Conference Guide & Abstract Booklet

Conference Guide

Abstract Booklet 1

39th International Free Electron Laser Conference 26 – 30 August 2019

Universität Hamburg, Main Building Edmund-Siemers-Allee 1 20146 Hamburg https://www.fel2019.org/

Conference Guide & Abstract Booklet

Contents

Welcome 6

Conference Organization 7

Conference Venues 9

Transportation to the Venues 10

Conference Venue Layout 11

Useful Information about Hamburg 12

Registration & Information Desk 13

Welcome Reception 14

Conference Dinner 16

Sponsors & Student Grants 17

Industrial Exhibition & List of Exhibitors 18

Lab Visit 24

Proceedings & Proceedings Office 25

Oral Presentations 26

Poster Sessions 27

Tutorials 28

Scientific Program 29

Table of Abstracts 35

List of Authors 100

Welcome

On behalf of the Local Organizing Committee, we are pleased to welcome you to the 39th International Free Electron Laser Conference (FEL2019) in Hamburg, Germany.

The Scientific Program Committee has created an exiting program focusing on recent advances in free electron laser theory, experiments, electron beam, photon beam and undulator technologies, and applications of free electron lasers.

We welcome more than 350 delegates from FEL facilities, research institutions and universities around the world. In addition about 30 companies will show their products during the industrial exhibition.

The conference includes a tour of the local FEL facilities FLASH and European XFEL.

Hamburg is the 2nd biggest city in Germany and you can enjoy its international and maritime flair and explore a rich cultural scene.

Willkommen in Hamburg.

Yours sincerely, Winni Decking & Harald Sinn

Chaired by DESY and European XFEL

Conference Organization

Local Organizing Committee Conference Chairs: Winfried Decking (DESY) & Harald Sinn (European XFEL) Administrative Chairs: Matthias Kreuzeder & Katharina Kucza Conference Secretariat: Christel Övermann & Katrin Lando Computing Services: Carsten Kluth Proceedings: Michaela Marx & Ruth Rudolph Student Grants: Jörg Rossbach Poster Sessions: Thomas Wamsat Presentation Manager: Riko Wichmann Speaker Preparation: Oliver Koschig Lab Visits: Dirk Nölle & Rolf Treusch Auxiliary Support: Rebecca Jones-Krueger, Hannah Gerth Abstract Booklet: Michaela Marx, Winni Decking & Volker Schaa

International Executive Committee I. Ben-Zvi, BNL & Stony Brook University M.-E. Couprie, Synchrotron SOLEIL W. Decking (Chair), DESY A. Friedman, Ariel University J.N. Galayda, SLAC L. Giannessi, ENEA & ELETTRA-Sincrotrone Trieste H. Hama, Tohoku University H-S. Kan, PAL/POSTECH K.-J. Kim, ANL & The University of Chicago V.N. Litvinenko, Stony Brook University & BNL E.J. Minehara, JAEA & WERC D.C. Nguyen, Los Alamos National Laboratory S. Reiche, PSI J. Rossbach, DESY & Hamburg University O.A. Shevchenko, BINP H. Tanaka, RIKEN Spring-8 A.F.G van der Meer, FELIX Facility, Radboud University R.P. Walker (Secretary), Diamond Light Source Y.K. Wu, Duke University Z.T. Zhao, SINAP

Conference Organization

Scientific Program Committee Stephen Benson, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Simona Bettoni, Paul Scherrer Institut Sandra Biedron, University of New Mexico and Element Aero John Byrd, Argonne National Laboratory Bruce Carlsten, Los Alamos National Laboratory Francesca Curbis, MAX IV Laboratory and Physics Department, Lund University Giovanni De Ninno, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste Simone Di Mitri, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste Yuantao Ding, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Bruno Diviacco, Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste David Dunning, Science and Technology Facilities Council Massimo Ferrario, INFN - Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati Gianluca Geloni (Chair), European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility Avraham Gover, Tel Aviv University Jan Grünert, European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility Ryoichi Hajima, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology Jang-Hui Han, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Toru Hara,RIKEN Spring-8 Center Rasmus Ischebeck, Paul Scherrer Institut Young Uk Jeong, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute Heung-Sik Kang, Pohang Accelerator Laboratory Marie Labat, Synchrotron SOLEIL Alex H. Lumpkin, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Atoosa Meseck, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin Hideaki Ohgaki, Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University Eduard Prat, Paul Scherrer Institut Jia Qika, University of Science and Technology of China Daniel Ratner, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Steve Russell, Los Alamos National Laboratory Fernando Sannibale, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Evgeny Schneidmiller, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Siegfried Schreiber (Chair), Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Svitozar Serkez, European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser Facility Oleg Shevchenko, Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Frank Stephan, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron Takashi Tanaka, RIKEN Spring-8 Center Dong Wang, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chines Academy of Sciences Sverker Werin, MAX IV Laboratory and Physics Department, Lund University Ying K. Wu, Duke University Juhao Wu, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Alexander Zholents, Argonne National Laboratory

FEL Prize Committee Zhirong Huang (Chair), SLAC Bruce Carlsten, LANL Marie Emmanuelle Couprie, SOLEIL Hiroyuki Hama, Tohoku University Mikhail Yurkov, DESY

Conference Venues

The conference will take place at the Hamburg Universität Main Building, located in the city center. We will be on the University’s campus for four days, from August 26th to August 29th. The DESY campus will be the venue for the last day of the conference, on August 30th.

The addresses of the conference venues are as follows: Universität Hamburg Edmund-Siemers-Allee 1 20146 Hamburg

DESY Notkestr. 85 22607 Hamburg The main auditorium is located in building 5

Overview of all conference venues and the locations for the social events:

https://geoportal-hamburg.de/geoportal/geo-online/

Transportation to the Venues

Arriving by Train (at Hamburg Central Station) There are three suburban lines (S11, S21 and S31) operating between Hamburg Central Station and Dammtor Station (Hamburg University), please see www.hvv.de/en/.

Take S11 in the direction to Blankenese and leave at the 1st stop or take S21 in the direction to Elbgaustraße and leave at the 1st stop as shown in the example on the right or take S31 in the direction to Altona and leave at the 1st stop. All trains take three minutes followed by a short walk (3 min.) from the train station to the venue.

https://geoportal-hamburg.de/geoportal/geo-online/ Arriving by Plane From Hamburg Airport take train S1 (the green line) and leave S1 after 10 stops at “Hamburg Central Station”. Change here to train S21 (the pink line) and leave S21 after 2 stops at “Hamburg Dammtor”. It’s a short walk (3 min.) from the train station to the venue. In total the trip takes about 40 minutes.

Arriving by Taxi (from the airport) The drive will take 20 to 30 min. and the rate can be up to 35 €, depending on the traffic.

Transportation to DESY (on Friday, August 30th) Take suburban line S1 to station Othmarschen. We will provide bus transfers from the train station in Othmarschen to DESY on Friday morning at around 08:30. You can also use the public bus #3 to get to the DESY main entrance.

Conference Venue Layout

The presentations and the tutorials will take place in Lecture Hall A at the University’s main building. The location of the conference secretariat, the proceedings office and the speaker’s preparation room are labelled as well. After entering the main entrance you will find straight ahead the registration area. Outside the main building is the tent area for the poster sessions, the industrial exhibitions and for the coffee breaks.

Useful Information about Hamburg

Security & Insurance Participants are asked not to leave their belongings unattended and to wear their conference badges at all times on the conference site and at all social events.

The conference organizers cannot accept liability for medical, travel or personal insurance. Delegates are strongly recommended to arrange their own personal insurance.

Currency The German currency is Euro (€). Exchange facilities are available at the airport, main train stations and exchange agencies.

Payment It is still very popular to pay cash. Cards are not accepted everywhere.

Electricity Electricity in Germany is 230 Volts, alternating at 50 cycles per second. If you travel to Germany with a device that does not accept 230 Volts at 50 Hertz, you will need a voltage converter.

Drinking water quality The drinking water quality in Hamburg is excellent. Tap water can be used without any restrictions.

Weather in Hamburg Frequent changes of weather make forecasting difficult. To be on the safe side, be sure to bring a sweater and wet weather clothing with you.

Finding a taxi Official taxi stands are located at Hamburg Airport, all train stations and at popular shopping, business and tourist locations around the city. It’s also possible to hail a taxi on the street.

Tipping Tipping in restaurants and bars is generally at 5-10%. Tipping taxi drivers is also a common practice.

Hours of Business Most shops in Germany are open Monday to Saturday from 10:00 until 20:00.

Registration & Information Desk

Registration Registration is open from 8:00 to 10:00 on Monday 26th August and will take place in the foyer of the Hamburg University Main Building. From Tuesday to Thursday during the conference week it is possible to register at the conference office in room 136.

Conference Bag Upon registering, you will receive your personal conference bag which comprises your conference badge, an abstract booklet, a ticket for free public transportation in Hamburg (HVV Ticket) and other important items. The HVV Ticket will be valid throughout the conference week.

Please note: You will need the HVV Ticket (for free public transportation) to go to the DESY campus on Friday morning.

Conference Fee If you have not already paid your fee prior to arriving at the conference, you will be able to do so on Monday morning at the Registration Desk.

Conference Office The conference office is located in room 136 and will be open Monday to Thursday from 8:00 to 18:00 h.

Information Desk An Information Desk is set up in the foyer of the University’s Main Building at the registration area. The information desk opens throughout the conference as follows:

Monday 8:00 – 18:00 Tuesday 8:00 – 18:00 Wednesday 8:00 – 18:00 Thursday 8:00 – 18:00

WLAN Usage and WLAN Registration A conference WLAN will be set up at the venue. A password is needed to enter the conference WLAN. Passwords will be supplied during registration or later at the conference information desk.

Eduroam is available on the university campus without restrictions.

Welcome Reception

Welcome Reception (Monday, August 26, 2019, 19:00 h, Location: Beach-Club Strand Pauli) We invite all participants to join us for a welcome reception at Beach-Club Strand Pauli. This is one of the oldest beach clubs in Hamburg and thrills locals and tourists equally with its relaxed setting and spectacular views of the Hamburg harbour. This is an outdoor location, so please dress casually and according to the weather. Be sure to wear proper footwear for walking a short distance in sand.

Drinks and barbecue will be offered.

Please bring your badge as this will serve as the entrance ticket.

There are several options to get to the location:

1) Take a 45 minute walk through the famous city center park ‘Planten und Blomen' and a stretch of the Reeperbahn - see attached map.

2) Walk to Dammtor and take S-Bahn S21 direction Aumuehle and exit at Hauptbahnhof (central station), change platforms (you have to go up the stairs and down to the opposite platform) and take S-Bahn S3 direction Altona and exit at Landungsbrücken. From here you have to walk about 500 m; exit the station in direction 'Landungsbrücken', cross the street using the pedestrian bridge and walk along the waterfront towards West (right turn).

3) Walk 10 minutes to Stephansplatz and take Bus 112 direction Neumuehlen and exit at St. Pauli Hafenstraße directly opposite of the location.

4) Persons with limited mobility please contact the conference organizers.

The event is open ended. You can easily take public transportation (www.hvv.de/en) to get back to your hotel.

Address: Beach-Club StrandPauli Hafenstraße 89 Hamburg

Please see the map on the next page for details:

How to get from the conference venue to the reception:

https://geoportal-hamburg.de/geoportal/geo-online/

Conference Dinner

Conference Dinner (Thursday, August 29th, 19:00 h, Emporio Tower, top floor) The Conference Dinner will take place on Thursday 29th August at 19:00 at the Emporio Tower. This 90 m high building with 23 floors offers spectacular views over the city. The Emporio Tower is located in a short walking distance from the conference venue. Please see the map below. First and second course will be served at the table. Please indicate meat or veggie preferences upon registration. A welcome address, the invitation to FEL2021 and the announcement for FEL2023 will be given from the stage in the bar area, followed by the announcement of the 2019 FEL Prize and Young Investigator Prize Winners. Further discussions with your colleagues are possible over a desert buffet and live music. Please bring your badge as this will serve as the entrance ticket.

Address: Emporio Hamburg Dammtorwall 15 20355 Hamburg

https://geoportal-hamburg.de/geoportal/geo-online/ Sponsors & Student Grants

20 students from all over the world have been selected for student grants. We would like to acknowledge and thank the following institutes for their student support:

o Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste o MAX IV o Pohang Accelerator Laboratory o DESY o European XFEL

Student Grant Committee Marie-Emanuelle Couprie, Synchroton SOLEIL, Saint-Aubin John Galayda, SLAC, Stanford Jörg Rossbach (Chair), Universität Hamburg Oleg A. Shevchenko, BINP, Novosibirsk Zhentang Zhao, SINAP, Shanghai

Industrial Exhibition & List of Exhibitors

The industrial exhibition will be held from Tuesday through Thursday in a tent outside the University’s Main Building. An overview plan with booth numbers will be displayed at the entrance of the tent.

Exhibition hours: Tuesday 9:00 – 18:00 Wednesday 9:00 – 18:00 Thursday 9:00 – 18:00

List of exhibitors:

Company Name Company Logo

Agilent Technologies Sales & Services GmbH & Co. KG

Allectra Limited

attocube systems AG

CRYOPHYSICS GmbH

Cycle GmbH

ess Mikromechanik GmbH

FuG Elektronik GmbH

GLOBES

Goodfellow

Hositrad

incoatec GmbH

Inprentus

Instrumentation Technologies, d.o.o.

KYMA

Luvata Pori Oy

MicroTCA Technology Lab (A Helmholtz Innovation Lab)

Microwave Amps Ltd

OWIS GmbH

Pfeiffer Vacuum GmbH

Physik Instrumente (PI) GmbH & Co. KG

Phytron GmbH

PINK GmbH Vakuumtechnik

R&K Company Limited

SAES Getters S.p.A.

Schulz-Electronic GmbH

Shanghai ShuoSong Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.

SmarAct GmbH

Struck Innovative Systeme GmbH

Vacuum FAB srl

W-IE-NE-R Power Electronics GmbH

Lab Visits

We will offer several laboratory tours on Friday, August 30th, 2019.

You have the opportunity to visit either the FLASH experimental hall, the European XFEL accelerator or the European XFEL experimental hall after the morning session (tours last until about 14:30 h).

In case you are interested in visiting both European XFEL sites (accelerator and experimental hall) you should plan to stay until late afternoon. The last tour will finish at about 17:00 h.

You will be able to sign up for the tours during the conference. Places are limited. A bus transfer between DESY and the European XFEL Campus as well as to the local train station Othmarschen, serving the train line S1, will be provided.

The schedule will allow for lunch on either the DESY or European XFEL site.

Proceedings & Proceedings Office

A pre-press release of papers and slides will be available right after the conference on the FEL2019 website: https://www.fel2019.org/

The final FEL’19 conference proceedings will be published on the JACoW website: https://www.jacow.org/Main/Proceedings?sel=FEL

Proceedings Office In case there is a major problem with the paper the author must contact the Information Desk to arrange to see an Editor for help.

The Proceedings Office is located in Room 125.

Proceedings Office hours: Monday 8:00 – 18:30 Tuesday 8:30 – 18:30 Wednesday 8:30 – 18:30 Thursday 8:30 – 17:30

Authors are requested to check on the status of their submitted paper by first consulting the electronic dotting board located in the foyer or by logging in to their JACoW FEL’19 SPMS account: https://oraweb.cern.ch/pls/fel2019/profile.html

JACoW Editorial Team Ivan Andrian (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Italy) Dong-Eon Kim (PAL/POSTECH, Korea) Natalia Juszka (CERN, Switzerland) Michaela Marx (DESY, Editor-in-Chief) Raphael Müller (GSI, Germany) John Poole (Pioneer Editor and founding member of JACoW, UK) Ruth Rudolph (DESY, Germany) Jens Völker (HZB, Germany) Volker Schaa (GSI, Germany)

Oral Presentations

Oral Presentations Oral presentations will take place in Lecture Hall A (Hörsaal A).

Invited talks are 25 + 5 minutes (presentation + discussion) Contributed talks are 10 + 5 minutes (presentation + discussion) Exceptions: The “First Lasing Talks” on Monday Morning are scheduled for 5 minutes each; the memorial talk is 15 minutes, the FEL prize talks will last 20 minutes.

A speaker preparation room is available where speakers can preview and check their presentations for correct font embedding, movies, etc.

Speaker preparation office hours (Room 118) Monday 26 August: 8:00 – 17:00 Tuesday 27 August to Thursday 29 August: 08:00 – 17:30

Please note: Speakers must upload their talks to the SPMS at least 24 hours in advance of their presentations, https://oraweb.cern.ch/pls/fel2019/profile.html

Example: How to upload a presentation to the JACoW database (SPMS).

All speakers must give their presentations from the computer set up in the auditorium, individual laptops cannot be accepted. We will provide a Windows laptop with Microsoft Office.

We accept PowerPoint presentations as well as PDF slides files.

In case the slides were prepared on a Macintosh computer please convert the presentation to PDF and make sure that all fonts are embedded (it’s a Save Option).

Poster Sessions

Poster presentations are scheduled for Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday after lunch, from 14:15 to 15:45, in the tent outside the main building.

Each poster board will be labelled with the appropriate paper code for easy detection. Poster pins will be supplied.

Poster Size The poster format will be the ISO paper size of A0 Portrait. ISO A0 dimensions are 841 mm wide x 1189 mm high or 33.1 inches wide by 46.8 inches high.

Poster Rules Any paper not presented at the conference will be excluded from the Proceedings. Furthermore, the Scientific Program Committee reserves the right to reject publication of papers that were not properly presented in the poster sessions. Posters should be manned for at least one hour.

Poster Session Topics (Classifications)

Tuesday Poster Session - TUP FEL Theory, SASE FEL, Seeded FEL, and FEL Oscillators and Long Wavelengths FEL

Wednesday Poster Session - WEP Electron Sources, Electron Diagnostics, Timing, Synchronization & Controls, and Photon Beamline Instrumentations and Undulators

Thursday Poster Session - THP FEL Applications, Electron Beam Dynamics, Novel Concepts and Techniques, and Status of Projects and Facilities

Tutorials

As part of an educational program for those new to the field of FELs, there will be two 60 minutes lectures scheduled for Tuesday and Wednesday, from 18:00 to 19:00. The tutorial lectures will be given by Avraham Gover and Harald Sinn.

Tuesday, 27 August 2019, 18:00 – 19:00 h Title: Coherent Spontaneous Superradiance and Stimulated-Superradiant Emission of Bunched Electron Beams Speaker: Avraham Gover, University of Tel-Aviv, Tel-Aviv

Wednesday, 28 August 2019, 18:00 – 19:00 h Title: Photon Transport Beamline Design Speaker: Harald Sinn, EuXFEL, Hamburg

Scientific Program

Monday, August 26th (Location: Lecture Hall A)

Opening, Memorial Talk & First Lasing (Session MOA) 10:00 – 11:30, Chairs: Winni Decking & Harald Sinn

10:00 Opening of FEL2019 10:25 Memorial Talk: “Riding the FEL Instability”, Giuseppe Dattoli (ENEA C.R. Frascati) First Lasing Talks: 10:40 “First Lasing of a Free Electron Laser in the Soft X-Ray Spectral Range with Echo Enabled Harmonic Generation”, Enrico Allaria (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste) 10:45 “First Lasing at the CAEP THz FEL Facility”, Peng Li (CAEP/IAE) 10:50 “First Lasing at the SASE2 and SASE3 FELs of European XFEL”, Matthias Scholz (DESY) 10:55 “First Lasing at SXFEL“, Bo Liu (SARI-CAS) 11:00 “Commissioning of CW FEL Amplifier for Coherent Electron Cooler”, Vladimir Litvinenko (BNL) 11:05 “Commissioning Status of FELiChEM, an IR-FEL User Facility in China”, Heting Li (USTC/NSRL)

Coffee Break (11:30 – 12:00)

Status of Projects and Facilities 1 (Session MOB) 12:00 – 13:00, Chair: Siegfried Schreiber

12:00 Invited: “Operation Status and Future Perspective of Warm XFEL”, Hitoshi Tanaka (RIKEN SPring-8 Center) 12:30 Invited: “Overview on Future Continuous Wave X-Ray Free Electron Lasers”, Hans Weise (DESY)

Lunch Break (13:00 – 14:30)

FEL Prize Talks (Session MOC) 14:30 – 16:00, Chair: Dong Wang

14:30 “Regenerative Amplifier FEL - from IR to X-Rays“, Dinh C. Nguyen (LANL) 14:50 “Microbunching Instability and Laser Heater Usage in Seeded Free-Electron Lasers”, Eléonore Roussel (PhLAM/CERLA) 15:10 “Laser Heater Impact on the Performances of Seeded High Gain FELs”, Eugenio Ferrari (PSI) 15:30 “Accelerator Challenges for XFELs with Very High X-Ray Energies”, Bruce Carlsten (LANL)

Coffee Break (15:50 – 16:15)

FEL Theory (Session MOD) 16:15 – 17:45, Chair: Juhao Wu

16:15 Invited: “Physics of Post-Saturation Tapered FEL Towards Single-Frequency Terawatt Output Power”, Cheng-Ying Tsai (HUST, Wuhan) 16:45 Invited: “Microbunch Rotation and Coherent Undulator Radiation from a Kicked Electron Beam”, James MacArthur (SLAC) 17:15 “Hanbury Brown and Twiss Interferometry at XFEL Sources”, Ivan Vartaniants (DESY) 17:30 “Post-Saturation Dynamics of a Superradiant Spike in a Free-Electron Laser Amplifier”, Xi Yang (BNL)

Scientific Program

Tuesday, August 27th (Location: Lecture Hall A)

SASE FEL (Session TUA) 09:00 – 10:30, Chair: Eduard Prat

09:00 Invited: “Parallel Operation of SASE1 and SASE3 at European XFEL”, Shan Liu (DESY) 09:30 Invited: “Two-Pulse Schemes in Soft and Hard X-Ray FELs: Robustness Analysis of State-of- the-Art Solutions”, Alberto Lutman (SLAC) 10:00 “Generation of Sub-Femtosecond X-Ray Pulses at SwissFEL”, Alexander Malyzhenkov (PSI) 10:15 “Harmonic Lasing Experiment at the European XFEL”, Evgeny Schneidmiller (DESY)

Coffee Break (10:30 – 11:00)

Seeded FEL (Session TUB) 11:00 – 12:45, Chair: Giovanni De Ninno

11:00 Invited: “Echo-Enabled Harmonic Generation Lasing of the FERMI FEL in the Soft X-Ray Spectral Region”, Primoz Rebernik Ribič (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste) 11:30 Invited: “Reflection Self-Seeding at SACLA”, Toru Hara (RIKEN SPring-8 Center) 12:00 Invited: “Hard X-Ray Self-Seeding at PAL-XFEL”, Chang-Ki Min (PAL) 12:30 “Generation and Measurement of Intense Few-Femtosecond Superradiant Soft X-Ray Free Electron Laser Pulses”, Simone Spampinati (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste)

Lunch Break (12:45 – 14:15)

Poster Session 1 (Session TUP) 14:15 – 15:45 Topics: FEL Theory, SASE FEL, Seeded FEL, FEL Oscillators and Long Wavelengths FEL

Coffee Break (15:45 – 16:15)

FEL Oscillators and Long Wavelengths FEL (Session TUD) 16:15 – 17:45, Chair: Oleg Shevchenko

16:15 Invited: “Generating Orbital Angular Momentum Beams in an FEL Oscillator”, Ying K. Wu (FEL/Duke University, Durham, North Carolina) 16:45 Invited: “Application of Infrared FEL Oscillators for Producing Isolated Attosecond X-Ray Pulses via High-Harmonic Generation in Rare Gases”, Ryoichi Hajima (QST, Tokai) 17:15 “Fine and Hyperfine Structure of FEL Emission Spectra”, Vitaly Kubarev (BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk) 17:30 “Cavity-Based Free-Electron Laser Research and Development: A Joint Argonne National Laboratory and SLAC National Laboratory Collaboration”, Gabriel Marcus (SLAC)

Coffee Break (17:45 – 18:00)

Tutorial 18:00 – 19:00, Chair: Gianluca Geloni 18:00 “Coherent Spontaneous Superradiance and Stimulated-Superradiant Emission of Bunched Electron Beams”, Avraham Gover (University of Tel-Aviv)

Scientific Program

Wednesday, August 28th (Location: Lecture Hall A)

Electron Sources (Session WEA) 09:00 – 10:30, Chair: Bruce Carlsten

09:00 Invited: “Overview on CW RF Gun Developments for Short Wavelength FELs”, Houjun Qian (DESY Zeuthen) 09:30 Invited: “State-of-the-Art Photocathodes and New Developments”, Nathan Moody (LANL) 10:00 “Emittance Budget in the Transition Regime Between Linear Emission and Space Charge Dominated Photoemission”, Ye Chen (DESY Zeuthen) 10:15 “Growing and Characterization of Cs2Te Photocatodes with Different Thicknesses at INFN LASA”, Laura Monaco (INFN/LASA)

Coffee Break (10:30 – 11:00)

Electron Diagnostics, Timing, Synchronization, and Controls (Session WEB) 11:00 – 12:45, Chair: Alex Lumpkin

11:00 Invited: “Identification and Mitigation of Smoke-Ring Effects in Scintillator-Based Electron Beam Images at the European XFEL”, Gero Kube (DESY) 11:30 Invited: “Wire-Scanners with Sub-Micrometer Resolution: Developments and Measurements”, Gian Luca Orlandi (PSI) 12:00 Invited: “Application of Machine Learning to Beam Diagnostics”, Elena Fol (CERN) 12:30 “Few-Femtosecond Facility-Wide Synchronization of the European XFEL”, Sebastian Schulz (DESY)

Lunch Break (12:45 – 14:15)

Poster Session 2 (Session WEP) 14:15 – 15:45 Topics: Electron Sources, Electron Diagnostics, Timing, Synchronization, and Controls, Photon Beamline Instrumentation & Undulators, FEL Applications

Coffee Break (15:45 – 16:15)

Photon Beamline Instrumentation & Undulators (Session WED) 16:15 – 17:45, Chairs: Jan Grünert and Gianluca Geloni

16:15 Invited: “Experience with Short-Period, Small Gap Undulators at the SwissFEL Aramis Beamline”, Thomas Schmidt (PSI) 16:45 Invited: “Absorbed Radiation Doses on the European XFEL Undulator Systems During Early User Experiments”, Frederik Wolff-Fabris (EuXFEL) 17:15 “Pulse Resolved Photon Diagnostics at MHz Repetition Rates”, Jan Grünert (EuXFEL) 17:30 “Undulator Adjustment with the K-Monochromator System at the European XFEL”, Wolfgang Freund (EuXFEL)

Coffee Break (17:45 – 18:00)

Tutorial 18:00 – 19:00, Chair: Alex Lumpkin 18:00 “Photon Transport Beamline Design“, Haral Sinn (EuXFEL) 31

Scientific Program

Thursday, August 29th (Location: Lecture Hall A)

FEL Applications (Session THA) 09:00 – 10:45, Chair: Young Uk Jeong

09:00 Invited: “Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at MHz XFELs”, Marie Luise Grünbein (Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Heidelberg) 09:30 Invited: “Searching for the Hypothesized Liquid-Liquid Critical Point in Supercooled Water with X-Ray Free Electron Laser”, Kyung Hwan Kim (POSTECH) 10:15 Invited: “IR-FEL Project at the cERL and Future EUV-FEL Lithography “, Ryukou Kato (KEK) 10:30 “Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics at the Low-Fluence Limit Supported by External Magnetic Fields”, Matthias Riepp (DESY)

Coffee Break (10:45 – 11:15)

Electron Beam Dynamics (Session THB) 11:15 – 12:45, Chair: Simona Bettoni

11:15 Invited: “Using an E-SASE Compression to Suppress Microbunch Instability and Resistive-Wall Wake Effects”, Petr Anisimov (LANL) 11:45 Invited: “Understanding 1-D to 3-D Coherent Synchrotron Radiation Effects”, Alexander Brynes (STFC/DL/ASTeC) 12:15 “Emittance Measurements and Minimization at SwissFEL”, Philipp Dijkstal (PSI) 12:30 “Longitudinal Phase Space Study on Injector Beam of High Repetition Rate FEL”, Qiang Gu (SSRF)

Lunch Break (12:45 – 14:15)

Poster Session 3 (Session THP) 14:15 – 15:45 Topics: Electron Beam Dynamics, Novel Concepts and Techniques, Status of Projects and Facilities

Coffee Break (15:45 – 16:15)

Novel Concepts and Techniques (Session THD) 16:15 – 18:00, Chair: Sandra Biedron

16:15 Invited: “From Femtosecond to Attosecond Coherent Undulator Pulses”, Vitaliy Goryashko (Uppsala University) 16:45 Invited: “Attosecond Pulses from Enhanced SASE at LCLS”, Agostino Marinelli (SLAC) 17:15 Invited: “FEL Optimization: From Model-Free to Model-Dependent Approaches and ML Prospects”, Sergey Tomin (EuXFEL) 17:30 “A Novel Optical Undulator Using Array of Pulse-Front Tilted Laser Beams”, Weihao Liu (USTC/NSRL)

Break (18:00 – 19:00)

19:00 Conference Dinner

Scientific Program

Friday, August 30th (New Location: DESY campus, main auditorium)

Status of Projects and Facilities 2 (Session FRA) 09:00 – 11:30, Chair: Luca Gianessi

09:00 Invited: “Operation at the European XFEL Facility”, Dirk Noelle (DESY) 09:30 Invited: “LCLS-II - Status and Upgrades”, Axel Brachmann (SLAC) 10:00 Invited: “FLASH - Status and Upgrades”, Juliane Roensch-Schulenburg (DESY) 10:30 Invited: “Status of SXFEL Test and User Facilities”, Zhentang Zhao (SSRF) 11:00 Concluding Remarks, Introduction Lab Visits

Coffee Break (11:30 – 12:00)

Lab Visits (EuXFEL, FLASH) 12:00 – 17:00

17:00 End of the Conference

Table of Abstracts

MOA — Monday - Early Morning ...... 37 MOA01 Riding the FEL Instability ...... 37 Table of Abstracts MOA02 First Lasing of a Free Electron Laser in the Soft X-Ray Spectral Range with Echo Enabled Harmonic Generation...... 37 MOA03 First Lasing at the CAEP THz FEL Facility ...... 37 MOA04 First Lasing at the SASE2 and SASE3 FELs of European XFEL ...... 37 MOA05 First Lasing at SXFEL ...... 37 MOA06 Commissioning of CW FEL Amplifier for Coherent Electron Cooler ...... 37 MOA07 Commissioning Status of FELiChEM, an IR-FEL User Facility in China ...... 37 MOB — Monday - Late Morning ...... 38 MOB01 Operation Status and Future Perspective of Warm XFEL ...... 38 MOB02 Overview on Future Continuous Wave X-Ray Free Electron Lasers ...... 38 MOC — Monday - Early Afternoon ...... 39 MOC01 Regenerative Amplifier FEL - from IR to X-Rays ...... 39 MOC02 Microbunching Instability and Laser Heater Usage in Seeded Free-Electron Lasers ...... 39 MOC03 Laser Heater Impact on the Performances of Seeded High Gain FELs ...... 39 MOC04 Accelerator Challenges for XFELs with Very High X-Ray Energies ...... 39 MOD — Monday - Late Afternoon ...... 40 MOD01 Physics of Post-Saturation Tapered FEL Towards Single-Frequency Terawatt Output Power ...... 40 MOD02 Microbunch Rotation and Coherent Undulator Radiation from a Kicked Electron Beam ...... 40 MOD03 Hanbury Brown and Twiss Interferometry at XFEL Sources ...... 40 MOD04 Post-Saturation Dynamics of a Superradiant Spike in a Free-Electron Laser Amplifier ...... 40 TUA — Tuesday - Early Morning ...... 41 TUA01 Parallel Operation of SASE1 and SASE3 at European XFEL ...... 41 TUA02 Two-Pulse Schemes in Soft and Hard X-Ray FELs: Robustness Analysis of State-of-the-Art Solutions 41 TUA03 Generation of Sub-Femtosecond X-Ray Pulses at SwissFEL ...... 41 TUA04 Harmonic Lasing Experiment at the European XFEL ...... 41 TUB — Tuesday - Late Morning ...... 42 TUB01 Echo-Enabled Harmonic Generation Lasing of the FERMI FEL in the Soft X-Ray Spectral Region . . . 42 TUB02 Reflection Self-Seeding at SACLA ...... 42 TUB03 Hard X-Ray Self-Seeding at PAL-XFEL ...... 42 TUB04 Generation and Measurement of Intense Few-Femtosecond Superradiant Soft X-Ray Free Electron Laser Pulses ...... 42 TUP — Tuesday Poster Session ...... 43 TUD — Tuesday - Late Afternoon ...... 58 TUD01 Generating Orbital Angular Momentum Beams in an FEL Oscillator ...... 58 TUD02 Application of Infrared FEL Oscillators for Producing Isolated Attosecond X-Ray Pulses via High- Harmonic Generation in Rare Gases ...... 58 TUD03 Fine and Hyperfine Structure of FEL Emission Spectra ...... 58 TUD04 Cavity-Based Free-Electron Laser Research and Development: A Joint Argonne National Laboratory and SLAC National Laboratory Collaboration ...... 58 TUT — Tuesday Tutorial ...... 59 TUT01 Coherent Spontaneous Superradiance and Stimulated-Superradiant Emission of Bunched Electron Beams ...... 59 WEA — Wednesday - Early Morning ...... 60 WEA01 Overview on CW RF Gun Developments for Short Wavelength FELs ...... 60 WEA02 State-of-the-Art Photocathodes and New Developments ...... 60 WEA03 Emittance Budget in the Transition Regime Between Linear Emission and Space Charge Dominated Photoemission ...... 60 WEA04 Growing and Characterization of Cs2Te Photocatodes with Different Thicknesses at INFN LASA . . . 60 WEB — Wednesday - Late Morning ...... 61 WEB01 Identification and Mitigation of Smoke-Ring Effects in Scintillator-Based Electron Beam Images at the European XFEL ...... 61 WEB02 Wire-Scanners with Sub-Micrometer Resolution: Developments and Measurements ...... 61 WEB03 Application of Machine Learning to Beam Diagnostics ...... 61 WEB04 Few-Femtosecond Facility-Wide Synchronization of the European XFEL ...... 61 WEP — Wednesday Poster Session ...... 62 35 80 80 80 80 81 82 82 83 83 83 83 98 98 98 98 99 99 99 99 82 81 99 82 84 98 100 80 83 82 ...... Searching for the Hypothesized Liquid-Liquid Critical Point in Supercooled Water with X-Ray Free ...... FEL Operation at the European XFELLCLS-II Facility - Status and . Upgrades .FLASH . - . Status . and . Upgrades .Status . of . SXFEL . . Test . and . . User Facilities ...... From Femtosecond to Attosecond Coherent Undulator PulsesAttosecond Pulses from . Enhanced SASE . atFEL LCLS . Optimization: From . Model-Free . to . Model-Dependent . ApproachesA and Novel . . ML Optical Undulator Prospects . Using . Array of . . Pulse-Front . Tilted . Laser . . Beams ...... Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics at the Low-Fluence Limit Supported by External Magnetic Fields Using an E-SASE Compression to Suppress MicrobunchUnderstanding Instability 1-D and to Resistive-Wall 3-D Wake Coherent Effects Synchrotron Radiation . Emittance Effects Measurements and Minimization . at SwissFEL .Longitudinal Phase . . Space Study . . on Injector Beam . . of High . . Repetition Rate . . FEL ...... Photon Transport Beamline Design . . . .Serial Femtosecond Crystallography . at MHz . XFELs ...... IR-FEL . Project . at . the . cERL . and . Future EUV-FEL . Lithography ...... Experience with Short-Period, Small Gap Undulators atAbsorbed the Radiation SwissFEL Doses Aramis on Beamline the EuropeanPulse XFEL . Resolved Undulator Systems Photon . During Diagnostics Early at . User MHz Experiments RepetitionUndulator Adjustment Rates . with the . . K-Monochromator System . at . the . European . XFEL ...... Electron Laser ...... Wednesday - Late Afternoon Wednesday Tutorial Thursday - Late Afternoon Friday - Early Morning Thursday - Late Morning Thursday Poster Session Thursday - Early Morning — — — — — — — FRA01 FRA02 FRA03 FRA04 THD01 THD02 THD03 THD04 THA04 THB01 THB02 THB03 THB04 WET01 THA01 THA02 THA03 WED01 WED02 WED03 WED04 Author List FRA THP THD THB WET THA WED 36

Table of Abstracts 11:05 11:00 10:55 10:50 10:45 10:40 10:25 MOA03 MOA07 MOA06 MOA05 MOA04 MOA02 MOA01 6Ag1 02 13 uioim(etr alA) Hall (Lecture Auditorium 11:30 – 10:25 26-Aug-19

5 5 5 5 5 5 15 omsinn ttso EihM nI-E srFclt nChina in Facility User IR-FEL an FELiChEM, of Status Commissioning Cooler Electron Coherent for Amplifier FEL CW of Commissioning SXFEL at Lasing First XFEL European of FELs SASE3 and SASE2 the at Lasing First Facility FEL THz CAEP the at Lasing First Genera- Harmonic Enabled Echo with Range Spectral X-Ray Soft the in Laser Electron Free a of Lasing First Instability FEL the Riding eu ehv eosrtdtefis vdneo xoeta ani reeeto ae prtdi EGat EEHG in operated laser electron free a in nm. gain a modified 5 exponential as the to of short new With addition evidence as a wavelengths first components. In and the diagnostic changed demonstrated additional modulator line. have nor- stage hosting delay we second chicane in setup a the delay-line Generation which increased, by the Harmonic was line in separated delay-line Enabled undulator installed generation the manipulator FEL-2 Echo in harmonic dispersion FERMI the high-gain the the laser, of in seed of stages Laser new modification two Electron a uses Free required operation a experiment mal of The operation scheme. successful (EEHG) the on Tong IV Jiao (MAX report (Shanghai Pop We Xiang M.A. D. (LBNL) (EuXFEL) Penn Tanikawa G. T. (CNR-IFN) (PhLAM/CERCLA) University) Miotti P. Roussel (SLAC) (LUXOR) E. Poletto L.P. Hemsing University) Frassetto, F. H.- Lund E. (SARI-CAS) Laboratory, S.C.p.A.) (DESY) Feng Grattoni C. Trieste V. Veronese, Gorica) (Elettra-Sincrotrone (CEA) Nova Couprie, M. M.-E. of Garzella Grulja (CNR-ISM) Trovò, (University D. Coreno Ninno M. M. Trieste) De dr. of Svandrlik, G. (University S. Bruchon (SOLEIL) M. N. Ghaith (PSI) Zangrando, A. Sturari, Reiche S. M. L. Prat, Ribiˇc, E. Zangrando, Ferrari, Spezzani, Rebernik P. E. D. Braun, C. Raimondi, H. Zaccaria, Spampinati, L. M. Principi, S. Malvestuto, E. Vivoda, Sigalotti, M. P. Penco, D. Mahne, Scafuri, G. N. Nikolov, C. Lonza, Fe- I. M. M. Sauro, Fawley, Mirian, Kurdi, W.M. R. G. N.S. Diviacco, Iazzourene, Masciovecchio, F. B. Giannessi, C. Mitri, L. Di Manfredda, Giacuzzo, S. F. M. Demidovich, Gaio, A.A. G. Ninno, Foglia, De L. G. rianis, Danailov, M.B. Cudin, I. Coreno, M. UT) hs oedvc sa E siltrgnrtn ideifae n a-nrrdlsradcovering and laser far-infrared and middle-infrared 2.5-200 generating of oscillator range FEL spectral an China the of Technology is and device Science of core University in whose constructed (USTC), been has FELiChEM named facility user IR-FEL An Li H.T. Litvinenko V. 2018. May Zhao FEL in Z.T. SASE SASE2 X-ray FEL soft SASE the X-Ray at hard lasing second first the the at on and report 2018 We February Lasers. in Electron SASE3 Free three includes XFEL European The Scholz status M. operation and parameters briefly. specific introduced the are paper, experiments this user In some 10 MW. Finally, than 0.5 presented. more are than is power CTFEL more average of is The photocathode power THz. GaAs micro-pulse resonator. 4 a the to optical THz of and quasi-concentric 2 a W consists from and adjustable facility undulator continuous FEL is planar THz frequency laser’s a terahertz This linac, The FEL FEL. RF THz superconducting type first a oscillator the gun, an is DC was CTFEL) high-voltage FEL, which THz China, (CAEP in laser facility electron free user terahertz Physics Engineering of Academy China Li M. Allaria E. these perspective. tion reviews this from paper FEL the The to Renieri Limit is Alberto (Renieri synchrotron...). of beam, interest contribution and scientific the practical the saw-tooth affecting of of like overview issues an instabilities, instabilities offers involves other and of It problems and suppression dynamics. FELs, FEL associated Ring the the Storage between of in interplay aspects interesting The associated the is instability. of radiation, coherent an one of of source Electron onset Free any the of that with like operation, (FEL) Laser Electron Free The Dattoli G. ae epeettecmisoigsau n oeseilissues. special some and status commissioning the present we paper amplifier. FEL such of commissioning beam successful electron MeV of 14.5 results by regime present driven linear we is a talk and in this wigglers operating In helical be accelerator. three to SRF of has CW comprised FEL from is the with FEL contrast e.g. CeC amplifier, In The FEL. linear gain a saturation. high needs without a significantly CeC using the amplified to applications, is FEL beam potential electron typical sys- cooling the a CeC a with a has interaction In beam (CeC) colliders. hadron electron-hadron a Cooling tem, and electron hadron-hadron high-intensity Coherent high-energy, of FEL-based luminosity An boosting team CeC for V.N.Litvinenko and progress commissioning The 2019. in reported. achieved finally be is will effort, mode results of cascading recent years designed After with 2014. nm of 8.8 December at in lasing construction first its started (SXFEL) laser free-electron X-ray soft Shanghai (SINAP) , P. ..Ja .Wn,SC hn (USTC/NSRL) Zhang S.C. Wang, L. Jia, Q.K. , i .W (CAEP/IAE) Wu D. Li, .Arm,L aao .Bsi .Buhn .Cptni .Csrnv,M atr,P Cinquegrana, P. Cautero, M. Castronovo, D. Capotondi, F. Bruchon, N. Bossi, M. Badano, L. Abrami, A. , .G,Q u ..Ln SR)HX Deng, H.X. (SSRF) Leng Y.B. Gu, Q. Gu, M. , (DESY) EE ..Fact)C elgii(SLAC) Pellegrini C. Frascati) C.R. (ENEA (BNL) µ .Tecmisoigo h ahn a tre rmAgs,21.I this In 2018. August, from started was machine the of commissioning The m. MOA Chair: — ody-EryMorning Early - Monday .Dcig(DESY) Decking W. B. i,D ag(AICS ..Fn,L i,M Zhang M. Yin, L. Fang, G.P. (SARI-CAS) Wang D. Liu, 37

26 Aug – Mon s and bunch repetition rates of up to 4.5 MHz, new fa- µ S. Schreiber (DESY) Monday - Late Morning — Chair: MOB (RIKEN SPring-8 Center) (DESY)

H. Weise FELs based on superconducting accelerators offer awith photon the beam electron time bunch properties structure being tailored to flexibleated effectively in FLASH meet pulse facility user pattern, as requirements. While well DESY’soperated as long in the time pulsed in oper- mode 2017 with commissioned bunchcilities European trains aim of XFEL for up in continuous to wave the 600 (cw) Hamburg RFThe region, operation used allowing Germany, bunch accelerator are repetition modules rates are of still typicallyin 100 using kHz the the to accelerating so-called 1 structure TESLA MHz. design technology. Minor bringing but the LCLS-II, essential being cryogenic modifications under load construction to at arecently SLAC, reasonable U.S., started and uses SHINE acceptable so-called project Nitrogen level. doped at The acceleratinggrade Shanghai, upcom- structures. towards China, cw, The also will so-called adopt large similar grainR&D ideas. Niobium towards is the For an great a future option. possible of The European X-ray presentation XFEL FELs. will up- Activities give in an all overview three about regions will be described. H. Tanaka The world first XFEL facility,provide LCLS high adopted quality a electron warm beamssuccess (normal with of LCLS, conducting) high SACLA, PAL-XFEL S-band energy and SwissFEL RF for basedstructed technology generating on and the stable to have warm SASE-based constantly RF started technologies XFELs. their of userwarm S- Following or XFEL operations C-bands facilities the or were have test con- developed experiments various viafor advanced FEL the user schemes beam-commissioning experiments. making phase. high They These performance haveportunities XFELs been available and continuously potentiality. upgrading This the talk operationspresent will future for perspectives overview expanding compared the experimental with op- current cold operational (super-conducting) XFEL status facilities. of warm XFEL facilities and Overview on Future Continuous Wave X-Ray Free Electron Lasers Operation Status and Future Perspective of Warm XFEL

30 30 26-Aug-19 12:00 – 13:00 Auditorium (Lecture Hall A) 38 MOB01 MOB02 12:30 12:00

26 Aug – Mon 15:30 15:10 14:50 14:30 MOC04 MOC03 MOC02 MOC01 6Ag1 43 55 uioim(etr alA) Hall (Lecture Auditorium 15:50 – 14:30 26-Aug-19

20 20 20 20 ceeao hlegsfrXEswt eyHg -a Energies X-Ray High Very with XFELs for Challenges Accelerator FELs Gain High Seeded of Performances the on Impact Heater Laser Lasers Free-Electron Seeded in Usage Heater Laser and Instability Microbunching X-Rays to IR from - FEL Amplifier Regenerative nuao eitv alwks h irbnhisaiiy n nrba scattering. radiation, intrabeam synchrotron and coherent instability, by microbunch novel introduced the energies, limitations wakes, beam eliminate wall electron resistive or possible undulator lowest suppress opera- the to at and employed XFELs be construction future may increased these schemes for to margin leading design current used, provide current To in are than costs. in architectures higher tion those accelerator significantly be conventional than to if spreads need designs would energy energies XFEL relative beam electron and requirement, emittances this keV, satisfy To laboratory 20 than XFELs. lower greater with much energies beams with electron X-rays coherent requiring produce will (XFELs) Lasers Free-Electron X-ray efficient Future of possibility the the on Carlsten on B.E. focus focus we particular contribution with facility, this levels. power FEL In unexpected seeded with radiation a generation. wavelength on FEL e.g., short system beam of multicolor generation electron such for the of is or of impact improvement properties radiation, and the The of manipulate usage en- to pulses slice world. used the short extensively the in produce been increase around also to controllable has facilities a system FEL via The instability operating spread. microbunching ergy the longitudinal of the drive They suppressing most that lightsources. by in such accelerators achieved of used the performance routinely the for improving nowadays component dramatically facilities, important are (FEL) an laser electron be free to gain high demonstrated been have systems Laser-heater Ferrari E. presented. be challenge. will open microbunching an its also potentially remains and beam beam electron electron the the in measure benefit level to to microbunching strategies strategies Innovative the with of quality spectral here observation FEL Direct on present pulses. effect that. FEL We its multi-color from and producing up- issues also harmonic process. instability or the microbunching amplification pulses improving on years, FEL report as FEL also last short such We generating FELs the the FEL, seeded In seeded influence on HGHG achieved to in instability. examples process this device specific conversion with dump powerful FELs to a in order usages also LH in be several spread to nowadays energy are proven beam a systems have Laser-heater electron is there domain. the instability X-ray control microbunching the to in so-called high- pulses used The coherent by routinely of driven quality. generation in are the beam develop for They the can limitation major degrading instabilities domain. spatio-temporal chicanes X-rays However, compressor soft accelerators. magnetic and linear the EUV in the produced beams in electron sources quality coherent tremendous are FELs Seeded Roussel E. Bragg reflecting partially the as used be can a Similarly, length be extinction condition. may Bragg the steady-state backscattering than provide the Bragg to less reach crystal used of thickness to reflectivity be with short the (111) achieve can too RAFEL, diamond are to backscattering the thin spikes X-rays Bragg For X-ray the XFELO. region, sub-femtosecond in optical the the X-ray as RAFEL for to the lower reflectivity considered due a In high have beam in very researchers on-axis FELs. saturation provide of an high-repetition-rate demonstrated to pass. number to in and next a annular coherence beam the then, an temporal annular Since for from full an transformed seed power. reflect output the high to RAFEL as at out-coupler the undulator guiding theorized hole high-gain We a a used exiting passes. radiation we few the RAFEL, of IR fraction the small For a uses RAFEL The Nguyen D.C. eetn rg rsa evsa h AE oeetXryoutput. X-ray ( coherent radiation RAFEL transmitted the The as saturation. serves reach crystal Bragg to reflecting X-rays the in gain single-pass large PI .Rusl(PhLAM/CERCLA) Roussel E. (PSI) PLMCRA .Frai(PSI) Ferrari E. (PhLAM/CERLA) (LANL) (LANL) ∼ 0 eetvt ihnthe within reflectivity 50% MOC — Chair: ody-EryAfternoon Early - Monday ∼ .Wn (SINAP) Wang D. 10 -5 pcrlrsos uv,sfcetyhg o h AE with RAFEL the for high sufficiently curve, response spectral ∼ 0)truhtepartially the through 50%) 39

26 Aug – Mon J. Wu (SLAC) Monday - Late Afternoon Chair: — MOD (SLAC) (DESY) (HUST) (BNL) L. Giannessi (ENEA C.R. Frascati) L. Giannessi, N.S. Mirian (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.)

