Willows and Deer Rubbings (Volunteer Canyon Background Information)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Willows and Deer Rubbings (Volunteer Canyon Background Information) Willows and Deer Rubbings (Volunteer Canyon Background Information) Most male species of deer (reindeer are the exception) grow and shed a pair of antlers each year. Antlers play an important function in attracting mates and fighting other males during the breeding season. Antlers begin to grow in March/April and are shed in December/January. Antlers are among the fastest growing tissue in the animal kingdom - up to one inch per day depending on the age, genetics and quality of nutrition that an individual receives. Antlers (racks) regrow bigger each year until about the age of 7 years. As antlers grow they are covered with a tissue that, because of it’s texture and appearance, is called velvet. Velvet provides the growing antler tissue the blood (oxygen and nutrients) necessary to promote this rapid growth. (Photo from MGP Camera Trap at Griffin & Olive Hyde Trail junction) Just before the mating season in late August/early September, the antlers complete their growth cycle and turn to solid bone. To assist in the removal of this velvet that is no longer needed, deer are known to seek out and rub their antlers against tree trunks and branches. One of the most popular trees selected by deer for this antler rubbing is willow. Many species of willow contain salicin, a chemical similar to aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid). Salicin has pain relieving and anti-inflammatory properties that are believed to provide deer with some relief from the shedding process of the velvet on their antlers. (Photo from Willow Seep on Olive Hyde Trail) Willow and Deer Page 1 Willows and Deer Rubbings (Volunteer Canyon Background Information) Once the mating season is over, the antlers are shed and the entire process begins again the following spring. Antlers are often hard to find in nature because animals, mostly rodents, consume them to acquire calcium and other nutrients. The use of willow (by people) dates back thousands of years, to the time of Hippocrates (400 BC) when patients were advised to chew on the bark to reduce fever and inflammation. Willow back has been used throughout the centuries in China and Europe, and continues to be used today for treatment of pain. Native Americans chewed or boiled a tea from willow’s leaves or inner bark to relieve fever or other minor pain like toothaches, headaches, or arthritis. Some sources give the willow the nickname “toothache tree”. Aside from medicine, Native Americans developed many applications for willow. These include material to make arrow shafts, paint brushes, fish traps, granary baskets, cradleboards, dream catchers, stick figures and portions of homes. Salicin is a natural insect repellent making willow a good choice for granary baskets. On a side story/interesting fact : North American beavers have a gland (castor sacs) that release a substance called castoreum which is used to mark territory. Salicin is one of the primary substances found in castoreum. Accumulation of salicin in beavers is credited to willow in their diet. Castoreum is an approved FDA substance that is used in perfumes (leathery notes) and as a “natural flavoring” (vanilla substitute) in some food products. How castoreum is harvested is the next question …. ! (photo from article entitled, “Beaver butt used as 'natural flavoring' in your food”) Willow and Deer Page 2 .
