Tethyan Oceans
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Sülfür Throughout Geological Time in Balkan Peninsula**
Mineral Res. Expl. Bul.. 123-124. 1-12, 2002 SÜLFÜR THROUGHOUT GEOLOGİCAL TIME IN BALKAN PENINSULA** Radule POPOVİC* ABSTRACT.- During investigations for a long time it has been remarked that the oldest metallogenic epochs in Balkan Peninsula include a limited number of, occurrences with sülfür as one of the chief chemical elements. Thus it could be said that in these epochs the deposits with sulphur compounds either have not been formed or in some cases there were only rare showings. So, for instance with the Grenvilian epoch, according to date know- ledge, only one occurrence in Pelagonids (Nezilovo) could be associated. In the Baikalian metallogenic epoch, characterized by formation of greenschists in western Macedonian only traces of sulfide mineralizations, then one deposit of lead, zinc and copper sulfides, as well as one pyrite impregnation in the larger Popcevo - Dojran area (eastern Macedonia), exhibiting sülfür content less than 0,11% are present. In contrast to Pelagonian-Rhodopean massif, in the Green complex (Vlasina) of eastern Serbia numerous deposits and occurrences of pyrite and lead, zinc and copper sulfides are present, indicating a more remarkable sülfür yield in this district during Baikalian metallogenic epoch. Thanks to this fact it could be estimated this epoch to be much more enriched in sülfür in Balkan Peninsula, compared with the Grenvilian epoch. In the next epochs (Caledonian and Hercynian) the sülfür yield had become more and more intensive. This is especially related to the phytlitic volcanogenic-sedimentary origin formation of western Macedonian. in which fifteen deposits and occurrences of lead. zinc, copper and molybdenum sulfides have been registered, indicating numerous richer and poorer, certainly irregular pyrite impregnations. -
And Ordovician (Sardic) Felsic Magmatic Events in South-Western Europe: Underplating of Hot Mafic Magmas Linked to the Opening of the Rheic Ocean
Solid Earth, 11, 2377–2409, 2020 https://doi.org/10.5194/se-11-2377-2020 © Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Comparative geochemical study on Furongian–earliest Ordovician (Toledanian) and Ordovician (Sardic) felsic magmatic events in south-western Europe: underplating of hot mafic magmas linked to the opening of the Rheic Ocean J. Javier Álvaro1, Teresa Sánchez-García2, Claudia Puddu3, Josep Maria Casas4, Alejandro Díez-Montes5, Montserrat Liesa6, and Giacomo Oggiano7 1Instituto de Geociencias (CSIC-UCM), Dr. Severo Ochoa 7, 28040 Madrid, Spain 2Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Ríos Rosas 23, 28003 Madrid, Spain 3Dpt. Ciencias de la Tierra, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain 4Dpt. de Dinàmica de la Terra i de l’Oceà, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain 5Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, Plaza de la Constitución 1, 37001 Salamanca, Spain 6Dpt. de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia aplicada, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain 7Dipartimento di Scienze della Natura e del Territorio, 07100 Sassari, Italy Correspondence: J. Javier Álvaro ([email protected]) Received: 1 April 2020 – Discussion started: 20 April 2020 Revised: 14 October 2020 – Accepted: 19 October 2020 – Published: 11 December 2020 Abstract. A geochemical comparison of early Palaeo- neither metamorphism nor penetrative deformation; on the zoic felsic magmatic episodes throughout the south- contrary, their unconformities are associated with foliation- western European margin of Gondwana is made and in- free open folds subsequently affected by the Variscan defor- cludes (i) Furongian–Early Ordovician (Toledanian) activ- mation. -
The North-Subducting Rheic Ocean During the Devonian: Consequences for the Rhenohercynian Ore Sites
