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Chapter Eight: Marches and (1969-1973)

Document 183: From the to Liberation Day

The document printed in The Riots is C. F. [Carole Friedman], “In the Movement: ERCHO Report, Action League Newsletter, Jan. 1970, 5-7. For related sources, see C. F. [Carole Friedman], “Whither the Movement,” Homophile Action League Newsletter, Nov. 1969, 1-3; Madolin Cervantes, “Autumn Conference of E.R.C.H.O. Meets in , , 1 Dec. 1969, 3, 10; “ERCHO Spring Conference,” Gay Power (1.7), c. Dec. 1969, 6; Bob Martin, “ERCHO Meeting Adopts Radical Manifesto,” Advocate, Jan. 1970, 24; 28th of June Cell, “GLF News,” Come Out!, 10 Jan. 1970, 16; “Cross Currents,” The Ladder, Feb. 1970, 36; , May 1970, 236-237; Playboy, Aug. 1970, 47.

Documents 184 and 187: City Pride, 1970

The documents reprinted in The are Kay Tobin [Lahusen], “Thousands Take Part in Gay Marches,” GAY, 20 July 1970, 12; “Drag Queens Demonstrate,” Drag (1.1), c. Aug. 1970, 5. For related sources in May and June, see “New Yorkers Plan Big Demonstration,” Los Angeles Advocate, 13 May 1970, 7; “Funds Needed for ‘Gay-In,’” Homophile Action League Newsletter, May 1970, 3; “Christopher Street Liberation Day Announced,” GAY, 8 , 3; Charles McHarry, “On the Town,” , 10 June 1970; “Scenes,” Village Voice, 11 June 1970; Robert Sylvester, “Dream Street,” New York Daily News, 12 June 1970, 60; “Liberation Day Set for Homosexuals,” News, 19 June 1970, 4; “N.Y. Gays Set Big Liberation Day March,” Los Angeles Advocate, 24 June 1970, 1; “Remember the Stonewall,” GAY, 29 June 1970, 2; Lige Clark and , “Remember the Stonewall!” GAY, 29 June 1970, 5; John Francis Hunter, “The Rise of the New Conscience: on ,” GAY, 29 June 1970, 10-11; Lacey Fosburgh, “Thousands of Homosexuals Hold a Protest Rally in ,” New York Times, 29 June 1970, 1, 20; “10,000 Gay Folk Stage a Parade,” New York Daily News, 29 June 1970; “Big Gay Parade in ,” Chronicle, 29 June 1970, 1, 20; “Homosexuals March in N.Y.,” Washington Post, 29 June 1970, A20. For related sources in July 1970, see Jonathan Black, “A Happy Birthday for ,” Village Voice, 2 July 1970, 1, 58; Jill Johnston, “Of This Pure But Irregular Passion,” Village Voice, 2 July 1970, 29-30, 38-39, 55; Les Matthews, “Gay Set Seeking Rights,” Amsterdam News, 4 July 1970, 43; Lacey Fosburgh, “The ‘Gay’ People Demand Their Rights,” New York Times, 5 July 1970, 12; Carlyle Schroer, letter to the editor, New York Daily News, 7 July 1970; “Charlie Cherokee Says,” Chicago Defender, 8 July 1970, 5; Anthony Hiss, “Parade,” New Yorker, 11 July 1970, 19-20; “Gay Pride,” TIME, 13 July 1970, 6; “Let’s Do It,” Newsweek, 13 July 1970; “,” Philadelphia Free Press, 13 July 1970, 9; Nora Sayre, “New York’s Gay-In,” New Statesman, 17 July 1970, 53-54; “Love’s Coming of Age: June 28, 1970,” GAY, 20 July 1970, 2; Jason Gould, “Out of the Closets, Into the Streets,” GAY, 20 July 1970, 4-7; Nancy Tucker, “New York Has Largest Turnout, Longest Gay March,” The Los Angeles Advocate, 22 July 1970, 1, 5; “Historic Day,” The Los Angeles Advocate, 22 July 1970, 18; John

