Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2017; 6(6): 2572-2578

E-ISSN: 2278-4136 P-ISSN: 2349-8234 Evaluation of vegetable (. JPP 2017; 6(6): 2572-2578 Received: 22-09-2017 L) genotypes for yield and yield attributing traits Accepted: 28-10-2017

Tejaswini N Tejaswini N, Saidaiah P, Ravinder Reddy K and Ramesh T Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana Abstract State Horticulture University, A set of 27 genotypes comprising of 25 germplasm lines and two checks of amaranthus (Amaranthus Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, tricolor. L) were evaluated in a Randomized Block Design with three replications at College of Telangana, India Horticulture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad for nineteen foliage yield and its attributes so as to identify the horticulturally superior genotypes for leaf production and quality. The analysis of variance revealed Saidaiah P highly significant differences among the genotypes for all the 19 characters. On the basis of mean Department of Genetics and performance of the genotypes, five genotypes viz., IC-522214, IC-536718, IC-536712, IC-536699 and Breeding, College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman IC-536728 have been identified as promising genotypes with reference to the characters viz., leaf length, Telangana State Horticulture leaf width, leaf area index, leaf weight per plant, total foliage yield per plant, total chlorophyll content, University, Rajendranagar, protein content, ascorbic acid, moisture content, iron content and folic acid. The present study reveals Hyderabad, Telangana, India that the genotypes identified should be considered as the promising genotypes and can be used as parental source in breeding programmes for multi-trait improvement. Ravinder Reddy K Department of Vegetable Keywords: Amaranthus genotypes, foliage yield, quality parameters, performance Science, College of Horticulture, Sri Konda Laxman Telangana Introduction State Horticulture University, Amaranthus is one of the important and popular leafy vegetable of india. Amaranthus Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India (Amaranthus spp.), popularly known as “Chaulai”. The edible amaranth belongs to the family , subfamily Amaranthoideae, and genus Amaranthus. The genus Amaranthus Ramesh T includes 50-60 species, cultivated for leaf as well as for grains and few are wild species. The Department of Crop Physiology, vegetable amaranth species (2n = 34) include A. tricolor, A. dubius, A. lividus, A. blitum, A. College of Agriculture, Professor hypochondiacus, A. spinosus, and A. viridis, while (2n = 32) includes A. cruentus and A. tristis, Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, A. graecizans and A. caudatus. Centres of diversity for amaranth are Central and South Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, America, India and South East Asia with secondary centres of diversity in West and East Telangana, Indi Africa. Main vegetable type of leaf amaranth is Amaranthus tricolor L., originated in south East Asia, particularly in India. (Rai and Yadav, 2005) [12]. It is a fast growing crop with a high yield potential in a short period and suitable for crop

rotation with any other vegetable crop. In the last 20 years amaranthus has been rediscovered as a promising food crop mainly due to its resistance to heat, drought, diseases and pests, and the high nutritional value of both seeds and leaves (National Research Council 1984, Saunders [8] and Becker 1984) . Being a C4 plant it has very high production potential (Rana et al., 2005) [14]. The characteristics in amaranthus enable them to grow rapidly. Thus, finally they are

accounted as highly productive . The leaves and tender stem of amaranth are used as [6] vegetable (Mobina et al., 2014) . Amaranthus is a rich source of nutrients it serves as an alternative source of nutrition for people in developing countries. (Prakash and Pal, 1991 and Shukla et al., 2003) [10, 15]. Tender stems and leaves contains moisture (85.70 %), protein (4.0 g), fat (0.50 g), carbohydrates (6.30 g), calcium (397.0 mg), iron (25.5mg), phosphorus (83.0 [12] mg), vitamin A (9200IU), and vitamin C (99 mg), (Rai and Yadav, 2005) . It is also a good source of dietary fibre. Due to their nutritional superiority, have been suggested as alternative source of rich protein leafy vegetables feeding those overpopulated and undernourished areas. Apart from exceptionally superior nutritive value, vegetable amaranth is a potential crop for exploitation due to its fast growth, hardy nature, high biomass productivity,

and suitability for cultivation both in kitchen garden and commercial garden (Dhangrah et al., [2] Correspondence 2015) . Tejaswini N Amaranthus, being a cross-pollinated crop, exhibits wide genetic variability. Thus, it offers a Department of Vegetable considerable scope to identify suitable type for any particular region. Collection, evaluation Science, College of Horticulture, and characterization of germplasm or lines is the first step in any crop improvement Sri Konda Laxman Telangana [5] State Horticulture University, programme (Mandal et al., 2010) . This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, vegetable amaranthus genotypes for foliage and quality attributing characters. Telangana, India ~ 2572 ~

