Machine Learning Methods for Spectrum Exploration and Exploitation

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Machine Learning Methods for Spectrum Exploration and Exploitation Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics Aalto-DD Jan Oksanen Oksanen Jan 169 Machine learning methods / 2016 for spectrum exploration Machine learning methods for spectrum exploration and exploitation and exploitation Machine learning methods for spectrum exploration and exploitation Jan Oksanen 9HSTFMG*agjicb+ 9HSTFMG*agjicb+ ISBN 978-952-60-6982-1 (printed) BUSINESS + ISBN 978-952-60-6981-4 (pdf) ECONOMY ISSN-L 1799-4934 ISSN 1799-4934 (printed) ART + ISSN 1799-4942 (pdf) DESIGN + ARCHITECTURE University Aalto Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering SCIENCE + Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics TECHNOLOGY www.aalto.fi CROSSOVER DOCTORAL DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS DISSERTATIONS 2016 Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 169/2016 Machine learning methods for spectrum exploration and exploitation Jan Oksanen A doctoral dissertation completed for the degree of Doctor of Science (Technology) to be defended, with the permission of the Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering, at a public examination held at the lecture hall S3 of the school on the 30th of September 2016 at 12 noon. Aalto University School of Electrical Engineering Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics Supervising professor Prof. Visa Koivunen, Aalto University, Finland Thesis advisor Prof. Visa Koivunen, Aalto University, Finland Preliminary examiners Prof. Lifeng Lai, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, USA Prof. Osvaldo Simeone, New Jersey Institute of Technology, USA Opponents Prof. Rick S. Blum, Lehigh University, USA Prof. Jean-Marie Gorce, National Institute of Applied Sciences (INSA) Lyon, France Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 169/2016 © Jan Oksanen ISBN 978-952-60-6982-1 (printed) ISBN 978-952-60-6981-4 (pdf) ISSN-L 1799-4934 ISSN 1799-4934 (printed) ISSN 1799-4942 (pdf) http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-6981-4 Unigrafia Oy Helsinki 2016 Finland Abstract Aalto University, P.O. Box 11000, FI-00076 Aalto www.aalto.fi Author Jan Oksanen Name of the doctoral dissertation Machine learning methods for spectrum exploration and exploitation Publisher School of Electrical Engineering Unit Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics Series Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 169/2016 Field of research Signal processing for communications Manuscript submitted 18 May 2016 Date of the defence 30 September 2016 Permission to publish granted (date) 21 June 2016 Language English Monograph Article dissertation Essay dissertation Abstract The current rigid proprietary licensing of the radio spectrum has created a shortage of wireless bandwidth. Cognitive radios have the potential for more flexible spectrum sharing by means of opportunistic spectrum access (OSA). In OSA secondary spectrum users would be allowed to access licensed frequency bands unused either temporally or spatially by the incumbent users. In order to identify such spectrum opportunities, the secondary users need to employ spectrum sensing together with policies that guide the sensing and access over a possibly wide range of frequencies. These policies need to be adaptive to changing radio environments and be capable of learning from their past observations and actions. In this thesis theories and methods for reinforcement learning based sensing and access policies are developed. The policies stem from the reinforcement learning and multi-armed bandit literature and employ collaborative sensing for mitigating the effects of fading and