Recommended publications
  • Table S1: Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV, NPV, and F1 Score of NLP Vs. ICD for Identification of Symptoms for (A) Biome Developm
    Table S1: Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and F1 score of NLP vs. ICD for identification of symptoms for (A) BioMe development cohort; (B) BioMe validation cohort; (C) MIMIC-III; (D) 1 year of notes from patients in BioMe calculated using manual chart review. A) Fatigue Nausea and/or vomiting Anxiety Depression NLP (95% ICD (95% CI) P NLP (95% CI) ICD (95% CI) P NLP (95% CI) ICD (95% CI) P NLP (95% CI) ICD (95% CI) P CI) 0.99 (0.93- 0.59 (0.43- <0.00 0.25 (0.12- <0.00 <0.00 0.54 (0.33- Sensitivity 0.99 (0.9 – 1) 0.98 (0.88 -1) 0.3 (0.15-0.5) 0.85 (0.65-96) 0.02 1) 0.73) 1 0.42) 1 1 0.73) 0.57 (0.29- 0.9 (0.68- Specificity 0.89 (0.4-1) 0.75 (0.19-1) 0.68 0.97 (0.77-1) 0.03 0.98 (0.83-1) 0.22 0.81 (0.53-0.9) 0.96 (0.79-1) 0.06 0.82) 0.99) 0.99 (0.92- 0.86 (0.71- 0.94 (0.79- 0.79 (0.59- PPV 0.96 (0.82-1) 0.3 0.95 (0.66-1) 0.02 0.95 (0.66-1) 0.16 0.93 (0.68-1) 0.12 1) 0.95) 0.99) 0.92) 0.13 (0.03- <0.00 0.49 (0.33- <0.00 0.66 (0.48- NPV 0.89 (0.4-1) 0.007 0.94 (0.63-1) 0.34 (0.2-0.51) 0.97 (0.81-1) 0.86 (0.6-0.95) 0.04 0.35) 1 0.65) 1 0.81) <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 F1 Score 0.99 0.83 0.88 0.57 0.95 0.63 0.82 0.79 0.002 1 1 1 Itching Cramp Pain NLP (95% ICD (95% CI) P NLP (95% CI) ICD (95% CI) P NLP (95% CI) ICD (95% CI) P CI) 0.98 (0.86- 0.24 (0.09- <0.00 0.09 (0.01- <0.00 0.52 (0.37- <0.00 Sensitivity 0.98 (0.85-1) 0.99 (0.93-1) 1) 0.45) 1 0.29) 1 0.66) 1 0.89 (0.72- 0.5 (0.37- Specificity 0.96 (0.8-1) 0.98 (0.86-1) 0.68 0.98 (0.88-1) 0.18 0.5 (0-1) 1 0.98) 0.66) 0.88 (0.69- PPV 0.96 (0.8-1) 0.8 (0.54-1) 0.32 0.8 (0.16-1) 0.22 0.99 (0.93-1) 0.98 (0.87-1) NA* 0.97) 0.98 (0.85- 0.57 (0.41- <0.00 0.58 (0.43- <0.00 NPV 0.98 (0.86-1) 0.5 (0-1) 0.02 (0-0.08) NA* 1) 0.72) 1 0.72) 1 <0.00 <0.00 <0.00 F1 Score 0.97 0.56 0.91 0.28 0.99 0.68 1 1 1 *Denotes 95% confidence intervals and P values that could not be calculated due to insufficient cells in 2x2 tables.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of Organic Small Molecules in Pain Management
    molecules Review The Role of Organic Small Molecules in Pain Management Sebastián A. Cuesta and Lorena Meneses * Laboratorio de Química Computacional, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Escuela de Ciencias Químicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 Apartado, Quito 17-01-2184, Ecuador; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +593-2-2991700 (ext. 1854) Abstract: In this review, a timeline starting at the willow bark and ending in the latest discoveries of analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs will be discussed. Furthermore, the chemical features of the different small organic molecules that have been used in pain management will be studied. Then, the mechanism of different types of pain will be assessed, including neuropathic pain, inflammatory pain, and the relationship found between oxidative stress and pain. This will include obtaining insights into the cyclooxygenase action mechanism of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) such as ibuprofen and etoricoxib and the structural difference between the two cyclooxygenase isoforms leading to a selective inhibition, the action mechanism of pregabalin and its use in chronic neuropathic pain, new theories and studies on the analgesic action mechanism of paracetamol and how changes in its structure can lead to better characteristics of this drug, and cannabinoid action mechanism in managing pain through a cannabinoid receptor mechanism. Finally, an overview of the different approaches science is taking to develop more efficient molecules for pain treatment will be presented. Keywords: anti-inflammatory drugs; QSAR; pain management; cyclooxygenase; multitarget drug; Citation: Cuesta, S.A.; Meneses, L. cannabinoid; neuropathic pain The Role of Organic Small Molecules in Pain Management.
