Gr List of MEDICAL OFFICERS
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Prof. Asis Datta (Ph.D., D.Sc., FNA, Fasc., Fnasc, FTWAS) Is Distinguished Scientist at National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
Brief Biodata Professor Asis Datta Distinguished Emeritus Scientist, Formerly: Founder Director and Professor of Eminence, National Institute of Plant Genome Research and Vice Chancellor, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi) National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR) Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, JNU Campus, New Delhi- 110067 E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Phone No. (Off) 91-11-26742750, 26735119 Fax 91-11-26741759 Prof. Asis Datta (Ph.D., D.Sc., FNA, FASc., FNASc, FTWAS) is Distinguished Scientist at National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India. He has been Vice-Chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University (JNU), Professor of Eminence and Founder Director of National Institute of Plant Genome Research (2002-2008). Professor Asis Datta has done pioneering work in the field of molecular biology. His individual and group achievements in the field of molecular biology and genetic engineering have been spectacular and have secured for him a unique position in several areas of frontier research. Professor Datta is known for his work on the pathogenic yeast, Candida albicans as a model system, which opened up the possibility of designing a therapy to combat candidiasis. In addition, the scientific/research contributions have been vital in areas of food/nutritional security and Use of genetically modified food. His group is known for pioneering contributions in molecular biology and identification and manipulation of novel genes leading to the production of transgenics of high societal value. Professor Asis Datta has researched and taught at many internationally respected institutions. He has been making contributions in basic and applied Biochemistry and Molecular Biology for more than three decades with several publications in international journals and with Indian and US patents. -
Khadi Institution Profile Khadi and Village Industries
KHADI AND VILLAGE INDUSTRIES COMISSION KHADI INSTITUTION PROFILE Office Name : SO KOLKATA WEST BENGAL Institution Code : 3358 Institution Name : RESHAM KUTIR SILPA Address: : BAMON GRAM Post : BAMON GRAM City/Village : MALDA Pincode : 732206 State : WEST BENGAL District : MALDAH Aided by : KVIC District : A+ Contact Person Name Email ID Mobile No. Chairman : MD. SALAUDDIN [email protected] 9851981898 Secretary : Nodal Officer : Registration Detail Registration Date Registration No. Registration Type 01-01-1984 3358 SOC Khadi Certificate No. BGL/3555 Date : 31-MAR_2021 Khadi Mark No. Khadi Mark Dt. Sales Outlet Details Type Name Address City Pincode Sales Outlet KHADI GRAMODYOG BAMONGRAM,LAL MALDA 732206 BHAVAN BAZAR, Sales Outlet KHADI GRAMODYOG NABARUN,FARAKKA FARAKKA 742236 BHAVAN Infrastructure Details Infrastructure Type Description in No. Remarks CHARKHA DESI CHARKHA 11 CHARKHA 6 Spindle Charkha 70 Loom Traditional Loom 52 Land Details Structure Land / Building Market Value Street Village District Area Details (in Rs.) Bamon Gram, Kaliachak, BAMON GRAM land LAND&BUILDG. 8.25 dec. malda Bamon Gram, Kaliachak, BAMON GRAM land LAND&BUILDG. 8.25 dec. Malda Bamon Gram, Kaliachak, BAMON GRAM land LAND&BUILDG. 11-3/4 dec, Malda Artisan Details 29 September 2021 Page 1 of 2 Artisan Type No. of Artisan TOTAL ARTISANS: 577 Wet Processing Artisan 6 Weaver 124 Spinner 363 Sales Karyakarta 2 Production Karyakarta 3 Pre Spinner 5 Others 74 Products Details Stock Value Main Group Sub Group Product Name SILK KHADI SAREES SAREE 107,500.00 -
(Public Section) Padma Awards Directory (1954-2009) Year-Wise List Sl
MINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS (Public Section) Padma Awards Directory (1954-2009) Year-Wise List Sl. Prefix First Name Last Name Award State Field Remarks 1954 1 Dr. Sarvapalli Radhakrishnan BR TN Public Affairs Expired 2 Shri Chakravarti Rajagopalachari BR TN Public Affairs Expired 3 Dr. Chandrasekhara Raman BR TN Science & Eng. Expired Venkata 4 Shri Nand Lal Bose PV WB Art Expired 5 Dr. Satyendra Nath Bose PV WB Litt. & Edu. 6 Dr. Zakir Hussain PV AP Public Affairs Expired 7 Shri B.G. Kher PV MAH Public Affairs Expired 8 Shri V.K. Krishna Menon PV KER Public Affairs Expired 9 Shri Jigme Dorji Wangchuk PV BHU Public Affairs 10 Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha PB MAH Science & Eng. Expired 11 Dr. Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar PB UP Science & Eng. Expired 12 Shri Mahadeva Iyer Ganapati PB OR Civil Service 13 Dr. J.C. Ghosh PB WB Science & Eng. Expired 14 Shri Maithilisharan Gupta PB UP Litt. & Edu. Expired 15 Shri Radha Krishan Gupta PB DEL Civil Service Expired 16 Shri R.R. Handa PB PUN Civil Service Expired 17 Shri Amar Nath Jha PB UP Litt. & Edu. Expired 18 Shri Malihabadi Josh PB DEL Litt. & Edu. 19 Dr. Ajudhia Nath Khosla PB DEL Science & Eng. Expired 20 Shri K.S. Krishnan PB TN Science & Eng. Expired 21 Shri Moulana Hussain Madni PB PUN Litt. & Edu. Ahmed 22 Shri V.L. Mehta PB GUJ Public Affairs Expired 23 Shri Vallathol Narayana Menon PB KER Litt. & Edu. Expired Wednesday, July 22, 2009 Page 1 of 133 Sl. Prefix First Name Last Name Award State Field Remarks 24 Dr. -
Nominations for Different “Academy Awards/Lectures/ Medals”
The National Academy of Sciences, India (NASI) 5, Lajpatrai Road, Prayagraj – 211002 Prof. Paramjit Khurana Ph.D., FNA, FASc, FNAAS, FTWAS, FNASc Prof. Satya Deo Ph.D. (Arkansas, USA), F.N.A.Sc. General Secretaries June 15, 2021 Subject : Nominations for different “Academy Awards/Lectures/Medals” Dear Fellows, I request you to kindly send nominations for the following “Academy Awards/Lectures/Medals”– 1. Prof. Meghnad Saha Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 2. Prof. N.R. Dhar Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 3. Prof. Archana Sharma Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 4. Prof. M.G.K. Menon Lecture Award (2021) 5. Prof. M.G.K. Menon Memorial Award (2021) 6. Prof. V. P. Sharma Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 7. Prof. A.K. Sharma Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 8. Prof. Prafulla Chandra Ray Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 9. Prof. S.K. Joshi Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 10. Prof. A.C. Banerji Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 11. Dr. B.P. Pal Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 12. Dr. P. Sheel Memorial (Young Women Scientist) Lecture Award (2021) 13. Prof. B.K. Bachhawat Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 14. Prof. U.S. Srivastava Memorial Lecture Award (2021) 15. Lecture Award in the field of Biodiversity (2021) 16. NASI-Buti Foundation Lecture Award (2021) The nomination papers duly completed in all respect should be emailed to NASI on [email protected] latest by July 15, 2021. No hard copy is required for this year; kindly send the nomination on aforesaid email only (not on any other email id of NASI). The copy of Regulations regarding these Academy Awards/Lectures/Medals and the names of past recipients are enclosed. -
Minority Concentration District Project Haorah, West Bengal
Minority Concentration District Project Haorah, West Bengal Sponsored by the Ministry of Minority Affairs Government of India Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta R1, Baishnabghata Patuli Township Kolkata 700 094, INDIA. Tel.: (91) (33) 2462-7252, -5794, -5795 Fax: (91) (33) 24626183 E-mail: [email protected] Research Team Faculty: Prof. Partha Chatterjee, Dr. Pranab Kumar Das, Dr. Sohel Firdos, Dr. Saibal Kar, Dr. Surajit C. Mukhopadhyay, Prof. Sugata Marjit. Research Associate: Smt. Ruprekha Chowdhury. Research Assistants: Shri Dhritiman Bhattacharya, Smt. Anindita Chakraborty, Shri Pallab Das, Shri Avik Sankar Moitra, Shri Ganesh Naskar and Shri Abhik Sarkar. Acknowledgment The research team at the CSSSC would like to thank Shri G. C. Manna, Deputy Director General, NSSO, Dr. Bandana Sen, Joint Director, NSSO, Shri Pawan Agarwal, Principal Secretary, MDW & ME, Shri A. Khaleque, Director & E.O. Joint Secretary, MDW, Shri A.A. Siddiqui, Joint Secretary MDW, Shri S.N. Pal, Director & E.O. Joint Secretary, Madrasah Education, Shri Arfan Ali Biswas, CEO, Board of Wakfs, Mr. Tanvir Afzal, General Manager, and Mr. Raktim Nag, Manager-Systems, West Bengal Minorities Development & Finance Corporation, Bhavani Bhavan, Kolkata and Shri, Khalil Ahmed, District Magistrate of Haorah and other department officials for their generous support and assistance in our work. 1 Content An Overview…………………………………………………...4 Significance of the Project……………………………………5 The Survey ……..