interference. The thesis consists of 9 original publications and an introductory part providing an extensive overview of the existing body of work in the area of cognitive radios. A practical measure for spatial diversity in collaborative sensing is proposed. The diversity measure captures how gains from collaborative sensing tend to behave in practice: The gains come with diminishing returns as the number of collaborating sensors increases, and the gains are reduced when the sensors are experiencing correlated observations. Deterministic frequency hopping code design for collaborative spectrum exploration is developed. The codes are designed to guarantee a desired diversity order, i.e., a desired number of sensors per frequency band in order to gain from spatial diversity. The codes consider every possible collaborating sensor combinations with the desired diversity in minimum time. The codes can be used for managing spectrum sensing and access during the exploration phases of reinforcement learning based policies. A novel recency-based sensing policy deriving from the restless multi-armed bandit problem formulation of OSA is proposed. The policy is shown to attain asymptotically order optimal regret in unknown radio environments with time independent state-evolution and Markovian state-evolution. Computer simulations illustrate that the proposed policy offers an excellent trade-off between computational complexity and performance. Several collaborative sensing and access policies based on reinforcement learning are proposed. The policies allow trading off between sensing performance and other utilities, such as achieved data rate and energy efficiency. Fast heuristic approximation algorithms are proposed for computing near-optimal sensor assignments during the policy's exploitation periods. Keywords Cognitive radio, OSA, multi-armed bandit, reinforcement learning ISBN (printed) 978-952-60-6982-1 ISBN (pdf) 978-952-60-6981-4 ISSN-L 1799-4934 ISSN (printed) 1799-4934 ISSN (pdf) 1799-4942 Location of publisher Helsinki Location of printing Helsinki Year 2016 Pages 212 urn http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-6981-4 Tiivistelmä Aalto-yliopisto, PL 11000, 00076 Aalto www.aalto.fi Tekijä Jan Oksanen Väitöskirjan nimi Koneoppimismenetelmiä spektrin kartoittamiseen ja hyödyntämiseen Julkaisija Sähkötekniikan korkeakoulu Yksikkö Department of Signal Processing and Acoustics Sarja Aalto University publication series DOCTORAL DISSERTATIONS 169/2016 Tutkimusala Tietoliikenteen signaalinkäsittely Käsikirjoituksen pvm 18.05.2016 Väitöspäivä 30.09.2016 Julkaisuluvan myöntämispäivä 21.06.2016 Kieli Englanti Monografia Artikkeliväitöskirja Esseeväitöskirja Tiivistelmä Nykyinen joustamaton tapa lisensoida radiospektriä on johtanut siihen että uusien langattomien järjestelmien on yhä vaikeampi saada taajuuksia käyttöönsä. Kognitiivinen radio mahdollistaa tehokkaamman spektrin jakamisen sallimalla lisensoimattomien radiolaitteiden hyödyntää hetkellisesti tai paikallisesti vapaina olevia taajuuksia. Tunnistaakseen lähetysmahdollisuuksia kognitiivisella radiolaitteella tulee olla ilmaisumenetelmiä signaalien havaitsemiseen. Koska tutkittava taajuuskaista voi olla suuri, tarvitaan lisäksi oppivia käytäntöjä määrittämään spektrialueet joilta vapaita taajuuksia kannattaa etsiä. Tässä väitöskirjassa on tutkittu ja kehitetty oppivia käytäntöjä vapaan spektrin löytämiseen ja hyödyntämiseen kognitiivisissa radioverkoissa. Menetelmät perustuvat vahvistusoppimiseen sekä niin sanottuun monikätinen rosvo -ongelmanasetteluun. Lisäksi työssä hyödynnetään hajautetun spektrin aistinnan tuomia etuja. Väitöskirja koostuu 9 julkaisusta sekä tiivistelmäosasta joka sisältää laajan kirjallisuuskatsauksen aiheeseen. Työssä esitetään uusi suure spatiaalisen diversiteetin