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Material and methods diameter than the check (Arka Suguna). Stem diameter at 90 The present study was carried out at the PG Research Block, DAS ranged from 1.21 to 4.67cm with a grand mean of Department of Vegetable Science, College of Horticulture, Sri 2.59cm. IC-536718 had highest stem diameter (4.67 cm), Konda Laxman Telangana State Horticultural University, while IC-469658 (1.21cm) had minimum stem diameter. Rajendra nagar, Hyderabad. The experimental material Seven genotypes were recorded maximum stem diameter than comprised of twenty seven germplasm lines including two the check (Arka Suguna). The genotypes showed higher stem checks collected from different localities. The experiment was girth take into account for further improvement work for high laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three stem yield with leaf. A similar results obtained by replications. There were three blocks and each block Mohanalakshmi et al. (1994) [7]. containing 27 plots. Thus the total number of plots was 81. Stem weight per plant at 30 DAS ranged from 35.31 to 91.08 The size of unit plot was 2m×0.7m. The distance between the g with a grand mean of 61.85g. IC-536718 had maximum blocks was 50 cm. stem weight (91.08g) which was on par with IC-536675 The data on eight qualitative and eleven quantitative (89.89g), while IC-469658 (35.31g) recorded minimum stem characters for foliage yield were recorded on five randomly weight. Nine genotypes were recorded maximum stem weight selected equally competitive plants in each genotype and in than the best check (Arka Suguna). Stem weight per plant at each replication for majority of the traits. These five plants 60 DAS ranged from 109.47 to 189.75 g with a grand mean of were randomly selected by avoiding the border plants and 145.74 g. IC-536718 had maximum stem weight (189.75 g) were labeled for recording the observations at 30, 60 and 90 which was on par with IC-469564 (186.99), while IC-469658 days after sowing (DAS). The mean values of five plants used (109.47 g) had recorded minimum stem weight. Eight for recording observations were computed for each of the genotypes were recorded maximum stem weight than the best eleven characters on foliage yield for each of the genotype in check (Arka Suguna). Stem weight per plant at 90 DAS each replication and were subjected to statistical analysis ranged from 190.13 to 380.19 g with a grand mean of 276.59 (Panse and Sukhatme, 1985) [9]. g. IC-536718 had maximum stem weight (380.19g) followed by IC-536712 (513.83 g), while IC-469658 (190.13g) had Results and discussion minimum stem weight. Seven genotypes were recorded In any selection programme, the mean performance of the maximum stem weight per plant than the best check (Arka genotypes for individual character serves as an important Suguna). It was observed from the results that increasing stem criterion for discarding the undesirable types. This indicates per plant increased the foliage yield of amaranthus. These that germplasm studies may act as a potential source and offer results are in conformity with results of Raja et al., 2012 [13], scope for selection of high yielding genotypes with desirable Hasan et al., 2013 [3], Dhangrah et al., 2015 [2], Chattopadhyay horticultural attributes. et al., 2013 [1]. Number of branches per plant at 30 DAS ranged from 3.67 to Growth parameters 9.53 with a grand mean of 6.15. IC-469709 had more number The mean data of plant height at different stages of growth of branches (9.53), which was on par with IC-469740 (9.47), was significantly noticed at all the growth stages of 30, 60 and while IC-536655 (3.67) had less number of branches. Ten 90 DAS. Plant height at 30DAS ranged from 15.87 to 61.47 genotypes were recorded more number of branches than the cm, with a mean of 38.950 cm. Highest plant height was best check (Arka Suguna). Number of branches per plant at 60 recorded in IC-469722 (61.47cm), whereas minimum plant DAS ranged from 5.93 to 15.27 with a grand mean of 9.45. height was recorded in IC-469571 (15.87cm). Eight IC-469709 had maximum number of branches (15.27), which genotypes were found taller than the best check (Arka was on par with IC-469740 (14.73), while IC-536655 (5.93) Suguna). Plant height at 60DAS ranged from 28.13 to 91.93 had less number of branches. Eleven genotypes were cm, with a mean of 60.52cm. Highest plant height was statistically superior by exceeding the number of branches recorded in IC-469722 (91.93 cm), whereas minimum plant than the best check (Arka Suguna). Number of branches per height was recorded in IC-469571(28.13cm). Nine genotypes plant at 90 DAS ranged from 7.93 to 19.47 with a grand mean were found taller than the best check (Arka Suguna). Plant of 12.41 cm. IC-469709 had highest number of branches height at 90DAS ranged from 47.66 to 129.13 cm, with a (19.47), while IC-536655 (7.93) had less number of branches. mean of 85.20cm. Highest plant height was recorded in IC- Nine genotypes were recorded more number of branches than 469722 (129.13 cm), whereas minimum plant height was the best check (Arka Suguna). Branches per plant is an recorded in IC-469571(47.66cm). Eight genotypes were found important character which contribute the yield of green, when taller than the best check (Arka Suguna). Plant height is the branches were more ultimately the yield of greens considered as one of the traits for growth and vigour of the increased accordingly. These studies in relation to Lohithaswa plants. In the present investigation, the genotypes exhibited et al. (1996) [4]. significant differences for plant height at different stages of growth. These findings were line with Mohanalakshmi et al Foliage parameters (1994) [7], Pratap Reddy and Varalakshmi (1998) [11]. The mean values of leaf length at 30DAS ranged from 4.22 to Stem diameter at 30 DAS ranged from 0.65 to 1.86 cm with a 9.48 cm with a grand mean of 6.66 cm. Among the genotypes grand mean of 1.19cm. IC-536718 had maximum stem under study, leaf length was highest in IC-536718 (9.48 cm), diameter (1.86 cm), which was on par with IC-536712 while it was minimum in IC-469569(4.22cm). Four genotypes (1.84cm), while IC-469658 (0.65cm) had minimum stem had more leaf length over the best check (Arka Suguna).The diameter. Nine genotypes were recorded maximum stem mean values of leaf length at 60DAS ranged from 5.01 to diameter than the best check (Arka Suguna). Stem diameter at 10.75 cm with a grand mean of 8.78 cm. Among the 60 DAS ranged from 1.03 to 3.02 cm with a grand mean of genotypes under study, leaf length was maximum in IC- 1.76cm. IC-536718 had highest stem diameter (3.02 cm), 536718 (10.75cm), which was on par with IC-536712 while minimum stem diameter was recorded in IC-469658 (10.57cm), IC-536718 (10.39 cm), IC-522214 (10.31cm) and (1.03 cm). Eight genotypes were recorded maximum stem IC-536731 (10.19cm), while it was minimum in IC-469569

