The Emperor's 30-Year Anniversary
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Emperor Hirohito (1)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R
The original documents are located in Box 27, folder “State Visits - Emperor Hirohito (1)” of the Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Copyright Notice The copyright law of the United States (Title 17, United States Code) governs the making of photocopies or other reproductions of copyrighted material. Ron Nessen donated to the United States of America his copyrights in all of his unpublished writings in National Archives collections. Works prepared by U.S. Government employees as part of their official duties are in the public domain. The copyrights to materials written by other individuals or organizations are presumed to remain with them. If you think any of the information displayed in the PDF is subject to a valid copyright claim, please contact the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library. Digitized from Box 27 of The Ron Nessen Papers at the Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library THE EMPEROR OF JAPAN ~ . .,1. THE EMPEROR OF JAPAN A Profile On the Occasion of The Visit by The Emperor and Empress to the United States September 30th to October 13th, 1975 by Edwin 0. Reischauer The Emperor and Empress of japan on a quiet stroll in the gardens of the Imperial Palace in Tokyo. Few events in the long history of international relations carry the significance of the first visit to the United States of the Em peror and Empress of Japan. Only once before has the reigning Emperor of Japan ventured forth from his beautiful island realm to travel abroad. On that occasion, his visit to a number of Euro pean countries resulted in an immediate strengthening of the bonds linking Japan and Europe. -
Urban Maori Authorities
TEENA BROWN PULU Minerals and Cucumbers in the Sea: International relations will transform the Tongan state Abstract Constitution law researcher Guy Powles, a Pakeha New Zealander residing in Australia was not optimistic accurate predictions on “the [Tonga] election which is coming up now in November” could be made (Garrett, 2014). “A man would be a fool to try to guess just where the balance will finish up,” he uttered to Jemima Garrett interviewing him for Radio Australia on April 30th 2014 (Garrett, 2014). Picturing the general election seven months away on November 27th 2014, Powles thought devolving the monarch’s executive powers to government by constitutional reform was Tonga’s priority. Whether it would end up an election issue deciding which way the public voted was a different story, and one he was not willing to take a punt on. While Tongans and non-Tongan observers focused attention on guessing who would get into parliament and have a chance at forming a government after votes had been casted in the November election, the trying political conditions the state functioned, floundered, and fell in, were overlooked. It was as if the Tongans and Palangi (white, European) commentators naively thought changing government would alter the internationally dictated circumstances a small island developing state was forced to work under. Teena Brown Pulu has a PhD in anthropology from the University of Waikato. She is a senior lecturer in Pacific development at AUT University. Her first book was published in 2011, Shoot the Messenger: The report on the Nuku’alofa reconstruction project and why the Government of Tonga dumped it. -
Mother of the Nation: Femininity, Modernity, and Class in the Image of Empress Teimei
Mother of the Nation: Femininity, Modernity, and Class in the Image of Empress Teimei By ©2016 Alison Miller Submitted to the graduate degree program in the History of Art and the Graduate Faculty of the University of Kansas in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. Maki Kaneko ________________________________ Dr. Sherry Fowler ________________________________ Dr. David Cateforis ________________________________ Dr. John Pultz ________________________________ Dr. Akiko Takeyama Date Defended: April 15, 2016 The Dissertation Committee for Alison Miller certifies that this is the approved version of the following dissertation: Mother of the Nation: Femininity, Modernity, and Class in the Image of Empress Teimei ________________________________ Chairperson Dr. Maki Kaneko Date approved: April 15, 2016 ii Abstract This dissertation examines the political significance of the image of the Japanese Empress Teimei (1884-1951) with a focus on issues of gender and class. During the first three decades of the twentieth century, Japanese society underwent significant changes in a short amount of time. After the intense modernizations of the late nineteenth century, the start of the twentieth century witnessed an increase in overseas militarism, turbulent domestic politics, an evolving middle class, and the expansion of roles for women to play outside the home. As such, the early decades of the twentieth century in Japan were a crucial period for the formation of modern ideas about femininity and womanhood. Before, during, and after the rule of her husband Emperor Taishō (1879-1926; r. 1912-1926), Empress Teimei held a highly public role, and was frequently seen in a variety of visual media. -
