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al Science tic & li P Libby, J Pol Sci Pub Aff 2015, 3:3 o u P b f l i o c DOI: 10.4172/2332-0761.1000183 l A a Journal of Political Sciences & f n f r a u i r o s J ISSN: 2332-0761 Public Affairs Research Article Open Access Has the Tea Party Eclipsed the Republican Establishment in the 2016 Presidential Elections? Libby RT* University of North Florida, The Iowa Conference on Presidential Politics, Dordt College, Sioux Center, Iowa, USA Abstract The premise of the paper is that Tea Party candidates for the presidency have an institutional advantage over establishment candidates in the Republican primaries and caucuses. The reason for this is that the Tea Party constitutes the base of the Republican Party. The majority of Republicans support the Tea Party and they constitute 64% of primary voters. The significance of the 2016 presidential elections is that the Tea Party emerged as the leading force in the national Republican Party. In the lead-up to the first presidential caucus in Iowa, three of the top five Republican candidates, Donald Trump, Ben Carson, and Ted Cruz are Tea Party-backed candidates. These three candidates alone are ranked number one by more than 50% of Republican voters in the polls. The combined number one ranking of all establishment candidates Carly Fiorina, Jeb Bush, John Kasich, and Chris Christy average only 30% of Republican voters in the polls. The paper explains the Tea Party’s 10 principles and “primary” strategy to defeat Republicans in Name Only (RINOs) in primaries. It also examines the campaign organizations of the Tea Party Candidates which is central to mobilizing the Tea Party vote in primaries and caucuses. Keywords: Tea party; Republican; Presidential elections candidates’ image, speech, talking points, and prepping candidates for TV debates or interviews is no longer the coin of the realm. This is Introduction the reason that the print, TV, and radio media has been caught totally The premise of the paper is that Tea Party candidates have unprepared for the rise of Tea Party candidates in the 2016 election an institutional advantage over establishment candidates in the campaign. They will continue to be befuddled until they recognize Republican presidential primaries and caucuses. The reason is that the the emergence of a powerful Tea Party movement that dominates Tea Party constitutes the base of the Republican Party. The significance the base of the Republican Party. It should be obvious to all that of the 2016 Presidential elections is that the Tea Party has emerged as a simply dismissing Tea Party activists and candidates by calling them leading electoral force in the national Republican Party. Prior to 2012, extremists or radicals conceals the underlying reality. Even prescient the Tea Party focused its attention upon electing candidates to the house students of election politics such as Larry Sabato, fail to fully grasp the of representatives, US Senate, state and local offices [1]. Since that time, nature of the Tea Party movement. For example, Sabato concludes that the Tea Party has taken over the base of the Republican Party and its “Tea Party supporters are much more conservative than the American candidates are now able to compete for the office of the presidency. public on social as well as economic issues, more religious [4].” In According to the 2012 American National Election Study, the Tea Party fact, the Tea Party is not comprised of “Republicans.” All of the polls is the “most politically active segment of the GOP electoral base [2]. conducted on Tea Party activists have found that the partisan affiliation They are 57% of all GOP voters and 64% of Republican primary voters of Tea Party members is mixed. For example, one study by the Winston and 66% of “opinion leaders [2].” Based upon the survey, Tea Party Group that conducted three national surveys of 1,000 registered voters activists make-up over 60% of Republicans who contributed money to in 2010 found that four out of [1] Tea Party members are Democrats or the party and its candidates, attended rallies and worked on campaigns. Independents [5]. In a survey of 11,000 members of Freedom Works, A Pew survey carried out in July 2013, also found that 62 percent of Tea a non-profit organization that supports Tea Party election campaigns, Party Republicans reported voting regularly in Republican primaries. carried out in 2013, concluded “Tea Party Activists are not Republicans This compared with 45 percent of other Republicans [3]. [6].” Early Leaders in the 2016 Campaign Origins of the Tea Party Given the importance of the Tea Party, It is not surprising that To understand the Tea Party, it is necessary to examine its origins. their candidates are the early leaders for the Republican presidential The Tea Party came into existence in the summer of 2009 in response to nomination. Nevertheless, Tea Party candidates must compete for Obama’s proposed Affordable Health Care