Editorial ASA Board Changes

Vol 9 | Issue 2 | July 2011 [NEWSBRIEFS] www.asa-inc.org.au 11 AUSTRALASIAN

The New Zealand Concrete Society is holding its 9th International World of Iron and Steel Slag – International collaboration Symposium on High Performance Concrete Design, Verifi cation between National Associations on slag product usage remains and Utilisation in Rotarua New Zealand. For conference details a high priority. During the Global Slag Conference in Sydney in contact the Societies website at http://www.hpc-2011.com November 2010 an initial meeting and teleconference was held to test the interest of the other Associations in maintaining this Concrete Institute of Australia - 25th Biennial Conference, regular contact and information sharing. Concrete 2011 - 12-14 October 2011 at the fabulous Burswood Entertainment Complex, Perth. The Institute is pleased to inform Members that the registration brochure for the Concrete Institute INTERNATIONAL of Australia’s 25th Biennial Conference, Concrete 2011, is now available. The conference will be held from 12-14 October 2011 at the fabulous Burswood Entertainment Complex, Perth, Western Australia. Members can download a copy of the brochure from both the Institute’s homepage www.concreteinstitute.com.au or from the Conference website www.concrete2011.com.au.

Executive Director attends NSA – During May, ASA Executive The 7th Global Slag Conference returns to the Northern Director Craig Heidrich attended and made a presentation to the Hemisphere. This year it will be held in Scandinavia for the fi rst National Slag Association meeting in the USA. There is a long time in Helsinki Finland. Dates for your diary 17-18 November. standing relationship between the two Associations. The ASA Further details are available through the Global Slag website at formed in 1990 based its original structures and constitution on www.propubs.com/gsc the National Slag Association formed in 1918. Members from both Associations have addressed meetings and conferences, sharing information and expertise. Editorial David E. Jones The development of the Australasian Slag business has been opened up the potential of using ground granulated blast furnace Website Revision and the fi rst issue of our E News - Connections taking place for the last fi fty (50) years. The Steel Industry in slag in concrete. Since that time there have been signifi cant Australia is located in Port Kembla, Newcastle and Whyalla. Each developments in processing and mix designs for the various slag of these facilities was located on the waterfront on low lying land. products. combine to increase traffi c on the Associations Website The initial value capture came from the use of iron and steel slags Alison Fitzgerald to convert the low lying land into fi rst class stable industrial land The Steel Cement story is a real Australian success story based on capable of supporting large structures. In the 1960’s, reclamation the identifi cation of a value proposition. This has extended the use The new ASA website has proven very popular among members and the general public. This is evident through the increased hits and downloads of low lying land was almost complete so development work was of Ground Granulated Slag in Victoria. it has received since the websites revamp and launch date (7th April, 2011). The graph below shows a noticeable increase in website hits since directed towards fi nding new markets. This required changes in April, which is positive feedback for the ASA and it’s members. processing methods and the development of end products such as Slag products have played and continue to play an important role specifi ed road pavements. At this stage the steel industry started in the development of Port Kembla Port. Community focus on Furthermore, since the new website was developed the downloading of Connections has signifi cantly increased. In the graph below it shows to contract out slag handling and processing with the object of sustainability also highlights the value proposition of slag products a large spike in downloads from the 7th April, in which the website was launched as well as the April edition of connections being published. saving on disposal cost and developing new products. In 1966 particularly in concrete, reducing the CO2e footprint concrete Additionally, for the months of March and April, 325 searches on the library database were registered. Granulation of iron blast furnace slag began at Port Kembla. This construction.