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(5.01 cm). Six genotypes recorded more leaf length over the 231.34. The genotype IC-522214 recorded (313.13) best check (Arka Suguna). The mean values of leaf length at maximum number of leaves per plant, which was on par with 90DAS ranged from 6.02 to 14.84 cm with a grand mean of IC-IC-469740 (306.67), IC-536699 (306.07), IC-536712 10.12 cm. Among the genotypes under study, leaf length was (304.12) and IC-469571 (303.87), while IC-536655 produced highest in IC-536718 (14.84 cm), while it was minimum in the minimum number of leaves per plant (148.93). Five IC-469569 (6.02cm). Six genotypes recorded more leaf length genotypes produced more number of leaves per plant than the over the best check (Arka Suguna). best check (Arka Suguna). Leaf length is considered as one of the traits for growth and Number of leaves per plant is an important yield contributing vigour of the plants. In the present investigation, the traits in amaranthus. The number of leaves per plant at genotypes exhibited significant differences for leaf length at different growth were gradually increase and found to be different stages of growth. These findings were line with maximum quality will be obtained between 30 and 60 DAS, Mohanalakshmi et al (1994) [7], Pratap Reddy and and this was found to be optimum stage of growth with good Varalakshmi (1998) [11]. acceptability. These findings were supported by Pratap Reddy The character leaf width at 30DAS ranged from 2.66 to 5.01 and Varalakshmi (1998) [11]. cm with a grand mean of 3.84 cm. Among the genotypes Leaf weight per plant at 30 DAS ranged from 9.87 to 63.33 g under study, leaf width was highest in IC-536712 (5.01 cm), with a grand mean of 31.55 g. Total leaf weight per plant was while it was minimum in IC-469658(2.66 cm). Eight highest in IC-522214 (63.33 g), while it was minimum in IC- genotypes had recorded more leaf width over the best check 469569 (9.87 g). One genotype recorded more leaf weight per (Arka Suguna). The character leaf width at 60DAS ranged plant than the best check (Arka Suguna). Leaf weight per from 4.29 to 6.32 cm with a grand mean of 5.30 cm. Among plant at 60 DAS ranged from 26.38 to 115.68 g with a grand the genotypes under study, leaf width was maximum in IC- mean of 67.21 g. Total leaf weight per plant was highest in 536712 (6.32 cm), which was on par with IC-536675 IC-522214 (115.68 g), while it was minimum in IC-469569 (6.26cm), IC-536699 (6.25cm), IC-522214 (6.19cm), Arka (26.38 g). One genotype recorded more leaf weight per plant Suguna (6.07cm) and IC-469564 (6.05cm), while it was than the best check (Arka Suguna). Leaf weight per plant at minimum in IC-469658 (4.29 cm). Four genotypes had 90 DAS ranged from 46.37 to 167.86 g with a grand mean of recorded more leaf width over the best check (Arka Suguna). 97.94 g. Total leaf weight per plant was highest in IC-522214 The character leaf width at 90DAS ranged from 5.06 to 7.79 (167.86 g), while it was minimum in IC-469569 (46.37 g). cm with a grand mean of 6.43 cm. Among the genotypes Three genotypes recorded more leaf weight per plant than the under study, leaf width was highest in IC-536712 (7.79 cm), best check (Arka Suguna). Increase in leaf weight directly while it was minimum in IC-469658 (5.06 cm). Four contributed to increase in foliage yield. Hasan et al., 2013 [3] genotypes had recorded more leaf width over the best check and Dhangrah et al., 2015 [2] reported similar findings of (Arka Suguna). positive association of leaf weight per plant with foliage yield. Leaf