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LeRoy, “Toward a New Morality: The Challenge of Gay Liberation,” GAY, 27 July 1970, 10; “Extra! Gays March!” Gay Scene, July 1970, 2; “Gay Liberation Day,” of New York Newsletter, July 1970, 17; “Gay Power News: New York,” Gay Power (1.20), c. July 1970, 3, 12; “‘We Did It,’” Gay Power (1.20), c. July 1970, 8-9, 15. For related sources in August and September 1970, see Cary Yurman, “We Broke the World’s Kissing Record!” GAY, 3 Aug. 1970, 8; Jim Owles, letter to the editor, Amsterdam News, 1 Aug. 1970, 16; “Gay Pride Week USA,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1970, 1-2; “D.D.’s New York,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1970, 8; Robert Liechti, “Of the Day That Was and the Glory of It,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1970, 6-7; “After Gay Pride Day,” Mattachine Times, Aug. 1970, 10; “Joy in Mudville—Or Gay Marches On,” New York Newsletter, Aug. 1970, 1, 3; Two , “Christopher Street Liberation Day,” Come Out!, Sep. 1970, 19; Perry Brass, “We Did It!” Come Out!, Sep. 1970, 11; Jeremiah, “The March,” Come Out!, Sep. 1970, 11; “Gay Freedom 1970,” ’s Quarterly, Fall 1970, 8.

Document 185: , 1970

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is “1200 Parade in Hollywood; Crowds Line Boulevard,” Los Angeles Advocate, 22 July 1970, 1, 6. For related sources, see “Major L.A. Celebration Planned to Commemorate Christopher Street Riots,” Los Angeles Advocate, 10 June 1970, 3; Paul , “Homosexuals Get ACLU Aid in Fight for Parade Permit,” , 13 June 1970, A1, back page; “L.A. to Celebrate Stonewall Anniversary,” GAY, 22 June 1970, 3; “Big L.A. Christopher St. W. Parade Planned,” Los Angeles Advocate, 24 June 1970, 1; “Homosexuals Stage Hollywood Parade,” Los Angeles Times, 29 June 1970, 3, 22; “Gay Power News: West Coast,” Gay Power (1.19), c. June 1970, 6; “Gay Power News: National,” Gay Power (1.19), c. June 1970, 8; “Permit Hassle Fails to Kill Celebration of Gay Pride,” Los Angeles Advocate, 8 July 1970, 1, 6; “Gay Pride,” TIME, 13 July 1970, 6; “Let’s Do It,” Newsweek, 13 July 1970; “Christopher West Pin Brings Lewdness Bust,” Los Angeles Advocate, 22 July 1970, 2; “Historic Day,” Los Angeles Advocate, 22 July 1970, 18; Lyn Pedersen, “Christopher Street West,” GAY, 27 July 1970, 4-5; “Christopher Street West A Success— Arrested,” GAY, 27 July 1970, 3; “Gay Power News: West Coast,” Gay Power (1.20), c. July 1970, 4; “Gay Power News: West Coast,” Gay Power (1.21), c. July 1970, 3; , Lee Heflin, and Geno Vezina “The Great Parade: Christopher Street West,” Los Angeles Free Press, 14 Aug. 1970, 51, 58, 59, 62; “Gay Pride Week USA,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1970, 1-2; “Around the World,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1970, 4; “Troy Perry Again Found Guilty in Retrial on Blocking Sidewalk,” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 2.

Document 186: Chicago Pride, 1970

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is Bob Stanley, “Gay Pride Week, 1970: That Was The Week That Was,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, July 1970, 1. For related sources, see “Gay Pride Week,” Chicago Gay Liberation Newsletter, 18 June 1970, 2; William B. Kelley, “‘Gay Pride Week’ June 21-28,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, June 1970, 1; “Gay Power News: National,” Gay Power (1.19), c. June 1970, 8; David Stienecker, “Several Hundred Gays March in Chicago Pride Celebration,” Los Angeles

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Advocate, 22 July 1970, 2; “Historic Day,” Los Angeles Advocate, 22 July 1970, 18; Bob Stanley, “Chicago Celebrates Gay Pride Week,” GAY, 27 July 1970, 3; Rich Larsen, “Gay Pride Week Huge Success!” Chicago Gay Liberation Newsletter, Aug. 1970, 1-3; “Gay Pride Week USA,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1970, 1-2.

For sources on San Francisco’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1970, see “Gay Is Bad,” Berkeley Tribe, 19 June 1970, 1; “Break Out of the Closet,” Berkeley Tribe, 19 June 1970, 13; Phil Pukas, “Lonely Porkers Crash Gay-In,” Berkeley Barb, 3 July 1969, 1; “Let’s Do It,” Newsweek, 13 July 1970; “SF March, Gay-In Held,” Los Angeles Advocate, 22 July 1970, 2; “San Francisco to Celebrate Gay Pride,” GAY, 10 Aug. 1970, 3; “Dawning of the Age of Aquarius,” SIR Insider, 12 Aug. 1970, 10; Peter Stack, “‘Miracle Mile’ Revelry: Parading in a New Age,” San Francisco Chronicle, 17 Aug. 1970, 5; Lou Greene, “Around Town: Parades, Polk and a Pool,” Vector, Oct. 1970, 18.