Current and future issues of Connections will be electronic with the capacity to download back issues from the Associations website. Additionally, new content will be added progressively to the website including the current and developing datasheets. ASA Board Changes Following some reordering of Management responsibilities within industry for several decades. The BlueScope Steel, Jim Graham advised of changes to BlueScope Board also nominated David Leavesley Steel’s Principal Representative Nomination. Given that his work from ASMS as Deputy Chair. Australian responsibilities have changed, Jim introduced to the Board the Steel Mill Services (ASMS) is the largest new Principal BlueScope Steel Representative is Chris Page, slag processor and Marketer of iron and Manager Energy and Site Services. steel slag products in Australia. ASMS is a joint venture company between the The Board acknowledged Jim’s support and contribution to the then Queensland Cement Co and the Association’s work in representing BlueScope Steel to the Board Detroit based Levy Company. and Membership. Jim also contributed to the Association as its Chair, guiding the Association through the fi rst International Global The Association looks forward to the Slag Conference held in Sydney November 2010. new team guiding it into a robust future Image: Comparison website hits per month Image: Monthly comparison statistics June 2010 to May 2011 as it continues to strongly advocate the Jim’s departure from the Board, created a vacancy for the position place of Iron and Steel Slag products in of Chair. The Board then resolved to nominate Rob Newman Australasian construction, particularly Managing Director of SCE Group as its new chair to serve out given their contribution to durability the current term. SCE group has been associated with the steel and eco sustainability. industry and the development of the Australasian Slag Products Image: Jim Graham SUBSCRIBE TO 1. Editorial 1. ASA Board Changes CONNECTIONS EDITORIAL TEAM 2. Steel Cement Celebrates 20 years! Connections is published by ASA 2. Capturing the Value of Iron and Steel Rock and Sand The Australasian (Iron & Steel) Slag Association Wollongong NSW 2500 2. Reference Data Sheet 2 – BF Slag Aggregates, Properties Characteristics and Applications Ph: 02 4225 8466 • Fax: 02 4228 1777 3. Insider - Slag as Select Fill for Port Kembla Port Development Email: [email protected] Web: www.asa-inc.org.au www.asa-inc.org.au 4. Insider - Port Kembla Port Development beneﬁ ts from Blast Furnace rock slag properties and availability 4. Insider - Ladle Steel Slag exemption Publisher: ASA inc. Executive Director: Craig Heidrich Editor: David E. Jones 5. Specifying Sustainable Concrete - EcoCem UK Design: www.101design.com.au Views expressed in Connections newsletter do not necessarily reﬂ ect the opinion of the Australasian Slag Association. 5. Revised credit will drive demand for environmentally responsible concrete Contributors: David E Jones, Alison Fitzgerald, Craig Heidrich, Mike Byrne, Tonilee Andrews All contributions are welcomed, though the publisher reserves the right to decline or edit for style grammar, length and legal reasons. THIS ISSUE 6. News Briefs - Australasian & International Connections is a quarterly publication with an online circulation of 1,500 copies

6. Website Revision and the ﬁ rst issue of our E News - Connections combine to increase trafﬁ c on the Associations Website CONTENTS Steel Cement Celebrates 20 years! [SLAGINSIDER] Based on an article by Mike Byrne - Managing Director - Independent Cement and Lime Victoria INSIDER 21st March 2011 was the 20th anniversary of the founding of Steel Losses mounted and the efforts to meet Steel Cement ‘s Cement. The very formation of Steel Cement is itself a story worth obligations to remove granulate proved onerous. A shipload was telling. The founders of Independent Cement were well informed even stored in the Mountain View Quarry (Barro Group) at Point on the usefulness of ground slag as a cement replacement. With Wilson. Despite their difficulties, BHP supported the efforts of Slag as Select Fill for Port Kembla Port Development great foresight, determination and courage they agreed to build a Steel Cement to stick it out. The shareholders did their best to grinding mill at Port Melbourne. The decision to build a mill was support the use of ground slag in their concrete. With the Inner Harbour now fully leased, the demand for additional import and export of dry bulk, break bulk and bulk liquid cargoes subject to acquiring granulated slag from BHP at Newcastle. This facilities has been the trigger to accelerate proposed development (multi-purpose facilities) and the other devoted to container trade coincided with BHP at Newcastle looking to expand its options What is now an everyday event in the use of slag was not so in the in the Outer Harbour. This project will promote the future growth (container facilities). for the use of Blast Furnace slag from its site. The decision to early 1990s as Steel Cement and ICL pioneered its use in Victoria. of trade both within the port and the wider region. While the Inner granulate was based BHP’s desire to capture the increased value Over the years, the ownership structure changed with the pioneers Harbour areas have potential to cater for the growth of existing Regular updates on progress on this and other Port Kembla that Granulate offered over rock slag. David Noonan and Ken Willey’s companies selling, and later cargoes, the proposed development will provide opportunities to Port Sustainability projects and developments can be accessed Ube Industries. The company finally became the wholly owned attract new trade. via the Port’s website or contact Trevor Brown Trevor Brown - The contract entered into with Steel Cement BHP added greater subsidiary of Independent Cement, by then a 50:50 partnership Sustainability Coordinator - Port Kembla Port Corporation. value for the granulate and presented Steel Cement with a very between the Barro Group and Adelaide Brighton Cement. A Master Plan to guide the future development of the Outer Harbour large quantity of granulate to be sold as road base in the Hunter or was completed in 2008 and this has formed the basis of the project shipped to the mill at Port Melbourne. The current success of Steel Cement is a testimony to the description for the Concept Plan and Major Project applications for foresight of its founders, particularly David Noonan, the courage of approval under Part 3A. The Outer Harbour development would be The Japanese company, UBE Industries, became a shareholder its shareholders, the management and staff who have maintained constructed in three stages, with ultimate completion anticipated AUSTRALIAN STEEL and supplied the modern vertical roller mill. The Japanese the facility, and the very great work in the promotion of its output. by 2037. Two approvals are being sought in parallel, a Concept MILL SERVICES personnel worked alongside Steel Cement’s contractors and It is now an integral part of Independent Cement and whilst it faces Plan for the full development and a Project Approval for Stage 1 staff that included Alan Dow, Phil Ireland, Alf Frommer, Wayne some interesting decisions over the next few years, its current of the development. Planning approval to construct and operate Tuddenham & Dave Lambrick. The former have many great success is just reward to all those associated with the company Stages 2 and 3 of the Concept Plan would be subject to separate memories of their time in Melbourne and several recently visited over the 20 years. Project Applications. The Concept Plan would include dredging for a 20th anniversary dinner. Following the opening of the plant, and reclamation to create two new terminals, one devoted to the the market for cement in Victoria collapsed and the company struggled through a most difficult era.

