOUSE IN THE HOT-HUMID REGION. .............................................. 16 FIGURE 1.2: A TYPICAL HOUSE IN THE HOT-ARID REGION. ................................................. 17 FIGURE 1.3: A TYPICAL HOUSE IN THE TEMPERATE REGION. .............................................. 17 FIGURE 1.4: A TYPICAL HOUSE IN THE COLD REGION. ........................................................ 18 FIGURE 2.1: THE CLIMATE ZONES ..................................................................................... 23 FIGURE 2.2: A TYPICAL HOUSE IN SRI LANKA AND THE MAP OF SRI LANKA. ..................... 26 FIGURE 2.3: CLIMATIC DATA FOR COLOMBO, SRI LANKA ................................................. 28 FIGURE 2.4: A TYPICAL HOUSE IN THAILAND AND THE MAP OF THAILAND........................ 29 FIGURE 2.5: CLIMATIC DATA FOR BANGKOK, THAILAND .................................................. 31 FIGURE 2.6: A TYPICAL HOUSE IN INDIA AND THE MAP OF INDIA. ..................................... 32 FIGURE 2.7: CLIMATIC DATA FOR MUMBAI, INDIA............................................................. 34 FIGURE 2.8: A TYPICAL HOUSE IN AUSTRALIA AND THE
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