    [Show full text]
  • NINDS Custom Collection II
    ACACETIN ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE ACECLIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ACEMETACIN ACETAMINOPHEN ACETAMINOSALOL ACETANILIDE ACETARSOL ACETAZOLAMIDE ACETOHYDROXAMIC ACID ACETRIAZOIC ACID ACETYL TYROSINE ETHYL ESTER ACETYLCARNITINE ACETYLCHOLINE ACETYLCYSTEINE ACETYLGLUCOSAMINE ACETYLGLUTAMIC ACID ACETYL-L-LEUCINE ACETYLPHENYLALANINE ACETYLSEROTONIN ACETYLTRYPTOPHAN ACEXAMIC ACID ACIVICIN ACLACINOMYCIN A1 ACONITINE ACRIFLAVINIUM HYDROCHLORIDE ACRISORCIN ACTINONIN ACYCLOVIR ADENOSINE PHOSPHATE ADENOSINE ADRENALINE BITARTRATE AESCULIN AJMALINE AKLAVINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALANYL-dl-LEUCINE ALANYL-dl-PHENYLALANINE ALAPROCLATE ALBENDAZOLE ALBUTEROL ALEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE ALLANTOIN ALLOPURINOL ALMOTRIPTAN ALOIN ALPRENOLOL ALTRETAMINE ALVERINE CITRATE AMANTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMBROXOL HYDROCHLORIDE AMCINONIDE AMIKACIN SULFATE AMILORIDE HYDROCHLORIDE 3-AMINOBENZAMIDE gamma-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID AMINOCAPROIC ACID N- (2-AMINOETHYL)-4-CHLOROBENZAMIDE (RO-16-6491) AMINOGLUTETHIMIDE AMINOHIPPURIC ACID AMINOHYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID AMINOLEVULINIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOPHENAZONE 3-AMINOPROPANESULPHONIC ACID AMINOPYRIDINE 9-AMINO-1,2,3,4-TETRAHYDROACRIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMINOTHIAZOLE AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE AMIPRILOSE AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMLODIPINE BESYLATE AMODIAQUINE DIHYDROCHLORIDE AMOXEPINE AMOXICILLIN AMPICILLIN SODIUM AMPROLIUM AMRINONE AMYGDALIN ANABASAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANABASINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANCITABINE HYDROCHLORIDE ANDROSTERONE SODIUM SULFATE ANIRACETAM ANISINDIONE ANISODAMINE ANISOMYCIN ANTAZOLINE PHOSPHATE ANTHRALIN ANTIMYCIN A (A1 shown) ANTIPYRINE APHYLLIC
    [Show full text]
  • SOME NEW DRUGS in the TREATMENT of RHEUMATIC FEVER by M
    Postgrad Med J: first published as 10.1136/pgmj.28.317.179 on 1 March 1952. Downloaded from I79 SOME NEW DRUGS IN THE TREATMENT OF RHEUMATIC FEVER By M. J. H. SMITH, M.PHARM., PH.D., F.R.I.C. Department of Chemical Pathology, King's College Hospital Medical School, London Introduction every 4 to 8 hours. Symptoms such as dizziness, The usefulness of salicylates in rheumatic fever drowsiness and nausea developed in a small pro- is unquestioned, though their undesirable side- portion of the subjects, but in no instance were effects on the gastro-intestinal tract and on the these side-effects serious. The substance differed special senses are a drawback in prolonged therapy. from salicylic acid in producing a depression of Attempts to find allied substances with a greater the central nervous system in laboratory animals safety margin have been made and three com- and a decrease in the prothrombin time in man. pounds, salicylamide, sodium gentisate and The favourable clinical reports have led to the y-resorcylic acid, have recently been introduced. proposal that a large well-controlled trial should The treatment of rheumatic fever with ACTH be made.6 and cortisone has been the subject of a number of general reviews1' 2 and will not be discussed in the Gentisic Acid (2: 5-dihydroxybenzoic acid) present article. The cost and scarcity of these COOH by copyright. materials have stimulated a search for simpler compounds with a similar physiological action and a cinchoninic acid derivative (HPC) for which an ACTH-like activity is claimed, has been tried \AOH clinically in acute rheumatic fever.