X. Yang The generation of a single X-raytemporal isolated spike duration of represents radiation a with unique peakor power opportunity at non-periodic in multi-GW structures time level for and resolved acquiring femtosecond diffractionplace. single imaging Such shot of a images isolated condition before is molecules the metreducing Coulomb the by pulse explosion an duration FEL of while operating the increasing in the sampleisolated superradiant peak takes spike regime power of and for radiation the the pulse in possibility energy. superradiantgroup of We regime. study velocity simultaneously the larger We dynamics show than of that one an conditions andThe exist is tail where followed the by is a pulse constituted pedestal moves by resulting withamplitudes. a from a We a train analyze complex of the post-saturation sub-pulses dynamic. dynamicalstudy with conditions the both correlation leading of transverse to the and the tail structure formationto longitudinal with partially of coherence the suppress the and longitudinal this main phase decaying tail. space pulse of and the the electrons and tail. provide a We recipe I. Vartaniants The invention of optical laserstics. led The reasons to were a the unique revolutionlasers statistical in (FELs) and the are coherence sources properties field of of of bright, lasers.order optics coherent of Short-wavelength tens extreme-ultraviolet free-electron as of and femtoseconds well X-ray and as radiation are presentlyand with to considered Twiss pulse to the (HBT) be duration laser birth interferometry on sources the of at that theseof is quantum energies. based op- Hanbury the Brown on FEL intensity statistical correlationshighly allows properties. spatially fast coherent and to We comprehensive the demonstrate analysis first-order,measurements that but performed despite self-amplified at their an spontaneous name, externally emission statistically seededaccording behave to (SASE) FEL as a FERMI FELs chaotic Glauber showed definition. sources. are that it HBT behaves as a real laser-like source J.P.MacArthur Microbunches form perpendicular to thethey electron shear travel rather direction, than and rotate the in conventionalmode. response understanding We to show is a that that transverse microbunches kick, rotatedefocused. locking toward the FEL We new provide facilities direction evidence into of that aradiation travel single-user microbunch observed if operating rotation the during explains electron experiments the beam at unexpectedly ismultiplexed the kicked into large Linac and at amount Coherent least of Light three off-axis Source. softscheme X-ray of We beams offset demonstrate using quadrupoles that that this LCLS was principle. can used Finally, be to we produce report two on distinct a hard more X-ray sophisticated spots at LCLS. C.-Y. Tsai TW-level output power of apower can single-pass be high-gain achieved x-ray out FELgreat of challenges, has including beneficial recently sustaining FEL power attracted growth instability. and muchPost-saturation The retaining attention. FEL spectral remaining purity physics factor in GW-level involves the of the post-saturation 50this regime. sideband before talk instability, reaching I radiation TW will diffraction, poses introduce undulatoroverall FEL tapering performance. sideband etc. and Undulator In diffraction taperingWe effects, is recently and known proposed give an an an effective estimatespace, efficiency-enhancement route of which scheme to ensures individual based trapping enhance effects of on to power resonanttage preserving the extraction particles of in the efficiency. the the longitudinal increasing ponderomotive radiation beam bucketthe amplitude and phase optimal to meanwhile power precipitate takes efficiency the advan- based particle onimproved deceleration the within process. proposed a Analysis scheme, relative short together shows taper with that length a and prebunched the beam, sideband can effects be effectively greatly suppressed. Post-Saturation Dynamics of a Superradiant Spike in a Free-Electron Laser Amplifier Hanbury Brown and Twiss Interferometry at XFEL Sources Microbunch Rotation and Coherent Undulator Radiation from a Kicked Electron Beam Physics of Post-Saturation Tapered FEL Towards Single-Frequency Terawatt Output Power

15 30 30 15 26-Aug-19 16:15 – 17:45 Auditorium (Lecture Hall A) 40 MOD04 MOD03 MOD01 MOD02 17:30 17:15 16:45 16:15

26 Aug – Mon 10:15 10:00 09:30 09:00 TUA04 TUA03 TUA02 TUA01 7Ag1 90 03 uioim(etr alA) Hall (Lecture Auditorium 10:30 – 09:00 27-Aug-19

15 15 30 30 amncLsn xeieta h uoenXFEL European the at Experiment Lasing Harmonic SwissFEL at Pulses X-Ray Sub-Femtosecond of Generation Solutions State-of-the-Art of Analysis Robustness FELs: X-Ray Hard and Soft in Schemes Two-Pulse XFEL European at SASE3 and SASE1 of Operation Parallel fHS E nteAgto eie hsi nipratmlsoeo h a oad amnclsn tthe at lasing harmonic keV. towards 100 way to the up on range, milestone X-ray important ultra-hard operation an the Emission demonstrated is in successfully This Spontaneous XFEL we regime. European Self-Amplified where Angstrom the XFEL a in European of FEL the HLSS power from of results spectral recent that and present (HLSS) We coherence Self-Seeding FEL. Lasing longitudinal sta- (SASE) user Harmonic intense, the is more FEL improve application much X-ray interesting to a planned Another provide allows and can beam. existing lasing FEL of narrow-band harmonic range and generation, energy ble, harmonic photon nonlinear the to extend Contrary to facilities. opportunity Wolff-Fabris F. an Sinn, H. is Serkez, lasing S. Samoylova, Harmonic L. Petrov, I. Maltezopoulos, Th. Liu, (EuXFEL) J. Li, Y. Laksman, J. Kujala, N.G. Schneidmiller E. configu- particular the on settings. depending undulator realized and be beam can electron that the regimes of lasing and ration com- performance FEL FEL nonlinear different of optimized discuss terms an current also in We of compared specially-tailored stability. are means a schemes by compression with microjoule achieved nonlinear three-stage is bunch few and configuration Two- electron This pression. A the space. SwissFEL. by phase experimentally at then produced longitudinal and and are pulses simulations profile by pulses FEL predicted X-ray been X-ray have Ultra-short domain hard frequency demonstrated. sub-femtosecond the in of spike single generation a with first pulses the on report We Malyzhenkov A. operation the by on enabled schemes. be be two-color will different can talk the this that for in schemes An multiple reproducibility focus fresh-slice simplicity. The and occasions reliability operation the matching. other robustness, on transverse with by In falls produced or one X-rays control used one. orbit soft the time-dependent single the different of in a choice the beams to the two-color or and scheme are beams wavelength usable example X-ray the the desired experiments, the of produce in particular choice can requirements For the schemes experimental limits control. increasing range delay the applicability and meet delay separation to wavelength developed power, been of have terms schemes two-pulse X-ray Several Lutman undulators. A.A. both of operation possible report in as will independent series We as in enable background. that radiation located solutions synchrotron are and their and experience (SASE3) and intensity operating FEL undulators the SASE on both SASE of for terms X-Ray conditions in soft operating experiments the a user couples and subsequent configuration (SASE1) This FEL beamline. electron SASE same X-Ray the hard a XFEL European At Liu S. (DESY) (SLAC) ..Abl,S etn,P rivc,P iktl .Frai ..Jrnˇ,E rt .Rih (PSI) Reiche S. Prat, Juraniˇc, P.N. Ferrari, E. E. Dijkstal, P. Craievich, P. Bettoni, S. Y.P. Arbelo, , .Bikr .Dcig .Nle ..Yro,I aoonv(EY .Grsmv,J Grünert, J. Gerasimova, N. (DESY) Zagorodnov I. Yurkov, M.V. Nölle, D. Decking, W. Brinker, F. , TUA — usa al Morning Early - Tuesday Chair: .Pa (PSI) Prat E. 41

27 Aug – Tue ) do not degrade -4 0.5 eV FWHM in contrast to ∼ 200 in the SASE operation. In this case, 14.4 keV), and will be soon provided to ∼ ∼ Tuesday - Late Morning — TUB G. De Ninno (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.) Chair: (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.) , E. Allaria, L. Badano, C. Callegari, G. De Ninno, M. Di Fraia, S. Di Mitri, L. Giannessi, N. Mahne, Hara (RIKEN SPring-8 Center) , M.H. Cho, H. Heo, H.-S. Kang, C. Kim, G. Kim, M.J. Kim, J.H. Ko, D.H. Na, I.H. Nam, B.G. Oh, S.Y. Rah, T. ,

the photon number of filtered FELrandom is expected and to spiky be SASE fluctuated spectra. 100%much from We the the found narrow bandwidth seeding that filtering our performance outprobability. energy of and stability The the advantages of of electron large 30 bunches variationpresented. um (10 of thin diamond the crystal seeded and FEL diagnostic intensity tool for will the be self-seeding from will be the also seeding SASE mode, in which thelongitudinal spectral mode bandwidth laser is since around the 20 number eV. of This longitudinal implies mode that is the 100 seeded FEL can be a single Pulses S. Spampinati M. Manfredda, N.S. Mirian, G. Penco, O. Plekan,M. K.C. Prince, Zangrando L. (Elettra-Sincrotrone Raimondi, Trieste P.Rebernik Spezzani, Ribiˇc,C. S.C.p.A.) M. R. Trovò, X. Feifel, Yang (BNL) R. Squibb (Uppsala University)Intense T. FEL Mazza (EuXFEL) VUV andlibrium soft dynamics X-ray or pulses to with pumpnot a the depleted time sample by duration secondary driving of new energyposed to decay phase few reduce transitions channels, fs the in such allows FEL regimessuch as pulse to where duration Auger as probe are uniform effect emittance, ultrafast, based heating [Principi]. beam on out-of is ternative current, a Most equi- based manipulation energy of of on spread, the longitudinal the trajectory electron methods exploitationand or beam proof superradiance properties optical the in functions. FEL a We dynamichave cascade present process implemented of an itself, for undulators attractive driving the resonant al- theand at first producing FEL higher time high-power, amplifier harmonics stable, a in FEL of multistage saturation pulsesconfiguration an superradiant used with initial and cascade a of seed. reaching duration the of EUV-soft characterization At about of X-ray the 5 FERMI wavelengths radiation fs. we produced in We this report regime. here the analysis of the C.-K. Min C.H. Shim, Y.J. Suh, H. Yang (PAL)A K. Kim, hard D. X-ray Shu, self-seeding Yu. Shvyd’ko utilizing (ANL) has time-delayed been forward successfully Bragg diffracted commissioned photons in from a thin broad diamond crystals spectral range (3.5 I. Inoue XFEL are widely operatedneous based radiation on originating the from self-amplified densitynetic spontaneous field modulations in emission in undulators. the (SASE) electronstarting-up scheme, Although beam processes the where cause is SASE sponta- poor amplified scheme temporal effectively alongkeeping coherence high produces periodic and intensity, intense we mag- a X-ray have broad recently beams, developedseeding; spectrum. the an the stochastic efficient To SASE-XFEL narrow seeding beam the scheme in at bandwidthchannel-cut the SACLA, while crystal, called first-half reflection undulators and self- is the monochromatized monochromaticscheme via to seed Bragg SACLA, is reflection we amplified of succeeded in a inan producing silicon increase the nearly of remaining spectral Fourier-transform-limited XFEL brightness undulators. by pulses, a correspondingabout By factor the to of applying concept six of this with the respect reflection to self-seedingstatus the and and SASE-XFEL. technical future In details. perspectives this Also, of presentation, I I the will will reflection report talk self-seeding on at the current SACLA. operation user experiments. In the self-seeded mode, the spectral bandwidth is typically 0.2 P.Rebernik Ribiˇc The layout of the FERMI FEL-2tion undulator (HGHG) line, configuration, normally was operated temporarily in modifiedgeneration the to (EEHG) two-stage allow high-gain mode. running harmonic The the genera- EEHG FELlengths setup in as produced the short stable, echo-enabled intense harmonic as and 5.9gives nearly significantly nm fully better (211 coherent spectra pulses eV). in atharmonics, terms Comparing wave- where of the electron-beam the performance imperfections central to start wavelengthband, the stability to coherent and two-stage play emission bandwidth, HGHG a down especially significant showed to atshorter role. that 2.6 high wavelengths. EEHG nm Observation (474 of eV) stable, narrow- indicates the possibility to extend the lasing region to even Generation and Measurement of Intense Few-Femtosecond Superradiant Soft X-Ray Free Electron Laser Hard X-Ray Self-Seeding at PAL-XFEL Reflection Self-Seeding at SACLA Echo-Enabled Harmonic Generation Lasing of the FERMI FEL in the Soft X-Ray Spectral Region

15 30 30 30 27-Aug-19 11:00 – 12:45 Auditorium (Lecture Hall A) TUB04 42 TUB03 TUB01 TUB02 12:30 12:00 11:30 11:00

27 Aug – Tue TUP006 TUP005 TUP004 TUP003 TUP002 TUP001 7Ag1 41 15:45 – 14:15 27-Aug-19 esblt td fa xenlLsrSeigfrteErpa XFEL European the for Seeding External-Laser an of Study Feasibility XFELs for Source Undulator THz Superradiant A PITZ at Experiment Proof-of-Principle FEL SASE THz the for Compressor Bunch Magnetic a of Design PITZ at FEL SASE THz for Experiment Proof-of-Principle a Preparing in Progress xeso ftePT aiiyfraPofo-rnil xeieto H AEFEL SASE THz on Experiment Proof-of-Principle a for Facility PITZ the of Extension h H E prd Design Upgrade FEL FHI The ic oigo-iei oebr21,teFizHbrIsiu FI e a-lnkGslshf (MPG) Max-Planck-Gesellschaft der (FHI) Fritz-Haber-Institut the 2013, November Consulting) (AMMTodd in Todd A.M.M. on-line (AES) coming Schultheiss Since T. Rathke, Technology) J. (LMY LLC) Young L.M. Magnetics (STI Gottschalk S.C. (NPS) Schöllkopf W. high-electron the using feasibility seeding Echo-Enabled and laser (HGHG) we Generation (EEHG). external Harmonic presentation, Generation High-Gain on Harmonic this cascaded studies with In XFEL, our European powerful. longitudinal the of as of the just status energy increase beam be current largely will the feasible would and about One which SASE, report FEL, to SASE5. external-seeded will compared and an radiation, SASE4 of the lines, consists of under line XFEL properties now novel FEL coherence are X-ray two XFEL soft of European a implementation SASE2, the for the SASE1, idea for lines, in upgrades FEL consist SASE Mid-term will 3 which quasi-simultaneously. to discussion, operated up Currently, be lasing. can first SASE3 achieved and successfully XFEL European the 2017, In nuao einadpeetteepce H us rprisfrtecs fteErpa XFEL. European Tanikawa the T. of case the for electron properties high THz pulse concerning very technology THz development the latest expected superconducting the despite the present of present radiation will and exploitation we energy design presentation, photon The this undulator low In XFEL. such THz. European generating the 100 at of energy and challenge beam the 3 meet between to range us wide allows narrowband in pump-probe intense, matter provide two-color tunable to in undulator of dynamics pulses THz and type superconducting light processes beamlines 10-period specific a nonlinear a FEL use drive to in SASE to propose interest employed we three Here, are great selectively. pulses meanwhile has THz and users high-field of which 2017 in number in experiments increasing lasing An first operation. achieved in successfully are has (HZDR) Kovalev XFEL S. European (DLR) Gensch The M. Berlin) Universität (Technische Gensch M. Tanikawa T. HERA using compressor study bunch bunch to magnetic magnetic also type and a chicane undulator regimes a the of radiation inside presented. is design is length different idea a magnets saturation allow paper main corrector the this to The reduce In to (PITZ). but radiation. Zeuthen e.g. radiation THz helps in super-radiant SASE This DESY maximum used. at for be with Facility Test can beam source compressor Injector 4nC THz Photo accelerator-based a the an use at Therefore, to performed LCLS an XFEL. be pulses utilizing will from experiments THz proof-of-principle undulator intense pulses and suggested I produce X-ray was to XFEL the European required as as is source electron rate source identical THz repetition a same XFEL, the European at the at experiments pump-probe For Zeuthen) be also Shaker H. will laser Gaussian short simu- a following our on the report based and the we results injector obtain paper, photo Experimental to this the setups. In is in laser discussed. nC. beam design cathode few dominated key two charge a One with space of line the bunches MeV/c. transport of charged 16-22 optimization heavily of the the on bunches from results electron A lation from ra- 200 SASE THz the nearly generate 3-5 as of to current of structure installed peak ranges be train will THz pulse could undulators in the identical which LCLS-I in DESY the the XFEL, diation experiment, at maintaining European proof-of-principle while the facility the Test radiation at In Injector THz experiments pulses. XFEL Photo mJ/pulse pump-probe to the for source up at provide THz undergoing potentially prototype is a FEL as SASE (PITZ), THz Shaker,Zeuthen H. for Qian, experiment H.J. Oppelt, proof-of-princle A. Niemczyk, A R. Zeuthen) Melkumyan, (DESY D. Vashchenko Loisch, G. G. Stephan, F. Lishilin, O. Lal, S. Krasilnikov, M. chitzki, Li X. emdansisdvcs n H aito igotc eie aebe tde.A vriwo hs works these of overview paper. An this Compo- studied. in electron been presented compressor, experiments. have be bunch devices possible will chicane diagnostics other a radiation THz transport, for and beam the also devices, for of diagnostics but magnets beam Design experiment including beamline, this finished. extended for are the works only for nents construction not and ongoing, designed, is be was necessary. beamline to tunnel is foreseen extended tunnel extended is accelerator the undulator the of The for extension shielding studied. an and Radiation and accelerator, planned PITZ been current has the driven accelerator from undulator downstream PITZ LCLS-I installed the an from using by bunch European research radiation electron the FEL for an at SASE facility by THz experiments suitable generate pump-probe a to for experiment as prototype proof-of-principle proposed A source been XFEL. THz has accelerator-based (PITZ) an Zeuthen of in development DESY and at Facility Test Injector SRI) Photo (CANDLE The Amirkhanyan Z.G. Zeuthen) (DESY Weilbach T. Stephan, F. .Boonpornprasert P. .Boprpaet .Ce,GZ eriv ..Go,M rß ..Hag .Hc,II se,C Kos- C. Isaev, I.I. Huck, H. Huang, P.W. Groß, M. Good, J.D. Georgiev, G.Z. Chen, Y. Boonpornprasert, P. , .Boprpaet ..Goge,G os .Kainkv .L,A pet .Piip .Sehn(DESY Stephan F. Philipp, S. Oppelt, A. Li, X. Krasilnikov, M. Koss, G. Georgiev, G.Z. P. Boonpornprasert, , .Aah,G eoi .Krbka,M eee,S ekz .Tmn(uFL .Aah (KEK) Adachi M. (EuXFEL) Tomin S. Serkez, S. Lederer, M. Karabekyan, S. Geloni, G. Adachi, M. , .Gln,S aaeyn .Sre EXE)VB sea Uiest fPn)S aaboi(KIT) Casalbuoni S. Pune) of (University Asgekar V.B. (EuXFEL) Serkez S. Karabekyan, S. Geloni, G. , .D a,D oel .Gwne,H uks .Mie,G o edn(H)WB Colson W.B. (FHI) Helden von G. Meijer, G. Junkes, H. Gewinner, S. Dowell, D. Pas, De M. , ..Goge,G os .Kainkv .L,F ülr .Opl,S hlp,H Shaker, H. Philipp, S. Oppelt, A. Müller, F. Li, X. Krasilnikov, M. Koss, G. Georgiev, G.Z. , TUP — usa otrSession Poster Tuesday otrArea Poster 43

27 Aug – Tue 160 microns. Additionally, a 500 MHz kicker cavity > 5 microns to < , T.E. Cowan, U. Lehnert, P.Michel (HZDR) , B.W. Green (HZDR) , A. Aryshev, R. Kato, T. Miyajima, T. Obina, M. Shimada, R. Takai, T. Uchiyama, N. Yamamoto (KEK) , R. Kato, M. Shimada (KEK) K. Kawase (QST) F.Sakamoto (Akita National College of Technology) , I. Bahns, W. Hillert, J. Roßbach (University of Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik) W. Decking Free-Electron Laser (FEL) has providedexperiments intense, in tunable diverse fields infrared ranging radiation fromnonlinear to bio-molecular solid-state spectroscopy FHI spectroscopy, to and user studies surface groups. of science, clusters resultingnificant and It in upgrade nanoparticles, has 50 of peer-reviewed enabled the publications FHI so FEL far.is is A being now sig- added being that prepared. will A permit second lasing short from Rayleigh range undulator FEL beamline will permit simultaneous two-color operation of50 the microns FEL by from deflecting both alternate FEL 1FHI beamlines GHz FEL over pulses physics an into and optical each engineering range of design of the and 5 two present to undulators. the We plans will for describe two-color the FELM. upgraded operations Bawatna in November 2020. Instabilities in beam and bunchamplitude of parameters, the accelerating such field as indriven the bunch RF by charge, cavities the can beam electron be energy the beam.sources. source or of The Bunch changes noise primary charge in electron in fluctuations beam the the driving various lead thecurrent secondary phase to light of sources or intensity sources 1.6 has instabilities mA. a in maximum Depending energy the onELBE. of superradiant the 40 The THz MeV mode first and of a is operation maximum the requiredrates up there thermionic to are 13 injector, two MHz which available and injectors is bunchfor charges in used experiments up use to for that at 100 regular pC. the may The operatingrepetition require second modes rate is lower the and of emittance SRF 13 supports photocathode or MHz injector, repetition which highermodes which is of bunch can used operation. charges be In this adjusted of contribution, to upthat we lower allows will to for rates present 1 correction our if of work nC. desired, intensity in also It instabilities. the including pulse-resolved has intensity different a measurement macro maximum pulse P.E. Evtushenko P. Rauer (DESY) H. Sinn (EuXFEL) An X-ray free-electron laser oscillator (XFELO)three is dimensional a fourth coherence, generation nearly X-rayhigher source constant peak promising pulse brilliance radiation with compared to to full pulse SASEcirculating FELs. stability the Proposed light and by in Kim more an et optical thanBragg al. cavity reflecting an - in crystals as order 2008 known instead an of from XFELO of FEL magnitude facility follows classical oscillators the recently in mirrors. concept gone longer of With into wavelength regimes operation, the -feasible. the new but realization European Though, uses of the X-ray an high Free-Electron XFELO thermal Laserreflection with load (XFEL) on of radiation reflection the in angle radiation the and on Angstrom crystal the temperaturem regime as cavity seems long well crystals, optical as the resonator the high path very sensibility demandingbe pose of tolerances summarized challenges the of and which the Bragg- results need at regarding to least thepresented. 60 possible be integration considered. of In an this XFELO at work the these European problems XFEL shall facility will be Y. Honda We have been developing a unique terahertzin radiation KEK. source An of optical resonant resonant cavity coherent consists diffractionthe of radiation two at return-loop concave cERL of mirrors cERL, with an a beam energy-recoverylength linac hole at test multi-bunch the facility center electron at was KEK. installed beam in Whencavity. passes the If the low-emittance through round-trip and the time short of cavity, bunch the cavity itstacked precisely matches coherently radiates the and beam coherent repetition, stimulates diffraction the the radiation radiationradiation of beam-to-radiation the power in bunches energy while are the conversion scanning process. theassociated Measuring cavity with the length, beam terahertz we deceleration. observed a sharp resonance of THz stimulatedY. emission Honda We have started construction oflinac test an facility infrared at KEK. SASE The main FEL purposenon-thermal system of processing this at of project materials. is the a It return demonstration also ofbased loop has industrial a use FEL. of of purpose The FEL, cERL, of for present developing an example necessary design energy-recovery- As techniques consists future for of a upgrade future two options, ERL- we 3 have mquasi considered self-seeding, undulators possibilities undulator and of tapering, a various etc. schemes, matching We such will space as present between simulation regenerative the amplifier, results. undulators. The Radiation Source ELBE at HZDRering is upgrade a options user for facility the based ELBE on orthe a its capability 1 replacement to mA, with generate 40 a IR MeV new and CW user THzin SRF facility. pulse the LINAC. A in HZDR part range the is of frequency from consid- the range 100 user frombution, requirements 0.1 uJ we is through through 30 outline a THz, key with few aspects pulseare: mJ, energies of use at a of the concept, a repetition which beam ratefrequency; would with achieving between the allow longitudinal 100 density achieving density modulation kHz such modulation through and the(OK) parameters. and mechanism 1 bunching and similar Such MHz. factor to HGHG key the of In FEL, aspects one about used thiselectron generation 0.5 in injectors, contri- at optical necessary where klystron the one for fundamental injector the providesprovides modulation a beam beam for optical the for beam high the by energy FELradiation per an source oscillator is pulse while FEL very generation second oscillator, similar for high to using user charge an experiments. injector two OK, All-in-all but operating the with concept two of beams the simultaneously. new Experience with the Superradiant THz User Facility Driven by a Quasi-CW SRF Accelerator at ELBE Concept of High-Power CW IR-THz Source for the Radiation Source Elbe Upgrade Integration of an XFELO at the European XFEL Facility Stimulated Emission of THz Coherent Diffraction Radiation Upgrade Options for Infrared FEL to be Constructed at cERL TUP007 TUP008 TUP010 TUP011 44 TUP009

27 Aug – Tue TUP017 TUP016 TUP015 TUP014 TUP013 TUP012 eaet E iuaini A XFEL PAL in Simulation FEL Terahertz Fo- Horizontal With Undulator Planar Electro-Magnetic Hybrid a Using FEL THz Compact a of Development Accelerator Superconducting on Based Facility FEL THz CAEP for Super-Radiation Terahertz of Design Source THz Polarized Variable for Configuration Crossed-Undulator Dy- by Enabled University Kyoto in Laser Electron Free Mid-Infrared of Operation Efficiency Extraction High Gun Photo-Electron keV 30 a from Bunches Electron Pico-second by Emitted Radiation Smith-Purcell ..Ko J.H. 1st waveguide. of the error through field pass undulator beam electron The the waveguide. when 10 narrow offset x trajectory a 0.288 of and in is angle current field beam which coil magnet electron , the each the integrals changing for keep 2nd by force to and focusing T necessary horizontal 0.76-1.18 is independent to That provides adjustable undulator strength. is The 350-650 undulator peak kA. of the energy, 1.4-2.4 range of The undulator wavelength gap the lasing the GHz. the in 2.8 with strength of fabricated field frequency MeV, and magnetic 5 a designed are was with applications. beam undulator magnetron defense electron planar a and the magnetic by of security driven spread for is energy KAERI microtron and at current, compact development a under system, is the laser In electron free terahertz compact A (KAERI) Bae S. Force cusing differential the on and based radiation undulator is discussed. coherent optimization optimization also on are the The based super- radiation paper, designs transition the Both coherent this introduced. and single-objective. are In and super-radiation gun multi-parameter laser. the photo-cathode with electron of evolution DC free design high-voltage the the the complement and broadband of which generate dynamic means CTFEL, could the bunches of beam by accelerator electron power conducting FEL ultra-short THz average first the high the of is with super-radiation CTFEL) Terahertz FEL, The THz (CAEP China. laser in electron free oscillator terahertz Physics Engineering of Academy China char- Wu the D. report will paper shifter. the The phase light, the electrons. the of of the work by speed than designing radiation the rather and the delayed than radiation slower much polarized behind of be bit trails the acteristics to a bunch has and is electron undulator other, speed Since 1st MeV. electron each from 22 the radiation angles of that right nonrelativistic-effect energy frequency the at beam radiation Target and are a slippage-effect radiation. employing undulators the THz and two 2 electrons of the intersected around between planes is undulators difference Deflecting transverse length path identical structure makes shifter. two shifter accelerating phase phase with m type consisted 3 chicane is a a system gun, by crossed-undulator RF The ( bunch thermionic electron scheme. a Ultra-short ing equips modulator. klystron linac MW t-ACTS 50 Pho- at Electron a The for and radiation Center University. Research THz at Tohoku coherent established Science, been of has ton polarization that t-ACTS, the facility, beam control electron to femto-second the configuration crossed-undulator developed have We Science) Photon Electron for Hama H. good driven showed FELs they and oscillator performed on been reported also ex- results. being experimental have achieved the efficiency simulations the with Numerical knowledge, extraction agreement best highest accelerators. beam our conducting To the electron normal of is lasing. by change percent) FEL the without (5.5 measuring and efficiency by with evaluated traction undulator was the efficiency after mod- extraction distribution frequency The energy bunch been perfor- electron macro-pulse. has optimized (FEL) a (KU-FEL) i.e. University Laser in Kyoto desynchronization, ulation Electron in cavity FEL dynamic Free mid-infrared the the the introducing of by determines percent) achieved which (5.5 parameter efficiency extraction important High an mance. is efficiency extraction The Zen H. to system Desynchronization Cavity THz-TDS namic a constructing now radiation. are the of We field electric radiation. the the the indicated of time-trace experiment of the this components measure wavelength of bolome- radiation harmonic simulation a by Numerical The the measured was charge. of mm. power electron bunch radiation 2 enhancement Such the The pC. of degree. with 10 11 period increased of to quadraticallly a angle and pC obserbation with an- an ter 0.1 grating at the from mm metallic increase at 4 the be charge bunch to of Smith- bunch estimated the surface the was of the power. as pulsewidth fs along of ps laser the traveled 3.2 Estimation 100 the that was to a showed changing bunch bunch. ps equation by 0.8 by electron from envelope entire pC driven increased the the 300 electrode gun on of ode to based electron part pC bunch central photo-electron 1 the the keV of from with re- pulsewidth 30 varied performed is bunch was DC bunches experiment the a radiation of electron by Purcell charge pico-second produced The using was radiation laser. bunch Smith-Purcell Ti:sapphire electron generate The to experiment ported. an paper, this In Asakawa M.R. efapie pnaeu msin(AE.Uigfe lcrnlsrmto,w a odc h THz-pump on the based conduct laser can electron we free method, terahertz laser electron a terahertz free make the Using For to (SASE). etc. planning emission inspection, is spontaneous diagnosis, (PAL) self-amplified imaging, laboratory as accelerator such Pohang fields the various research, in used being is radiation Terahertz .Li, M. , ..Jo,T u Cuga ainlUiest)BA ukv ..Jn,YU en,K e,SV Miginsky S.V. Lee, K. Jeong, Y.U. Jang, K.H. Gudkov, B.A. University) National (Chungnam Yun T. Jeon, M.Y. , .Ogk KooUiest)R aia(QST) Hajima R. University) (Kyoto Ohgaki H. , .S ag(PAL) Kang H.-S. , .Hnd,S ahwg,NM oia .Mt,K ab,H at Thk nvriy eerhCenter Research University, (Tohoku Saito H. Nanbu, K. Muto, T. Morita, N.M. Kashiwagi, S. Hinode, F. , P. Kna University) (Kansai i ..Yn(CAEP/IAE) Yan L.G. Li, -4 · n .3 10 x 0.136 and T·m -5 ∼ T·m ,ad0405,rsetvl.Ahbi electro- hybrid A respectively. 0.4-0.5%, and A, 1 ∼ 0f)tancnb upidvavlct bunch- velocity via supplied be can train fs) 80 2 epciey ti iiie h diffraction the minimized is It respectively. , µ .The m. 45

27 Aug – Tue , N.A. Vinokurov (BINP SB RAS) N.A. Vinokurov (NSU) , N.S. Ginzburg, A. Malkin, N.Yu. Peskov, A. Sergeev (IAP/RAS) A.V. Arzhannikov, E.S. Sandalov, , I.V. Bandurkin, Yu.S. Oparina, N.Yu. Peskov (IAP/RAS) , Yu.S. Oparina, N.Yu. Peskov (IAP/RAS) , N.S. Ginzburg, A. Sergeev, I.V. Zheleznov, I.V. Zotova (IAP/RAS) M.I. Yalandin (RAS/IEP) V.Yu. Zaslavsky Correlation function theory which has been developedFEL recently operation. gives It rigorous directly statistical deals description with of theare the values based averaged SASE either over on many Vlasov shots. equation There or arefunctions on two direct other which solution approaches relate of which particle to motion single equations.compare shot. Both them of with To them each check use other. the random In this validity paper of we these present the three results approaches of such it comparison might obtained for be the interesting 1-D to FEL O.A. Shevchenko S.L. Sinitsky, D.I. Skovorodin, A.A. Starostenko (BINPThe SB RAS) paper is devotedlinear to induction development accelerators of which have high-power beencelerators long-pulse generate elaborated THz-band microsecond recently electron at FELs beams Budker based with Institutesibility on (Novosibirsk). current to at new increase These electrons kA-level ac- generation energy and of up energylong-pulse to of FEL 20 2 operating MeV). to in Based 5 the on MeV frequency thisoscillator, (with range we beam, a of suggest we 1 a pos- initiated hybrid to a planar 10 new two-mirrorBragg THz project resonator reflector using of consisting and a multi-MW of a wiggler an downstream period upstream weakly of highly reflectingthe selective conventional 3 advanced Bragg advanced Bragg to reflector reflector. 6 based Simulations on cm. demonstrate coupling of For that at propagating this and the FEL quasi-cutoff values waves ensures of the mode thetions control gap of the between FEL the driven corrugated by electronPIC plates beam code forming generated demonstrate by such that the the resonator LIU’2 THz up in radiation the to power frame 20 can of reach wavelengths. both the averaged level approach Simula- of and 3D 10 to 20 MW. x-ray probe experiment. For the terahertz free40 electron laser, MeV, using we conducted photo-cathode the RF simulation gun, on S-band accelerators below accelerator and undulator below 6 meters. Periodical Lattices: Theory and Experiments A. Malkin (UNN) In recent years, significantbased progress on was superradiance (SR) achieved ofemission in electron from generation bunches the extended of entire volume in high-powerof of the the ultrashort the wavelength wave bunch microwave with scale. respect occurs pulses to In due electrons.implementation this to An of the process, obvious oversized method development coherent periodical for of generation slow-wave microbunchingWe of structures report high-power and of where sub-THz slippage the radiation evanescent experiments is surface on the Cherenkov wavesand generation can of an 150 be extremely ps excited. SR high pulseswavelength peak with ranges a power central (including up frequency THz of to 0.14 band)structure 70 THz, in with MW. strongly double In oversized periodic order waveguiding corrugationdemonstrate to systems, (2D the generate we applicability SWS). spatially of propose Using such coherent the a 2Dexperiments quasi-optical radiation slow SWS on theory wave and in observation its and shorter G-band advantages PIC Cherenkov against SR simulations, traditional in we 1D 2D SWS. SWS Proof are of currently principle in progress. A.V. Savilov System A.V. Savilov V.Yu. Zaslavsky We describe three worksbeam united with by a the great ideainteraction energy of passes spread. the through non-resonant the In regime electronOperability this of providing layer regime, this an on regime the was the effective "bucket" demonstrated energy-phase trapping inwavelength corresponding the plane FELs in high-efficient to and the 0.8 a the traps MeV multi-stage Ka-band resonant a trapping FEM-amplifier.small electron-wave in fraction (II) e-beam In several of fraction short- consecutive electrons. is sections trappedfrom can (I) due section be to to organized. a section weak In involves electron-wavement each in and interaction. section the improving the a However, interaction frequency repetition almost wave of spectrum theof this in whole a multi-stage process e-beam. SASE single-frequency FELs. wave We (III) describe signal Thesection multi-stage efficiency can is amplification enhance- provide provided cooling such of that theand the moves "bucket" electron down goes bunch. energies from of maximal In trapped initial electrons. this electron regime, energy tapering down of to every the minimal one A natural problem arisingan in inevitable the use of case an ofthe oversized wavelength realization microwave of system, of the which a operating characteristicchosen wave. THz transverse transverse mode In FEM size of this the significantly with situation, operating exceeds a cavity. itInstead, Our becomes we high-current basic difficult idea propose relativistic is to to e-beam to provide work givewavegude. selective is up on We excitation working a propose on of to supermode, a a use fixed which the transversemaser is mode. Talbot effect a that as fixed provides a set a way of toequations high create several of Q-factor an transverse the oversized for electron-wave modes microwave interaction system of this we ofsupermode an supermode. demonstrate an both oversized the electron in possibility On the of the simplest the/ 2-D basis selective model 200 self-excitation of and of e-beam a in the based the multi-modeefficiency on detailed set at excitation modeling the of of of level self-consistent a of a 5-10% THz Talbot-type corresponds FEM supermode to fed the at by GW a a level 10 of frequency MeV the close output / to power. 2 kA 2 THz. The calculated Analytical and Numerical Comparison of Different Approaches to the Description of SASE in High Gain FELs Superradiant Emission of Electron Bunches Based on Cherenkov Excitation of Surface Waves in 1D and 2D Regime of Multi-Stage Non-Resonant Trapping in Free Electron Lasers Terahertz Free Electron Maser Based on Excitation of a Talbot-Type Super-Mode in an Oversized Microwave Development of Powerful Long-Pulse Terahertz Band FELs Based on Linear Induction Accelerators 46 TUP023 TUP018 TUP019 TUP020 TUP021

27 Aug – Tue TUP029 TUP028 TUP027 TUP026 TUP025 TUP024 oe aitoso nXryFLOclao nSaturation in Oscillator FEL X-ray an of Variations Power Oscillator FEL X-ray the for Misaligments Crystal Modelling Laser Electron Free Amplifier Regenerative of Simulation Unaveraged An TARLA @ Laser Electron Free of Status Current ERL by Driven Power Radiation FEL-Oscillator the of Modulation Electronic fcetOtu opigFo -a reEeto ae Cavities Laser Free-Electron X-Ray From Coupling Output Efficient hs r ueynmrcl n a eeiiae ycagn h atcelaig ete reydsusto stability. discuss power briefly the then degrade We may parameters loading. cavity particle parts and the few beam changing electron a that by in show typically eliminated We fluctuations is be extent level. percent what can ratio the and this on numerical, oscillations mirrors, power purely crystal of are evidence Bragg saturation. these shown at bandwidth have cavity simulations be narrow the some should its in but stored state million, with that per steady oscillator to in bandwidth FEL oscillator oscillator X-ray the ideal in the an power For spontaneous of the fluctuations of power ratio the fractional by the given that predicts We theory matrix. FEL Basic coupling and loss misalignments. a Lindberg crystal R.R. with time-varying modeled and static easily of os- is effects in FEL that the Errors fast including modes cavity. code, a the our oscillator developed from of the results have of mixing first we expansion show a mode issue, in Gauss-Hermite this result a address alignment using To begun, field crystal only the tools. has discretizes stability simulation that and code suitable tolerance cillator no cavity presently of understanding are detailed stabil- there unprecedented a However, providing and source bandwidth. light new narrow revolutionary a a in be to ity potential the has oscillator FEL X-ray The Lindberg R.R. Pongchalee P. present We trigger. Aksoy external A.A. experiments. with of synchronized results be the discuss can and which scheme (limited gain) modulation microseconds power FEL several electronic and of to of description cavity down detailed shift length optical phase desirable of NovoFEL of periodic factor at realized macropulses quality on been radiation by has based generate approach is is to This lasing which allows rate. suppress repetition It to lasing significantly required facility. change FEL in shift not phase used the does The be it cavity. of and optical cannot control small in it relatively stored fast radiation but radiation of the to modulation respect of way current with decreasing beam simple bunches to electron electron a the lead propose on may We based and ERL. be time the me- ex- could switching of user way short using some Another very is but quality. modulation provide pulses beam this cannot radiation obtain it to of but way train shutters Conventional periodic chanical power. produce radiation and of mode modulation require CW periments in operate (NSU) Serednyakov usually S.S. Getmanov, Ya.V. oscillators RAS) FEL SB Center, Tomography (International Veber S.L. Melnikov, A.R. Shevchenko approach. O.A. function correlation to the corresponds in which correlations account particle into more at taken and agreement be three this to of obtain results have To account the equation stages. into Vlasov with saturation taking in agreement early harmonics and good order linear a high at in saturation equations strong are motion approximations approx- particle two of quasilinear These solution the direct to approach. of equivalent equation is Vlasov approximation the function of correlation imation two-particle that show We model. rmzr ocoet 0% h cee a eraiyetne omliba outcoupling. multi-beam promptly to vary extended can readily which be cavity, can the schemes of The out coupled 100%. power to the They close of to amount splitters. zero the beam from of cavity-based terms crystal photons in Other diamond X-ray flexible X-ray-transparent coupling and Bragg-reflecting power. efficient for intracavity are analyzed intracavity using and cavities the much proposed XFEL require of are of (XRAFEL), schemes tenths out lasers alternative free-electron few this Here However, X-ray a efficiency. amplifier mirror. only regenerative outcopling permeable high-gain higher of a Bragg- the as extraction of as used such to One is schemes, (XFELO). limited and XFEL length, oscillators often extinction laser very few free-electron is a X-ray just method of thin, is cavities mirrors the proposed crystal was from reflecting approach similar photons A coupling cavities. laser output of out for photons coupling for used typically are mirrors Permeable Shvyd’ko Yu. demonstrate will This it Then mirrors. codes. cavity OPC the and of Puffin location model. between the VUV-FEL method amplifier at regenerative conversion beam diagnostic the optical field field the optical optical model and the to the broadband presents used and paper for is undulator term (OPC) the fast-oscillating Code FEL Propagation outside the the Optical propagation with model the to field whilst used optical been simulation, the has the FEL of Puffin high-resolution providing named both undulator, (FEL), in laser the cav- electron model within free oscillation the the the interaction as of require undulator simulation the 3D design outside unaveraged and propagation An optical ity. simulation and undulator (RAFEL) the laser in interaction electron electron-light free amplifier regenerative A sta- current and light undulator (OPC), the outside Code light Propagation presented. the are Optical of facility and propagation the the GENESIS of and tus of undulator results the calculation within interaction preliminary beam study, Contin- provide 5-350 this will between beamlines In in (FEL) brightness Laser high station. Electron users Free of for radiation (U35). mag- sources tunable mm undulator 35 radiation (CW) hybrid Wave and on NbFe uous (U110) based mm different 110 two instrument of drive research periods will art with TARLA nets of of state accelerators the superconducting Two be Turkey. Bud- to and from Strategy aims Presidency Turkey, the of by supported Directorate is get which (TARLA), Laboratory Radiation and Accelerator Turkish Technologies) Accelerator of Institute University .Krl,Ç Kaya, Ç. Karslı, Ö. , (ANL) ...M B.W.J. , (ANL) (ANL) ..Bkv aV emnv ..Srdykv ..Trrskn(IPS A)MV Fedin, M.V. RAS) SB (BINP Tararyshkin S.V. Serednyakov, S.S. Getmanov, Ya.V. Bykov, E.V. , c el(SRTSP)BWJ M B.W.J. (USTRAT/SUPA) Neil ..Kc(naaUiest,AclrtrTcnlge nttt)ÖF li (Ankara Elçim Ö.F. Institute) Technologies Accelerator University, (Ankara Koc I.B. ˙ c el(okrf Institute) (Cockcroft Neil µ swl saBesrhugradiation Bremstrahlung a as well as m 47

27 Aug – Tue . Here, 3 atoms/cm 21 in = 0.97). L Wu (FEL/Duke University) S. Huang (PKU) J.Y. Li (IHEP) V.Litvi- Y.K. Shvyd’ko (ANL) P.J.M.van der Slot (Mesa+) Yu. Marcus, Z. Zhang (SLAC) G. Marcus, D. Zhu (SLAC) G. , Y. Feng, , W.M. Fawley, (University of New Mexico) , , Y. Ding, Y. Feng, Z. Huang, J. Krzywiński,J.P. MacArthur, R.A. Margraf, T.O. Raubenheimer, D. Zhu , H. Hao, P.Liu, S.F.Mikhailov, V.Popov, Crystal J. Krzywiński G. Marcus (SLAC) An X-ray regenerative amplifier FELentrance (RAFEL) of a utilizes high-gain an undulator. X-ray Aalignment crystal RAFEL system tolerances cavity leverages and to gain-guiding in provide targets the optical theness undulator feedback production to X-ray to reduce of pulses the the longitudinally cavity that coherent couldThe successful and significantly implementation high enhance of an peak the X-ray power performance cavitytical and in components of the that bright- a RAFEL can scheme standard either requires satisfy single-pass thethe large demonstration SASE amplified output of amplifier. coupling coherent X-ray constraints op- radiation. or passivelycrystal Here, output we through a present large lattice new fraction constant schemes of radiation to manipulation through either or controlled actively passively FEL Q-switch output microbunch aoptimization rotation. couple diamond will a Bragg A be beamline large presented design illustrating fractionusing study, the of high-fidelity cavity performance simulations. the stability of Initial analysis, stored cold-cavity potential and tests cavity RAFEL planned configurations for at 2020 will LCLS-II/-HE also be discussed. In self-seeded FELs, SASE pulses fromthe the downstream first portion portion to of producecoherence. the FEL Owing output are to pulses monochromatized its with and SASE thenstatistical a origin, amplified it fluctuations narrow in is which bandwidth well depend, and knownshown that higher in that the degrees part, the seed of narrow on radiation bandwidth temporal after the seedsignal the monochromator amplification monochromator due can linewidth. exhibits to be SASE accompanied In and byseed, MBI, addition, a spectral which wider it pedestal are bandwidth growth was also can pedestal-like recently stochastic also impact in the nature. statistical We properties examine of how, the during FEL amplification output. of the Improvement of the longitudinal coherence ofinvestigations. X-ray The Free XFEL Electron oscillator Lasers (XFELO)offer has and been a Regenerative the pathway Amplifier subject Free-Electron to of Laserrepetition many fully (RAFEL) rate recent coherent, schemes electron beam, high an brightnesscavity undulator X-ray will and an radiation. be X-ray based crystalswitching’ The on cavity mechanism XFELO diamond to that and provide crystals involves optical the RAFEL in feedback.an use consist order X-ray of The cavity. to of a In X-ray ’Bragg manage particular, a one switch’ a high tocontrol can the use dump high crystal an the thermal reflectivity optical X-ray and laser load. pulse transmission. toa energy It manipulate buried has built-up We the layer, been inside approximately are diamond shown 5 crystal that investigating microns a lattice below awe 9 constant surface, MeV with to present ’Q focused a simulations boron boron beam showing concentration can up thatallow create to absorbing creating 10 a laser transient pulses temperature by profile which a would buried be layer well under suited for the the crystal ’QE. surface switching’ Hemsing scheme. would nenko (Stony Brook University) N.A. Vinokurov (BINPA SB RAS) polarized gamma-rayphysics beam research, with enabling controllable thedent polarization investigation observables. of In is this nuclei work, a and we(FEL) report powerful hadrons new driven ways by probe Compton to directly scattering precisely for control accessing gamma-rayopposite the experimental source. polarization polarization helicities, of nuclear depen- Using we a an Free-Electron have Laser FEL successfullyconventional oscillator polarizing produced and optics. a two nearly By helical tuning 100%tion undulators the linearly can with phase be polarized between arbitrarily laser two and beam helicalhas precisely undulators, without been adjusted. the generated using With with direction this its of FEL polarization polariza- and as in rotatable the any linear photon of polarization. drive, the The a basehas linearly states, Compton been polarized including gamma-ray imaged gamma-ray left- beam and beam and characterized, with right-circular and polarization arbitrary shows polarization a direction high degree of linear polarization (P H. Freund Free-electron lasers (FELs) havehard been x-ray FELs built that are ranging either in seededdue or either wavelength to start the from from lack noise of long-wavelength (SASE). seed X-ray lasersthe oscillators operation or production difficulties has through of in relied diamond the on crystal design single-pass of Bragg SASE x-raywhich reflectors mirrors. point are, However, the recent essentially, developments way low-Q in toward free-electron x-ray laseron regenerative amplifiers each oscillators (RAFELs) pass. that outcouple A a RAFELin large using the fraction a first of six-mirror downstream diamond the resonator mirror optical providingundulator is out-coupling power interaction proposed of and and 90% analyzed the or usingtreat more Optics the Bragg through MINERVA Propagation reflection a simulation Code code from pinhole for (OPC) diamondthe the crystal for properties mirrors. the of resonator. the Simulations have RAFEL,substantial OPC powers been using are has run the possible to been at LCLS-II the optimize HXR modified fundamental and undulator to (3.05 characterize keV) under and construction third at harmonic SLAC, (9.15J. keV). and Yan indicate that Q-Switching of X-Ray Optical Cavities With a Boron Doped Buried Layer Under the Surface of a Diamond Regenerative Amplification for a Hard X-ray Free-Electron Laser Statistical Properties of a Self-Seeded FEL With Pedestal Growth An X-ray Regenerative Amplifier Free-Electron Laser Using Diamond Pinhole Mirrors Precision Gamma-Ray Beam Polarization Control Enabled Using Crossed Undulator Oscillator FEL TUP033 TUP032 48 TUP034 TUP030 TUP031

27 Aug – Tue TUP041 TUP040 TUP039 TUP038 TUP037 TUP036 TUP035 xa ymtyi pnaeu nuao aito n E Gain FEL and Radiation Undulator Spontaneous in Symmetry Axial XFELO Based Ring Storage a in Application for (TGU) Undulator Gradient Transverse the of Optimization Regime THz the in Operating FEL Super-Radiant Efficiency High Waveguide-Based A Strength Heater Laser to Emission Pedestal Self-Seeded LCLS of Sensitivity -o CLBMdlfrSmlto fItniyadGi fPaa nuao Radiation Undulator Planar of Gain and Intensity of Simulation for Model SCILAB X-cos FELs Forthcoming Based Accelerator Plasma Laser on Effects Interferometric Lasers Free-Electron in Effects Thermal and Space-Charge Reaction, Radiation h E aneprecdb hs oe.Fnly edsusteipiain fti td ihrsett a to respect with study this of implications the discuss examine we we Finally, Next, experiment. intensity. lowest modes. test predicted whose these XFELO in series, proposed by difference analytical multipole the experienced a an calculate gain as develop to FEL field us to allows SUR the seek This the we expanding paper, axisymmetric. by is this begin mode In We order GINGER. difference. by more this for many quantifies preserves solved (SUR). that GENESIS field of radiation model representation axisymmetric undulator field the spontaneous 3D does the by that than dominated fact modes is the radi- by it the explained when to qualitatively respect be period can with initial This GINGER the and during GENESIS intensity codes simulation field FEL ation between exists discrepancy known well optimal A the in XFELO. patterns driven ring other Li Y.S. storage as a (i.e. well for ratio implications as emittance practical gain, the small TGU of a discussion on a that impact with found positive conclude We We strong parameters. a detuning). and has natural beam and configuration) the usual ranges, beam" as include Rayleigh "flat well interest as functions, of formula strength, (beta parameters TGU gain The parameters dimensionless spread, analytical investigate field gain. energy to an the TGU beam optimization ratio, maximal deriving approximation, numerical emittance for apply by emittance, 1D parameters we beam begin the field that, Following we and In beam paper, formula. (TGU). optimal convolution this rings. undulator the gain In storage the gradient from in transverse previously. 3D application a in discussed its valid using was for by formula challenge is a gain this poses TGU overcome XFELO to the way of requirement One spread energy stringent The for Li quest Y.S. the in useful the be of can fraction scheme large sources. This THz a radiation. power undulator THz peak the to and tapering converted average field by and high electromagnetic where extracted the case be with Our test can beam energy particular achieved. the beam a in be input study are particles We can radiation the lengths waveguide. the of the interaction exchange of of long energy velocity modes zero-slippage and the group following undulator the and on the in phase based in the operating is traveling approach regime FEL beam this relativistic waveguide In the a radiation. to for THz matched simulations power high 3D generate self-consistent to describe regime we paper this Physics) In (Pulsar Geer der van S.B. (SLAC) Musumeci P. of longitudinal number the a over of characteristics. taken growth mentioned results above to experimental radiation the connected present illustrate seeded we origin that Here, main shifts an beam. the suggests electron the sensitivity of on LH modulations instability and microbunching phase variability component and shot-to-shot non-SASE latter, amplitude Its this wavelength believe am- line. We long the strength. of comparatively and LH that and detuning from two with detuning energy correlates arises energy of to positively with comprised strength insensitive negatively whose and is nominally emission seed it is sideband-like plified have a strength (2) that We strength; total found display (LH) whose and heater generally purity. SASE laser pedestal spectral normal laser this (1) the free-electron of degrades components: characteristics LCLS that separate experimental the wavelength detailed seeded at the central spectrum investigated the self-seeding around X-ray, distribution soft pedestal-like the of Measurements (SLAC) ner Marcus G. in ueia prahhsbe sdt eemn h rjcoiso neeto ln n direction, z and x along radia- electron undulator an planar of of trajectories Gain the and determine Intensity to the used simulate been has to approach designed Numerical been has tion. model based X-cos SCILAB Jeevakhan distributions. H. phase and amplitude temporal pulse FEL the model of interferometric explain reconstruction our we how temporal models, show theoretical full we simple a further, on Stepping enables Relying inter- behaviors. while fields. those wavelength far originating seed and phenomena the near physical to both features. the respect in spectral with visible unobserved shifted highly red as be indeed well will be as fringes will ference specific radiation exhibit FEL the will mode, FELs seeded Follow- based the LPA methods. In forthcoming transport a original the to achieving that targeted thanks corner reveal undulator presently we a the is in ing, turned properties Accelerator experiment beam COXINEL Plasma electron the the Laser of framework, control a this complete In on worldwide. amplification groups Laser working several Electron by Free a of demonstration The (PhLAM/CERLA) The coordinates. Labat transversal M. the group. of the independent by developed be the code to as a assumed done, using are are simulations, which through simplifications wiggler, obtained Some the are of results equations. in and Landau-Lifschitz explored laser via is the dynamics obtained of system is the fields effect over reaction its radiation includ- moment: the modelled, of second is role laser a The free-electron effects. one-dimensional pass thermal and single space-charge gain ing high theoretical a work, present the In Peter E.A. Uiest fCiao .Km ..Lnbr (ANL) Lindberg R.R. Kim, K. Chicago) of (University (ANL) Lindberg R.R. Kim, K. Chicago) of (University .E opi,A olru SLI)S ilwk,E ose PLMCRL)S ilwk,E Roussel E. Bielawski, S. (PhLAM/CERCLA) Roussel E. Bielawski, S. (SOLEIL) Loulergue A. Couprie, M.-E. , .Ede,FB izt I-FG)S aii(LULI) Marini S. (IF-UFRGS) Rizzato F.B. Endler, A. , ..Bhe,Y ig ..Fwe,Y eg .Hmig .Hag .Kzw´si ..Lta,D.F. Rat- Krzywiński, Lutman, J. A.A. Huang, Z. Hemsing, E. Feng, Y. Fawley, W.M. Ding, Y. Bohler, D.K. , ..Fse UL)A oe Uiest fTlAi,Fclyo niern)EA an,EJ Snively E.J. Nanni, E.A. Engineering) of Faculty Tel-Aviv, of (University Gover A. (UCLA) Fisher A.C. , NTT)G iha(eiAiy University) Ahilya (Devi Mishra G. (NITTTR) 49