Poet Profiles His Imperial Majesty Emperor Akihito and Her Imperial Majesty Empress Michiko of Japan Ty Hadman
Poet Profiles His Imperial Majesty Emperor Akihito and Her Imperial Majesty Empress Michiko of Japan Ty Hadman Since 951 A.D., in the fifth year of Tenreki during the reign of Emperor Murakami, there has been held a ceremony, in the presence of the assembled high court of Japan, known as Utakai Shiki (Ceremony for Chanting Poetry). In spite of interruptions of wars and political variations of the powers of the clans to determine actual rulers of the country, the ceremony is still celebrated to this day. One of the sustaining facets of the ceremony is the fact that the Emperor and members of the Imperial Family each contribute their best poem of the year to be read before this distinguished audience. In order to fulfill this duty of office and to also present an elevated standard of proficiency, part of the education of princes and princesses, is to study the art of waka or tanka writing. The present Emperor of Japan, taken from his mother when he was three years old to be raised by tutors, chamberlains and nurses, was also given instruction in poetry writing. Even after becoming an adult, and still as His Imperial Highness, the Crown Prince, he continued to be instructed on tanka composition by Gotô Shigeru. In 1957, when the then Crown Prince Akihito was of an age to marry, he met, at a tennis match, Miss Michiko Shoda, the eldest daughter of the chairman of the Nisshin Flour Milling Company. She had just graduated, as valedictorian, from the Sacred Heart Women’s University, with a degree from the Department of Literature. -
Imperial Japanese Propaganda and the Founding of the Japan Times 1897-1904
Volume 19 | Issue 12 | Number 2 | Article ID 5604 | Jun 15, 2021 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Imperial Japanese Propaganda and the Founding of The Japan Times 1897-1904 Alexander Rotard Abstract: Founded in 1897 as a semi-official government organ by Zumoto Motosada with the support of Itō Hirobumi and Fukuzawa Yukichi, The Japan Times played an essential role, as the first English-language newspaper to be edited by Japanese, in shaping Western understandings of Japan and Japanese modernisation in the late 19th to early 20th centuries. The Japan Times framed Japanese ‘modernisation’ in the language of Western civilisation, thus facilitating Japan’s rapprochement with the Western Powers (particularly with Great Britain) in the late 19th century by presenting Japan as a ‘civilised’ (i.e., Western) nation-state. The paper played an equally important role in manipulating Western public discourses in favour of Japan’s expansionist ambitions in Asia by framing justifications for Japanese foreign policy in concepts of Western civilisation. Keywords: Meiji-era Japanese propaganda, Zumoto Motosada, founder of The Japan Times1 The Japan Times, Zumoto Motosada, Japanese Imperialism, Anglo-Japanese rapprochement, colonisation of Korea. Introduction . Despite The Japan Times’ critical role as a Japanese Government propaganda organ, the paper has been greatly understudied in both the Japanese and English literature. Japanese- language studies of The Japan Times and Zumoto Motosada exist in small number2 but thorough research into The Japan Times’ role as a promoter of Meiji Government propaganda 1 19 | 12 | 2 APJ | JF has yet to be undertaken in English orthe Korean press has been well examined by Japanese. -
An Analysis of Two Newspaper Articles in the Aftermath of the 2011 Japanese Tsunami
An analysis of two newspaper articles in the aftermath of the 2011 Japanese Tsunami Bruce Hope Assignment submitted for Master of Arts in TESOL July 2011 Written Discourse WD/11/04 Choose two news/current affairs texts, one from English-speaking media (e.g. A British or American TV news report, an Australian newspaper, etc.) and the other from a media outlet in another country/language, but both dealing with the same 'global' events (e.g., wars, disasters, etc..). Critically discuss the two texts using a CDA approach (unit 8). You should reach conclusions as to how the two texts are similar or different in some or all of the following: • the differences in the representation of events and in relations with the intended audience; • the ways ‘news values’ influence the production of news; • the underlying system of values/ideologies which shapes each report; • implicit and explicit evaluations conveyed by the texts; • the ways social actors are represented; • the ways different linguistic codes represent the same events; • the visual illustrations that accompany the texts – are they the same or different and the implications of the choices. Estimated word count: 3,961 (excluding long quotes, tables, references and appendix) Centre for English Language Studies Postgraduate Programmes THE UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM Edgbaston Birmingham B15 2TT UK 1 Contents 1. Introduction P.3 1.1 Background P.3 1.2 Critical Discourse Analysis P.4 2. Analyzing the texts – internal relations P.6 2.1 Actions and genres P.6 2.2 Representation and discourse P.7 2.2.1 Vocabulary P.7 2.2.2 Social actors and quotations P.9 2.3 Identification and style P.11 3. -
Above the Clouds Page 1