mittaamiseen. Diversiteettisuure kuvastaa hyvin hajautetusta spektrin aistinnasta saatavan hyödyn määrää. Esimerkiksi, hyödyillä on taipumus pienentyä ilmaisimien lukumäärän kasvaessa. Lisäksi hyödyt ovat sitä pienempiä mitä suurempi korrelaatio yhteistyössä olevien ilmaisimien välillä on. Väitöstyössä on kehitetty deterministinen taajuushyppelyyn perustuva spektrin aistintamenetelmä yhteistoiminnallisille kognitiivisille radioverkoille. Menetelmän avulla laaja taajuuskaista voidaan aistia nopeasti ja luotettavasti, siten että haluttu diversiteetti saavutetaan kullakin aistitulla taajuuskaistalla. Kehitetty taajuushyppelymenetelmä soveltuu erinomaisesti vahvistusoppimiseen perustuvien spektrin aistintakäytäntöjen kartoitusvaiheiden perustaksi. Monikätistä rosvo mallia hyödyntämällä työssä on kehitetty uudenlainen aikaeroihon perustuva spektrin aistintakäytäntö. Käytännön tuottaman kumulatiivisen palkkion ero optimaaliseen käytännön tuottamaan palkkioon voidaan osoittaa kasvavan asymptoottisesti logaritmisesti sekä riippumattomien että Markov ketjua noudattavien palkintojen tapauksissa. Menetelmä tarjoaa myös erinomaisen balanssin kompleksisuuden ja suorituskyvyn välillä verrattuna muihin kirjallisuudessa esitettyihin menetelmiin. Työssä on myös kehitetty useita vahvistusoppimiseen pohjautuvia käytäntöjä yhteistoiminnalliseen spektrin aistimiseen ja käyttöön. Näiden käytäntöjen avulla on mahdollista hyödyntää hajautettua spektrin aistintaa mm. tiedonsiirtonopeuden tai energiatehokkuuden kasvattamiseen. Työssä kehitettyjen nopeiden heurististen algoritmien avulla käytännöt löytävät lähes optimaalisia työnjakoja spektrin aistimiseen. Avainsanat Kognitiivinen radio, OSA, monikätinen rosvo -ongelma, vahvistusoppiminen ISBN (painettu) 978-952-60-6982-1 ISBN (pdf) 978-952-60-6981-4 ISSN-L 1799-4934 ISSN (painettu) 1799-4934 ISSN (pdf) 1799-4942 Julkaisupaikka Helsinki Painopaikka Helsinki Vuosi 2016 Sivumäärä 212 urn http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-60-6981-4 Preface The research for this thesis has been carried out at the Department of Sig- nal Processing and Acoustics in Aalto University, Finland. The work has been supervised by professor Visa Koivunen to whom I wish to express my deepest gratitude for being a superb advisor. Prof. Koivunen’s guidance
Recommended publications
  • 10Th IAAF World Championships in Athletics Helsinki (FIN) - Saturday, Aug 06, 2005 Shot Put - M QUALIFICATION Qual
    ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10th IAAF World Championships in Athletics Helsinki (FIN) - Saturday, Aug 06, 2005 Shot Put - M QUALIFICATION Qual. rule: qualification standard 20.25m or at least best 12 qualified. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Group A 06 August 2005 - 10:00 Position Bib Athlete Country Mark . 1 971 Christian Cantwell USA 21.11 Q . 2 200 Joachim Olsen DEN 20.85 Q . 3 75 Andrei Mikhnevich BLR 20.54 Q . 4 1012Adam Nelson USA 20.35 Q . 5 304 Tepa Reinikainen FIN 20.19 q . 6 727 Tomasz Majewski POL 20.12 q . 7 363 Carl Myerscough GBR 20.07 q . 8 774 Gheorghe Guset ROU 19.83 . 9 239 Manuel Martínez ESP 19.55 . 10 194 Petr Stehlík CZE 19.48 . 11 853 Miran Vodovnik SLO 19.28 . 12 838 Ivan Yushkov RUS 18.98 . 13 143 Marco Antonio Verni CHI 18.60 . 14 509 Dorian Scott JAM 18.33 . 840 Shaka Sola SAM DNS . Athlete 1st 2nd 3rd Christian Cantwell 21.11 Joachim Olsen 20.16 19.82 20.85 Andrei Mikhnevich 20.54 Adam Nelson X 20.35 Tepa Reinikainen 19.87 20.19 20.06 Tomasz Majewski 20.04 20.12 20.09 Carl Myerscough 19.88 20.07 19.68 Gheorghe Guset 19.44 19.60 19.83 Manuel Martínez 19.49 19.55 19.28 Petr Stehlík 18.98 19.48 X Miran Vodovnik 18.60 18.58 19.28 Ivan Yushkov 18.77 18.98 X Marco Antonio Verni X X 18.60 Dorian Scott 18.10 X 18.33 Shaka Sola Group B 06 August 2005 - 10:00 Position Bib Athlete Country Mark .