Published in "International Journal of Earth Sciences 106(7): 2279–2296, 2017" which should be cited to refer to this work. The north-subducting Rheic Ocean during the Devonian: consequences for the Rhenohercynian ore sites Jürgen F. von Raumer1 · Heinz-Dieter Nesbor2 · Gérard M. Stampfli3 Abstract Base metal mining in the Rhenohercynian Zone activated Early Devonian growth faults. Hydrothermal brines has a long history. Middle-Upper Devonian to Lower Car- equilibrated with the basement and overlying Middle-Upper boniferous sediment-hosted massive sulfide deposits Devonian detrital deposits forming the SHMS deposits in the (SHMS), volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits (VHMS) southern part of the Pyrite Belt, in the Rhenish Massif and and Lahn-Dill-type iron, and base metal ores occur at sev- in the Harz areas. Volcanic-hosted massive sulfide deposits eral sites in the Rhenohercynian Zone that stretches from the (VHMS) formed in the more eastern localities of the Rheno- South Portuguese Zone, through the Lizard area, the Rhen- hercynian domain. In contrast, since the Tournaisian period ish Massif and the Harz Mountain to the Moravo-Silesian of ore formation, dominant pull-apart triggered magmatic Zone of SW Bohemia. During Devonian to Early Carbonif- emplacement of acidic rocks, and their metasomatic replace- erous times, the Rhenohercynian Zone is seen as an evolv- ment in the apical zones of felsic domes and sediments in ing rift system developed on subsiding shelf areas of the the northern part of the Iberian Pyrite belt, thus changing the Old Red continent. A reappraisal of the geotectonic setting general conditions of ore precipitation. -
The Pelagos Sanctuary for Mediterranean Marine Mammals
Network of Conservation Educators & Practitioners The Pelagos Sanctuary for Mediterranean Marine Mammals Author(s): Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara, David Hyrenbach, and Tundi Agardy Source: Lessons in Conservation, Vol. 2, pp. 91-109 Published by: Network of Conservation Educators and Practitioners, Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, American Museum of Natural History Stable URL: ncep.amnh.org/linc/ This article is featured in Lessons in Conservation, the official journal of the Network of Conservation Educators and Practitioners (NCEP). NCEP is a collaborative project of the American Museum of Natural History’s Center for Biodiversity and Conservation (CBC) and a number of institutions and individuals around the world. Lessons in Conservation is designed to introduce NCEP teaching and learning resources (or “modules”) to a broad audience. NCEP modules are designed for undergraduate and professional level education. These modules—and many more on a variety of conservation topics—are available for free download at our website, ncep.amnh.org. To learn more about NCEP, visit our website: ncep.amnh.org. All reproduction or distribution must provide full citation of the original work and provide a copyright notice as follows: “Copyright 2008, by the authors of the material and the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation of the American Museum of Natural History. All rights reserved.” Illustrations obtained from the American Museum of Natural History’s library: images.library.amnh.org/digital/ CASE STUDIES 91 The Pelagos Sanctuary for Mediterranean Marine Mammals Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara,* David Hyrenbach, † and Tundi Agardy ‡ *Tethys Research Institute; Milano, Italy, email [email protected] † Duke University; Durham, NC, U.S.A., email [email protected] ‡ Sound Seas; Bethesda, MD, U.S.A., email [email protected] Source: R. -
Minerals-09-00767-V2.Pdf
minerals Article Geochemical Features and Geological Processes Timescale of the Achaean TTG Complexes of the Ingozero Massif and the Pechenga Frame (NE Baltic Shield) Elena Nitkina * , Nikolay Kozlov, Natalia Kozlova and Tatiana Kaulina Geological Institute, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersman Str. 14, 184209 Apatity, Russia; [email protected] (N.K.); [email protected] (N.K.); [email protected] (T.K.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +79-0213-745-78 Received: 1 November 2019; Accepted: 6 December 2019; Published: 10 December 2019 Abstract: This article provides a geological review and results of the structural, metamorphic, and geochronological studies of the Pechenga frame outcrops located in the NW part of the Central-Kola terrain and the Ingozero massif outcrops situated in the northeastern part of the Belomorian mobile belt of the Kola Region (NW Baltic Shield). As a result of the work, the deformation scales and ages of the geological processes at the Neo-Archaean–Paleoproterozoic stage of the area’s development were compiled, and the reference rocks were dated. The petrochemical and geochemical characteristics of the Ingozero rocks are similar to those of tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite (TTG) complexes established on other Archaean shields. The isotope U–Pb dating of individual zircon grains from the biotite gneisses provided the oldest age for magmatic protolith of the Ingozero gneisses, which is 3149 46 Ma. Sm–Nd model ages showed that the gneisses protolite initial melt formed at 3.1–2.8 Ga. ± Ages of metamorphic processes were determined by using isotope U–Pb dating ID TIMS (isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry): Biotite gneisses—2697 9 Ma; amphibole–biotite ± gneisses—2725 2 Ma and 2667 7 Ma; and biotite–amphibole gneisses 2727 5 Ma. -