Above the Clouds Page 1 Above the Clouds Status Culture of the Modern Japanese Nobility Takie Sugiyama Lebra University of California Press Berkeley Los Angeles London Above the Clouds Page 2 University of California Press Berkeley and Los Angeles, California University of California Press, Ltd. London, England © 1993 by The Regents of the University of California First Paperback Printing 1995 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lebra, Takie Sugiyama, 1930- Above the clouds : status culture of the modern Japanese nobility / Takie Sugiyama Lebra. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-520-07602-8 1. Japan—Social life and customs—20th century. 2. Nobility— Japan. L Title. DS822.3.L42 1992 306.4’0952—dc20 91-28488 Printed in the United States of America 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Sciences— Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Above the Clouds Page 3 To the memory of William P. Lebra Above the Clouds Page 4 Contents List of Tables List of Illustrations Orthographic Note on Japanese Words Acknowledgments 1. Studying the Aristocracy: Why, What, and How? 2. Creating the Modern Nobility: The Historical Legacy 3. Ancestors: Constructing Inherited Charisma 4. Successors: Immortalizing the Ancestors 5. Life-Style: Markers of Status and Hierarchy 6. Marriage: Realignment of Women and Men 7. Socialization: Acquisition and Transmission of Status Culture 8. Status Careers: Privilege and Liability 9. Conclusion Epilogue: The End of Showa Notes Glossary References Above the Clouds Page 5 Tables 1. -
Princess Ayako's Wedding
8 | The Japan Times | Monday, October 29, 2018 Princess Ayako’s wedding Joyful couple to marry at Meiji Shrine KYODO Last year, the Imperial Household Agency announced the informal engagement Princess Ayako, the youngest daughter between Emperor Akihito’s eldest grand- of Emperor Akihito’s late cousin, is set to child Princess Mako and Kei Komuro, a marry commoner Kei Moriya today, relin- paralegal, student, commoner and her long- quishing her royal status. time boyfriend, although the couple has Nearly a year after their first encounter, subsequently postponed their wedding to the 28-year-old princess and the 32-year-old 2020 due to “lack of preparation.” Left: Princess Ayako waves to residents in Sabae, Fukui Prefecture, on Oct. 5. Right: Princess employee of shipping firm Nippon Yusen After Princess Ayako and Princess Mako Hisako and her daughter Princess Ayako. KYODO K.K. will tie the knot in a traditional cere- marry, the number of Imperial family mem- mony at Tokyo’s Meiji Shrine. bers will fall to 17 and that of female mem- The couple first met last December bers to 12, raising possible concerns about through Princess Ayako’s mother Princess stable succession and ways to share the Princess dedicated to society Hisako, a long acquaintance of Moriya’s burdens of public duties among remaining parents, who had also met with Moriya the members. KYODO low students during her university years and month prior at a photo exhibition of a non- To address the shrinking number of did her own household chores. profit organization supporting children in Imperial family members, a resolution Princess Ayako, the Tetsuji Koyama, who served as a coach developing countries. -
Japanese Studies Review, Vol. XX (2016), Pp
ISSN: 1500-0713 ______________________________________________________________ Article Title: Performing Prayer, Saving Genji, and Idolizing Murasaki Shikibu: Genji Kuyō in Nō and Jōruri Author(s): Satoko Naito Source: Japanese Studies Review, Vol. XX (2016), pp. 3-28 Stable URL: https://asian.fiu.edu/projects-and-grants/japan-studies- review/journal-archive/volume-xx-2016/naito-satoko- gkuyojoruri_jsr.pdf ______________________________________________________________ PERFORMING PRAYER, SAVING GENJI, AND IDOLIZING MURASAKI SHIKIBU: GENJI KUYŌ IN NŌ AND JŌRURI1 Satoko Naito University of Maryland, College Park Introduction The Murasaki Shikibu daraku ron [lit. “Story of Murasaki Shikibu’s Fall] tells that after her death Murasaki Shikibu (d. ca. 1014) was cast to hell.2 The earliest reference is found in Genji ipponkyō [Sutra for Genji] (ca. 1166), which recounts a Buddhist kuyō (dedicatory rite) performed on her behalf, with the reasoning that the Heian author had been condemned to eternal suffering in hell for writing Genji monogatari [The Tale of Genji] (ca. 1008). Though Genji ipponkyō makes no explicit claim to the efficacy of the kuyō, its performance is presumably successful and saves the Genji author. In such a case the earliest extant utterance of the Murasaki-in-hell story is coupled with her subsequent salvation, and the Genji author, though damned, is also to be saved.3 It may be more accurate, then, to say that the Murasaki Shikibu daraku ron is about Murasaki Shikibu’s deliverance, rather than her fall (daraku). Through the medieval period and beyond, various sources recounted the execution of kuyō rites conducted for The Tale of Genji’s author, often initiated and sponsored by women.4 Such stories of Genji kuyō 1 Author’s Note: I thank those who commented on earlier versions of this paper, in particular D. -
Doctor 1 William Doctor Dr. Colley Intercultural Communications 10/13