    [Show full text]
  • 2002 V1.1 Statistisch Jaarboek.Pdf
    Statistisch Jaarboek 2002 Statistisch Jaarboek 2002 - 1 - Statistisch Jaarboek 2002 Colofon Titel Statistisch Jaarboek 2002 Redactie Antoon de Groot Ton de Kleijn Wilmar Kortleever Philip Krul Remko Riebeek Anton Smeets Eindredactie en vormgeving Remko Riebeek Foto Soenar Chamid Koninklijke Nederlandse Atletiek Unie Floridalaan 2, 3404 WV IJsselstein Postbus 230, 3400 AE IJsselstein Telefoon (030) 6087300 Fax (030) 6043044 Internet: www.knau.nl E-mail KNAU: [email protected] E-mail Werkgroep Statistiek: [email protected] (voor correcties en aanvullingen) - 2 - Statistisch Jaarboek 2002 Inhoudsopgave Inhoudsopgave ............................................................................................................................... 3 Voorwoord ....................................................................................................................................... 4 Kroniek van het seizoen 2002 ........................................................................................................ 5 Nationale records gevestigd in 2002 ........................................................................................... 16 Nederlanders in de wereldranglijsten ......................................................................................... 19 Kampioenschappen, interlands en internationale wedstrijden ................................................ 21 Nederlandse Records ................................................................................................................... 64 Beste Prestaties ...........................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Lists N.No 42, All, 2002
    2002 IAAF World Indoor Lists No 42 updated as at 30 August 2002 Compiled by Ottavio Castellini Legenda IAAF Statistics & Documentation Manager A altitude h heat qf quarter-final Amendments will be gratefully received by sf semi-final Ottavio Castellini f final (E-mail address : [email protected]) r race Tel. (+377) 93 10 88 72 c competition Fax (+377) 93 25 09 00 q qualification = ex-aequo Monaco, 4 September 2002, 2 P.M. jo jump off jun junior pen pentathlon hep heptathlon dec decathlon U20 Under 20 U23 Under 23 ope open ext extra Inv Invitational Uni University Col Collegiate HS High School * = world record awaiting ratification IAAF Competitions Department MEN MEN 50 METRES ( WR 5.56 Donovan Bailey CAN Reno, NV, 09 Feb 1996 ) 55 METRES 5.62 Morne Nagel RSA 23 Mar 1978 1+h1 Liévin 24 Feb 2002 6.24 Aaron Armstrong USA 14 Oct 1977 2 Gainesville, FL 28 Feb 2002 5.62 Morne Nagel 1+ Liévin 24 Feb 2002 6.25 Anson Henry CAN 09 Mar 1979 1 Cheney, WA 19 Jan 2002 5.66 Brian Lewis USA 05 Dec 1974 2+h1 Liévin 24 Feb 2002 6.26 Eugene Lee USA 1983 2 r3 Boone, NC 06 Dec 2001 5.67 Gregory Saddler USA 29 Jun 1974 2+ Liévin 24 Feb 2002 6.26 DeMario Wesley USA 20 Apr 1980 1 r8 Lubbock, TX 25 Jan 2002 5.69 Nicolas Macrozonaris CAN 22 Aug 1980 1 Saskatoon 12 Jan 2002 6.26 Pierre Browne CAN 14 Jan 1980 1 r2 Gainesville, FL 10 Feb 2002 5.69 Gennadiy Chernovol KAZ 06 Jun 1976 4+ Liévin 24 Feb 2002 6.26 A Andre Ammons USA 17 Nov 1978 1 r5 Reno, NV 16 Feb 2002 5.73 Mickey Grimes USA 10 Oct 1976 1 r1 Los Angeles, CA 23 Feb 2002 6.26 Jason Green USA 27 Jul 1981
    [Show full text]