Mesozoic Central Atlantic and Ligurian Tethys1
42. RIFTING AND EARLY DRIFTING: MESOZOIC CENTRAL ATLANTIC AND LIGURIAN TETHYS1 Marcel Lemoine, Institut Dolomieu, 38031 Grenoble Cedex, France ABSTRACT The Leg 76 discovery of Callovian sediments lying above the oldest Atlantic oceanic crust allows us to more closely compare the Central Atlantic with the Mesozoic Ligurian Tethys. As a matter of fact, during the Late Jurassic and Ear- ly Cretaceous, both the young Central Atlantic Ocean and the Ligurian Tethys were segments of the Mesozoic Tethys Ocean lying between Laurasia and Gondwana and linked by the Gibraltar-Maghreb-Sicilia transform zone. If we as- sume that the Apulian-Adriatic continental bloc (or Adria) was then a northern promontory of Africa, then the predrift and early drift evolutions of both these oceanic segments must have been roughly the same: their kinematic evolution was governed by the east-west left-lateral motion of Gondwana (including Africa and Adria) relative to Laurasia (in- cluding North America, Iberia, and Europe), at least before the middle Cretaceous (=100 Ma). By the middle Cretaceous, opening of the North Atlantic Ocean led to a drastic change of the relative motions between Africa-Adria and Europe-Iberia. From this time on, closure of the Ligurian segment of the Tethys began, whereas the Central Atlan- tic went on spreading. In fact, field data from the Alps, Corsica, and the Apennines show evidence of a Triassic-Jurassic-Early Cretaceous paleotectonic evolution rather comparable with that of the Central Atlantic. Rifting may have been started during the Triassic (at least the late Triassic) but reached its climax in the Liassic. -
List of Case Studies for the Ecological Objective 1 (Biodiversity)
List of Case Studies for the Ecological Objective 1 (Biodiversity) EO1 Title Contracting Authors and Affiliation Parties, Partners 1 Bottlenose dolphins of the Gulf of Greece and Joan Gonzalvo; Director Ionian Dolphin Project, Tethys Research Ambracia, Western Greece. SPA/RAC Institute, Italy. 2 Cuvier’s Beaked whale, Ziphius Italy Massimiliano Rosso, CIMA Research Foundation, Via Magliotto 2 - cavirostris, distribution and occurrence 17100 Savona, Italy. in the Italian waters of the Pelagos Paola Tepsich, CIMA Research Foundation, Via Magliotto 2 - 17100 Sanctuary (NW Mediterranean sea). Savona, Italy. Aurelie Moulins (PhD), CIMA Research Foundation, Via Magliotto 2 - 17100 Savona, Italy. 3 Overview of the assessment of the Montenegro Jelena Knezević, MAP Focal Point, Ministry of Sustanible Common Indicator 1: Habitat Development and Tourism. distributional range (EO1), based on Milena Bataković, SPA/RAC FP, Environmental Protection Agency of CAMP assessments results for Montenegro. Montenegro and EcAp/MSP Boka Ivana Stojanović, assistant to MAP FP, Ministry of Sustainable Kotorska Bay pilot project Development and Tourism. 4 Loggerhead sea turtle Caretta caretta in Tunisia and Imed Jribi, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax. the Kuriat islands, Tunisia SPA/RAC Mohamed Nejmeddine BRADAI, Institut National des Sciences et Technologie de la Mer (INSTM) – (National Institute of Marine Sciences and Technologies), Tunisia. Common Indicator 4: Population abundance of selected species (EO1, related to marine mammals, seabirds, marine reptiles) Case study title: Bottlenose dolphins of the Gulf of Ambracia, Western Greece Author: Joan Gonzalvo; Director Ionian Dolphin Project, Tethys Research Institute, Italy. 1. Brief introduction The coastal waters of Greece still harbour a remarkable diversity of cetacean fauna compared to other parts of the Mediterranean. -
Structural and Tectonic Evolution of the Acatlán Complex, Southern Mexico