27 Aug – Tue 2 P. Traczykowski Neil, c (STFC/DL/ASTeC) Neil (USTRAT/SUPA) L.T. Campbell, B.W.J. M c P.Traczykowski (Farhangian University) A. Zarei (Shahrood University of Technology) , L.T. Campbell, B.W.J. M (Shenkar College of Engineering and Design) C. Emma, C. Pellegrini (SLAC) A. Friedman (Ariel (NITTTR) G. Mishra (Devi Ahilya University) (NRC) (TUB) (USTC/NSRL) , Y. Jiao, S. Wang (IHEP) R. Ianconescu University) A. Gover (University of Tel-Aviv, Faculty ofWe outline Engineering) the P.Musumeci, N.S. fundamental Sudar processes (UCLA) ofIn coherent contrast radiation to emission spontaneous from emission a of radiation bunchedber from charged of a particles random particles beam. electron beam N, thatthrough a is the proportional pre-bunched to process the electron of num- (spontaneous) beambunched superradiance emits electron (SP-SR) spontaneously (in beam can the coherent be sense radiation even ofpresence proportional further of Dicke’s). enhanced The to a by SP-SR seed N a emission injected process of radiationof of a field. a stimulated-superradiance (ST-SR) These radiation in coherent the mode radiationHGHG, emission expansion EEHG, processes and model, are coherent presented THz applied sources in to basedradiation. term on general The synchrotron general free radiation, undulator model electron radiation of orpering radiation coherent Smith-Purcell Enhanced spontaneous schemes: Stimulated Superradiance emission (TESSA), is Optical-Klystron, and also relatedFELs. extended to to the In tapered the X-Ray wiggler nonlinear FELs section regime of thesewiggler seed-injected - processes tapering Ta- are efficiency convoluted enhancement. with other effects, but they are guidelines forW. Liu strategies of Transverse Gradient Undulator (TGU) isso a that novel its undulator, vertical which field is has again an linear FEL undulator dependence with with upon the an canted horizontal electron magnetic position.TGU beam poles based TGU of can high-gain be FEL which used theory the to showedby achieve energy that high- solving spread by using some is the nonlinear larger variational equations than analysis,gain numerically. the the length gain gain Inspired of length by bandwidth can the Xie, of be we fundamentallength. the obtained present FEL. mode a The of fit a formula TGU for based calculating FEL the which provides aX.J. Deng shortcut for calculating theIn this gain paper, we review the applications ofSome asymptotic new method to viewpoints accelerator and physics, investigations especially using in FEL asymptotic research. method are also presented. Q.K. Jia The phase space evolutions of trapped electrons(FEL) in the based phase on bucket the are analyzed calculation for ofthe low the gain different free-electron initial synchrotron laser phase oscillation and periods, initial which detuning.efficiency are and The different optimal for the initial the corresponding detuning electrons saturation forcase with the length the maximum are gain energy-extraction given. of the The strong opticalthe analysis field saturation demonstrated is power that larger about a than for quarter that the of of low that high gain of gain the FEL weak can optical be field achieved (small Gorev V.V. in signal the gain), resonator and of oscillator FEL. The collapse of the cylindricalmagneto hydrodynamics shell instabilities such (liner) as at Rayleigh-Taylor. This leads athe to certain an internal alternating stage field volume formation of within of compressionsystem. the is liner The limited magnitude for by of the a theshort development short magnetic pulse of period of field radiation of and with space time, a period moderate similar can electron to energy. be the adjusted magnetic over a fieldP. wide Traczykowski of range, a providing a usual stationary (Cockcroft Institute) L.T. Campbell, The operation of quantum free-electronof lasers ion-channel (QFELs) guiding with is a plasma-whistler-wave-pumped considered.Bambini-Renieri (BR) in frame. The the Time-dependent presence quantum wave function Hamiltonianthe and of quantum three dispersion a constants relation of single of motion particle the are plasma has obtained. whistler Also, been wiggler has derived been in obtained the analytically. traversing through a planar undulator. Theparameters present paper and describes possibility the of technical detailspared combined of with model the the different previous used blocks, conventional for syntax based trajectory codes. and intensity simulation ResultsH. are Jeevakhan com- Harmonic Undulator radiations at thirdysed. harmonics with Symmetric non and periodic asymmetricsolution constant electron for magnetic beam the field with has resonance homogeneousshifts been shift in spread anal- inherited resonance has and in regain been its undulator used intensity with with to asymmetric constant present electron magnetic beam viable and field. harmonicM. field Alimohamadi The radiation recovers An algorithm and numerical code for theis up-sampling of described. a system of The particles, from methodnoise a smaller introduces statistics to arising a a larger in Poissonian number, a ’shot-noise’a to bunch phase-space the of distribution particles up-sampled of generated distribution, by relatively typical a few of particle simulation the accelerator. particles The representing algorithm an is electron applied beam on generated by Coherent Spontaneous Superradiance and Stimulated-Superradiant Emission of Bunched Electron Beams Gain Length Fit Formula for Transverse Gradient Undulator Based FEL Applications of Asymptotic Method to Accelerator Physics An Analysis of Optimal Initial Detuning for Maximum Energy-Extraction Efficiency Collapsing Cylindrical Long Shells Filled the Periodical Magnetic Field Simulating Shot-Noise in ’Real’ Electron Bunches Analysis of Undulator Radiations With Asymmetric Beam and Non-Periodic Magnetic Field Investigation Quantum Regime of a Plasma-Wave-Pumped Ion-Channel Free-Electron Laser TUP045 TUP046 TUP047 TUP048 TUP049 TUP044 TUP042 TUP043 50

27 Aug – Tue TUP054 TUP053 TUP052 TUP051 TUP050 lsaAclrtrDie oeetSotnosEmission Spontaneous Coherent Driven Accelerator Plasma Approximation Envelope Slowly-varying a of, Experiment an Against Validation and Between, Comparison nIvsiaino o-tnadPoo ttsisi reEeto ae I Theory II: Laser Free-Electron a in Statistics Photon Non-Standard of Investigation An Experiment I: Laser Free-Electron a in Statistics Photon Non-Standard of Investigation An Pulse a in Electrons Individual by Radiated Power Collective tterdainwvlnt,tednmceouino h nrycipdpledmesotayhg-anFEL high-gain any out bunching dampens electron pulse chirped FEL-induced energy some the cause of of interaction. evolution to process dynamic seen the the is wavelength, via radiation CSE output the this radiation at to While coherent due (CSE). significant profile Emission that generate shown current Spontaneous can is Coherent evolving energies, it dynamically paper moderate with this at In beam, bunching impossible. electron ballistic operation brightness FEL ultrahigh make is energy-chirped, can challenge which an substantial beams, such a of emittance accelerators, chirp normalized Frequency-driven and region. Radio the spread X-ray to energy to the compared the improvement into beams magnitude operate electron which of of (FEL) orders in brightness Laser offer application and Electron may important Free photocathodes an the plasma have as novel may such they While sources such, light high As coherent with of beams distance. electron driving short emittance the relatively low a energy, within high generated of currents source peak important potentially a are accelerators Plasma (STFC/DL/ASTeC) lcrnsae aigntrlitrrttos ntelna eieo h E siltr et ecnie 1-D a consider from we Next, generated oscillator. be of FEL cannot statistics the of light photon regime sub-Poissonian the linear the photon the on that in theories the interpretations, find standard natural for We having the prediction states frequency. surveyed electron theoretical fundamental have in quantum ex- we radiation standard an First, FEL in the the radiation. claimed investigate as harmonic We statistics the FEL. photon of non-standard III statistics the Mark for the basis with theoretical possible periment explore we paper, this In FEL Park the J.-W. of measurement definitive more a for experiment improved clustering an photon with propose We effect be statistics. dead-time could gain. detector F FEL the of in value the combines data observed one from the experimental if arising that theory of find We FEL (2001) analyses unity. standard 5906 than the the understanding less 86, within re-examine is explained our number) we Lett. photon does, paper, average Rev. the it this to Phys. In variance if number J. Madey, issue; modified. J.M. important radically and be an Chen T. to is sub-Poissonian. needs was behavior FEL FEL non-standard III the MARK such the of of exhibits radiation harmonic light 7th FEL the of Whether statistics photon the that reported was It Park J.-W. Specific re-stablished. is energy discussed. conservation are correction dominant pulse proposed electron is each the CR a not by where With radiated is cases in energy energy present. the electron simulations are of evaluation numerical each electrons permits existing other of Elias in when and contribution fact, Kimel by In the advanced formula theories. observed, The present conserved. with been addressed including has properly cases, devices, (CR) been electron some free not In radiation all has in alone. collective occurs radiating Although It is radiation. FEL. it stimulated when than the greater than be larger can of be radiation amount can enhanced the electron the present, each is electron by free radiated one energy than electromagnetic more when arises radiation electron electromagnetic Collective Elias L. M B.W.J. Hidding, B. Habib, A.F. (PNU) Altuijri R. .TraczykowskiP. Lasers Traczykowski Free-Electron P. for Code Simulation Particle-in-Cell a and Code GitHub. from download to with available agreement is quantitative manual and to A usage qualitative into and good injection it. program show for drive The the Results bunches that theory. model Puffin. electron analytical accelerators code, to generate beam simulation to required electron FEL used usually 3D the then is unaveraged was of particles an algorithm models of the simulation number from the amplifier developed larger in code (FEL) much required numerical A Laser is than Electron model. process Free the lasing an describe FEL to into here injection used subsequent is for which software, modelling accelerator particle VAcd IEV o h iedpnetsmlto fSS reeeto aeswt h experimental the with lasers free-electron unaveraged the SASE Frascati. PUFFIN, ENEA of at code simulation FEL PiC SASE unaveraged time-dependent SPARC been from the has the measurements regime between for time-dependent comparison MINERVA the a in code present code we SVEA PiC paper, PUFFIN this the In and KMR three FAST) reported. between and comparison GINGER, a Recently, (GENESIS, dynamics. codes particle dif- SVEA unaveraged between and literature averaged the the in using appeared (GENESIS, codes have ferent approximation a comparisons unaveraged (KMR) simulation As full Kroll-Morton-Rosenbluth Steady-state the codes. the TDA3D). codes. use MINERVA) and use PiC FAST, PiC and codes GINGER, than in (MEDUSA SVEA frequently Codes retained some more SVEA is some equations, used so oscillation and force are codes fast Lorentz SVEA and PiC the intensive the in contrast, dynamics computationally in In orbit less the scale much While period. are time wave codes fast the SVEA resolve the a the to over result, or need averaged (SVEA) no are Approximation is equations there Envelope Maxwell’s that Slowly-Varying the formulation. either (PiC) employ Particle-in-Cell codes simulation laser Free-electron (Mesa+) Slot der van P.J.M. Institute) croft TraczykowskiP. PiaeAddress) (Private Uiest fHwi)K-.Km ..Lnbr (ANL) Lindberg R.R. Kim, K.-J. Hawaii) of (University (ANL) Lindberg R.R. Kim, K.-J. Hawaii) of (University ..Aoab,R luji ..Hbb .Hdig ...M B.W.J. Hidding, B. Habib, A.F. Altuijri, R. Alotaibi, B.M. , ..Cmbl,J edro,BWJ M B.W.J. Henderson, J. Campbell, L.T. , SF/LATC .Fen Uiest fNwMxc)BWJ M B.W.J. Mexico) New of (University Freund H. (STFC/DL/ASTeC) c Neil, .Traczykowski P. c ocuigta aofco tertoo photon of ratio (the F factor Fano that concluding . el(SRTSP)LT apel .Henderson, J. Campbell, L.T. (USTRAT/SUPA) Neil CccotInstitute) (Cockcroft c el(SRTSP)BM Alotaibi, B.M. (USTRAT/SUPA) Neil c Neil, .TraczykowskiP. .Traczykowski P. (Cock- 51

27 Aug – Tue . Yurkov, I. Zagorodnov (DESY) U. Boesenberg, W. Freund, M.V. Yurkov (DESY) T. Chen and J.M. Madey, J. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5906 (2001) M.V. , V. Balandin, W. Decking, M. Dohlus, N. Golubeva, D. Nölle, M.V. Yurkov, I. Zagorodnov (DESY) , , M. Braune, B. Faatz, U. Jastrow, M. Kuhlmann, A.A. Sorokin, K.I. Tiedtke, M.V. Yurkov (DESY) , B. Beutner, F. Brinker, W. Decking, M. Dohlus, L. Fröhlich, U. Jastrow, R. Kammering, T. Limberg, , E. Schneidmiller (DESY) J. Grünert, A. Koch, J. Liu,North Th. branch Maltezopoulos, of M. the Messerschmidt, European I. XFEL, Petrov, SASE1, L.gradually produced Samoylova, improved first H. then. light Sinn on First (EuXFEL) May characterization 3rd,just 2017, of and before the XFEL an photon operation official beam has starting been has date14 been of performed GeV, user bunch in experiments charge July (September / was 1st, August(X-ray 2017). 500 2017, gas Energy pC, monitor of photon (XGM) the and energy electron FELtion was beam imager) mode was 9.3 we along keV. measured With the the photon undulator. gainagreement diagnostics An with curve baseline available important and parameters. at conclusion traced Developed is evolution that techniques of of thatsolid time the the base experimental photon for FEL results beam identification radia- demonstrate characterization of also reasonable the provided problems and means for improving SASE FELtion tuning From and Seeded operation. and SASE FEL E. Schneidmiller Energy chirp and undulator tapering change resonanceresults condition along in the modification electron of beam and the undulator radiationlator which amplification tapering process. for Well radiation known power examplesand increase, are application post-saturation reverse of undu- undulator linear undulator tapering taperingdimensional for for effects. effective compensation operation In of addition, of energy energy chirp afterburners, diation effect. chirp which and can These be undulator are important essentially tapering for one also thethe change spatial users properties of spatial of X-ray properties the FEL of radiation facilities. from theTwo In an configurations, this ra- FEL report seeded amplifier we with FEL present tapered detailed amplifier, undulator analysisdistributions and and of on chirped SASE electron the FEL beam. electron are beam properties undershown is that consideration. studied, spatial properties and Dependence of their of the evolutionelectron the radiation along beam may spatial the and be undulator undulator significantly is tapering. distorted traced. by It the is effects of energy chirp in the E. Schneidmiller Energy Electron Beam M.V. Yurkov V. Balandin D. Nölle, M. Scholz, A.A. Sorokin, K.I. Tiedtke, E. Schneidmiller FLASH is the first softThe X-ray second undulator FEL branch user of facility, thising routinely facility, FLASH2, concepts. providing is In brilliant gap-tunable particular, which photon we allows beams testedof to for recently test the a and users undulator use two-color since segments advanced mode 2005. las- (every ofgeous other operation in based segment comparison on is with the tuned a alternationsource to subsequent of positions the generation tunes of second of two wavelength). two FEL colorsamplification This beams in scheme is are two is more close different advanta- efficient to parts in each ofact this other the as configuration undulator. which bunchers. since makes First, the it Wethat developed easier segments require methods to with a handle for combination respectively of them. "wrong" online two wavelength intensitysoft detectors. Second, X-ray measurements We the regimes. present of some the examples two of such colors measurements simultaneously in the XUV and G. Geloni, Y. Li, J. Pflüger, S.The Serkez, European H. Sinn, XFEL T. Tanikawa, is S. a Tominthree (EuXFEL) undulators multi-user (SASE1, X-ray SASE2, SASE3) FEL deliver facility high-brightnesstwo soft- based empty and hard- on undulator X-ray tunnels superconducting beams that for linear were users.instead accelerator. originally There designed are a Presently, to possible operate with installation spontaneousultrahard of radiators. X-ray We two consider regime, FEL up undulators. tofirst the feasibility One studies photon of of energy this them of option. (SASE4) 100 is keV. In proposed this for contribution the we operation present in the results of the Three undulator beamlines: SASE1 and SASE2pean (hard XFEL X-ray), serving and six SASE3 user instruments. (soft X-ray) Nextbeamlines stages are in of in the empty operation facility at tunnels development the SASE4 are Euro- second installation and of fan SASE5 two of undulator as undulators medium as term longgrade upgrade, term scenario. and upgrade. In the extension Construction case of of of soft the SASE4/SASE5to X-ray electron facility provide beam beamlines simultaneous with with is operation the energies considered of 8.5 in new GeVios both undulator - for up- 17.5 beamlines a GeV second with fan will existing of be SASE1-SASE3. undulators usedparameter involves in One space using order of of of the low soft energy scenar- X-ray (2.5 SASE GeV)characteristics, FELs and electron driven discuss beam. by potential In high advantages this energy paper and we and disadvantages. analyze low energy electron beam, compare output quantum oscillator model of theclassical harmonic expression of radiation harmonic up radiation driven to by 7thincluding the fundamental harmonic the mode in cavity and develop the loss a linear in quantumcorresponding description regime. terms to a We of start localized the from wave beamthe function, a splitter observation the model. in photon statistics If are the found electrons to are be in super-Poissonian contrary the to minimum noise state Influence of Energy Chirp in the Electron Beam and Undulator Tapering on Spatial Properties of the Radia- Feasibility Studies of the 100 keV Undulator Line of the European XFEL Analysis of Parameter Space of Soft X-Ray Free Electron Laser at the European XFEL Driven by High and Low First Characterization of the Photon Beam at the European XFEL Two-Color Operation of FLASH2 Undulator TUP059 52 TUP056 TUP057 TUP058 TUP055

27 Aug – Tue TUP067 TUP066 TUP065 TUP064 TUP063 TUP062 TUP061 TUP060 eino E- nuao iefrSHINE for Line Undulator FEL-3 of Design Measurements First and Scope Project XFEL: European the of Line SASE3 the at Colors Two Undulators Superconducting Period Short With Generation X-Ray Hard Extremely for Simulations Super-X: XFEL European the for Option Compression Advanced An dacdCnet nteDsg o h otXRyFLa A IV MAX at FEL X-Ray Soft the for Design the in Concepts Advanced Laboratory IV MAX the at FEL X-Ray Soft the for Simulations Start-to-End Korea in Source Light Synchrotron Advanced New for Beamline Undulator Coherent a of Optimization Shifters Phaser Using Optimization FEL nti ok epeettedsg fFL o h HN,tefis adXrylgtsuc nCia FEL-3 China. in source light X-ray Hard first the SHINE, the for 10 FEL3 from energy of photon design the covers the line present undulator we work, this In Huang N. to methods discuss we Additionally, radiation. generated results. status the the experimental of report recent properties we and the work performance, gen- this diagnose In to expected approved separation. its recently temporal Schneidmiller, three project, been and the in has energies E. of chicane photon pulses different a radiation Saldin, with with SASE pulses beamline E. SASE high-power SASE3 two the generates erate Kot, equip that to Y.A. facility project Turku) upgrade rate of Kocharyan, An (University high-repetition Kukk V. beamlines. a E. is Oulu) Fröhlich, of XFEL (University L. European Huttula M. The Decking, (DESY) Zagorodnov W. I. Yurkov, M.V. (EuXFEL) Scholz, Tomin M. S. Meyer, M. line, energy Serkez FEL performance. S. photon expected dedicated its a the of propose extend estimations we numerical to and purpose, doubling possibility analytical this provide period To the technology, and tunability. concept explore undulator overall excellent superconducting we its for of discuss work allowing combination this thus via keV lasing, In keV. 100 harmonic to 25 and almost up - covering facility eV range the energy of 250 photon range nominal magnitude: with of facility orders multi-user high-repetition 3 a is XFEL Trebushinin European A. The (DESY) Zagorodnov I. Yurkov, M.V. Schneidmiller, E. Dohlus, (BINP) M. (KIT) Casalbuoni S. GmbH) Noell Serkez S. XFEL of European level FEL the energy for of photon Simulations ultra-hard the at line. radiation transport SASE the of level in high and a keV. compressors obtain 100 allows bunch to approach such possibility the that the studies in confirm numerical effects by physics slice shown collective low is It harmful the line. increased reduce preserving undulator is the current to while the of and entrance current compressors the bunch peak at the setup high in eSASE weakly by a compressed is obtain beam The to considered. allows is emittance which scheme compression advanced An Zagorodnov I. h E efrac ihtefaue fteMXI ia,icuigapstv nrychirp. energy regarding positive especially a studied, including linac, schemes IV the MAX and the status of features current to the the FEL with the discuss performance short adapt will FEL of to We the generation work enhancement, the pulses. coherence In for two-color Laboratory. studied IV and being MAX pulses are the options at advanced designed several being cases currently scientific is the SXL) (the FEL X-ray Soft A perfor- FEL the Qin on W. impact pC their and 10 linac and design IV pC MAX the 100 the in for from currently presented beam discussed. is are electron are GENESIS, the Laboratory mance of using IV features simulation MAX The FEL the mode. the the at operation ASTRA, and using linac ELEGANT simulation GeV using photo-injector 3 the simulation including existing linac simulations, the start-to-end contribution, using this SXL) In phase. (the FEL X-ray Soft A (SLF) Werin S. Curbis, F. University) Lund tory, Qin W. undula- coherent the for results simulation and un- those GENESIS coherent and with the concepts long design simulations design beamline. 60-m report To tor dynamics we special paper, beam region. a this X-ray numerous In build hard the performed codes. to the SIMPLEX have on at like we based radiation would beamline, is coherent we undulator which high-intensity source, coherent deliver (DLSR), light can new ring synchrotron which The storage gov- beamline, new province. limited dulator own local the diffraction their Six For in the project growing. be lattice. source rapidly will MBA light is synchrotron source Korea new light in the synchrotron host source advanced to light like synchrotron would advanced Korea in new ernments a of demand the Recently, Han, M.Y. (KAERI) Lee H.R. Kim, Y. Our used. is Jeong I.G. model KMR amplification, PAL-XFEL. FEL at no performed condition show results To out-phase experimental does simulations. the the condition with with out-phase regime, agrees the analyzed findings shows amplification is regime linear which saturation FEL, out-phase, The setting the analytically. by amplify or For obtained curve not is in-phase gain which beam. the FEL curve, of electron in gain effects the controlled of show shifts performs be in-phase we entrance presentation, can and this undulator beam out-phase In each electron intensity. the at FEL the located minimizes Since of or chicane) condition maximizes amplification. small phase those FEL a The for (as controlled shifter matching. precisely phase phase be a should segmented, beam are electron undulators and FEL between matching Phase Cho M.H. .Cri,MA o,S ei MXI aoaoy udUiest)F ubs .Wrn(SLF) Werin S. Curbis, F. University) Lund Laboratory, IV (MAX Werin S. Pop, M.A. Curbis, F. , .Adrsn .Cri,L sksn .Ktr .Mntn ..Pp .Toi,S ei MXI Labora- IV (MAX Werin S. Thorin, S. Pop, M.A. Mansten, E. Kotur, M. Isaksson, L. Curbis, F. Andersson, J. , .Gln,N eaioa .Güet .Krbka,A oh .Lkmn h atzpuo,T Mazza, T. Maltezopoulos, Th. Laksman, J. Koch, A. Karabekyan, S. Grünert, J. Gerasimova, N. Geloni, G. , .Gln,S aaeyn .L,T aiaa .Tmn .WlfFbi EXE)C of (Bilfinger Boffo C. (EuXFEL) Wolff-Fabris F. Tomin, S. Tanikawa, T. Li, Y. Karabekyan, S. Geloni, G. , .Bahd ..Jo ..Le(nvriyo cec n ehooyo oe UT)P upa,YJ Joo, Y.J. P. Buaphad, (UST)) Korea of Technology and Science of (University Lee H.R. Joo, Y.J. P. Buaphad, , (PAL) SNP ..Dn (SARI-CAS) Deng H.X. (SINAP) .Dhu,E cnimle,MV ukv(DESY) Yurkov M.V. Schneidmiller, E. Dohlus, M. , ..Jeong I.G. ..Le ..Le(oe tmcEeg eerhIsiue(KAERI)) Institute Research Energy Atomic (Korea Lee S.H. Lee, J.Y. , -25 keV. 53

27 Aug – Tue . . , B.D. Muratori, P.H. Williams, A. Wolski doi:10.1107/S1600577519005435 , J.F. Morgan Neil, c doi:10.1107/S1600577518000395 , E. Prat and S.Reiche E. Prat and S.Reiche J. This operation mode requires preserving the beam quality by correcting beam tilts µ Neil (USTRAT/SUPA) B.W.J. M c , B. Faatz, V. Grattoni, C. Lechner, G. Paraskaki (DESY) G. Geloni, S. Serkez, T. Tanikawa (EuXFEL) , B.W.J. M (DESY) , S. Ackermann, B. Faatz, C. Lechner, G. Paraskaki (DESY) W. Hillert, V. Miltchev (University of Ham- , A. Malyzhenkov, E. Prat, S. Reiche (PSI) , E. Ferrari, E. Prat, T. Schietinger (PSI) Á. Saá Hernández (CERN) , S. Reiche (PSI) , S. Reiche (PSI) P.Dijkstal We present a new anda simple sextupole magnet method in to a producebunch dispersive are two-color location aligned free-electron is to laser used theorbit (FEL) to axis oscillations pulses. impose and of a thus the In is horizontal undulator unable our beamare to beamline emitted tilt. scheme, amplify and at the different The will FEL wavelengths. radiation. head lase, Weof With and while report two-color an tail on the FEL energy-chirped simulations of beam, pulses core and the the using of first two this the experimental pulses scheme. studies bunch of undergoes the generation E. Prat We present a simple schemeThe to method enhance only the requires small coherence chicanes of thatfacility. SASE-FELs can Simulations be in for easily a the installed more soft between thethe compact X-ray undulator beamline undulator spectral modules of beamline. bandwidth of SwissFEL the can show FEL be that,20-25%. improved with This by respect work to up has the been to published standard a in SASE factor case, of ten and the saturation length can be reduced by J.F. Morgan and dispersion up to secondof order. this This mode presentation in reports spring on 2019. the obtained results from the commissioning SwissFEL foresees the possibility to overcompress the bunchenergy in chirp the and second bunch the compressor wakefields to in accumulatejected the the into main the linac undulator to beamline introduce this an generatespulse a energy energy SASE of chirp pulse about in with 400 the a electron full bunch. width When in bandwidth in- of about 3% and a (Cockcroft Institute) B.D. Muratori, P.H.Williams (STFC/DL/ASTeC) A.Radiation Wolski with (The orbital University of angular Liverpool) momentum,croscopic OAM, tweezers. has many The applications feasibilityshot such of noise as in generating in an light electron imaging beam withof systems is OAM OAM and investigated radiation in using mi- at the a shorter FEL free wavelengthstechnique simulation than electron with code currently other Puffin. laser, available, SASE This FEL, as manipulation may from well schemes allow such as amplified generation as the mode opportunity locking. to incorporate the S. Ackermann W. Hillert (University of Hamburg, Institut fürThe Experimentalphysik) spectral and temporalspontaneous properties emission of (SASE) Free-Electron suffer"seeding"-techniques Lasers from (FEL) using the operating external stochastic ondemonstrated. behavior radiation the The of fields basis external the seed of to start-up isavailable self-amplified usually overcome process. with generated this a by sufficient demanding, Several limitation high-power laserthis so-called laser have pulse contribution systems, energy we been which at discuss are proposed the not severalenabling seeded high seeding and operation repetition schemes at rates that high repetition of lower rates superconducting the by FEL the requirements means for facilities. of the a In used resonator-amplifier setup. V. laser Grattoni systems, burg, Institut für Experimentalphysik) An upgrade for FLASH, thelike SASE full FEL coherence, in variable Hamburg, polarization, isbeamline and that planned multicolour will after be pulses. operated 2020 in aiming In seeded modethe this at at proposed proceeding, fulfilling a seeding high we user schemes repetition focus requirements rate. for on In delivering particular, the FEL we radiation will FLASH1 present with and wavelengths discuss from 60 downC. to Lechner 4 nm. Seeded operation of free-electron lasers (FELs)same reduces time the enhances undulator photon length required pulsegenerated for properties. in saturation plasma-based and To accelerators, at apply the the these electronsign process. parameters techniques have We to explore to FELs the be applicability driven consideredtion. of by already various during electron schemes the bunches for de- plasma accelerator-driven, seeded FEL opera- E. Prat Self-seeding has been proven to increase the longitudinalnificantly coherence improved, of especially X-ray for FELs but soft its X-rays.mance efficiency In could of this be self-seeding sig- contribution by we combining present itprocess a with with method a the to subharmonic harmonic enhance of generation the the mechanism. wavelengththe perfor- of undulator In interest, beamline particular, the by becomes coherence starting of more the the compact,simulations produced and for radiation SwissFEL the is are monochromator improved, presented realization showing iscrease that simplified. the the Numerical spectral method can brightness be bywork employed, one has within been order a published given of in space, magnitude to or in- more with respect to standardS. Reiche self-seeding. This Simple Method to Generate Two-Color FEL Pulses Using a Sextupole Magnet A Simple and Compact Scheme to Enhance the Brightness of SASE-FELs Orbital Angular Momentum from SASE High Repetition-Rate Seeding Schemes Using a Resonator-Amplifier Setup FLASH Upgrade for Seeding Parameter Constraints for Plasma Accelerator-Driven Seeded Free-Electron Lasers Compact Coherence Enhancement by Subharmonic Self-Seeding in X-Ray FELs Recent Results of the Large Bandwidth Operation at SwissFEL TUP069 TUP068 TUP072 TUP073 TUP074 TUP075 54 TUP070 TUP071

27 Aug – Tue TUP082 TUP081 TUP080 TUP079 TUP078 TUP077 TUP076 amncOfAi edn tteDLASotPleSource Short-Pulse DELTA the at Seeding Off-Axis Harmonic XFEL European the at Setup Self-Seeding X-Ray Hard the of Status FELs Seeded on Chirp Energy Beam Electron of Impact FEL Oscillator-Amplifier Seeded a of Study sFLASH at R&D Seeding esrmnso h mato edLsrCipo EGFLSpectra FEL EEHG on Chirp Laser Seed of Impact the of Measurements Laser Seed FERMI the of Configurations New and Aspects Critical eiwtepyiscocsmd ttedsg tg n h xetdpromneo h eu.W ilalso will XFEL. We Heide European der the auf setup. Meyer of the A. line of SASE2 the performance at expected made we the installations contribution hardware and this the stage In of design facility. description two- the the the a of on at on rate focus made relies repetition It choices pulse XFEL. high physics European the the the with review particular, at in commissioned deal, soon to be scheme will Laser chicanes Free-Electron setup Decking, (HXRSS) X-Ray W. Self-Seeding (European X-Ray Dong (TISNCM) Hard X. Terentiev A (DESY) S. Wohlenberg T. Blank, Saldin, V.D. GmbH) E. (ANL) Facility Negodin, Shu E. D. Liu, S. Kearney, S.P. Kocharyan, V. Anton, J.W.J. (EuXFEL) the Yakopov how M. discuss we and Geloni results G. simulation show we contribution, spectrum. final this the In affects chirp parameters energy chirp. those beam of energy electron impor- One is beam performance. it high electron FELs, guarantee such the to the of as parameters process is beam design pulses, electron the FEL During the brightness carefully pulse. choose light high coherent to and external tant limited an by transform driven coherent, is process fully up of start generation the enable FELs Seeded Experimentalphysik) für Institut burg, Paraskaki G. Paraskaki of G. overview an seeding and external presented of is study experiment the seeding given. to sFLASH is the dedicated results of is experi- experimental layout Hamburg) recent sFLASH DESY, the The (at contribution, pulses. FLASH this longitudinal In light facility improve coherent user techniques. greatly using FEL techniques way the controlled at seeding a installed FEL in ment pho- amplification coherence. FEL generate initiating longitudinal principle by (SASE) poor coherence emission typically spontaneous with self-amplified pulses the ton (DELTA) on Khan based S. (FELs) Experimentalphysik) Hillert, lasers für W. Drescher, Institut Free-electron M. Hamburg, Azima, of A. (University (DESY) Roßbach Zheng J. J. Miltchev, Przystawik, V. A. Paraskaki, G. Kazemi, Mohammad M.M. Lang, T. Lechner C. oi est ouaino eaiitcba,wt eaieysaliiileeg ouain h scheme The modulation. energy initial small har- relatively high a allows with configuration beam, (FEL) relativistic Hemsing laser a on electron E. free modulation Frascati) density seeded monic (EEHG) C.R. generation (ENEA harmonic enabled Giannessi echo L. The (EPFL) Ferrari E. (SLAC) S.C.p.A.) Trieste (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trovò M. of aspects critical Mirian the N.S. of Some discussed. tests. be EEHG will the solutions for proposed UV and used describe the seeding will configuration We EEHG provide laser 2018. and to the in HGHG of tested order scheme performance in (EEHG) double-oscillator and system Generation complex design Harmonic the evo- a Enabled the to the Echo to the added driven design by original was has needed pulses simple options complexity seed relatively experimental additional its pump-probe An from and system architecture. pulse laser double-amplifier energy, FEL seed photon new FERMI XUV generated the exploring the of for extending lution search further single-and for the demand Both as The nm. well stability. 100 as to to timing allowing 4 and adopted from been range pro- wavelength spectral have then the schemes coherence, and cover (HGHG) high demonstrate Generation Harmonic to remarkably Gain allowed with High (FEL) fresh-bunch Laser pulses double-cascade Electron XUV Free FERMI users the to at vide seeding laser external of use The S.C.p.A.) Danailov M.B. investigated. was beam harmonics electron undulator and at seeding laser of between possibility angle the crossing seeding, laser a twofold harmon- with towards higher (EEHG) study much a generation yield In to harmonic CHG. elec- interaction to echo-enabled laser-electron compared stored the second ics facility, a a requires short-pulse of which with the implemented, harmonics be of at interacts shall upgrade pulses scheme pulse an light As synchrotron laser ultrashort wavelength. a generate laser Here, to the structure source microbunching scheme. short-pulse a a forming (CHG) University, bunch generation Dortmund tron TU harmonic the coherent by operated the DELTA source employs light synchrotron 1.5-GeV the At oscillator- seeded a oper- of is results amplifier simulation an present We and scheme. beam harmonic. HGHG electron desired an modulator- the the in a of FEL modulate of advan-amplifier radiation to combination FEL the wavelength a the combine long study extract to a we to is at purpose, ated challenge used this is big For oscillator A rates. rates The repetition energies. repetition high oscillator. the pulse with by required schemes limited the seeding are with they of offer time tages currently same can the at lasers but seed pulses generated, that techniques, are these coherence With temporal (HGHG). Echo-Enabled improved Generation the an Harmonic as of Gain such High techniques the external-seeding in and community (EEHG) FEL Generation the Harmonic of interest is Experimentalphysik) there für years, recent Institut In Hamburg, of (University Hillert W. (EuXFEL) Tanikawa T. .Krbka,D aCvt,L aolv,S ekz .Sadk .Sn,V lzoa .Vannoni, M. Sleziona, V. Sinn, H. Shayduk, R. Serkez, S. Samoylova, L. Civita, La D. Karabekyan, S. , .Akran ..Amn,B at,V rtoi .Hrl ..Hrwl,R vnv .Laarmann, T. Ivanov, R. Hartwell, S.D. Hartl, I. Grattoni, V. Faatz, B. Aßmann, R.W. Ackermann, S. , .Alra .D in,WM aly .Gi,L ines,G ec,P eenkRbˇ,C Spezzani, Ribiˇc, C. Rebernik P. Penco, G. Giannessi, L. Gaio, G. Fawley, W.M. Ninno, De G. Allaria, E. , .Akran .Faz .Gatn,C ehe,J eel DS)W ilr Uiest fHam- of (University Hillert W. (DESY) Zemella J. Lechner, C. Grattoni, V. Faatz, B. Ackermann, S. , .Akran .Faz .Gatn,C ehe,M ero DS)G eoi .Serkez, S. Geloni, G. (DESY) Mehrjoo M. Lechner, C. Grattoni, V. Faatz, B. Ackermann, S. , .Cnugaa ..Dmdvc,G ud,I ioo,P iaot EetaSnrtoeTrieste (Elettra-Sincrotrone Sigalotti P. Nikolov, I. Kurdi, G. Demidovich, A.A. Cinquegrana, P. , .Bsn,S hn .Kig .Mi(DELTA) Mai C. Krieg, D. Khan, S. Büsing, B. , 55

27 Aug – Tue coherent photons at 2-5 keV with 0.2-1 MHz of repetition 10 -10 8 , E. Allaria, L. Giannessi, P.Rebernik Trieste Ribiˇc(Elettra-Sincrotrone S.C.p.A.) (Universita’ degli Studi di Milano) (SARI-CAS) , F.Curbis, W. Qin, S. Werin (MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University) F.Curbis, S. Werin (SLF) W. Qin (Lund (SARI-CAS) (SARI-CAS) X.F.Wang (SINAP) Z.T. Zhao (SSRF) (SARI-CAS) V. Petrillo Fine time-resolved analysis ofrequires matter, a i.e. fs-scale pulsed, high repetition spectroscopy rate, and fullyon coherent photon X-ray super sources. scattering conducting A seeded in cavities, FEL driven the generating by linear a 10 linac response based regime VUV an X-ray free electron lasers (FELs)particularly require a sensible very to bright energy electron spread beam. and Seededat slice FEL which harmonic energy coherent generation spread radiation is can can limit be theslice produced. highest energy harmonic Different spread. conversion cascade factor At schemes can FERMIhigh have gain we a harmonic have generation different evaluated (HGHG) sensibility and the to ofpulse impact the echo energy of enable harmonic as the generation slice function (EEHG) energy of byharmonics. measuring spread the The the on slice electron FEL the energy beam spread performance slice was of varying energy trough spread. the laser The heater measurements located were in the done LINAC at that different drive FERMI. is based on the double modulation ofpersive the sections. same Recent beam experiments with carried two out seed atthis pulses, FERMI, scheme in the two allows Elettra-FEL chains the user of conversion facility, modulators have of andtion demonstrated an dis- that stage optical and laser have to soft-X shownof ray that the wavelengths the data in resulting available a beam from single the is harmonic experimentalphase exponentially multiplica- sessions distortion amplified. on on FERMI, We the to have spectrum study carried of bandwidthnumerical out the in models. impact an EEHG. of analysis The non experimental linear data longitudinal are compared to theoretical and S. Spampinati rate, can address this need.stage cascades Three upshifting different the seeding radiation schemesseed frequency are represented by by described a a hereafter. coherent factor TheHarmonic flash 10-30. first Generation of two of extreme The are ultraviolet. an X-rays multi- optical rangeregenerative This amplifier laser can radiation working be or can with X-ray achieved by be mirrors. a with providedmeans The either FEL a whole of by chain start-to-end Oscillator of the simulations. operating the High at X-ray generation 12-14 is nm. here described by The thirdRings scheme is a C. Feng Prebunching is an effective wayand to output reduce stability the of radiation storage saturation ringhigh length, based harmonic FEL. improve A the bunching novel longitudinal with technique coherence very whichtively uses reduce small angular the laser-induced dispersion radiation energy to saturation enhance spread lengthical the is without simulations proposed. significantly demonstrated reducing that This the this peak techniquelevel, power technique fully can of can temporal effec- the be coherent FEL. femtosecond used Numer- based EUV for on and the a soft diffraction generation X-ray limited of storage radiation hundred ring. pulses megawatt-scale through ten meters undulator C. Feng We present the design studies andthat experimental has results been of recently the performed echo-enabled at harmonic the generation Shanghai soft experiments X-ray FEL facility. T. Liu Due to severaltion potential monochromator based advantages self-seedingmanuscript, than the scheme specific transmission and scheme will enable type, beand the adopted FEL3. to we application S2E cover simulations the on have will photonproject. the be energy given presented of SHINE here, 5-15 illustrating the project. keV the at feasibility undulator proposal of line In the FEL1 of this reflection case the at theWavelength reflec- SHINE K.S. Zhou For the fully coherent, ultra-shortresearch and fields, high such power as soft biology, X-rays chemistrysource are or by becoming physics. the key However, conventional it’s instruments hard lasers, in to especiallyable many generate for reflectors. this different the kind soft The of X-rays advanced external withgive light ultra-short seeded an wavelength free example because electron of to no laser generatecascaded suit- (FEL) schemes. highly EEHG is temporal scheme coherent considered is used soft as as X-rays one the with first-stage feasible while the method. the wavelength HGHG scheme 1 Here, isM.A. nm we used Pop as by the the second-stage. two-stage University) The Soft X-ray Laserradiation (SXL) in currently the being 1-5 studiedat nm at adding wavelength MAX to range. IV thecoherence In SXL Laboratory of this an is FELs contribution, Echo envisioned in Enabled we to theenergy Harmonic present produce chirp Soft Generation of the coherent X-ray the scheme, results electron regime. bunch which of cominghigh Our has out simulations harmonics of work been aimed necessary the puts for shown MAX IV covering special to Linac the emphasis and increase full on on wavelength the generating range. accommodating sufficient bunching the at positive the High Repetition Rate and Coherent Free-Electron Laser in the X-rays Range Tailored for Linear Spectroscopy Energy Spread Impact on HGHG and EEHG FEL Pulse Energy Angular Dispersion Enabled Microbunching for Coherent EUV and Soft X-Ray FEL Generation in Storage Echo-Enabled Harmonic Generation at Shanghai Soft X-Ray FEL Facility S2e Simulations of the Reflection Hard X-Ray Self-Seeding at the SHINE Project Numerical Simulations for Generating Fully Coherent Soft X-Ray Free Electron Lasers With Ultra-Short Simulations for Implementing the ECHO Scheme in the Soft X-Ray Laser Project at MAX IV TUP084 TUP083 TUP085 TUP086 TUP087 TUP088 TUP090 56

27 Aug – Tue TUP092 TUP091 FLTidHroi ttsisMaueeta LCLS at Measurement Statistics Harmonic Third XFEL Facility Test Laser Electron Free VUV Seeded NSRRC the of Simulation Start-to-end ocaatrz h tandnnlna hr amncsetu.W opr hoeia rdcin ihnu- with predictions attempt theoretical and results. compare chicane We experimental self-seeding and spectrum. simulations X-ray harmonic merical hard third the non-linear in attained photon self-seeding the fundamental characterize keV harmonic 2 to third at performed radiation We XFEL harmonic LCLS. third at keV energy 6 the of properties statistical the investigate We (DESY) Halavanau A. investigate to simulation start-to-end is facility. perform laser test we study, seed the this small 200-nm of In a performance A by THU20. operational accomplished length. to the is delivered period Micro-bunching is 20-mm THU24. beam of undulator, wave- the undulator helical before with the helical chicane in radiation twin modulation EUV THU20 energy a MW beam from for of nm used hundreds 50 produce as to harmonic short 4th gen- as scheme the to length employs (HGHG) proposed It generation been region. has harmonic (EUV) system ultraviolet high linac extreme electron high-gain the brightness in high radiation MeV coherent 250 intense a ultrashort by erate driven (FEL) laser electron free A Teng S.Y. NH)CH hn ..Lau, W.K. Chen, C.H. (NTHU) .Em,Z un,AA umn .Mru,TJ awl,C elgii(LC ..Guetg M.W. (SLAC) Pellegrini C. Maxwell, T.J. Marcus, G. Lutman, A.A. Huang, Z. Emma, C. , A.P. e NRC .W (SLAC) Wu J. (NSRRC) Lee 57

27 Aug – Tue ). It is planned to measure the -4 superposition states (l = 1, 2, 3) and with > and |-l > Tuesday - Late Afternoon O.A. Shevchenko (BINP SB RAS) — TUD Chair: , Ya.V. Getmanov, O.A. Shevchenko (BINP SB RAS) S. Bae, Y.U. Jeong (KAERI) , K. Kawase, R. Nagai (QST) Y. Hayakawa, T. Sakai, Y. Sumitomo (LEBRA) T. Miyajima, M. Shimada , F.-J. Decker, Z. Huang, Y. Liu, J.P. MacArthur, R.A. Margraf, T.O. Raubenheimer, A. Sakdinawat, T.- , H. Hao, P.Liu, S.F.Mikhailov, V. Popov, J. Yan (FEL/Duke University) S.V. Benson (JLab)

SLAC National Laboratory Collaboration G. Marcus The fine structure of theeral pulses FEL inside radiation an is optical determinedhyperfine resonator), by structure which the of is coherence the usually between FELthe due pulses emission active to spectrum (in medium. the (optical systems technical resonator with Thisspectral features modes) sev- structures report of depends of presents the the on the installation. NovoFEL slow andFabry-Perot results fluctuations The the interferometers. of in compact experimental The KAERI FEL investigations very bycal of high the resonator coherence the use (coherence of of fine length NovoFEL optimal and is with instrumentsabsence hyperfine 7 one - of km, resonance coherence pulse relative between circulating width two insideneously circulating of the circulate pulses, the inside opti- i.e. the hyperfine KAERI fine structure FEL structure, optical lines(the resonator, were is coherence and measured. the length 0.5E-8) coherence Sixty is and length pulses 1 on the average simulta- m, total covers the ten pulses relative width of the fine structure lines is 10 F.Tan, D. Zhu (SLAC) L. Assoufid,One K. solution Kim, R.R. for Lindberg, producing X. longitudinally Shi,plifier coherent D. Shu, FEL in Yu. pulses an Shvyd’ko, M. is X-ray White to cavitypasses. (ANL) store so and The that recirculate X-ray the the FEL X-ray output oscillatortechnique pulse of (XFELO) and an can and rely am- the interact on X-ray with the regenerative followinga amplifier same fresh high FEL fundamental electron repetition (XRAFEL) ingredients bunches rate concepts to over electron use realizemonochromatize many beam, this their the an full radiation. undulator capability. to Both Thepotentially provide schemes transformative FEL shared FEL require gain, infrastructure, properties and of complementary the an performancetional XFELO X-ray Laboratory and characteristics, cavity XRAFEL (ANL) and have to and brought recirculate SLAC togetherat and National a Laboratory joint LCLS-II. (SLAC) Argonne We Na- collaboration present aimedexperiments at plans employing enabling to 2-bunch these copper schemes install RF aring-down linac measurements rectangular accelerated and 2-pass electron X-ray gain beams. measurements cavity for This bothschemes. in the includes low-gain performing the XFELO and cavity LCLS-II the high-gain undulator RAFEL hall and perform ..Kubarev V.V. each eigenstate carrying lhOAM OAM. beams Spatially has been organized achieved in with reasonable Laguerrethese power. beams. Optical Gaussian techniques modes, The have been operation stable developed of FELvia to such characterize Compton lasing scattering. an of OAM these FEL paves the way for the generation ofGeneration in OAM Rare gamma-ray Gases beams R. Hajima (KEK) H. Ohgaki, H. Zen (KyotoHigh University) harmonic generation (HHG)ond in pulses rare in gases VUV wavelengths. isFELs. now So We far becoming propose HHG a a sources FEL-driven common havea HHG been technology MHz-repetition, source realized which to to by is explore produce femtosecond attosecond difficult solid-state attosec- technologies pulses with lasers, for at solid-state not the photon lasers. FEL-HHG, energies which A above covers research generation 1cillator, and program stacking keV characterization has of with of been FEL few-cycle launched pulses IR pulses in toin in an establish a a external FEL FEL oscillator. cavity, os- and In this a talk, seed we laser present for the stabilization scheme of of carrier-envelope FEL-HHG phase and the status of the research program. hyperfine structure of the KAERI FEL radiation. Y.K. Wu Coherent vortices have been generated with severalexperimental schemes demonstration using of a coherent vortice single-pass generation FEL. using ThisDuke an work University, we oscillator reports FEL. have the With established first the fundamental storage harmonicangular ring FEL FEL momentum lasing at (OAM) in a modes, variety with of photons coherently mixed in orbital the |l Cavity-Based Free-Electron Laser Research and Development: A Joint Argonne National Laboratory and Fine and Hyperfine Structure of FEL Emission Spectra Application of Infrared FEL Oscillators for Producing Isolated Attosecond X-Ray Pulses via High-Harmonic Generating Orbital Angular Momentum Beams in an FEL Oscillator

15 15 30 30 27-Aug-19 16:15 – 17:45 Auditorium (Lecture Hall A) 58 TUD02 TUD03 TUD04 TUD01 17:30 17:15 16:45 16:15

27 Aug – Tue 18:00 TUT01 7Ag1 80 90 uioim(etr alA) Hall (Lecture Auditorium 19:00 – 18:00 27-Aug-19

60 oeetSotnosSpraineadSiuae-uerdatEiso fBnhdEeto Beams Electron Bunched of Emission Stimulated-Superradiant and Superradiance Spontaneous Coherent Es nXRyFL hs rcse r ovltdwt te fet,btte r udlnsfrsrtge of strategies for guidelines are they but effects, other with enhancement. convoluted efﬁciency are Ta- tapering processes - seed-injected wiggler these of regime section FELs nonlinear wiggler X-Ray the tapered In the to to extended FELs. related also and Optical-Klystron, is (TESSA), emission Superradiance Stimulated schemes: spontaneous Enhanced Smith-Purcell coherent radiation pering or of radiation electron model undulator radiation, free general synchrotron The general on term radiation. based to in sources applied THz presented coherent are model, and processes EEHG, expansion emission HGHG, radiation mode the coherent in radiation These (ST-SR) stimulated-superradiance a ﬁeld. a of of radiation of process injected emission a N seed SP-SR by a to The enhanced Dicke’s). of further proportional presence of even radiation sense be coherent the can beam (in spontaneously (SP-SR) electron emits superradiance bunched beam (spontaneous) num- of electron the process to pre-bunched proportional the is a through that N, beam electron beam. particles random particles a of charged from ber bunched radiation of a emission from spontaneous emission to radiation contrast coherent In of processes fundamental the outline We Gover A. Uiest fTlAi,Fclyo Engineering) of Faculty Tel-Aviv, of (University TUT — usa Tutorial Tuesday 59 2

27 Aug – Tue B.E. Carlsten (LANL) Wednesday - Early Morning Chair: — WEA , J. Smedley (LANL) K.L. Jensen (NRL) , P.Michelato, D. Sertore (INFN/LASA) G. Guerini Rocco, C. Pagani (Università degli Studi di Milano & (DESY Zeuthen) E. Vogel (DESY) , M. Krasilnikov, H.J. Qian, F.Stephan (DESY Zeuthen)

L. Monaco INFN) The INFN-LASA group hasfor a high long brightness standing photoinjectors. experienceof in 10 The the nm well-established of production recipethe relies Te, of understanding followed on cesium of by the telluride photocathode the deposition photocathodes properties,process, Cs of we evaluating deposition a are photocathode until investigating typical optical reaching the properties amount on effect the and the of quantum final maximum Te film. efficiency QE. thickness duringGun Nevertheless, on These at the for photocathodes the the growing PITZ will growing improving process facility be in and then DESY Zeuthen, operated to and estimate analyzed their in impact on the the real electron environment beam properties. of the RF Free electron laser based X-ray facilitiesbeam require emittance high brightness in accelerators all whichaccelerators planes entails is minimization for set of a at the fixed thethe injectors bunch already, contributions charge. emittance from optimization Since the at the space themization injector charge lowest of exit and achievable normalized needs rf transverse emittance to emittance forces of carefullyroutinely at as budget found linac the the well based smallest Photo as possible Injector the emittance Test fortoemission. intrinsic Facility a In at cathode fixed such bunch DESY contribution. a charge regime, in in high The Zeuthen a spaceformation. so-called charge (PITZ) opti- transition density has Strong regime of space of the pho- beam charge significantly fieldsthe contributes during emittance to budget the the distribution. phase emission space Based process on alterdecomposed an contribution advanced the beam of cathode dynamics the physics modeling measured approach, emittance thereby wetion for changing analyze understanding regime each between the optimization linear scheme and in space the charge transi- dominated emission. Obtained results will be presented. mission Y. Chen N.A. Moody Development of photoemission electron sources for(xFEL), ultra-fast advanced electron light diffraction sources (UED), such and asengineered-material low-light approach X-ray sensor integrating Free applications predictive Electron computational has Lasers physics motivatedmethods models, a advanced comprehensive and nano-synthesis characterization withTechniques such in-situ as correlated compositionally graded studytures, stoichiometry, allowing of heterostructured for photoemission architectures, enhanced and optoelectronic performancemission quantum properties. and but fea- These have properties. methods not, influencegrowing the until collaboration mechanisms recently, effort of been involving photoe- applied advancedefforts toward synthesis, show the photocathode X-ray efficacy applications. synchrotron of these characterization, approaches.tal Recent and data, Highlights of results are modeling presented these from as studies, well including a as predictionsodes future and and plans experimen- other to optoelectronic exploit devices. controlled functionality of nanomaterials for photocath- H.J. Qian Hard X-ray FELs (XFELs) operating with pulsed RFOperating provide the unprecedented accelerators peak with brilliance CW for RF scientific improves research. and the flexibility opens w.r.t. the the available time next structurewhich for frontier experiments requires of both average CW brilliance. operationThe and CW One highest mode possible of technically constraints beam the the qualitybrightness, challenges gun allowing acceleration so of lasing gradient, R&D CW at which is is XFELs shortest onedevelopment wavelengths. is devoted status of the to of the CW keys electron CW RF to source, gun guns, electron both source improvements normal since conducting and decades. superconducting, is In reviewed. this contribution, the worldwide Growing and Characterization of Cs2Te Photocatodes with Different Thicknesses at INFN LASA Emittance Budget in the Transition Regime Between Linear Emission and Space Charge Dominated Photoe- State-of-the-Art Photocathodes and New Developments Overview on CW RF Gun Developments for Short Wavelength FELs

15 30 30 15 28-Aug-19 09:00 – 10:30 Auditorium (Lecture Hall A) 60 WEA04 WEA03 WEA01 WEA02 10:15 10:00 09:30 09:00

28 Aug – Wed 12:30 12:00 11:30 11:00 WEB04 WEB03 WEB02 WEB01 8Ag1 10 24 uioim(etr alA) Hall (Lecture Auditorium 12:45 – 11:00 28-Aug-19

