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Chapter 9 the Jefferson Era (1800-1816)

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Chapter 9 the Jefferson Era (1800-1816) How appealing is the idea of packing up all of your belongings and moving to a new area? A. Very appealing B. Somewhat appealing A. A C. Somewhat unappealing B. B D. Very unappealing C. C D. D Chapter 9 The Jefferson Era (1800-1816) Section 2 The Louisiana Purchase How did the Louisiana Purchase affect the nation’s economy and politics? Moving West • Settlers started moving west into Kentucky and Tennessee • Some to the little settled Northwest Territory • They loaded their household goods into Conestoga wagons • They traveled with their two most valued possessions • Rifles and axes The US in 1800 • Extended only as far west as Mississippi • West of the river was the Louisiana Territory • This area belonged to Spain • Settlers along the Mississippi river used the river to take their goods to New Orleans and then the East Coast • The Spanish allowed the Americans to use the lower Mississippi and trade in New Orleans • This allowed the western farmers to survive economically The French Threat • 1802- The Spanish said the US could no longer use New Orleans • Jefferson confirmed that Spain secretly gave Louisiana to France • This would hurt the US greatly economically • France’s leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, had plans to create empires in Europe and the Americas • Jefferson told Robert Livingston, the new minister to France, to offer as much as $10 million for New Orleans and West Florida Why did French control of the Louisiana Territory worry Jefferson? A. He worried Napoleon would try to start a war with the United States. B. He feared France’s alliance with Native American tribes C. He worried that the farmers along the Mississippi would not be able to send their A. A goods to New Orleans for trade with East Coast markets. B. B D. He had a secret deal with the Spanish to expand the United States’ C. C border west of the Mississippi. D. D Revolt in Santo Domingo • Napoleon saw Santo Domingo as an important Caribbean naval base from which he could control an American empire • But, the ideas of the French Revolution inspired enslaved Africans to revolt against the island’s plantation owners • Toussaint-Louverture led the rebels • The rebels won and declared the colony an independent republic • 1802- Napoleon sent troops to regain control, but were not successful • The country is now called Haiti The Nation Expands • Without Santo Domingo, Napoleon had little use for Louisiana • Napoleon did need money to finance his war with Britain • The French were ready to sell Louisiana • French foreign minister Charles de Talleyrand and American diplomats made a deal to sell Louisiana • For $15 million Which factor prompted Napoleon’s decision to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States? A. The movement of American settlers west B. France’s plans to go to war against Russia A. A C. The loss of the naval base at Santo Domingo B. B D. Spain’s refusal to allow C. C American goods to move into or past New Orleans D. D The Louisiana Purchase • Provided cheap and abundant land for farmers • Gave US control of the Mississippi River • Jefferson worried if the purchase was legal • The Constitution said nothing about acquiring new territory • By what authority could Jefferson justify the purchase? More of the Louisiana Purchase • Livingston wrote from Paris and told Jefferson to accept the deal before Napoleon changed his mind • Jefferson decided that the government’s treaty making powers allowed the purchase • October 1803, the Senate approve the purchase • The US doubled in size The Louisiana Territory • Little was known about the Louisiana Purchase • Jefferson persuaded Congress to sponsor an expedition • Jefferson wanted to know what animals and plants were there • Also where forts could be set up • The expedition was to look for the Northwest Passage Leaders of the Expedition • Jefferson chose Meriwether Lewis, a 28 year old soldier • The co-leader was William Clark, a 32 year old friend of Lewis • Both were amateur scientists and conducted business with Native Americans • Together they assembled a crew of expert river men, gunsmiths, carpenters, scouts, and a cook • Two men of mixed Native American and French heritage served as interpreters • Clark brought his African American servant named York The Lewis and Clark Expedition • Actually called the Corps of Discovery • Set out from St. Louis in spring of 1804 • Lewis and Clark kept journals and notes of what they saw • The group encountered many Native American groups • One young Shoshone woman named Sacagawea joined the group as a guide Lewis and Clark • After 18 months and almost 4,000 miles, Lewis and Clark reached the Pacific Ocean • The expedition returned in September 1806 • Lewis and Clark gathered valuable information about the West • Their journey inspired people to move westward Pike’s Expedition • Jefferson sent others to explore the Louisiana area as well • Lieutenant Zebulon Pike led two expeditions between 1805 and 1807 • Explored present day Colorado • Found what he called Grand Peak… Today it is called- • Pike’s Peak • Americans learned about the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains • Pike also mapped part of the Rio Grande and traveled into what is now Texas Federalists Plan to Secede • Federalist feared the new states formed from the Louisiana Purchase would be Republican • The Federalists would lose power • A group of Federalists in Massachusetts plotted to secede from the Union • New England would be the “Northern Confederacy” • The plotters needed New York to join and they turned to Aaron Burr • The Federalists gave Burr their support when he ran for governor of New York in 1804 Burr and Hamilton • Hamilton never trusted Burr • Hamilton was now concerned about rumors of secession • Hamilton accused Burr of plotting treason • Burr blamed Hamilton for losing the election • Burr challenged Hamilton to a duel Burr and Hamilton’s Duel • July 1804 • Both were armed with pistols • Hamilton pledged not to shoot at his rival • Burr aimed to kill Hamilton • Shots fire • Hamilton is shot and died the next day • Burr fled to avoid arrest How did the Louisiana Purchase affect the nation’s economy and politics? – It secured the Mississippi trade route – Provided cheap, abundant land for farming – Raised fears of increased support for the Republicans which, in turn, caused some federalists to call for secession Chapter 9 Section 2 Quiz Before it was transferred in 1802, the Louisiana Territory belonged to A. Louisiana. B. Spain. C. the United States. D. France. After it was secretly transferred, the Louisiana Territory belonged to A. Louisiana. B. Spain. C. the United States. D. France. The size of the United States was doubled with A. the adoption of New Orleans. B. Zebulon Pike's expedition. C. the expedition of Lewis and Clark. D. the Louisiana Purchase. The Grand Peak was named by the explorer A. Meriwether Lewis. B. Sacagawea. C. Zebulon Pike. D. William Clark. What politician died as a result of a duel? A. Thomas Jefferson B. Alexander Hamilton C. John Adams D. Aaron Burr .
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