…………………………………………….7 Methodology…………………………………………………..8 Introducing West Bengal……………………………………9 Haorah………………………………………………………10 Demography…………………………………………………10 Selected Villages in Respective Blocks……………………..11 Findings……………………………………………………...12 1. Basic Amenities……………………………………..12 2. Education……………………………………………17 3. Occupation…………………………………………..27 4. Health………………………………………………..31 5. Infrastructure……………………………………….36 6. Awareness about Government Schemes……….…36 7. -
List of Life Members As on 20Th January 2021
LIST OF LIFE MEMBERS AS ON 20TH JANUARY 2021 10. Dr. SAURABH CHANDRA SAXENA(2154) ALIGARH S/O NAGESH CHANDRA SAXENA POST HARDNAGANJ 1. Dr. SAAD TAYYAB DIST ALIGARH 202 125 UP INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOTECHNOLOGY [email protected] UNIT, ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH 202 002 11. Dr. SHAGUFTA MOIN (1261) [email protected] DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY J. N. MEDICAL COLLEGE 2. Dr. HAMMAD AHMAD SHADAB G. G.(1454) ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY 31 SECTOR OF GENETICS ALIGARH 202 002 DEPT. OF ZOOLOGY ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY 12. SHAIK NISAR ALI (3769) ALIGARH 202 002 DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCE 3. Dr. INDU SAXENA (1838) ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY, ALIGARH 202 002 HIG 30, ADA COLONY [email protected] AVANTEKA PHASE I RAMGHAT ROAD, ALIGARH 202 001 13. DR. MAHAMMAD REHAN AJMAL KHAN (4157) 4/570, Z-5, NOOR MANZIL COMPOUND 4. Dr. (MRS) KHUSHTAR ANWAR SALMAN(3332) DIDHPUR, CIVIL LINES DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY ALIGARH UP 202 002 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU MEDICAL COLLEGE [email protected] ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH 202 002 14. DR. HINA YOUNUS (4281) [email protected] INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOTECHNOLOGY UNIT ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY 5. Dr. MOHAMMAD TABISH (2226) ALIGARH U.P. 202 002 DEPT. OF BIOCHEMISTRY [email protected] FACULTY OF LIFE SCIENCES ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY 15. DR. IMTIYAZ YOUSUF (4355) ALIGARH 202 002 DEPT OF CHEMISTRY, [email protected] ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY, ALIGARH, UP 202002 6. Dr. MOHAMMAD AFZAL (1101) [email protected] DEPT. OF ZOOLOGY [email protected] ALIGARH MUSLIM UNIVERSITY ALIGARH 202 002 ALLAHABAD 7. Dr. RIAZ AHMAD(1754) SECTION OF GENETICS 16. -
Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi
Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi The Annual Quality Assurance Report (AQAR) of the Internal Quality Assurance Cell (IQAC) st th (1 July 2016 to 30 June 2017) 14995_AQAR_2016-2017_Jawaharlal Nehru University_New Delhi Page 1 of 140 All NAAC accredited institutions will submit an annual self-reviewed progress report to NAAC, through its IQAC. The report is to detail the tangible results achieved in key areas, specifically identified by the institutional IQAC at the beginning of the academic year. The AQAR will detail the results of the perspective plan worked out by the IQAC. (Note: The AQAR period would be the Academic Year. For example, July 1, 2012 to June 30, 2013) Part – A AQAR for the year July 2016 – June 2017 1. Details of the Institution 1.1 Name of the Institution Jawaharlal Nehru University 1.2 Address Line 1 Administrative Building Address Line 2 New Mehrauli Road City/Town New Delhi State Delhi Pin Code 110067 Institution e-mail address [email protected] Contact Nos. 011-26704090 Name of the Head of the Institution: Prof. M. Jagadesh Kumar Vice Chancellor Tel. No. with STD Code: 011-26704001 Mobile: - 14995_AQAR_2016-2017_Jawaharlal Nehru University_New Delhi Page 2 of 140 Name of the IQAC Co-ordinator: Prof. Atul Kumar Johri Director (IQAC) Mobile: - [email protected] IQAC e-mail address: 1.3 NAAC Track ID (For ex. MHCOGN 18879) 14995 1.4 NAAC Executive Committee No. & Date: 05.07.2012 (For Example EC/32/A&A/143 dated 3-5-2004. This EC no. is available in the right corner- bottom of your institution’s Accreditation Certificate) 1.5 Website address: jnu.ac.in Web-link of the AQAR: https://jnu.ac.in/iqac_reports For ex. -