breadth of different stages of growth gradually increased The general mean for the trait leaf stem ratio at 30DAS and found to be important yield contributing characters of ranged from 0.24 to 1.04 with a grand mean of 0.52. Leaf amaranthus. This was supported by Prakash et al. (1993). stem ratio was highest in IC-522214 (1.04), while it was The trait LAI at 30DAS ranged from 1.05 to 6.24 with a mean minimum in IC-469569 (0.24). Only one genotype recorded of 2.85. The genotype IC-522214 (6.24) recorded highest higher leaf stem ratio than the check (Arka Suguna). The LAI, whereas the genotype IC-536655 had minimum LAI general mean for the trait leaf stem ratio at 60DAS ranged (1.05). One genotype recorded more LAI when compared to from 0.22 to 0.87 with a grand mean of 0.46. Leaf/stem ratio the best check (Arka Suguna). The trait LAI at 60DAS ranged was highest in IC-522214 (0.87), while it was minimum in from 3.19 to 12.77 with a mean of 6.32. The genotype IC- IC-469569 (0.22). Two genotypes recorded higher leaf stem 522214 (12.77) recorded highest LAI, whereas the genotype ratio than the check (Arka Suguna). The general mean for the IC-536655 had minimum LAI (3.19). Three genotypes trait leaf stem ratio at 90DAS ranged from 0.20 to 0.59 with a recorded more LAI when compared to the best check (Arka grand mean of 0.36. Leaf stem ratio was highest in IC-522214 Suguna). The trait LAI at 90DAS ranged from 4.78 to 16.50 (0.59), while it was minimum in IC-469569 (0.20). Two with a mean of 8.46. The genotype IC-522214 (16.51) genotypes recorded higher leaf stem ratio than the check recorded highest LAI, whereas the genotype IC-536655 had (Arka Suguna). Optimum leaf stem ratio around 0.85has to minimum LAI (4.78). Two genotypes recorded more LAI aimed for selection. These findings are in accordance with when compared to the best check (Arka Suguna). As the LAI Kanthaswamy et al. 2006 increases foliage yield increases. Total foliage yield per plant ranged from 136.02 to 612.71 g The mean values of number of leaves per plant at 30 DAS with a grand mean of 364.61 g. Total foliage yield per plant ranged from 41.07 to 103.60 with a grand mean of 68.04. The was highest in the genotype IC- 522214 (612.71 g), while it genotype IC-522214 recorded (103.60) more number of was minimum in IC-469569 (136.02 g). Two genotypes leaves per plant, while IC-536655 produced the minimum recorded higher foliage yield per plant when compared to the number of leaves per plant (41.07). Three genotypes produced best check (Arka Suguna). Increase in number of leaves and more number of leaves per plant than the best check (Arka increase in leaf weight directly contributed to increase in Suguna). The mean values of number of leaves per plant at 60 foliage yield. DAS ranged from 93.47 to 197.26 with a grand mean of 152.79. The genotype IC-522214 recorded (197.26) Quality parameters maximum number of leaves per plant, which was on par with The trait total chlorophyll content mean values ranged from IC-536699 (194.27), while IC-536655 produced the minimum 1.18 to 3.62 mg/g with a grand mean of 2.47 mg/g. Total number of leaves per plant (93.47). Five genotypes produced chlorophyll content was highest in the genotype IC-536718 more number of leaves per plant than the best check (Arka (3.62mg/g), while it was minimum in IC-469569 (1.18 mg/g). Suguna). The mean values of number of leaves per plant at 90 Only one genotype recorded higher total chlorophyll content DAS ranged from 148.93 to 313.13 with a grand mean of when compared to the best check (Arka Suguna). It was