    [Show full text]
  • Drug Name Plate Number Well Location % Inhibition, Screen Axitinib 1 1 20 Gefitinib (ZD1839) 1 2 70 Sorafenib Tosylate 1 3 21 Cr
    Drug Name Plate Number Well Location % Inhibition, Screen Axitinib 1 1 20 Gefitinib (ZD1839) 1 2 70 Sorafenib Tosylate 1 3 21 Crizotinib (PF-02341066) 1 4 55 Docetaxel 1 5 98 Anastrozole 1 6 25 Cladribine 1 7 23 Methotrexate 1 8 -187 Letrozole 1 9 65 Entecavir Hydrate 1 10 48 Roxadustat (FG-4592) 1 11 19 Imatinib Mesylate (STI571) 1 12 0 Sunitinib Malate 1 13 34 Vismodegib (GDC-0449) 1 14 64 Paclitaxel 1 15 89 Aprepitant 1 16 94 Decitabine 1 17 -79 Bendamustine HCl 1 18 19 Temozolomide 1 19 -111 Nepafenac 1 20 24 Nintedanib (BIBF 1120) 1 21 -43 Lapatinib (GW-572016) Ditosylate 1 22 88 Temsirolimus (CCI-779, NSC 683864) 1 23 96 Belinostat (PXD101) 1 24 46 Capecitabine 1 25 19 Bicalutamide 1 26 83 Dutasteride 1 27 68 Epirubicin HCl 1 28 -59 Tamoxifen 1 29 30 Rufinamide 1 30 96 Afatinib (BIBW2992) 1 31 -54 Lenalidomide (CC-5013) 1 32 19 Vorinostat (SAHA, MK0683) 1 33 38 Rucaparib (AG-014699,PF-01367338) phosphate1 34 14 Lenvatinib (E7080) 1 35 80 Fulvestrant 1 36 76 Melatonin 1 37 15 Etoposide 1 38 -69 Vincristine sulfate 1 39 61 Posaconazole 1 40 97 Bortezomib (PS-341) 1 41 71 Panobinostat (LBH589) 1 42 41 Entinostat (MS-275) 1 43 26 Cabozantinib (XL184, BMS-907351) 1 44 79 Valproic acid sodium salt (Sodium valproate) 1 45 7 Raltitrexed 1 46 39 Bisoprolol fumarate 1 47 -23 Raloxifene HCl 1 48 97 Agomelatine 1 49 35 Prasugrel 1 50 -24 Bosutinib (SKI-606) 1 51 85 Nilotinib (AMN-107) 1 52 99 Enzastaurin (LY317615) 1 53 -12 Everolimus (RAD001) 1 54 94 Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506) 1 55 24 Thalidomide 1 56 40 Tivozanib (AV-951) 1 57 86 Fludarabine
    [Show full text]
  • Keynotes of the Homoeopathic Materia Medica Dr. Adolph VON
    KKeeyynnootteess ooff TThhee HHoommooeeooppaatthhiicc MMaatteerriiaa MMeeddiiccaa DDrr.. AAddoollpphh VVOONN LLIIPPPPEE Aconitum Napellus. Agaricus Muscarius. Agnus Castus. Allium Cepa. Aloe. Alumina. Ambra Grisea. Ammonium Carbonicum. Ammonium Muriaticum. Anacardium. Angustura. Antimonium Crudum. Antimonium Tartaricum Apis Mellifica. Argentum Metallicum. Arnica Montana. Arsenic Album. Arsenic Metallicum. Asafoetida. Asarum Europaeum. Aurum Metallicum. Baryta Carbonica. Belladonna. Bismuth. Borax. Bovista. Bromium. Bryonia Alba. Caladium Seguinum. Calcarea Ostrearum. Camphora. Cannabis Sativa. Cantharides. Capsicum. Carbo Animalis. Carbo Vegetablis. Cascarilla. Castoreum. Causticum. Chamomilla. Chelidonium Majus. Cicuta Virosa. China. Cina. Cinnamonum. Cinnabaris. Clematis Erecta. Cocculus. Coffee Cruda. Colchicum. Colocynthis. Conium Maculatum. Corallium Rubrum. Crocus Sativus. Croton Tiglium. Cuprum Metallicum. Cyclamen. Daphne Mezereum. Digitalis Purpurea. Drosera. Dulcamara. Euphorbia. Euphrasia. Ferrum Metallicum. Graphites. Guajacum. Helleborus Niger. Hepar Sulphuris Calcareum. Hyoscyamus Niger. Ignatia Amara. Iodum. Ipecacuanha. Kali Carbonicum. Kali Nitrium. Laurocerasus. Ledum Palustre. Lycopodium Clavatum. Magnesia Carbonica. Manganum. Menyanthes. Mercurius Sublimatus. Mercurius Solubilis Hahnemanni. Mezereum Daphne. Moschus. Muraticum Acidum. Natrum Carbonicum. Natrum Muriaticum. Nitric Acidum. Nux Moschata. Oleander. Opium. Paris Quadrifolia. Phosphoric acid. Phosphorus. Platina. Plumbum. Ranunculus Bulbosus. Ranunculus Scleratus.