For sources on Provincetown’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1970, see “Gay Antiwar March,” Los Angeles Times, 7 July 1970, 16; “Provincetown Council Denies Permit,” GAY, 13 July 1970, 3, 12; “Gay Groups March on Provincetown,” GAY, 27 July 1970, 3.

Document 188: New York City Pride, 1971

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is Breck Ardery, “Gay Pride ’71: New York,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 3, 8. For related sources in Feb.-June 1971, see “New Yorkers Predict 50,000 in June 27 Fete,” The Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 2; “Gay Pride Week,” Come Out, Spring 1971, 13; “Gay Pride Week,” Gay Activist, May 1971, 3; Merle Miller, “Homosexual Revolution,” Washington Post, 2 June 1971, B1, B6; “Great Day Coming!” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 24; “Liberation Day Set for Homosexuals,” Amsterdam News, 19 June 1971, 4; “Gay Week Kicks Off in Fun City,” New York Post, 21 June 1971; “Mass March for New York,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 3; Joseph Lelyveld, “Militant Homosexuals to Stage March to Central Park Today,” New York Times, 27 June 1971, 30; Merle Miller, “The Challenge Began at ,” San Francisco Examiner, 27 June 1971, 39; Paul Montgomery, “5,000 Homosexuals March to Central Park for a Rally,” New York Times, 28 June 1971, 23; “Gamboling Gays’ New York Parade,” San Francisco Chronicle, 28 June 1971, 7; “The Gays Go On A March,” New York Post, 28 June 1971, 13; “Liberation Day March,” Gay Scene, June 1971, 2; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, June 1971, 12; “Gay Pride Week,” Gay Activist, June 1971, 1, 8. For related sources in July and August 1971, see Peter Ogren, “The Sources of Gay Pride,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 6; Peter Hadley, “Gay Pride Week Opens,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 1; “New York Gay Pride Week Calendar,” GAY, 5 July 1971, 7; Bruce King, “Gays March,” Gay Scene (2.2), c. July 1971, 2; “6,000 Turn Out for Gay Pride,” Daughters of Bilitis New York Newsletter, July 1971, 1-2; “Thousands Demonstrate during Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, July 1971, 1; “Are You in This Picture?” GAY, 2 Aug. 1971, 1; Thane Hampten, “Oh Happy Day! June 27,1971,” GAY, 2 Aug. 1971, 6-10; “Second Birthday March,” Gay Activist, Aug. 1971, 3; Editorial, Gay Activist, Aug. 1971, 5; “Gay Liberation Day March,” Gay Scene (2.3), Aug. 1971, 3, 6; “Target Date,” Queen’s Quarterly, Aug. 1971, 5, 36; Hildegarde Weiss, “N.Y. ,”

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Gay Liberator, Sep. 1971, 1; , “Gay and Free,” Queen’s Quarterly, Nov. 1971, 22-27.

Documents 189 and 190: Los Angeles Pride, 1971

The documents reprinted in The Stonewall Riots are “Gay Pride ’71: Hollywood,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 4; “Long, Well-Rounded Entry Clouds Parade Aftermath,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 4. For related sources, see “Christopher Street West Parade Permit Approved,” The Advocate, 31 Mar. 1971, 1, 11; “Dinner Will Boost Parade,” The Advocate, 28 Apr. 1971, 6; “CSW: ‘Unity in Diversity,’” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 2; “Great Day Coming!” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 24; “Gay Pride Week,” Los Angeles Free Press, 18 June 1971, 2; “CSW Parade Support Urged,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 3; Bill Lane, “People, Places, ‘n’ Situwayshuns,” Los Angeles Sentinel, 1 July 1971, B3; Mother Jackson, “Free the Caterpillar!,” Berkeley Barb, 2 July 1971, 9; “LA Gay Parley,” Berkeley Barb, 2 July 1971, 5; Pat Kelly, “Regional Meet Draws 350 Gay Lib Women,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 16; “The New ‘Penology,’” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 24; Pete Craig, “Sideliners Eager to Look, Not to Buy,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 4; “Presbyterians Routed: L.A. Fellowship Comes Out,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 10; “Thousands Demonstrate during Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, July 1971, 1; Jim Kepner, “Angles on the News,” The Advocate, 4 Aug. 1971, 8; Chuck Avery, “The Gay Parade: L.A.,” Gay Sunshine, Aug. 1971, 6; “Target Date,” Queen’s Quarterly, Aug. 1971, 5, 36.