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observed from the results that increase in chlorophyll content 536655(656.91mg/100g), while it was minimum in Arka caused the plant to increase foliage yield. Arunima (251.47mg/100g). None of the genotypes recorded The mean values of carotenoids ranged from 0.71 to 1.48 lower oxalate content when compared to the best check (Arka mg/g with a grand mean of 1.02mg/g. Total chlorophyll Arunima). The mean values of iron content ranged from 9.83 content was highest in the genotype IC- 522214 (1.48 mg/g), to18.52 mg/100g with a grand mean of 13.19mg/100g. Iron while it was minimum in IC-469600(0.71mg/g). Only one content was maximum in the genotype IC-522214(18.5 genotype recorded higher carotenoids when compared to the mg/100g), while it was minimum in IC- best check (Arka Arunima). The character protein content 469651(9.83mg/100g). Two genotypes recorded higher iron ranged mean values ranged from 0.74 to 3.33 g/100g with a content when compared to the best check (Arka Suguna). grand mean of 2.00 mg/g. Protein content was highest in the Folic acid ranged from 0.055 to 0.081 mg/100g with a grand genotype IC-536718 (3.33 g/100g), while it was minimum in mean of 0.066mg/100g. Folic acid was maximum in the IC-469675(0.74g/100g). Two genotypes recorded higher genotype IC-522214 (0.081 mg/100g), while it was minimum protein content when compared to the best check (Arka in IC-469658 (0.055mg/100g). Only one genotype recorded Suguna). higher folic acid (IC-522214) when compared to the best Ascorbic acid ranged from 67.63 to 172.53 mg/100g with a check (Arka Suguna). grand mean of 110.64mg/100g. Ascorbic acid was highest in It was concluded from the present investigation that the genotype IC-522214 (172.53mg/100g), while it was considerable amount of variability exists in the experimental minimum in IC-469722(67.63 mg/100g). Three genotypes material, in terms of yield as well as quality. The study shows recorded higher ascorbic acid over the best check (Arka that the foliage of A. tricolor is rich in protein, carotenoid, Suguna). Moisture content ranged from 70.44 to 87.28 % with ascorbic acid, iron and folic acid which can constitute a good a grand mean of 77.75%. Moisture content was highest in the and inexpensive source of these nutrients in human diet genotype Arka Suguna (87.28 %), while it was minimum in especially for the vegetarian people in developing countries. IC-469558(70.44%). None of the genotypes recorded higher Based on mean performance studies, five genotypes viz., IC- moisture content when compared to the best check (Arka 522214, IC-536718, IC-536712, IC-536699 and IC-536728 Suguna). It appeared from the results that increase in moisture were found to be superior for growth, foliage and quality content caused the plant to increase in foliage yield. parameters. Hence, these genotypes were considered as For oxalate content the mean values ranged from 251.47 to promising and could serve as most promising strains for 656.91mg/100g with a grand mean of 413.59mg/100g. future selection programme to isolate better plant types rich in Oxalate content was highest in the genotype IC- quality characters.