Capturing the Value of Iron and Steel Rock and Sand

Based on a paper by Gregory O; Jones D.E. - “World of Iron & Steel - A construction materials perspective.” - 2005 - Prepared for the Australasian Slag Association Conference Held at Radisson Hotel, Darling Harbour Friday March 18, 2005 - Note: This paper is available from the Association on Line Reference Library

It is easy to recognise that some manufactured product has value be blends of different slag types along with other binders and fines since that is the primary focus of the manufacturing enterprise. to impart the required mechanical and durability properties. For many organisations, it is only in more recent times that the ‘offcuts’, co products’ or by products represent an opportunity Road pavements are a mid range value capture for Iron and Steel rather than simply a disposal cost. Rock and Sand.

At a deep level this has been part of the story surrounding Iron and The higher values come from granulation and grinding of blast steel slag products. The graphic, first presented at an Association furnace slag. Here the cementitious properties are released Conference in Sydney in 2005, shows the uses of iron and enabling a portion of the Portland cement used in concrete to steelmaking slags and the development path to extracting value. be replaced. This has the added benefit of reducing the CO2e For Iron furnace slag, the Romans made the discovery that casting footprint of the structure as well as contributing to its durability. it into blocks could form roads – a key part of the development and maintenance of the Roman Empire. Note: This paper is available from the Association on Line Reference Library Today, the use of rock slag in roads tends to take the form of engineering designed pavements that aim at producing specific Source: Gregory O; Jones D.E. – “World of Iron & Steel - A construction materials Image: Artists Impression of the Outer Harbour extension development using Blast Furnace Rock Slag. perspective.” – 2005 - Prepared for the Australasian Slag Association Conference Held stiffness or load bearing capabilities. Modern slag pavements can at Radisson Hotel, Darling Harbour Friday March 18, 2005 Company Members Personal Members A primary role of our Association is Australian Steel Mill Services Pty Monash University Anderson, L to bring together Slag Producers, BIS Industial Logistics New Zealand Steel Minerals Gregory, G Reference Data Sheet 2 – BF Slag Aggregates, Processors, Customers & Suppliers Boral Cement Ltd OneSteel Limited Hanley, P (Hon.) to the Slag Industry. Our activities Bluescope Steel Ltd (Port Kembla) Roads & Traffic Authority of NSW Heaton, B (Hon.) cover technical developments, Hinczak, Dr, I (Hon.) Cement Australia SCE (Steelstone) Properties Characteristics and Applications plant operations and processes, James, W (Hon.) Concrite Pty Ltd Steel Cement Ltd education and promotion. If you Jones, D E (Hon.) The second of five in the current series of data sheets being of datasheets makes for more would like more information on CSIRO Swinburne University of Prosser, S D (Hon.) produced in the 2010-2011 period has now been published and economic and faster turnaround. It HiSmelt Ltd Technology is available for download on the ASA website http://www.asa-inc. also ensures that each datasheet the Association and how you can Venour, M (Hon.) Holcim Pty Ltd University of Newcastle org/reference-data-sheets.php. presents the latest thinking from become involved, simply complete our research and experience base. the information section at the Holcim NZ Ltd University of Queensland This material originally formed part of a booklet, ‘A guide to the This means we can maintain current end of this newsletter. Current Harsco Metal Holdings Pty Ltd University of Wollongong use of iron blast furnace slag in cement and concrete’. Whilst information and have it readily membership is as listed. still available in its original booklet form, the Association has assessable. taken the view that reviewing this material and publishing a series Related Associations | Canadian Slag Association | National Slag Association (US) | Nippon Slag Association (Japan) | European Slag Association (EU)