Document 191: Chicago Pride, 1971

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is John Tackaberry and Bob Fish, “Gay Pride ’71: Chicago,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 2. For related sources, see “Gay Pride Week: June 19-27,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, May 1971, 1-2; “Gay Pride: Chicago Plans,” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 2; Bob Stanley, “Gay and Proud in Chicago,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, June 1971, 1, 2; Audrey Weaver, “From the Weaver,” Chicago Defender, 3 July 1971, 12; “Chicago Celebrates Gay Pride Week,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, July 1971, 4-5; “Chicago Gay Alliance Faces Changes,” Chicago Gay Alliance Newsletter, July 1971, 2.

For sources on San Francisco’s and Sacramento’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1971, see “Perry Plans S.F.-Sacramento March in June,” The Advocate, 3 Feb. 1971, 3, 11; “Plans Jell for June 19 March to Sacramento,” The Advocate, 9 June 1971, 2; “Gay Jobs,” Berkeley Tribe, 19 June 1971, 15; “Gaylibirthday,” Berkeley Barb, 25 June 1971, 6; “Gaylibirthday,” Berkeley Barb, 25 June 1971, 6; “March to Sacramento: A Gay Rally at Capitol,” San Francisco Chronicle, 26 June 1971, 6; “Long March for Gay Pride,” Berkeley Barb, 2 July 1971, 7; “Work Harder for Reform, Solons Urge,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 12, 15; Leo Laurence, “The Long March: Rigor vs. Rights,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 13, 14; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, July 1971, 1; “Thousands Demonstrate During Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5; Jim Kepner, “Angles on

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the News,” The Advocate, 4 Aug. 1971, 8; Douglas L. Brown, “The Long March,” Gay Sunshine, Aug. 1971, 5; “The Sacramento March,” Vector, Aug. 1971, 39-40, 45.

For sources on San Jose’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1971, see Karl Garcia, “GLF Letter,” Berkeley Tribe, 28 May 1971, 17; “March Set in San Jose,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 3; “Gaylibirthday,” Berkeley Barb, 25 June 1971, 6; “Gay Pride ’71: San Jose,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 26; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, July 1971, 1; “Thousands Demonstrate During Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5

For sources on ’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1971, see “Dallas Celebration,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 3.

For sources on Bridgeport’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1971, see “Connecticut Rally to Aim Protest at Federal Laws,” The Advocate, 23 June 1971, 11; “Connecticut Gays Fight Slurs,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 9; “Straights Harass Bridgeport Gays,” Gay Activist, Aug. 1971, 1-2.

For sources on ’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1971, see Paul F. Kneeland, “March, Speeches Mark Gay Pride Week,” Boston Globe, 27 June 1971, 20; John Mitzel, “Gay Pride ’71: Boston,” The Advocate, 21 July 1971, 1, 6; “Gay Pride Week,” Mattachine Times, July 1971, 1; “Thousands Demonstrate During Gay Pride Week,” Mother, July 1971, 1, 5; “Gay Pride Week ’71,” Fag Rag, Fall 1971, 20.

Document 192: New York City Pride, 1972

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is , “Thousands Parade Under Sunny Skies in Damp New York,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 2. For related sources, see “Happy Anniversary, Gay Pride Week!” Mattachine Times, May 1972, 8; “N.Y. Parade Plan Draws Jersey Fire,” The Advocate, 7 June 1972, 5; “In-fighting, Boycotts Mar Pride Week Planning,” The Advocate, 21 June 1972, 1, 13, 22; Ralph Blumenthal, “March Is Staged by Homosexuals,” New York Times, 26 June 1972, 21; John Francis Hunter, “Let’s Celebrate: Gay Pride Week 1972,” GAY, 26 June 1972, 12, 13, 16; Greg Lee, “Auntie Sam Wants You,” Drummer, 29 June 1972, 4; Jill Johnston, “Hordes of Dykes and Faggots,” Village Voice, 29 June 1972, 29, 30, 38; Milton Lounsberry, “Remember the Stonewall? A Dark and Shuttered Shrine,” The Advocate, 5 July 1972, 2; “They Would Have Marched Anyway,” GAY, 24 July 1972, 1; “Remember the Stonewall,” GAY, 24 July 1972, 4-5; “Gay Pride Week Parade,” Mattachine Times, July 1972, 10; “Queens with Balls,” Drag (2.8), c. July 1972, 7-10; “Gay Pride,” Echo of Sappho, Aug. 1972, 14; Ron Bossamer, “The Big Parade,” Vector, Aug. 1972, 33, 34; “Gay Pride Week ’72,” Fag Rag, Jan. 1973, 15.