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Table 1: Mean performance of 27 genotypes for nineteen growth, foliage yield and its attributes in vegetable amaranth

Plant height (cm) Stem diameter (cm) Stem weight per plant (g) Number of branches per plant Leaf length (cm) Leaf width (cm) S.No. Genotype 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 1 IC -469600 28.53 43.07 68.13 0.99 1.55 2.74 47.11 128.45 204.25 5.27 7.33 9.67 5.58 8.55 9.24 2.97 5.03 6.78 2 IC-469651 34.47 61.67 83.47 0.95 1.28 1.75 46.73 113.63 193.63 7.67 10.93 16.47 5.16 6.92 7.10 3.31 4.55 5.34 3 IC-469652 30.47 46.33 79.73 0.86 1.24 1.52 54.45 111.18 225.18 5.53 8.67 10.73 4.87 6.78 8.68 3.48 4.68 5.96 4 IC-469658 20.67 35.47 67.53 0.65 1.03 1.21 43.91 119.05 240.05 6.67 9.33 11.33 5.58 7.24 8.42 2.66 4.29 5.06 5 IC- 469675 31.67 52.47 76.27 0.77 1.07 1.33 53.52 115.76 265.86 4.80 7.93 10.07 5.21 7.47 8.29 3.73 5.49 6.06 6 IC- 469709 38.40 56.67 80.27 1.54 2.25 3.04 74.91 135.13 281.25 9.53 15.27 19.47 5.68 7.46 8.04 4.59 5.77 6.69 7 IC-469722 61.47 91.93 129.13 1.85 2.53 4.46 91.08 189.75 380.19 8.47 14.13 16.27 6.46 8.89 9.26 3.13 5.28 6.02 8 IC-469739 54.60 82.07 109.13 0.96 1.27 1.62 68.68 161.42 314.34 7.53 9.67 12.33 6.84 9.26 6.58 4.42 5.17 6.14 9 IC-469740 27.73 48.47 73.73 1.21 1.77 2.73 47.02 110.13 265.13 9.47 14.73 17.33 4.88 5.19 9.17 2.88 3.64 5.99 10 IC-469558 48.27 62.13 86.47 1.01 1.39 1.69 47.41 125.42 276.75 8.46 11.80 15.13 6.25 8.79 10.58 3.64 4.97 5.65 11 IC-469564 51.47 83.07 103.27 1.02 1.33 1.85 64.32 186.99 294.56 6.67 10.27 14.27 6.47 9.65 11.98 4.02 6.05 7.43 12 IC-469569 27.07 47.33 65.33 0.91 1.19 1.41 44.75 121.19 236.53 7.07 9.67 11.93 4.22 5.01 6.02 2.99 4.36 5.09 13 IC-469571 15.87 28.13 47.66 1.11 1.43 2.25 35.31 109.47 190.13 5.47 8.53 11.47 4.35 7.32 8.52 2.84 5.09 6.20 14 IC-536655 47.53 78.07 98.47 1.46 1.73 2.88 53.52 135.87 264.97 3.67 5.93 7.93 7.29 8.76 9.66 3.98 5.64 6.95 15 IC-536663 51.47 81.73 107.53 1.76 2.15 4.01 80.61 171.37 254.71 4.33 7.27 9.80 6.67 9.31 10.94 4.09 4.77 5.13 16 IC-536675 25.47 43.13 71.27 1.53 2.36 3.51 89.89 223.68 321.91 3.87 7.33 10.47 6.91 9.53 10.49 3.87 6.26 7.18 17 IC-536699 27.73 51.33 78.47 0.97 1.27 2.11 81.74 180.67 368.29 8.53 12.87 16.07 7.31 10.62 12.47 4.43 6.25 7.73 18 IC-536700 42.67 64.13 86.26 0.65 1.14 1.47 55.77 145.88 298.07 3.87 6.27 9.47 6.12 9.38 10.78 3.68 5.62 6.93 19 IC-536712 59.13 90.87 118.67 1.84 2.86 3.78 79.22 163.27 313.83 8.53 13.33 18.53 7.91 10.57 12.43 5.01 6.32 7.79 20 IC-536718 42.27 61.33 89.27 1.86 3.02 4.67 83.93 176.18 281.18 4.27 6.93 9.07 9.48 10.75 14.84 3.65 5.09 6.75 21 IC-536728 45.47 71.53 95.46 1.72 2.86 3.66 71.49 160.16 290.03 5.27 7.87 9.93 8.66 10.39 13.52 4.02 5.31 6.33 22 IC-536729 58.13 91.07 110.53 1.66 2.63 3.66 53.61 130.05 200.16 4.73 7.53 10.53 6.83 8.99 9.27 4.49 5.64 6.63 23 IC-536730 20.73 36.73 47.93 1.14 1.64 2.84 47.65 117.76 261.21 4.47 7.67 9.73 7.51 9.88 10.65 4.29 5.54 6.96 24 IC-536731 27.33 44.33 67.27 0.65 1.21 1.46 61.98 119.32 352.87 3.73 5.93 8.13 8.64 10.19 12.17 4.41 4.81 5.31 25 IC-522214 40.27 60.53 89.33 0.71 1.41 2.38 61.06 132.15 283.96 6.07 9.67 13.93 8.42 10.31 11.19 4.49 6.19 7.39 26 Arka Arunima 45.53 58.13 76.27 1.11 1.75 2.59 65.12 155.14 297.25 5.67 8.93 11.27 8.11 9.82 10.95 4.24 5.25 7.09 27 Arka Suguna 47.13 62.33 93.67 1.25 2.14 3.21 68.14 161.12 311.79 6.46 9.47 13.87 8.31 10.06 11.95 4.27 6.07 7.23 Grand mean 38.95 60.52 85.20 1.19 1.76 2.59 61.85 145.74 276.59 6.15 9.45 12.41 6.66 8.78 10.12 3.84 5.30 6.43 S E(m) 0.49 0.19 0.48 0.02 0.03 0.03 1.31 1.24 1.54 0.16 0.24 0.27 0.12 0.19 0.19 0.11 0.11 0.08 C V % 2.22 0.54 0.99 3.59 3.39 2.15 3.67 1.48 0.96 4.55 4.45 3.72 3.18 3.87 3.11 5.12 3.66 2.04 CD (P=0.05) 1.41 0.53 1.38 0.07 0.09 0.09 3.71 3.52 4.37 0.46 0.69 0.76 0.35 0.56 0.52 0.32 0.32 0.22