TECTONICS, VOL. 28, TC4008, doi:10.1029/2007TC002159, 2009 Click Here for Full Article Structural and tectonic evolution of the Acatla´n Complex, southern Mexico: Its role in the collisional history of Laurentia and Gondwana Ricardo Vega-Granillo,1 Thierry Calmus,2 Diana Meza-Figueroa,1 Joaquı´n Ruiz,3 Oscar Talavera-Mendoza,4 and Margarita Lo´pez-Martı´nez5 Received 24 May 2007; revised 22 January 2009; accepted 10 March 2009; published 25 July 2009. [1] Correlation of deformational phases and thermal opening. Citation: Vega-Granillo, R., T. Calmus, D. Meza- events in the Acatla´n Complex permits definition of Figueroa, J. Ruiz, O. Talavera-Mendoza, and M. Lo´pez-Martı´nez nine major tectonic events. Seven events are related to (2009), Structural and tectonic evolution of the Acatla´n Complex, the evolution of the Iapetus and Rheic oceans. By the southern Mexico: Its role in the collisional history of Laurentia Early Ordovician, the Xayacatla´n suite of Laurentian and Gondwana, Tectonics, 28, TC4008, doi:10.1029/ affinity was metamorphosed to eclogite facies and 2007TC002159. exhumed before colliding with the El Rodeo suite. From the Late Ordovician to Silurian, the Upper 1. Introduction Ordovician Ixcamilpa suite with peri-Gondwanan affinity was metamorphosed to blueschist facies, [2] The Acatla´n Complex basement of the Mixteco exhumed, and subsequently was overthrust by the terrane contains the largest exposure of eclogites, high-P Xayacatla´n–El Rodeo block. Part of the Esperanza garnet amphibolites, blueschists and eclogitized granitoids of Paleozoic age in Mexico. In a strict sense, the Mixteco suite is an Early Silurian intra-Iapetian continental arc terrane must be considered a superterrane composed of that collided with and subducted beneath continental thrust sheets containing Mesoproterozoic to Paleozoic pet- crust, generating a Silurian eclogitic event. -
Balkatach Hypothesis: a New Model for the Evolution of the Pacific, Tethyan, and Paleo-Asian Oceanic Domains
Research Paper GEOSPHERE Balkatach hypothesis: A new model for the evolution of the Pacific, Tethyan, and Paleo-Asian oceanic domains 1,2 2 GEOSPHERE, v. 13, no. 5 Andrew V. Zuza and An Yin 1Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA 2Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1567, USA doi:10.1130/GES01463.1 18 figures; 2 tables; 1 supplemental file ABSTRACT suturing. (5) The closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean in the early Permian was accompanied by a widespread magmatic flare up, which may have been CORRESPONDENCE: avz5818@gmail .com; The Phanerozoic history of the Paleo-Asian, Tethyan, and Pacific oceanic related to the avalanche of the subducted oceanic slabs of the Paleo-Asian azuza@unr .edu domains is important for unraveling the tectonic evolution of the Eurasian Ocean across the 660 km phase boundary in the mantle. (6) The closure of the and Laurentian continents. The validity of existing models that account for Paleo-Tethys against the southern margin of Balkatach proceeded diachro- CITATION: Zuza, A.V., and Yin, A., 2017, Balkatach hypothesis: A new model for the evolution of the the development and closure of the Paleo-Asian and Tethyan Oceans criti- nously, from west to east, in the Triassic–Jurassic. Pacific, Tethyan, and Paleo-Asian oceanic domains: cally depends on the assumed initial configuration and relative positions of Geosphere, v. 13, no. 5, p. 1664–1712, doi:10.1130 the Precambrian cratons that separate the two oceanic domains, including /GES01463.1. the North China, Tarim, Karakum, Turan, and southern Baltica cratons. -
Annual Report 2008
godišnje izvješće annual report 2008 Sachsova 2, HR-10000 Zagreb Hrvatska (Croatia) Tel.: (+385 1) 6160-749 Fax.: (+385 1) 6144-718 www.hgi-cgs.hr ISBN 978-953-6907-19-9 ISSN 1846-629X Avanić Radovan +385 1 6160 708 [email protected] Zavod za geologiju Badnjević Edin +385 1 6160 754 Stručne službe Bakrač Koraljka +385 1 6160 706 [email protected] Zavod za geologiju Banović Jarmila +385 1 6160 744 [email protected] Zavod za mineralne sirovine NAKLADNIK – PUBLISHER: Hrvatski geološki institut – Croatian Geological Survey Bastalić Nada +385 1 6160 712 [email protected] Zavod za hidrogeologiju i inženjersku geologiju Belak Mirko +385 1 6160 722 [email protected] Zavod za geologiju Sachsova 2, HR-10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska (Croatia) Bergant Stanislav +385 1 6160 732 [email protected] Zavod za geologiju Brkić Željka +385 1 6160 700 [email protected] Zavod za hidrogeologiju i inženjersku geologiju Buljan Renato +385 1 6160 806 [email protected] Zavod za hidrogeologiju i inženjersku geologiju Colussi Kristijan +385 1 6160 754 Stručne službe ZA NAKLADNIKA – FOR THE PUBLISHER: Crnogaj Stjepan +385 1 6160 751 [email protected] Zavod za mineralne sirovine Ravnatelj (Director) Josip HALAMIĆ Dedić Željko +385 1 6160 746 [email protected] Zavod za mineralne sirovine Devčić Zorka +385 1 6160 742 Stručne službe Dmitrović Aco +385 1 6160 800 [email protected] Stručne službe Dolić Stjepan +385 1 6160 704 [email protected] Zavod za hidrogeologiju i inženjersku geologiju -