Documents 193 and 194: , 1972

The documents reprinted in The Stonewall Riots are Gerald Hansen, “San Francisco Hosts Gay Parade,” GAY, 24 July 1972, 1, 3, 14; Gay Sunshine Collective, “C.S.W. Fracas (Round 1),” Gay Sunshine, c. July 1972, 1.

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For related sources, see “San Francisco Parade Slated,” The Advocate, 12 Apr. 1972, 6; “S.F. Parade All Set,” The Advocate, 26 Apr. 1972, 17; “Christopher Street West Preparing Parade,” GAY, 15 May 1972, 14; “Christopher Street West Parade,” SIR Insider, May 1972, 12; “Chris West Creeps Up,” Berkeley Barb, 2 June 1972, 13; “ Meet Backs West Coast Parades,” The Advocate, 7 June 1972, 8; “Chris St. West Hassles,” Berkeley Barb, 9 June 1972, 12; “SIR Sees Revival Ahead,” Berkeley Barb, 16 June 1972, 9; “Freedom Parade: Looks Good,” Berkeley Barb, 16 June 1972, 10; “In-fighting, Boycotts Mar Pride Week Planning,” The Advocate, 21 June 1972, 1, 13, 22; “Freedom March Sunday,” Berkeley Barb, 23 June 1972, 2; Larry Liebert, “S.F.’s Lively Gay Parade,” San Francisco Chronicle, 26 June 1972, 3; James Finefrock, “A Parade by 1000 S.F. Gays,” San Francisco Examiner, 26 June 1972, 3; Nick Benton, “Humor and Humanity: Gays Shine Through,” Berkeley Barb, 30 June 1972, 5; Clark Fulmer, “Marchers, Floats Ready for Gay Parade,” Vector, June 1972, 41; Gay Sunshine Collective, “News Release – San Francisco,” Tide, July 1972, 9; “Christopher St. Rip-Off: S.F.,” Gay Sunshine, June 1972, 2; “S.F. Parade May Be the Most Spectacular,” The Advocate, 5 July 1972, 2; “Reverend Attacks Lesbians,” Los Angeles Free Press, 7 July 1972, 20; “Emmaus House Sues Chris West,” Berkeley Barb, 14 July 1972, 11; “San Francisco,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 3, 30; “C.S.W. Fracas (Round 2), Gay Sunshine, c. Aug. 1972, 2; Ron Bossamer, “The Big Parade,” Vector, Aug. 1972, 33, 34; Beth Elliott, “Brotherly Concern,” Lesbian Tide, Sep. 1972, 12.

Document 195: Chicago Pride, 1972

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is “Chicago Parade Draws Wide Support,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 19. For related sources, see “Gay Pride Week,” Gay Activist, May 1972, 7; “In-fighting, Boycotts Mar Pride Week Planning,” The Advocate, 21 June 1972, 1, 13, 22; “Gay Pride Week,” Chicago Gay Pride, June 1972, 3; “Get It Together,” Chicago Gay Pride, June 1972, 12; Sara Thompson, “Gay Pride Week Celebration,” Woman, July 1972, 9; Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, 4 Aug. 1972, 1, 12.

Document 196: Philadelphia Pride, 1972

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is Richard A. Frank, “Turnout Exceeds Expectations,” Gay Alternative, July 1972, 1, 2. For related sources, see Larry Fields, “Air Force Vet Risks Job to Proclaim He’s Gay,” Philadelphia Daily News, 11 May 1972, 5; “Strange Bedfellows,” Philadelphia Daily News, 25 May 1972, 25; Douglas Gile, “Homosexuals, Friends Plan Parade down Chestnut St.,” Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 6 June 1972, 58; Greg Lee, “The March for Gay Pride,” Drummer, 8 June 1972, 3-4; “‘Gay’ Liberation Parade Draws Crowd of 10,000,” Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 12 June 1972, 5; “‘Gay Pride’ Marchers Shed Symbolic Chains in Liberation Drive,” Philadelphia Inquirer, 12 June 1972, 31; Larry Fields, “1,000 Gays Proclaim Freedom in March,” Philadelphia Daily News, 12 June 1972, 3; “Homosexuals Hold March,” New York Times, 12 June 1972, 39; “A Group of Homosexuals,” Philadelphia Tribune, 13 June 1972, 2; Greg Lee, “The Day of the ,” Drummer, 15 June 1972, 4; Jim Quinn, “Marching with Gay Pride: Don