Table 1 (Contd...)

Leaf area index Number of leaves per plant Leaf weight per plant (g) Leaf stem ratio Total foliage yield per plant (g) S.No. Genotype 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 30 DAS 60 DAS 90 DAS 1 IC -469600 3.64 5.87 6.46 85.47 184.13 241.33 33.81 73.44 97.07 0.72 0.57 0.47 452.26 2 IC-469651 2.25 5.05 5.55 70.67 177.53 214.73 20.12 44.99 53.09 0.43 0.39 0.27 222.07 3 IC-469652 2.25 5.21 7.15 69.13 147.27 248.47 16.59 36.35 63.00 0.38 0.33 0.28 184.59 4 IC-469658 1.66 4.18 6.76 57.53 137.53 246.86 13.69 35.62 61.74 0.31 0.29 0.26 175.56 5 IC- 469675 2.27 4.13 5.18 85.27 154.87 225.47 17.92 37.63 58.19 0.33 0.32 0.21 187.17 6 IC- 469709 2.33 4.83 6.99 74.87 142.13 235.46 24.18 42.09 69.40 0.32 0.31 0.25 205.33 7 IC-469722 4.09 6.01 8.29 73.33 147.67 226.53 25.52 51.22 75.14 0.28 0.27 0.20 245.41 8 IC-469739 2.18 4.88 8.77 53.13 127.87 254.27 18.52 42.44 84.68 0.27 0.26 0.25 212.73 9 IC-469740 2.12 3.69 7.21 97.07 184.27 306.67 15.95 36.88 73.09 0.34 0.33 0.27 187.38 10 IC-469558 2.19 7.39 8.37 79.67 189.93 265.26 25.98 64.95 88.25 0.55 0.52 0.32 317.96 11 IC-469564 1.86 5.51 7.31 46.27 136.87 187.93 31.41 90.59 117.99 0.49 0.48 0.40 453.86 12 IC-469569 1.54 3.41 5.91 67.47 185.66 285.27 9.87 26.38 46.37 0.24 0.22 0.20 136.02 13 IC-469571 2.04 5.44 7.35 65.87 193.26 303.87 10.32 29.32 48.39 0.29 0.27 0.25 147.48 14 IC-536655 1.05 3.19 4.78 41.07 93.47 148.93 35.55 77.99 116.85 0.66 0.57 0.44 486.05 15 IC-536663 2.41 4.87 6.68 59.73 117.06 158.33 38.13 78.70 99.88 0.47 0.46 0.39 391.28 16 IC-536675 2.55 7.19 8.54 56.13 145.33 185.46 30.52 74.53 104.73 0.34 0.33 0.32 367.41 ~ 2576 ~ Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

17 IC-536699 4.78 11.01 13.64 98.27 194.27 306.07 49.33 98.19 151.14 0.60 0.54 0.37 602.87 18 IC-536700 1.37 4.08 5.17 41.67 102.73 155.66 28.39 68.56 89.13 0.54 0.47 0.30 446.65 19 IC-536712 5.32 10.42 15.40 93.27 187.27 304.13 48.52 94.39 145.08 0.61 0.58 0.46 506.55 20 IC-536718 3.52 7.26 8.88 43.73 113.87 162.53 41.49 85.20 128.99 0.49 0.48 0.46 512.62 21 IC-536728 2.27 7.11 9.17 48.47 136.33 187.73 44.68 93.19 137.04 0.62 0.58 0.47 524.38 22 IC-536729 1.73 4.21 6.14 41.93 114.07 153.93 35.33 79.59 114.12 0.66 0.61 0.57 472.89 23 IC-536730 2.85 7.68 9.09 45.27 128.33 190.13 38.66 87.92 108.64 0.81 0.75 0.42 446.64 24 IC-536731 2.12 5.62 7.23 49.33 116.67 165.13 24.92 58.19 83.96 0.40 0.38 0.24 288.79 25 IC-522214 6.24 12.77 16.50 103.60 197.26 313.13 63.33 115.68 167.86 1.04 0.87 0.59 612.71 26 Arka Arunima 4.79 9.29 11.36 92.07 183.13 276.46 52.15 85.45 123.27 0.72 0.53 0.39 494.96 27 Arka Suguna 5.41 10.22 14.55 96.73 186.47 296.47 56.85 105.27 137.19 0.87 0.68 0.51 562.89 Grand mean 2.85 6.32 8.46 68.04 152.79 231.34 31.55 67.21 97.94 0.52 0.46 0.36 364.61 S E(m) 0.09 0.09 0.12 1.71 2.64 3.63 0.47 1.01 1.87 0.01 0.01 0.01 1.81 C V % 6.01 2.69 2.48 4.34 2.99 2.72 2.59 2.61 3.31 4.94 4.91 4.98 0.86 CD (P=0.05) 0.28 0.28 0.34 4.84 7.49 10.30 1.34 2.87 5.32 0.04 0.04 0.03 5.14