15 30 30 30 e-etscn aiiyWd ycrnzto fteErpa XFEL European the of Synchronization Facility-Wide Few-Femtosecond Diagnostics Beam to Learning Machine of Application Measurements and Developments Resolution: Sub-Micrometer with Wire-Scanners Euro- the at Images Beam Electron Scintillator-Based in Effects Smoke-Ring of Mitigation and Identification h anR siltr nbe yanvlR/pia hs eetr ial,wt h edr fteexperi- the of femtoseconds. of seeders tens scientific the few independent of with two jitter at Finally, timing experiments X-ray/optical first detector. an oscillator, proved phase laser instruments master RF/optical the novel to to a synchronized oscillator lasers by laser optical master ment’s enabled the oscillator, optical of field the synchronization RF cavity unprecedented for equally main RF an but the requires the locking and benchmarked, by reference being achieved optical be is the only to performance can control level accelerator few- this the another on Stability through only synchronized itself. not injector infrastructure tightly the Thus, synchronization are in two lasers installed link. reference with being two fiber one measured these long with being hall, oscillator, km inde- experimental linac, laser is the master long monitors in a km one the to and 2 of fiber area optical the each stabilized While of a end by monitors. linked the time pendently at arrival excel- bunches in bunch resulted femtosecond-resolution electron XFEL adjacent the European individual of the stability at system time synchronization arrival optical (DESY) lent Zummack the F. Titberidze, of M. evaluation Sydlo, facility-wide C. first Schmidt, The Ch. Schlarb, H. Pfeiffer, S. Müller, Mavriˇc, J.M. U. eie,asmayo eetwrswl epeetddmntaigpoiigrslsfrfrhrueo ML of Schulz use S. further for results methods. promising existing demonstrating surpass presented potentially be diagnostics. or tasks will beam diagnostics complement works in beam recent concepts to indicate of applied to summary efficiently and techniques a be control ML Besides, can of of domain solutions overview the based an in provide ML particular to in where is and physics target accelerator The experiments. in Physics diagnostics. also Energy grown and High has to ML recognition of face application from and the ranges Recently, information application relevant discover The to data. industry from and predictions science in make used widely are techniques (ML) Learning Machine Fol E. outlook and Status limit. resolution any by beam affected presented. resolve be being will to without wire-scanners solutions nm nano-fabricated wire-scanner 400-500 of innovative of Swiss- such size at of a out capability with carried profiles the manufactured tests transverse demonstrated Experimental been emittance technique. have low lithographic wire-scanners a a nano-fabricated of at means process, FEL by lasing FERMI as the and limit on PSI sub-micrometer at impact the independently towards the resolution decrease spatial the to improve as are to invasivity well order minimal (Elettra- In and community. Veronese resolution FEL M. spatial the demanding Penco, by more G. required ever with Ferianis, profile M. transverse beam (IOM-CNR) the Lazzarino of Monitors M. Zilio, Dal S. S.C.p.A.) Trieste Cefarin, Sincrotrone N. (PSI) Prat E. bosi, Orlandi G.L. from results test first and can diagnostics presented. profile profiles be results beam beam will for experimental measurements observed suitable with beam materials the comparisons scintillator model, new first Possible this description, shown. of on model be effects Based the will quenching ex- with way. account Together the heuristic into qualitatively. Following a takes understood in material. which be pC scintillator developed scintillator hundred a was the model inside from few simple carriers effects a a excitonic by of physics, caused energy charges are high excluded, distortions bunch in be profile at can perience the influence measured dynamical that beam profiles assumed and is beam emission OTR it coherent addition, scintillator, While In this significantly structure. with ring’ were ’smoke values micrometers a ones. showed emittance few expected measured a the the to that down than showed sizes commissioning larger beam XFEL resolve moni- the to screen during possible scintillating experience is on the it based are While XFEL LYSO:Ce. European using the tors at measurements profile beam transverse Standard Kube G. XFEL pean (CERN) .Lu ..Nvkhnv .Shl (DESY) Scholz M. Novokshonov, A.I. Liu, S. , ..Cwlna .Fle,M enr .Grh .Kzk .Lm,B atnclgr .Ludwig, F. Lautenschlager, B. Lamb, T. Kozak, T. Gerth, C. Fenner, M. Felber, M. Czwalinna, M.K. , .Brel,C.Dvd .Frai .Gzno .Hran .Hezlr .Iceek .Lom- C. Ischebeck, R. Huerzeler, O. Hermann, B. Guzenko, V. Ferrari, E. David, Ch. Borrelli, S. , WEB Chair: — ensa aeMorning Late - Wednesday ..Lmkn(AAI/ANL) Lumpkin A.H. 61

28 Aug – Wed Poster Area Wednesday Poster Session — WEP , F.X. Kärtner (Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) and Center for Free Electron Science (DESY) , J. Rönsch-Schulenburg, M. Vogt (DESY) , S. Bielawski, C. Evain, C. Szwaj (PhLAM/CERLA) C. Gerth, B. Steffen (DESY) , S. Bielawski, C. Evain, C. Szwaj (PhLAM/CERLA) N. Adhlakha, P.Cinquegrana, S. Di Mitri, P.Di Pietro, , A. Berlin, E. Cano Vargas, H.P.H. Cheng, A. Dai, J. Derksen, P. Schiepel (Cycle GmbH) F.X. Kärtner B. Beutner Even in pure SASE operationline information is about useful the to longitudinal optimise phase-spaceapproaches and downstream such data of tune are a FEL more important FEL performance. or undulator ing even In essential. structures advanced Such are beamlines FEL used utilising schemes X-band successfully transverse likenamely in deflect- seeding other the or machines up e.g. like to the fresh 2700nostic LCLS. slice lines bunches At especially the with requires European an 4.5 XFEL extraction MHzXTDS the scheme diagnostic per for time lines individual pulse, structure, for bunches. impose the In European additional this XFEL boundary paper as we well conditions. discuss as proposed beam Such optics diag- andF. operational Christie aspects. Transverse Deflecting RF-Structures (TDS) areFree-Electron successfully Lasers used (FEL) for (LCLS, longitudinal FLASH, diagnostic EU-XFEL,FEL purposes FERMI). undulators at and Moreover, by many placing installing the ature measurement TDS can screen downstream be in of estimated, a as the dispersive was section, demonstrated at the LCLS temporal and photon sFLASH. pulse Here we struc- describe the installation of a variable (CFEL)) A. Berlin, H.P.H.Cheng, A. Dai,High-precision J. and Derksen, P.Schiepel, low-noise K. timing Shafak (Cycle transferlaser GmbH) (FEL) from is a an master essential task.are clock required Timing to for precisions different ranging seeded end from FELs feware stations and commonly tens of attosecond of used a femtoseconds as science to master free-electron centers. sub-femtoseconds oscillators,jitter due Mode-locked in to lasers the their attosecond referenced superior to range.mode-locked stability RF and In lasers standards timing this to precision, matter, RF depicting one sources.for timing of laser-to-RF Here, the synthesis we in biggest FEL compare challenges facilities: and isand (i) contrast to RF (ii) two signal transfer VCO-to-laser extraction of the from synchronization. the timing the mostgenerated optical stability RF pulse Test common of train signal setups techniques using and are photodiodes, used the built relativevalues timing to varying jitter measure between with 10 respect both to and the the 100to mode-locked absolute fs some laser. are phase hundreds Short-term achieved of noise timing for fs jitter different of due test to the setups, environmental while influence long are term observed. timing drift ranging FERMI Beamline E. Roussel A. Perucchi, M. Veronese (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.) The electro-optic sampling (EOS) technique is afrequency well-known method range for with the detection a of typical electrica resolution field probe in of laser the sub-picosecond. THz through a ItEOS birefringent is crystal. setup based based We on present on the hereteraFERMI the the encoding beamline. spectral-encoding development of of technique the TeraFERMI a is using THz high-resolution usingAluminum signal a single-shot the foil in 1550-nm THz in laser. radiation the emitted beamspectra The by with dump setup the electron of was machine bunches the setting installed passing FERMI-FEL. and on the through Our performance an the single-shot of EOS the FEL. setup permitsE. to Roussel correlate the THz Electron bunch shape measurement isshot key is in particularly FEL challenging in development. hightime-stretch However strategy, repetition which measuring machines. consists bunch In in shapes this imprintingto work, in the "stretch" we single- bunch the are electric testing output field the pulse onto so-calledbunch by a photonic optical chirped shape, laser means. which pulse, As can and a then first be result, tests recorded we of using obtain this is a strategy aparallel photodiode at slowed-down with and European "optical the XFEL, replica" existing GHz-range spectral of after acquisition decoding the the board. technique, second in bunch order We to compressor. will make These a present tests comparativeK. study. are performed Shafak in (Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) and CenterNovel for light-matter Free Electron interaction Science experiments (CFEL)) conductedstruments in and free-electron extreme lasers, ultrafast lighttosecond electron infrastructures diffraction pulsed require in- lasers. synchronous operationsource In of used particular, in microwave Ti:sapphire these sources lasers facilities withat due have fem- around to become 800-nm their the optical wide-range most tunability wavelength.erating and common at Therefore, their 800 near-infrared a ability nm light to highly isthese generate sensitive facilities. an ultrashort optical-to-microwave Electro-optic pulses indispensable phase sampling tool detector is torelative one op- approach phase synchronize that noise these has between ubiquitous proven microwaves to laserswavelength and be has to the optical been most the pulse so precise microwave trains. far in clocks800-nm extracting limited. operation However, of the based their Here, on implementation we electro-optic sampling. at show The a 800-nm frequencies detector above balanced has 100 a optical-microwave Hz timing phase resolution and detector of a 0.01 designed total fs for noise RMS for floor offset of less than 10E. fs RMS Cano integrated Vargas from 1 Hz to 1 MHz. A Post-Undulator X-Band TDS Diagnostics Line for the European XFEL A PolariX TDS for the FLASH2 Beamline Development of a THz Oscilloscope for the Detection of Electric Fields in the 1-10 THz Range at the Tera- Photonic Time-Stretch Electro-Optic Sampling of Electron Bunches at European XFEL Balanced Optical-Microwave Phase Detector for 800-nm Pulsed Lasers with Sub-Femtosecond Resolution Timing Stability Comparison Study of RF Synthesis Techniques 28-Aug-19 14:15 – 15:45 WEP006 62 WEP005 WEP001 WEP002 WEP003 WEP004

28 Aug – Wed WEP012 WEP011 WEP010 WEP009 WEP008 WEP007 etscn ae-oR ycrnzto n FRfrneDsrbto tteErpa XFEL European the at Distribution Reference RF and Synchronization Laser-to-RF Femtosecond XFEL European the at Performance Feedback Slow and Stability Term Long XFEL European the at Operation Multi-Beamline sg fteMcoC. lcrnc ltomfrFmoeodSnhoiainSystems Synchronization Femtosecond for Platform Electronics MicroTCA.4 the of Usage o-naieTzSetoee ihMzRaotRt tErpa XFEL European at Rate Readout MHz with Spectrometer THz Non-Invasive FLASH at Feedback Beam-Based Intra-Train Longitudinal oeodsal Frfrnesgasfrciia ceeaigfil oto ttos h prto experience operation performance. The REFM-OPT the stations. of fem- control evaluation delivering detailed field a XFEL, accelerating with European together critical with reported the for system be at synchronization will signals operated optical reference the permanently RF from are stable pulses REFM-OPTs measure tosecond laser nine to the Currently (MZM), to modulator respect accuracy. stable with amplitude high long-term phase Mach-Zehnder femtosecond RF integrated a the an uses resynchronize detect It on and to reference. based developed RF detector, been the has phase of (REFM-OPT) errors laser-to-RF may module phase signals reference induced reference optical environmentally RF an correct GHz drifts, and 1.3 these remove noise To phase clients conventional ultra-low time. a reference by provided over RF distributed the drift are However, of signals reference number system. RF distribution large GHz RF the 1.3 the coaxial to reliability, prov- higher network Due expected fiber the facility. optical of an accelerator because in and the distributed are throughout laser stability mode-locked femtosecond a from ing pulses optical XFEL, European the At software of terms in Lamb T. systems performance. FEL feedback and the feedback review to respect will in we have also Here signals but layout monitoring results. conceptual relevant interesting and all architecture show fixing conditions. fully and operation versus out chosen state accelerators carried longitudinal ’free-floating’ the 8 been machine keep to the to Up comparing used years. of routinely two tests are than First more loops since feedback operation slow user transversal in 9 running and routinely now is XFEL European The be overview easily Kammering brief can R. a patterns gives bunch contribution complex This individual even or how FELs. parts highlights system. the which timing and of the of this via any out undula- facilitating configured trains, in three scheme bunch production its kicker-septum long photon to the microsecond for bunches of 600 selected electron to direct be up to can delivers scheme bunches accelerator Wort- distribution The J. beam Wilksen, T. unique lines. Wamsat, a tor T. Scholz, uses M. XFEL Omet, European M. Obier, The F. Nölle, D. Liu, (DESY) S. mann Limberg, T. Kay, H. Kammering, R. Fröhlich L. tfia lcrnba nriso pt 75GVhsbe ntle ontemo h anlncjs before just linac main the of downstream installed been has GeV 17.5 to beamline up (DR) radiation of op- diffraction energies A the beam for experiments. science crucial electron photon is final for profile as at well bunch as electron accelerator longitudinal linear the the and about of powerful eration knowledge most Exact the of pulses. one laser generates Germany, X-ray Hamburg, brilliant in located Laser Free-Electron X-ray European The residual observed Lockmann and N.M. results latest The below. feed- and beam-based rms intra-train fs our 5 in presented. towards corrections are stabilities larger instabilities time for arrival stations now SRF incorporating with pushing out together carried back been actuator have as 1 tests a cavity with First fast operated commissioned. cavity the successfully RF the was Recently amplifier corrections. solid-state time pulsed arrival ultimate kW for bunch- used modulation is energy cavity allows the RF and chicane conducting magnetic FLASH normal at compressor broadband bunch small first a (1 the of by-bunch to installation prior (BAM) and located fibers, is monitors PM cavity time accommo- The on cavity. system arrival based synchronization design bunch optical XFEL new the latest of the include: upgrade dation electronics, upgrades MicroTCA.4 Those syn- via readouts the facility. and on front-ends FLASH upgrades major the after of recommissioned system been chronization has feedback beam-based intra-train longitudinal The Lautenschlager B. flexi- performance, state-of-the-art integration, com- of maintainability. and It high-level remote piezos the and for bility, are system. drivers system and synchronization the boards, describe optical of processor we Advantages FPGA the paper, digitizers, stepper-motors. of this fast control including In modules real-time MicroTCA.4 cross-correlation. and various optical prises supervision balanced for using hardware lasers reference electronic Experimental ar- optical pulses. the bunch the FEL while the to control time-stabilize locked further and tightly to with detection feedbacks are stations field beam-based RF RF in processed precise critical are for time-resolved times supplies signals rival out system reference carry synchronization phase-stable to long-term The synchronization and short- precision. oscillator high laser fem- sub-10 with and providing experiments stability installed are pump-probe time systems arrival synchronization bunch optical DESY electron at tosecond FLASH and XFEL European the At (DESY) Zummack F. Titberidze, M. .Felber M. PolariX the of polarization variable emit- unique the slice to as due well cavity same as TDS. the reconstructions, a using pulse such planes photon of both in and installation measurements measurements The tance space undulators. phase FLASH2 longitudinal the enables of downstream TDS TDS) (PolariX structure X-band polarization .Fle,T oa,JM ülr .Shab .Sdo .Tteiz,F umc (DESY) Zummack F. Titberidze, M. Sydlo, C. Schlarb, H. Müller, J.M. Kozak, T. Felber, M. , ..Fle,M enr .Kzk .Lm,JM ülr ..Pzgd,H clr,S cuz .Sydlo, C. Schulz, S. Schlarb, H. Przygoda, K.P. Müller, J.M. Lamb, T. Kozak, T. Fenner, M. Felber, E.P. , .Ahbba,V aadn .Bunr .Bikr .Dcig .Glbv,O ese,Y Janik, Y. Hensler, O. Golubeva, N. Decking, W. Brinker, F. Beutner, B. Balandin, V. Aghababyan, A. , µ pcn)o h e il ag.Truhteeeg eedn ahlnt ftesucceeding the of length path dependent energy the Through range. mille per the on spacing) s (DESY) .Grh .Shit .Wsh(DESY) Wesch S. Schmidt, B. Gerth, C. , ..Cwlna .Dru,C et,S fifr .Shab h cmd (DESY) Schmidt Ch. Schlarb, H. Pfeiffer, S. Gerth, C. Dursun, B. Czwalinna, M.K. , 63

28 Aug – Wed s long bunch trains with a repetition rate of 10 Hz and a s long bunch trains with a repetition rate of 10 Hz and a µ µ , M. Felber, T. Kozak, T. Lamb, J.M. Müller, H. Schlarb, S. Schulz, C. Sydlo, F.Zummack (DESY) , M.K. Czwalinna, C. Gerth (DESY) , N. Awari, M. Bawatna, J.-C. Deinert, S. Germanskiy, I.E. Ilyakov, S. Kovalev, S. Kovalev, Zhe. Wang , W. Decking, M. Hüning (DESY) , W. Decking, M. Hüning (DESY) maximum energy of 17.5 GeV. Thesition FEL and process hence poses on very alltwo strict upstream kicker requirements magnets. on systems, It the long was stability pulsestripline therefore of kickers kickers decided the with with to beam moderate very split stability po- stable the butpulse amplitude very beam kicker fast (flat-top) distribution system. pulses. and system This relatively into contribution slow gives pulses a brief and overview fast of the long B. Steffen The electro-optical bunch lengthstalled detection and systems are based beinglongitudinal on commissioned bunch electro-optic at profiles with spectral the sub-picosecond resolution European decoding atand XFEL. a have arrival bunch The times been repetition rate of systems in- 1.13 entire are MHz.drifts bunch capable Bunch for trains lengths of consecutive with bunch single-bunch recording resolution trains. individual detection have system In been this located measured paper, as after we wellbunch the present as arrival-time second first monitor jitter shows bunch measurement and good results compressor. agreement. for A the preliminary electro-optical comparison with dataM. Titberidze from the RF photo-injectors are used intron various large, Lasers mid (XFELs), and small-scale externaldiffraction accelerator (UED) facilities injection-based such sources. laser-driven as Many X-ray plasmalaser of Free accelerators Elec- system, these (LPAs) either facilities because and require of aexperiments ultrafast beam carried high electron out dynamics precision to reasons synchronization studying or of physicalsynchronizations the photo-injector processes in on photo-injector the femtosecond directly order timescales. impacting of Itthe pump-probe 10 is fs RF thus rms crucial gun. or to achieve belowcial between In the near-infrared this (NIR) photocathode paper, laser photocathode we and laserachieving the present oscillator less RF the to than source 20 2.9979 laser-to-RF driving fs GHz synchronization rmsan RF setup timing advanced source. jitter employed synchronization in to Together the setup with measurement lock astantly bandwidth the the the from a first long-term 10 commer- future results timing Hz upgrade, drift up stability. promising to 1 even MHz, lower we timing describe jitter andM. most Chen impor- (HZDR) M. Gensch (Technische Universität Berlin)Multi-color M. Gensch pump-probe (DLR) techniques utilizingTHz modern facilities accelerator-based have 4th become important generation sciencecise light drivers knowledge over sources the of past such the 10 properties as years. ofable In the this sensitivity involved type and accelerator-based of light temporal experiments pulses resolution. the cruciallyfield-resolved pre- In detection determines of this the superradiant work achiev- THz pulses we can demonstrate playond and for laser improving discuss the probe precision the of experiments powerful THz at role pumpgeneral. femtosec- pulse superradiant The and THz developed diagnostic facilities scheme in providesfrom particular realtime information multiple and on accelerator at the based properties 4th of THz generation individual sources light pulses operated sources at in 100 KHz repetition rate and opens a robutst way for maximum energy of 17.5 GeV. Thesition FEL and process hence poses on very alltwo strict upstream kicker requirements magnets. on systems, It the long was stability pulsestripline therefore of kickers decided kickers the with with to beam very moderate split po- stability stable the butkicker amplitude beam very system. (flat-top) distribution fast and system pulses. relatively into This slow contribution pulses gives and a brief fast overview of theF. fast Obier A special feature of thebeam European pulse to XFEL different X-ray free-electron laser laserand (FEL) is a beam-lines. the Lambertson This possibility is DC to achieved septum.pattern through distribute at a The the the combination integration FEL electron of of experiment, kickers bunches while aing. of the beam superconducting one The abort linear driver accelerator dump operates linac allows with of a constant the beam flexible FEL load- selection can of deliver the up bunch to 600 the switchyard to the threeregime FEL is undulator monitored beamlines. by the The 4-staged spectralterization grating intensity spectrometer based of CRISP on and the form allows DR factor non-invasive inelectronics bunch measurements of the length down the charac- THz to spectrometer and a have infrared few beenbunches modified micrometers. inside for As the MHz the readout bunch rates, readout train thethis and can longitudinal contribution, signal bunch be shaping form profile characterized factor of non-invasively measurements all the and along resulting simultaneously the reconstructed to current bunch profiles. FEL train operation. will be In described and presented asF. well Obier as A special feature of thebeam European pulse to XFEL different X-ray free-electron laser laserand (FEL) is a beam-lines. the Lambertson This possibility is DC to achieved septum.pattern through distribute at a The the the combination integration FEL electron of of experiment, kickers bunches while aing. of the beam superconducting one The abort linear driver accelerator dump operates linac allows with of a constant the beam flexible FEL load- selection can of deliver the up bunch to 600 Electro-Optical Bunch Length Detection at the EuXFEL Precise Laser-to-RF Synchronization of Photocathode Lasers Pulse and Field-Resolved Photon Diagnostics at a Superradiant THz User Facility Long Pulse Kicker System for European XFEL Beam Distribution Fast Kicker System for European XFEL Beam Distribution 64 WEP015 WEP016 WEP017 WEP014 WEP013

28 Aug – Wed WEP022 WEP021 WEP020 WEP019 WEP018 hmo cteigo nes ae ussfo em n Plasmas and Beams from Pulses Laser Intense of Scattering Thomson All-Optical the of Part a as Charges Low Very for Monitor Time Arrival High-Bandwidth Novel a of Concept Conversion XUV-THz on Based Monitor Time Arrival Single-Shot arcto n efrac fteDgtlLwLvlR oto ytmfrteSprodcigCavity Superconducting the for System Control RF Low-Level Digital the of Performance and Fabrication System Laser Seed FERMI Multifunctional the of Timing and Delay Synchronization, the of Architecture hntewvlnt ssalrte /c h cteigi o-oeetadkokn-u felectrons. of knocking-out and and coherent, non-coherent is of is scattered wavelength scattering total the the the h/mc, when electron), then of beams, electrons, smaller wavelength electron is (Compton the in wavelength h/mc of the scattering then when behavior larger Thomson much collective About is the and laser fluctuation. for distribution iclud density values the velocity with Thom- local ion length, case debye which the the the from on is then larger distribution, as information is velocity yield wavelength the electron can case the scattering In of son derived. scat- be flection The can a density electrons. and individual is temperature the case electron of this powers scattered in scattered the total spectrum over the summation length, tering debye incoherent plasma an Thom- the by About then de- obtained smaller diagnosed. confinement much is is be power magnetic wavelength can the every parameters when nearly plasma, plasma in at different scattering applied conditions son experimental is the which on diagnostic, Depending powerful vice. very a is sufficient scattering providing Thomson time same Yhya the Haj at A. and higher or beampipe GHz for better 100 structure or EOMs. to pick-up attached up r.m.s. ultra-wideband the frequencies (5+1)fs for a signal for of for output mm synchronization concept 10 overall new to an future a down a XFEL presents For diameters at XFEL. contribution at pC This scale 1 fs necessary. 10 to the is down on mode stability timing Hamburg operation DESY, a with charge ensure collaboration to ultra-low In implemented, used signals. was is RF system XFEL electronic synchronization than and time-resolved all-optical rather FLASH the signals in at optical pulsed system future used on enable synchronization be and based all-optical facilities is to new existing which a at a pulses conditions to FELs, experimental these components seeded the improve of of To necessary only. development generation all fs 1 The lock of range simultaneously the better. can in precision that or in techniques femtoseconds resolutions synchronization few time require a and experiments durations only pulse of require order lasers free-electron the X-ray of applications advanced Numerous Penirschke be A. can FLASH and and XFEL intensities at Systems XUV Synchronization high demand XFEL. not European does diagnos- than the implemented, as photon better such easily of versatile facilities systems is rate for laser method repetition avenues external high The at new and employed achieved. FEL up the be opens between can and timing fs technique, science 20 proposed photon the of Using area THz concepts. and unexplored tic XUV new between conversion a experimentally The arrival-time based is technique. single-shot is is spectral-encoding bands The technique electro-optic FEL convertor. XUV-THz the The by an a Italy. from done by received is FERMI, pulses measurement beamline, generated THz EIS-TIMEX of pulses measurement the single-shot at XUV a done on femtosecond were for experiments The technique demonstrated. detection (FHI) arrival-time Kampfrath T. new (FUB) Kampfrath (Tech- T. A Gensch (DLR) M. S.C.p.A.) Gensch Trieste M. (Elettra-Sincrotrone Principi Berlin) Universität E. Mincigrucci, nische R. Kurdi, G. Foglia, L. (EuXFEL) sev Ilyakov of I.E. is and sources. super- bunches light different electron generation from driving 4th at the emitted diagnostics of pulses ultra-fast properties the the the for of into interest phase general insides and provides furthermore amplitude sources the THz of radiant Correlation timing. femtosecond sub oets xeiet aeas endn n hw htteLR ytmwrswl n et h design the meets and well works system LLRF the that system, shows LLRF and the done array) of been performance gate requirements. cav- also and programmable fabrication have superconducting (field the experiments the FPGA on test inside focuses on some mainly voltage based article accelerating system This the developed. control was of radio-frequency) technology phase (low-level 6 achieve the LLRF to and digital facility used a amplitude radiation is ity, THz the cavity superconducting power regulate RF average to GHz high order 1.3 a In A developed technology. has FEL the Physics) on Engineering based of Academy China (the CAEP our also Lao C.L. present piezo will of We performance the scheme. possible. evaluating Correlation Cross as oscillator, Optical low new Balanced the as selected the of oscillators and capability two actuators, layout, synchronization the synchronization the the between improving present jitter in will temporal efforts We the bandwidth. keep will and amplifiers wavelength to two of the designed In therefore terms oscillator, tunability. Ti:Sa in wavelength second the tunable a a of installing independently share are expense be we amplifiers the flexibility at two to maximum but the the other jitter, now have timing the to Right the the order by of minimize diagnostics. required to pulses Sampling as allows Optical pulse the This Electro seed oscillator. transport for second common lines, can a or FEL provide scheme we the can seeding each while of we OPAs, EEHG also one line, novel two experiments, to FEL pump-probe with allocated for running operates is hall the Laser amplifier experimental Seed seeds Each the the always amplifier. FEL2, regenerative amplifier and dedicated one its FEL1 therefore by both pumped for is seeding them optimal of the ensure to order In S.C.p.A.) Trieste Sincrotrone Sigalotti P. , P. i(APIE ..Fn (PKU) Feng L.W. (CAEP/IAE) Li .Cnugaa ..Dnio,AA eioih .Kri .Nklv .Vrns (Elettra- Veronese M. Nikolov, I. Kurdi, G. Demidovich, A.A. Danailov, M.B. Cinquegrana, P. , .C enr,S oae HD)N gra,R aly .L uae,J i,A cez ..Yaroslavt- A.A. Scherz, A. Liu, J. Guyader, Le L. Carley, R. Agarwal, N. (HZDR) Kovalev S. Deinert, J.-C. , AilUniversity) (Ariel TM .Akran(EF UDrsat ..Cwlna .Shab(DESY) Schlarb H. Czwalinna, M.K. Darmstadt) TU (TEMF, Ackermann W. (THM) ∼ e nrygrowth. energy MeV 8 65

28 Aug – Wed . Li, J. Wang, X. Yang (CAEP/IAE) acc P. 1 hour is maintained even in continuous 1.5 g vibrations. Using a compactly pack- > Kwon (KAIST) D. Li, X. Luo, L.J. Shan, K. Zhou (CAEP/IAE) and Bmax/E P. acc Li (CAEP/IAE) Li (CAEP/IAE) A. Arnold, S. Ma, J. Teichert, R. Xiang (HZDR) Li, D.X. Xiao (CAEP/IAE) P. P. P. , (SINAP) H.X. Deng (SARI-CAS) R. Wang (SSRF) , , , R. Zhao (SINAP) M. Gu, R. Wang (SSRF) D. Wang (SARI-CAS) , C.L. Lao, , X. Jin, C.L. Lao, M. Li, , I.J. Jeon, D. Kim, aged fiber delay as the timing reference,down we to could -100 stabilize the dBc/Hz repetition-rate and phase -160 noise dBc/Hz of at mode-locked 1 lasers Hz and 10 kHz offset frequency, respectively, at 1 GHz carrier, which Optical timing and synchronization is becoming aelectron science. more important As and a result, essential compact, element ultralow-noise, forcrowave mechanically ultrafast signal robust X-ray and generators and long-term are stable highly optical and desirableof mi- for mode-locked future fiber XFELs laser and and UEDs. fiberoptical Here delay-based and we stabilization microwave show method signals. that enables the the We combination stable generation show laser of that operation ultralow-noise all-PM over fiber lasers can provide excellent mechanical robustness: S. Chen The Shanghai Soft X-Ray FELone test more facility undulator will lineundulator be will lines, upgraded be a to installed beam be switching besideslines. a section the In user with this original fast facility. work, one. kickers the Energy design will work will be For and added be simultaneously recent between progress increased operation will the and be of linac described. and theS. Chen the two undulator For the SHINE project, theat CW least electron three beam undulator generatedkickers lines by between simultaneously. a the superconducting linac For linear and thisdescribed. undulator accelerator purpose, lines. should there feed In should this be work, the a physics beam design switchyard of with this beam fast J. switchyard Kim will be GA (Genetic Algorithm) is one of thehas most excellent been methods to applied search the to optimalThere solution solve for are a various many problem, problems. which methods haveand It accurate been is method developed hard to to to conclude solveof the estimate python the shim shim and problem. using based applied multi-objective on on In GA.optimization package The this also raw pyevolve. can code proceeding, undulator be was A we implemented. precisely. written multi-objective The proposedTo with evaluation evolution demonstrate a the function time the fast is language was method, reduced set, we by and setting alsoshimming optimal multi-objective twice finished evolution that some parameters. all test the on parametersthe a requirements. of short trajectory U38. center offset, As peak-to-peak a error result, and it phase can error be satisfied achieved only by A new superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) electron gungeometry is of developed at the HZDR 3.5-cell ELBE SRF source.beam To gun optimize qualities cavity, the the with distributions different of geometricresults the show models electromagnetic by are fields increasing the investigated and length the and ofhigher output compared the electric electron in half field cell this in and paper. the decreasehigher first the The Emax/E length half of simulation cell the and first better Tesla cell, output we beam can parameters, obtain which, however, will also lead to a L.G. Yan J. Wang A kicker system was used for intra-bunch-trainto feedback generate to induce a trajectory train variations in ofnanosecond. the square train. For pulses It is the with difficult bandwidth flatfitting of top method the of to signal generate several arbitrary generation 10s kicks and picosecond to RF and each amplifer bunch with not is bunch to limited. spacing disturb neighbouring in InT.H. bunches. He several this paper, parameter The THz Free Electron Laser facilityhigh (CAEP quality THz electron FEL, beams CTFEL) to of generate thein China high front Academy average of of power terahertz Engineering the radiations. Physics superconducting uses The A linear RF 1.3 accelerator GHz buncher of RF is the buncher driven CTFEL islevel by used facility a RF to solid (LLRF) improve state control the powerin electron system amplifier beams (SSPA), the to and quality. buncher ensure the cavity. the SSPA ispaper high The mainly feedback stability SSPA introduces controlled the operates of by principle a at the and low buncher 1.3 amplitude composition driven GHz of and by the the and phase SSPA, SSPA. outputs and of presents 0 the some to bunching experiments 5 on field the kW RF ofL.B. continuous Li wave power. This Synchronization between mode-locked femtosecond laserof and Engineering a Physics Terahertz terahertz Free Electron laser Lasertiming is system (CTFEL) needed which to is for do based some China on pump-probe optical Academy nization. experiments. cross-correlator will An Also, be optical it designed for will the beTi: CTFEL expected to Sapphire provide to femtosecond this provide laser. synchro- the The(MLO), sub-100 Ti: which fs Sapphire will timing femtosecond provide jitter the laser precise between will timing THz-FEL be information used and to for a the the entire mode-locked facility master for laserK. synchronization. oscillator Zhou Design of the Beam Switching Section for Shanghai Soft X-Ray Free Electron Laser User Facility Design of the Beam Switchyard for Shine |—| a Hard X-Ray FEL Facility All-Fiber Photonic, Ultralow-Noise, Robust Optical and Microwave Signal Generators for FELs and UED A Fast and Accurate Method to Shim Undulator Using Multi-Objective GA Kicker Pulse Generation Using Parameter Fitting Method for Continuous Bunch Trains 1.3 GHz Solid State Power Amplifier for the Buncher in CTFEL Facility The Design of Optical Synchronization Between THz Laser and Mode-Locked Ti: Sapphire Laser Geometry Optimization of a 3.5-Cell SRF Gun Cavity at ELBE Based on Beam Dynamics 66 WEP029 WEP030 WEP028 WEP027 WEP024 WEP025 WEP026 WEP023

28 Aug – Wed WEP037 WEP036 WEP035 WEP034 WEP033 WEP032 WEP031 igotc o h X tMXIV MAX at SXL the for Diagnostics Foil Slotted Narrow a Using by Pulse Laser Electron Free X-Ray of Diagnostics Temporal KAERI at System Diffraction Electron Ultrafast of Operation Drift-Free for Activities Synchronization Timing FJtesadEeto emSaiiisi h wsFLLinac SwissFEL the in Stabilities Beam Electron and Jitters RF Prototype the on Test High-Power and Measurements Bead-Pull Project: PolariX-TDS The XFEL European at Microbunching of Studies Non-Destructive Bunch-Resolved, for Spectrometer NIR Radiation FEL of Analysis Spectral for Algorithm An igotc o h X tMXIV. MAX at SXL the for Diagnostics facilities. This user XFEL measured. 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Pohang of directly at tens duration few be pulse from to ray is difficult (FEL) laser is electron which free scale, from X-ray of duration pulse The Nam I.H. increased and procedure correction This drift hour. less an with over drift operate fs optical 20 to Also availability. below system user maintained feedback diffraction fs. is active electron correlator, 100 by ultrafast optical below fs allows by maintained 50 work measured is to amplifier, regenerative synchronization ps the 2 RF-to-optical to from from due stabilized drift actively additive is Further transfer, fluctuation, coax- RF temperature through loop. from transfer to RF timing contribution exposed of As drift which drift timing Timing cable, beam. measured. each ial electron is sub-element, amplification an every optical of and from drift synchronization, originates the RF-to-optical beam suppress this electron to In the activities resolution. of synchronization femtosecond drift few timing with introduce beam will pump drift we optical timing work, the an enabled and have electrons deflectors ultrafast electron femtosec- between THz-based for measurement of requirement studies essential Recent is analysis. facility structure diffraction resolution electron ond ultrafast an of synchronization timing Precise Shin will J. generator low-noise signal electronics, photonic sources. DDS-based of light With class accelerator-based various new kHz]. in This 100 oscillators master realized. - for also Hz suitable was [1 be synthesizer jitter frequency timing microwave absolute agile rms and fs 1.4 only to corresponds oue prto mohy E prto eurssrnetrqieet o h emsaiiya h linac the at stability beam transiting the and for commissioned requirements is stringent Switzerland requires in operation Institut FEL Scherrer smoothly. Paul operation the user at to SwissFEL machine FEL X-ray The bead-pull the of results Craievich with P. the experience project, streaking the first of the status where the CERN FLASHForward paper test. at in this power performed in installed high was summarize and be We measurements test will high-power and accomplished. The be DESY structure. will at the beam is of along polarization TDS the rotation the that any now verify have also and not to does the PSI fabri- of at fields was Linac performed dipole C-band TDS, also the the were (PolariX) measurements for X-band developed RF Polarizable process Bead-pull the production project. tuning-free TDS, SwissFEL high-precision X-band of the novel polarization following the variable PSI providing of at of cated prototype modular feature The advanced new an force. the build with deflecting and system the develop to (TDS) established structure been deflection (Cockcroft has transverse CERN Millar X-band Mc- W.L. and G. PSI (CERN) DESY, Grudiev, Romano between A. Pozo collaboration Lasheras, A del Catalán V. N. Wuensch, W. (DESY) Vogt Szypula, K.T. M. Institute) Tews, Pitman, G. S. Schlarb, Millar, W.L. H. Marchetti, Reukauff, Monagle, B. Libov, V. Lederer, M. S. Osterhoff, Krebs, O. J. Jonas, Marx, R. D. Hüning, M. Foese, M. Dorda, R.T.P. U. D’Arcy, Christie, F. mann, CraievichP. heater laser NIR the the of first of energy. variance the pulse bunch-to-bunch impact present FEL and the We as amplitude of well on MHz. terms as measurements 2.7 in spectra made settings, to and compression is up spectrometer, bunch measurements of various NIR resolved rate for the system bunch out read of for a commissioning needed providing rate from system, repetition findings detector MHz line KALYPSO The electron GeV. the in at by 17.5 generated sensitive possible (DR) sensor, to radiation InGaAs up diffraction an of utilizes with electron spectrometer energies spectrometer the The beam NIR along installed. was variation prism-based toler- nm density a tight 900-1700 charge range, very range micron the i.e. within the micro-bunching, produced in of reliably features presence be for with the must generated bunch investigate bunches are to electron pulses order achieved radiation In be FEL ances. to femtosecond this brilliance For high Laser experiments. Electron user Free X-ray European the At its and Fahlström algorithm S. detection peak a present we work, FEL. properties this seeded the In of about spectra itself. information the process new characterizing FEL gain in the capabilities can on we and radiation, bunch electron electron the FEL of of content spectral the analyzing By Pop M.A. .Km(AS)IH ak ..Jog ..Km .On,S ak(KAERI) Park S. Oang, K. Kim, H.W. Jeong, Y.U. Baek, I.H. (KAIST) Kim J. , ..Co .S ag .Km .Km .K i,DH a ..Si,H ag(PAL) Yang H. Shim, C.H. Na, D.H. Min, C.-K. Kim, G. Kim, C. Kang, H.-S. Cho, M.H. , MXI aoaoy udUiest)E lai EetaSnrtoeTiseS.C.p.A.) Trieste (Elettra-Sincrotrone Allaria E. University) Lund Laboratory, IV (MAX .Bp,H-.Ban .Gne,M le,F aclii .Pdoz,E rt .Rih PI ..Aß- R.W. (PSI) Reiche S. Prat, E. Pedrozzi, M. Marcellini, F. Kleeb, M. Ganter, R. Braun, H.-H. Bopp, M. , MXI aoaoy udUniversity) Lund Laboratory, IV (MAX ..Gn,R enr (PSI) Zennaro R. Geng, Z.G. , .Hmeg(psl nvriy .Grh ..Lcmn,B tfe (DESY) Steffen B. Lockmann, N.M. Gerth, C. University) (Uppsala Hamberg M. , 67

28 Aug – Wed Lee (NSRRC) A.P. Ding, T.O. Raubenheimer (SLAC) Y. (AAI/ANL) D.W. Rule (Private Address) , D.R. Edstrom, J. Ruan, R.M. Thurman-Keup (Fermilab) 10-micron spatial and 2-ps temporal. At 500 pC/b, 50 b, and 4 mrad off-axis steering, we observed , S. Dordevic, R. Ganter, C.H. Gough, N. Hiller, R.A. Krempaská, D. Voulot (PSI) , M.C. Chou, J.-Y. Hwang, W.K. Lau, ∼ , C. Adolphsen, 100-micron head-tail centroid shift in the streak camera image. This centroid shift is consistent with a ∼ The free-electron laserrepetition-rate electron facilities beam, driven whichthis makes by paper, we it study a feasible a method to superconducting oftuning feed controlling of the radio-frequency multiple the beam energy SRF undulator (SRF) of linac. lines multipleenergy The electron at linac is bunches required by the full about off-frequency provide range the same de- of electron time. high- be the beam optimized frequency repetition In to detune rate. make for full independent Theexample use control initial to of of phases present each the the of beam SRF detailed the linac analysis detuned energy for capability. this acceleration method. We sections adopt can the LCLS-II-HE configuration as an calculated short-range wakefield effect. Additional results for kick-angle compensation will be presented. Z. Zhang an A tera-hertz free electronCenter laser (NSRRC) (THz in FEL) Hsinchu source City,of Taiwan. has stripline The been beam accurate built electron position insimulation beam monitors National software path has Synchrotron (BPM) has been Radiation not has used Research been beenimpedance to measured with match designed connected yet. the electronics. and even Two A sets are mode set willThe impedance under be stripline of installed construction. BPM the inside will two stripline be quadrupole structure SUPERFISHtion. magnets measured to to They 2D with fifty save will time-domain Ohms space. be reflectometry installed (TDR) andto tested to optimize with confirm the beam. the beam Measured path design beam and and position measure results simula- the will actual be beam presented. energy. It will help A.H. Lumpkin Co-propagating a relativistic electron beamtor) and provides a an high-power energy laser modulation pulsemicrobunching) which through via can a the be short R56 converted undulator term tothe (modula- a of harmonics periodic a of longitudinal chicane. density a Such modulationgain. subsequent pre-bunching (or free-electron of We laser a describe beam (FEL) potentialoptical at amplifier transition characterizations the seeds radiation resonant of (COTR) the wavelength imaging the process techniques and trajectory resulting for and angle transverse microbunched results (0.1 size electron (50 in mrad), beams micron), spectrum improved divergenceprovided using (few (sub-mrad), with nm), coherent near-field and imaging pulse and lengthinterferometry the (sub-ps). (COTRI). angular Analytical The model alignment transverse results is for spatial done aing alignment 266-nm with is fraction wavelength far-field COTRI will imaging case be with and a presented.enables two-foil 10% splitting COTR microbunch- the COTR optical gains signal of for single-shot 7 measurements million of all were the calculated cited for parameters. A.H. an Lumpkin initial charge ofThe 300 accelerators for pC high power which X-ray free-electronLCLS-II laser (FEL) X-ray facilities FEL such are as employing the TESLA-type Europeansult XFEL SCRF in and cavities. planned both Beam short-range propagation and offmicropulses long-range axis and in transverse these wakefields macropulses, cavities which respectively. can canhas re- The lead a Fermilab to unique Accelerator emittance configuration Science dilution of and withinCC2) a in the Technology photocathode series (FAST) RF prior facility gun to beam thebetween injecting cryomodule. two these To investigate TESLA-type two short-range single cavities wakefield cavities effects, tocamera we (CC1 steer used viewing and a the a vertical beam downstream corrector off OTRlutions axis screen of at provided an an image angle of into CC2. y-t effects A within Hamamatsu the synchroscan micropulses streak with reso- output, such as the electron bunchstable arrival RF time, system peak current is and requiredthe average to energy. state-of-the-art Among guarantee technologies other the things, that beam aphase stabilities. have highly jitters are allowed The analyzed achieving and SwissFEL compared excellent RF witha RF system the model RF is stabilities. measurements is designed performed developed at based The SwissFEL insummarizes on linac. RF the order Furthermore, results amplitude to obtained and compare for the the RF estimated and and electron beam measured stabilities. electron beamM. stabilities. Paraliev This paper H.P.Hsueh SwissFEL is a linearSwitzerland. electron It accelerator is based, a user fourthspectral oriented generation range facility light capable from source of 1 producing atsimultaneously to short, two the high 50 experimental Paul brightness Å. beam Scherrer X-ray SwissFELclosely line pulses Institute, covering is spaced stations the designed (hard (28 and to ns)resonant soft electron run kicker X-ray system bunches in and one) a are two at Lambertson accelerated septum electrontheir its magnet respective in bunches are beam full used lines. one mode repetition to With RF separate the rate. in the advancement macroseparation of bunches order the system and Two pulse construction was to to of successfully send up the commissioned. serve them second to to In beamtransparent order line 3 a to (Athos) the confirm stability GeV. beam that study A the of high beam the separation electrondone stability process beam is and fully the free electron laser in the main beam line (Aramis) was Multi-Energy Operation Analysis in an SRF Linac Based on off-Frequency Detune Method Feasibility of Single-Shot Microbunching Diagnostics for a Pre-Bunched Beam at 266 nm Observations of Short-Range Wakefield Effects in TESLA-Type SCRF Cavities Commissioning and Stability Studies of SwissFEL Bunches Separation System Stripline BPM Simulation, Design, Manufacturing, and Testing in THz FEL Facility in NSRRC 68 WEP043 WEP041 WEP042 WEP038 WEP039

28 Aug – Wed WEP049 WEP048 WEP047 WEP046 WEP045 WEP044 paeo h htctoeLftm tFAHadErpa XFEL European and FLASH at Lifetime Photocathode the on Update Laser Photocathode XFEL European The Phase Operation User First and Commissioning after XFEL European the for Klystrons the of Status Nanospirals Au of Array Emitter an From Photoemitted Electrons of Dichroism Circular FPwrWvgieDsrbto o h FGno h uoenXE tDESY at XFEL European the of Gun RF the for Distribution Waveguide Power RF Systems Laser Photoinjector FLASH ahd 7. a prtdfrarcr ieieo 43dy n a elcdDcme 08b cathode by up days 2018 1250 December than more replaced for was 2015, FLASH December and At since days operation years. in 1413 is last now. of #680.1 the to cathode lifetime over the XFEL record European on used the a update photocathodes At an for the #105.2. give operated of we was current paper dark #73.3 this In and cathode (QE) used. efficiency successfully driven are quantum laser photocathodes by lifetime, Cs2Te operated are facilities Germany) both (Hamburg, DESY In at XFEL RF-guns. European the and FLASH of photoinjectors The Lederer S. Yb:fiber oscillator, fiber with synchronized operated and has (mode-locked Eu- laser architecture the the robust blocks), its at gain to gun Nd:YVO4 Due 600 photocathode and in amplifiers RF MHz). pulses the 4.5 output from to UV kHz electrons deep (564 generate provides to laser The used XFEL. laser ropean Nd:YVO4 Yb:fiber, the present We Choudhuri A. WG in the machine. in is of and klystrons part that the RF (KLM) in power arcs summary high system RF a the and give protection for HV will statistics fast of we operation number article a and the this system using including In status are system. operation interlock klystrons we common present klystrons the the hours to of the 18,000 addition about of in have 2018 lifetime already since linac operation the main routine increase XFEL the To in stations klystrons The compressor RF the operation. bunch Two and XFEL rate. of hours the couplers. repetition of 20,000 Hz stations input to RF 10 up operation, cavities and operated of length have hours the area pulse 30,000 and about RF HV achieved ms already klystron 1.5 a have MW, injector the 10 of the and to of between consists modulators and up power (WG) the (MBK), stations RF connect klystron system RF produce that multi-beam can distribution the horizontal cables klystrons waveguide the HV of tunnel, kV filled Each underground 10 air the long in operation. an m located 1600 in transformers to are pulse up HV XFEL campus, the European DESY the the on for located stations modulator RF 26 present At (DESY) Yildirim B. (Fogel), Vogel V. Morozov, P. Bousonville M. Ye H. u,a13Gzcymdl,a39Gzcymdl n netniedansi eto.TeR u operates 650 to gun RF up RF GHz and The rate 1.3 repetition a section. Hz of diagnostic 10 MW, consists extensive 6.5 injector an to The up and power cryomodule injector. peak GHz RF long 3.9 maximum m a a 43 with cryomodule, the GHz provides 1.3 XFEL a European gun, the of section first The Sofia) double Yildirim specific B. provide to beamline same the on and systems compression, experiments. laser bunch of charge, the type bunch operate certain electron to for of possible pulses terms are also in and is experiment It shapes user transverse pattern. given and the bunch the durations to for Hz pulse it best The 10 different kicks serve Hz. have and of to 10 They train of chosen rate rate bunch systems. repetition repetition electron full laser MHz the a three with 1 operates at simultaneously the operated photoinjector length are of L-band beamlines part in two The one that ms such picks beamline 0.8 system (FLASHForward). second kicker-septum to experiments fast up acceleration A of plasma mode). fields (burst for accelerating third simul- allows beamlines a technology undulator and two superconducting operation operates Germany) FEL (Hamburg, for DESY at taneously FLASH facility laser free-electron The Schreiber S. fs. 45 than less to bunches electron the of jigger timing the to compensation drift stabilization and beam synchronization active bunch, the along charge electron imple- with flatten were controls to laser algorithm state-of-art feed-forward Several including efficiency. mented, SASE SASE efficiencies increase three to with its instabilities UV microbunching in deep reduce lasing to to multi-mJ converted simultaneous is output and (10 One 2018, outputs (FWHM). July parallel two in offers GeV laser 17.5 The of beamlines. energies reported XFEL the laser, polarization. LHC electrons to compared emitted spread, more energy in transverse results less nanospirals, indicating left-handed images, of velocity-map polariza- center of RHC the center The the in observed. in field been electron electric has the LHC the of to focuses RHC difference which from 4% images tion, Approximately velocity-map subtracted pulses. of (RHC) center laser The right-handed the 45-fs in both of counts spectrometer. under polarizations recorded (VMI) circular were velocity-map-imaging (LHC) electrons a left-handed photoemitted and using the nanospirals of Au distributions photoe- left-handed velocity enhanced transverse plasmonically of chiral array investigated an have we from photoe- study, upon mission this modulation In of bunch acceleration. electron trajectory near-field for the and possibilities field affect mission new due the SPPs up nanospirals, photoinduced opening to Archimedean thereby nanostructures, lead planar electrons, chiral photoemitted For material by the dielectric surface. outcoupling the a and near incoupling and enhanced plasmonic metal being to a surface between the interface to normal the component at (SPPs) polaritons plasmon Surface ± < DushsEetoe ycrto DS)adCne o reEeto cec (CFEL)) Science Electron Free for Center and (DESY) Synchrotron Elektronen (Deutsches 10 .Shebr(EY .Mnc,D etr (INFN/LASA) Sertore D. Monaco, L. (DESY) Schreiber S. , µ .Cooa ..Ktlv .Mrzv .Nctgl(EY ..Aotlv(ehia nvriyof University (Technical Apostolov E.M. (DESY) Nachtigal Y. Morozov, P. Katalev, V.V. Choroba, S. , .Gü,K ls,J öshShlnug .Sefn(DESY) Steffen B. Rönsch-Schulenburg, J. Klose, K. Grün, C. , itra h htctoe tt ahnsfrhnsofedue prto,adtmoa pulse temporal and operation, end-user hands-off for machines state photocathode, the at jitter m .Hrl .L,C or ..Mle,S fifr .Wnemn (DESY) Winkelmann L. Pfeiffer, S. Müller, J.M. Mohr, C. Li, C. Hartl, I. , .Ceeek,S hrb,H-.Eklt .Gesül .Hrug ..Ktlv .Machau, K. Katalev, V.V. Hartung, J. Grevsmühl, T. Eckoldt, H.-J. Choroba, S. Cherepenko, A. , 64 m ihsnl us nrisof energies pulse single with nm) > µ usswt aibeitra eeiinrate repetition internal variable with bursts s 5,adtescn sue salsrheater laser a as used is second the and 25%, > 9 piesneJnay21.Uigthis Using 2017. January since uptime 99% µ us egh h starting The length. pulse s > 10 0 µ n 1p width ps 11 and J 69