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Juan in Hell,” Drummer, 15 June 1972, 12; “In-fighting, Boycotts Mar Pride Week Planning,” The Advocate, 21 June 1972, 1, 13, 22; Letters to the editor, Drummer, 29 June 1972, 3, 5; “Words of the Week,” Jet, 29 June 1972, 32; “First Phila. Gay Pride March,” Gay Alternative, June 1972, 1; “2500 Gays March in Philly Parade,” The Advocate, 5 July 1972, 1, 7; Lige and Jack, “Philadelphia’s Gay Pride: The City of Brotherly Love,” GAY, 10 July 1972, 12; Brooke, “Women—Get It Together,” Lesbians Fight Back, July 1972, 3; B. Hill, “The Gay Pride March,” Lesbians Fight Back, Aug. 1972, 3.

For sources on Los Angeles’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “Christopher Street West: L.A. Gets It Together Again,” The Advocate, 26 Apr. 1972, 2, 9; “Christopher Street West Preparing Parade,” GAY, 15 May 1972, 14; “‘Image’ Fight Dims L.A. Parade Outlook,” The Advocate, 7 June 1972, 5; “San Diego Meet Backs West Coast Parades,” The Advocate, 7 June 1972, 8; “Schism Splits Parade Makers,” GAY, 12 June 1972, 1, 16; “Freedom Parade: Looks Good,” Berkeley Barb, 16 June 1972, 10; “In- fighting, Boycotts Mar Pride Week Planning,” The Advocate, 21 June 1972, 1, 13, 22; “L.A. Parade Permit Gets Quick Police Board Okay,” The Advocate, 21 June 1972, 24; “Gay Liberation Parade June 25,” Los Angeles Free Press, 23 June 1972, 12; “Smaller L.A. Parade Has Its Problems with ‘Jesus Freaks,’” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 5, 26; Jeanne Cordova, “Christopher Street,” Lesbian Tide, July 1972, 3-4, 12-14; Ron Bossamer, “The Big Parade,” Vector, Aug. 1972, 33, 34.

For sources on Dallas’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “Dallas to Have Own Liberation Day Parade,” The Advocate, 26 Apr. 1972, 2; “In-fighting, Boycotts Mar Pride Week Planning,” The Advocate, 21 June 1972, 1, 13, 22; “Proud Gays Prance through Dallas,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 15; “Dallas,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1972, 15; Ron Bossamer, “The Big Parade,” Vector, Aug. 1972, 33, 34; “By Women,” Sisters, Sep. 1972, 16-17; “Dallas Gay ,” Sisters, Sep. 1972, 18-21.

For sources on Washington, D.C.’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see Paul Hodge, “Open Displays of Affection Asked by Gay Liberation,” Washington Post, 6 May 1972, B2; “Homosexuals’ Rally,” Los Angeles Times, 6 May 1972, A18; Dave Aiken, “Gay Pride at the White House: Week-Long Celebration Staged in Nation’s Capital,” The Advocate, 7 June 1972, 1, 23; Perrin Shaffer, “D.C. Gay Pride Week Climaxes Near White House,” GAY, 12 June 1972, 1, 12.

For sources on ’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “In-fighting, Boycotts Mar Pride Week Planning,” The Advocate, 21 June 1972, 1, 13, 22; “‘Fruitcart’ Promotes Cause in Detroit Pride March,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 33; “Detroit,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1972, 15.

For sources on Columbus’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “Mattachine’s New President in Ohio March,” Mattachine Times, June 1972, 14.

For sources on ’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “Gay Pride in Miami,” The Advocate, 5 July 1972, 3.

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For sources on Ann Arbor’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “Ann Arbor City Council Declares Gay Pride Week,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 1, 30.

For sources on ’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “A First for Famed Peachtree St.,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 12.

For sources on Boston’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “Boston’s Week Includes March to Jail, Capitol,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 14; “Boston,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1972, 15; “Gay Pride Week ’72,” Fag Rag, Jan. 1973, 15.

For sources on New Jersey’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see “200 Brave Heavy Rains to Parade in New Jersey,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 26; “New Jersey,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1972, 15.

For sources on Buffalo’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1972, see Leo Skir, “Togetherness: Gay Pride Week in Buffalo,” The Advocate, 19 July 1972, 33.