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Science of Milk Included in Celsus' Treatise De Medicina
    Studia Ceranea 6, 2016, p. 323–353 ISSN: 2084-140X DOI: 10.18778/2084-140X.06.17 e-ISSN: 2449-8378 Maciej Kokoszko (Łódź) Jolanta Dybała (Piotrków Trybunalski) Medical Science of Milk Included in Celsus’ Treatise De medicina ilk has always been a very significant food product in the Mediterranean1 M(but also in other regions of the ancient world2). Thus, it comes as no sur- prise that ancient and Byzantine physicians devoted their research to this subject3. It is commonly believed that fresh milk was quite rare in everyday diet of those times, whereas its derivative – namely cheese – was consumed much more fre- quently. This general production-consumption pattern survived the Antiquity and was equally characteristic of the early Middle Ages4. 1 For the areas initially untouched by the Greek culture, and later by the Roman culture, cf. E. Bres- ciani, Nourritures et boissons de l’Égypte ancienne, [in:] Histoire de l’alimentation, ed. J.-L. Flan- drin, M. Montanari, Paris 1996, p. 63, 65, 67; J. Soler, Les raisons de la Bible: règles alimentaires hébraïques, [in:] Histoire…, p. 73–74, 79; A. Spanò Giammellaro, Les Phéniciens et les Carthaginois, [in:] Histoire…, p. 91, 96 etc. For the Greco-Roman area of the Mediterranean basin, cf. M.-C. Amo- uretti, Villes et campagnes grecques, [in:] Histoire…, p. 138, 143; J.P. Alcock, Milk and its Products in Ancient Rome, [in:] Milk. Beyond the Dairy. Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Food and Cookery 1999, ed. H. Walker, Totnes 2000, p. 31–38; C.A. Déry, Milk and Dairy Products in the Ro- man Period, [in:] Milk…, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Comparative Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Salix Cortex Extracts And
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Comparative Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Salix Cortex Extracts and Acetylsalicylic Acid in SARS-CoV-2 Peptide and LPS-Activated Human In Vitro Systems Nguyen Phan Khoi Le 1 , Corinna Herz 1, João Victor Dutra Gomes 1 , Nadja Förster 2, Kyriaki Antoniadou 3, Verena Karolin Mittermeier-Kleßinger 3, Inga Mewis 2 , Corinna Dawid 3 , Christian Ulrichs 2 and Evelyn Lamy 1,* 1 Molecular Preventive Medicine, University Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79108 Freiburg, Germany; [email protected] (N.P.K.L.); [email protected] (C.H.); [email protected] (J.V.D.G.) 2 Division Urban Plant Ecophysiology, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany; [email protected] (N.F.); [email protected] (I.M.); [email protected] (C.U.) 3 Food Chemistry and Molecular Sensory Science, Technical University of Munich, Lise-Meitner-Str. 34, 85354 Freising, Germany; [email protected] (K.A.); [email protected] (V.K.M.-K.); [email protected] (C.D.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-761-270-82150 Abstract: The usefulness of anti-inflammatory drugs as an adjunct therapy to improve outcomes in COVID-19 patients is intensely discussed. Willow bark (Salix cortex) has been used for centuries Citation: Le, N.P.K.; Herz, C.; Gomes, to relieve pain, inflammation, and fever. Its main active ingredient, salicin, is metabolized in the J.V.D.; Förster, N.; Antoniadou, K.; human body into salicylic acid, the precursor of the commonly used pain drug acetylsalicylic Mittermeier-Kleßinger, V.K.; Mewis, acid (ASA).
