Your Opinion Counts! Useful Resources ative 1. How did you find out about the garden? Website Newsletter Brochure Campus Tour N Demonstration Other etlands Internet Resources Garden Adkins Arboretum Delaware Sea Grant College Program Pennsylvania Native Plant Society 2. Do you currently use native at your home? W www.adkinsarboretum.org www.ocean.udel.edu/seagrant/ www.pawildflower.org Yes No American Forests Delaware Wildflowers University of Delaware Botanic Garden www.americanforest.org/ www.delawarewildflowers.org http://ag.udel.edu/udbg 3. After visiting/touring the garden: resources/bigtrees/register.php Many beautiful plants are available to create Native Plant Society USDA NRCS Plants Database Bowman’s Hill Wildflower Preserve Have you learned about at least one new native plant? www.mdflora.org http://plants.usda.gov colorful landscapes in wetland areas — a few www.bhwp.org Are you more aware of the benefits of using native plants? examples are shown here: Delaware Native Plant Society Native Plant Society of New Jersey U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Are you more likely to use native plants in your home garden? www.npsnj.org www.fws.gov hat is a Wetland? www.delawarenativeplants.org Are you less likely to use non-native in your W Delaware Natural Heritage Program Partnership for the Delaware Estuary Virginia Native Plant Society landscape? There are many types of wetlands, including vegetated www.dnrec.state.de.us/fw/wildrehe.htm www.delawareestuary.org www.vnps.org Comments: areas that are covered with water or have very wet soils for part of the year. Wetlands can be as small as a backyard Swamp Rose Native Plant Nurseries and Suppliers pond or drainage swale or as large as the Rosa palustris Everglades. The primary characteristic that makes The following organizations offer native Commercial and non-profit suppliers of native plants and seeds: 4. Do you find the information in this brochure useful? plants and seeds for sale each year: wetlands different from other landscape features is Bowman’s Hill Wildflower Preserve Maryland Native Nursery, Inc. Yes No that they are wet for at least part of the growing Adkins Arboretum New Hope, PA (215-863-2924) Baltimore, MD (410-529-0552) Ridgely, MD (410-634-2847) Please explain: season — they can be wet all year or dry up seasonally. Chesapeake Native Nursery Ronny’s Garden World Great Blue Lobelia Delaware Native Plant Society Takoma Park, MD (301-270-4534) Smyrna, DE (302-653-6288) Lobelia siphilitica Dover, DE (See above website) Eastern Shore Nurseries, Inc. Willey Farms 5. Would you like additional information? Delaware Nature Society Easton, MD (410-832-1320) Townsend, DE (302-378-8441) Coastal dunes Swamp Milkweed Hockessin, DE (302-239-2334) What Types of Wetlands Asclepias incarnata Gateway Garden Center Windsor’s and Plants Sample native plant seed packet Exist in Your Community? University of Delaware Botanic Gardens Hockessin, DE (302-239-4675) Rehoboth/Lewes, DE (302-227-9481) A dding color and texture to your Newark, DE (302-831-0153) Other brochures on native gardening Lord’s Landscaping backyard garden is easy with native plants! Even if there is no open water near your home, a wet Ocean View, DE (302-539-6119) Name: shrubby depression or grassy valley could contain This garden has been established to encourage residents and wetlands that fill with water during the rainy season and visitors to use native plants in home garden landscapes. By Address: Sweetbay Magnolia are dry for the rest of the year. Freshwater wetlands Magnolia virginiana using native plants, gardeners can enhance the natural beauty receive water from one or more sources: rainwater, of an area while providing food, protective cover, and nesting City: surface water, or ground water. Wherever you live, it is This garden was made possible by: sites for birds and small animals. likely that there are wetlands nearby. Delaware Sea Grant College Program, Partnership for the Delaware Estuary, University of Delaware, Delaware DNREC State: Zip: Division of Soil and Water Conservation and Division of Water Resources, J. B. Landscaping, U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Native plants are species that have evolved in a particular National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Sussex