IDOL Institute of Distance and Online Learning

ENHANCE YOUR QUALIFICATION, ADVANCE YOUR CAREER. 2 BSC.TTM

MANAGING OPERATIONS

Course Code: Bsc.TTM

Semester: First

SLM Units : 6 & 7

E-LESSON : 4

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Introduction of and transport

3 OBJECTIVES INTRODUCTION

Student will be able to : In this unit we are going to learn about To learn about the approved tourist approved tourist transports

Under this unit you will analyze and understand the about the various Car hire To study about the various Car hire companies ,car rentals and tourist companies . companies ,car rentals and tourist Coach companies along with Regional Transport Authority, road taxies, contract carriage, stage carriage, All India permits etc. To learn about Regional Transport Authority, road taxies, contract carriage, stage carriage, All India permits etc.

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> Introduction to approved tourist transports

> Car hire companies ,car rentals and tourist Coach companies . > Regional Transport Authority, road taxies, contract carriage, stage carriage. > All India permits etc.

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 Transport (British English) or transportation (American English) is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. The term is derived from the Latin trans ("across") and portare ("to carry").The functions of Road Transport are as follows :  Transport contributes in Growth of industries whose product requires quick marketing. Perishable articles like fish and green vegetables are carried to various consumers quickly even in distant markets through transport.  Transport helps in increase in the demand for goods. Through transport newer customers in newer places can be easily contacted and products can be introduced to them. Today markets have become national or international only because of www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTTtransport. 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Road Transport

6  Transport creates place utility. Geographical and climatic factors force industries to be located in particular places far away from the markets and places where there may not be any demand for the products. Transport bridges the gap between production and consumption centers.  Transport creates time utility. Of late transport has started creating the time utility also. It has been made possible by virtue of the improvements in the speed of transport. It helps the product to be distributed in the minimum possible time.  Transport helps in stabilization of price. Transport exerts considerable influence upon the stabilization of the prices of several commodities by moving commodities from surplus to deficit areas. This equalizes the supply and demand factor sand www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTTmakes 102) the price of commodities stableAll right as are well reserved as withequal. CU-IDOL Importance of Roads

7 The importance of Road is as follows

Economic Activity and Transport

Social Effect of Transportation

Sectionalism

Concentration of population in urban areas.

Aspect of safety, law and order.

Role of Transportation in Rural Development

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Merits and Demerits of Roads  Merits  Construction Cost is less. 8  Very convenient for passenger and good transport.  Destination and starting points are not necessary to define.  Any type of vehicle can used this mode of transport

 Demerits:  Early wear of road pavement.  Speed limit and restriction.  Suitable for short distance only.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Aspects of Road Transport –Car Hire Companies

9  The concept started in the United States.  A rental service is a service in which customers arrive to request the hire of a rental unit. It is more convenient than carrying the cost of owning and maintaining the unit.  A car rental or car hire agency is a company that rents automobiles for short period of time for a fee whether in a few hours or a few days or week. It is an extended form of a rental shop, often organized with numerous local branches (which allow a user to return a vehicle to a different location), and primarily 'located near or busy city areas and often complemented by a website allowing online reservations.  Car rental agencies primarily serve people who have a car that is temporarily out Of reach or out of service, for example travelers who are out of town or owners of damaged or destroyed vehicles who are awaiting repair or insurance compensation  Because of the variety of sizes of their vehicles, car rental agencies may also serve the self-moving industry needs, by renting vans or trucks, and in certain markets other types of vehicles such as motorcycles or scooters may also be offered.  In short, It is a system design specially for large, premium and small car rental business. The car rental system provides complete functionality of listing and booking car.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Rental Car Scheme  Providing cars, maxi-cabs and other small to medium vehicles to the customers on a 10 monthly hiring basis, where the driver & fuel is provided by the service provider , otherwise the service provider charges for the vehicle and rest of the expenses like fuel, driver etc. are to be borne by the customer himself is called as the Rental Car Scheme.  The customer gets the vehicle on per kilometer rate basis, where the driver as well as the fuel is provided by the service provider and customer has to pay for as much as he subject to some minimum charges.  The above arrangement may also be a drop/ pick up service – say drop. The service provider has his car pools at many places, the customer approaches and chooses a car.  The service provider would part both the control and possession subject to the condition that the customer pays the refundable deposit as well the consideration for the usage. In this model the customer himself is responsible for driving the vehicle as well as fuel costs.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Services . Bus services use on conventional roads to carrying numerous passengers 11 on shorter journeys.  Buses operate with low capacity (i.e. compared with or trains), and can operate on conventional roads, with relatively inexpensive bus stops to serve passengers. Therefore buses are commonly used in smaller cities and towns, in rural areas as well for shuttle services supplementing in large cities.  Bus is an ambiguous term used for buses operating on dedicated right-of-way, much like a . are electric buses that employ overhead wires to get power for traction. Online Electric Vehicles are buses that run on a conventional battery, but are recharged frequently at certain points via underground wires.  The benefits of bus are : 1)Bus transport is cheaper then other means of transport. 2)It is a good way to travel into the city.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Tourist Coach

