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River Raisin Assessment 165 Figure 1 River Raisin Assessment Saline N Saline Manchester River Brooklyn Iron Creek N. Br. W E Macon Creek Milan Clinton Evans S Creek M. Br. Macon Creek S. Br. Tecumseh Macon Creek Wolf Creek Dundee e i r E Monroe e Adrian k a L S. Br. River Raisin Blissfield Black Creek Bear Creek Figure 1.–The River Raisin watershed in southeastern Michigan showing major tributaries and towns. 165 River Raisin Assessment a Headwaters to Tecumseh b Tecumseh to Dundee c Dundee to Lake Erie USGS flow gauge location a Saline N Saline Manchester River Brooklyn Iron Creek N. Br. W E Macon Creek Milan Clinton Evans S Creek M. Br. c Macon Creek S. Br. Tecumseh Macon Creek Wolf Creek Dundee e i r E Monroe e Adrian k a L S. Br. River Raisin b Blissfield Black Creek Bear Creek Figure 2.–Location of United States Geological Survey flow gauge stations and mainstem river segments in River Raisin watershed. 166 River Raisin Assessment Figure 3.–Surficial geology map of the River Raisin watershed. Data from: Roth 1994. 167 River Raisin Assessment 2 Saline N Saline River Manchester 3 1 Brooklyn Iron Creek N. Br. W E Macon Creek Milan 4 Clinton a Evans S Creek M. Br. Macon Creek g b S. Br. f Tecumseh 5 10 Macon Creek Wolf Creek Dundee 9 11 12 e c i 6 r E Monroe e Adrian k a L S. Br. 8 River Raisin 7 e Blissfield Black Creek d Bear Creek Figure 4.–ERDAS database locations for sites in the River Raisin watershed (See Tables 2, 3, and 4). Data from: P. Seelbach, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division, personal communication. Circles indicate mainstem sites and squares indicate tributary sites. 168 River Raisin Assessment 800 600 /second) 3 400 Discharge (ft 200 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Figure 5.–Mean monthly discharge (cfs) for River Raisin mainstem east of Adrian for the period of record 1954-94. Data from: United States Geological Survey gauge records. 169 River Raisin Assessment River Raisin near Monroe 1938-80 River Raisin near Adrian 1953-78 River Raisin near Tecumseh 1956-80 Saline River near Saline 1965-77 River Raisin near Manchester 1970-80 10,000 5,000 2,000 1,000 500 200 eet per second 100 50 20 Discharge in cubic f 10 5 2 .01 .1 .5 1 5 10 20 50 70 90 95 98 99.5 99.99 Percentage of time discharge was equaled or exceeded Figure 6.–Flow duration curves for United States Geological Survey gauging stations on River Raisin mainstem and Saline River. See Figure 4 for precise gauge locations. Data from: Fulcher et al. 1986. 170 River Raisin Assessment 8.0 Monroe Adrian 7.0 Tecumseh Manchester 6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 Standardized discharge (Q/50%Q) 2.0 1.0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 Percent exceedence Figure 7.–Standardized high flow exceedence curves for four United States Geological Survey gauge stations on the River Raisin. Data from: United States Geological Survey gauge data for period of record. Standardized discharge is the discharge(Q)/median(50%Q) discharge. 171 River Raisin Assessment 1.0 Monroe Adrian 0.8 Tecumseh Manchester 0.6 0.4 Standardized discharge (Q/50%Q) 0.2 0.0 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 Percent exceedence Figure 8.–Standardized low flow exceedence curves for four United States Geological Survey gauge stations on the River Raisin. Data from: United States Geological Survey gauge data for period of record. Standardized discharge is the discharge(Q)/median(50%Q) discharge. 172 River Raisin Assessment 40 d 30 20 10 Ratio of high to low monthly flow yiel 0 Jordan R. Kalamazoonear E. JordanHuron R. near R. nearMarengoRiver Hamburg RaisinRiver near Raisin TecumsehRiver near Raisin ManchesterRiver near Raisin AdrianS. nearBr. R. Monroe RaisinOtter CreeknearN. Adrian near Br. Kawkawlin LaSalle near Kawkawlin Stream and location Figure 9.–Ratio of high to low monthly flow yields for sites on selected Michigan streams. Data from: United States Geological Survey gauge records. 173 River Raisin Assessment Figure 10.–Annual hydrograph, sedigraph, and nutrient chemograph ttfor the River Rasin at Ida-Maybee Road. Data from: Baker 1988. Baker 174 River Raisin Assessment 40 ) 30 20 10 Gradient (feet per mile 0 l ie n r n s rloo te Grape Clinto Norvel Wa Brookly Lake Er Tecumseh ManchesteSharon Mills Headwater 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 River mile Figure 11a.–Gradient (elevation change in feet per mile) of the mainstem River Raisin from the mouth at Lake Erie to the headwaters. Data from: P. Seelbach and G. Whelan, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division, personal communication. 