Document 197: San Francisco Gay Pride, 1973

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is Gerald Hansen, “Color, Joy in San Francisco,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 3, 24. For related sources, see “San Francisco Parade: Yes, But Who’s on First?” The Advocate, 14 Mar. 1973, 9, 16; “’72 S.F. Parade Organizers Trade Fund Misuse Charges,” The Advocate, 11 Apr. 1973, 13; “Broshears to Solicit for Parade,” The Advocate, 25 Apr. 1973, 19; “Endorsements, Resignations for S.F. Parade Board,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 17; “Separate Celebrations Set: 2 Kinds of Gay Pride in S.F.?” The Advocate, 23 May 1973, 4; “S.F. Parade Plans, Rivalry Both Grow,” The Advocate, 6 June 1973, 19; “Broshears’ Fete to Span Plaza,” The Advocate, 6 June 1973, 19; Thea Thunderthighs, “Bay Area to Bloom for Gay Pride Week,” Berkeley Barb, 8 June 1973, 11; “S.F. Pride Week Fair Permit Denied,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 7; “A Sunny Gay Parade in the City,” San Francisco Chronicle, 25 June 1973, 3; Richard Boxer, “Parade Points Way,” Berkeley Barb, 29 June 1973, 3; “Optimism High for S.F. Fetes,” The Advocate, 4 July 1973, 16.

Documents 198 and 200: New York City Gay Pride, 1973

The documents reprinted in The Stonewall Riots are Randy Wicker, “Gays Pour Through New York,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 3, 5; Dan Sherbo, “The Alternative Rap,” Gay Alternative, c. Aug. 1973 (no. 5), 3. For related sources, see “Wider Support Appears for N.Y. Pride Celebration,” The Advocate, 23 May 1973, 3; , “New York Notes,” The Advocate, 23 May 1973, 26; “N.Y. Parade Planners Believe 20,000 May Turn Out June 24,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 3; , “Gay Pride Affirms Will to Resist,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 37; John Darnton, “Homosexuals March Down 7th Avenue,” New York Times, 25 June 1973, 21; “Thousands in Gay Lib Celebration,” New York Post, 25 June 1973; Arthur

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Bell, “Hostility Comes Out of the Closet,” Village Voice, 28 June 1973, 1, 16, 18; ; “History of Gay Pride Week,” Chicago Gay Crusader, June 1973, 2; “NYC Area Celebrates Many Ways,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 19; “Behind the Lines on Gay Pride Sunday,” GAY, Aug. 1973, 3; “Gay Day 73!” GAY, Aug. 1973, 12-13; “NYC Gay Pride,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 4; Bettye Lane, “Gay Parade,” Gay Activist, Aug. 1973, 1; , “The Decline and Fall of an Idealist or Why Ain’t I Marching Anymore,” Lesbian Tide, Aug. 1973, 10; “Drags & TV’s Join the March,” Drag (3.11), c. Aug. 1973, 4-11, 44; Bob McCarroll, letter to the editor, Drag (3.11), c. Aug. 1973, 40.

Document 199: Chicago Gay Pride, 1973

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is Don Dunfee, “3000 Brave Heat for ,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 6, 19. For related sources, see “Major Pride Celebration for Chicago,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 27; “Announcing Gay ,” Chicago Gay Crusader, June 1973, 1; “History of Gay Pride Week,” Chicago Gay Crusader, June 1973, 2; “Gay Glory 1973,” Chicago Gay Crusader, July 1973, 1, 4, 10, 14; “In Chicago Gay Pride 1973,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, July 1973, 4-5; “Chicago Gay Pride March,” Gay Scene, Aug. 1973, 5; Sara Thompson, “Politics of Drag,” , Aug. 1973, 13.