 A Motor coach (bus) is a type of vehicle used for Travelling passengers on Journey and on longer- 12 distance between cities—or even between countries. Not like transit buses designed for shorter journeys, coaches have a luggage hold that is separate from the passenger cabin and are normally equipped with facilities required for longer trips, including comfortable seats, Air Condition, some times bathrooms and etc.

 Executive motor coaches offer a high level of comfort and luxury and are great for special business and social Occasions

 It is a mobile office , and a bathroom on wheels

 An executive bus may have a conference room, gallery, shower, and luxurious seating.

 An executive motor coach is ideal vehicle for groups to traveling any long distance.

 It is also a good option for local outings, such as corporate meetings or transporting wedding parties. www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Tourist Coach

 Features 13  Comfortable seats that may include a folding table, armrests, and recliner. Comfort is considered to be an important feature in coaches.

 Luggage racks above the seats where passengers can access their carry-on baggage during the journey

 Baggage holds, accessed from outside the vehicle, often under the main floor or at the rear, where passengers' luggage can be stowed away from the seating area

 Passenger service units, mounted overhead, on which personal reading lights and air conditioning ducts can be controlled and used by individual passengers with little disturbance to other passengers

 On-board rest rooms fitted with chemical toilets, hand basins and hand sanitizer. On some coaches, on- board entertainment including movies may be shown to passengers

 On-board refreshment service or vending machines Wheelchair accommodation, possibly including a wheelchair lift for access Curtains, useful on overnight services On-board Wi-Fi access www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Tourist Coach Companies

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 History Of Motor Coach

 One of the earliest motorised vehicles was the charabanc , which was used for short journeys and excursions until the early years of the 20th century.

 The first "motor coaches" were purchased by operators of those horse-drawn vehicles in the early 20th century. by operators such as Royal Blue Coach Services, who purchased their first charabanc in 1913 and were running 72 coaches by 1926.

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 How Motor Coach Works with Tourism 15  Motor Coach for Daily Transport The Motor Coach is the most reasonable and practical mode of transportation. Therefore people select motor coach(bus) for their daily or weekly transport

 Tour guides or tour operators simple chose the motor coach for there all tour group travelling. Because they can save money with out spending lot on other expensive travelling methods .They can take one group from one bus or they can join 2,3 groups who taking same destinations.

 Hotels use motor coach for pick their tourist customers from air .

 Also they arrange hotel tours for their customers, take them to visit places, for all those purposes they use motor coach

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Regional Transport Authority  The Regional Transport Office (RTO) is a government organization established to oversee all transport-related operations in India. 16  The primary objective of the department is to maintain a database for all vehicles operating in the country and issue licenses for drivers.  In addition, the department also engages in various other duties like tax collection, pollution check, and enforcement of road transportation rules.  RTO for various things like registration, new license application, license renewal, etc.  RTOs are located throughout the country, and they currently function under the rules put forth by the Motor Vehicle Act of 1988.  These rules are applicable throughout the country and are enforced by the RTOs of the respective states.  One of the major duties of an RTO is to improve vehicle security and reduce vehicle- related crime. RTOs also play a major role in enforcing strict rules in the case of accidents.

