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General A.8Embly • PROVIS IONAL A/43/PV.74 23 Dec:Ettber 1988

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General A.8Embly • PROVIS IONAL A/43/PV.74 23 Dec:Ettber 1988 ... .... ~ - -' . .•'\'i UNITED A NATIONS General A.8embly PROVIS IONAL • A/43/PV.74 23 Dec:etTber 1988 ENGLISH +4' - Forty-th ird sess ion GENERAL ASSEMBLY PROVISIONAL VERBATIM REroRD OF THE SEVENTY-RJURTH MEETING Held at Head:Juarters, New Yor k, on Thursday, 8 DecetTber 1988, at 9.30 a.m. Pres ident~ Mr. ~PU1O (President) (Argentina) la ter ~ Mc. ESSY (VicQ-President) (Cote d' Ivoire) Expression of sympathy to the Government and people of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics FoI'tieth anniversary of the Universal Declaration C'~ Human Rights [38J (continued) (a) Note by the secretary-General transmitting the report of the Director-General CIf the tlli ted Na tions Educa tiooal, Scien tific and CuI tural Organ ization (b) Ora ft reslu Hons This record contains the original telct of speeches del ivered in Engl ish and in terpretations of speeches in the other languages. The final text will be printed in the Official'Ilecords of the General Assenbly. Co~rections should be submitted to original speeches only. They should be sent under the signature of a menber of the delega tion concerned, wi thin one week, to the Chief, Official Re<X>rds fiJi ting Section, Depar tment of Calference services, room DC2-750, 2 tllited Nations Plaza, and incorporated in a copy of the record. 88-64571/A 9560V (B) Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library • PMB/6 A/43/PV.74 2 The'meeting'was'called to'orderat 10.25a.m. EXPRESSION OF SYMPATHY TO THE (J)VERtMENT AND PEOPLE OF THE UNION OF SOVIET SOCIALIST REPUBLICS The' PRES IDEN'!' (interpretation from Spanlsh) ~ Speak ing on behalf of the menbers of the General Assembly and on my own behalf, I wish to extend our deepest sympathy to the Government and the people of the Union of Sovi~t Socialist Republics, which has recently been struck by an earthquake, a major natural disaster that has taken a tragic .toll in human lives and ,resulted in extensive ma ter ia1 damage. I should also like to express the full sol idarity of thE" international community wi th the Government and the peoples of the Un ion of Soviet Socialist Republics in these difficult circumstances. Mr. YAKOVLEV (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) (interpretation from Russian) ~ On b~half of the Soviet delegation I should like to acknowledge your condolences on t!le terrible event that has just occurred in the Caucasian part of the S0\7 iet Un ion. A very strong earthquake in the Soviet republics of the Caucasus has had tragic consequences. According to preliminary data available, thousands of people have died in the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Ulfortunately, for ur.derstandable reasons, we do not yet have precise figures. There has been a great deal of delltruction. It is a tragedy, not only for the Armenian and other peoples in the Caucasus, but also for the entire S0\7iet people. The Soviet delegation would like to inform the General Assenbly that emergency measures are being taken to assist those who have been stricken, the residents of towns and cities. A special Government conunission has been set up, headed by the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, Mr. Ryzhkav, and even though emergency Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library if. -------------------_..._- FMB/6 A/43/PV.74 3-5 (~. Yakov1ev, USSR) measures have been taken to deal with the tragic consequences, M[khai1 Sergeyevich Gorbachev and his official delegation have been compelled to cut short their official visit to the United States and are now returning to ltbscow. Mikhail Sergeyevich believes that when there is a problem he must be there to help. The Soviet delegation would like to acknowledge the condolences and sorrow expressed by all delegations. We share the spirit of unity which has been expressed ar.d will inform the Soviet Government of the solidarity you, Mr. President, have expressed on behalf of all the MenDers of the United Nations. AGENDA ITDi 38 (con tinued) FORTIET$f ANNIVER;ARY OF THE UNIVERgAL DECLARATION OF HtMAN RIGHTS (a) NOTE BY THE: SECRETARY-GENERAL TRANSMITTING THE REPORT OF THE DIRECl'OR-GENERAL OF THE UNITED NATIOm EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIE'IC AND ClJLTURAL ORGANIZATION f.A/43/796) (b) DRAFT RESOWTIO~ (A/43/L.39/Rev.l, A/43/L.47) The PRESIDENT (interpretation from Spanish): I declare open the commemorative meeting devoted to the observance of the fortieL~ anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Forty years ago, in 1948, this essential charter, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, finally took shape. At that time it was supported by some 58 States. Twenty years later, in 1968, when the so-called Tehran Oeclaration was adopted, a great many other States ratified the document, bringing the total to 128. On the occasion of this Tehran Declaration, this charter of human rights was declared as obligatory, or binding upon all States. Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library F JP/rv A/43/PV.14 6 (The President) The Universal Declaration has had great influence over the past 40 years ­ influence in the normative, legislative, legal and constitutional fields. We have gtadually seen its ideas and provisions incorporated in the laws governing the domestic affairs of States. But there is another aspect which is also worth emphasizing and bearing in mind. The Universal Declaration's impact has gone beyond its normative or legal ramifications over the 40 years since it was adopted. It also introduced a new logic into the assessment of political reality, in that the human being is now regarded as the focus and special concern of political activity. Introducing the logic of putting mankind at the centre ot political concern meant nothing more nor less than the introduction of wisdom and common sense. When man is at the centre of poUtical activities, then paUtical activi ties involve wisdom, and over the past two and a half years we have seen this logic of good sense centred on the individual in all aspects of international relations. How otherwise can we explain the stagger ing progress made in disarmament and with regard to regional ~onflicts? This great gamble being made by States, including the super-Powers, this daring demonstration of imagination and courage, can be explained only by the fact that we have recaptured the original concern of political life - man. We must celebrate these past 40 years by remembering various matters~ first, the constant, continuing achievements of human rights in all our countries; secondly, the inclusion in national legislation and constitutions of those central and inalienable rights~ and finally, the fact that we have recovered a human sense of politics. In this regard, this Hall still echoes with the words delivered yesterday by the President of the SOY'iet union, who said' "political problems must be solved by political means onlYJ hurna~ problel'/lS in a humane way only." (A/43/PV.12, p. 6) Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library ----~-----------_..- JP/rv A/43/PV.74 7 (The President) let us therefore celebrate th is rena issance of the human approach to solving mankind's problems. I now invite Hr. Javier Perez de Cuellar, the Secretary-General of the United Na tions, to address the Asserrbly. The SEOtETARY-GENERAL (interpretation from Spanish) ~ In observing Human Rights D!y, we are commemora ting the proclamation on 10 Decerrber 1948 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Fbrty years later that Declaration is still Cl beacon, lighting up for the whole intern&tialal community the path towards human dignity. The Declaration was born our of the devastation and horrible slaughter resulting from the systematic violation of human rights. The far-sighted men and women who framed the document had witnessed the extermination of entire peoples in pursuit of twisted racist i"eologies. Like the drafters of the United Nations Charter three years earlier, ~hey were resolved to put an end to such atrocities. They knew that human rights and peace were indivisible and that to safeguard them it was essential to have universal pr inciples of lasting valid! ty. Four decades later violations of human rights ca1tinue to weigh Upa1 the conscience of mank ind. Day after day, hour after hour, in all parts of the wor Id, flagrant abuses are com"!itted. The record of human rights in our age is besmirched by summary executions and arbitrary arrests, disappearances and torture, the killings of defenceless demonstrators and detention for reasons of belief or conscience. We cannot remain indifferent to such outraqes against the most fundamental concepts of justice and human dignity. They are attacks against each and everyone of us. We must not waver in our solidarity nor give way in our :struggle. Nevertheless, we may be satisfied with the great progress the Universal Declataticm has introduced into the struggle for human rights. The proclamation of Digitized by Dag Hammarskjöld Library Jl~/rv A/43/PV.74 8 (The Secretary-General) common standards for all peoples and nations has created an extensive legal regime, which - through more than 50 international instruments, ranging from the two Human Rights Covenants to the recent Convention Against Torture - amply pr~tect those rights. Thanks to those instruments, bodies have been established to oonsider national practices, special rapporteurs have been designated to investigate national situations or categories of violations, and procedures have been established to receive individual communications. The gradual creation of a complete system for the protection of human rights, ranging from general principles to specific bodies and detailed procedures, is one of the most outstanding achievements of the United Nations. The recognition by those who framed the Declaration that peace and human rights are interdependent has now assumed fresh importance.
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