County Conservation District, and Cape Henlopen High School Agri-Science Wetlands serve many critical environmental functions region over thousands of years. The plants that have been If you would like to subscribe to AT SEA (UD CMES) and/or and National Honor Society programs. such as providing habitat, refuge, spawning and nursery selected for this garden are well adapted to life at the coast Estuary News (PDE), our free quarterly e-newsletters, please areas; producing food; cycling nutrients; absorbing flood and are easy to maintain. They require less water, fertilizer, and include your e-mail address: Monkey Blue Flag Iris waters; and filtering potentially harmful pollution Mimulus ringens Iris versicolor pesticides than non-native species, which ultimately save time, from water. money, and reduce pollution from unnecessary chemicals. GRASSES, FERNS, & VINES FLOWERING HERBACEOUS & EMERGENT PLANTS, continued & TREES Conditions Conditions Conditions Name Characteristics Name Characteristics Name Characteristics Photo (Light; Moisture; Habitat Notes Photo (Light; Moisture; Habitat Notes Photo (Light; Moisture; Habitat Notes (Common & Scientific) (Height; Flowers) (Common & Scientific) (Height; Flowers) (Common & Scientific) (Height; Flowers) Soil Type) Soil Type) Soil Type)

Light: full sun maritime beaches, prefers well-drained, Height: 1.5-6' Light: full to partial woods, swamps, riverbanks, Height: 10-15' Light: full to partial swamps, wet woods, bogs, American Beach Grass Height: 1.5-3.5' Dogtooth Daisy tolerates wet areas; Arrow-wood floodplain forests, stems very straight, Moisture: D dunes, grasslands, sandy sites; spreads Flowers: Jul-Nov, sun or shade alluvial thickets, Flowers: May-Jun, sun, shade Ammophila breviligulata Flowers: Jul-Sep Helenium autumnale Moisture: M showy flowers, herbal uses Vibernum dentatum Moisture: D M W streambanks, low, nice structure in winter Soil type: L S shrublands rapidly by rhizomes yellow Soil type: C L S meadows, marshes, ditches white Soil type: L S O wet acid-sand habitats Light: full/partial sun, shade Cinnamon Fern Height: 2-5' woods, marshes, swamps, Height: 0.5-1' Light: full sun edible, used for jelly; Beach Height: 1-8' Light: full to partial sun ocean dunes, Moisture: M W tolerates drought Eastern Prickly Pear Cactus sandy coastal dunes, edible fruit, prized for jams Osmunda cinnamomea Fruit: Apr-May bogs, streamsides Flowers: Jun-Jul, Moisture: D shaly soils Delaware’s only native maritima Flowers: Apr-May, Moisture: D M roadsides, hedgerows and jellies; salt tolerant Soil type: C L Opuntia humifusa yellow Soil type: L S cactus white Soil type: L S

Light: full/partial sun, shade fresh tidal and Height: 1-5' Light: full to partial Height: 6-12'' Light: full to partial fresh tidal and nontidal needs sun to flower; flowers Royal Fern Height: 1.5-6' tolerates full sun if moist; Great Blue Lobelia woodlands, meadows, long bloom time; Buttonbush fragrant; interesting fruit; Moisture: M W nontidal marshes Flowers: Aug-Oct, sun, shade Flowers: Jul-Aug, sun, shade marshes, swamps, Fruit: Apr-Jun tolerates drought swamps white available Moisture: M W forested wetlands; tolerates drought; Osmunda regalis Soil type: C L S and swamps, woods Lobelia siphilitica blue, violet Moisture: M W Cephalanthus occidentalis creamy white Fold along dotted line. Soil type: C L S Soil type: C L S O stream, lake and pond edge may persist into winter Light: full sun coastal salt and brackish forms large mats; Height: 1.5-10' Light: full to partial sun herbal uses; attractive Height: 50-75' Please be sure to include your mailing address Salt Meadow Hay Height: 1-3' Joe-Pye Weed floodplains, meadows, Eastern Red Cedar Light: full sun consumed by over Moisture: M W tidal marshes; irregularly good for shore Flowers: Jul-Oct, Moisture: D M W to butterflies and other Spread: 35-50' in order to receive your free seed packet! Flowers: Jul-Sep flooded high marsh at or Eupatorium fistulosum thickets, roadsides Moisture: D M broad range of habitats 50 species of birds; PLEASE Spartina patens Soil type: C L S erosion control pink-purple Soil type: C L nectar feeding insects Juniperus virginiana Flowers: Mar-Apr, above mean high tide line red purple Soil type: C L S berries have culinary use PLACE Light: full/partial sun, shade fresh tidal and nontidal