  • Field Measurements in Determining Incumbent Spectrum Utilization and Protection Criteria in Wireless Co-Existence Studies
    ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS A I 559 Juha Kalliovaara FIELD MEASUREMENTS IN DETERMINING INCUMBENT SPECTRUM UTILIZATION AND PROTECTION CRITERIA IN WIRELESS CO-EXISTENCE STUDIES Juha Kalliovaara ISBN 978-951-29-6824-4 (PRINT) , Finland 2017 Turku Painosalama Oy, ISBN 978-951-29-6825-1 (PDF) TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA – ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS ISSN 0082-7002 (Print) | ISSN 2343-3175 (Online) Sarja – ser. AI osa – tom. 559 | Astronomica – Chemica – Physica – Mathematica | Turku 2017 FIELD MEASUREMENTS IN DETERMINING INCUMBENT SPECTRUM UTILIZATION AND PROTECTION CRITERIA IN WIRELESS CO-EXISTENCE STUDIES Juha Kalliovaara TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA – ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS Sarja - ser. A I osa - tom. 559 | Astronomica - Chemica - Physica - Mathematica | Turku 2017 University of Turku Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Department of Future Technologies Supervised by Professor Jukka Heikkonen Dr. Tech. Jussi Poikonen Department of Future Technologies Department of Future Technologies University of Turku University of Turku FIN-20014 University of Turku FIN-20014 University of Turku Dr. Tech. Jarkko Paavola Turku University of Applied Sciences Joukahaisenkatu 3 FIN-20520 Turku Reviewed by Dr. Tech. Heidi Himmanen Professor Manuel Vélez The Finnish Communications Regulatory Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (EHU) Authority - FICORA Alda. Urkijo S/N 48013 Itämerenkatu 3A Bilbao, Spain FIN-00180 Helsinki Opponent Dr. David Gómez-Barquero Universitat Politècnica de València Campus de Vera, Camí Vera,
    [Show full text]
  • (SWE) - 7/13.8.2006 HOMBRES Elim.4 (-1,3): 1
    19º Campeonato de Europa, Gotemburgo (SWE) - 7/13.8.2006 HOMBRES Elim.4 (-1,3): 1. Yepishin 10.40 - 2. Kankarafou 10.45 - 3. Jedrusinski 10.47 - 4. Zumer 10.48 - 5. 100m Tyrone Edgar GBR 10.51 - 6. Daniel Abenzoar- 1ª RONDA - Eliminatorias (7) - clasifican 4 pri- Foule LUX 10.59 - 7. Andreas Baumann SUI 10.65 meros de cada serie + 8 mejores tiempos - 8. Iván Mocholí ESP 10.67 Elim.1 (+0,7): 1. Edgar 10.32 - 2. Chyla 10.42 - 3. Ostwald 10.42 - 4. Smirnov 10.51 - 5. Németh SEMIFINALES (8) - clasifican 4 primeros de 10.52 - 6. Baumann 10.58 - 7. Naum Mitreski MKD cada serie 11.12 - ... Konstyantyn Vasyukov UKR desc Sf.1 (+1,5): 1. Yepishin 10.12 - 2. Pognon 10.14 (162.7) - 3. Kuc 10.23 - 4. Chambers 10.25 - 5. Anatoliy Elim.2 (+0,7): 1. Pognon 10.26 - 2. Dovhal Dovhal UKR 10.27 - 6. Lukasz Chyla POL 10.30 - 10.33 - 3. Tran 10.50 - 4. Wijmeersch 10.55 - 5. 7. Ángel David Rodríguez ESP 10.33 - 8. Jan Verdecchia 10.57 - 6. Matjaz Borovina SLO 10.74 Zumer SLO 10.43 - 7. Tai Mor ISR 10.78 Sf.2 (+1,0): 1. Obikwelu 10.19 - 2. Osovnikar Elim.3 (+0,6): 1. Lewis-Francis 10.37 - 2. Jedru- 10.23 - 3. Lewis-Francis 10.30 - 4. Ostwald 10.40 sinski 10.45 - 3. Ruostekivi 10.47 - 4. Zumer 10.50 - 5. Marcin Jedrusinski POL 10.43 - 6. Oudere - 5. Rypdal 10.52 - 6. Donati 10.55 - 7.
    [Show full text]
  • 6Wdwlvwlfv +Dqgerrn