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 Vehicle traffic is increasing in India day-by-day. The role of RTO in regulating traffic is increasing along with this. Some of the key roles performed by RTO are listed as follows:  Enforcing the motor vehicle rules established by the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988  Registering new vehicles  Maintaining a database for all registered vehicles  Issuing licenses to vehicle owners/drivers  Routinely inspecting vehicles  Issuing certificates to assert the fitness of vehicles  Collecting one-time road tax for motor vehicles from vehicle owners  Managing the permits issued to trucks, autos, taxis, etc.  Implementing any new rules issued by the government with regard to motor vehicles  Checking emissions and issuing pollution certificates for vehicles

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 Activities online are listed as follows:  Applying for a new driving license  Scheduling an appointment for visiting the RTO  Renewing the driving license  Downloading a copy of your existing driving license

 For the following activities, RTO are Available  Registering a new vehicle  Writing a test for learner’s license  Taking a test for getting a new driving license  Settling disputes following accidents

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL Motor Vehicle Act and Contract Carriage  The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.  It extends to the whole of India. 19  It shall come into force on such date* as the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, appoint, and different dates may be appointed for different States and any reference in this Act to the commencement of this Act shall, in relation to a State, be construed as a reference to the coming into force of this Act in that State.

 Contract Carriage : A motor vehicle which carries a passenger or passengers for hire or reward and is engaged under a contract : (a) on a time basis, whether or not with reference to any route or distance (b) from one point to another In either case, without stopping to pick up or set down passengers not included in the contract anywhere during the journey, and includes – (1) a maxi cab (2) a motor cab notwithstanding that separate

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 A motor vehicle constructed or adapted to carry more than six passengers excluding the driver for hire or reward at 20 separate fares paid by or for individual passengers, either for the whole journey or for stages of the journey.  State Government : In relation to a Union territory, means the Administrator thereof appointed under article 239 of the Constitution.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL All India Permit

All India Permit is a type of registration provided to transporters by the Transport Department of each State 21 Government for goods carriage to operate through-out India. State Governments can issue two types of permit for goods carriage, one being State Permit and the other National Permit.

 A Permit is granted by a state or regional transport authority permitting use of a vehicle as a transport vehicle.  Granted based on the INTENDED USE of a motor vehicle Licenses  A Operator’s License is not the same as a Permit.  Licenses are granted to an operator to CONDUCT A BUSINESS OR OPERATE A VEHICLE  Operators must still obtain permits for vehicles to be used commercially otherwise it is illegal for them to do so.

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PERMITS FOR GOODS VEHICLES 22 GOODS CARRIER PERMITS : Such permit is granted under Section 79 of the Motor Vehicles Act,1988,to a goods vehicle operating within the state. Permits granted to a particular vehicle for carrying a particular load has to be plied for that particular area only.

NATIONAL PERMITS : National permits are issued to goods vehicles to enable them to go outside the home state. National Permit is issued for a minimum of four continuous states (including the home state) under rule 86 & 87 of Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989. For obtaining such permits the maximum age of a particular vehicle should not exceed 12 years. However, maximum age in case of a multi-axle vehicle should not exceed 15 years. For the issue of National Permit, applicant has to apply on form 46 and 48 along with other formalities .