02 | connections JULY 11 www.asa-inc.org.au www.asa-inc.org.au connections JULY 11 | 03 Steel Cement Celebrates 20 years! [SLAGINSIDER] Based on an article by Mick Byrne - Managing Director - Independent Cement and Lime Victoria INSIDER 21st March 2011 was the 20th anniversary of the founding of Steel Losses mounted and the efforts to meet Steel Cement ‘s Cement. The very formation of Steel Cement is itself a story worth obligations to remove granulate proved onerous. A shipload was telling. The founders of Independent Cement were well informed even stored in the Mountain View Quarry (Barro Group) at Point on the usefulness of ground slag as a cement replacement. With Wilson. Despite their difficulties, BHP supported the efforts of Slag as Select Fill for Port Kembla Port Development great foresight, determination and courage they agreed to build a Steel Cement to stick it out. The shareholders did their best to grinding mill at Port Melbourne. The decision to build a mill was support the use of ground slag in their concrete. With the Inner Harbour now fully leased, the demand for additional import and export of dry bulk, break bulk and bulk liquid cargoes subject to acquiring granulated slag from BHP at Newcastle. This facilities has been the trigger to accelerate proposed development (multi-purpose facilities) and the other devoted to container trade coincided with BHP at Newcastle looking to expand its options What is now an everyday event in the use of slag was not so in the in the Outer Harbour. This project will promote the future growth (container facilities). for the use of Blast Furnace slag from its site. The decision to early 1990s as Steel Cement and ICL pioneered its use in Victoria. of trade both within the port and the wider region. While the Inner granulate was based BHP’s desire to capture the increased value Over the years, the ownership structure changed with the pioneers Harbour areas have potential to cater for the growth of existing Regular updates on progress on this and other Port Kembla that Granulate offered over rock slag. David Noonan and Ken Willey’s companies selling, and later cargoes, the proposed development will provide opportunities to Port Sustainability projects and developments can be accessed Ube Industries. The company finally became the wholly owned attract new trade. via the Port’s website or contact Trevor Brown Trevor Brown - The contract entered into with Steel Cement BHP added greater subsidiary of Independent Cement, by then a 50:50 partnership Sustainability Coordinator - Port Kembla Port Corporation. value for the granulate and presented Steel Cement with a very between the Barro Group and Adelaide Brighton Cement. A Master Plan to guide the future development of the Outer Harbour large quantity of granulate to be sold as road base in the Hunter or was completed in 2008 and this has formed the basis of the project shipped to the mill at Port Melbourne. The current success of Steel Cement is a testimony to the description for the Concept Plan and Major Project applications for foresight of its founders, particularly David Noonan, the courage of approval under Part 3A. The Outer Harbour development would be The Japanese company, UBE Industries, became a shareholder its shareholders, the management and staff who have maintained constructed in three stages, with ultimate completion anticipated AUSTRALIAN STEEL and supplied the modern vertical roller mill. The Japanese the facility, and the very great work in the promotion of its output. by 2037. Two approvals are being sought in parallel, a Concept MILL SERVICES personnel worked alongside Steel Cement’s contractors and It is now an integral part of Independent Cement and whilst it faces Plan for the full development and a Project Approval for Stage 1 staff that included Alan Dow, Phil Ireland, Alf Frommer, Wayne some interesting decisions over the next few years, its current of the development. Planning approval to construct and operate Tuddenham & Dave Lambrick. The former have many great success is just reward to all those associated with the company Stages 2 and 3 of the Concept Plan would be subject to separate memories of their time in Melbourne and several recently visited over the 20 years. Project Applications. The Concept Plan would include dredging for a 20th anniversary dinner. Following the opening of the plant, and reclamation to create two new terminals, one devoted to the the market for cement in Victoria collapsed and the company struggled through a most difficult era.