    Statistics Handbook 14 - 17 July 2011, Ostrava www.ostrava2011.com City Stadium Ostrava-Vtkovice EUROPEAN RECORDS U23 MEN 100 m 9.97 Dwain CHAMBERS GBR 1978 22.08.1999 Sevilla 100 m 9.97 + Christophe LEMAITRE FRA 1990 29.08.2010 Rieti 200 m 20.19 Christian MALCOLM GBR 1979 27.09.2000 Sydney 400 m 44.33 Thomas SCHÖNLEBE GDR 1965 03.09.1987 Roma 800 m 1:42.47 Yuriy BORZAKOVSKIY RUS 1981 24.08.2001 Bruxelles 1000 m 2:15.45 Mehdi BAALA FRA 1978 08.07.2000 Nice 1500 m 3:30.88 Rui SILVA POR 1977 11.08.1999 Zürich 1 mile 3:50.91 Rui SILVA POR 1977 07.07.1999 Roma 3000 m 7:37.50 Morhad AMDOUNI FRA 1988 17.07.2009 Saint-Denis 5000 m 13:10.40 Hansjörg KUNZE GDR 1959 09.09.1981 Rieti 10000 m 28:18.18 Vasiliy MATVIYCHUK UKR 1982 04.07.2004 Yalta 3000 m St. 8:10.83 Günther WEIDLINGER AUT 1978 21.08.1999 Sevilla 110 m Hurd. 12.97 Ladji DOUCOURE FRA 1983 15.07.2005 Angers 400 m Hurd. 47.85 Harald SCHMID FRG 1957 04.08.1979 Torino High Jump 2.42 Patrik SJÖBERG SWE 1965 30.06.1987 Stockholm Pole Vault 6.00 Sergey BUBKA URS 1963 13.07.1985 Paris Long Jump 8.86 Robert EMMIYAN URS 1965 22.05.1987 Tsakhkadzor Triple Jump 17.98 + Teddy TAMGHO FRA 1989 12.06.2010 New York Shot Put 20.94 Edis ELKAŠEVI 5 CRO 1983 23.06.2005 Velenje Discus 68.60 Wolfgang SCHMIDT GDR 1954 21.05.1976 Köln Hammer 81.70 Olli-Pekka KARJALAINEN FIN 1980 16.07.2002 Lahti Javelin 89.58 Steve BACKLEY GBR 1969 02.07.1990 Stockholm Decathlon 8617 Andrey KRAVCHENKO BLR 1986 26.05.2007 Götzis (10.68-7.90-13.89-2.15-47.46-14.05-39.63-5.00-64.35-4:29.10) 20 km Walk 1:17:16 Vladimir KANAYKIN
    [Show full text]
  • DAF I Tal 1997
    J E l Udføres naturligvis af den eneste rådgivende ingeniør i Danmark, der udelukkende beskæftiger sig med projektering af idrætsanlæg. STADION REFERENCER: • Frederiksberg Stadion, 1982-83. • Esbjerg Atletikstadion, 1983-84. • Østerbro Stadion, København, 1985.Arhus Stadion, 1985. • Gundsø Stadion, Jyllinge, 1986-88. • Herlev Stadion, 1987-88. • Randers Atletikstadion, 1987-88. • Toftir Atletikstadion, Færørerne, 1988-89. • Toftir Fodboldstadion, Færøerne, 1990-91. • Rudegaard Stadion, Holte, 1989-90. • Haslev Stadion, Fodboldstadion, 1989-90. • Den jyske ldrætsskole, Vejle,Hockeystadion, 1989-90. • Høje Bøge Stadion, Svendborg, 1991-93. • Roskilde Atletikstadion, 1992-94. • Idrættens Hus, Brøndby, Kunstgræsfodboldbane, 1992-93. • Rønne Stadion, 1994-96. • Silkeborg Landsstævnestadion 1995-96. • Selskov Stadion, Hillerød, 1995-97 • Holbæk Stadion 1996- JØRGEN LILHOLM PETERSEN rådg. ingeniør- og konsulentfirma aps torvet 6, dk-41 00 ring sted tlf. 53 61 63 23- fax. 53 61 94 89 1 FORSIDEN: l de sidste par år kan man vel med rette sige, at Wilson Kipkeler har været "kongen" på BOOm. l Danmark har vi dog en rigtig kronprins, der en dag bliver en rigtig konge. Kronprins Frederik (Frederik Andre Henrik Christian • 26.05.68), som her ses ved årets 1900-stafet, har ved flere lejligheder gæstet danske motionsløb. Kronprinsen har et par gange deltaget i 1900 stafetten, første gang mens han gik på universitetet i Århus, på holdet "Magtens rugekasse", og nu sidst med frømandskollegaerne. Han har deltaget i AGF s DHL-stafet, der foregår kun 100m fra Marselisborg slot, nemlig i Mindeparken, og endelig havde han sin debut i Eremitageløbet i 1988. Derudover har kronprinsen gennemført 5 marathonløb. 2 i København , 2 i New York samt det store bromarathonløb ved Taulov.