The Mio-Eugeosynclinal Thrust Interface and Related Petroleum Implications in the Sason-Baykan Area, Southeast Turkey
Scholars' Mine Doctoral Dissertations Student Theses and Dissertations 1972 The mio-eugeosynclinal thrust interface and related petroleum implications in the Sason-Baykan Area, Southeast Turkey Ismail Özkaya Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations Part of the Geology Commons Department: Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Recommended Citation Özkaya, Ismail, "The mio-eugeosynclinal thrust interface and related petroleum implications in the Sason- Baykan Area, Southeast Turkey" (1972). Doctoral Dissertations. 198. https://scholarsmine.mst.edu/doctoral_dissertations/198 This thesis is brought to you by Scholars' Mine, a service of the Missouri S&T Library and Learning Resources. This work is protected by U. S. Copyright Law. Unauthorized use including reproduction for redistribution requires the permission of the copyright holder. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE MIO- EUGEOSYNCLINAL THRUST INTERFACE AND RELATED PETROLEUM IMPLICATIONS IN THE SASON-BAYKAN AREA, SOUTHEAST TURKEY by ISMAIL OZKAYA, 194 A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI-ROLLA In Partial Fulfi I lment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY in GEOLOGY 1972 p ·' ~&IA-~f ~ i i ABSTRACT A detailed investigation of the stratigraphy, structure and petroleum geology of the Sason-Baykan region in 600 square km area of the thrust belt of southeast Turkey was completed at a scale 1: 25 000. Geosynclinal sediments within the area were redated. Results of field study indicate a massive plate of metamorphic rocks and crystal I ine limestones was thrust southward over geosynclinal sediments. These in turn were thrust over the southern marginal basin deposits. -
1 Response to Review #1 by D. J. J. Van Hinsbergen We Thank Douwe
Response to Review #1 by D. J. J. van Hinsbergen We thank Douwe J.J. van Hinsbergen for his review, which highlights the active debate on this topic, especially for the motion of Iberia. Their reconstruction published in 2020 is an amazing compilation of geological and kinematical data for the entire Mediterranean realm. It is not our aim to propose such a reconstruction again. Our aim is to study the detailed kinematics of opening of the Piemont-Liguria Ocean and to quantify precisely the former extent of the PL Ocean and its rifted margins between Europe and Northern Adria. We however disagree with their model for the motion of Iberia and Sardinia as it implies more than 500 km of convergence between Iberia and Sardinia. Instead, we present here an alternative scenario and show that this scenario is in good agreement with records of rifting and subduction in the Alps and that it is thermo-mechanically viable. We do believe that our work provides new quantitative estimates and alternative view that are useful for the scientific debate to better understand the geodynamic evolution of this area. I find it difficult, however, to see why this paper would be better than previous attempts to restore the Mediterranean region for the following reasons. 1. The authors provide no reason in their introduction why they found it necessary to make a new reconstruction and how their reconstruction systematically differs from previous attempts, or why they expect fundamentally different conclusions for the evolution of the Alpine Tethys with their approach. Our model brings new quantitative estimates on the kinematic of opening of the PL Ocean, its former spatial extent including the width of the hyper-extended margins, which is new and crucial to understand the geological and geodynamic processes of subduction and exhumation in the Alps, as well as for rifting processes along magma-poor rifted margins.