Table 1 (Contd....)

Total chlorophyll Carotenoids Protein content Ascorbic acid Moisture content Oxalate content Iron content Folic acid Genotype S.No content (mg/g) (mg/g) (g/100g) (mg/100g) (%) (mg/100g) (mg/100g) (mg/100g) 1 IC -469600 3.14 0.71 2.44 75.05 76.32 404.01 12.21 0.062 2 IC-469651 1.87 1.12 1.95 79.03 77.58 388.64 9.83 0.056 3 IC-469652 2.29 0.82 1.44 91.86 74.48 376.51 11.87 0.059 4 IC-469658 2.75 0.78 0.76 85.43 75.58 426.92 10.75 0.055 5 IC- 469675 2.55 0.98 0.74 92.52 73.52 375.98 10.62 0.065 6 IC- 469709 1.25 1.32 1.04 70.76 78.35 465.18 11.63 0.069 7 IC-469722 2.49 0.78 1.64 67.63 78.64 371.76 13.68 0.058 8 IC-469739 2.15 0.77 2.16 74.37 76.94 287.66 15.84 0.065 9 IC-469740 1.88 1.11 1.15 81.62 72.58 392.86 14.74 0.059 10 IC-469558 1.94 1.14 2.25 73.74 70.44 483.14 12.51 0.064 11 IC-469564 1.56 1.36 1.36 102.82 75.46 526.61 12.59 0.068 12 IC-469569 1.18 1.03 1.24 131.42 79.14 372.45 11.42 0.069 13 IC-469571 2.48 0.94 2.12 100.19 74.94 506.39 16.53 0.067 14 IC-536655 2.85 0.86 2.52 101.95 71.74 656.91 12.63 0.059 15 IC-536663 1.29 1.29 1.26 114.75 77.04 574.17 10.64 0.058 16 IC-536675 2.56 0.86 1.62 130.82 76.38 453.07 14.55 0.061 17 IC-536699 3.32 1.33 3.08 132.24 82.61 506.05 10.58 0.069 18 IC-536700 2.84 0.86 2.16 165.35 77.38 487.18 12.46 0.071 19 IC-536712 3.06 1.09 2.87 105.51 84.58 559.95 12.49 0.074 20 IC-536718 3.62 0.84 3.33 128.71 80.48 314.46 16.79 0.071 21 IC-536728 2.84 0.79 1.97 105.35 83.56 363.12 14.81 0.072 22 IC-536729 1.46 1.09 1.66 156.57 77.36 455.37 11.56 0.061 23 IC-536730 3.04 0.76 2.66 108.58 75.94 270.91 16.21 0.076 24 IC-536731 2.39 1.27 1.18 127.59 73.28 295.21 12.45 0.063 25 IC-522214 3.39 1.48 3.25 172.53 85.52 287.53 18.52 0.081 26 Arka Arunima 3.07 1.44 3.05 148.68 82.26 251.47 11.51 0.076 27 Arka Suguna 3.33 0.81 3.14 152.02 87.28 313.57 16.77 0.079 Grand mean 2.47 1.02 2.00 110.64 77.75 413.59 13.19 0.066 S E(m) 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.47 0.27 1.59 0.07 0.005 C V % 1.23 1.73 1.28 0.74 0.59 0.67 0.88 1.25 CD (P=0.05) 0.05 0.03 0.04 0.35 0.76 4.53 0.19 0.001

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Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources Regional Station, Hyderabad for providing the germplasm for this work.

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