    [Show full text]
  • Tuesday 11:00
    Tuesday 11:00 - 12:40 – Room: Balmoral MH-CC: Multi-Hop Collaborative data NET12: Multi-hop Networks I Communication in WSNs; A feasibility study Behnam Banitalebi (Karlsruhe Institute of Joint Routing and Power Allocation Optimization Technology, Germany) in Outage Constrained Multihop Wireless Networks Multi-objective evolving neural network Sabyasachi Gupta (Indian Institute of Technology supporting SDR modulations management Delhi, India); Ranjan Bose (Indian Institute of Valeria Loscrì (University of Calabria, Italy); Technology, India) Pasquale Pace (University of Calabria, Italy); Rosario Surace (University of Calabria, Italy) Two-way Opportunistic Relaying Systems: Performance and Optimization in Rayleigh Fading Partner Selection for Decode-and-forward Environments Cooperative Relaying: A Matching Theoretic Kais Ben Fredj (Universite of Quebec & INRS-EMT, Approach Canada); Salama Said Ikki (Newcastle University & Cengis Hasan (INRIA & INSA Lyon CITI Laboratory, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, France); Eitan Altman (INRIA, France); Jean-Marie United Kingdom); Sonia Aïssa (INRS, University of Gorce (INSA-Lyon, France) Quebec, Canada) Analysis of Cooperative Communication Spatial Spectrally Efficient Error Free Relay Forwarding in Modulation with Imperfect Channel Estimation Cooperative Multihop Networks Raed Mesleh (University of Tabuk, Saudi Arabia); Ashish James (Nanyang Technological University, Salama Said Ikki (Newcastle University & School of Singapore); A S Madhukumar (Nanyang Electrical and Electronic Engineering,
    [Show full text]
  • Transnational Death
    Transnational Death Edited by Samira Saramo, Eerika Koskinen-Koivisto and Hanna Snellman Studia Fennica Ethnologica Studia Fennica Ethnologica 17 The Finnish Literature Society (SKS) was founded in 1831 and has, from the very beginning, engaged in publishing operations. It nowadays publishes literature in the fields of ethnology and folkloristics, linguistics, literary research and cultural history. The first volume of the Studia Fennica series appeared in 1933. Since 1992, the series has been divided into three thematic subseries: Ethnologica, Folkloristica and Linguistica. Two additional subseries were formed in 2002, Historica and Litteraria. The subseries Anthropologica was formed in 2007. In addition to its publishing activities, the Finnish Literature Society maintains research activities and infrastructures, an archive containing folklore and literary collections, a research library and promotes Finnish literature abroad. Studia Fennica Editorial Board Editors-in-chief Pasi Ihalainen, Professor, University of Jyväskylä, Finland Timo Kallinen, Professor, University of Eastern Finland Laura Visapää, Title of Docent, University Lecturer, University of Helsinki, Finland Riikka Rossi, Title of Docent, University Researcher, University of Helsinki, Finland Katriina Siivonen, Title of Docent, University Teacher, University of Turku, Finland Karina Lukin, Postdoctoral Researcher, Dr. Phil, University of Helsinki, Finland Deputy editors-in-chief Anne Heimo, Title of Docent, University of Turku, Finland Saija Isomaa, Professor, University of Tampere, Finland Sari Katajala-Peltomaa, Title of Docent, Researcher, University of Tampere, Finland Eerika Koskinen-Koivisto, Postdoctoral Researcher, Dr. Phil., University of Helsinki, Finland Salla Kurhila, Title of Docent, University Lecturer, University of Helsinki, Finland Kenneth Sillander, Adjunct Professor, University of Helsinki, Finland Tuomas M. S. Lehtonen, Secretary General, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Biomechanical Analysis of the Pole Vault at the 2005 IAAF World Championships in Athletics
    © by IAAF Biomechanical analysis of the 22:2; 29-45, 2007 pole vault at the 2005 IAAF World Championships in Athletics Extracts from the Final Report By Falk Schade, Juha Isolehto, Adamantios Arampatzis, Gert-Peter Brüggemann and Paavo Komi Falk Schade is a biomechanical To improve understanding of the analyst at the German Olympic biomechanics of elite pole vault- Training Centre Cologne-Bonn-Lev- ing and develop practical sugges- erkusen, Germany. tions to support the members of Juha Isolehto is a scientific at the the pole vault community in their Neuromuscular Research Center at daily work, the IAAF commis- the University of Jyväskylä, Finland. sioned a study of the event at the Prof Adamantios Arampatzis is the 2005 IAAF World Championships Vice Director of the Institute for in Athletics in Helsinki. The proj- Biomechanics and Orthopedics, ect team collected data from the German Sport University of Cologne men’s and women’s competitions in Cologne, Germany. plus the pole vault event in the decathlon. Their study included Prof. Gert-Peter Brüggemann is the the highlight of the three compe- Director of the Institute for Biome- titions – the women’s world chanics and Orthopaedics at the record 5.01m set by Yelena Isin- German Sport University in Cologne. bayeva (RUS). A preliminary Prof. Paavo Komi is the Director of report was published in NSA in the Neuromuscular Research Center AUTHORS 2006. This article, extracted from at the University of Jyväskylä, Fin- the final report, provides an land overview of the main results obtained and
    [Show full text]