28 Aug – Wed GeV, which -14 , P. Boonpornprasert, Y. Chen, G.Z. Georgiev, J.D. Good, M. Groß, Huang, P.W. I.I. Isaev, C. Kos- (DESY Zeuthen) G. Guerini Rocco, C. Pagani (Università degli Studi di Milano & INFN) P.Michelato, , Y. Chen, J.D. Good, M. Groß, Huang, P.W. I.I. Isaev, M. Krasilnikov, S. Lal, X. Li, O. Lishilin, G. Loisch, , S. Lal, H.J. Qian, G. Shu, F.Stephan (DESY Zeuthen) (DESY Zeuthen) point in the 1.5 cellelectron normal bunches, conducting which L-Band are cavity injected into ofRF the the power superconducting RF accelerating is gun section is of generatedwaveguide the a by European Cs2Te distribution a photocathode, XFEL. system. The which 10 produces In MWis order minimized multi to in beam enhance every klystron the section ofits reliability and the maximum of distributed system just the by to in distribution splitting the front the system,decreases power of RF the the in the break peak gun different down RF power branches. through level gun Thedistribution a in after RF system the RF power for combination waveguides reaches the power of XFEL of all RF the gun branches. distribution. at DESY An We and additional present report the air on first layout pressureC. operation of system Koschitzki experience. the waveguide R. Niemczyk, H.J. Qian, H. Shaker, F.Stephan,T. Lang, G. L. Vashchenko Winkelmann (DESY (DESY) Zeuthen) E.The Khazanov, S. beam Mironov (IAP/RAS) emittance atin FEL the facilities electron like injector. European Shapinga XFEL of photo and the injector, laser FLASH was pulses is shown thatprocess. dominated in are by theory At employed to the the to release photo emittance allow electrons injectortemporal improved sources from beam test and the emittance facility spatial cathode at starting profile of DESY from ofexperimentally. in the laser The Zeuthen electron pulses presentation (PITZ) emission is will a show being laserlaser its set pulses system current from up capable capabilities a of to pulse to controlling demonstrate shaper provideserving the operating the temporally conversion at predicted and into infrared spatially emittance (IR) fourth shaped wavelengths. reduction presented. harmonic Furthermore, results ultra-violet from (UV), a shape as pre- needed for the photo emissionM. process, Krasilnikov will be chitzki, S. Lal, X. Li,F.Stephan, O. G. Lishilin, Vashchenko (DESY G. Zeuthen) Loisch, M. D.A Dohlus Melkumyan, continuous (DESY) wave R. (CW) Niemczyk, mode A. operationtions Oppelt, of for the H.J. a European Qian, future X-ray upgrade. H. Free-Electron Laser Therefore, Shaker,development a G. (XFEL) at superconducting is Shu, DESY radio under in frequency considera- Hamburg. (SCRF) CW Beam dynamicsbunch gun simulations is charge for under and this experimental setup a have maximum beenparameters done electric using assuming field a 100 normal at pC conducting theDESY RF photocathode in photogun of Zeuthen have 40 (PITZ). been The MV/m. performed beamparameters at transverse Experimental emittance in the studies was Photo order minimized for Injector to by these Test optimizing demonstrate facilityfor the the at successful main feasibility CW photo operation of injector of generating the electron European XFEL beams for with conditions a similar beam to the qualityX. SCRF required Li gun setup. In this paper we reportphotocathode our RF modeling gun and at simulation theemission on Photo curve, the Injector which space shows Test facility the charge dependence atdoesn’t dominated agree of DESY very emission the in well extracted in Zeuthen with bunch the Astra charge (PITZ). L-band studies out simulations It of when with has the the a been gun emission core-halo found on is model that theexperimental near laser the saturation and data energy, or an and fully simulation, improved saturated. emission butis Previous model discrepancies a still have 2D exist. resulted model in and The3D better can space FFT agreement only space charge between fit charge model axially solver forinhomogeneity including symmetric emission in mirror beam, in the charge which laser Astra effects beam. is has In notbe been this reported. the developed paper, comparisons case to with for better experimental model our data the and laser Astra transverse beam. simulations will Therefore, a S.K. Mohanty L. Monaco, D. Sertore (INFN/LASA) Owing to their excellent propertiesfast including response, alkali high antimonides quantum photocathodes efficiency haselectron (QE), been source low considered of emittance, as energy one good recovery of lifetimevacuum linacs the and condition (ERL) eminent requires and candidates specific free for R&D the electron beforeto lasers they develop (FEL). can specifically Nevertheless, operate K-Cs-Sb their in based sensitivity aa multialkali to RF stable photocathodes Gun. and at reproducible INFN For alkali LASA. this antimonidePITZ The reason, films at primary we on DESY have Zeuthen. goal INFN started is In plugs this to and report,and test develop we the present them and status in discuss of the about the photoinjector the new results test so preparation facility far system obtained specifically on designed KCsSb material for these sensitiveH. materials. Shaker The European XFEL is operatingprospect for up the continuous to wave 17.5 and long GeV pulsemore mode flexible electron (CW/LP) bunch operation energy pattern of with puts more pressure on the injectorbeam beam dynamics quality for of lasing an at injector thefrom based shortest 20 on wavelength. to a This 300pC normal-conductiong paper are VHF presented. optimizes gun. the The results of various bunch charges Temporal-Spatial Laser Pulse Shaping for Photo Cathode Lasers Pitz Experimental Optimization for the Aimed Cathode Gradient of a Superconducting CW RF Gun Simulations on Space Charge Dominated Emission at PITZ Development of a Multialkali Antimonide Photocathode at INFN LASA Beam Dynamics Optimization of a Normal-Conducting Gun Based CW Injector for the European XFEL WEP050 WEP051 WEP052 WEP053 WEP054 70

28 Aug – Wed WEP061 WEP060 WEP059 WEP058 WEP057 WEP056 WEP055 td naChrn lcrnSuc xrce rmaCl tmTrap Atom Cold a From Extracted Source Electron Coherent a on Study Trap Atom Cold a From Extracted Source Electron Coherent a Characterizing Photocathode Cs2Te Using Injector DC-SRF Low-Emittance of Optimization Performance Injector Photocathode DC-SRF Low-Emittance of Design Engineering XFEL European for Gun VHF CW a of Analysis Multiphysics igoeteQaiyo oeetEeto oreEtatdFo odAo rpWt Kapitza-Dirac With Trap Atom Cold a From Extracted Source Electron Coherent a of Quality the Diagnose Laser Electron Free X-ray Soft Shanghai for Techniques Shaping Temporal Laser Drive uc yais piiaindtisadtechrn lcrnsuc hrceitc r rsne nthis in presented are electron characteristics the simulate source to electron adopted coherence, coherent is brightness, the code (PIC) the and of particle-in-cell paper. as details a quality well Optimization these, The as study To application dynamics. pulse. research. scientific bunch FEL scientific the the are frontier on of pulses width impacts for electron line direct MOT and Such have the (MOT). will of trap a source outside magneto-optical electron interact electron manipulated a the coherent to in The further is atoms regime. and approach Rydberg FEL accelerated one quantum the then the system, ionizing in by compact operating produced a laser is power within source high (FEL) a laser with electron bunch electron free coherent coherent fully a generate To Xu Y.X. the of characteristics the and paper. optimization this the in of Details reported electron are obtained. coherent source is a electron K optimization, coherent 10 laser. parameter structure, than electron Through lower MOT. electrode temperature free the extraction a as the the with well of source optimizing as carefully width system by line focusing obtained and and is acceleration coherence, source the brightness, electron the coherent ultra-cold the of The qualities quality on The high regime. effects in- (MOT). A FEL direct trap to magneto-optical quantum have is a the approach will in in atoms one source Rydberg operating system, electron the laser compact ionizing power by a obtained high within is a source (FEL) with electron laser bunch electron electron free coherent coherent a fully teract a generate to order In Luo H. rela- the emittance. show beam to electron presented and also structure are temporal results laser Experiment the auto-correlation between developed. online for tion time, are techniques rising system and shaping diagnostic length temporal correlation pulse the cross as such present and structure, then temporal shaping and laser temporal the structure, various measuring of temporal For overview laser SXFEL. an drive gives the paper shaping This can for brightness. which and methods photocathode, emittance beam driven electron laser the on on based ence is (SXFEL) laser electron emittance free provide X-ray soft Shanghai of design The (SARI-CAS) pC. 100 of charge bunch the at achieved be simulation can latest mm-mrad our 0.5 present under we emittance paper, an this that In show used optimization. widely which performance more results, is detailed which a Cs2Te, to out cathode carried of the and design changed nowadays, earlier we the Recently in chosen. University, was Peking photocathode at K2CsSb construction which under is (DC-SRF-II) injector DC-SRF low-emittance A Zhao S. engineering of details the on 1 focus of will rate we is especially, repetition fabrication and and the work, pC and recent design. May 100 our this present of accomplished will charge paper was bunch This photoinjector the now. DC-SRF-II ongoing at the mm-mrad of 0.5 design below engineering The emittance University. an MHz. Peking achieve at to development is under goal is The injector photocathode (DC-SRF-II) MV/ DC-SRF second-generation 28 The to analysis power multiphysics RF presented. the are Liu and Y.Q. gun paper, gradient CW this NC cathode In MHz 217 the brightness. the increased of beam properties gun the mechanical the MHz improve and of thermal RF, further 217 experience the to the DESY investigating respectively, on the kW, Based 100 option. gun, backup under and MHz a is m as 187 gun (PITZ) a Zeuthen CW in design superconducting on DESY physics fully under at LBNL is facility a commissioning gun Test CW upgrade, Injector successful (NC) Photo source conducting the the normal electron after a at and CW started Hamburg, the in XFEL DESY For at European development of experimental operation. operation mode mode pulse CW the future of possible a for R&D Shu G. rmwr n aclto r rsne nti ae.Eprmna cee ae nteetertclpre- theoretical these on based schemes Theoretical Experimental effect. reported. coher- Kapitza-Dirac paper. also the the this are quantify utilizing in dictions To approach presented FEL. an are the develop calculation of electron we and width the source, framework electron line of obtained and quality coherence, so The a the brightness, (MOT). interact of electron the trap ence coherent on to magneto-optical The impacts a is direct in regime. approach have atoms FEL one will Rydberg quantum source the the system, ionizing in compact by operating a obtained laser is power within source high (FEL) a laser with electron bunch electron free coherent coherent fully a generate To Zhou J.H. Effect Wang X.T. .Ce,S a,HJ in .Sae,F tpa DS Zeuthen) (DESY Stephan F. Shaker, H. Qian, H.J. Lal, S. Chen, Y. , .Go(SWUST) Guo J. , (SWUST) .Ce,W hn,S un,L i,KX i,SW un .Wn (PKU) Wang F. Quan, S.W. Liu, K.X. Lin, L. Huang, S. Cheng, W. Chen, M. , Pkn nvriy .Hag ..Lu ..Lu ..Oyn (PKU) Ouyang D.M. Liu, Y.Q. Liu, K.X. Huang, S. University) (Peking .Ln .Lu .Zag ..Zag(IA), (SINAP) Zhang W.Y. Zhang, M. Liu, B. Lan, T. , SuhetUiest fSineadTechnology) and Science of University (Southwest < . mma ih50p hre h eprlsaeo rv ae a infiatinflu- significant has laser drive of shape temporal The charge. pC 500 with mm·mrad 2.0 C.L. i(hnhiAvne eerhIsiue .Liu B. Institute) Research Advanced (Shanghai Li 71

28 Aug – Wed m at 100 pC can be achieved. Detailed RF µ (TUB) Y. Chen, M. Groß, I.I. Isaev, C. Koschitzki, M. Krasilnikov, S. Lal, X. Li, O. Lishilin, , M. Kotur, F.Lindau, E. Mansten, S. Thorin (MAX IV Laboratory, Lund University) (UNICAMP) THz) is not very high because of the large energy spread and the low bunching factor. We will report , J.H. Han, C.-K. Min (PAL) , Q.K. Jia, H.T. Li, Z. Zhao (USTC/NSRL) ∼ , H.Q. Feng, D. Filippetto, M.J. Johnson, A.R. Lambert, T.H. Luo, J. Qiang, F. Sannibale, J.W. Staples, S.P.Vi- D. Li rostek, R.P.Wells (LBNL) H.Q. Feng (TUB) Recent progress on the design of a normaliment conducting 2) CW at electron gun, LBNL APEX2 is (Advanced reported. Photo-injectorat Exper- APEX2 SLAC, is aiming an at upgrade providing of higherII beam the High brightness successful Energy and APEX upgrade, higher gun UED energy at and UEM. for LBNLboth For applications and cell APEX2, for the we profiles FELs LCLS-II have optimized such injector adopted as using aa LCLS- two-cell MOGA cavity 30+ techniques design MV/m developed at gradient at 162.5 MHz, at LBNL. with that the The with proposed cathode the APEX2 and APEX-like gun injector an layout, design outputdesigns a has energy and transverse of emittance beam 1.5 of dynamics 0.1 MeV studies orhas are been above. presented. successfully Beam demonstrated The in dynamics APEX2 the studies APEX engineeringRF show operation design power in retains couplers RF the and are vacuum. techniques placedand In that on addition vacuum to calculations the vacuum have equator ports, been two of conducted to each validate cell and while support keeping these design RF improvements. J.E. tuning Baader at end-walls. FEAMany analysis techniques for measuringbased magnetic upon fields moving wires are areThe available suitable flip for for coil accelerator characterizing moving wire field magnets.develop technique harmonics, a stands reliable, and In out fast first and general, due and precise toaxes. methods flip second simplicity, coil The speed, field system coil precision, capable integrals. was of and a characterizing single accuracy.The field turn approach We integrals loop aimed of in made the measuring to of two second insulated transverse and field beryllium included integrals copper in wire. by the changing The system. width the High-performance of coil’sof motorized width the stages the at loop performed was one coil, angular 5 of and while mm. transverse thesition, positioning manual ends and was stages analyzed change were coil’s used geometry.Gauss-centimeter to (G.cm) Initial demonstrated stretch that tests the the with system wire, achievesThis the execute repeatability work Earth’s of fine was field 0.2 carried adjustments G.cm and out for in also for a the 60-cm its with LCLS-II long transverse a project coil. at po- reference SLAC. magnet of 126 The beam quality from the photocathodebut pre-injector also at for the the MAX future IVquality, MAX linac in IV is combination SXL. of with Several importance development experiments forshow were of the a made suitable current measured during SPF, diagnostics. emittance the of last Inthe 0.7 gun years this mm test to paper facility mrad improve we at for the MAX report 100emittance beam IV. Finally on of pC. further below the improvements We 0.3 currently results, also mm planned and connect mrad. will be the reported results on, to with a recent target experiments in P.W. Huang D. Melkumyan, R. Niemczyk, A. Oppelt,S. Lederer H.J. (DESY) Qian, P.Michelato, H. L. Shaker, G. Monaco,Cesium D. Shu, telluride Sertore F. Stephan, is (INFN/LASA) G. a widely Vashchenko (DESY usedemittance Zeuthen) cathode but in photo also injectors, reliable and operation. itswith performance the Over is same the one recipe years of and the lots thicknessdence keys of were on for gained experiences not the at with only the cathode Cs2Te DESY photocathodes layerdifferent photo thickness produced thickness injectors, at were but the cathode not Photo Injector performance investigated.of Test depen- Facility these at In cathodes DESY this inside in the Zeuthen paper,operation (PITZ). high we conditions The gradient test of QE RF the fresh and gun XFEL thermal Cs2Te will will emittance cathodes be also with compared. be measured Besides, with the these injector cathodes. emittanceR. under Huang the Terahertz (THz) radiation has broadnications applications and in so biological on. sciences, materialsgenerated High-power, imaging frequency-adjustable in THz and a radiation radar photoinjector sources commu- andwhen are desired. entering bunched an at An undulator. terahertz electronfactor (THz) beam, The of radiation frequency, the will power electron mainly excite beam, depends a whichrf is on phase coherent limited width the THz by the particle radiation the macrobunch number space(FEL) occupied. and charge with Previously effect the the we among bunching have radiation the designed microbunches(below frequency a and 1 covering the pre-bunched 0.5-5 THz total THz. free electrona laser THz While FEL the by a radiation velocity intensityTHz bunching frequency for scheme, region. which the The could lower physical realize design more frequency highly of bunched the beam electron especially source is in described the low inJ.H. detail. Hong To improve the characteristics of electron beams,been a new developed s-band and photocathode fabricated RF at gun the withsymmetry Pohang a Accelerator inside coaxial Laboratory coupler a (PAL). has This cavity new cellcooling RF lines. by gun The improves applying the RF the field gun is coaxialthe installed coupler, recent in and results the the injector on test the cooling facilityWe RF performance present (ITF) conditioning and for by discuss process high improving the power and the RF measurement the tests. results beam of This the tests paper basic reports of beam the parameters. RF gunJ. Andersson with high power RF at ITF. Progress on Normal Conducting CW APEX2 Electron Gun Design Development and Commissioning of a Flip Coil System for Measuring Field Integrals Test of Cs2Te Thickness on Cathode Performance at PITZ The Preliminary Study of a Pre-Bunched Terahertz Free Electron Laser by a Velocity Bunching Scheme Performance of S-Band Photocathode RF-Gun With Coaxial Coupler Recent Beam Quality Improvements in the MAX IV Photoinjector WEP067 72 WEP066 WEP063 WEP064 WEP065 WEP062

28 Aug – Wed WEP073 WEP072 WEP071 WEP070 WEP069 WEP068 lxbeHg oe n eeiinRt PP upPoeLsrSse o h LS2XVFLBeam- FEL XUV FLASH2 the for System Laser Pump-Probe OPCPA Rate Repetition and Power High Flexible FLASH at Performance FEL the on Exposure Radiation of Influence Streaking THz by FLASH at Pulses XUV of Characterization Temporal Single-Shot SOLEIL at Undulators Cryogenic of Development xeineWt C-ae htnDtco tFLASH2 at Detector Photon MCP-Based With Experience FLASH2 at Afterburner Harmonic the of Properties Radiation Expected oeo LS.Telsri eindt lo o atcag fteplerptto ae ewe 0kHz 50 between rates repetition pulse the between a duration via of ments pulse 400 change limited kHz, fast transform (100 a tunable point with operation for pulses laser allow first to The designed MHz. is 1 and laser The FLASH. of mode us igotc,cmrsin teuto,feunycneso n ouigt h neato chamber. interaction the to focusing and conversion frequency attenuation, compression, diagnostics, pulse 800 - Hz 10 the matching structure laser temporal The a energy. pulse and sufficient pulses with output tunability stable duration capa- long-term pulse method delivers and only wavelength system the technology, required (OPCPA) the amplification high producing pulse flexible, of laser chirped highly The ble parametric a beamline. optical of FEL on addition FLASH2 based the the is at on system experiments report facility. We pump-probe (FEL) for beamlines. laser system FEL free-electron femtosecond-laser X-ray operating repetition-rate soft simultaneously and two XUV of repetition-rate consists high It only worldwide the currently (DESY) is Zheng FLASH J. Swiderski, A. Schulz, S. Peters, F. Lang T. DESY at line changes the with performed simulations have the we of comparison undulator, first radiation the and operation. the of performance during of field FEL observe monitoring in magnetic we change detailed the the on of study Based trans- degradation to and simulations on accelerated Coulomb. charge measurements 35 total reference around the time, and is this loss undulator In years. FLASH1 14 the about through for facility ported user as operated been has FLASH method. Faatz diagnostic B. the of accuracy of and Results reliability the commissioned. for showing recently setup presented and streaking be FL21) THz (Beamline will permanent hall experiments A FLASH2 first optimal. the the pulse most at XUV the installed actual is been method the has in our retrieve diagnostics as that pulse to well verify methods as to reconstruction data compared pulse been experimental different have the of shape in results explored the are addition, energy, In shapes,... pulse fluctuat- simulations. bunch duration, mea- strongly electron pulse the the time, between Furthermore, arrival of Correlations distribution, properties radiation. spectral different discussed. been (SASE) between are have emission interplay wavelengths method spontaneous the XUV self-amplified diagnostic of different ing the investigation and of detailed fs sources a 350 allow error to surements technique, possible fs the and 10 of measured Limits limits sub the and from investigate recorded. FLASH durations to by order pulse In generated different presented. at pulses are measurements FEL experiment streaking SASE field-driven XUV THz- of a with characterization temporal single-shot of Results Macias Bermudez I.J. experiment test COXINEL the on or GeV 2.75 undula- at measured beamlines MeV. by SOLEIL 160 validated Synchrotron at diffraction is long specific and undulators the generation the with on (third of either measurements radiation, quality ring magnetic tor The storage optimization, presented. and are FEL Construction, bench for measurement both construction applications. embedded under gap, based is mm mm sources) 3 15 plasma light to period laser down of limited COXINEL CPMU operation cryo-ready the an long for and for m Anatomix configuration SOLEIL 3 the A cryo-ready at on experiment. the used test are in Laser them used Electron of Free CP- is two based long SOLEIL: one m Synchrotron third at 2 the built Three been beamlines, temperature. have Nanoscopium low (U18) at mm performance 18 enhanced period wavelengths, magnet of short MUs permanent at the radiation of brightness advantage high taking provide by can (CMPU) Undulators Magnet (PhLAM/CERLA) Permanent Roussel Weitkamp T. Cryogenic E. Valléau, (LOA) M. Kononenko Tavakoli, K.T. O.S. Somogyi, Corde, A. S. Espinos, (SOLEIL) Oumbarek D. Mary, A. Marteau, F. Marcouillé, O. gue, Couprie M.-E. fo . mt 0 m.Dnmcrnesasfo u-Jt Jlvl(rmsotnost auainlevel). saturation to spontaneous (from FLASH2 level of mJ plates range to MCP wavelength sub-nJ whole the from spans the of range covers positioning Dynamic detector geometrical nm). MCP 100 and detector. to targets nm the different 2.x scat- on (from of detects flux Use (MCP) photon plate of Micro-channel (mesh). control target provides FLASH2. a at from detector radiation radiation MCP-based tered describe we report this In M.V. Brovko O.I. afterburner the for implementation. simulations for of made choices of series technical influence a the presents the of contribution study some This also and We scheme output. radiation com- polarization. the the circular of on and many metals. tapering radiation cover earth reverse potentially wavelengths rare would short of GeV the edges 1.35 for to absorption upgrade requests L- munity’s energy in an relatively cases with This scientific setting polarization. the afterburner Hamburg proposed of variable The the study with in the nm facility us 1.5 FLASH enables approximately the upgrade to at straightforward down line, wavelengths undulator short FLASH2 delivering the for upgrade area, to option afterburner the discuss We Mehrjoo M. ukv(DESY) Yurkov .Aiasa,U rseWrmn,I at,T ulebsh .Mncwts .Mh,JM Müller, J.M. Mohr, C. Manschwetus, B. Huelsenbusch, T. Hartl, I. Grosse-Wortmann, U. Alisauskas, S. , .Tischer, M. , > .Faz .Prsai .Tshr .Vgn(DESY) Vagin P. Tischer, M. Paraskaki, G. Faatz, B. , .u rbnsv .Srsn(IR .Guead .Melr .Shedilr ..Tiedtke, K.I. Schneidmiller, E. Mueller, E. Grunewald, S. (JINR) Syresin E. Grebentsov, A.Yu. , 0mln ea-mgn emie ahisrmn etrsamdlrotcldlvr tto for station delivery optical modular a features instrument Each beamline. relay-imaging long m 40 .Bah,F rqe,N éh,J aSla .Gat,C ebax ..Ktg,M aa,A Louler- A. Labat, M. Kitegi, C.A. Herbeaux, C. Ghaith, A. Silva, Da J. Béchu, N. Briquez, F. Blache, F. , P. .Dsee,R vnv(EY .Lu(EuXFEL) Liu J. (DESY) Ivanov R. Düsterer, S. , ai (DESY) Vagin µ )i omsindfrue xeiet,weelaser where experiments, user for commissioned is J) < 5f n 0 saetasotdt w instru- two to transported are fs 100 and fs 15 µ bursts- s 73

28 Aug – Wed , F. Dietrich, W. Freund, J. Grünert, A. Koch, J. Laksman, J. Liu, M.P.Planas (EuXFEL) U. Jas- , W. Freund, J. Grünert, A. Koch, J. Laksman, J. Liu, M.P.Planas (EuXFEL) , J. Buck, F. Dietrich, J. Grünert, M. Ilchen, J. Liu, M.P.Planas (EuXFEL) L. Glaser, Th. Maltezopoulos, , J. Grünert, H. Kirkwood, R. Letrun, A. Mancuso (EuXFEL) T. Sato (CFEL) (EuXFEL) R. Rossmanith (DESY) trow, A.A. Sorokin, K.I. Tiedtke (DESY)X-ray A.A. Gas Sorokin Monitors (IOFFE) (XGMs) are operated atments European and XFEL average for beam non-invasive position single-shotsorting pulse monitoring. and energy normalizing measure- They single-shot experimental are data used accordingat to for the DESY pulse machine based energy. on SASE The the XGMs tuning specific were requirements developed andation. for operation the In European our and XFEL. contribution for Six we units will arefrom meanwhile present the in the continuous SASE1, XGM oper- setup, SASE2, the and locationssurement SASE3 in uncertainty beamlines. the of European 7-10 We percent, XFEL present single-shot tunnels, correlations pulse and between energy data different measurements XGMs, and with between an XGMs and absolute mea- Y. Li In the SASE3 beam line at theto European obtain XFEL a a planar undulator circularly producesvariable polarized linearly polarization. polarized radiation radiation. Recently an In Argonne order afterburner Nationalfor will Lab a storage developed be ring a installed which super allows to to conductivethe change produce undulator undulator polarization parts. (called coherent direction and SCAPE) In radiation field this strength with also paper without a it moving possible mechanically is choice investigated for if the a future undulator similar beam device lines could where be circular useful andJ. variable for Liu polarization an are FEL. required. Such deviceThe is European X-ray Free Electronsearch Laser of (EuXFEL) extremely small has structures been onand in the dynamics operation nano in to since the micrometer femtosecond 2017 length toliance, and scale millisecond X-ray is time and induced range. probing enabling dynamics ultrafast Exploiting novel can phenomena the re- new unprecedented be era high observed in FEL physics by peak and applying chemistry. bril- X-ray Typically, thetrolled timing pump down of to - pulses the from optical level two of probe independent naturally schemes sources occurringexperiments. can timing that only jitter, This open which be inevitably turns con- a out calls to for befor a a sorting major photon and limiting factor tagging diagnostics for the tool such experimentalthe to data. Photon precisely In Arrival determine this Monitor the report, (PAM) relative we attiming arrival describe the jitter the time SPB/SFX from design instrument the and level at first of the commissioning singlestep European of pulses towards XFEL. realizing per This ultrafast train first experiments at measurement 10 at of Hz the up European to XFEL. MHz repetition rates represents anTh. important Maltezopoulos J. Viefhaus (DESY) The constructions of X-rayshort Free-Electron pulse length Laser have (XFEL) created a facilities needout for damage with photon or diagnostics high that being intensity, is overloaded, capableinvasive high but of principle at handling repetition these the for rate conditions same with- photon and timeXFEL diagnostics provide pulses relevant is and beam the the parameters resulting usage tofor ions of the on-line or users. low and electrons density pulse-resolved A are diagnostics detected. non- matterbeamline of where We the at present gas spectral a the distribution targets Photo-Electron European and are SpectrometerTime-Of-Flight XFEL polarization (PES) spectrometers ionized facility at oriented by perpendicular the in to Soft the Schenefeld, X-ray incomingangle Germany. SASE3 X-ray of beam the in The order electromagnetic PES to field. monitor devicelary. the A For consists polar target every gas of pulse is we sixteen injected detect electron the ascan photoelectrons calculate an Time-Of-Flight photon-energy effusive and with jet polar 1eV angular in resolution distribution the and from interaction polarization which region with we via two a degree capil- accuracy. Relative accuracy of single-shot radiation1%. pulse DAQ energy based measurements software in is the underformance exponential development with gain which electron allows regime beam to is jitters. perform about Asof cross-correlation machine a of jitters, result, the and it SASE (ii) is FEL to possible:important per- use (i) quantities statistical as to techniques gain organize for curve efficient characterization (gain feedbackradiation of of for SASE pulse the cancellation FEL radiation duration, radiation pulse coherence deriving energy such time, andare its presented and in fluctuations degree the along of paper. the undulator), transverse coherence. Relevant experimental results sioning in SASE2 Beamline of the EuropeanN.G. XFEL Kujala The European X-ray Free Electron Laser (XFEL)with facility femtosecond in pulse Germany length. will There deliver are pulses threewhile undulators: SASE3 at provides 4.5 SASE1 soft MHz and X-ray repetition SASE2 radiation. rate provide An hardreliable important X-ray tools FEL task radiation, of and the feedback X-ray photon systemswhich diagnostics is for group created is measurements by to the aiming provide SASE at processto studying shot-to-shot (Self fluctuations Amplified the in Spontaneous most properties Emission), beam whose of properties stochasticshot. and the nature resulting In gives FEL spectrum order rise will radiation to vary cover considerablyof these from the variations, shot SASE2 to the undulator HIREX branch spectrometer as feedback hasdevice, system based been for on installed machine bent in optimization. silicon the and HIREX photon diamond spectrometerdetector. crystals is tunnel as an In XTD6 a on-line this dispersive element, contribution andwill we a present will MHz-repetition the rate discuss preliminary Gotthard spectral the measurement. installation and commissioning of HIREX spectrometerJ. Laksman and A Superconducting Undulator With Variable Polarization Direction for the European XFEL Design and Commissioning of a Photon Arrival Time Monitor at the European XFEL Pulse Energy Measurements and Position Monitoring at European XFEL using X-ray Gas Monitors The HIgh Resolution Hard X-Ray Single Shot Spectrometer (HIREX Spectrometer) Installation and Commis- A Photoelectron Spectrometer for Soft X-Ray Photon Diagnostics at European XFEL 74 WEP077 WEP078 WEP076 WEP074 WEP075

28 Aug – Wed WEP085 WEP084 WEP082 WEP081 WEP080 WEP079 uecnutn nuao ol ihPro eghDuln o FLApplications XFEL for Doubling Length Period With Coils Undulator Superconducting Hetero- a with Processing Data Online and System Acquisition Data High-Speed of Development and Design Free- Emission Spontaneous Self-Amplified for Autocorrelation Spectrogram of Reconstruction ROSA: Simulations FEL: X-Ray Hard Rate High-Repetition at Monochromator Cryo-Cooled on Load Heat of Effect il nerlMaueet f2 mPro yrdUdltradFtr esrmn Plan Measurement Future and Undulator Hybrid Period mm 20 of Measurements Integral Field Experiment FEL Driven Laser-Plasma a for Undulator Cryogenic A h einadrpr nteqec et,a ela ntemgei edmeasurements. field magnetic the on of as describe case we well in contribution as this tests, lines, coil In quench undulator SASE developed. the superconducting been existing on long has report the m mm and 34 0.41 with design and a done the mm step, presently 17 first between a as length keV, As GeV. period 25 switchable 7.8 electron with the to at an mode for for up keV operation example cover 100 (CW) for to about wave advantage to and continuous keV great GeV, few of 17.5 between be range of energy could energy photon mm a beam cover 30-40 to to with allow undulators mm would such It 15-20 of XFEL. between line European SASE range A the photons. emitted in superconducting the doubling the of range of period by energy packages the length winding broadens of period further subset feature the powered with This separately of beam coils. of electron switching one with allows in operation technology direction undulators in current SCU length superconducting the Moreover, period changing based and undulators. gap NbTi magnet same that the permanent for to experimentally axis respect on demonstrated field been peak higher has a have it (SCUs) years few since Only real-time Casalbuoni for S. platform GPU per a a data provide and uses of sensors that GBytes image the system of interfacing DAQ tens for transfer. ultrafast board data of FPGA continuous online processing high-performance our custom the a introduce accelerate and we processing, to image reconfig- paper, in detectors of this demands integration new In the increasing the motivate the to second. systems However, close DAQ the units system. of processing (DAQ) speed down Acquisition urable and resolution than Data throughput, time higher data pulse-resolved a flexibility, magnitude novel the of with the improving orders performed using two be form. about fs can pulse interest, 30 THz experiments of to the Time-resolved materials tuning of of sources. excitation (THz) flexibility the tabletop terahertz and for driven state-of-the-art MHz, used accelerator 13 are of to pulses class up THz new rates The the repetition on high based provide is that sources facility radiation TELBE at sources THz superradiant The Bawatna M. the provides Architecture and FPGA/GPU spectra geneous SASE exam- measured pulses. to of FEL method SASE ensemble cost-effective of an distribution a requires Wigner propose only ensemble-averaged very we the It of is work autocorrelation pulses. this profile temporal SASE In temporal of and properties results. spectrum these experimental duration, ine the pulse of particular analysis in for properties, important emission XFEL of Diagnostics Serkez S. for Lasers Electron tolerable rate repetition esti- the is provides time This relaxation pulses. thermal between monochromator. A of interval operation simulations. time stable flow arrival Dynamics with heat and compared with Imaging and compared experimen- Materials mated and first at presented Here, monochromator are cryo-cooled instrument bandwidth. a in- (MID) pulse of X-ray reduce commissioning hard to during At used observations rate. are tal repetition monochromators MHz silicon at pulses cryo-cooled ultra-short struments, high-intensity (ANL) generates Shu (EuXFEL) D. XFEL GmbH) Facility European Laser Free-Electron X-Ray (European Dong X. Petrov I. an by acquired Observations Experimental data First position and beam between correlation the and tunnel the of imager. end an close and the measurements XGM position at simultaneous and show undulator we the Additionally, to devices. measurement resolved pulse other a non ciiiso nuao einaddvlpet nti ae,w nlz h edadphase and field the analyze we paper, this In India Indore, development. University, and Ahilya design Devi undulator of on laboratory (IddA) activities Application ongoing and has development device Insertion The (UNAM) Trillaud F. UIT) a from design, Gehlot the gain M. present FEL will of we undulator. demonstration Here, FEL the the today. of support already status commissioning lab will current the undulator the in and this manufacturing available that peak beams show, a electron vacuum and calculations length using high period Our plasma-accelerator the mm T. 15 of 2.2 with requirements undulator which of the an alloys commissioning field fulfilling magnetic currently are and new we temperatures, developing DESY, at limits, cryogenic specified its standard within to potential scheme. components decomression full mechanical the their following the unfold beams of fu- electron tolerances undulator laser-plasma the A FEL-ready from pushing recently cryogenic gain By the beam. DESY, FEL include electron first and will LUX demonstrate laser-plasma commissioning, University The to a under FROSTY currently Hamburg from beamline, FELs. of radiation the of undulator compact collaboration upgrade spontaneous of ture a of generation in generation next operated the a demonstrated and drive developed to accelerator, candidates plasma promising are accelerators Laser-plasma Hamburg) of versity Trunk M. .Dmah .L,A asn .Smyoa .Sadk .Sn,V lzoa .Zzla(EuXFEL) Zozulya A. Sleziona, V. Sinn, H. Shayduk, R. Samoylova, L. Madsen, A. Lu, W. Dommach, M. , .Gln,N eaioa(uFL .Grbsv(onl nvriy .Sbo(LNU) Sobko B. University) (Cornell Gorobtsov O. (EuXFEL) Gerasimova N. Geloni, G. , ..Ka,R hla,G iha(eiAiy nvriy .Hsan(eateto ple Physics, Applied of (Department Hussain J. University) Ahilya (Devi Mishra G. Khullar, R. Khan, S.M. , Uiest fHmug ntttfrEprmnapyi)J art .Shl HB ..Mir(Uni- Maier A.R. (HZB) Schulz B. Bahrdt, J. Experimentalphysik) für Institut Hamburg, of (University .C enr,O ndl .Kvlv(ZR ..Salk(ehiceUiesttDresden) Universität (Technische Spallek R.G. (HZDR) Kovalev S. Knodel, O. Deinert, J.-C. , .Gaan ..Ga,T oue,D azd argi(KIT) Jauregui de Saez D. Holubek, T. Grau, A.W. Glamann, N. , 75

28 Aug – Wed 50,000, representing a promising > m (rms), and for upgraded version implementing a pre-convex mirror (analogously to µ (CAEP/IAE) , V.L. Bratman, A. Friedman, Yu. Lurie (Ariel University) V.L. Bratman (IAP/RAS) (SINAP) (ShanghaiTech University) (ShanghaiTech University) (SINAP) spectral diagnostics for free electronresolve laser single spikes (FEL) in in the softpulse self-amplified X-ray length. spontaneous range. emission (SASE) This spectrum extreme and resolving reflect power the could critical well SASE Z.P.Liu The test facility is goingtwo-stage to generate cascaded 8.8 HGHG-HGHG nm or FEL EEHG-HGHGgeneration) radiation (high-gain scheme. using harmonic Several an methods generation, 840 have MeV echo-enabled beensilicon electron harmonic developed photodiode linac to having passing measure no through the loss the power inthis of the work, pulse. entrance we The window. simulated responsivity Silicon the of photodiodeof attenuator reach the transmittance saturates experiment for at results different the at thicknesses. the SXFEL. SXFEL In We . also show the preparations Q. Xie SHINE facility will be the first hardof X-ray three free electron beamlines laser and with 1 tenCoherent MHz endstations Diffractive of China. and imaging The will Endstation entire facility beCDS (CDS) is accomplished endstation composed is in construction, one 2024. an of off-linefemtosecond the The single laser primers single particle and particle diffractive in an imaging and the(SPI) ultrafast system molecular first process. camera based Lens phase. are on and apertures set a are In high-repetition upAs used the an in to effective control early the auxiliary the stage lab method energy per to of problems to pulse develop of simulate of SPI: imaging first, the the technology, processing the laser XFEL for imaging at massiverapid single system the raw fix-target same is data particle scanning level focused of imaging method of on diffractive with patterns XFEL. three with the crucial novel advanced translation 3D algorithms. stage imaging Second, for method rare based samples. on Moreover, diffractive the principle third with is a to single develop shot a forY. Xu different samples. Shanghai HIgh repetition rate XFEL aNdtron Extreme laser light facility. facility Currently (SHINE) there is are a 3 1 beamlines MHz and rep-rate 10 hard endstations X-ray under free construction. elec- The IEM instrument integral properties of the IddA U20designed undulator. device The of IddA 20 U20 mm isprovides a period magnetic prototype length NdFeB-cobalt flux with steel density twenty hybrid fiveof (in in periods. house undulator rms) field The from integral uniform 2400 and gapof G phase variable tolerance integral to hybrid formulas equations 500 undulator and are G reviewed Hallstraightness. in and Probe the measurements. the The results analytical 10 The are basis mm electron analyzedmagnets has - on trajectory to been the of 20 improve used basis straightness the mm effectively in IddA gap thein by U20 range. trajectory. local the undulator The manipulation lacks trajectory. The phase of error theory A thedescribed. is short field improved strengths description through of improved of straightness the the measurement plan of theN. undulator Balal on the pulsedAn wire available bench frequency is range ofenergy coherent significantly radiation enhances from if pscan one bunches be uses with implemented a high micro-undulator by chargeinsertion. with redistributing and According a a moderate to high strong particle simulations transverse uniform andand field. experiments an magnetic inner with field diameter Such prototypes, by of a an (1.5-2)amplitude a steel undulator mm of helix helical inserted 0.6 with in ferromagnetic T. a the Using or period a 3T-fieldto of of copper hybrid 1.1 solenoid (8-10) system T. can The mm with provide necessary a an steel permanently undulatorfrom helices field magnetized powder, can with structure or be an can 3D manufactured increase - on thiswith printed. the value the machine, up Simulations length assembled based of from on (30-40) steelof the wires, cm 1 formed WB3D enable nC code and single-mode duration demonstrate super-radianceefficiency of that from 2 using of bunches ps such with such moving undulators energy process in ofdensity. an is over-sized 6 (2-4)% waveguide MeV, charge in that frequency many range times of 3-5 exceeds THz. efficiency The for calculated shortL.J. Chen bunches of theA same modified initial pole structure ofnetic pure field. permanent magnet (PPM) The undulatormagnetic poles is field is are proposed obviously to segmented higher than enhance into thatto the of two solve peak conventional the blocks PPM mag- issue undulators. of with The the narrowed methods themagnetic good have field magnetization field been have region proposed directions also caused been by tilted, the discussed. new and structure. the The harmonic peak properties of the B. Li The paper will reportspectral a resolution new throughout design the ofdiffractive designated grazing beam, incidence spectral while X-ray confining range, its spectrometer,(i.e. casting sagittal optimized an astigmatism wavelength to to excellent range achieve enhance of flat veryional the 2-5 field source high spectral nm), size for intensity. the of meridionally resolving In 50 power ’waterWolter-III structure), of window’ the 20,000-40,000 resolving power was increases demonstrated tohigher 100,000-200,000. for photon-energies, When e.g. slit-less the above merid- design 1 keV,it algorithm is could applied deliver a to resolving power of Pulse Energy Measurement at the SXFEL Design of an Off-Line Method to Simulate Single Particle Imaging for SHINE Conceptional Design of the IEM Instrument at SHINE for XPCS Capabilities of Terahertz Super-Radiance from Short Electron Bunches Moving in Micro-Undulators High Magnetic Field Pure Permanent Magnet Undulator Towards Extremely High Resolution Broad-Band Flat-Field X-Ray Spectrometer WEP089 WEP090 WEP091 76 WEP086 WEP087 WEP088

28 Aug – Wed WEP097 WEP096 WEP095 WEP094 WEP093 WEP092 prtoa oe fteAhsUdltrBeamline Undulator Athos the of Model Operational Beamline Athos the of Undulator Prototype the X, Apple First the of Assessment Magnetic SwissFEL at Beamlines X-Ray Soft Athos The FEL THz Novosibirsk for Design Undulator Hybrid Number Variable-Pole Variable-Period PAL-XFEL at Monitoring Damage Radiation Beamline X-Ray Hard PAL-XFEL for Production Undulator Spare eie osattercmisoig h nltclapoc lne ilb icse ngetdtisand beamline. details FEL evaluated great new be the will in of approach discussed requirements this those the be of to accuracy of will compared the properties Finally, planned critically relevant available. and approach the data analytical experimental all preliminary The summarise the to with commissioning. tested used to be their chicanes campaign will start compact measurement equations to 15 magnetic of the and devices set of undulators end self-consistent the X a after Apple 2020), available 16 data (middle the operates With SwissFEL, schemes. of lasing novel beamline implement X-ray Soft new the Athos, Technology) tion Kittel C. 2019. August in start will Calvi beamline M. the but of design, installation SX-700 The the down. on facing based mirror is the mechanics and Its up is facing slit. a operation grating entrance with the beam substrates an with spherical without monochromatic on operates condensed and gratings and for of line-spacing angle Pink variable downstream included is uses variable beam mirrors. (Furka) monochromator the deflecting The station as branches. distributes horizontal second well all and of at The as monochromator foreseen means physics grating by 2020. Molecular a chamber and mid of grating Atomic in consists the to light beamline dedicated get The is to (AMO) physics. expected station matter is first It The spectroscopy. future. station stations. third nonlinear the the end is whereas three in phase SwissFEL operate construction defined will and at facility be design ATHOS ATHOS the will The in FEL FEL currently facility. the are X-ray X-ray to and soft attached defined soft this already beamlines are the for the stations Two plans describes 2016, and contribution in status This the SwissFEL 2019. on of at reports end and by FEL beam X-ray first hard the deliver the to expected of start successful the After Follath R. long- the moving range tuning FEL 200 first optimal from the harmonic deliver significantly first to widen the adapted only of the was not border to design According will wavelength The simulations. undulator field the three-dimensional halves. results, of based into results modeling structure on splinted based variable-period poles made employs were with facility estimations scheme FEL performance, Novosibirsk undulator of hybrid FEL the first on the for developed undulator The Davidyuk introduced. I.V. be In will damage. results radiation measurement undulator recent the the and few monitor activities a to monitoring with line radiation undulator undulator the environ- miniature X-ray proceeding, a hard operation this PAL-XFEL and the the sensors by in radiation different installed Accumulated are be undulator. periods the can the of of magnet geometry properties permanent the magnet of and permanent 10 ment damage the the radiation Under affect the level. can However, certain radiation at accumulated undulators. FEL kept the the be condition, maintain to To operation need 2017. beam undulators since PAL-XFEL hard GeV operation of one in properties are beamlines, B-field beamlines undulator the undulator property, two two radiation These has beamlines. (PAL-XFEL) X-ray Laser soft one Electron and Free X-ray Laboratory Accelerator Pohang Lee S.J. results. magnetic tuning The and 2018. measurement the December report in We manufactured recently. was out installed are carried undulator length was spare m tuning One 5 and a service. measurements and period user mm XFEL 26 for a with operated segments and undulator 20 beamline, X-ray hard PAL-XFEL the In at- Han J.H. like components key detectors. on and we chamber focusing Here sample studies, line, XPCS phase. split-delay to for CRL, design order , instrument the polymer KB In IEM in and monochromators, the made tenuators, glass study. of carefully metallic XPCS design be conceptional ultra-fast dispersion, shall the and considerations particle present technical sequential like special both systems geometries, for material different beneficial various at with are on of pulses which measurements scale X-ray fs, XPCS continuous time coherent 100 the enable and on than brilliant dynamics less highly atomic offers length even facility pulse and correlation SHINE molecular temporal The coher- reveal the femotseconds. using to measuring to materials able By seconds of is XPCS. and study XPCS holography the patterns, CDI, diffraction for like between instrument techniques dedicated scattering a and is imaging SHINE ent at Materials) for Endstation (Imaging emln.Fnly hr eiwaottesau fteudltrpouto,icuigtemdlsfrthe for modules the the including of production, undulator commissioning the the of be for status contribution. will essential the this campaign characterisation, close about magnetic will review final EUXFEL, the short the of a to Finally, results up The line. optimisation beam will bench. field assembling measurement the magnetic the from their of for reported: design Starting implemented undulators, the procedure modelling. new including full their these presented, the for of magnets, be developed essential features single formalism is essential of new which measurements the the gradient following the recalling transversal discussed from After K be the will con- modes. properties manipulate to lasing magnetic to undulators the novel Apple-X as with well of equipped as implementation be radiation the will FEL - for the facility of user SwissFEL polarisation the the of trol beamline X-ray soft the - Athos wavelengths. shorter at efficiency , .Cli ..Lag .Shit(S)NJ amt(nvriyo at,IfrainadCommunica- and Information Malta, of (University Sammut N.J. (PSI) Schmidt T. Liang, X.Y. Calvi, M. , J.H. .Frai .Gne,C itl ..Liang, X.Y. Kittel, C. Ganter, R. Ferrari, E. , ..Jn,DE i,SJ e (PAL) Lee S.J. Kim, D.E. Jung, Y.G. , .Fehi,L ate,UH anr(PSI) Wagner U.H. Patthey, L. Flechsig, U. , a,YG ug ..Km .Mn(PAL) Mun G. Kim, D.E. Jung, Y.G. Han, ..Secek,VG cekdv ..Vnkrv(IPS RAS) SB (BINP Vinokurov N.A. Tcheskidov, V.G. Shevchenko, O.A. , T. µ o450 to m cmd (PSI) Schmidt µ u lopoiewdraetr n increase and aperture wider provide also but m 77

28 Aug – Wed = 2 cm u λ 100 fs long pulse. To break past this ∼ 1 ms. This timescale matched the 120-Hz pulse spacing ∼ 50 GW of hard X-ray power in a ∼ , D.J. Dunning, N. Thompson (STFC/DL/ASTeC) , R.B. Agustsson, I.I. Gadjev, S.M. Lynam, A.Y. Murokh (RadiaBeam) F.H. O’Shea (Elettra- , C.H. Chang, T.Y. Chung, C.-S. Hwang, C.Y. Kuo, M.-C. Lin (NSRRC) , C.-S. Hwang (NSRRC) , A.L. Benwell, Y. Feng, B.T. Jacobson (SLAC) , M. Calvi, C. Kittel, T. Schmidt (PSI) N.J. Sammut (University of Malta, Information and Communica- of LCLS, but at thesubsequent high pulses repetition is rate (up reduced.depletion. to 1 Simulations Instead, MHz) demonstrate we and hysteresis powerdensity propose and (up profile to erratic to then replace attenuation 200 is the W) largely fromenergy gas set gas-density of in column by LCLS-II, the with the the plasma. RF an attenuationdrive, mode. of An argon and LCLS-II plasma X-ray the solid-state absorption in RF FPGA-based becomes aSeveral amplifier, low-level a diagnostics TM010 generating are RF perturbation RF planned up compared controller to cavity. to to monitor can 4 the plasma The be properties kW over programmed at a to 1.3 fill-pressure range GHz, track of can tuning 10 to provide with 1000 the plasma Pa. density. and B = 1.6 T)prototype. with superimposed quadrupole field, and we also present the fabrication statusA.S. of Fisher an undulator Attenuation of X-ray FELand beams to is study fluence-dependent often effects. required Softas X-rays to are argon. avoid commonly attenuated However, damaging by absorbing photoabsorption optics a inX-ray and mJ a propagation gas pulse detectors axis, such along until during equilibrium a alignment, recovers meter in creates a pressure wave that drives gas away from the Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.) C. Pellegrini (SLAC) There are now several operating vacuum ultraviolet toeral X-ray more free-electron coming lasers (FEL) online, around under the construction, worldat or and sev- proposed. these Because facilities, of they the tremendous can amount produce of beam power A.Yu. Smirnov barrier in efficiency, we develop anis Advanced multi-TW Gradient X-ray Undulator (AGU), power at for 8.3 which keV.state the For a of simulated 10 the performance fs art pulse, X-ray this FELparameters is facilities. a used In potentially in this 100-fold FEL paper, increase simulations we in to describe X-ray a intensity the over preliminary advances design of the for AGU a design bifilar from superconducting a undulator number ( of We studied the degree of polarisationthe of CompactLight the facility, FEL which radiation isdefined from in by the the the diverted-beam process scheme users of using withoutcomprising being the compromising a designed. layout the of helical aim To Super satisfy ofoffs the Conductive the between polarisation facility Undulator the requirements to (SCU) SCU be followed length,discussed. compact, by afterburner we a length, studied planar degree a Delta of configuration polarisation afterburner. and The output power trade- are presented and X.Y. Liang tion Technology) Athos, the new soft X-rayfeature beamline novel of capabilities the which SwissFEL, require will adequatecalculated starting be models from equipped for the their with Fourier operation. series Applesical of X parallel The the undulators. and K-value magnetic anti-parallel field and These modes and its - devices theycomputer respectively gradient are elliptical simulations are expressed and and as linear compared a modes. to function the The of magnetic results the are measurements clas- validated of against the first Apple XC.-H. prototype. Chang FEL T.Y. Chung In this paper, we propose the design oftrum an pulse-to-pulse undulator in to alter free-electron polarization lasers at (FELs).can a A fast alter frequency fast and characteristic time the varying energy light spec- magneticprovides features. field typically generated a An in magnetic an electromagnetic field undulator switching (EM)limit frequency and the below 100 performance permanent Hz. for magnet Inductance the and (PM) EMstrong heating magnetic type type issues forces and undulator from between favor coils magnet small arrays magneticissues create and undesired fields relative propose and motion. an longer undulator In periods made this and offields. paper, Halbach we for Concept, cylinders discuss the magnet with these structure PM rotating and type, magnet performance arrays are to discussed switch in the magnetic this note. H.M. Castaneda Cortes Twin-helix undulators (THU) with a short periodVUV length of free 20 electron mm laser and test 24 mm facility.dulator have Four been THU-20 is designed undulators for used are the for needed NSRRC for thearranged the along modulator. FEL the radiator beam These and axis. THU a Thesigned undulators THU-24 THU-20 and un- consist and optimized THU-24 to of permanent generate two a magnet high helical withits field helically magnet axis. of shaped 1.0 arrays poles T End symmetrically are and de- pole 1.2the T design small-bore respectively and in diameter. a shimming Moreover, 5.6 with methods mm a diametertested are 0.5 aperture in considered along the mm to THU-20 space and achieve between THU-24 two veryfor prototypes. helical this precise A horizontally arrays, simple field open-gap weak but performance undulator. magnetic precise To mechanical in forces evaluateprototypes support mechanical are for structure and was the magnetic designed properties THU-20 of andchanical the techniques, THU-24 magnet, and short were field built measurement method and for tested. the THU This undulators. paper presents the magnetic design, me- A Plasma Attenuator for Soft X-Rays in LCLS-II Design of Superconducting Helical Undulator for High Efficiency X-Ray FELs Advanced Operational Models of the Apple X Undulator Design of Twin Helix Undulators for the NSRRC VUV Free Electron Laser Conceptual Design of a Permanent Magnet Undulator for Fast Pulse-to-Pulse Polarization Switching in an Polarisation Control via a Linear Delta Afterburner for the CompactLight Facility 78 WEP103 WEP102 WEP099 WEP101 WEP098 WEP100