1100 Brooklyn Dam 1000 Norvell Dam Sharon Hollow Dam Ford Dam 900 Clinton Dam Tecumseh Dams 800 Lake Erie Dundee Dam 700 600 Elevation above sea level in feet 500 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 River mile Figure 11b.–Elevation changes by river mile from the mouth to the headwaters of the River Raisin mainstem. Selected major dam locations are noted. Data from: Knutilla and Allen 1975. 175 River Raisin Assessment 70 Headwaters to Tecumseh 60 Tecumseh to Dundee 50 Dundee to Lake Erie 40 30 20 River miles per gradient class 10 0 0.0-2.9 3.0-4.9 5.0-9.9 10.0-69.9 Gradient class (feet per mile) Figure 12.–Gradient classes and length of river in each for three sections of the River Raisin mainstem. Data from: P. Seelbach and G. Whelan, Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division, personal communication. 176 River Raisin Assessment Figure 13.–Soil associations in the River Raisin watershed. Data from: Michigan Water Resources Commission 1965. 177 River Raisin Assessment Saline River Upper Raisin ek ek Cre re Iron C se oo Ev G ans Cr eek Macon Creek South Branch Little Raisin Lower Raisin Black Creek Figure 14.–Major sub-basins of the River Raisin watershed. Data from: Roth 1994. 178 River Raisin Assessment 100 Wetland Water 80 Urban Non-forested Forested 60 Agriculture 40 Percent of subbasin area 20 0 n e Iro Black Evans Salin Goose Upper Raisin South Branch Figure 15.–Land uses in seven major sub-basins of the River Raisin watershed. Land uses are given as the percentage of land area. Data from: Roth 1994. 179 River Raisin Assessment 100 Wetland Water 80 Urban Non-forested Forested 60 Agriculture 40 20 Percent area within 50 m riparian zone 0 n e Iro Black Evans Salin Goose Upper Raisin South Branch Figure 16.–Land uses in a 50 meter riparian zone (50 m each bank, 100 m total width) for seven major sub-basins of the River Raisin watershed. Land uses are given as the percentage of land area in 50 m of the stream, for the entire stream length. Data from: Roth 1994. 180 River Raisin Assessment 10000 Bluntnose minnow Common shiner Spotfin shiner Creek chub White sucker Bluegill Blacknose shiner Blacknose dace 1000 Hornyhead chub Rock bass Sand shiner River chub Largemouth bass Spottail shiner Golden shiner s Emerald shiner Smallmouth bass Grass pickerel Yellow perch Blackchin shiner Northern pike 100 Carp Silver shiner Golden redhorse Tadpole madtom Stonecat Number of individual Gizzard shad Brindled madtom 10 Walleye Black redhorse Creek chubsucker Silver redhorse Greater redhorse Longnose gar 1 1 10 100 300 Number of collections Figure 17.–Numerical abundance (vertical axis) and breadth of representation in ecological samples (horizontal axis) of River Raisin fishes. Data from: Smith et al. 1981. 181 River Raisin Assessment 2 Saline N Saline River Manchester 3 1 Brooklyn Iron Creek N. Br. W E Macon Creek Milan 4 Clinton SL1 Evans S Creek M. Br. Macon Creek SL2 S. Br. Tecumseh 5 10 Macon Creek Wolf Creek Dundee 9 11 SB 12 e i 6 r E Monroe e Adrian k a L S. Br. 8 River Raisin 7 Blissfield Black Creek Bear Creek Figure 18.–Location of sampling stations during 1984 Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division River Raisin rotenone survey. Circles indicate mainstem sites and triangles indicate tributary sites. Data from: Towns 1985. 182 River Raisin Assessment 700 Total weight Sport fish 600 Redhorses and suckers Carp 500 400 300 200 Total weight of fish captured (lbs./acre) 100 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Station Adrian Blissfield Dundee Tecumseh Manchester Figure 19.–The weight of sport fish (includes smallmouth bass, largemouth bass, rock bass, bluegill, northern pike, bullhead spp., channel catfish, and walleye), redhorses and suckers (includes northern hog sucker, white sucker, and all redhorse spp.), and carp captured at each mainstem station during the 1984 Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Fisheries Division River Raisin rotenone survey. The dotted line represents the weight of all fish captured. Data from: Towns 1985. 183 River Raisin Assessment Sharonville SGA Saline N Saline Manchester River Brooklyn Iron Creek N. Br. W E Macon Creek Milan Hayes SP Clinton Evans S Onsted Creek M. Br. SGA Macon Creek Somerset S. Br. Tecumseh SGA Macon Creek Wolf Creek Dundee e i r E Monroe e Adrian k a L Peu tersb rg S. Br. River Raisin SGA Blissfield Lake Hudson Black Creek SRA Bear Creek Figure 20.–State game areas, State recreational areas, State parks, and municipal parks in the River Raisin watershed. Open square = State facility and open circle = city, village or township facility. 184 River Raisin Assessment 1. Lake Somerset (Goose Creek) 12.
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