Height: 1-3.5' Light: partial sun old fields, meadows; produces attractive Height: 20-35' Light: partial sun to shade early bloomer — one of STAMP Sensitive Fern Height: 1-3.5' Mistflower to full shade Eastern Redbud river bottoms and Moisture: M W marshes, meadows, spreads in wet areas Flowers: Jul-Oct, dry sandy woods and violet-blue florets Spread: 20-35' Moisture: D M the earliest harbingers of Fruit: Jun-Oct Moisture: D M W clearings, damp thickets, streambanks HERE Onoclea sensibilis Soil type: C L S Conoclinium coelestinum Cercis canadensis Flowers: Apr-May, Soil type: L S swamps, woods blue, violet or purple Soil type: C L streambanks arranged in dense heads pink to lavender spring; fixes nitrogen

Spread: 6-12' Light: full/partial sun thickets, fence rows, flowers intermittently Light: full sun volunteers in disturbed Trumpet Honeysuckle Monkey Flower Height: 1-3' Light: full to partial sun open swamps, interesting flowers; Groundsel Bush Height: 6-12' fresh to salt marshes, Flowers: Apr-Oct, Mositure: D M open woods, dry stony until frost; transplants Moisture: D M W places; shallow, lateral Flowers: Jun-Oct, Moisture: W meadows, shores attracts butterflies Flowers: Aug-Sep, ditches, shores, dunes Lonicera sempervirens coral to red with yellow well; semi-evergreen Mimulus ringens Baccharis halimifolia roots; tolerates flooding Soil type: C L S woods, forest edges blue Soil type: L and other insects white Soil type: C L S O to 6 inches

Height: 1-6' Light: full to partial sun open woods, showy, frequently cultivated; Height: 6-12' Light: full to partial forested wetlands, shrub Delaware Sea Grant Program FLOWERING HERBACEOUS & EMERGENT PLANTS New England Aster Highbush Blueberry swamps, bogs, dry to wet edible berries Flowers: Aug-Oct, Moisture: M seasonal wetlands, tolerates drier soils Flowers: Apr-Jun, sun, shade Conditions Aster novae-angliae Vaccinium corymbosum Moisture: D M W woods, thickets, stream- commonly cultivated University of Delaware Name Characteristics violet Soil type: L shores, meadows and seasonal flooding white or pink-tinged banks, rock outcroppings Photo (Light; Moisture; Habitat Notes Soil type: L S O (Common & Scientific) (Height; Flowers) 700 Pilottown Road Soil Type) brilliant flowers; Light: full to partial berries persist through Height: 3.5-8' Light: full to partial sun streambanks, fields, Inkberry Height: 6-10' forested wetlands, New York Ironweed tall upright form adds sun, shade winter; male and female Lewes, DE 19958-1298 Flowers: Aug-Oct, Moisture: M W freshwater marshes Flowers: May-Jun, shrub swamps, flowers on separate plants; Height: 1-3.5' Light: full to partial sun meadows; Veronia noveboracensis purple Soil type: L structure to garden; spreads Ilex glabra Moisture, D M sandy woods Black-Eyed Susan fields, meadows, greenish white Soil type: C L S O tolerates some salt flooding Flowers: Jun-Oct, Moisture: D M attracts butterflies, bees roadsides hirta yellow, black eye Soil type: C L and other beneficial insects Orange Coneflower Height: 1.5-3.5' Light: full to partial sun Loblolly Pine Light: full sun many birds feed on Flowers: Jul-Oct, Moisture: D M moist fields, meadows cultivars have nice foliage Height: 70-90' Moisture: D M W floodplains, fields, slopes the seeds; Rudbeckia fulgida Pinus taeda Blazing Star Height: 1-6.5' Light: full to partial sun moist meadows, drought tolerant; yellow-orange, black eye Soil type: L Soil type: C L S provides winter cover Moisture: D M Liatris spicata Flowers: Jul-Aug, open areas attractive to butterflies rose-purple or white Soil type: C L S Light: full to partial sun fields, open woods, Height: 5-10' Light: full to partial sun tidal and nontidal fresh fragrant leaves; tends to Oxeye Sunflower Height: 1-5' Northern Bayberry sucker and form large Flowers: Jun-Sep, Moisture: D M floodplains, thickets, long bloom time Flowers: Mar-Apr, Moisture: D M W and brackish marshes, fresh to moderately Heliopsis helianthoides Myrica pensylvanica colonies; waxy berries Blue Flag Iris Height: 3' Light: full to partial sun nectar attracts butterflies pale yellow Soil type: L S streambanks yellowish-green Soil type: C L S swamps, sand flats, dunes persist through winter Flowers: May-Jun, Moisture: M W brackish tidal marshes, Iris versicolor meadows, shores, swamps, and other insects blue