Capturing the Value of Iron and Steel Rock and Sand

02 | connections JULY 11 www.asa-inc.org.au www.asa-inc.org.au connections JULY 11 | 03 [SLAGINSIDER] Ladle Steel Slag exemption INSIDER The Association has been involved in discussion and providing test The General Exemption was published in the NSW Government Gazette on data and information aimed at bringing certainty to the conditions 14 June 2011. A copy of the General Exemption is enclosed. This General under which electric furnace ladle slag can be used in construction Exemption was the result of a significant bod of work conducted with and other projects. We share a common objective with the Office industry stakeholders and delivers certainty for industry as well as positive of Environment and Heritage in encouraging resource recovery of resource recovery outcomes and good environment protection for the Port Kembla Port Development benefits from Blast Furnace materials which otherwise may have been discarded or there would community.” be the need to justify their use on a case by case basis. Setting the expected properties and general conditions of use brings Members of the Association have provided a significant amount rock slag properties and availability assurance to the users, producers and indeed the community of material and testing to underpin the general exemption. They allowing the material to be used appropriately. have also worked with the Associations Executive Director and Tonilee Andrews – Port Engineer Port Kembla Port Corp OEH staff. The letter from the Office of Environment and Heritage to the The Port Corporation has extensively used uncrushed blast in layers using vibratory pad foot rollers which breaks down the Association advises: A copy of the generable exemption is available from the furnace slag in the major Inner Harbour development projects we slag into smaller particles and greatly assists compaction with very Association or from members working with electric arc furnace have completed over the last decade and we will again use in the high compaction levels achieved. Smooth drum rollers then seal “The Office of Environment and heritage (“OEH”) is pleased to inform ladle slag products. Outer Harbour projects now underway. It’s a great reclamation the surface. This method produces an extremely good subgrade you of the release of the finalised Resource Recovery Exemption for electric fill material as it has very good engineering properties. We have that actually improves its strength over time with the hydration of are furnace ladle slag (“General Exemption”) normally used BF slag that has been aged by longer term storage the cementitious components of the slag. In port construction the in open stockpiles. This eliminates the problems encountered with pavements are very heavy duty due to the very high axle loads of using fresh BF slag that can produce odours. Using aged BF slag stockyard machinery such as fork lift trucks and reach stackers. for reclamations works in the harbour as it minimises the alkalinity Our pavements are designed to accommodate axle loads of 100 of any leachate that comes from the slag and in our experience tonnes and more and port pavements are normally in excess of a Specifying Sustainable Concrete - EcoCem UK pH levels of sea water adjacent to the reclamation fill face are only metre thick. Typically, on a subgrade with CBR of around 10% we slightly higher than the natural pH of sea water itself. The natural would have a subbase of 300mm, a bound base course of 600mm The use of Ground granulated Blast Furnace Slag as a component of Concrete mixes has been angle of repose of the face slope of BF slag pushed into the harbour and then 150mm of asphalt. When we constructed Berth 106 a well recognised in Australasia and globally as providing durability and sustainability to structures as a reclamation is approximately 1.5H to 1V or about 34 degrees number of years ago the entire reclamation was of compacted BF using such mixes. The Concrete Centre in the UK has recently published a guidance document to the horizontal which is quite steep and an ideal slope for our slag and this produced a subgrade with a CBR>60%. Due to this entitled “Specifying Sustainable Concrete”. The guidance assists specifiers to optimise the harbour revetments, so trimming of the front slope is minimal prior high CBR we were able to completely eliminate the need for the sustainable credentials of concrete. It deals with the sustainability impacts on concrete of to placing rock armoured revetments on the reclamation face to subbase layer and the pavement was reduced from 1050mm to cement type, aggregates, admixtures, reinforcement and water. A key point of the report is that protect against wave damage. We have recently tested BF slag at 775mm thick realising a considerable cost saving. “The cementitious component of concrete represents the majority of the embodied CO2 (ECO2) the University of NSW using large shear box apparatus in order to of concrete”. determine the angle of internal friction (Ø) of the slag. Test results I can honestly say that the port of Port Kembla has benefited indicate a Ø of 46˚. High friction angle means that the factor of significantly over the last few decades by using BF slag inport In Irish practice, GGBS is typically used at blend rates of 30–70% with the most common being safety for slope stability of the reclamation face is high and in the development projects both in terms of its beneficial engineering 50%. It is widely recognised that higher GGBS contents deliver: long term the slopes will remain secure. It also allows equipment properties but also by reducing our dependency on quarried to work close to reclamation faces during construction. products by reusing a by-product of the iron making process from The Concrete centre has published a downloadable guidance document to assist users and the steelworks just over our “back fence”. specifiers in achieving the most sustainable concrete having in mind the environment in which The BF slag compacts reasonably well with underwater placement they are working. due to the surcharge weight of the material itself. Deep compaction has not normally been required as the mixed grading Calculate CO2 Savings of the material affords natural underwater compaction. Once the CO savings arise because Ecocem GGBS has a CO footprint of 0–50 kg/tonne and replaces reclamation level is above water level the slag is then compacted 2 2 ordinary cement, CEM II/A or CEM I, which has a CO2 footprint of approximately 800–900 kg/tonne respectively. If 50% Ecocem cement is used in a typical 8m3 concrete delivery, a

saving of 1.0 tonne of CO2 will be achieved.