PERMITS FOR PASSENGER VEHICLES STAGE CARRIAGE PERMITS : State Transport Authority announces scheme for grant of stage carriage permit from time to time, depending upon the requirement of buses on different route of the city. These permits are issued under section 72 of Motor Vehicles Act, 1988.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL 23 RENT-A-CAB PERMITS :

With the increase in no. of multinationals Companies & tourists requirements Rent-A-Cab scheme was launched in India in 1989. Under this scheme the passenger drives the vehicle himself & is charged on no. of days the cab is used. The applicant should have a 24 hrs. accessible telephone, adequate parking space, experience of passenger transport business.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONES Q1. Road transport operators have to comply with Motor Vehicles Act 1988 and ______. (a) Central Motor Vehicle Rule 1989 (b) Carriage by Road Act, 2007 24 (c) Central Motor Vehicle Rule 1978 (d) All India Permit

Q2The taxi industry in India is governed by the ______Act of 1988. (a) Contract act (b) Central Motor Vehicles (c) State Motor Vehicles (d) All India Permit ( Q3To obtain______, the owner of the vehicle must make an application to the concerned State Regional Transport Authority. (a) RTO (b) All India Permit (c) National Permit (d) DTO

Q4. It is a district-level transport organization – (a) DTO (b) RTO (c) All India Permit (d) Contract carriage (Answer : Q1. (a),Q2. (b), Q3. (c), Q4. (a)

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION

25 Q1. Explain ‘The importance Of Road transport .’

Ans : Economic Activity and Transport ,Social Effect of Transportation ,Sectionalism ,Concentration of population in urban areas. ,Aspect of safety, law and order. ,Role of Transportation in Rural Development For further detail Please refer to SLM.

Q2. Write detail note on All India Permits All India Permit is a type of registration provided to transporters by the Transport Department of each State Government for goods carriage to operate through-out India. State Governments can issue two types of permit for goods carriage, one being State Permit and the other National Permit.

Ans : For further detail Please refer to SLM.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL SUMMARY  Road Transport :It is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. The term is derived from 26 the Latin trans ("across") and portare ("to carry").  Car Hire Companies : A rental service is a service in which customers arrive to request the hire of a rental unit. It is more convenient than carrying the cost of owning and maintaining the unit.  A car rental or car hire agency is a company that rents automobiles for short period of time for a fee whether in a few hours or a few days or week.

 Rent Car scheme :The customer gets the vehicle on per kilometer rate basis, where the driver as well as the

fuel is provided by the service provider and customer has to pay for as much as he travels subject to some

minimum charges.

 Bus Services : Bus services use buses on conventional roads to carrying numerous passengers on shorter

journeys.

 Tourist Coach www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL  Regional Transport Offices SUMMARY  Tourist Coach :A Motor coach (bus) is a type of vehicle used for Travelling passengers on Journey and on 27 longer-distance intercity bus service between cities—or even between countries. Not like transit buses

designed for shorter journeys, coaches have a luggage hold that is separate from the passenger cabin and are

normally equipped with facilities required for longer trips, including comfortable seats, Air Condition, some

times bathrooms and etc.  Regional Transport Offices :The Regional Transport Office (RTO) is a government organization established to oversee all transport-related operations in India.  The primary objective of the department is to maintain a database for all vehicles operating in the country and issue licenses for drivers.

 All India Permits :. All India Permit is a type of registration provided to transporters by the Transport Department of each State Government for goods carriage to operate through-out India. State Governments can issue two types of permit for goods carriage, one being State Permit and the other National Permit.

www.cuidol.in Unit-6 & 7 (BTT 102) All right are reserved with CU-IDOL REFRENCES

28 Tourism: Operations and Management, 2009- S. Roday, Archana Biwal, Vandana Joshi- Oxford Publication

Tourism: Principles and Practices, Oxford publication, Sampada Swain, Jitendra Mishra. Air Transportation - A Management Perspective,1984 -John G. Wensveen - 8th edition. Road Transportation, SM Trivedi - 2010 Benson, D. and Whitehead G. 1985, Transport and distribution, Longman, Harlow Page S. J, 1994, Transport and Tourism, 3rd edition, Routledge, London. International Tourism Management, A. K. Bhatiya, 2001, sterling publishers Pvt. Ltd. Introduction to Tourism and Hospitality Industry, Andrew S., 2007, Tata McGraw Hill, New Delhi.

Tourism and Travel Management, Ghosh B, 2007, Vikas Publication House Pvt. Ltd. The Traveling Public and Tourism Promoters, Mark Twain.

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THANK YOU

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