    [Show full text]
  • A Double-Blind Controlled Crossover Study to Investigate the Efficacy Of
    Complementary Therapies in Medicine 44 (2019) 102–109 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Complementary Therapies in Medicine journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ctim A double-blind controlled crossover study to investigate the efficacy of salix extract on primary dysmenorrhea T ⁎ Z. Raisi Dehkordia,M.Rafieian-kopaeib, F.S. Hosseini-Baharanchic,d, a Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran b Medical Plants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Science, Shahrekord, Iran c Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran d Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Objectives: Primary dysmenorrhea in the absence of pelvic pathology is a common gynecologic disorder affecting Dysmenorrhea the quality of life of women of reproductive age. This study evaluates the effect of salix extract on primary Salix dysmenorrhea. Mefenamic acid Design: This study was a randomized crossover clinical trial. Complementary therapies Setting: The study population included 96 female students with level two or three of primary dysmenorrhea: 48 Cross-over studies students in the treatment group (sequence I) followed by control (sequence II) and 48 students in control group (sequence I) followed by treatment (sequence II). Interventions: The intervention was salix capsule (400 mg daily) and the active control was mefenamic acid capsule (750 mg daily) as. Main outcomes: Pain intensity, measured by the visual analog scale (VAS), amount of bleeding, and severity of dysmenorrhea symptoms were outcomes. Generalized estimating equations were used for data analysis. Results: The demographic and menstrual characteristics of the students were homogenous between the groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Books in the Byzantine World
    EIKASMOS Quaderni Bolognesi di Filologia Classica Studi Online, 2 MEDICAL BOOKS IN THE BYZANTINE WORLD EDITED BY BARBARA ZIPSER BOLOGNA 2013 Medical books in the Byzantine world edited by BarbaraZipser Bologna 2013 o Eikasmós Online II ISSN 2282-2178 In memoriam David Bennett y Table of Contents Acknowledgments . vii List of figures. .xi List of abbreviations . xii 1. Prefatory note: the uses of medical manuscripts Peregrine Horden (RHUL and Oxford). .1 2. Byzantine medicine, genres, and the ravages of time Vivian Nutton (UCL) . 7 3. Disease and where to treat it: a Byzantine vade mecum Dionysios Stathakopoulos (KCL) . 19 4. Two Latin Pre-Salernitan medical manuals, the Liber passionalis and the Tereoperica (Ps. Petroncellus) Klaus-Dietrich Fischer (Mainz) . 35 5. The fate of a Greek medical handbook in the Medieval West: the Intro- duction, or the Physician ascribed to Galen Caroline Petit (ICS) . 57 6. Aristotle and the Caliph's Dream. Aspects of medical translations David Bennett (formerly NHS and RHUL) . 79 7. `Syriac' plant names in a fifteenth century Greek glossary (From the Wellcome Library Books and Manuscripts) Nikolaj Serikoff (Wellcome Library). .97 8. The Reception of Galen's Art of medicine in the Syriac Book of medicines Siam Bhayro (Exeter) . 123 9. Medieval hospital formularies: Byzantium and Islam compared Peregrine Horden (RHUL and Oxford) . 145 10. Cancerous cells, Neanderthal DNA and the tradition of Byzantine me- dicine. Textual criticism in philology and genomics Florian Markowetz (Cancer Research UK Cambridge and University of Cambridge) and Barbara Zipser (RHUL) . 165 Acknowledgements This volume originates from a conference on Byzantine Medical Manuals in Context, held in central London on the 19th of September 2009.