Doctor 1 William Doctor Dr. Colley Intercultural Communications 10/13/2020 Tonga The kingdom of Tonga is made up of 169 islands with people of Polynesian descent groups. Most of the Tonga islands are non-inhabited, with a general area of 750 square miles spread over 270000 square miles of the Pacific Ocean. Tonga is home to more than one hundred thousand people, with most of them residing in Tongatapu island. Tonga people speak Tongan and English languages, and they study Wesleyanism religion (Sugden, 344). They are surrounded by territories such as Fiji, Wallis, and Futunan, Samoa, New Zealand, and Caledonia. Tonga was founded in 1845. It became a traditional kingdom monarchy in 1875. It was a British protected state from 1900 to 1970 through a friendship agreement. From 1970 to 2010, the kingdom has never renounced its freedom to foreign states. Despite that, in 2010, the country becomes a constitutional monarchy. Primarily, the type of government in Tonga is the hereditary constitutional monarchy with King Tupou VI, a one-time prime minister as the current head of state. Pohiva Tuʻiʻonetoa is the current prime minister of the state; he took office in October 2019 following the death of ʻAkilisi Pohiva in September of 2019. Doctor 1 Agriculture and fishing are the main economic activities in Tonga. Notably, Tonga has a gross domestic product of 450.4 million US dollars, and the main import is food and beverages, automobiles and machinery while the main exports are fish and agricultural products like Squash, coconuts, bananas, and vanilla beans, limes, and tomatoes (Sutherland, 355). -
Japanese Swords As Symbols of Historical Amnesia: Touken Ranbu and the Sword Boom in Popular Media
Volume 19 | Issue 7 | Number 1 | Article ID 5564 | Apr 01, 2021 The Asia-Pacific Journal | Japan Focus Japanese Swords as Symbols of Historical Amnesia: Touken Ranbu and the Sword Boom in Popular Media Kohki Watabe Abstract: This essay analyses the Japanese revisionism, nationalism, symbolism of sword boom in popular media in the 21st Japanese swords, Touken Ranbu century, situating Touken Ranbu, an online video game franchise, within its wider political and historical context. In the first two decades of the 21st century, government, commercial, Introduction and semi-public institutions, such as museums, extensively deployed positive depictions of In the 2010s, Japan's media culture witnessed a Japanese swords in popular media, including phenomenon that could be termed a Japanese anime, manga, TV, and films in public relations sword boom, evident in forms from manga and campaigns. As a historical ideological icon, anime to video games and films. The swords have been used to signify class in the transmedia popularity of sword iconography Edo period (1603-1868) and to justify the has influenced public relations strategies of Japanese Empire’s expansion into Asia during companies and governments and encouraged the Asia-Pacific War (1931-1945). Bycollaborations among public and private emphasizing the object's symbolism andsectors. Arguably, the most notable example of aestheticism, the sword boom of the 21st this phenomenon is a video game called Touken century is following a similar trajectory. Ranbu and its transmedia franchise. Taken Popular representations of swords in media together, these trends represent a fascination culture selectively feature historical episodes with the trope of the sword: some that are deemed politically uncontroversial and representations are historically grounded while beneficial for promoting a sense of national others are radically decontextualized; some pride. -
Turtle-Shell Divination Conducted at Imperial Palace in Tokyo Ahead of Key Succession Rite | the Japan Times
Turtle-shell divination conducted at Imperial Palace in Tokyo ahead of key succession rite | The Japan Times JOBS ≫≫ STUDY IN JAPAN JAPAN SHOWCASE NEWS RELEASES t f ◎ 購購購購購購購 SUBSCRIBE LOGIN ≫ 22°C M/SUNNY FREE MEMBERSHIP TOKYO (12 a.m.) TODAY'S STORIES MARKETS 109.73 ¥/$ (5 p.m.) NEWS + MENU CITY GUIDE ◎ The turtle-shell divination rite to select the prefectures that will supply rice for the Daijosai ceremony was held at the Imperial Palace in Tokyo on Monday. | IMPERIAL HOUSEHOLD AGENCY / VIA KYODO NATIONAL Non-Japanese YouTubers tackle the art of vlogging in the vernacular Turtle-shell divination conducted at Imperial Palace in Tokyo ahead of key succession rite https://www.japantimes.co.jp/.../13/national/turtle-shell-divination-rite-conducted-ahead-key-imperial-succession-ceremony/#.XN8EychKjIV[5/17/2019 9:02:23 AM] Turtle-shell divination conducted at Imperial Palace in Tokyo ahead of key succession rite | The Japan Times KYODO P PRINT ◎ SHARE ARTICLE HISTORY MAY 13, 2019 An imperial divination rite using turtle shells was held Monday to prepare for the most important ceremony to be performed by Emperor Naruhito upon his enthronement. In the Saiden Tentei no Gi ritual at the Imperial Palace, diviners observed the cracks that appeared when turtle shells were heated in order to select two prefectures — Tochigi and Kyoto — that will supply crops for the upcoming Daijosai ofering ceremony in mid-November. The Daijosai is performed by a new emperor only once during his reign. The emperor will ofer newly harvested rice to his imperial ancestors and the deities of heaven and earth, while also eating the rice himself, as well as praying for peace and abundant harvests for the country and its people.