28 Aug – Wed WEP107 WEP106 WEP105 WEP104 aern hpn fXRyFe lcrnLsrwt ifatv Optics Diffractive with Laser Electron Free X-Ray of Shaping Wavefront Experiments Pump-Probe LCLS-II for Source THz Rate High-Repetition High-Power, A oaiigAtrunrfrteLL-ISRUdltrLine Undulator SXR LCLS-II the for Afterburner Polarizing Interferom- Talbot Single-Grating Using Lasers Electron Free X-Ray for Metrology Wavefront Accuracy High . e ihtnbeefiinyadhg dlt nwvfot( beamlines. wavefront FEL on at at fidelity splitter diagnostics high beam in-situ and grating efficiency Diamond-based tunable optics. with and diffractive keV algorithms 9.5 using angular design control orbital New illumination various for measurements; keV) for processes noise-limited (9.5 fabrication X-ray optics shot X-ray sensitivity diffractive photon high hard optic-based X-ray approaching shot diffractive spectroscopy, Multi-function of single absorption optics. ultrafast fabrication scien- diffractive of using and new LCLS Generation up at design beams opening include: the momentum They (FEL), report lasers we FELs. free-electron paper, with X-ray this applications of In wavefronts shape opportunities. to tific used be can optics Diffractive (LBNL) Liu Y. Huang Z. edfrtevral a einbce pb embsdmaueet oewt h CSDlaundulator. Delta the LCLS explain the with will done paper measurements The based beam K by 2020-2021. up the installation backed reduce for design to undulator scheduled gap control polarizing variable SXR currently phase the a is the for row of device of need using performance The range the that degrades shown operational mode. severely developed been entire afterburner mode being has the in polarizing It is over circular (Delta-II) resonant in control. undulator operating be value while polarizing K to value new for value A gap K variable maximum line. (2) afterburners increased (SXR) beamline Polarizing X-ray (1) ranges. soft wavelength reasons: X-ray the two soft of and for end hard lines the the undulator in for new operate two planned the to by are of replaced project) being operations LCLS-II currently of the is FEL end of line the LCLS part undulator to LCLS (as the The 2014 in August 2018. mode December from in (SLAC) afterburner facility Laboratory in LCLS Accelerator operated National successfully SLAC the been at has beamline (Delta) undulator polarizing fixed-gap A as Nuhn selected H.-D. instruments. was LCLS-II sensor and LCLS wavefront to This transition for studied. engineered being being photon currently is and is electron tapering and between standard and optics, relationship the lengths focusing of undulator understanding instrument science different experimental accelerator under and New wavefront beam optics sample. the the transport to study beam way to through the information all eV), output, valuable (500-1500 FEL provide X-rays soft the results to from The and extended evolution also lambda/100, configurations. was than technique plane The Talbot better 3D. fractional in both wavefronts using accuracy, keV) and (9.5 Co- X-ray sensitivity Linac hard the 3-sigma of wavefront at retrieval demonstrate single-shot performed accurate (LCLS) Experiments interferometry. and es- Source Talbot sensitive is grating Light robust, single beam herent a using X-ray report beams the we FEL of Here X-ray wavefront for applications. quality sensor FEL high many the and for of coherence opportunities many the new for Preserving sential opens technology. (FELs) and lasers free-electron science from of areas X-rays coherent intense, of availability The (ANL) Shi X. Grizolli, W.C. Liu Y. etry to wiggler the from pulses in THz difference the path bringing the system for transport compensate the to and hall. optimized wiggler experimental THz is the THz produces bunches the two bunch describe second the first We the between from the delay X-rays transport. LCLS-II: soft time produces at initial that The radiation undulator the THz following bunch. immediately generate wiggler to dedicated a scheme in two-bunch radiation LCLS-II a like propose facility we (XFEL) laser paper, free-electron ( X-ray fields ( high an bandwidth produce narrow at that THz), probe 20 X-ray to an (3 and frequency-tunable require pump THz a using Experiments ..Atod .Colt .L,A adnwt ..Shotr ..Saeg .Wis(LC .Marchesini S. (SLAC) Weiss T. Seaberg, M.H. W.F. Schlotter, Sakdinawat, A. Li, K. Chollet, M. Attwood, D.T. , .Dn,Y eg ..Fiz .L,G acs .Skiaa,MH ebr,P atr(LC .Assoufid, L. (SLAC) Walter P. Seaberg, M.H. Sakdinawat, A. Marcus, G. Li, K. Fritz, D.M. Feng, Y. Ding, Y. , ..Fse,MC ofan ..Jcbo,Z hn (SLAC) Zhang Z. Jacobson, B.T. Hoffmann, M.C. Fisher, A.S. , (SLAC) ∼ Vc)a h eeiinrt fteXry n elsnhoie ihte.I this In them. with synchronized well and X-rays the of rate repetition the at MV/cm) ∼ < 0) are-neoepaesal H pulses THz carrier-envelope-phase-stable 10%), aba10aerto)frba hrn and sharing beam for aberration) lambda/100 79

28 Aug – Wed J. Grünert (EuXFEL) Wednesday - Late Afternoon Chair: — WED , J. Pﬂüger, H. Sinn (EuXFEL) W. Decking, D. Nölle, F.Schmidt-Föhre (DESY) F.Hellberg (Stockholm , M. Aiba, A.D. Alarcon, C. Arrell, S. Bettoni, M. Brügger, M. Calvi, E. Ferrari, R. Follath, R. Ganter, , J. Grünert, S. Karabekyan, A. Koch, J. Liu (EuXFEL) L. Fröhlich, D. Nölle, J. Wilgen (DESY) , F. Dietrich, W. Freund, A. Koch, N.G. Kujala, J. Laksman, J. Liu, Th. Maltezopoulos, M.P.Planas (Eu-

W. Freund The SASE1 and SASE2 undulator systemsundulators of the which European XFEL are consist initially of 35lab. tuned segments with to After variable-gap precise tunnel planar installation on-axiswith only magnetic a photon field similar based strengths accuracy. methods inthe can The K-monochromator a determine spontaneous (K-mono) magnetic and the radiation measurement recorded K-values of withprocessing of single the a images undulator or sensitive from segments spontaneous few the radiation SR-imager undulator andradiation imager cells geometrical (SR-imager). we fitting is of By obtain spectrally the spatial very filtered distributionis fast with of used the the spontaneous for K-parameter adjustments andthis of presentation the the we beam gap describe pointing settings themeasurements and of K-mono that vertical were system single performed. at offset segments. the positions European of This XFEL, the information the single measurement undulator principle, and segments. the In J. Grünert XFEL) The European X-ray Free Electronmicroscopic structures Laser with (EuXFEL) atomic enables resolution. First awith light new three was era demonstrated undulator in in beamlines May the andearly 2017 2019. and research six operation The of experimental started world-wide ultrafast endstations unique dynamics feature withshort of X-ray of a this pulses machine commissioning with is phase a the repetition from combinationto rate of cope 2017 in immensely with the till brilliant these MHz and extreme range. ultra- conditions, However, thisto to also the enable requires stable users. novel machine photon In operation diagnostics and thisfacility to contribution, diagnostics deliver capable we beam of describe diagnostic surviving data the exposureindividual results to obtained pulses multi-bunch in at operation the and MHz commissioning resolvingspectroscopy rates. the and of characteristics operation ionized In of noble of gases, particular the gated we scintillatorwith imaging, fast employ crystal line for spectrometers detectors, and this diamond arrival detectors, task time and monitors gas-ionization multi-channel plate monitors, based photoelectron intensity monitors. University) The EuXFEL is a FEL userable facility SASE based Undulator on Systems a using superconducting hybridage accelerator NdFeB with on permanent high undulators duty magnet can cycle. segments impact Three areserved the gap operated. in mov- quality the Radiation commissioning of dam- phase the doses SASECurrently up all process to SASE and 4 kGy systems ultimately and are threaten 3% usedabsorbed user demagnetization radiation for operation. effect doses user in on We photon a undulators ob- diagnostic under delivery undulator. stablebe and conditions. originated in in Doses this the on event work the of upstream we occasionala segments present high are SASE characteristics energy found system, electron of to individual losses. the segments In show contrast,charge towards and persistent the are absorbed downstream dominated doses end by of low which energy arediation radiation. proportional damage This to thresholds energy-dependence the depiction for shall transmitted individual result segments. intunnel distinct Portable assessment ra- magnetic of flux undulator measurement properties systems in allow order in-situ to estimate radiation dose limits for future user operation. F.Wolff-Fabris T. Schmidt P.N.Juraniˇc,C. Kittel, F.Löhl, E. Prat, S. Reiche,The U.H. SwissFEL Wagner Aramis (PSI) beamline provides hardperiod, 15 X-ray mm, FEL in-vacuum undulators radiation (U15). down To to reachoperated the with 1 maximum vacuum designed Angström gaps K-value with of down 1.8 5.8 to theequipped 3.0 GeV U15s with mm. have and a to The short be pair thirteen-undulator of modules permanent areaxis. magnet 4 quadrupoles m Optical at long the and systems two each and ends, ofvalue dedicated aligned them calibration. magnetically is photon to In diagnostics the this undulator are talkcomparison used the between main to the steps check magnetic of the results theto alignment and undulator highlight the and achievements commissioning and electron improve will open and the be issues. photon recalled K- based and a measurements systematic will be reported Undulator Adjustment with the K-Monochromator System at the European XFEL Pulse Resolved Photon Diagnostics at MHz Repetition Rates Absorbed Radiation Doses on the European XFEL Undulator Systems During Early User Experiments Experience with Short-Period, Small Gap Undulators at the SwissFEL Aramis Beamline

15 30 30 15 28-Aug-19 16:15 – 17:45 Auditorium (Lecture Hall A) 80 WED04 WED03 WED01 WED02 17:30 17:15 16:45 16:15

28 Aug – Wed 18:00 WET01 8Ag1 80 90 uioim(etr alA) Hall (Lecture Auditorium 19:00 – 18:00 28-Aug-19

60 htnTasotBaln Design Beamline Transport Photon in u oe lonwcalne oterdainsft ytm hsttra ie noeve ftebasic XFEL. the European experiences of the also overview of illustrates an and operation lasers gives of electron years tutorial free two This at first optics applica- the system. X-ray technical from of safety for physics radiation possibilities the the the understand new conditions suitable to to up needed certain opens challenges the relations Under which new on material, also absorbers. limitations of poses and slabs strong but thick attenuators poses tions through slits, This fast coatings, very beam mirror drill scales. the in can for intercepting time generated beam used anything different is in be it on pile-up can that heat transport that the is thermal materials that light the effect laser the outrun X-ray compared to can specifications of leads and - which aspect different pulses, Another also short and part sources. intense in radiation very and synchrotron - at stringent optics trans- more beam similar much the therefore to of elements fulfill optical to The have coherence. system perfect almost port with light X-ray produce Lasers Electron Free Sinn H. (EuXFEL) WET — ensa Tutorial Wednesday 81

28 Aug – Wed J at the wavelength of µ to study demagnetization in the framework of all-optical 2 Y.U. Jeong (KAERI) Thursday - Early Morning Chair: — THA (Max Planck Institute for Medical Research) (POSTECH) K. Amann-Winkel (FYSIKUM, AlbaNova, Stockholm University) A. Nilsson (Stockholm Uni- , T. Golz, G. Grübel, L. Müller, A. Philippi-Kobs, W.R. Roseker, R. Rysov, N. Stojanovic, M. Walther (DESY) , Y. Honda, H. Kawata, T. Miyajima, N. Nakamura, H. Sakai, M. Shimada, Y. Tanimoto, K. Tsuchiya (KEK) m with an 81.25 MHz repetition rate. The FEL is also expected to become a proof-of-concept machine for µ

M. Riepp F.Capotondi, M. Kiskinova, D. Naumenko, E. Pedersoli (Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste(University S.C.p.A.) of R. Frömter, Hamburg, H.P.Oepen Institut für Experimentalphysik) We report on demagnetization upon infrared (IR)on laser the excitation sub-picosecond of timescale nanometer by magnetic employing time-resolved multidomainat magnetic systems the small DiProI angle beamline of X-ray FERMI@Elettra. scattering (tr-mSAXS) Few3.5 repetition Co/Pt ps multilayers were long pumped by IR circularly polarized pulses with a fluence of 3.4 mJ/cm R. Kato Recently KEK has launched anIndustrial infrared Technology FEL Development Organization). project with Theat a purpose the competitive of funding compact this from Energy project NEDOprocessing is Recovery (New database to Linac Energy required build and for (cERL), a industrial andmatching mid-infrared lasers. section FEL to between The use them, and FEL that generates system light FEL is with as a composed maximum a of pulse two light energy 3 of source 1 m for undulators construction and of a the Laser K.H. Kim versity) Water is the most important liquidbiology, and for our geoscience. existence In on the Earthliquids liquid and such as plays form, density an water maximum essential has attions, role numerous 4-degree in a anomalous C. physics, hypothetical As properties chemistry, liquid-liquid an as transition explanationdeep compared (LLT) for in to and these the other a anomalous supercooled experimental regime. liquid-liquid observa- Recently criticalX-ray a point scattering new (LLCP) (WAXS) method has of using rapid been FELs coolingand proposed (LCLS, and we SACLA, ultrafast found probing and the with PAL-XFEL) first wide-angle has experimentalfrom evidence allowed the of the LLCP.By the venture introducing existence into of optical nostudy the pulse man’s the Widom land to liquid-liquid line the transition. which setup, is pump-probe supposed type to measurements emanate are also possible to 20 ERL base FELs for future EUV lithography.technical The development detail between of the the mid-infrared project FEL will and be the presented, and future the EUV-FEL will relationship of be the discussed. switching. The magnetictransitions state at was the probed M2,3 by absorptionmagnetization edge 20.8 of direction nm cobalt. have wavelength been Small FEL applied magneticthe in fields pulses pump-pulses’ of order triggering up to polarization. resonant to induce electronic 25 aable By mT preferred to employing parallel magnetic to follow tr-mSAXS orientation the the at with sample’s rearrangements demagnetization regard FERMI’s governing to DiProI process ultrafast demagnetization beamline on have we a been observed. have sub-picosecond not timescale but only also been field dependent domain M.L. Grünbein The new megahertz (MHz) X-raysample-efficient free-electron manner. lasers However, (XFEL) this promise can only data hold collectionat true a in under rate an the commensurate extremely to condition rapid the that and XFELtion pristine pulse is sample rate, ideally is imposing suited provided severe for constraints this on taskthe sample and XFEL delivery. the Liquid pulse method jet of not injec- choice only forthe allows biological exposed to samples. sample capture However, in the diffraction high the data intensity jet.in of from The the tiny energy liquid samples, deposited jet by transporting but the the it sample. XFELducing subsequently beam Moreover, a ns-long also results shock pressure in destroys wave jumps is an launched, on explosion, propagating generating theexperiments along a performed order the gap at jet of European and 0.1-1 XFEL, pro- demonstrating GPa, that possiblyis meaningful possible affecting data at collection the 1 of sample. MHz unaffected repetition sample We rateexperiments will as performed discuss well at as recent the findings and LCLS implications using from much serial higher femtosecond X-ray crystallography repetition rate. Ultrafast Magnetization Dynamics at the Low-Fluence Limit Supported by External Magnetic Fields IR-FEL Project at the cERL and Future EUV-FEL Lithography Searching for the Hypothesized Liquid-Liquid Critical Point in Supercooled Water with X-Ray Free Electron Serial Femtosecond Crystallography at MHz XFELs

15 30 30 30 29-Aug-19 09:00 – 10:45 Auditorium (Lecture Hall A) 82 THA03 THA04 THA01 THA02 10:30 10:00 09:30 09:00

29 Aug – Thu 12:30 12:15 11:45 11:15 THB03 THB02 THB01 THB04 9Ag1 11 24 uioim(etr alA) Hall (Lecture Auditorium 12:45 – 11:15 29-Aug-19

15 15 30 30 ogtdnlPaeSaeSuyo netrBa fHg eeiinRt FEL Rate Repetition High of Beam Injector on Study Space Phase Longitudinal SwissFEL at Minimization and Measurements Emittance Effects Radiation Synchrotron Coherent 3-D to 1-D Understanding Effects Wake Resistive-Wall and Instability Microbunch Suppress to Compression E-SASE an Using hc iuaeCRdfeetyaepeetd hwn etrareetwe h rnvrepoete fthe codes of of properties number transverse a the and when account. agreement measurements into taken better experimental are showing theory, and bunch presented, down 1D are breaks the differently theory between CSR 1D comparison simulate the A which compression, extreme valid. undergoes as longer bunch chicane the no compressor When is bunch the FERMI length. present we bunch the tracking in analysis, of in (GPT) this experienced function experienced Tracer to a growth Particle forces addition emittance General In the the theory. the with for of of agreement measurements module fully good experimental showing new study, accounting A this by for magnet. developed CSR present bending was we a code of contribution, of theory this transients In 1D exit beam. and well-established a entrance of the a emittance by to transverse experienced CSR the extension particular, increase In an can produces. of it trajectory properties that curved the light a FEL of the on inﬂuence of bunch strong quality the a to have respect can with bunch (CSR) electron radiation an synchrotron coherent as such effects Collective beam electron an of proﬁle time unique effects. A wake resistive-wall experiments. subsequent the pump-probe and synchronized suppress in are energy to used that expected beam bunches be is current could electron high and an of laser train of external a in modulation the results to laser which chicane, a beam magnetic on small electron re- a based emit- an in the is and compression satisfying spreads of compression at energy brightness currents, aimed E-SASE beam scheme The the electron compression regarding reduce based lasers tances. E-SASE electron not free an X-ray does of energy study that high our of compression present quirements will beam We 100x place. take a to gap, has this bridge to order ekcretmr hnklaprs nti ae eea prahshv ensuidt eiv hseffect this relieve to lasing. studied the been for have beam approaches with compressed beam several well ideal paper the get this not get not In could could and kiloamperes. one which than problem, beam, more this the current the of within peak consequence by chirp a a deteriorated local As and the correction. and twisted harmonic spread usually the energy by beam correlated compensated injector the causes rate It repetition force. high charge the space of space phase longitudinal The Gu Q. Prat E. Brynes A.D. cur- with peak beams Ampere electron few require a lasers with free-electron beams X-ray electron energy deliver high injectors, yet photo rents as such sources, electron brightness High Anisimov P.M. eahee lc mtacsa o as low as mea- emittances our slice of entrance achieved undulator we description the a at including values Switzerland, emittance in to slice down PSI obtained We at procedures. operate SwissFEL, optimization to at and started methods out recently surement carried that measurements facility of emittance performance FEL present the X-ray we determines the contribution, that parameter this fundamental In a is (FELs). beam free-electron-lasers electron the of emittance transverse The (PSI) Schietinger T. Reiche, S. SR)Z ag(SARI-CAS) Wang Z. (SSRF) .Ab,S etn,P. Craievich, Bettoni, S. Aiba, M. , ∼ 0 mfra lcrnba ihacag f20p n nrms uainof duration r.m.s. an and pC 200 of charge a with beam electron an for nm 200 (STFC/DL/ASTeC) (LANL) THB — Chair: ∼ P. 0 mfr1 Cbaswt e etscn duration. femtosecond few with beams pC 10 for nm 100 hrdy-Lt Morning Late - Thursday iktl .Frai .Iceek .Lh,A ayhno,GL Orlandi, G.L. Malyzhenkov, A. Löhl, F. Ischebeck, R. Ferrari, E. Dijkstal, .Btoi(CERN) Bettoni S. > k ekcret ooeae In operate. to currents peak 3kA ∼ 0f.Furthermore, fs. 30 83

29 Aug – Thu Poster Area s long and used to pro- µ Thursday Poster Session — THP Vogt (DESY) Vogt (DESY) M. M. (LBNL) , (LBNL) , , V. Balandin, W. Decking, L. Fröhlich, M. Scholz (DESY) (DESY) , W. Decking (DESY) Y. Li (EuXFEL) , J.D. Good, M. Groß, I.I. Isaev, C. Koschitzki, M. Krasilnikov, S. Lal, X. Li, O. Lishilin, G. Loisch, , K. Honkavaara, J. Rönsch-Schulenburg, S. Schreiber, J. Zemella (DESY) duce a train of up tothe 2700 resonance electron frequency bunches. of The the kick gun is cavity.tion transient The in and frequency the detuning found kick within to strength the be along RF the dependentwithin macro-pulse pulse. on the results This the train. in leads detuning a Using to of 3D varia- a RF downstream field orbitsimulations distributions and are calculated size performed at change detuned to of frequencies individual simulate of bunches theand the size cavity, transient particle change kick tracking along onto a the train of bunchbeen fixed carried train. length out. is Given The estimated. a temperature of Systematic drift the measurementsthe distance, of cooling frequency the water the detuning for within orbit kick the the have gun RF meanwhile is pulse,interest. and tuned thereby allowing Experimental measurements detailed findings of characterization and the of kick simulation under results conditions will of be practical presented. M. Vogt FLASH is a unique superconducting softA X-ray refurbishment program FEL is capable ongoing. of In producing additioncompetitive. up a The to substantial current upgrade 8000 state is photon of planned pulses the to update per keep plan second. FLASH will attractive be and discussed. J. Zemella The proposed FLASH upgradelator (FLASH beamlines. 2020+) will Here rely wethat on describe aim high possible at quality improving modifications the electron tosimultaneously beam beams the and quality independently provided FLASH and for to the lattice all ability all beamlines. and to undu- the control compression critical scheme beam properties alongY. the machine Chen - D. Melkumyan, R. Niemczyk, A. Oppelt,F.Brinker, W. H.J. Decking Qian, (DESY) H. Shaker, G.We Shu, model F. and Stephan, characterize G. a Vashchenko (DESY transversethe kick Zeuthen) Photo which Injector results Test Facility from at the DESY coaxial in RF Zeuthen coupler (PITZ). in The RF the pulse L-band is RF typically gun 600 at The supports of phase space densitieslinearities as and are strong typically coherent effects. encountered in Thus these FELnot supports beamlines be can are have represented shaped quite efficiently by exotic strong shapes on non- andadaptive standard can (in regular therefore often principle meshes. n-dimensional) We tree-grid present thatdensities a discretizes are c++ non-neglibible; phase and class space (b): library with propagating highest foradapting these resolution (a): densities the only by setting grid where virtue up to of an a followthat Liouville/Vlasov the evolution simulates support while LSC of driven the micro-bunching densities.solution in of FEL Furthermore a like we solvable beamlines. non-trivial present micro-bunching an We example. benchmark application our of code this against library the explicit Micro-Bunching in FEL-like Beamlines Ph. Amstutz A well established modelultra-relativistic for bunches studying in FEL-like the beamlines micro-bunching candrift be instability maps identified and driven as Poisson by a type collective time-discrete longitudinalthe kick Vlasov general space system maps. system with charge Here and we general the in present complete anour all-orders arbitrary theory solution order against for perturbative our a approach Perron-Frobenius special tree-code. for example. For this example we benchmark pean XFEL N. Golubeva For modeling of linear focusingconstant field properties gradient of inside quadrupole of magnetslations the of the effective the conventional quadrupole linear rectangular length) beam modelmagnets is are optics (with commonly described for using used accelerators. a for moreof accurate the For Steffen Steffen the design model hard-edge for model. and linear the In calcu- optics XFEL this quadrupoles ofments paper and of we the present orbit discuss the European response the verification XFEL matrices. application of the beam optics quadrupole model with the measure- M. Scholz The Free Electron Laser European XFELundulators. aims A at good delivering overlap X-rays of fromespecially photon 0.25 and for keV electron the up beams higher to is photon 25 indispensablegood energies. to keV as obtain out Thus possible good of the on lasing three quadrupole a performance, SASE paper magnets straight we in line. will the report undulators This on must the can method be only that aligned be was as realized performed with at the a European beamSpace XFEL. Charge based We will alignment also procedure. discuss our InPh. results. Amstutz this Refurbishment and Upgrade Plans for FLASH for the Years After 2020 Optics & Compression Schemes for the FLASH 2020+ Upgrade Program Frequency Detuning Dependent Transient Coaxial RF Coupler Kick A Tree-Code for Efficiently Representing and Evolving Exotic Phase Space Densities with Application to Steffen Hard-Edge Model for Quadrupoles with Extended Fringe-Fields for Linear Beam Optics of the Euro- Beam Based Alignment in All Undulator Beamlines at European XFEL Arbitrary Order Perturbation Theory for a Time-Discrete Model of Micro-Bunching Driven by Longitudinal 29-Aug-19 14:15 – 15:45 84 THP006 THP007 THP005 THP004 THP001 THP002 THP003

29 Aug – Thu THP012 THP011 THP010 THP009 THP008 THP013 xeietlBnhakn fWkfilsa h EM E ia n nuao Line Undulator and Linac FEL FERMI the at Wakefields of Benchmarking Experimental Doubler Laser Free-Electron Robust and Simple Undulators THz-FEL for Simulations Dynamics Beam Charge Space Beams Electron Energy Low of Acceleration the for Cavity Reduced-Beta SRF Multi-Cell a of Design srOeaino u-ioeodTzChrn rniinRdainPrstct U FEL VUV a to Parasitic Radiation Transition Coherent THz Sub-Picosecond of Operation User opc E-rvnIvreCmtnSatrn am-a Source Gamma-Ray Scattering Compton Inverse FEL-Driven Compact ie hr atcetakn ofim h iie mato h eitv alwkfil ntelsn process. lasing the on facility. the wakefield in wall effects resistive collective undulator of the the understanding of to good overall impact extended an then limited reveals mea- is the study with modelling The confirms benchmarked Wakefields tracking is coherent model. particle FEL of the where FERMI and of the line, wakefields accuracy at (diffractive) the distribution quantifying geometric energy so of beam surements, effect electron simulated minimize the model the that on reliable parameters work, radiation with a this synchrotron configured If In and designed (FELs). effect. be lasers can disrupting free-electron accelerator their the wavelength available, short made of is accelerators wakefields performance linear of in the beams degrade electron brightness can high and of dynamics (linacs), the affect wakefields as such effects Collective Mitri Di S. FEL FERMI the at radia- feasibility the its demonstrate of simulations incidence numerical of Detailed angle station. and facility. end intensity FEL user timing, two-color the color, two-pulse, at the pulses existing of experimental tion w.r.t. control same operation independent the for of to allows flexibility sent and improved are schemes, offers pulses photon solution en- synchronized, two proposed low naturally the The at are when bunch beamlets station. enabled electron electron are two an the experiments of Since probe portions energy. pump-FEL high longitudinal FEL at two separation of spatial FEL selection their two physical on of operation and the ergy, simultaneous on the relies for suitable doubler doubler The (FEL) Laser lines. Free-Electron a of design Institute) the (Cockcroft present We Thompson N. (STFC/DL/ASTeC) Thompson N. Gorica) Nova Mitri Di S. to respect with models numerical opera- discussed. underlying different is the for performance of runtime fields validity and radiation completeness the and Furthermore, physical retardation in undulator. of dynamics the effects beam of the the conditions analyze investigate tion we retardation and os- DESY-PITZ contribution, the include of this by not undulator In generated THz dynamics. does radiation the beam synchrotron approach the Furthermore, this influence However, the will trajectories. particles in oscillatory cillating models bunch. on charge beams of particle space particle aspect the electrostatic for important of simplified effects very frame use a codes rest are electron dynamics transformed simulations energy beam low Lorentz dynamics Many the beam nC. of charge 4 studies. to dynamics space design up the Hence, THz-FEL charges influences bunch undulator. strongly particle the interaction with inside energy charge beam bunch space MeV mode, 16.7 at operation operate this will In DESY-PITZ at FEL SASE THz The Schmid S.A. Bazyl D.B. ee htn n hto h lcrnba,rsligi eiemc oecmatta lsi C o a for ICS scat- 10 classic the a the in than of gamma-rays compact produce energy more to 10 much the used the device is in between beam radiation a relationship electron in same resulting stronger The beam, energy. a electron scattered laser introduces given the free-electron scheme of a that in This and generated photons beam itself. tered In- (UV) beam on ultra-violet based electron intensity gamma-rays the high multi-MeV a by quasi-monochromatic, from of (ICS) source Scattering compact Compton a verse of feasibility the explore We (SLAC) Placidi M. simulations. cavity dynamics reduced-beta beam 6-cell of GHz results 3 the SRF present the we growth. of addition, spread In design energy mechanical type. minimised and elliptic a existing electromagnetic of with the the beams the discuss replace electron we will of energy work cavity low One this new accelerate In The to to allow order beam. designed. In will been electron and section. has accelerating section the cavity energy capture reduced-beta of low SRF the spread is an S-DALINAC energy problem the this longitudinal at overcome spread the energy further current for minimising the requirements is for critical sources the regime major of ERL One the tests. ERL in first operation the passed successfully has S-DALINAC the Recently, vrtefl adit.B iteo t mlmnaini nFLba upln,ti okmgtstimulate might work this FELs. X-ray line, and dump 80 VUV beam to to FEL self-synchronized up and an parasitic for in beamlines THz, implementation multi-THz 8.5 its user-oriented of of to development virtue up the By extending and bandwidth. full THz the 1 beamline over TeraFERMI around syn- coherent the at of at peaks interplay observations the intensity Experimental exploiting optics. confirm by beam FEL, electron FERMI electron and the the instability of by radiation line range chrotron beam spectral dump frequency beam in the Lupi extended in S. and manipulation intensity beam (Coherentia) in Lupi enhanced S. is (PhLAM/CERCLA) Frascati) radiation Roussel C.R. transition E. Coherent (ENEA (IOM-CNR) Giannessi Trieste Piccirilli F. L. (Elettra-Sincrotrone Rome) Veronese Gorica) of Nova University M. (Sapienza Trovò, of (University M. Ninno Spezzani, De C. G. Spampinati, S.C.p.A.) S. Roussel, Ribiˇc, E. Rebernik P. chi, Mitri Di S. .Ahah,E lai,L aao .D in,P iPer,G ao .Gansi .Pno .Peruc- A. Penco, G. Giannessi, L. Gaio, G. Pietro, P. Di Ninno, De G. Badano, L. Allaria, E. Adhlakha, N. , .D in,R ars .Sapnt EetaSnrtoeTiseSCpA)G eNno(nvriyof (University Ninno De G. S.C.p.A.) Trieste (Elettra-Sincrotrone Spampinati S. Fabris, R. Ninno, De G. , .Suai(ltr-icorn ret .... .Vne,R ecv Uiest fTrieste) of (University Vescovo R. Venier, C. S.C.p.A.) Trieste (Elettra-Sincrotrone Sturari L. , .D esm ...Mle TM,T amtd)J nes .Wi T Darmstadt) (TU Weih S. Enders, J. Darmstadt) TU (TEMF, W.F.O. Müller Gersem, De H. , .Pn LN), (LBNL) Penn G. , .D esm .Goa TM,T Darmstadt) TU (TEMF, Gjonaj E. Gersem, De H. , -15 Vrne na in range, eV S. Di ir EetaSnrtoeTiseSCpA)C elgii(CA .Pellegrini C. (UCLA) Pellegrini C. S.C.p.A.) Trieste (Elettra-Sincrotrone Mitri ∼ x2m otrn system. footprint m2 4x22 µ us nryintegrated energy pulse J -20 e ag n UV and range MeV 85

29 Aug – Thu (SINAP) (TUB) , W.-H. Huang, C.-X. Tang (TUB) A. Chao (SLAC) , X.J. Deng, C.-X. Tang, C.-X. Tang (TUB) (KEK) , H.X. Deng (SINAP) H.X. Deng (SARI-CAS) , H.X. Deng (SINAP) H.X. Deng (SARI-CAS) , Z. Chen, G.K. Cheng, D.X. Dai, H.L. Ding, Z.G. He, L. Huang, Q.M. Li, Z.B. Li, L. Shi, J.T. Sun, K. Tao, Y.H. Tian, D. Zhou The fields generated by ausing point the charge mode expansion moving method. parallel In toimpedance combination the driven with the axis by impedance a of theory, the point adistributions Green-function charge rectangular can form be can chamber of computed the be can numerically. formulated. be This paperthe calculated summarizes Consequently, existing our the theories. findings wakefields and of also show a comparisons beam to with various Y. Yu G.L. Wang, Z.Q. Wang, G.R. Wu, J.Y.Dalian Yang, X.M. Coherent Yang, W.Q. Light Zhang (DICP) Source (DCLS)(EUV) wavelength is region from a 50 free-electron to 150mode laser nm, with (FEL) it mainly the facility operates on seed working theSpontaneous laser High in Gain Emission wavelength the Harmonic Generation (SASE) ranging extreme (HGHG) mode. from ultraviolet excellent 240 As electron to with bunch 360 other nm, is FELs,malized needed, although transverse in it including emittance, order proper can the electron to also bunch transverse acquirecurrent. energy, run and small high-quality in energy Due longitudinal FEL spread, Self to properties, especially radiation, Amplified the high such the tor and nonlinearity as T566 flat of peak of small sinusoidal bunch nor- accelerated compressor,compressed, microwave the and so high the we and are second flat planning order peakaccelerator to compression microwave current install fac- before cannot an the be bunch X-band achievedlinear compressor. decelerated when bunch tube This the compression working paper of electron DCLS, on focuses bunch and on the is the the fourth simulation beam harmonic results dynamics by of Elegant design the and of the the D. analysis Huang will be presented. The SHINE project in Chinaelectron aims laser at facility. the The nextquality FEL high generation lasing. high quality As repetation electron the prerequisite, ratethe beam the and LSC, microbuncing is instability high CSR thus introduced and power by requested hard wakefields thebeam in nonlinear in X-ray will not effects the the free meet such the bunch linac as requirements compressing of to lasing.instability process generate In in must this the such article, be linac the a taken microbunching of effects SHINE care high including are of, the estimated, gain otherwise of and the several the ways electron for theJ.W. control Yan of the instability are proposed. In recent years, the large-bandwidthcrystallography, XFEL in operation which schemes overcompression are isthrough proposed a increasing for promising the X-ray scheme spectroscopy electron topoint and beam of produce X-ray the energy linac broad-bandwidth is chirp. XFEL treated as pulses nondominated a sorting In many-objective genetic (having this algorithm four III or work, (NSGA-III) more istime. objectives) finding applied optimization to Start-to-end out problem, the simulations thus beam the demonstrate the dynamic a optimization overcompression forlaser full working the user bandwidth first facility. of 4.79% for the Shanghai soft X-ray free-electron J.W. Yan Transverse deflecting structures (TDS) havegitudinal been phase widely space used diagnostics instructure of should modern electron be free beams. well electron optimized. To lasertics In achieve of this facilities the high paper, for deflecting the resolution, structure lon- evolutionary of the algorithm SHINEin after is optics high the introduced repetition of undulator. rate to In the through optimize addition, adjusting the deflecting we the op- propose phase to of separate the electron TDS. beams X.J. Deng Microbunching is and will continueThough the in great the power years of togle microcbunching come is particle to from effects collective be will effects, oneinvestigate be a of the of systematic the investigation single value accelerator of to particle physics relatedtance better dynamics sin- in research benefiting CHG, of focus. bunch from microbunching slicing and microbunching. with FEL in emphasis which In precision on this manipulations of their paper longitudinal manifestation phase we space and are reviewX.J. involved. impor- and Deng re- In this paper, microbunching enhancementreviewed techniques with making some use new examples ofare presented. the emphasized. adiabatic The trapping applications mechanism of are these techniques to FEL and IFELY. Zhang research A new method for bunchmethod, compression an based electron on beam can transverse be andation compressed with longitudinal to much coupling several better is tens temporal of proposed. coherence nanometers. can be Using And generated. this hence a high harmonic radi- Mode Expansion Method Applied to the Calculation of Space Charge Impedance The X-Band Linear Compression System in Dalian Coherent Light Source Study of Microbunching Instability in SHINE Linac Large Bandwidth X-Ray Free Electron Laser Operation Mode of SXFEL User Facility Deflecting Cavity Dynamics for Time-Resolved Machine Studies of SHINE Single Particle Dynamics of Microbunching Microbunching Enhancement by Adiabatic Trapping Longitudinal Strong Focusing and High Harmonic Generation 86 THP015 THP016 THP017 THP018 THP019 THP020 THP022 THP014

29 Aug – Thu THP027 THP026 THP025 THP024 THP023 aito nryLs nPaa nuao n pcr iuainFeatures Simulation Spectra and Undulator Planar in Loss Energy Radiation Bunches Electron Dense Stabilized of Radiation Coherent Spontaneous Cavity GHz 1.3 Nine-Cell Superconducting of Kick RF iuainadOtmzto fteTasotBaln o h ooE FGun RF NovoFEL the for Beamline Transport the of Optimization and Simulation Undulator Planar of Field Three-Dimensional Sinusoidal in Trajectories Electron eeta h omlepomn fepesos ntal eie o h xdeeto nry a produce can energy, electron fixed the for shown derived was It initially derived. expressions, is account, of into results. unless employment taken mistaken wider properly formal be undulator much the should of loss be that number energy critical here will electron the of for line effect expression presented spectral the An the numerically. when In radiation and periods, tapering). analytically the (undulators analyzed effect result, was loss effect energy a this the report, As compensate to different or taken from are radiation synchronism. thousand actions the to corrective trajectory, of up special its out range along is decrease total drop energy undulator in electron will the periods the undulator of undulators of because of periods case, many number where this of a built, In number been and more. have even the another installations after long if facilities, one account FEL installed at into However, are 200. taken its undulators - of not 100 about expenses usually is the that is at small, effect relatively radiation This electromagnetic generates energy. undulator kinetic an own through passing electron relativistic A repulsion Smolyakov N.V. to not leads bunch the through inside attraction. electrons mutual field of their Coulomb motion to the the but by when of electrons and case regime, of fields the "negative-mass" in wave the place self-radiated in takes by latter undulator compression The the bunch propose bunch. We axial a the inside used. the of fields be on Coulomb length should based bunch quasi-static region the stabilization the interaction of the electron-wave in stabilization of long increase sponta- methods for a an several of over methods motion regime to special its the Therefore, due during of limited e-bunch bunches. implementation are operating dense effective emission for the of radiation complicates type coherent This real- neous such repulsion. the of Coulomb for radiation. process used the coherent be the under spontaneous can length of on bunches based duration Such bunches sources nC. and electron terahertz 1 power powerful dense to The compact up of and of sources simple charges compact relatively and of durations, of pulse ization formation ps MeV, the 3-6 allow of beams energies with electron dense of sources Modern cavity. the of factor Oparina quality Yu.S. loaded the determines directed which is antenna, attention FPC to Particular the forward of the attention. depth of little penetration ratio received the the of has studied on role which explicitly been the coupler, to depends has the FPC dilution at the the waves emittance by on traveling resulting induced backward The depend kick the the the However, which phase. literature. of RF kicks, the the symmetry in coupler two and axial detail with asymmetrical couplers in the equipped the axially break at is experience which position cavity therefore (FPC), beam TESLA transverse electrons coupler The power passing lasers. fundamental The electron a free cavity. and rate couplers in repetition mode electrons high order accelerate in to higher as used such Physics, widely Applied trains, are of cavities bunch Institute TESLA-type long Shanghai Superconducting the at Sciences. development of supercon- under Academy a now on Chinese is based China, XFEL hard in first structure the accelerated (SHINE), ducting facility light extreme and XFEL high-repetition-rate Shanghai Guo J.J. iuae n h eut eecmae.Tersligba aaeesmesrqieet fteNovosi- the of requirements meets were parameters experiments beam These resulting ERL. phases. The facility emission FEL compared. gun birsk were RF results various the for the and measured emit- addition, strongly were simulated In of parameters is optimization. sources gun beam the dynamics Main during output RF ASTRA. influence beam gun the their code the decrease RF of the to order keV) with optimization in account (290 and considered were into simulation energy degradation taken tance of beam operate were results to low forces option describes Space-charge the an paper to beamline. keeps The transport that Due way forces. a well. space-charge in as by designed beamline gun influenced is transport It electrostatic The bend. old power. achromatic radiation the ninety-degree average with the current the beam uses increasing average gun the thus RF increasing We and allow the recently. will rate) for It Physics repetition facility. Nuclear FEL beam Novosibirsk of higher the Institute of to Budker ERL (due at the upgrade tested to and it developed use was to plan gun RF CW low-frequency new A Davidyuk, I.V. Matveev along. the phenomena A.S. on focusing influence well-known the field to undulator reduced the be actually cannot often that and means complicated It is trajectory approximate method. can electron correspondent averaging which the the from trajectories, considerably through computed differ numerically obtained occasions frequent that solutions on paper merit, ap- this of by figure numerically, in averaging as solved shown considered be of is be can It means motion of by algorithm. equations the Runge-Kutta found the the in be hand, plying electrons other can the for properties, On equations oscillations. focusing motion short-length hor- these of the (both over describe solutions properties approximate which focusing The field, the by field. magnetic influenced magnetic 3-dimensional is the undulator of an vertical) in and trajectory izontal electron the that well-known is It Smolyakov N.V. Uiest fCieeAaeyo cecs .G SNP .G (SSRF) Gu Q. (SINAP) Gu Q. Sciences) of Academy Chinese of (University ..Dvdu,OA hvhno ..Thsio,NA iouo,V okv(IPS RAS) SB (BINP Volkov V. Vinokurov, N.A. Tcheskidov, V.G. Shevchenko, O.A. Davidyuk, I.V. , ..Matveev A.S. ..Bamn ..Svlv(A/A)N aa,Y.Lre(re University) (Ariel Lurie Yu. Balal, N. (IAP/RAS) Savilov A.V. Bratman, V.L. , (NRC) (NRC) ..Vnkrv(NSU) Vinokurov N.A. , 87

29 Aug – Thu Lee, M.-C. Lin, G.-H. Luo, K.L. Tsai (NSRRC) A. Chao, A.P. Lee (NSRRC) A.P. , M.J. de Loos (Pulsar Physics) A.D. Brynes, P.H.Williams (STFC/DL/ASTeC) S. Di Mitri (Elettra- (STFC/DL/ASTeC) , S. Rimjaem (Chiang Mai University) S. Rimjaem (ThEP Center, Commission on Higher Education) , H.P.Hsueh, W.K. Lau, , A. Dax, E. Ferrari, M. Huppert, A. Trisorio, C. Vicario (PSI) , C.K. Chan, C.-H. Chang, C.-C. Chang, C.H. Chen, M.C. Chou, Chou, P.J. F.Z.Hsiao, K.T. Hsu, H.P.Hsueh, A driver linac system withFEL dogleg test bunch facility. compressor has However,errors been performance and designed imperfection of for of the the magnetic proposed dogleg fields.magnets NSRRC and compressor A sreen seeded number monitors is VUV will of considered be stripline-type installed to beam alongof the position be orbit beamline monitors, for correction sensitive orbit monitoring with corrector and to MAD steering. alignment Considerations showing Simulation of results that orbit the control and satisfactory optical orbit function control measurements can for this be linac obtained system under willW.K. certain Lau be errors. discussed. K.H. Hu, C.-S. Hwang, J.-Y. Hwang, J.C. Jan, C.K. Kuan, S. Bettoni Shot noise or an initialLaser intensity (FEL) modulation linacs in and theinstability also may beam severely be pulse triggered degrade by may the a have shot-noisethe machine mechanism a electron and/or performances bunch, strong by in some and effect initial amplified terms in modulationsinstability. in of at the We the the discuss FEL Free machine. generation the of performances. Electron recent The commissioning laserInstitut. of This heater this We is present device both the at the device SwissFEL, characterization typically the ofwell. used FEL the to electron facility beam at mitigate and the this the Paul effect Scherrer on the lasing performances as Facility C.H. Chen J. Wu (SLAC) S.Y. Teng (NTHU) Limited by the NSRRC Accelerator Test(FEL) Area (ATA) test tunnel facility length, previous has design toseeded, of be the fourth modified. VUV harmonic free In electron HGHG this laser bunch FEL report, compressor driven we that present by aimed a a togion. new 250 generate It design employs MeV ultrashort of helical high intense undulators the for coherent brightness facilityproduce enhancement radiation which electron of hundreds laser-beam in of is linac interaction MW a the in system VUV 200-nm the vacuum radiation with modulatortor ultraviolet with and of dogleg wavelength re- radiator 20-mm as to period short length. as 50THU24 A nm undulator 200-nm from and seed a micro-bunching laser THU20 is for twin accomplishedThe beam helical by facility energy undula- a layout modulation ’small and in chicane’ FEL the before output the periodic performance beam magnet will is field be sent of reported. to a THU20. tron Lasers N. Chaisueb A linac-based light source foroped generation at the of Plasma infrared and freeof Beam electron the Physics lasers facility Research (FELs) Facility, consists Chiang has mainlyof Mai been of University, an Thailand. designed alpha an and The magnet S-band devel- injector and thermionicmat system a cathode systems travelling-wave RF are linac gun, used structure. a toseparate Due pre-bunch beamlines turn to are compressor around followed the in the these space the beamand two limitation, form and the achromat two systems. also other 180-degree utilized is The achro- as for firstundulator a beamline generation radiation. is post of Thus, for magnetic THz this generation bunch FEL.the can of magnetic compressor. In MIR be bunch this compressor FEL called Two are work, conducted as we toentrance. the obtain focus Start-to-end pre-bunched the beam optimal only THz dynamic electron on simulations FEL. beam using properties the Designperformed ASTRA at of coherent code and the to undulator and presented the optimize in injector high-power electron this beam THz system paper. parameters and are S.B. van der Geer Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A.) I. Setija (ASML NetherlandsFor B.V.) future applications of high-brightnessrect electron simulation beams, of Coherent including Synchrotron the Radiationunacceptable design (CSR) levels. is of However, essential the next as long generation it interactiontion, FEL’s, cor- lengths potentially and compared degrades to difficult beam the quality 3D bunch to retardationease length, conditions the numerical computational make cancella- burden, accurate CSR codes simulation oftentravelling of make on CSR severe a simplifications prescribed effects such reference notoriously as trajectory. an Here difficult.ticle we ultra-relativistic Tracer bunch report To (GPT) on a code CSR that modelpotentials implemented avoids based in on most the the General of stored Par- the historyinto of usual account the the assumptions: beam. transverse It It size makes of directly no the evaluates assumptions beam, the about and reference supports Liénard-Wiechert trajectories, rollover takes compression. N. Thompson FEL schemes such as High-Brightness SASEundulator and sections. Mode-Locking These require schemes electron have beam beentron delays shown inserted beam in between simulations delays to are performminimise most very the effectively disruption close when to the to the elec- FEL isochronous, processpossible. in i.e. In the this inter-undulator paper gaps, the we these study delays firstoperating must the at order also maximum 6 be longitudinal longitudinal as GeV space compact dispersion before that as the aimum is delay peak longitudinal very chicane power dispersion could drops small. of occupy below in a the an To defined delay XFEL threshold, chicanes. and we We present then a present limit the for optical the designs max- of two chicanes that An Updated Design of the NSRRC Seeded VUV Free Electron Laser Test Facility Laser Heater Commissioning at the SwissFEL Facility Considerations of Orbit Control and Optical Function Measurement for the Proposed NSRRC VUV FEL Test Simulation and Optimization of Electron Beam Properties for Generation of a Pre-bunched THz Free Elec- A CSR Model Based on Retarded LW Potentials Compact Isochronous Chicanes for XFEL Applications THP030 THP029 THP031 THP032 THP033 88 THP028

29 Aug – Thu THP040 THP039 THP037 THP036 THP035 THP034 irbnhRtto o adXRyBa Multiplexing Beam X-Ray Hard for Rotation Microbunch FELs X-Ray High-Repetition-Rate for Shaping Beam Emission Electron Free X-Ray Seeded and Suppression Instability Microbunching for Shaping Laser etscn -a bopinSetocp tteSSIsrmn fErpa XFEL European of Instrument SCS the at Spectroscopy Absorption X-Ray Femtosecond Line Split-and-Delay X-Ray Hard by Enabled Sources Laser Electron Free at Dynamics Ultrafast Studying Wakefields CSR for Model One-Dimensional Novel A aito ta nl fstfo h nta emai.Mcouc oainwsdmntae experimentally demonstrated producing was axis, rotation off Microbunch lase axis. will by beam X-rays undu- rotated, initial final soft the properly a from with if in offset lase undulators, angle to upstream an allowed at in and radiation beamlines developed separate microbunches into The kicked achieved are be lator. bunches can preserve multiplexing electron to beam saturation, ability X-ray the to example, the For from prior benefit enable kick. if, could dipole which applications a FEL experiences microbunches, bunch Many or a FEL. when SASE fluctuations, microbunching a density in power periodic X-ray of develop gain undulator exponential an in bunches Electron University) (Stanford Margraf R.A. Ding Y. aug- future and existing for FELs. designs X-ray heater and laser engineered linacs seeding of brightness generation self mented next X-ray seeded the soft FEL fuel on monochromatic will LH highly results obtained LG01 These and the spectra. brightness, of spectral impact or the suppres- monochromaticity studied its instability resulting also and microbunching the have performance We on from operations. improvement Directly routine of heater to spread. evidence compared laser controlled show sion the with we of e-beam distribution, mode the energy transverse of Experimen- e-beam its (LG01) distribution heated operation. 01 and energy FEL Laguerre-Gaussian Gaussian instability of a a microbunching modes that induces advanced e-beam demonstrate (LH) modes other to the laser as LCLS well of diverse employ as suppression of we performance tally, shaping better FEL spatial in X-ray of self-seeded resulting on role (FEL) impact the lasers on electron results free experimental in and studies theoretical present We (SLAC) Vetter S. Tang, J. Ratner, D.F. Moeller, S.P. Carbajo practically S. realised be could designs these how show and quadrupoles. high-field isochronicity small-aperture and using length of requirements the satisfy eetSatrn SS ntuetta snwoeainla h otXrybac AE fErpa XFEL. European of SASE3 branch X-ray soft the at operational Co- now and Spectroscopy is the that at offered instrument techniques (SCS) experimental Scattering the of herent one is (XAS) Zhu spectroscopy J. absorption Teichmann, X-ray M. Schlappa, J. Scherz, A. Reich, A. (EuXFEL) Mercurio, G. Mercadier, L. Maltezopoulos, Th. Guyader, Le L. Yaroslavtsev A.A. development present also We device. therein. split-and-delay-line processes compact physical future new of the discovery of wide the a enable of liquid will dynamics and a underlying systems in the of suspended elucidate variety nanoparticles to promises of capability motions This Brownian ultrafast timescales. LCLS measure nanosecond-picosecond at demon- on to experiments device, XPCS used ultrafast were split-and-delay first pulses of the FEL of development split results where by the and sources capability show delay We XFEL and time at femtosecond-precision pulses delays. its X-ray dynamics strate time individual ultrafast splitting nanosecond probing of to towards capable femto- step system, struc- introducing split-and-delay important time crystal-based intrinsic an the perfect report to prototype we due a feasible Here, using not experimentally source. is the ns of 222 Free than X-ray ture shorter at pump/X-ray X-ray scales topics an time key or at the Spectroscopy Correlation technique of Center) Photon probe one X-ray SPring-8 is with dynamics nanoseconds (RIKEN Studying to Osaka sources. femtoseconds Laser T. from Electron ranging (KRISS) scales Lee time on S. matter (ANL) Probing Stephenson B. University) (McGill Hruszkewycz, Sutton S. M. (SLAC) Robert A.R. oss, along model Roseker W.R. 1D length the bunch of the validity compressor. of the bunch variation analyze FEL We account trajectory. an into beam of takes implementation In curvilinear typical that arbitrary a for wake lattice. the in valid CSR magnetic is that 1D formula a assume a The through space for orbit. propagates formula free the a beam in derive the wakefield we when (CSR) paper, constant radiation this remains synchrotron coherent distribution the bunch of longitudinal models 1D existing The Stupakov G. work in described further conference. is this out-coupling X-ray which at to hard Marcus for rotation G. concept these by microbunch the reproduce presented the (RAFEL), to Laser apply efforts Free-Electron also Regenerative-Amplifier describe We a we from simulations. Here Genesis using X-rays. experiments hard multiplexing of multiplexing demonstrated data 2018 octupoles. with chicane a com- in before high terms chirp results. optics to beam shaping order due the beam higher these manipulating preferred the discuss by modifying not will LCLS2 by We the is and at devices, method options corrugated high- invasive few with to a beam pression studied concept linac, recently shaping We superconducting beam concerns. a the power by Applying driven includes others. FELs im- This and repetition-rate for scheme. manipulation self-seeding role like dechirper important mode an method, operating plays special horn-collimation LCLS supporting and as performance such lasing FELs the accelerator-based proving normal-conducting the at shaping Beam ...Bn,YM ooho (SLAC) Nosochkov Y.M. Bane, K.L.F. , .J ekr .Hag .Kzw´si ..Lmn,W i,AA umn .Mru,TJ Maxwell, T.J. Marcus, G. Lutman, A.A. Liu, W. Lemons, Krzywiński, R.A. J. Huang, Z. Decker, F.-J. , (SLAC) .Hag ..Mcrhr .Mru SA)XJ eg(U)Z un,J.P. MacArthur, Huang, Z. (TUB) Deng X.J. (SLAC) Marcus G. J.P. MacArthur, Huang, Z. , .Güe,FL emülr .Rsv .ShleShepn,M pug .Wlhr(EY .Fu- P. (DESY) Walther M. Sprung, M. Schulte-Schrepping, H. Rysov, R. Lehmkühler, F.L. Grübel, G. , .Aawl .Bor,R aly ..Dlt,F itih .Grsmv,J rnr,M Izquierdo, M. Grünert, J. Gerasimova, N. Dietrich, F. Delitz, J.T. Carley, R. Broers, C. Agarwal, N. , aAtu tal. et MacArthur n ucee nmlilxn CSit he -a em.Additional beams. X-ray three into LCLS multiplexing in succeeded and ..Margraf R.A. 89