Soil type: L S fresh to brackish tidal Height: 1.5-13' forested wetlands, tolerates infrequent Fold along dotted line. forested wetlands Rose Mallow Height: 3-6' Light: full to partial sun common along coast; Red Chokeberry Light: full to partial sun Flowers: Jul-Sep, Moisture: M W marshes, occasionally persists in winter; Flowers: Mar-May, Moisture: D M W shrub bogs, upland forests, flooding by water with Height: 1.5-5' Light: full to partial sun bright flowers; herbal uses; Hibiscus moscheutos nontidal marshes Aronia arbutifolia white, purple-tinged fields, dunes some salt; can be Blue Vervain meadows, swamps, cream, pink Soil type: C L split seed capsules Soil type: C L S pruned as hedge Flowers: Jun-Oct, Moisture: M W attracts butterflies and Verbena hastata floodplains, ditches blue to purple Soil type: C L S other nectar feeding insects Height: 1-6.5' Light: full to partial sun Height: 8' Light: full to partial fresh tidal and nontidal edible fruit is a -like Seaside Goldenrod coastal plant, may occur Swamp Rose Flowers: Jul-Nov, Moisture: D M coastal areas, dunes Flowers: Jun-Aug, sun, shade marshes, forested wetlands, hip; thorns; tolerates Height: 1-3' attractive seed pod; Solidago sempervirens where road salts are used Rosa palustris Moisture: M W Butterfly Milkweed Light: full to partial sun dry fields, roadsides, yellow Soil type: L S pink shrub swamps, streambanks flooding to 3 inches Flowers: May-Jul, Moisture: D M important nectar source Soil type: C L Asclepias tuberosa shale barrens for Monarchs and other orange Soil type: L S Height: 4-6' fresh tidal and nontidal can tolerate drought; tidal and nontidal forested butterflies Swamp Milkweed Light: full to partial sun Sweet Pepperbush Height: 6-12' Light: partial sun to shade very fragrant; nectar Flowers: May-Jun, Moisture: M W marshes, meadows, shrub interesting seed pod; Flowers: Jul-Aug, Moisture: M W wetlands, shrub swamps, bogs, woods, coastal river used by hummingbirds, Height: 2-4' Light: full to partial sun fresh tidal and nontidal long bloom time; Asclepias incarnata pink to reddish swamps, woods, shores, important nectar source for Clethra alnifolia white/pink Soil type: C L S Cardinal Flower Soil type: C L Monarchs and other butterflies floodplains, lakeshores butterflies and other insects Flowers: Jul-Oct, Moisture: M W marshes, wood swamps, biennial, must reseed; ditches seeps, banks of ponds, Lobelia cardinalis red Soil type: C L attractive to hummingbirds Height: 12-30' Light: full to partial rivers, streams Tall White Beard-Tongue Height: 2-5' Light: full to partial sun tolerates poor drainage; Sweetbay Magnolia forested wetlands, seeps, semi-evergreen; fragrant Flowers: Jun-Aug, Moisture: D M open woods, meadows attracts butterflies and Spread: 12-30' sun, shade stream and pond edges, Flowers: May-Jul, flowers; tolerates occasional Height: 1-5' Light: full/partial sun, shade floodplains, swamps, attractive to butterflies Penstemon digitalis Magnolia virginiana Moisture: M W Common Boneset white or faintly purple Soil type: C L S other insects white to cream Soil type: C L S sandy woods flooding, some salt Flowers: Jul-Oct, Moisture: M W bogs, streambanks, and other nectar Eupatorium perfoliatum white Soil type: C L S meadows feeding insects Height: 1.5-6.5' Light: full to partial sun Height: 6-12' Light: full to partial fresh tidal swamps, berries provide winter bird White Turtlehead Winterberry Holly sun, shade Flowers: Jul-Oct, Moisture: M W woods, streambanks, strong grower; herbal uses Flowers: Jun-Jul, shrub swamps, food, poisonous to humans; Chelone glabra swamps, thickets Ilex verticillata Moisture: M W berries on female plants, KEY white Soil type: C L S greenish white Soil type: C L S O forested wetlands need male plant to pollinate Moisture: D=Dry M=Moist W=Wet Height: 1.5-5' Light: full to partial sun Wild Bergamot fields, thickets, For a more comprehensive list of plants and information on this native garden, Flowers: Jun-Sep, Moisture: D M aromatic, herbal uses Soil type: C=Clay/fine-textured) L=Loamy/medium-textured) S=Sandy/coarse-textured O=Organic roadsides, forest edges Monarda fistulosa pink to purple Soil type: C L please visit www.DelawareEstuary.org and/or www.ocean.udel.edu/nativeplantgarden or call 1800-445-4935 ext. 100. Photos courtesy of Delaware Sea Grant.