In Australia there have been many structures where GGBFS has been used to impart durability, including the Sydney Harbour Tunnel immersed tube segments, the seawall around the Sydney Opera House and as undersea grouting for components of the Offshore Gas platforms on the North West shelf of Western Australia. As well as the durability against

the aggressive environments, there is also the lowering of the structures CO2e footprint. Revised credit will drive demand for environmentally responsible concrete A revised Green Star ‘Concrete’ credit, which aims to further drive criteria to encourage the use of alternative fuels in cement kilns, demand for concrete with reduced environmental impact, has alternative fine aggregate and non-potable water in concrete.” been released for stakeholder comment. This revision is based on the work of a concrete expert working panel and comes out of a 20 The revised Concrete credit has also been streamlined through the month review of independent research and a site tour of Australian introduction of templates and a reference case for SCM use. Cement manufacturing facilities. “The global cement industry is working to reduce its environmental A Concrete Credit to encourage the use of supplementary impact, and is developing more sustainable and cost-effective cementitious materials (SCM) and recycled aggregate in concrete production methods. Use of SCM, alternative fuels, non-potable has been in place since the Green Building Council of Australia water and non-virgin aggregate in cement production are key introduced Green Star in 2003 says Green Star Director, Andrew strategies for achieving this aim,” Mr Aitken says. Aitken. “The review of the Concrete credit reflects the GBCA’s commitment “The Concrete Expert Reference Panel determined that the broad to ensure Green Star tools remain relevant, robust and at the focus of the previous credit was appropriate, but that it could be leading edge of best practice,” Mr Aitken concludes. clarified, as well as improved through the introduction ofnew Source: Green Building Council of Australia

04 | connections JULY 11 www.asa-inc.org.au www.asa-inc.org.au connections JULY 11 | 05 [SLAGINSIDER] Ladle Steel Slag exemption INSIDER The Association has been involved in discussion and providing test The General Exemption was published in the NSW Government Gazette on data and information aimed at bringing certainty to the conditions 14 June 2011. A copy of the General Exemption is enclosed. This General under which electric furnace ladle slag can be used in construction Exemption was the result of a significant bod of work conducted with and other projects. We share a common objective with the Office industry stakeholders and delivers certainty for industry as well as positive of Environment and Heritage in encouraging resource recovery of resource recovery outcomes and good environment protection for the Port Kembla Port Development benefits from Blast Furnace materials which otherwise may have been discarded or there would community.” be the need to justify their use on a case by case basis. Setting the expected properties and general conditions of use brings Members of the Association have provided a significant amount rock slag properties and availability assurance to the users, producers and indeed the community of material and testing to underpin the general exemption. They allowing the material to be used appropriately. have also worked with the Associations Executive Director and Tonilee Andrews – Port Engineer Port Kembla Port Corp OEH staff. The letter from the Office of Environment and Heritage to the The Port Corporation has extensively used uncrushed blast in layers using vibratory pad foot rollers which breaks down the Association advises: A copy of the generable exemption is available from the furnace slag in the major Inner Harbour development projects we slag into smaller particles and greatly assists compaction with very Association or from members working with electric arc furnace have completed over the last decade and we will again use in the high compaction levels achieved. Smooth drum rollers then seal “The Office of Environment and heritage (“OEH”) is pleased to inform ladle slag products. Outer Harbour projects now underway. It’s a great reclamation the surface. This method produces an extremely good subgrade you of the release of the finalised Resource Recovery Exemption for electric fill material as it has very good engineering properties. We have that actually improves its strength over time with the hydration of are furnace ladle slag (“General Exemption”) normally used BF slag that has been aged by longer term storage the cementitious components of the slag. In port construction the in open stockpiles. This eliminates the problems encountered with pavements are very heavy duty due to the very high axle loads of using fresh BF slag that can produce odours. Using aged BF slag stockyard machinery such as fork lift trucks and reach stackers. for reclamations works in the harbour as it minimises the alkalinity Our pavements are designed to accommodate axle loads of 100 of any leachate that comes from the slag and in our experience tonnes and more and port pavements are normally in excess of a Specifying Sustainable Concrete - EcoCem UK pH levels of sea water adjacent to the reclamation fill face are only metre thick. Typically, on a subgrade with CBR of around 10% we slightly higher than the natural pH of sea water itself. The natural would have a subbase of 300mm, a bound base course of 600mm The use of Ground granulated Blast Furnace Slag as a component of Concrete mixes has been angle of repose of the face slope of BF slag pushed into the harbour and then 150mm of asphalt. When we constructed Berth 106 a well recognised in Australasia and globally as providing durability and sustainability to structures as a reclamation is approximately 1.5H to 1V or about 34 degrees number of years ago the entire reclamation was of compacted BF using such mixes. The Concrete Centre in the UK has recently published a guidance document to the horizontal which is quite steep and an ideal slope for our slag and this produced a subgrade with a CBR>60%. Due to this entitled “Specifying Sustainable Concrete”. The guidance assists specifiers to optimise the harbour revetments, so trimming of the front slope is minimal prior high CBR we were able to completely eliminate the need for the sustainable credentials of concrete. It deals with the sustainability impacts on concrete of to placing rock armoured revetments on the reclamation face to subbase layer and the pavement was reduced from 1050mm to cement type, aggregates, admixtures, reinforcement and water. A key point of the report is that protect against wave damage. We have recently tested BF slag at 775mm thick realising a considerable cost saving. “The cementitious component of concrete represents the majority of the embodied CO2 (ECO2) the University of NSW using large shear box apparatus in order to of concrete”. determine the angle of internal friction (Ø) of the slag. Test results I can honestly say that the port of Port Kembla has benefited indicate a Ø of 46˚. High friction angle means that the factor of significantly over the last few decades by using BF slag inport In Irish practice, GGBS is typically used at blend rates of 30–70% with the most common being safety for slope stability of the reclamation face is high and in the development projects both in terms of its beneficial engineering 50%. It is widely recognised that higher GGBS contents deliver: long term the slopes will remain secure. It also allows equipment properties but also by reducing our dependency on quarried to work close to reclamation faces during construction. products by reusing a by-product of the iron making process from The Concrete centre has published a downloadable guidance document to assist users and the steelworks just over our “back fence”. specifiers in achieving the most sustainable concrete having in mind the environment in which The BF slag compacts reasonably well with underwater placement they are working. due to the surcharge weight of the material itself. Deep compaction has not normally been required as the mixed grading Calculate CO2 Savings of the material affords natural underwater compaction. Once the CO savings arise because Ecocem GGBS has a CO footprint of 0–50 kg/tonne and replaces reclamation level is above water level the slag is then compacted 2 2 ordinary cement, CEM II/A or CEM I, which has a CO2 footprint of approximately 800–900 kg/tonne respectively. If 50% Ecocem cement is used in a typical 8m3 concrete delivery, a