29 Aug – Thu 200 ps. An interferometer is used < 10 cm characteristic size range giving estimates of beam direc- J. The photon-matter interaction takes place in a vacuum cham- < µ (QST) (POSTECH) Y.W. Parc (PAL) , W. Hillert, P.Rauer, J. Roßbach (University of Hamburg, Institut für Experimentalphysik) H. Sinn (Eu- , Y. Chang, D.X. Dai, H.L. Ding, Z.G. He, Q.M. Li, Z.B. Li, Z.J. Luo, L. Shi, K. Tao, Y.H. Tian, G.R. Wu, O and SO2). This proof-of-principle experiment illustrates the potential for using Time-Sliced Ion Veloc- (Double Helix Art LLC) G.H. Biallas (JLab) D. Douglas (Douglas Consulting) H. Freund (University of New 2 tor sizes, system operating range,parameters dwell for times, the optical FEL power and and accelerator.semi-continuously Such desired over a periods wavelengths system of leading could several to significantly years. the reduce the technical debris count by operating to measure displacement and asonic knife waves. edge A thermoreflectance method method to is detect usedused to to angular investigate deposit changes thermal an properties. due energy A to amount pulsedber. the of UV With about laser a propagation (pump) cryogenic 1 of is cooler ultra- the temperaturethe can material be properties adjusted down in to a 50 way K, that which it gives the optimizes possibility the to stability change conditions forR. a Hajima Bragg reflector. Generation of gamma photons fromlasers Compton as scattering proven is by one HIGSimental of at the layout Duke promising in applications University. a of laserexperiments. Monte free-electron Compton Carlo Geant4 scattered simulations is gamma are a source essentialwide software facility collaboration. for toolkit as optimizing for We well an Monte implemented as Carlo exper- amodel analyzing simulations laser provides results and a Compton of developed scattered primary gamma-ray continuously gamma particleparameters by source source at world- in to laser Geant4. generate Compton gamma Thesimulation scattering. photons implemented codes with and In arbitrary experimental this results electron are paper, and presented. benchmarking laser of beam the implemented modelZ. with Chen other J.Y. Yang, X.M. Yang, Y. Yu,Bristol) K.J. Yuan, W.Q. Zhang, Z.G.Time-Sliced Ion Zhang, Velocity J.M. imaging was Zhou implemented (DICP)photodissociation at M.N.R. dynamics. the Ashfold free High electron (University quality laser of energy in(O2, and H Dalian angular to distributions investigate were molecular recordedity for Imaging small in molecules order to study photodissociation processes. K.M. Nam Photolithography technology is the core parthaving of stronger the semiconductor power for manufacturing higher process. throughput. Itwhich has ERL required can based light EUV produce FEL the is light emergingrepresented. over as It accelerates a 10 40 next pC kW. generation electron In beam EUV this13.5 to source 600 study, nm MeV first, and and produces EUV-FEL 37 EUV,whose design, kW. wavelength Second,suitable and which for multiturn power is are industrial based use. based design As on is a singlethe result, represented. the turn, size It electron was is beam improved was compactness reduced able to to topractical make obtain about industrialization the it potential half kinetic more of energy without ERL-based and reducing photolithography. circulate, and the power greatly. This studyG. is Neil expected to increaseMexico) the D.O. Neil (Private Address) R.R. WhitneyRecent (BNNT, advances LLC) in the technologiesage of current high-power at Free low emittance, Electron approachesfocusing, Lasers for mitigation (FELs), improved of e.g., energy CSR extraction injectors brightness through withFEL dilution, wiggler high operation and tapering aver- feasible. high with current strong Such energy FELsA recovery would ground-based now utilize render device very maturing is high designs capablemajor power for of issue 4K eliminating in superconducting orbital the linear debris operation accelerators. estimated of in 500,000 satellites low low and Earth Earth manned orbits. space orbit missions. Such objects debris in Effective has methods become exist a for targeting an The beamline photon energy range (400-3000M eV) edges covers of the rare-earths, important K L edges of absorptionthe light edges XAS elements of such with transition as metals, X-ray oxygen. pulse Thethe durations pulse X-ray structure down of Gas to SASE3 Monitor few allows measuring (XGM) fs.mitted and The intensity, the transmission respectively. Transmission XAS Intensity XGM measurements Monitorin are allows (TIM) realized gases. non-invasive to by measurement record using TIM of the is incidentdiamond) pulse the and measured energy trans- intensity with using detector the photoionization based micro-channelnormal plate on emission. (MCP) the Both detectors X-ray devices mounted fluorescencewith detect under from a the different the single X-rays angles solid pulse in from stateminutes. resolution. a the scintillator wide The (CVD photon time energy required range for and obtaining provide the the data good output dataI. Bahns statistics is ofXFEL) the order of few The interaction of an X-rayconstant which free has electron a laser direct (XFEL)vibration. influence on with the The a stability dynamical Bragg of reflector thermoelasticelement-method the can effects (FEM) reflection conditions cause using of and a the the can assumptions changewith photon-matter-interaction also measured of of are excite signals continuums an the modes simulated in-house mechanics. of experimental lattice with pump-probe setup To amethods, has compare that finite- been all the built use up simulation ultrafast which photodiodes results uses resulting three in different a temporal resolution Implementation of a Laser Compton Scattered Gamma Source in Geant4 Imaging Molecular Photodissociation Dynamics at the Dalian Coherent Light Source (DCLS) The Simulation Study for Single and Multi Turn ERL Based EUV FEL High Power FELs for Orbital Debris Removal Interaction of Powerful Electro-Magnetic Fields With Bragg Reflectors 90 THP042 THP043 THP044 THP045 THP041

29 Aug – Thu THP051 THP050 THP049 THP048 THP047 THP046 osblt fAdn lte ola h uoenXFEL European the at Foil Slotted a Adding of Possibility Waveguides With Generation THz Based Beam COXINEL on Laser Electron Free Based Electron Plasma Laser Towards Progress ELI-Beamlines at Development Laser Electron Free Compact Laser-Driven Nanostructures Graphene in Nano-Laser Electron Free eeaigTan fAtscn ussa oagFe-lcrnLaser Free-Electron Pohang at Pulses Attosecond of Trains Generating a egnrtdb h neto fasotdfi sn DI rcigadls simulations. loss that and doses tracking BDSIM radiation using possible foil of major slotted study a a the is of present foil insertion we the slotted demonstrated paper, by a generated this been by com- be In caused has bunch can losses scheme cryomodules. the radiation downstream advanced however, at the This XFEL, foil for European slot bunch. concern fa- the double electron At electron LCLS. a the free the of inserting the at emittance by at experimentally the generated pulses spoil be X-ray to can sub-femtosecond location pulses and pressor femtosecond femtosecond color generate two to and used cilities, be can foil Ingenierías) slotted e Ciencias A de División Guanajuato, de (Universidad Chávez Liu S. which options THz high-power available of range accelerator a a and present discuss users. We imaging, and accommodate waveguides. spectroscopy, XFEL could of European probe types the various pump toward in oriented generation e.g. study THz beam-based case for discuss applications we paper of this range In applications. broad a has radiation THz A Lemery variation. F. gap controlled. undulator be with can tuned linewidth along easily undulator The is travelling wavelength achieved. beam is The electron 2.6% typ- generation. the of the photon stability of exhibits afferent wavelength modelling undulator the the cryo-ready of with period and line agreement mm the in 18 The long pattern, amplifica- adjusted. m spatio-spectral FEL independently 2 undulator enabling are a ical dispersion selection, by and energy radiated position the emission electron emittance spontaneous for The for measured slit parameters. strength a reference variable with baseline of equipped for quadrupoles tion chicane magnet decompression permanent FEL, a beam using the for and (ERC340015), line, used COXINEL handing manipulation experiment accelerators test a conventional the in On from new requirements. controlled these FEL than is promising. the of larger fulfil application very to divergence, qualifying manipulated appears and a be distance to as spread have viewed short energy be very The can in challenging, LPAs. beam very emerging though GeV (FEL), several Laser to Electron Free up The with (Weiz- (LPA) Smartzev Ben- S. acceleration C. Malka, (LOA) plasma V. Thaury (SOLEIL) Laser (PhLAM/CERLA) C. Szwaj Valléau Physics) Tafzi, C. Science, A. M. Roussel, of Phuoc, Tavakoli, Institute E. Ta mann Evain, K.T. K. C. Kononenko, Sebdaoui, Bielawski, O.S. Mar- S. O. M. Goddet, J.-P. (ESRF) Loulergue, Gautier, abderrahmane Rommeluère, A. J. P. Lestrade, Corde, A. Espinos, S. Leclercq, Andriyash, Oumbarek N. I.A. Lambert, D. G. Labat, Marteau, F. M. Kitegi, couillé, C.A. Khojoyan, M. Hubert, N. beaux, An report. X-FELs. Couprie this laser-driven M.-E. of frame of in generation presented charac- be next to undulator. will used a generation FEL instrumentations photon to all the beam, of way electron of description plasma, a a unit laser, and the open features single demon- terize design will a to including project project in order LUIS in power LUIS the parameters of photon the overview beam SASE-FEL of electron the realization the of of successful improvement saturation A the and is amplification project University the the the with strate of collaboration goal in The ELI-Beamlines LWFA-driven at The Hamburg. preparation Hz. Laser. under of 25 Electron currently Free to is rate up "LUIS", repetition called rate high project, compact repetition has FEL the parameters the of beam with development electron LWFA Joules future the in 10 of potential improvement to great constant up with energy development laser pulse new laser of ELI- the Combination the provide technique, (OPCPA) will amplification system fundamen- chirped-pulse laser for parametric facility Beamlines optical user the Using international research. an applied is and Republic) tal (Czech Hamburg) Prague of near (University located Maier Centre, ELI-Beamlines A.R. The (ELI-BEAMS) Kruchinin K.O. Korn, G. Kocon, D. Molodozhentsev A.Y. 2D requirements quantum medium. that the macroscopic by on and overcoming based beam nanoFEL modes, electron of plasmon-polariton ultrarelativistic scheme on via new a nanostructures circum- propose graphene physical we in inter- out latter ion- great effect the find of and Cherenkov of to is version scattering it possible important nano-electronics-photonics a multiple is As modern the nanoFEL. it In practically. est Hence, to operate will due matter. den- FEL atomic-molecular FEL Cherenkov high when the Cherenkov of stances in of beam particles electron operation energy of ultrarelativistic the kinetic losses of Al- restricts of ization necessity transformation medium concept. the view dielectric FEL Nevertheless, of the and point radiation. of sity the EM advent from into the FEL beam with for par riso hr u-etscn usswt ikdpae.W ics rlmnr eut fbt experiment properties. radiation both generate the of of to results diagnostics setup preliminary indirect this discuss as We of well the application as phases. increase simulations another linked corresponding to report with and We is pulses purpose way. sub-femtosecond main active short Its an of XFEL. in trains PAL radiation at FEL commissioned of coherence was temporal setup Self-Seeding (ANL) X-ray Shvyd’ko Yu. Hard (POSTECH) a Shim Recently, C.H. Ko, J.H. (SLAC) Decker J. Serkez S. .Bunr .Fölc DS)ST ogr,LJ ea RylHloa,Uiest fLno)A.P. Cimental London) of University Holloway, (Royal Nevay L.J. Boogert, S.T. (DESY) Fröhlich L. Beutner, B. , .Gln EXE)MH h,H-.Kn,G i,JH o .K i,IH a,CH hm(A)F.- (PAL) Shim C.H. Nam, I.H. Min, C.-K. Ko, J.H. Kim, G. Kang, H.-S. Cho, M.H. (EuXFEL) Geloni G. , .Dhu,K ltmn DS)M vna (CANDLE) Ivanyan M. (DESY) Flöttmann K. Dohlus, M. , .Adé .Bah,F ovt .Biuz .Derc,JP ua,M lAjui .Gat,C Her- C. Ghaith, A. Ajjouri, El M. Duval, J.P. Dietrich, Y. Briquez, F. Bouvet, F. Blache, F. André, T. , ..Mrcin(YSU) Mkrtchian G.F. , CehRpbi cdm fSine,Isiueo hsc)FJ rnr(FL , (CFEL) Grüner F.J. Physics) of Institute Sciences, of Academy Republic (Czech J. Hawke, 91

29 Aug – Thu 3 nm ∼ generally required for the LWFA is strong enough to ionize the partially-ionized ions 2 Nam, Y.W. Parc (PAL) I.H. W/cm 19 , E. Dyunin, A. Friedman (Ariel University) , E.D. Abubakirov, N.S. Ginzburg, N.Yu. Peskov, A.A. Vikharev, V.Yu. Zaslavsky (IAP/RAS) S.V. Kuzikov (Southwest University of Science and Technology) , D.E. Kim, , S.J. Hahn (Chung-Ang University) J. Kim (KERI) K. Lee (KAERI) S.H. Park (KUS) (KAERI) I.G. Jeong (University of Science and Technology of Korea (UST)) I.G. Jeong, J.Y. Lee (Korea Atomic (TUB) (USTC/NSRL) Micro-bunching instability (MBI) is consideredattosecond as XFEL. a To critical make high obstacle a forbe peak the current, uniform. realization the of distribution The the of micro-bunching the isolatedvalue. electron instability terawatt beam The will in effect twist the by phase the MBI spacepave distribution a should has way which been to results investigated the and in realization a of very a proposal low terawatt is peak level, provided isolated current to attosecond overcome pulseA.V. the at Savilov X-ray obstacle. region. This will (Euclid Beamlabs LLC) Conception of Compton-type FELs operating up to X-ray band is under development currently at IAP RAS C.H. Shim In order to generate EUV light sourceelectron with beam below extremely 100 high nm power, we in the propose ring, a and concept insert that a storage strong a focusing very part short to compress the beam and get a Energy Research Institute (KAERI)) Recently, the demand of aernments new in Korea advanced would synchrotron like lightadvanced to source host synchrotron in the light Korea new source is synchrotron willGeV light rapidly have synchrotron source growing. for a facility the in 6 Six EUV their GeV locallimited and own superconducting storage gov- province. soft linac ring X-ray The for (DLSR) users, new the concept. anddeliver CW a coherent The 6 mode and 6 GeV injection, femtosecond GeV synchrotron, long afemtosecond synchrotron which X-rays. 1.5 long will is In X-ray based have operation this on two mode paper, the of 60 we those diffraction report m 60 design long m concepts long undulator and undulator beamlines beamlines. the to coherent and M.G. Gerasimov Terahertz irradiation and sensing is beingof applied space lately science, to molecular a line widetechnique spectroscopy, for range and converting of plasma optical fields diagnostics. and outside quasi-optical This modesdevelop the by research tool traditional using proposal niches for Artificial presents Intelligence. designing a The system new finalcannot of purpose supply is specialized to a (printed) good, mirrors.than or The what even motivation is satisfactory is know in that solutions the traditional in optical methods regime the (infra-red terahertz to ultra-violet). range, dueQ.H. to Zhou a much higherIn diffraction steady-state microbunching (SSMB), nanosecondbuild laser up pulse a with theoretic megawatt model average towhich power enhance shows is such that pulse required. a in mode-locked We mechanism athat in narrow such linewidth frequency domain (e.g. pulse should kHz can be level)schematics considered. be cavity to Simulations enhanced for realize indicate this it. sufficiently demand, under this condition. And weZ. also Pan propose some experimental in laser ablation plasma. The ionizationIn-Cell) effect on simulation LWFA using using solid a targets 2D3V was investigatedIn EPOCH via this code the paper, to PIC we (Particle- find present the thesize optimal ionization of condition effects for main on high LWFA laser mechanism quality dependingionization as of on processes well electron the on beam. as intensity LWFA is the and also focalintensities density reported of spot using of L-shell different initial electrons, target such plasma, materials, as, having i.e., copper different and laser ion titanium. ablation appearance plasma. TheY. Kim effect of sequential electron beam, passing the undulatorcompaction and factor, radiating second coherently. order We have momentumalpha) optimized compaction and the factor, dynamic first local apertures order momentum momentum for compactiontracking this results factor show lattice (partial the to equilibrium achieve bunchdamping the length time of stable while the storage only electron for single-particle is effect the about considered. 40 100 nm nm and electron no beam. particles lost The afterW. Liu 4.5 We analyze the electron radiation in terahertzplane. region The utilizing sub-wavelength model hole can array bethe (SHA) viewed in radiation as a wavelength, conducting a the periodic fieldfilled system. theory in is Because SHA, used the we spatial to getFurthermore, period develop the we the new velocity choose dispersion dispersion of is characteristics. characteristics the comparable whichwhich When free to makes are dielectric electron it is corresponding beam possible for can to the be the radiationit to set may permittivity interact be the with of a same the dielectric. novel electron as way effectively. the for Considering amplifiers phase its and high velocity feasibility, particle of accelerators. the radiation, S.Y. Shin The laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) using aoperate in laser a ablation higher plasma vacuum from condition a andof solid with greater target higher than has repetition 10 rate been than suggested using to a gas target. The laser intensity Development of RF-Undulators and Powering Sources for Compact Efficient Compton FEL-Scattrons Optimization of Isolated Terawatt Attosecond X-Ray FEL Pulse Generation Development of an Artificial Intelligence System for the Design of an Optical Mode Converter Nanosecond Pulse Enhancement in a Narrow Linewidth Cavity for Steady-State Microbunching A Storage Ring Design for Steady-State Microbunching to Generate Coherent EUV Light Source Coherent and Femtosecond Operation Mode for New Advanced Synchrotron Light Source in Korea Tunable Terahertz Radiation Excited by Electron Beam in Sub-Wavelength Hole Array With Dielectric Critical Issues on Laser Wakefield Electron Accelerators Using Solid Targets for Compact Light Sources THP060 92 THP059 THP054 THP055 THP058 THP052 THP056 THP057

29 Aug – Thu THP065 THP064 THP063 THP062 THP061 odih:Fo ae-oldAost oeetSf X-Rays Soft Coherent to Atoms Laser-Cooled From ColdLight: FEL in Noise Thermal Coating Cavity Analysis SwissFEL of Tuning Parameter Safe and Fast for Optimisation Bayesian ut-betv E einOtmsto sn eei Algorithms Genetic Using Optimisation Design FEL Multi-Objective Analysis and Imaging for Source X-Ray (ICS) Scattering Compton Inverse Tunable A Smart*Light: etscn,na-hehl htinzto falsrcoe n rpe tmcgs oretemperatures Source gas. atomic trapped on and based laser-cooled developed, of a being is of (UCES) photoionization source near-threshold electron ultracold femtosecond, pulsed, a Technology of University Eindhoven At Luiten O.J. system. accelerator sophisticated the Through in aspects. effect different noise three from thermal noise analysis the thermal can with of we interacts field effect methods, the field optical these evaluate optical reflection surface will we superposition the Through modulating, the impact for cavity. simulate thus beam eventually, SSMB electron mirror, individual, in coating overlap influence the amplitude on noise and ex- deformation thermal phase and Brownian tiny beam, cause the electron noise justify the thermal with to Brownian fluctuation tolerance field of light range enhancement between SSMB to the interaction in sensitive the plore effect introduce very noise will thermal is Brownian We system discriminate design. this on cavity focus mechanism, we SSMB letter, this the In by lithog- disturbance. Restricted EUV noise for lithography). requirements Violate manufacturing Ultra enormous (Extreme meeting raphy power average level providing kilowatts approach over prospect bright source a EUV is configuration (SSMB) micro-bunching steady-state based storage-ring A Ying and M. simultaneously, ( parameters minutes 40 30 to of objective up order with the the SwissFEL in in of times structure output tuning FEL additional reasonable showcase the within We to up convergence optimization. tune adapt reach the to during to algorithm feedback our and user use as convergence we function global how the of and slice-plots local provide we optimization. off Further, Bayesian function. trade safe divide using to we efficiently limitations, us solved these be allows overcome can To This that optimize. subproblems to sequential easier into are per- problem that the global approach However, functions the to the of on constraints. carefully generality convergence safety the chosen slow and any to be parameters violating lead of can number without can evaluation the and with next possible significantly the increases as time data, steps computation available few step as all with using optimum function the underlying learn- find the By optimization methods. of global alternative for model outperform tool a to shown As ing recently facilities. was optimization accelerator Bayesian in evaluations, task noisy with time-consuming notoriously a is tuning Parameter Kirschner discussed. J. are studies oscillator experimental surface-wave strongly initial Ka-band a and of simulation in its parameters wave of implemented design results feedback pumping RF-undulators, The powering distributed the for structures. two-dimensional of intended slow-wave using level doubly-periodical of power 2D idea sub-gigawatt the original required in the the exploit achieve we fre- to oscillator, specified For oversized order the Results presented. In in are undulators. developed Ka-band ’flying’ range. the are so-called in masers quency the tests Cerenkov - ’cold’ narrow-band and type the spatially-extended thereby simulations new of RF-undulators their and a powering compactness RF-undulators, of beam relative these RF-undulators of achieving electron is research as relativistic current concept well of driving this as of a FEL, basis of in The interaction energy generator. electron-wave reducing the at of aimed efficiency is increasing concept This (N.Novgorod). ldn ogtdnlcretpol hpn o eddFL n eeto fteciaedly o h High- in- the examples for delays with chicane designs, the of FEL selection various and FEL, of seeded performance a for the shaping optimise profile current to longitudinal out cluding carried were studies Simulation Institute) croft to up electron energy the an with Dunning with interact D.J. photons and X-ray spot in resulting micrometer micrometer 5 5 a about to of of focused 50 spot angle maximal emission be a an of to will keV, energy focused 100 pulse an also laser to be ps further will 1 electrons that technol- nm, the pulse accelerator accelerate 500 linear to mJ, X-band CERN 100 compact from and A program MeV. source CLIC electron the as by effect. pulse photogun Doppler developed laser DC relativistic ogy a kV the from 100 through applica- photons photons a find X-ray process use into bril- will ICS will them Smart*Light a the Smart*Light turning In with bunch, sources. electron imaging. keV relativistic lab medical a 100 available and off and best bounce conventional heritage 1 the cultural between the between science, above generated material at gap magnitude in be of built the tions will orders and bridge energy few designed photon will a X-ray typically being source The liance is X-ray synchrotrons: source compact and X-ray This sources hard lab Technology. (ICS) of Scattering University Compton Eindhoven Inverse tabletop, tunable, A Luiten O.J. of commissioning and presented. simulations be tracking will compact particle UCES a Detailed based realizing grating-MOT Laser. turn-key, of emis- Electron compact, X-ray possibility Free a soft the the X-ray suggesting that soft super-radiance, note tunable by to easily enhanced intriguing and be is should It bunches well. such as at coherence by micro-bunching temporal sion in full results thus compression and bunch wavelengths two-step RF X-ray The standard soft optical X-ray at with pre-bunching pulses. soft pre-bunching particular X-ray the (ICS) in soft Combining bunch, Scattering electron coherent wavelengths. Compton the spatially of Inverse fully structuring coherent intricate of allows fully generation scheme a photoionization enables drive emittance to ultra-low used The be source. will UCES the project ColdLight ∼ 0Kaeruieyahee,rsligi ioeodbnhswith bunches picosecond in resulting achieved, routinely are K 10 (NTHU) ...Fase,PHA uses ...Njo,BH cap ...d ad (TUE) Raadt de T.C.H. Schaap, B.H. Nijhof, D.F.J. Mutsaers, P.H.A. Franssen, J.G.H. , ...Mtar,XFD tair(U)TG ua (ARCNL) Lucas T.G. (TUE) Stragier X.F.D. Mutsaers, P.H.A. , .Kas,M omr .Nnemce EH , (ETH) Nonnenmacher M. Mojmir, M. Krause, A. , ..CsaeaCre,JK oe,N hmsn(TCD/Se)JK oe,N hmsn(Cock- Thompson N. Jones, J.K. (STFC/DL/ASTeC) Thompson N. Jones, J.K. Cortes, Castaneda H.M. , < . rd n rlineu o9*10 to up brilliance a and mrad, 0.8 N. ilr .Iceek(PSI) Ischebeck R. Hiller, 14 htn//m/rd/.%bw. photons/s/mm2/mrad2/0.1% ∼ n a omlzdeitne nthe In emittance. normalized rad 1nm < 00steps). 2000 93

29 Aug – Thu 1 GeV accelerator to ∼ Neil (Cockcroft Institute) c Neil, A.M. Yao (USTRAT/SUPA) E. Hemsing (SLAC) B.W.J. M c , P.K.Den Hartog, J. Qian, M. White (ANL) (Fermilab) M. Downer, M. LaBerge (The University of Texas at Austin) D.W. Rule (Private Address) components simultaneously based only on noisy average bunch energy measurements. We also (LANL) B. Beutner, W. Decking, R. Kammering, H. Schlarb, M. Scholz, I. Zagorodnov (DESY) , L.S. Cowie, J.K. Jones (STFC/DL/ASTeC) L.S. Cowie, J.K. Jones (Cockcroft Institute) L.S. Cowie (Cock- 5 , B.W.J. M produce attosecond light pulses inupgrade the to EUV the to CLARA facility soft at X-raycrease Daresbury region. the Laboratory, utilising electron It high-performance beam is energy X-band from under RF 250 technologywould consideration MeV.Emerging to give as techniques in- access a for to generating potential attosecond single-cycle future timescales, undulatorpact. enabling light studies XARA of would ultra-fast also dynamics, while enhancedevelopment also and the being increasing existing very the capabilities com- electron for beam energy accelerator for science novel R&D acceleration by studies. incorporating X-band J.F. Morgan The vector superposition of orthogonally polarisedbeams modes which carrying have orbital spatially angular inhomogeneous momentum polarisationsity can states. and create However, wavelength these light by beams the can optics bethe used limited to phase in create inten- structure them. and This work polarisationtron explores beam of generation and the techniques which do light change notsimulation through code rely manipulation Puffin. on of external a optics. radiating, highly Vector relativistic beams elec- will beface investigated Finish using the freeG.E. electron Wiemerslage laser The Linac Coherent Light Source,2009. (LCLS) the The Advanced world’s first Photon x-ray Source contributed freeline. to electron the laser Two original (FEL) slightly project became by different designing operationalundulator variations and in line, building of and the these one undulator chambers forlength, were a a required hard key for X-ray physics (HXR) LCLS-II: requirement undulator was oneImprovements line. to to for achieve our Because a the earlier of soft best fabrication the X-ray possiblefined extremely methods surface (SXR) by short allowed finish RF electron us within impedance bunch the to requirements.rms chamber meet aperture. to We the were 238 critical able nm surface to rms.mrad. roughness improve finish the The We de- surface average achieved longitudinal finish an20 surface from average mrad. an roughness longitudinal average slope surface In of of roughness thefor 812 all slope end, the nm chambers of LCLS-II sixty-four was 8.5 Upgrade undulator to mrad project. vacuum bechambers. with Here less chambers no we than and chamber will 20 exceeding report alignment on systems the were process delivered improvements to for the SLAC fabricationA.H. Lumpkin of these The periodic longitudinal density modulation ofing) relativistic electrons is at a the fundamental resonant aspect wavelengthat (microbunch- of saturation free-electron of lasers a (FELs). self-amplifiedthat spontaneous In emission experiment one (SASE) case, the FEL microbunching z-dependent resulting fractions gainlaser-driven in reached plasma of gains 20% accelerators coherent of (LPAs), 1 optical microbunching million at transitionas at visible radiation evidenced 530 wavelengths (COTR) by has nm. was significant also In also been COTRfor measured. recently enhancements the reported measured first In in time. near-field Anidentified and analytical microbunched far-field model images transverse for on cores COTR of athe interferometry 25-100 single exit (COTRI) shot microns of addresses the both while LPA cases. in werefringes the a In out few the LPA to the microns. FEL, 30 one reported In mradcould the transverse in act latter angle sizes as case, space at a signal were seed enhancements recorded. for of a The nearly SASE broadband 100,000 FEL microbunching and experiment observed extensive with in tunability the inEnergy LPA principle at case over the the EuXFEL visible at regime. DESY A. Scheinker D.K. Bohler (SLAC) S. Tomin (EuXFEL) The output power of apoints free are electron held laser constant because (FEL)uncertainty of has and the extremely time-variation stochastic high of nature thousands variance ofelectron of even the distribution coupled when self-amplified coming parameters, all off spontaneous and of FEL emission uncertainty thedevelopment process, and parameter photo and time set cathode application variation of and automatic, entering of model-independent the the feedback accelerator.energy for In the of this maximization the of work, average light we pulse produced presentexperimental the by results FELs in carried applying out these at techniquescally the at adjusting European both the X-ray the longitudinal free EuXFEL phase electron at spaceadjusting laser the of steering at LCLS the magnets on DESY. beam, We RF between for present systems adjusting undulatortune for the sections up automati- phase to to shifters 10 maximize in FEL undulators, andpresent output preliminary for power. work on We show advanced machine that learning we techniques can taking place at the EuXFEL at DESY. Brightness SASE technique. In thesetion examples of multi-objective the genetic algorithms overall were facilityreported applied simulation, in to i.e. which a a single the full sec- start-to-end undulator,facility simulation as design chain is optimisation. was the optimised, common with approach. the aim Further of delivering studies a are more also holistic D.J. Dunning croft Institute, Lancaster University) XARA (X-band Accelerator for Research and Applications) is a proposal for a compact Vector Light Beams from Relativistic Electrons LCLS-II Extruded Aluminum Undulator Vacuum Chambers — New Approaches to an Improved Aperture Sur- Observations on Microbunching of Electrons in Laser-Driven Plasma Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers Development of Advanced Model-Independent Tuning Methods for Maximizing Free Electron Laser Pulse XARA: X-Band Accelerator for Research and Applications 94 THP067 THP068 THP069 THP070 THP066

29 Aug – Thu THP078 THP077 THP076 THP074 THP073 THP072 THP071 ihEfiinyadHg anApicto t26n Wavelength nm 266 at Amplification Gain High and Efficiency High Wiggler Magnetic a in Electron-Beam an of Self-Modulation Phase-Stable ihPwradBihns obeBnhLCLS-II Bunch Double Brightness and Power High ttso h opcLgtDsg Study Design CompactLight the of Status Isreal in Facility FEL the of Status and Design General Gun SRF ELBE the With Source THz Super-Radiant TELBE the of Operation Charge Bunch High Facility User FEL X-Ray Soft and XUV Pioneering The FLASH: enUintruhteHrzn22 eerhadInvto rgam.Temi olo h project, the of goal main The Euro- the Programme. by Innovation funded and parties, third Research 5 2020 and Horizon partners the 24 through of Union Collaboration pean International an is (XLS) CompactLight beam. is D’Auria MeV electron It G. 6.5 the photocathode radiation. of The desired results facility. diagnostics the FEL the of the report frequency of will the status we at the and report beam We launched bunched (1) been THz. a modes has 3.5 (2) two gun The - and in 1 FEL. length operate of in Hertz to radiation Tera generate fsec designed to is 150 a designed It to constructing superradiance. up of of of principle process pulse the single the on A in operate to is planned University based Ariel is device in Center Accelerator Schlesinger The Engineering) of Faculty Friedman A. ELBE the with source undulator reported. TELBE be quantum the will and for gun materials (10 milestones SRF low-dimensional performance undulator in recent TELBE these processes the regarding nonlinear from Details driven date systems. high-field to studying (100 energy for rate ideal repetition pulse are high highest source a the at achieved pC) This the 250 to of sources. (up improvements µ TELBE charge Recent the bunch to high bandwidth. of CW) 100% delivery kHz enabled with have pulses with gun undulator cycle pulses electron tunable SRF single transform-limited ELBE The generates stable 8- source super-radiant CEP began. CDR multicycle a source, broadband generates TELBE, (CDR) the THz) of radiation 1.5 operation diffraction regular - coherent (0.1 2016, a RF source in and superconducting and source CW undulator (FELBE), a THz FELs by pole THz/IR driven two sources radiation including secondary linac, several (SRF) operates Source Radiation ELBE The (HZDR) Xiang R. Teichert, J. Schaber, J. Lehnert U. a to technology accelerator superconducting for facility This test simultaneously. a facility. operated user from FLASH delivers are FEL evolution Nowadays, which It full-scale its beamlines, experiments. of undulator photon overview 2005. two to an summer and provides radiation linac, paper in FEL superconducting X-ray operation GeV soft user 1.25 and a started XUV has (Hamburg) brilliance average DESY and at peak (FEL) high laser free-electron the FLASH, Honkavaara K. presented. be undulator also the the around will of cavity regime extension optical TESSO an An the and discussed. in operation be operate linac will to lat- multi-bunch experiment of focusing this possibility and for the Undulator diagnostics include at and to 10%. linac dynamics experiment injector to beam APS up as the of well using efficiency as nm) design, conversion (266 tice obtain wavelength to shorter (ANL) and Labor-atory gain been National high Argonne already at have scheme TESSA method the this demonstrate validating to results Initial 10 at beams. obtained electron prebunched and undulators tapered aeigEhne tmltdSprain mlfiain(ES)alw oices h fcec fFree of efficiency the increase from to generation radiation allows based (FEL) (TESSA) Laser Amplification Electron (ANL) Superradiant Zholents Stimulated A. Sun, Enhanced Y. LLC) Tapering (RadiaSoft Webb S.D. Hall, C.C. Bruhwiler, D.L. Musumeci P. sub- generating application for find diagnostic. may timing useful field or infrared immediately CEP-stable pump the experimental is and an rate, electron-beam as repetition modulated machine any The at pulses mod- carrier- X-ray phase-stable MeV, core. six-period femtosecond few electron-beam a a creates the producing field the This wiggler, in power. of the ulation gigawatt tail with coher- of the field modulation, on wavelength infrared spike this stable resonant current (CEP) for the envelope-phase the source process, at infrared self-modulation coherently new this a radiates In with on electron-beam itself. laser report electron-beam infrared we the powerful Here from a radiation overlapping wiggler. ent by magnetic generated a be pulses in can X-ray electron-beam modulation sub-femtosecond energy an emit The to laser. potential free-electron the a have in modulation energy sinusoidal a with Electron-beams MacArthur J.P. nXrydlysse.W osdrapiain ohg nest,hg-edpyiseprmns including experiments, field. Schwinger physics critical high-field the intensity, above as QED high also and to acting physics monochromator, atomic applications linear 4-crystal consider non the We , investigate imaging We system. a delay spectrum. in power X-ray output seed limited the an the transform increases with MW near 100 interacts generates above a off-axis, power bunch provides seed propagating first the and using initially increasing The range that bunch, energy show second We photon line. undulator. the keV monochromator/delay amplifier and 8 tapered 4-crystal to signal, a 4 X-ray the and seeding in strong bunches pulses a two X-ray duration linac, fs copper 15 LCLS-II TW, near the generate can we that (UCLA) show Pellegrini We C. (SLAC) Zhu D. Ratti, A. .J Decker F.-J. /us)a . H,wihi naeaepwro .Tepoo aaees atclryo h undulator the of particularly parameters, photon The W. 1 of power average an is which THz, 0.3 at J/pulse) .Anl,M hn .C enr,PE vuhno ..Gen ..Kof .Kvlv .M,P Michel, P. Ma, S. Kovalev, S. Klopf, J.M. Green, B.W. Evtushenko, P.E. Deinert, J.-C. Chen, M. Arnold, A. , EetaSnrtoeTiseS.C.p.A.) Trieste (Elettra-Sincrotrone .Dn,C Emma, C. Ding, Y. , .Ceedn,E ynn u ui,AN as AilUiest)A oe Uiest fTel-Aviv, of (University Gover A. University) (Ariel Nause A.N. Lurie, Yu. Dyunin, E. Cheverdine, K. , .Pr,NS ua UL)RB gsso,TJ aps,II ajv ..Mrk (RadiaBeam) Murokh A.Y. Gadjev, I.I. Campese, T.J. Agustsson, R.B. (UCLA) Sudar N.S. Park, Y. , µ (SLAC) .Shebr(DESY) Schreiber S. , aeegha rohvnNtoa aoaoy ewl rsn h eino nexperiment an of design the present will We Laboratory. National Brookhaven at wavelength m A. aaaa,Z un,J ryink,AA umn .Mru,A Marinelli, A. Marcus, G. Lutman, Krzywiński, A.A. J. Huang, Z. Halavanau, ∼ .%t 0 yuigitnese ae uss strongly pulses, laser seed intense using by 10% to 0.1% ∼ 0 adit,while bandwidth, 20% 95

29 Aug – Thu , P.J.Czuma, P.Krawczyk, R. Nietubyc, M. Staszczak, J. Szewiński(NCBJ) W. Bal, J. Poz- , E. Allaria, L. Badano, S. Bassanese, F. Bencivenga, C. Callegari, F. Capotondi, D. Castronovo, , X.M. Yang (DICP) D. Wang (SARI-CAS) Z.T. Zhao (SSRF) , I.H. Baek, K.H. Jang, Y.U. Jeong, K. Lee, K. Oang, S. Park (KAERI) I.H. Baek, K.H. Jang, Y.U. Jeong, K. Lee which started in January 2018today’s with state a of duration the of art, 36 usingstructures, the months, and latest is innovative concepts the short-period for design undulators. bright offuture The electron an FEL specifications photo-injectors, are hard of high-gradient driven X-ray the accelerating by FEL facility the andgive facility demands an the beyond of overview parameters on potential of the users the ongoing and activities the and associated the science major cases. results achieved In until thisL. now. paper we Giannessi will W.Q. Zhang A Free Electron Laser withregion high is an brightness, ideal ultrafast light laser sourcehigh pulses for efficiency. It in excitation is of the quite valence vacuum helpful electronscal for ultraviolet and systems. studies (VUV) ionization Dalian of Coherent of important wavelength Light molecular dynamic Source processes systems (DCLS),have in as delivered with bright the physical, very optical unique chemical beam VUV and in light biologi- picoseconds source2018. or from 100 After 50-150 femtoseconds one nm for year in such operation, the research the 24 world, and pulse hours more energy per users and day spectra are since of interested DCLS withbecause has this been new of improved light LINAC to source be and in very single VUV stable.of range. undulator More 2019, On line. can the other partially The hands settlerep second beamtime this rate is FEL CW limited problem. line FEL of Furthermore machine DCLS,government. we covering which are from will more VUV be ambitious to installed to Soft at propose X-ray. the a The end new pre-study plan of of theK. high project Szamota-Leandersson is supported bynaénski local (IBB) A. Bartnik, H. Fiedorowicz, K.(DESY) Janulewicz, N. Palka, P.Wachulak, P.Zagrajek (MUT)In J.K. Sekutowicz 2018 funds forsuperconducting the linac free with electron SRF laser electronbeamlines, PolFEL respectively. source. project In the was PolFEL first received. will one,generated generate with in PolFEL THz, electron permanent beam will IR magnet below be and 80 supper-radiantthe driven VIS-VUV MeV, undulator, the second delivering by radiation THz/IR beam THz radiation cw in line source radiation two operating with willdulator in be up delivering 0.5 to coherent to 180 radiation 6 MeV down THzduration. electrons, to range. At the 55 the In VIS/VUV nm moment, radiation wavelength four will inProbe end-stations spectrometer be the are system third generated planned. as harmonic, in well. Experiments with the In willIn the sub-100 SASE be this project, equipped fs contribution un- also, with we pulse the will dedicated Inverse describe Pump- Compton PolFEL Scattering facility experiment in is more planned. details. H.W. Kim (University of Science and(BINP Technology SB of RAS) Korea (UST))Ultrafast J. electron Kim, diffraction J. (UED) Shintime-resolved facility (KAIST) diffraction was S.H. experiments developed Park with at (KUS) sub-100an femtosecond the N.A. RF temporal Korea Vinokurov photogun resolution. Atomic in conjunction Energy This withfs facility Research a with consists Institute 90-degree 1 of bending for pC structure. charge by Thean the electron isochronous 90-degree bunch condition bending was structure. that compressed to Furthermore, canto the 30 reduce sub-10 90-degree a fs. bending timing structure The satisfies jitter temporalpolycrystalline resolution between bismuth of the sample. our electron UED In bunch facility this andof was work, determined a we electron by will pump bunch measuring present laser by structural the pulse utilizing dynamicsUED experimental beamlines of results terahertz as on streak well. temporal camera diagnostics with a few fs accuracy, and the temporal resolution of F. Cilento, P. Cinquegrana, M.giusto, Coreno, I. A.A. Cudin, Demidovich, G. M.L. D’Auria, Di Foglia, P.Furlan M.B. Fraia, Radivo, Danailov, G. S. Gaio, R. F.Gelmetti, Dituto, De F.Iazzourene, M. S. Mitri, Monte, Manfredda, Krecic, C. B. G. G. Kurdi, Masciovecchio, Diviacco, De M. M.A. Lonza, Milloch, Ninno, A. Perucchi, N. R. O. Mahne, P. Fabris, Del- Mincigrucci, Plekan, M. M. Malves- R. N.S. Predonzani, Mirian,C. Fabris, K.C. I. Scafuri, Prince, W.M. Nikolov, E. F.H. Fawley, C. O’Shea, Principi, G. M. Serpico, L. Penco, N. Ferianis, A. Raimondi, Vascotto, Shafqat, P.Rebernik M. Ribiˇc,F.Rossi, P. Sigalotti, Veronese, L. R. Rumiz, A. Visintini, Simoncig, D.FERMI Zangrando, S. is M. Spampinati, the Zangrando (Elettra-Sincrotrone C. seeded Trieste Free Spezzani, S.C.p.A.) VUV Electron M. to Laser Svandrlik, EUV (FEL) M. and user soft Trovò, facility X-rayslength spectral at stability, range; the low the temporal Elettra radiation jitter laboratory produced and in byexperiment longitudinal the Trieste, coherence has operating seeded in shown FEL in the the is the range potential characterized 100-4of of by nm. wave- this the During Echo spectral 2018 Enabled range a Harmonic with dedicated ergy Generation a and (EEHG) single of scheme stage the to cascade. accelerator coverWith performances, most Such this could a perspective, extend scheme, we the combined present FERMIinclude to the operating an an development range increment upgrade toward plans of the of under the oxygen theFEL-2 consideration k-edge. beam successively, for linac into en- the EEHG and seeded next of FELs. 3 the to existing 5 FEL years. lines, These consisting in the conversion of FEL-1 first, and Status and Perspectives of the FERMI FEL Facility (2019) The Status of Dalian Coherent Light Source and Future Plan PolFEL — New Facility in Poland Sub-100 Femtosecond Ultrafast Electron Diffraction at KAERI 96 THP079 THP081 THP082 THP080

29 Aug – Thu THP087 THP086 THP085 THP084 THP083 ttso to,teSf -a E ieo SwissFEL of Line FEL X-Ray Soft the Athos, of Status Laboratory IV MAX at Project (SXL) Laser X-Ray Soft the of Status Facility NovoFEL the of Status rwo oetmSra na lrrltvsi lcrnBa tSotnosEiso Mode Emission Spontaneous at Beam Electron Ultrarelativistic an in Spread Momentum of Grow Athos Beamline X-Ray Soft SwissFEL the of Modes Operation n xeietlsain npriua einotosfrteFLwl edsusdi ojnto ihthe with experiments. conjunction proposed in the Ganter with discussed R. connection be the and will linac FEL IV the MAX the for from options beam beamline electron the design the of particular overview of con- general two features In current a the with the for together present station. to modes injector will operation experimental physics as we FEL AMO and serves contribution, the from and also this ranging accelerator In which the experiments linac, science. of of design GeV life consists ceptual 3 in case imaging existing science and the The by chemistry the laboratory. matter, driven in condensed IV radiation be MAX FEL will produce the FEL to at The aims rings and nm. storage phase 5 design conceptual to a 1 in of now range is project (SXL) Laser X-ray Stockholm Soft AlbaNova, The (FYSIKUM, Salen P.M. Physics) (KTH (Up- Larsson, Sellberg M. Goryashko V.A. J.A. University) University) University) (Lund (Stockholm Nilsson Qin W. A. Johnsson, P. Bonetti, University) S. University) psala Lund Laboratory, IV (MAX Werin S. Curbis F. Shevchenko O.A. ihasra asdb unu utain fudltrrdain h osblte fdces fcoherent of decrease of discussed. possibilities are compared The FELs square effect X-ray radiation. mean predominant an undulator a a in of have beam wavelength fluctuations may radiation electron square quantum motion monoenergetic by mean electrons caused initially on of spread in fields a increase incoherent that with the shown an of passed is is influence distance It to there a due from found. radiation spread momentum are incoherent in undulator spread spontaneous square an of mean in of initial stage electrons Dependences different a electrons. with of at electrons momentum for that in obtained spread shown are parameter is undulator coefficient of diffusion It value and small elec- force energy. For and this forces. field interaction of radiation pair expressions by between analytical defined interaction the the is of account electrons stage on of into initial motion fields at taking the such electrons when considered of trons of influence is momentum the square undulator investigate mean We helical in electrons. a change individual in by produced beam fields electron incoherent ultrarelativistic spontaneous an of motion The V.V. Ognivenko the of modes operation unique self- the to enabling and upgrade layout seeding detailed possible facility. the a external on Athos for chicanes, overview space an delaying the gives of also presentation reserves addition This of It the seeding. layout (dechirper). with The sources respectively. beamline wakefield FEL, with FEL X-ray manipulation SASE soft beam and simple hard a a from Athos, and extends Aramis Athos beamlines FEL two the drives SwissFEL 2020. / 2019 winter for the Reiche planned S. inside is installation lasing Athos first The the and dechirper. operation the user and FEL compo- chicane Aramis major CHIC with the the of alternating UE38, characterization is the undulator tunnel commissioning and X operation 2018, APPLE bunch in the two started the like which on macropulse), nents experimen- be RF will the same contribution reaching the this in before of bunches optics the focus (two beamline there The the From FURKA. and undulators. and APPLE end AMO 16 stations front the tal photonics and fast the X- the linac hard through from small the starting passes the to line beam line, FEL parallel photon transfer Athos in the dogleg operate of the will layout by current and followed the eV magnet describe 1900 kicker will to paper 250 The SwissFEL. from of range Aramis energy line photon ray Wagner, the U.H. cover Voulot, Pradervand, will D. line C. Vicario, Athos C. Pedrozzi, The Trisorio, M. A. Patthey, Svetina, C. L. Schnorr, (PSI) Paraliev, K. Zandonella M. Schmidt, A.C. T. Schietinger, Loch, T. Löhl, F. Reiche, Ozkan P.N. Juraniˇc, Keil, S. C. Jöhri, B. Prat, H. Orlandi, E. Ischebeck, G.L. R. Huppert, Marinkovic, M. G. Gough, C.H. Marcellini, F. Geng, Z.G. Gaiffi, N. Frei, F. Follath, R. user and presented. facility be the will of upgrade status future Current of of plans microns. average as rate 20 of well repetition to terms as 5 pulse (in FELs was of three a powerful FEL range all third most with wavelength world’s at The kW activities the ranges. the cover wavelength 0.5 are their to to FELs in 2015 up two radiation in 1%) These of commissioned operates MW. than power FEL (less 1 second narrow-band radiation about coherent The average MW. of of 1 an sources power to power) at peak up to of microns a up power and 80 of peak power MHz a to radiation and 7.5 40 average MHz an of 11.2 at or range multi- microns 5.6 the of the 240 rate in to of repetition 90 orbits pulse of fourth a range and with wavelength kW second the 0.5 first, covers the FEL first on The installed ERL. FELs, Knyazev, turn three B.A. comprises Getmanov, Ya.V. (NSTU) facility Tribendis FEL Davidyuk, A.G. Krutikhin, Novosibirsk I.V. (NSU) The RAS) Vinokurov Tcheskidov, S.A. N.A. V.G. SB Serednyakov, S.S. Tararyshkin, Repkov, (BINP V.V. Matveev, Kozyrev, S.V. Volkov A.S. V.V. Medvedev, V. Kubarev, Skrinsky, Kozyrev, E.V. E.V. Vobly, P. L.E. A.N. Vinokurov, Serednyakov, Matveev, Kozak, N.A. S.S. A.S. Tribendis, V.R. Sedlyarov, Kurkin, A.G. I.K. Kondakov, G.Y. Scheglov, Kuptsov, A.A. I.V. M.A. Kuper, Salikova, T.V. Knyazev, E.A. Kulipanov, B.A. G.N. Kubarev, Gorbachev, V.V. Ya.I. Getmanov, Ya.V. .Adrsn .Iaso,M ou,F idu .Mntn ..Pp .Trwe,PF aae,S Thorin, P.F. Tarawneh, S. Tavares, H. Pop, M.A. Mansten, E. F.Lindau, Kotur, M. Isaksson, L. Andersson, J. , .Frai .Pa (PSI) Prat E. Ferrari, E. , .Apl,J lx .Arl,VR ro,S etn,C otd,H-.Ban .Cli .Cle,P. Craievich, Celcer, T. Calvi, M. Braun, H.-H. Bostedt, C. Bettoni, S. Arsov, V.R. Arrell, C. Alex, J. Aeppli, G. , (NSC/KIPT) ..Abzv ..Cenv ..Dvdu,OI ecui ..Dmnyv ..Dovzhenko, B.A. Dementyev, E.N. Deichuli, O.I. Davidyuk, I.V. Chernov, K.N. Arbuzov, V.S. , 97

29 Aug – Thu Thursday - Late Afternoon — THD S. Biedron (Argonne National Laboratory, Ofﬁce of Naval Research Project) , P.M.Salen, G.K. Shamuilov (Uppsala University) , P.H. Bucksbaum, E. Champenois, J. Cryan, T.D.C. Driver, J.P. Duris, Z. Huang, A.A. Lutman, Chair: , G. Geloni (EuXFEL) Ye. Fomin (NRC) M. Scholz (DESY) (USTC/NSRL)

W. Liu We report a laser-driven undulatorovercomes for the main developing disadvantages compact of ultraviolet-to-X previouspolarized optical free-electron and laser lasers magnetic beams (FELs), undulators. with which Itapplied uses alternated to an phases free array the to of undulating period transverse- provide fromthe the the electrons laser periodic in wavelength. the deflecting The vacuum, transverse fields. electric whichavoids field greatly the of The breakdown increases laser of the pulse-front is medium. efficiency to tilt The deflect andby ultraviolet-to-X is the FEL lasers achievable with with deflecting a forces intensities desirable since undulator beingtrons strength it orders can with be energies of achieved being magnitude remarkably less lessdeveloping than than the that that ultra-compact of and in magnetic powerful previous undulator. FELs. optical Thus, it undulator, affords and a by promising elec- way for S. Tomin Users beam-time at modern FEL sourcesup-time is must an always extremely valuable be commodity.tics. performed Moreover, These maximization accounting may of vary for FEL widely stringentrepetition depending rate requirements on facilities on the like users the the requests, Europeanschemes, photon which XFEL. where the poses Therefore, pulse model both issues might characteris- model-free be to given, or parallel orfor model-dependent operation provided the optimization by overall of machine-learning efficiency high- approaches, of are FEL of facilities. highcurrent importance In efforts this and contribution, progress we in review FEL ouron optimization previous future activities schemes developments. and at we the report European on XFEL. Finally, we provide an outlook A. Marinelli J.P. MacArthur, Z. Zhang (SLAC)(LMU) Z. A. Huang, Zholents (ANL) S. Li,In J.P. my MacArthur talk (Stanford I University) will M.enhanced report X-ray Kling, the free-electron laser. P. generation Our Rosenberger and method is diagnostic basedwith of on high-current the GW-scale enhaced spike soft SASE is scheme, X-ray where generated attosecond anpulse. electron by pulses The bunch the with X-ray a interaction pulses generated current- of bystreaking, the the and relativistic compressed have electron electrons beam a with are mean aders diagnosed pulse high-power of with duration infrared angular magnitude photoelectron of larger 350 thanThis attoseconds. any unique other combination Our of source source high of has intensity,valence isolated high a electron attosecond photon dynamics peak energy pulses with brightness and in non-linear pulse that the spectroscopyation duration is and soft of enables single-shot 6 X-ray two-color the imaging. attosecond or- spectral investigation pulses I of region. and will our also future discuss plans the for gener- attosecond science at LCLS-II. V.A. Goryashko In Bohr’s model of thetoseconds. hydrogen atom, Some the other ground-state electron processespulses completes of in one light atoms can cycle and provide of thetrons molecules revolution resolution can in in needed 150 be solids, for at- even studying molecules andsources faster. and of ultimately atoms. high-energy, controlling Femtosecond ultrashort, the and coherent, dynamics Therefore, X-ray attosecond length of there pulses. scales elec- is In in this a atoms, talk, molecules strong wetime and scientific (i) and nanostructures, review demand (ii) the the for outline characteristic state-of-the-art time the theand of and progress development proposed production on schemes of of short-pulse of high-energy, generation the ultrashort over recent generation concepts pulses; for of the (iii) femtosecond production examine and of the 100-attosecond sub-femtosecond pulses. pulses demonstrated with FELs, (iv) discuss A Novel Optical Undulator Using Array of Pulse-Front Tilted Laser Beams FEL Optimization: From Model-Free to Model-Dependent Approaches and ML Prospects Attosecond Pulses from Enhanced SASE at LCLS From Femtosecond to Attosecond Coherent Undulator Pulses

