Quick Clinical Reference Chart for Visual Inspection of the Oral Cavity

to Detect Precancerous Lesions and Invasive Cancers World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Cancer Centre (RCC), Trivandrum, India International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)

Homogeneous leukoplakia located Homogeneous leukoplakia with Homogeneous leukoplakia right Non-homogeneous leukoplakia Non-homogeneous leukoplakia Non-homogeneous leukoplakia on the right margin of the central fissuring in the left buccal mucosa: note the diffuse (ulcerative leukoplakia) right (erythroleukoplakia) in the right (nodular leukoplakia) right margin anterior tongue: note the well- buccal mucosa white patch with the finger- commissure: note the white lesion buccal mucosa with reddish and white of the tongue: note the white defined white plaque that cannot print like pattern with ulceration lesions nodules (thin arrows) on an be removed erythematous base (thick arrow)

Non-homogeneous leukoplakia Non-homogeneous leukoplakia Erythroplakia right buccal mucosa: Oral submucous fibrosis: note the Oral submucous fibrosis: note the Oral submucous fibrosis (verrucous leukoplakia): note the (verrucous leukoplakia) hard note the red, velvety oval lesion blanching in the lower labial mucosa multiple pin point petechiae and involving the entire anterior raised, thick and white patches on palate: a diffuse white patch can generalised depapillation of the tongue with leukoplakia (thick the right side of the dorsum tongue be seen involving the left and tongue arrows) middle portions of the hard palate with warty projections

Lichen planus in the right buccal Invasive cancer in the left Malignant transformation in a Exophytic proliferative growth in Advanced, ulceroproliferative Malignant melanoma left mucosa: note the annular rings (thin commissure with raised horny homogeneous leukoplakia as the left lateral margin of the invasive oral cancer in the right buccal mucosa: note the arrow) with raised white Wickham’s projections indicated by hard, indurated tongue: note the co-existing lateral margin of the tongue: note hyperpigmented patch with striae (thick arrow) nodules (arrows) depapillation of the tongue the co-existing submucous fibrosis nodular areas