saving of 1.0 tonne of CO2 will be achieved.

04 | connections JULY 11 www.asa-inc.org.au www.asa-inc.org.au connections JULY 11 | 05 new contentwillbeaddedprogressively tothewebsiteincludingcurrent anddevelopingdatasheets. Current and future issues of Connections will be electronic with the capacity to download back issues from the Associations website. Additionally, published. Additionally,being forthemonthsofMarchconnections andApril,325searches onthelibrarydatabasewere registered.of edition April the as well as launched was website the which in April, 7th the from downloads in spike large a shows it signifibelow has graph Connections the of In increased.downloading cantly the developed was website new the since Furthermore, April, whichispositivefeedbackfortheASAandit’s members. increasesince noticeable hits a website shows in below graph The 2011). April, receivedrevamp(7th has websites date it the launch since and The new ASA website has proven very popular among members and the general public. This is evident through the increased hits and downloads AUSTRALASIAN information andexpertise. sharing conferences, and meetings addressed have Associations the National Slag Association formed in 1918. on Members from both constitution and structures ASA original its The based 1990 in Associations. formed two the long between a is relationship There standing USA. the in meeting Association Slag National the to presentation a made and attended Heidrich Craig Director Executive ASA May, During – NSA attends Director Executive from theConference websitewww.concrete2011.com.au. homepage Institute’s the from both brochure the of copy a download can Members Australia. at the fabulous Burswood Entertainment Complex, Perth, Western 2011 October 12-14 from held be will conference now The available. is 2011, Concrete Conference, Biennial 25th Australia’s of Institute Concrete the for brochureregistration the that Members inform to pleased is Institute The Perth. Complex, Entertainment Burswood Conference, fabulous the at 2011 Biennial October 12-14 - 25th 2011 Concrete - Australia of Institute Concrete details contact theSocietieswebsiteathttp://www.hpc-2011.com conference For Zealand. New Rotarua in Utilisation and Verifi Design, Concrete cation Performance High on Symposium The New Zealand Concrete Society is holding its 9th International [ l otiuin r ecmd huhtepbihrrsre h ih odcieo dtfrsyegamr eghadlglraos All contributions arewelcomed, the right todecline thoughthepublisher reserves oreditforstyle grammar, lengthandlegal reasons. Views expressed inConnectionsnewsletter donotnecessarily refl Above: Monthlywebsitehitsovera12 monthperiod Alison Fitzgerald combine toincrease traffi c ontheAssociationsWebsite Website Revisionandthefi rst issueofourENews-Connections NEWS SUBSCRIBE TO SUBSCRIBE www.asa-inc.org.au BRIEFS ] or www.concreteinstitute.com.au ect theopinionof the Australasian Slag Association. ute dtis r aalbe hog te lbl lg est at www.propubs.com/gsc website Slag Global the through November. available are 17-18 details diary Further your for Dates Finland. Helsinki in fitime the for rst Scandinavia in held be will it year This Hemisphere. 7th The INTERNATIONAL this maintaining regular contactandinformationsharing. in Associations other the of interest the test to held was teleconference and meeting initial an in 2010 Sydney November in Conference collaboration Slag Global the International During priority. remains high – usage a product slag Slag on Associations Steel National between and Iron of World Above: Weekly documentdownloadsfrom library overa12 monthperiod returns to the Northern Northern the to returns Conference Slag Global