30 15 30 30 29-Aug-19 16:15 – 18:00 Auditorium (Lecture Hall A) 98 THD04 THD03 THD01 THD02 17:45 17:15 16:45 16:15

29 Aug – Thu 10:30 10:00 09:30 09:00 FRA04 FRA03 FRA02 FRA01 0Ag1 90 11:20 – 09:00 30-Aug-19

30 30 30 30 ttso XE etadUe Facilities User and Test SXFEL of Status Upgrades and Status - FLASH Upgrades and Status - LCLS-II Facility XFEL European the at Operation FEL nuao VU emlnst eeaepoosi h otadhr -a eie ihrptto aephoton rate repetition to High up regime. pulses to X-ray milli-joule up hard and available soft be the will in photons beams generate to lines beam (VGU) undulator nryt . e n uligtoudltrlnsadfieeprmna ttos nti ae,w eotthe report we paper, this facility. In SXFEL the stations. of experimental plan five future and and lines status SXFEL-UF linac undulator commissioning SXFEL the two and the meantime, upgrading construction building soft the on and a In based GeV constructed, constructing campus. 1.5 being SSRF towards is to region the energy step window at water development commissioning the in under critical wavelength is designed a China, with SXFEL- as in SXFEL-TF, facility facility test The user SXFEL-UF. the FEL steps, facility X-ray two user in developed the being and is (SXFEL) TF facility Laser Free-Electron X-ray soft Shanghai Zhao Z.T. discussed are plans facility Upgrade the research. of cutting-edge redesign allow will a contribution. FLASH and the future concepts in in New wakefield also plasma that discussed. ensure FLASHForward are to research the developed FEL are containing undulator and two beamline accelerator, operation X-ray electron linear user soft third GeV Actual 1.25 and a a experiment. a and XUV with with parallel, facility second the user per in in a pulses running to facility SASE developed beamlines user It thousand FEL brilliance. several average produce first and to the peak allows high was technology Hamburg RF superconducting in The DESY range. at Laser Free-Electron the FLASH, Rönsch-Schulenburg J. facility. FEL LCLS SLAC’s of capability potential and facilities the commissioning new extend status, the to project of strategy advantage the term take on to longer report plans our will will discuss including We and systems performance 2020. VGU design early The achieve in to completion. ac- plans delivery ramp-up near superconducting beam is the for construction ready of and cryoplant quarter installed associated a be the Approximately and now years. installed several achieve is of will celerator and course 2021 the in start over will design-performance operation accelerator full Superconducting systems. undulator new the using 2020 a on based is facility This Laboratory. Accelerator e National cw SLAC a the providing at accelerator, construction superconducting under is FEL LCLS-II The power full for Brachmann as A. well as be presented. range, will be energy lines will photon second SASE per extended 3 as pulses an well of 27000 as with operation to years up operation parallel two with for the by operation last conditions for day the operation perspective on within Typical experiments The commissioning W user the operation. several discussed. by of user requested results to to be the up transition can on are the of and report and on levels will X-rays simultaneously hard contribution power and The operated Average soft are basis. for technology. day lines and well TESLA FEL hard as on providing demonstrated three Hamburg based been The of have LINAC region superconducting metropole brilliance. a the high by in extremely powered facility with user photons based FEL X-ray SASE soft a is XFEL European The Nölle D. (DESY) (SSRF) .Dna,JF cmre(SLAC) Schmerge J.F. Dunham, M. , ∼ (DESY) 0kVfrLL cec.W niiaet tr h CSue rga ntesrn of spring the in program user LCLS the start to anticipate We science. LCLS for keV 20 ∼ e.Tenra odcigaclrtrwl eani prto,delivering operation, in remain will accelerator conducting normal The keV. 5 FRA — rdy-EryMorning Early - Friday - emo e at GeV 4 of beam ∼ H.Ti emdie w aibegap variable two drives beam This MHz. 1 EYAuditorium DESY 99

30 Aug – Fri , , , , , , WEP098 WEP081 WEP008 WEP002 TUP003 , , , , , THP085 WEP008 , , THB03 , WEP097 TUP050 WEP004 WEP017 WEP004 THP085 WEP005 THP070 WEP001 THP048 THP070 TUP002 THP024 THP048 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP079 THP085 WED01 WEP036 TUP058 THP032 , , , , , , TUB04 WEP096 WED01 TUP049 THP073 WEP003 THP001 TUP019 THP035 THP081 THP079 TUP007 THP008 WEP068 TUP080 THP048 THP079 TUD01 WEP103 WEP003 WEP069 TUA03 THP028 TUP058 THP045 TUP040 THP050 THP048 WEP068 TUP079 TUP058 TUP061 TUP035 THP084 THP050 TUP001 WEP051 WEP036 WEB02 MOA02 THP085 WEP045 THP048 FRA02 WEP086 MOA02 TUP055 TUA04 THP007 WEP068 THP040 WEP073 MOA02 WED01 THP073 THB02 TUP065 WEP075 THD02 TUP024 —C— Campbell, L.T. Campese, T.J. Cano Vargas, E. Bandurkin, I.V. Bane, K.L.F. Bartnik, A. Bassanese, S. Bawatna, M. Bazyl, D.B. Béchu, N. Büsing, B. Benabderrahmane, C. Bencivenga, F. Benson, S.V. Benwell, A.L. Berlin, A. Bettoni, S. Bielawski, S. Bermudez Macias, I.J. Beutner, B. Biallas, G.H. Blache, F. Boesenberg, U. Boffo, C. Bohler, D.K. Boogert, S.T. Boonpornprasert, P. Blank, V.D. Bonetti, S. Bopp, M. Borrelli, S. Bossi, M. Bostedt, C. Bousonville, M. Bouvet, F. Brachmann, A. Bratman, V.L. Brinker, F. Briquez, F. Brovko, O.I. Bruchon, N. Brügger, M. Bruhwiler, D.L. Brynes, A.D. Buaphad, P. Buck, J. Bucksbaum, P.H. Bykov, E.V. Braun, H.-H. Braune, M. Broers, C. Callegari, C. Calvi, M. , , , , , WEP008 TUP076 THP013 THP084 , , , , THP013 TUP082 , , TUD03 THP082 THP041 THP024 TUP058 TUP074 TUP078 THP013 THP040 THP073 WEP034 THP004 WEP065 WEP036 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , TUB04 THB03 TUB04 THP085 WEP106 , , , , , THP048 THP048 THB01 TUP079 WEP049 TUA03 THP083 WEP026 THP076 WED01 THP085 TUP010 TUP021 TUP012 TUP004 THP043 TUP076 TUD04 WEP105 THP046 WEP017 TUP076 WEP067 MOA02 THP079 TUP016 WEP031 TUP009 WEP084 THP081 WEP086 TUP056 MOA02 THP060 TUP073 TUP077 WEP019 TUP005 WEP001 WEP043 THP085 WEP018 WEP008 WEP102 WED01 TUP025 WED01 THP085 TUP043 WEP071 MOA02 TUP083 THP079 TUP051 TUP051 THA02 TUP001 THP003 TUP066 papercodes indicate primary authors —B— —A— Badano, L. 100 Baader, J.E. Bae, S. Baek, I.H. Bahns, I. Bahrdt, J. Bal, W. Balal, N. Balandin, V. Abubakirov, E.D. Ackermann, S. Abrami, A. Boldface Ackermann, W. Adachi, M. Adhlakha, N. Adolphsen, C. Aeppli, G. Agarwal, N. Aghababyan, A. Agustsson, R.B. Aiba, M. Aksoy, A.A. Alarcon, A.D. Alex, J. Alimohamadi, M. Alisauskas, S. Allaria, E. Alotaibi, B.M. Altuijri, R. Amann-Winkel, K. Amirkhanyan, Z.G. Amstutz, Ph. Andersson, J. André, T. Andriyash, I.A. Anisimov, P.M. Anton, J.W.J. Apostolov, E.M. Arbelo, Y.P. Arbuzov, V.S. Arnold, A. Arnold, A. Arrell, C. Arsov, V.R. Aryshev, A. Arzhannikov, A.V. Asakawa, M.R. Asgekar, V.B. Ashfold, M.N.R. Aßmann, R.W. Assouﬁd, L. Attwood, D.T. Avetissian, H.K. Awari, N. Azima, A.

Authors h,M.H. Cho, K. Cheverdine, K.N. Chernov, A. Cherepenko, W. Cheng, H.P.H. Cheng, G.K. Cheng, Z. Chen, rivc,P. Craievich, L.S. Cowie, T.E. Cowan, M.-E. Couprie, M. Coreno, S. Corde, W.B. Colson, P. Cinquegrana, A.P. Chávez, Cimental F. Cilento, T.Y. Chung, F. Christie, A. Choudhuri, P.J. Chou, M.C. Chou, S. Choroba, M. Chollet, Y. Chen, S. Chen, M. Chen, M. Chen, L.J. Chen, C.H. Chen, A. Chao, Y. Chang, C.H. Chang, C.-H. Chang, C.-C. Chang, C.K. Chan, E. Champenois, N. Chaisueb, T. Celcer, N. Cefarin, M. Cautero, N. Lasheras, Catalán D. Castronovo, H.M. Cortes, Castaneda S. Casalbuoni, B.E. Carlsten, R. Carley, S. Carbajo, F. Capotondi, zain,M.K. Czwalinna, P.J. Czuma, F. Curbis, I. Cudin, J. Cryan, TUB03 THP077 THP083 WEP045 WEP056 WEP003 THP015 THP015 THP007 THP051 WEP051 TUA03 THP066 TUP008 MOA02 MOA02 WEP068 TUP006 MOA02 THP050 THP079 WEP099 WEP006 WEP046 THP030 WEP039 WEP045 WEP105 TUP002 WEP028 WEP017 WEP056 WEP087 TUP091 THP020 THP043 WEP099 WEP099 THP030 THP030 THD02 THP031 THP085 WEB02 MOA02 WEP036 MOA02 WEP101 TUP004 MOC04 WEP018 THP034 MOA02 THB03 THP048 WEP021 WEB04 THP081 THP084 TUP066 MOA02 THD02 WEP019 , , , , , , , , , , TUP064 WEP036 TUP040 THP079 TUP081 THP079 THA04 THP085 WEP011 THP079 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , WEP004 THP043 WEP055 THP048 WEP100 WEP036 THP030 WEP049 WEA03 WEP029 THP076 THP029 THP030 THP030 THP065 TUP061 THP040 THP079 TUP067 , THP079 , , , , , , WEP032 WEP050 WEP037 WEP068 WEP001 WEP015 , , , , WEP062 THP030 WEP082 TUP090 , , , , , , , , oga,D. Douglas, S. Dordevic, U. Dorda, X. Dong, M. Dommach, ols M. Dohlus, B. Diviacco, ig Y. Ding, H.L. Ding, P. Dijkstal, Y. Dietrich, F. Dietrich, P. Pietro, Di iMti S. Mitri, Di M. Fraia, Di J. Derksen, X.J. Deng, H.X. Deng, P.K. Hartog, Den A.A. Demidovich, E.N. Dementyev, J.T. Delitz, P.Delgiusto, V. Romano, Pozo del J.-C. Deinert, O.I. Deichuli, ekn,W. Decking, ekr F.-J.Decker, T.C.H. Raadt, de M. Pas, De eNno G. Ninno, De R. Monte, De M.J. Loos, de H. Gersem, De S. Düsterer, A. Dax, I.V. Davidyuk, Ch. David, G. Dattoli, aalv M.B. Danailov, S. Zilio, Dal D.X. Dai, A. Dai, J. Silva, Da G. D’Auria, R.T.P.D’Arcy, — D — WEP003 WEP068 THP078 WEP036 THP045 WEP038 WEP036 TUP079 WEP079 TUP061 TUP056 MOA02 WEP106 THP040 TUP032 THP015 TUA03 THP048 WEP075 WEP001 THP013 THP010 THP022 THP017 THP079 THP076 MOA02 TUB04 WEP003 TUP046 MOA05 THP068 MOA02 THP083 THP040 THP079 WEP036 WEP017 THP083 THP007 WED02 WEP008 TUP058 TUA04 THP071 TUD04 THP063 TUP006 THP010 MOA02 THP079 THP032 THP008 WEP069 THP028 WEP094 WEB02 MOA01 THP079 MOA02 WEB02 THP015 , , , , , , , , , , , THP079 TUP068 TUB04 THP079 TUP063 TUP081 THP001 TUP009 THP034 TUB04 TUP081 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , WEP079 WEP051 TUP058 THP035 TUP035 THP043 WEP078 THP013 THP032 THP011 THP036 THP018 WEP004 THP019 WEP018 THP070 WEP013 TUP062 THP013 THP009 THP027 THP043 WEP004 THP079 , , WEP001 TUP082 , , , , , , , THB03 WEP028 WEP021 THP002 TUP056 THP051 WEP021 , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP049 TUP060 THP071 WEP043 WED03 THP079 THP012 THP020 WEP081 WEP014 TUP079 THP079 THP083 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , 101

Authors , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP013 THP060 THP001 WEP051 TUT01 TUP078 WEP096 TUP056 TUP073 WEP080 WEP018 TUP003 WEP035 THP045 WEP078 THP052 WEP008 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP050 THP048 TUP074 THP013 THP083 WEP080 WEP011 , , , , , , , TUB04 , THP073 TUP050 WEP074 WEP086 TUP062 WEP008 WEP050 TUP083 TUP021 THD01 THP085 TUP044 TUP077 TUP002 TUD03 WEP038 TUP005 TUP062 TUP079 THD03 THP085 WEP017 WEP015 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , WEP068 MOD04 TUP073 TUP082 THP085 TUP062 WEP002 WED04 THP001 , , , , , , , , , THP039 THP079 THP085 TUP030 TUP058 WED03 TUP044 THP077 WEP106 TUP058 WED04 THP009 WEP082 WEP075 THP048 TUP056 THA04 TUP002 WEP082 MOA02 MOA02 TUP082 THP079 TUP018 THP007 THP083 TUP048 WEP080 THP084 TUP006 WEP038 TUP036 THP077 MOA02 TUP076 WEP102 THP085 MOA02 TUP001 TUP024 TUP006 MOA02 THP079 WEP036 WED01 MOA02 THP048 WEP085 THP079 TUP004 TUP061 TUP077 THP051 WEP037 TUP004 WEP051 THP052 TUA04 THP040 WEP017 WEB04 WEP012 —G— Fuoss, P. Furlan Radivo, P. Frei, F. Freund, H. Freund, W. Friedman, A. Fritz, D.M. Fröhlich, L. Gjonaj, E. Glamann, N. Glaser, L. Goddet, J.-P. Golubeva, N. Golz, T. Good, J.D. Grau, A.W. Giacuzzo, F. Giannessi, L. Ginzburg, N.S. Gorbachev, Ya.I. Gorev, V.V. Gorobtsov, O. Goryashko, V.A. Gottschalk, S.C. Gough, C.H. Gover, A. Grattoni, V. Gadjev, I.I. Gaifﬁ, N. Gaio, G. Georgiev, G.Z. Getmanov, Ya.V. Gewinner, S. Ghaith, A. Ganter, R. Garzella, D. Gautier, J. Gehlot, M. Gelmetti, F. Geloni, G. Geng, Z.G. Gensch, M. Gerasimov, M.G. Gerasimova, N. Germanskiy, S. Gerth, C. , , , , , , , , THP071 TUP074 THP048 TUP078 THP066 TUP035 , , , , , , THP079 THP085 THP079 WEP010 TUP086 MOC02 WED01 THP086 , , , , , , , , THP079 TUP071 , , TUP092 TUP073 WEP002 TUP077 THP065 THP076 WEP072 THP079 TUP035 THP077 TUP033 WEP106 MOA02 WEP104 WED01 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , TUP082 WEP007 TUP085 WEP007 WEB02 TUA03 WEP096 THP028 WEP018 , , , , , , , , , WEB02 THB03 THP081 WEP066 TUP036 WEP103 WEP095 THP049 WEP036 MOA02 WEB03 WEP095 THD03 THP063 MOA02 THA04 WEP045 WEP042 THP048 TUP025 TUP052 TUP044 TUP055 THP008 TUP039 WEP001 TUP076 THP083 TUP006 THP069 MOA02 TUP076 THD02 FRA02 WEP101 TUP008 WEP070 THP079 THP010 WEP035 MOA05 MOA02 TUP034 TUP024 TUB04 WEP007 WEB04 WEP016 MOA02 THD02 WEP011 THP048 THP052 WEP066 WEP022 TUP032 WEP103 WEB04 MOA02 TUP082 MOC03 —F— —E— Faatz, B. Edstrom, D.R. El Ajjouri, M. Elçim, Ö.F. Elias, L. Emma, C. Eckoldt, H.-J. Enders, J. Endler, A. Evain, C. Dovzhenko, B.A. Dowell, D. Downer, M. dr. Grulja, S. Drescher, M. Driver, T.D.C. Dunham, M. Dunning, D.J. Evtushenko, P.E. Fabris, A. Fabris, R. Fahlström, S. Fang, G.P. Fawley, W.M. Fedin, M.V. Feifel, R. Felber, E.P. Felber, M. Feng, C. Duris, J.P. Dursun, B. Duval, J.P. Dyunin, E. Feng, H.Q. Feng, L.W. Feng, Y. Fenner, M. Ferianis, M. Ferrari, E. Fiedorowicz, H. Filippetto, D. Fisher, A.C. Fisher, A.S. Flechsig, U. Flöttmann, K. Foese, M. Foglia, L. Fol, E. Follath, R. Fomin, Ye. Franssen, J.G.H. Frassetto, F. Frömter, R. 102

Authors uek,V. Guzenko, J.J. Guo, J. Guo, M.W. Guetg, G. Rocco, Guerini B.A. Gudkov, Q. Gu, M. Gu, S. Grunewald, F.J.Grüner, C. Grün, A. Grudiev, U. Grosse-Wortmann, M. Groß, W.C. Grizolli, T. Grevsmühl, B.W. Green, A.Yu. Grebentsov, og J.H. Hong, Y. Honda, T. Holubek, M.C. Hoffmann, F. Hinode, W. Hillert, N. Hiller, B. Hidding, B. Hermann, C. Herbeaux, H. Heo, O. Hensler, J. Henderson, E. Hemsing, F. Hellberg, Z.G. He, T.H. He, Y. Hayakawa, J. Hawke, S.D. Hartwell, J. Hartung, I. Hartl, T. Hara, H. Hao, M.Y. Han, J.H. Han, M. Hamberg, H. Hama, C.C. Hall, A. Halavanau, R. Hajima, A. Yhya, Haj S.J. Hahn, A.F.Habib, J. Grünert, M.L. Grünbein, G. Grübel, — H — WEB02 THP023 WEP060 TUP092 WEA04 TUP016 THP023 MOA05 WEP073 THP047 WEP048 WEP036 WEP071 WEP062 TUP002 WEP106 WEP045 TUP007 WEP073 THP040 WEP078 WEP074 WEP064 TUP010 WEP082 WEP104 TUP014 THP041 TUP076 TUP009 WEP038 TUP051 WEB02 WEP068 TUB03 WEP008 TUP050 MOA02 WED02 THP015 WEP024 TUD02 THP047 TUP076 WEP045 TUP076 TUB02 TUP031 TUP065 WEP064 WEP035 TUP014 THP073 TUP092 TUP013 WEP020 THP057 TUP051 TUA04 THA01 THA04 TUP082 , , , , , WEP053 WEP029 TUP034 TUP058 THP039 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , MOA05 THP007 WEP050 THP076 WED03 WEP075 TUP011 TUP077 TUP073 THP061 THP048 THP043 WEP046 TUD01 WEP092 THP071 TUD02 THP067 , , , , , THB04 WED04 THP042 TUP062 TUP035 , , , , , , , WEP051 WEP077 THA03 TUP078 TUP074 WEP071 WEP093 , , , , , , , wn,J.-Y. Hwang, C.-S. Hwang, M. Huttula, J. Hussain, M. Huppert, O. Huerzeler, M. Hüning, T. Huelsenbusch, H. Huck, N. Hubert, zued,M. Izquierdo, M. Ivanyan, R. Ivanov, R. Ischebeck, L. Isaksson, Z. Huang, W.-H. Huang, S. Huang, R. Huang, P.W.Huang, N. Huang, L. Huang, D. Huang, K.H. Hu, H.P. Hsueh, K.T. Hsu, F.Z. Hsiao, S. Hruszkewycz, K. Honkavaara, se,I.I. Isaev, I. Inoue, I.E. Ilyakov, M. Ilchen, F.Iazzourene, R. Ianconescu, oe,J.K. Jones, R. Jonas, P.Johnsson, M.J. Johnson, H. Jöhri, X. Jin, Y. Jiao, Q.K. Jia, Y.U. Jeong, I.G. Jeong, M.Y. Jeon, I.J. Jeon, K.L. Jensen, H. Jeevakhan, U. Jastrow, K. Janulewicz, Y. Janik, K.H. Jang, J.C. Jan, B.T. Jacobson, — I — — J — WEP062 TUP002 TUB02 WEP017 WEP075 MOA02 TUP044 TUP016 THP030 WEP103 WEP039 WEP099 TUP062 WEP085 THP028 WEB02 WEP013 WEP071 TUP002 THP048 THP036 THP085 TUD04 WEP062 THP040 THP049 TUP076 WEB02 TUP066 TUP032 THP020 TUP031 WEP063 TUP002 TUP063 THP015 THP016 THP030 WEP039 THP030 THP030 THP039 THP005 THP082 THP065 WEP036 THP084 WEP066 THP085 WEP025 TUP045 MOA07 TUP016 TUP065 TUP016 WEP030 WEA02 TUP041 TUP055 THP081 WEP008 , , , , WEP104 THB03 THP079 TUP047 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP030 WEP100 THP085 WEP014 THP071 WEP069 THP084 TUP035 WEP056 WEP050 THP029 THP074 THP007 WEP050 WEP018 THP066 TUD03 THP058 TUP042 TUP058 THP082 WEP104 , THP061 , , , THP034 WEP063 WEP031 , , , , , , , , , THP030 WEP036 THD02 TUP092 WEP057 WEP051 THP030 WEP051 WEP078 , , , , , , 103

Authors , , , , , , , , , , , , THP048 WED03 WEP051 WEP062 WEP071 WEP025 THP029 TUP075 TUP078 TUP003 TUP035 THP084 WEP018 , , , , , , , , , , , , , WEP010 WEP051 WED03 WEP018 WEP074 WEP010 , , , , , , WEP068 TUP002 THP007 TUP033 THP079 THP007 TUP003 WEP065 WEP017 THP076 THP071 WEP050 WEP024 WEP039 WEP078 WEP055 WEP050 THP040 TUP074 TUP077 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , TUP062 WEP007 WEP011 TUP081 WEP007 WEP050 THP083 WEP074 , , , , , , , , WEP016 THP083 THP083 TUP001 WEP062 THP061 THP081 WEP036 THP079 WEP038 TUP080 THP047 THP083 TUP032 TUP062 THP083 WEP099 THP083 THP083 MOA02 WEP021 THP083 THP060 WEP030 WEP062 TUP001 TUP062 TUP066 TUP004 WEP081 WEB04 WEA03 THP034 THP030 TUD03 WEB01 TUP055 TUA04 THP069 TUA04 TUP002 WEP022 THP084 TUP091 TUP079 TUP076 TUP040 WEP075 WEP054 THP007 WEB04 WEP016 WEP066 THP048 WEP058 TUP076 THP030 WEB04 WEB02 WEP018 TUP073 TUP076 —L— Kozak, V.R. Kozyrev, E.V. Krasilnikov, M. Krause, A. Krawczyk, P. Krebs, O. Krecic, S. Krempaská, R.A. Krieg, D. Kruchinin, K.O. Krutikhin, S.A. Krzywi´nski,J. Kukk, E. Kulipanov, G.N. Kuo, C.Y. Kuper, E.A. Kuptsov, I.V. Kurdi, G. Kurkin, G.Y. Kuzikov, S.V. Kwon, D. Koss, G. Kot, Y.A. Kotur, M. Kovalev, S. Kozak, T. Kuan, C.K. Kubarev, V.V. Kube, G. Kuhlmann, M. Kujala, N.G. LaBerge, M. Laksman, J. Lal, S. Lao, C.L. Larsson, M. Lau, W.K. La Civita, D. Laarmann, T. Labat, M. Lamb, T. Lambert, A.R. Lambert, G. Lan, T. Lang, T. Lautenschlager, B. Lazzarino, M. Le Guyader, L. Lechner, C. , , , , , , , WEP009 TUP061 WED04 THA03 THP059 THP082 WEP098 WEP074 WEP051 , , , , , , , , , THP051 TUP038 THP051 WED04 WEP032 , , , , , THP085 , WEP004 WEP008 WEP093 TUP005 TUP079 WEP049 TUP011 TUD02 TUP080 WEP093 THP082 WEP031 TUP054 THP058 THP048 WEP097 TUP062 WED03 TUP079 THP048 WEP050 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , WED01 TUP017 WEP032 WEP032 TUP037 TUP017 , , , , , , WEP085 WEP050 THP048 WEP085 TUB03 WEP030 WEP092 TUB03 WEP031 WEP030 THP057 TUB03 TUD04 TUP053 THA02 TUB03 TUP065 WEP077 THP061 THA04 WEP068 WEP096 WED01 WEP036 THD02 THP076 WEP048 WEP081 THP083 TUB03 TUP025 TUP058 WEP078 TUP062 THP047 THP083 WEP068 THP047 TUP002 WEP003 TUP058 TUP065 WEP092 TUP006 TUA03 THP070 WEP018 TUB03 THP051 TUP004 TUP062 TUP025 TUP014 WEP045 TUP010 TUP011 THA03 WEP008 TUP025 TUP079 THP085 TUP076 I.B. ˙ —K— Kärtner, F.X. Kammering, R. Joo, Y.J. Jung, Y.G. Junkes, H. P.N. Juraniˇc, Kampfrath, T. Kang, H.-S. Karabekyan, S. Karslı, Ö. Kashiwagi, S. Katalev, V.V. Kato, R. Kawase, K. Kawata, H. Kay, H. Kaya, Ç. Kearney, S.P. Keil, B. Khan, S. Khan, S.M. Khazanov, E. Khojoyan, M. Khullar, R. Kim, C. Kim, D. Kim, D.E. Kim, G. Kim, H.W. Kim, J. Kim, J. Kim, K. Kim, K.-J. Kim, K.H. Kim, M.J. Kim, Y. Kirkwood, H. Kirschner, J. Kiskinova, M. Kitegi, C.A. Kittel, C. Kleeb, M. Kling, M. Klopf, J.M. Klose, K. Knodel, O. Knyazev, B.A. Ko, J.H. Koc, Koch, A. Kocharyan, V. Kocon, D. Kondakov, A.A. Kononenko, O.S. Korn, G. Koschitzki, C. 104

Authors i,W. Liu, T. Liu, S. Liu, P. Liu, K.X. Liu, J. Liu, B. Liu, V. Litvinenko, O. Lishilin, R.R. Lindberg, F. Lindau, M.-C. Lin, L. Lin, T. Limberg, V.Libov, X.Y. Liang, Z.B. Li, Y.S. Li, Y. Li, X. Li, X. Li, S. Li, Q.M. Li, P. Li, M. Li, L.B. Li, K. Li, J.Y. Li, H.T. Li, D. Li, C.L. Li, C. Li, B. Li, R. Letrun, A. Lestrade, Y.B. Leng, R.A. Lemons, F.Lemery, U. Lehnert, F.L.Lehmkühler, S.J. Lee, S.H. Lee, S. Lee, K. Lee, J.Y. Lee, H.R. Lee, A.P. Lee, S. Lederer, M. Lederer, N. Leclercq, WED04 THP056 TUP087 TUA01 TUP031 WEP056 WEP077 TUA04 MOA05 MOA06 WEP062 TUP002 TUD04 TUP038 TUP027 WEP065 WEP099 WEP056 TUP058 WEP036 WEP096 THP015 TUP037 TUA04 THP007 TUP001 WEP052 TUP002 THD02 THP015 WEP026 MOA03 MOA03 WEP025 WEP105 TUP031 MOA07 WEP066 WEP058 WEP046 WEP088 WEP077 THP048 MOA05 THP034 THP049 TUP008 THP039 WEP092 TUP065 THP039 TUP016 TUP065 TUP065 THP030 TUP091 WEP036 TUP005 THP048 WEP008 WEP069 WEP076 WEP023 , , , , , , , , TUP079 TUP058 WEP058 TUP031 TUP056 TUP015 TUP015 WEP063 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THD04 TUD01 WEP057 WEP078 THP007 WEP050 TUP053 TUP028 THP084 THP030 WEP008 WEP097 THP043 TUP038 TUP003 WEP050 THP043 WEP027 WEP106 THP076 WEP093 THP057 THP058 WEP039 WEP047 THP050 WEP074 THP002 WEP024 , , , , , WEB01 WEP018 TUP061 WEP022 WEP025 , , , , , , , , , , , , WED03 WEP051 TUP054 TUP037 WEP098 WEP062 WEP051 THP082 THP029 WEP062 WEP075 WEP025 , , , , , , , , , , , , , ay A. Mary, D. Marx, F. Marteau, G. Marinkovic, S. Marini, A. Marinelli, R.A. Margraf, acs G. Marcus, O. Marcouillé, B. Marchetti, S. Marchesini, F. Marcellini, ase,E. Mansten, B. Manschwetus, M. Manfredda, A. Mancuso, A. Malyzhenkov, M. Malvestuto, S.M. Lynam, atzpuo,Th. Maltezopoulos, A. Malkin, V. Malka, A.R. Maier, C. Mai, N. Mahne, A. Madsen, K. Machau, A.A. Lutman, Yu. Lurie, S. Lupi, Z.J. Luo, X. Luo, T.H. Luo, H. Luo, G.-H. Luo, A.H. Lumpkin, O.J. Luiten, F. Ludwig, T.G. Lucas, W. Lu, A. Loulergue, M. Lonza, C. Lombosi, G. Loisch, F. Löhl, N.M. Lockmann, Z.P. Liu, Y.Q. Liu, Y. Liu, W. Liu, W. Liu, aAtu,J.P.MacArthur, S. Ma, — M — THP036 MOD02 WEP026 WEP068 WEP036 WEP068 THP085 TUP039 THP071 TUP032 THP071 WEP106 TUP035 TUP032 WEP068 WEP036 WEP105 WEP036 THP084 TUP066 WEP071 MOA02 WEP077 TUA03 MOA02 THP040 WEP102 TUP062 THP034 THP007 WEP075 TUP018 THP048 WEP084 TUP080 MOA02 WEP079 WEP045 TUA02 WEP086 THP013 THP043 WEP024 WEP066 WEP059 THP030 WEP041 THP063 WEB04 THP064 WEP079 TUP040 MOA02 WEB02 TUP002 WED01 WEP012 WEP089 WEP056 TUD04 THP034 TUP045 , , , , , , , , , TUB04 TUP068 THP079 TUB04 TUP035 THP079 THB03 WEP105 TUP032 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP048 THD02 TUD04 THP034 TUP092 TUP033 THP048 THP085 WEP033 WEP078 THP071 TUA04 TUP021 THP047 THP024 WEP042 THP064 WEP068 WEP050 WEP035 WEP057 THP072 THP076 , , , THP079 THP079 THP085 , , , , , , TUD04 THP036 THB03 TUP058 TUP092 WEP106 , , , , , , , , , , , THP036 TUD04 TUP034 WEP065 WED03 THD02 THP077 THP069 THP048 WEP051 THD02 , , , , , , , , , 105

Authors , , , , , , , WEP014 THP024 TUP003 THP007 TUP076 WEP072 WEP051 , , , , , , , THP051 WEP021 TUP058 WED04 , , , , THP085 , THP079 THP082 WEP013 THP085 TUD02 TUP020 TUP002 THP048 TUP074 THP059 TUP054 THP082 THP082 THP085 THP085 WEP062 TUP078 WEP050 THP007 WED02 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THB03 WEP053 WEP032 TUP081 THP084 TUP056 , , , , , , WEP031 WEP008 TUP010 THA04 THP087 TUB03 TUP013 WEP008 TUP019 TUP001 WEB02 THP039 WEP036 WEP068 WEP057 THP085 TUP073 THP044 TUP053 WEP031 THP057 THP073 WEP095 THA04 WEP036 WEP102 WEP051 WEA04 THP081 THP055 WEP038 TUP077 TUD02 THA03 TUB03 THP059 THP044 TUP014 TUP036 THA04 THP077 TUP079 THP045 THP045 THP050 MOC01 TUP002 WEP062 THP081 THP063 MOA02 THP079 THA02 TUA04 WEP008 FRA01 THP061 THP035 WEB01 WEP107 —O— —P— Oang, K. Obier, F. Obina, T. Oepen, H.P. Ognivenko, V.V. Oh, B.G. Ohgaki, H. Omet, M. Oparina, Yu.S. Oppelt, A. Orlandi, G.L. Osaka, T. Osterhoff, J. Oumbarek Espinos, D. Ouyang, D.M. Ozkan Loch, C. Paraskaki, G. Parc, Y.W. Park, J.-W. Park, S. Park, S.H. Park, Y. Patthey, L. Pedersoli, E. Pedrozzi, M. O’Shea, F.H. Pagani, C. Palka, N. Pan, Z. Paraliev, M. Nagai, R. Nakamura, N. Nam, I.H. Nam, K.M. Nanbu, K. Nanni, E.A. Naumenko, D. Nause, A.N. Negodin, E. Neil, D.O. Neil, G. Nevay, L.J. Nguyen, D.C. Niemczyk, R. Nietubyc, R. Nijhof, D.F.J. Nikolov, I. Nilsson, A. Nölle, D. Nonnenmacher, M. Nosochkov, Y.M. Novokshonov, A.I. Nuhn, H.-D. , , , , , , TUP050 THP067 WEP062 WEP085 WEP071 THP073 , , , , , , WEP064 THA03 WEP053 WEP010 WEP062 , , , , , TUB04 , THP083 THP034 TUP049 TUP072 WEP072 WEP051 THP076 TUD01 TUP076 THP079 THP079 TUP042 TUD02 WEP071 THP067 WEP049 WEP046 THP073 TUP044 THP064 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , WEP032 THP079 TUP062 WEP053 WEP032 MOD04 WEP047 WEP007 , , , , , , , , WEP036 THP079 TUP074 TUB03 THP051 WEP018 MOA02 MOA02 TUP082 WEP050 TUP041 TUP010 THP046 THP034 TUP076 WEP053 WEP046 THP061 THP047 WEA04 WEP062 WEA02 TUP072 TUP014 WEP045 WEP073 TUP001 WEB04 WEP016 WEP093 TUP072 WEP102 TUP036 TUP014 THP063 TUB03 WEP049 MOA02 THP027 WEB04 TUP092 TUB04 THA04 THP008 WEP036 TUP026 TUP051 THP083 TUP077 TUP006 TUP002 THP007 TUP024 THP040 THP040 TUP058 TUP080 TUP062 TUP008 WEA04 TUP016 TUP031 Neil, B.W.J. c —N— Na, D.H. Nachtigal, Y. Masciovecchio, C. Matveev, A.S. U. Mavriˇc, Maxwell, T.J. Mazza, T. Müller, L. Müller, W.F.O. McMonagle, G. M Medvedev, L.E. Mehrjoo, M. Meijer, G. Melkumyan, D. Melnikov, A.R. Mercadier, L. Mercurio, G. Messerschmidt, M. Meyer auf der Heide, A. Meyer, M. Michel, P. Michelato, P. Miginsky, S.V. Mikhailov, S.F. Millar, W.L. Milloch, M. Miltchev, V. Min, C.-K. Mincigrucci, R. Miotti, P. Mirian, N.S. Mironov, S. Mishra, G. Miyajima, T. Mkrtchian, G.F. Moeller, S.P. Mohammad Kazemi, M. Mohanty, S.K. Mohr, C. Mojmir, M. Molodozhentsev, A.Y. Monaco, L. Moody, N.A. Morgan, J.F. Morita, N.M. Morozov, P. Mueller, E. Müller, F. Müller, J.M. Mun, G. Muratori, B.D. Murokh, A.Y. Musumeci, P. Muto, T. Mutsaers, P.H.A. 106

Authors ec,G. Penco, ec,A. Reich, Ribiˇc, P.Rebernik P.Rauer, T.O.Raubenheimer, A. Ratti, D.F.Ratner, J. Rathke, L. Raimondi, S.Y. Rah, S.W. Quan, W. Qin, J. Qiang, J. Qian, H.J. Qian, A. Przystawik, K.P. Przygoda, E. Principi, K.C. Prince, M. Predonzani, E. Prat, C. Pradervand, J. Poznaénski, V.Popov, M.A. Pop, P.Pongchalee, L.P.Poletto, O. Plekan, M.P. Planas, M. Placidi, S. Pitman, F. Piccirilli, A. Philippi-Kobs, S. Philipp, J. Pﬂüger, S. Pfeiffer, I. Petrov, V. Petrillo, F. Peters, E.A. Peter, N.Yu. Peskov, A. Perucchi, G. Penn, A. Penirschke, C. Pellegrini, — R — — Q — WEB02 MOA02 WEP102 THP040 THP079 TUP082 MOA02 TUP009 TUP032 THP071 TUP035 TUP006 MOA02 TUB03 WEP056 TUP067 TUP090 WEP066 THP068 WEP055 WEP050 TUP002 TUP076 WEP007 MOA02 TUB04 THP079 WEB02 TUP069 MOA02 THP085 THP081 TUP031 MOA02 TUP026 MOA02 TUB04 WED03 WEP074 THP012 WEP036 THP013 THA04 TUP001 TUP056 WEB04 TUA04 TUP084 WEP071 TUP039 THP060 TUP019 WEP001 MOA02 WEP019 MOA01 THB03 TUP090 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP013 TUB04 TUB01 TUB04 WEP018 THP079 WEP036 TUA03 TUP066 THP079 WEP011 TUP058 THP012 TUP044 THP085 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP012 TUP083 THP041 TUD04 THP034 THP084 WEP062 WEP051 WEA01 TUP070 TUD01 WEP075 TUP003 WED02 TUP020 THP013 WEP034 , , , , TUP082 TUB04 THP079 TUP068 , , , , , , , , , , THP079 WEP043 WEA03 TUP092 THP079 THP086 WED01 TUP067 WEP046 WEP079 , , , , , , , , , , THP071 THP013 TUP066 THP007 WEP054 TUP071 WEP078 TUP021 THP079 THP084 , , , , , , , , , , , , , yo,R. Rysov, L. Rumiz, D.W. Rule, J. Ruan, ose,E. Roussel, R. Rossmanith, F. Rossi, J. Roßbach, P.Rosenberger, W.R. Roseker, P.Rommeluère, J. Rönsch-Schulenburg, A.R. Robert, F.B.Rizzato, S. Rimjaem, M. Riepp, M. Reukauff, V.V.Repkov, cmd S.A. Schmid, J.F. Schmerge, W.F.Schlotter, clr,H. Schlarb, J. Schlappa, T. Schietinger, P. Schiepel, A. Scherz, A. Scheinker, M.A. Scheglov, W. Schöllkopf, J. Schaber, B.H. Schaap, C. Scafuri, A.V.Savilov, R. Sauro, T. Sato, F. Sannibale, E.S. Sandalov, L. Samoylova, N.J. Sammut, T.V.Salikova, P.M. Salen, E. Saldin, S. Reiche, adnwt A. Sakdinawat, F.Sakamoto, T. Sakai, H. Sakai, H. Saito, D. Jauregui, de Saez Á. Hernández, Saá — S — THP084 TUP062 TUD04 TUP011 TUD02 THA03 TUP014 WEP082 TUP071 THA04 THP079 WEP041 WEP042 WEP002 TUP040 FRA03 THP013 WEP076 THP079 TUP009 THD02 THA04 THP048 WEP006 THP039 TUP039 THP031 THA04 WEP036 THP083 THP085 THP009 FRA02 WEP105 WEP036 WEP036 WEP011 THP060 WEP079 TUP069 WEB04 THP040 TUP071 WEP003 WEP018 THP070 THP083 TUP006 THP076 THP063 MOA02 TUP019 MOA02 WEP077 WEP066 TUP021 TUA04 WEP097 THP083 MOA02 , , , , , , , THP039 THP039 WEP007 THP079 TUP058 TUA03 WEP105 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP069 WEP068 MOC02 MOA02 TUP076 WEP048 THP086 THP070 WED01 WEP016 TUP070 THB03 WEP004 THP040 TUP020 WEP098 THD01 TUP079 , TUP068 , , , , , , , WEP106 WEP001 MOC03 THB03 WEP010 THP085 TUP079 , , , , , , THP048 THP041 THP005 WEP019 TUP071 THP024 , , , , , , , , , , 107

Authors , , , , , , , , , , , TUP073 THP048 WEP079 WEP062 WEP078 THP079 WEP035 TUP003 , , , , , , , , TUP056 WEP051 WEP010 TUP005 , , , , THP041 TUP083 TUP082 , , , WEP002 TUP079 WEP055 WEP079 THP026 TUP058 THP013 THP079 WEP015 TUP002 THP073 THP022 TUP061 THP081 , , , , , , , , , , , , , TUP004 TUP009 WET01 TUB04 TUB04 WEP050 THP011 THP079 WEP007 , , , , , , , , , TUA04 THP081 WEP001 WEP036 TUP058 WEP054 WEP016 WEP073 WED02 TUP021 THP083 TUP079 THP048 WEA02 WEP102 THP025 TUP036 WEP080 WEP068 TUP055 WEP081 MOA02 THP010 MOA02 THP013 THP039 TUB04 WEP066 TUP021 THP081 WEP002 WEP048 TUP001 WEA03 THP007 THP039 THA04 THP064 THP037 MOA02 TUP044 TUB03 TUD02 THP015 THP073 THP039 MOA02 THP085 WEP071 WEB04 THP048 THP048 TUP010 TUD04 MOB01 THP020 THP034 MOA02 TUP056 TUP077 —T— Sinn, H. J. Szewi´nski, Szwaj, C. Szypula, K.T. Syresin, E. Szamota-Leandersson, K. Skovorodin, D.I. Skrinsky, A.N. Sleziona, V. Smartzev, S. Smedley, J. Smirnov, A.Yu. Smolyakov, N.V. Snively, E.J. Sobko, B. Somogyi, A. Sorokin, A.A. Spallek, R.G. Spampinati, S. Spezzani, C. Sprung, M. Squibb, R. Staples, J.W. Starostenko, A.A. Staszczak, M. Steffen, B. Stephan, F. Stephenson, B. Stojanovic, N. Stragier, X.F.D. Stupakov, G. Sturari, L. Sudar, N.S. Suh, Y.J. Sumitomo, Y. Sun, J.T. Sun, Y. Sutton, M. Svandrlik, M. Svetina, C. Swiderski, A. Sydlo, C. Ta Phuoc, K. Tafzi, A. Takai, R. Tan, T.-F. Tanaka, H. Tang, C.-X. Tang, J. Tanikawa, T. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , WEP098 TUP060 WEP073 THD03 THP005 TUP062 TUP079 TUP003 WEP054 THP007 TUD03 THP083 TUD02 WEP055 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP051 TUD04 TUP030 WEP021 TUP056 TUP062 THP001 WEP016 TUP005 WEP053 , , , , , , , , , , WEP097 TUP059 TUP062 THP070 WEP048 WEP106 THP083 TUP021 TUP061 TUP077 THP051 WEP004 TUP002 WEP051 WEP062 WEP079 TUP024 THP027 THP043 TUP011 THP082 WEP054 THP007 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , WEP011 THP085 TUP055 TUP058 WEP008 WEP007 TUP004 WEP047 WEP106 WEP032 TUP079 TUP029 THP051 TUP081 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , TUA04 THP079 WEA04 WEP062 THP032 WEP003 THP079 TUP001 WEP050 WEP055 THD01 WEP024 TUP079 TUP023 WEP094 THP015 TUD04 TUB03 THP059 TUP010 THA03 WEP031 THP057 TUB03 WEP079 WEP051 WEP062 TUB03 TUD04 MOA02 THP079 THP079 TUP021 WEP012 WEB04 WEP096 WED01 WED02 TUA04 TUP057 TUP061 THP085 MOA04 WEB01 THP002 WEP047 THP074 THP039 TUP006 WEP084 WEB04 WEP071 WEP105 THP048 THP083 THP081 THP084 TUP024 TUP018 TUP056 TUP073 WEP080 108 Schmidt, B. Schmidt, Ch. Schmidt, T. Schmidt-Föhre, F. Schneidmiller, E. Schnorr, K. Scholz, M. Schreiber, S. Schulte-Schrepping, H. Schultheiss, T. Schulz, B. Schulz, S. Seaberg, M.H. Sebdaoui, M. Sedlyarov, I.K. Sekutowicz, J.K. Sellberg, J.A. Serednyakov, S.S. Sergeev, A. Serkez, S. Serpico, C. Sertore, D. Setija, I. Shafak, K. Shafqat, N. Shaker, H. Shamuilov, G.K. Shan, L.J. Shayduk, R. Shevchenko, O.A. Shi, L. Shi, X. Shim, C.H. Shimada, M. Shin, J. Shin, S.Y. Shu, D. Shu, G. Shvyd’ko, Yu. Sigalotti, P. Simoncig, A. Sinitsky, S.L.

Authors iotk S.P. Virostek, N.A. Vinokurov, A.A. Vikharev, J. Viefhaus, C. Vicario, S. Vetter, R. Vescovo, M. Veronese, C. Venier, S.L. Veber, G. Vashchenko, A. Vascotto, I. Vartaniants, M. Vannoni, P.J.M. Slot, der van S.B. Geer, der van M. Valléau, P.Vagin, T. Uchiyama, K. Tsuchiya, K.L. Tsai, C.-Y. Tsai, M. Trunk, M. Trovò, A. Trisorio, F.Trillaud, A.G. Tribendis, A. Trebushinin, P.Traczykowski, S. Tomin, A.M.M. Todd, M. Titberidze, M. Tischer, K.I. Tiedtke, Y.H. Tian, R.M. Thurman-Keup, S. Thorin, N. Thompson, C. Thaury, G. Tews, S. Terentiev, S.Y. Teng, M. Teichmann, J. Teichert, V.G.Tcheskidov, P.F.Tavares, K.T. Tavakoli, H. Tarawneh, S.V.Tararyshkin, K. Tao, Y.Tanimoto, — V — — U — WEP066 THP027 TUP023 THP060 WEP075 THP028 THP034 THP011 WEP021 MOA02 THP011 TUP024 WEP062 TUP002 THP079 MOD03 TUP079 TUP030 TUP036 WEP068 WEP070 TUP010 THA03 THP030 MOD01 WEP084 THP013 MOA02 THP028 WEP085 THP083 TUP061 TUP049 TUP062 TUP005 TUP006 WEB04 WEP070 WEP078 TUP055 THP015 WEP042 TUP066 THP033 THP010 THP048 WEP036 TUP079 TUP091 THP040 WEP026 WEP094 THP084 WEP068 THP084 TUP024 THP015 THA03 WEP016 , , , WEB02 TUB04 WEP007 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP082 TUP031 THP085 THP013 THP007 WEP050 TUP050 THP032 THP048 WEP072 THP079 THP085 TUP050 THP070 TUP056 WEP072 TUP058 THP043 WEP065 THP065 THP030 THP076 THP027 THP048 THP083 THP043 , , WEP001 TUP082 , WEP010 , , , , , , , , , , , THP083 WEP094 THP079 WEP051 TUP051 THD03 TUP061 WEP073 THP084 WEP101 THP083 , , , , , , , , unc,W. Wuensch, Y.K. Wu, J. Wu, G.R. Wu, D. Wu, J. Wortmann, A. Wolski, F.Wolff-Fabris, T. Wohlenberg, L. Winkelmann, P.H. Williams, T. Wilksen, J. Wilgen, G.E. Wiemerslage, R.R. Whitney, M. White, S. Wesch, S. Werin, R.P.Wells, T. Weitkamp, T. Weiss, H. Weise, T. Weilbach, S. Weih, S.D. Webb, Zhe. Wang, Z.Q. Wang, Z. Wang, X.T. Wang, X.F.Wang, S. Wang, R. Wang, L. Wang, J. Wang, G.L. Wang, F.Wang, D. Wang, T. Wamsat, M. Walther, P.Walter, D. Voulot, G. Helden, von V.Volkov, M. Vogt, E. Vogel, V. (Fogel), Vogel P.Vobly, D. Vivoda, R. Visintini, anr U.H. Wagner, P.Wachulak, u Y.X. Xu, Y. Xu, Q. Xie, D.X. Xiao, R. Xiang, D. Xiang, — W — — X — WEP028 MOA07 WEP023 THP015 WEP056 MOA05 WEP008 THA04 WEP106 WEP095 THP081 WEP060 WEP091 WEP090 WEP023 WEP026 MOA02 THP084 THP004 WEP036 TUP031 TUP091 THP015 MOA03 WEP008 TUP072 TUA04 TUP079 WEP046 TUP072 WEP008 WED04 THP068 THP045 TUD04 WEP012 TUP066 WEP066 WEP068 WEP105 MOB02 TUP001 THP008 THP073 WEP017 THP015 THB04 WEP058 TUP085 TUP045 WEP038 TUP006 THP027 WEP006 WEA01 WEP045 THP083 MOA02 THP079 , , , , , TUP015 TUP061 THP068 WEP029 THP039 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , THP005 TUD01 THP030 THP043 WEP050 THP032 TUP067 WEP029 WEP025 THP085 THP083 WEP036 WED01 THP076 , , , THP080 THP085 WED02 , , TUP090 THP003 , , 109

Authors , , , , , , TUP062 TUP018 THP006 THP080 WEP104 TUD04 , , , , , , TUP058 THP080 WEP010 , , , THP079 , TUP061 THP060 THP005 TUD02 THP043 WEP043 WEP071 THD02 WEP026 TUP033 , , , , , , , , , , WEP058 TUP056 THP079 TUB04 TUP085 WEP007 , , , , , , TUP043 TUP021 TUP078 TUP013 WEP037 MOA05 MOA07 THP015 WEP058 THP022 TUP034 MOA02 TUA04 TUP060 THP070 THP081 THP085 MOA02 MOA02 THD02 THP043 WEP029 WEP057 WEP063 MOA05 FRA04 TUP018 TUP076 THP073 THP014 WEP061 THP043 WEP024 TUP088 THP054 TUP032 THP071 THP040 TUP018 WEP079 WEB04 WEP016 —Z— Zarei, A. Zaslavsky, V.Yu. Zemella, J. Zen, H. Zennaro, R. Zhang, M. Zhang, S.C. Zhang, W.Q. Zhang, W.Y. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. Zaccaria, M. Zagorodnov, I. Zagrajek, P. Zandonella, A.C. Zangrando, D. Zangrando, M. Zhang, Z.G. Zhao, R. Zhao, S. Zhao, Z. Zhao, Z.T. Zheleznov, I.V. Zheng, J. Zholents, A. Zhou, D. Zhou, J.H. Zhou, J.M. Zhou, K. Zhou, K.S. Zhou, Q.H. Zhu, D. Zhu, J. Zotova, I.V. Zozulya, A. Zummack, F. , , , THP080 TUP059 TUP062 , , , TUP056 , TUD01 THP018 WEP027 THP043 THP040 WEP049 THP043 TUP058 TUP061 , , , , , , , , , WEP032 TUB04 TUP055 , , , TUP079 TUP018 TUP010 TUP031 THP017 TUP015 TUB03 THP043 THP015 WEP025 MOD04 THP015 THP067 WEP018 WEP044 WEP045 MOA05 THP062 TUP006 THP015 THP043 TUP016 TUA04 TUP057 TUP060 WEP073 —Y— Yakopov, M. Yalandin, M.I. Yamamoto, N. Yan, J. Yan, J.W. Yan, L.G. Yang, H. Yang, J.Y. Yang, J.Y. Yang, X. Yang, X. Yang, X.M. Yao, A.M. Yaroslavtsev, A.A. Ye, H. Yildirim, B. Yin, L. Ying, M. Young, L.M. Yu, Y. Yuan, K.J. Yun, T. Yurkov, M.V. 110

Authors