Document 200: New Orleans Fire

The document reprinted in The Stonewall Riots is Dan Sherbo, “The Alternative Rap,” Gay Alternative, c. Aug. 1973 (no. 5), 3. For related sources, see Richard Boxer, “Blood Drive for Gays Hurt in New Orleans,” Berkeley Barb, 20 July 1973, 12; Editorial, SIR Insider, July 1973, 1; “New Orleans Bar Burns,” Mattachine Midwest Newsletter, July 1973, 24, 27, 30; George Schwandt, “Holocaust in New Orleans,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 2, 9; Martin St. John, “‘A Part of Our Souls Was Ignited,’” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 1, 16, 17; Bill Rushton, “New Orleans Toll 32; Arson Evidence Cited,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 1, 2, 6; “Fund Tops $1400 in 9 Days,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 2; “Bar’s Funky Décor, Clutter Created Instant Firestorm,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 6; Bill Rushton, “Society Real Culprit in New Orleans Tragedy,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 7; “Fires Call Attention to S.F. Bar Hazards,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 15; “Fire Victims: More Than Just Names,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 17; Bill Rushton, “New Orleans Officials Still Silent on Fire,” The Advocate, 15 Aug. 1973, 1, 22; “National Outpouring: Aid Mounts for New Orleans,” The Advocate, 15 Aug. 1973, 1, 22; Barbara McLean, “Death Claims 29,” Lesbian Tide, Aug. 1973, 9; “30 Dead in Bar Fire,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 5; Peter Dvarackas, “On the Record,” GAY, Sep. 1973, 2; Peter Dvarackas, “Eyewitness Morty Manford in New Orleans! Can An Arsonist’s Flame Light the Candle of Gay Unit,” GAY, Sep. 1973, 7, 20; Brother B., letter to the editor, GAY, Sep. 1973, 14; Peter Dvarackas, “On the Record,” GAY, Sep. 1973, 2; “Fire!” Gay Liberator, Sep. 1973, 3; Bill Rushton, “New Orleans Fire Probe Stalled; Agencies at Odds,” The Advocate, 10 Oct. 1973, 6; “One Still Hospitalized: Outlook Brightens for Fire Victims,” The Advocate, 10 Oct. 1973, 6, 19; “News Briefs,” Gay Activist, Oct. 1973, 2; “Upnorth Fire Benefit Raises $3,000,” GPU News, Oct. 1973, 21; “Set Orleans Fire, Man Tells Police,” The Advocate,

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21 Nov. 1973, 1; “Orleans Fire Confessor ‘Didn’t Do It,’” The Advocate, 5 Dec. 1973, 1; ONE Letter (18.5), 1973, 1-6; ONE Letter (18.6), 1973, 1-4.

For sources on Dallas’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Dallas Law Won’t Stop Gays,” The Advocate, 14 Feb. 1973, 17; “Okies to Join Dallas Parade on June 30,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 17; Rob Shivers, “Not So Big D,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 3.

For sources on Cincinnati’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Cincinnati Group Celebrates Pride Week with Parade,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 12.

For sources on Atlanta’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Georgians Plan Pride Week,” The Advocate, 9 May 1973, 13; Richard Fortune, “ Week Enthusiastic, Eventful,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 4.

For sources on Boston’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see Paul Kneeland, “300 Begin Gay Pride Week with Parade,” Boston Globe, 17 June 1973, 10; Donald Stanley Meuse, “Working Together for Liberation,” Boston Gayline, Aug. 1973, 5.

For sources on Berkeley’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see Thea Thunderthighs, “Bay Area to Bloom for Gay Pride Week,” Berkeley Barb, 8 June 1973, 11; “Gay-In Marks Pride Week in Berkeley,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 8; Paul Stavanger, “Ho Chi Minh Park Glows on Gay Day,” Berkeley Barb, 22 June 1973, 8; “A Gay Old Time at Ho Chi Minh Park,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 24.

For sources on Miami’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Christopher Street South Planned in Miami Beach,” The Advocate, 20 June 1973, 17; “Miami Parade Gets Rained Out,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 4.

For sources on Philadelphia’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Philly Parade Turnout Drops,” The Advocate, 4 July 1973, 3; “Celebration of Gay Life,” Gay Alternative (no. 4), c. July 1973, 36; Mathew Grande, “Philadelphia Gay Pride 1973,” Gay Alternative, c. Aug. 1973 (no. 5), 4-5, 31.

For sources on Los Angeles’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see Martin Saint John, “No Gay Parade in Los Angeles This Year – Why?” The Advocate, 4 July 1973, 4, 21.

For sources on Pittsburgh’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Pittsburgh Paraders Fling Rusty Closet Doors Open,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 4.

For sources on Portland’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Portland Pickets Mark Pride Week,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 6.

For sources on ’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Seattle Gay Pride Week,” Fountain, June 1973, 8; “ Activates Late,” The Advocate, 18 July 1973, 6.

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For sources on Minneapolis’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Minneapolis Rally Hears School Chief,” The Advocate, 1 Aug. 1973, 3.

For sources on Detroit’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see “Michigan Gay Pride Week,” Gay Liberator, June 1973, 13; Don Gaudard, “Michigan Gay Pride Week,” Gay Liberator, Aug. 1973, 11.

For sources on Houston’s commemoration of Stonewall in 1973, see , “Deep in the Dark of Texas,” Village Voice, 30 Aug. 1973, 5-6.

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