    [Show full text]
  • 03/11/2020 Time: 09:00 AM Location: 229 Committee: Senate Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Health Senate Education
    DAVID Y. IGE DR. CHRISTINA M. KISHIMOTO GOVERNOR SUPERINTENDENT STATE OF HAWAI`I DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION P.O. BOX 2360 HONOLULU, HAWAI`I 96804 Date: 03/11/2020 Time: 09:00 AM Location: 229 Committee: Senate Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Health Senate Education Department: Education Person Testifying: Dr. Christina M. Kishimoto, Superintendent of Education Title of Bill: HB 2457, HD2 RELATING TO THE YOUTH VAPING EPIDEMIC. Purpose of Bill: Beginning 1/1/2021: bans the sale of flavored tobacco products; prohibits mislabeling of e-liquid products containing nicotine; and establishes fines and penalties for violations. Requires the Department of Education to establish a safe harbor program by which persons under 21 years of age may dispose of electronic smoking devices in their possession. Requires public school teachers and educators to confiscate electronic smoking devices. Increases fines for the purchase or possession of tobacco products and electronic smoking devices by persons under 21 years of age. Authorizes a court to impose, as a penalty on a person 18-21 years of age who is convicted of possession of a tobacco product or electronic smoking device, the requirement to complete a tobacco education program, complete a tobacco use cessation program, or perform community service instead of paying a fine. Effective 7/1/2050. (HD1) Department's Position: The Department of Education (Department) appreciates the intent and offers comments on HB 2457, HD2. There is a zero-tolerance for tobacco products and electronic smoking devices (ESDs) on the Department’s campuses, transportation, and/or during Department school-sponsored activities. The Department is working in partnership with the Hawaii Department of Health (DOH) to educate youth to make positive health decisions.
    [Show full text]
  • Price List Is Updated Daily
    Disclaimer: This price list is updated daily. Eden Botanicals, LLC Please see our website for the most current information. 3820 Cypress Dr. #12 Petaluma, CA 94954 USA Distilled Essential Oils · Expresed Citrus Oils www.edenbotanicals.com Absolutes - CO2 Extracts · Organic Extracts (Extraits) [email protected] Wildcrafted Essential Oils & Extracts · Rare & Precious Oils Organic Essential Oils · Organic CO2 Extracts · Dilutions Toll Free 1-855-EDENOIL Antioxidants · Carrier Oils · Essence Blends Tel 1-707-509-0041 Containers · Accessories Fax 1-707-949-2526 Eden Botanicals Catalog - Page 1 Updated Sep 24, 2021 COMMON NAME ITEM SAMPLE 5 10 15 ML 30 ML 2 4 8 16 1 (Scientific Name) CODE VIAL ML ML (1/2 OZ) (1 OZ) OZ OZ OZ OZ KG NEWLY ADDED HAS ORIFICE REDUCER IS TINY AGARWOOD 57 $12 $169 / $404 $711 $1,265 $2,299 / / / (Aquilaria crassna) Steam Distilled Essential Oil Use: Aromatherapy/Natural Perfumery/Incense. Rich and complex, sweet, warm, deep, precious woody aroma, shades of smoky, amber-y Origin: Vietnam incense and honeyed tobacco, and animalic notes of musk/castoreum - in a word, amazing! AGARWOOD - 5% 58 $3 $14 / $33 $57 $100 $178 $320 $580 $1,167 (Aquilaria crassna) Steam Distilled Essential Oil Use: Aromatherapy/Natural Perfumery/Incense. Rich and complex, sweet, warm, deep, precious woody aroma, shades of smoky, amber-y Origin: Vietnam incense and honeyed tobacco, and animalic notes of musk/castoreum - in a word, amazing! ALMOND, BITTER 59 $3 $20 / $46 $80 $142 $253 $455 / / (Prunus armeniaca L.) Steam Distilled Essential Oil Use: Natural Perfumery. Prussic acid has been removed, making this oil non-toxic for use in perfumery.
    [Show full text]