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THIS ISSUE ASA Board Changes ASA Granulation of iron blast furnace slag began at Port Kembla. This Kembla. Port at began slag 1966 furnace blast iron of In Granulation products. new developing and cost disposal of on object saving the with processing and handling slag out contract to started industry specifisteel the stage this At pavements. road ed processing methods and the development of end products in such changes as required This fi markets. towards new directed nding was work development so complete almost was land lying low of 1960’s,reclamationthe In structures.large supporting of capable land fiindustrial into stable land class lying rst low the convert to slags steel ironand of use fromcapturethe came value initial The land. lying low on waterfront the on located was facilities these in of Industry Steel The years. Each Whyalla. and Newcastle Kembla, Port in located is fiAustralia (50) last fty been the has for business place Slag taking Australasian the of development The David E.Jones Editorial industry and the development of the Australasian Slag Products Slag Australasian the of development the and industry steel the with out associated been serve has group SCE to term. chair current the Newman new its Rob as Group nominate SCE of to Director resolved Managing then Board The Chair. of Jim’s departure from the Board, created a vacancy for the position Slag Conference heldinSydneyNovember2010. Chair, its guiding as the Association through Association the fi the to rst International Global contributed also Jim Membership. and Board the to Steel BlueScope representing in Association’swork the to contribution and support Jim’s acknowledged Board The Page, Chris is Representative Manager Energy and SiteServices. Steel BlueScope Principal the new Board the to introduced Jim changed, have responsibilities work his that Given Nomination. Representative Principal Steel’s BlueScope to changes of advised Graham Jim Steel, BlueScope within responsibilities Management of reordering some Following Website Revisionand thefi -Connections combine toincreasetraffirst issue ofourENews c onthe Associations Website 6. 6. 5. 5. 4. 4. 3. 2. 2. 2. 1. 1. News Briefs -Australasian&International News responsibleconcrete Revised credit willdrivedemandforenvironmentally Concrete -EcoCemUK Specifying Sustainable Insider -LadleSteelSlagexemption Developmentbenefi KemblaPort Insider -Port ts fromBlastFurnace andavailability rock slagproperties Development KemblaPort Insider -SlagasSelectFillforPort CharacteristicsandApplications SlagAggregates,Properties Sheet2–BF Reference Data Capturing theValue ofIronandSteelRock andSand Steel CementCelebrates20years! BoardChanges ASA Editorial atclry n ocee rdcn te CO the reducing concrete, in particularly on focus Community sustainability also highlights the value proposition of slag Port. products Kembla Port of development the in roleimportant an play to continue and played productshave Slag of Ground GranulatedSlaginVictoria. the identifi cation of a value proposition. This has extended the use The Steel Cement story is a real Australian success story based on signifi cant been products. have there slag various time the for designs mix and processing in that developments Since concrete. in slag furnace blast granulated ground using of potential the up opened construction. ie ter otiuin o durability and ecosustainability. to contribution their given particularly construction, Australasian place of Iron and Steel Slag products in as it continues to strongly advocate the new team guiding it into a robust future the to forward looks Association The Detroit basedLevyCompany. the and Co Cement Queensland then is a joint venture company between the ASMS Australia. in products slag steel slag processor and Marketer of iron and Steel Mill Services (ASMS) is the largest The from ASMS as Deputy Chair. Australian decades. several BoardLeavesley David nominated also for industry CONTENTS Connections is a quarterly publication with an online circulation of 1,500 copies publication withanonline circulation of1,500 Connections isaquarterly Contributors: Craig Heidrich, Mike Byrne, Tonilee DavidEJones, AlisonFitzgerald, Andrews Design: www.101design.com.au inc.ExecutiveDirector: CraigHeidrich Editor:DavidE.Jones Publisher: ASA Email: [email protected] •Fax:0242281777Ph: 0242258466 2500 The Australasian(Iron&Steel)SlagAssociationWollongong NSW Connections ispublishedbyASA TEAM EDITORIAL CONNECTIONS Vol 9|Issue2July2011 Web: www.asa-inc.org.au 2 fopit concrete footprint e Image: JimGraham 11