Act. The massive scope and the support of the base of the party. That means that while Tea Party candidates may change their ranking during the six-month state primary/caucus marathon (i.e., from February to July 2016), they *Corresponding author: Ronald T Libby, University of North Florida, The Iowa have an institutional advantage to win the nomination. Another way Conference on Presidential Politics, Dordt College, Sioux Center, Iowa, USA, Tel: of putting it is that Tea Party candidates such as Donald Trump, Ben 19046201000; E-mail: [email protected] Carson and Ted Cruz can win the nomination without the support of Received November 23, 2015; Accepted December 03, 2015; Published the Republican establishment. However an establishment candidate December 10, 2015 such as Carly Fiorina, Marco Rubio, Jeb Bush, John Kasich or Chris Citation: Libby RT (2015) Has the Tea Party Eclipsed the Republican Establishment Christy would have great difficulty winning the nomination without in the 2016 Presidential Elections? J Pol Sci Pub Aff 3: 183. doi:10.4172/2332- Tea Party support. The old rules governing the Republican nomination 0761.1000183 process appear to no longer apply. That is to say, having the largest Copyright: © 2015 Libby RT. This is an open-access article distributed under the campaign war-chest, avoiding language that may offend “identity terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and groups” such as young single women, blacks or Hispanics, polishing source are credited. J Pol Sci Pub Aff ISSN: 2332-0761 JPSPA, an open access journal Volume 3 • Issue 3 • 1000183 Citation: Libby RT (2015) Has the Tea Party Eclipsed the Republican Establishment in the 2016 Presidential Elections? J Pol Sci Pub Aff 3: 183. doi:10.4172/2332-0761.1000183 Page 2 of 10 cost of the proposal (involving as much as one-sixth of the economy) defeat of Charlie Christ in Florida in 2010. Ted Cruz defeated a RINO, triggered widespread protests at congressional town hall meetings Lieutenant Governor of Texas, David Dewhurst in a 2012 primary. throughout the country. From the Tea Party perspective, it was the last In 2014,the Tea Party” primaried” RINO Republican House Majority straw of huge deficit spending and burgeoning debt that began with Leader, Eric Cantor. Cantor was defeated in Virginia’s 7th congressional the George W. Bush administration’s $700 billion dollar Trouble Asset district by a virtually unknown economics professor and Tea Party Recovery Program (TARP). TARP bailed-out over a thousand large activist, Dave Brat. Tea Party activists regard prominent Republican banks and mortgage, car, and insurance companies and Obama’s $800 leaders such as former Speaker of the House, John Boehner (R-OH) billion stimulus spending project which primarily benefited Wall Street [8], Senate Majority Leader, Mitch McConnell (R-KY), senior senators banks and corporations. such as John McCain (R-AZ), Rick Santorum (R-PA), Lindsey Graham (R-SC), and presidential candidates such as governors of New Jersey, By protesting these policies, Tea Party activists were merely Chris Christy, Ohio, John Kasich, Louisiana, Bobby Jindal, New York, following the historical precedent of the original Tea Party activists of George Pataki, Georgia, John Gilliam and Carly Fiorina, the CEO of the 1750s called the Sons of Liberty. Like the Sons of Liberty, modern- Hewlett-Packard Co., as RINOs. The Republican National Committee day Tea Party activists created grassroots organizations in every state (RNC) chairman, Reince Priebus, and former chairman of the RNC, in the country [7]. However, the contemporary Tea Party movement Michael Steel, and Republican advisers such as Karl Rove, Republican is a virtual community with thousands of local organizations and journalists and pundits such as Gary Wills and Charles Krauthammer millions of supporters. They are in rebellion against the leadership and TV talk show host, Bill O’Reilly, are also regarded as RINOs. of the Republican Party. The only reason they vote Republican is With the exception of a handful of media outlets such as TV and the party’s historical populist tradition and emphasis upon fiscal radio talk show host, Sean Hannity, and radio host, Rush Limbaugh, responsibility. In other words, they are copying the original Republican Tea Party activists are skeptical about the media. Indeed, They believe Party founded by Thomas Jefferson in the 1790s that was designed to that the media represents big business that serves the interests of the oppose the creation of a powerful central bank allied to economic establishment and therefore, is patronizing and contemptuous of elites. Unlike the Federalist Party, however, Jefferson’s Republican working, and middle, class Americans. For this reason, media criticism Party appealed for support from yeoman farmers who constituted the of unscripted, impromptu politically incorrect comments made by base of the economy at the time.
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