West Bengal Bikash Bidhan Nagar, Calc Antiual Report 1999-2000
r Department of School Education A Government of West Bengal Bikash Bidhan Nagar, Calc Antiual Report 1999-2000 Department of School Education Government of West Bengal Bikash Bhavan Bidhan Nagar, Calcutta-700 091 \amtuu of B4u«tcioQ«t PiittQiai «a4 A4niMttriti«o. ll^ ii Sri A«ir»kBdo M«rg, ! X a n i i C S i s w a s Minister-in-charge DEPT. OF EDUCATION (PRIMARY, SECONDARY AND MADRASAH) & DEPT. OF REFUGEE RELIEF AND REHABILITATION Government of West Bengal Dated, Calcutta 28.6.2000 FOREWORD It is a matter of satisfaction to me that 4th Annual Report of the Department of School Education, Government of West Bengal is being presented to all concerned who are interested to know the facts and figures of the system and achievements of the Department. The deficiencies which were revealed in the last 3 successive reports have been tried to be overcome in this report. The figures in relation to all sectors of School Education Department have been updated. All sorts of efforts have been taken in preparation of this Annual Report sO that the report may be all embracing in respect of various information of this Department. All the facts and figures in respect of achievement of Primary Education including the District Primary Education Programme have been incorporated in this Report. The position of Secondary School have been clearly adumbrated in this issue. At the same time, a large number of X-class High Schools which have been upgraded to Higher Secondary Schools (XI-XII) have also been mentioned in this Report. -
Wt4ltr Deputy Secretar5r (DAS) Phone: O 1 1-2338 1O1, 2Ggststs
F. No.: 41912015- PMU(DASI Ministry of Informatlon and Broadeasting Shastri Bhawan, New Delhi **** Date: 2td November, 2015 hrblic Notice Reference list of urban areas to be covered in phase III of cable TV digitisation, which was issued by the Ministry on 30.4.2015. The updated list of urban areas for 16 States/UTs has been notified vide Rrblic Notice dated 16. 10.2015 Now, based on comments/data received from the State/UT Governments, the list of the following States/UTs has been updated; 1. Andhra Pradesh 2. Chhattisgarh 3. Jammu & Kashmir 4. Kerala 5. Madhya Pradesh 6. Manipur 7. Telengana 8. Daman & Diu 2. A copy of the updated list of these States/UTs is attached. Wt4ltr Deputy Secretar5r (DAS) Phone: O 1 1-2338 1O1, 2ggSTSTs 2ND UPDATED URBAN AREAS LIST FOR PHASE III OF CABLE TV DIGITISATION Andhra Pradesh S.No. Districts Urban Areas TV Households Remarks 1 Srikakulam Srikakulam (M + OG) 28,149 Palasa Kasibugga (M) 9,706 Ichchapuram (M) 6,242 Sompeta (CT) *Deleted Hiramandalam (CT) *Deleted Upgraded Palakonda 3,349 Tekkali (CT) *Deleted Rajam (NP) 7,367 Amadalavalasa (M) 6,844 Narasannapeta (CT) *Deleted Balaga (CT) *Deleted Ponduru (CT) *Deleted 2 Vizianagaram Parvathipuram (M) 9,382 Bobbili (M) 10,337 Salur (M) 8,644 Gajapathinagaram (CT) *Deleted Sriramnagar (CT) *Deleted Cheepurupalle (CT) *Deleted Tummikapalle (CT) *Deleted Kothavalasa (CT) *Deleted Vizianagaram (M + OG) 44,379 Kanapaka (CT) *Deleted Malicherla (CT) *Deleted Jarjapupeta (CT) *Deleted Upgraded Nellimarla 3,402 Chintalavalasa (CT) *Deleted Visakhapatnm All areas except Visakhapatnam 3 Greater Visakhapatnam (M. (MC)covered in Corp) ? Phase II Yelamanchali ? **Added Narsipatnam ? **Added 4 East Godavari Kakinada (M Corp. -
Dividend and Shares Liable to Be Transferred to IEPF / IEPFA
THE WATERBASE LIMITED List of Shareholders whose Unclaimed Dividend and Shares Liable to be Transferred to IEPF / IEPFA Dividend Dividend Dividend Dividend Dividend Shares Liable to Folio / DP_Client ID Name of Shareholder (Interim - (Final - 2014- (Final - 2016- (Final - 2017- (Final - 2018- be Transferred 2014-15) 15) 17) 18) 19) to IEPFA Rs. Nos '00000003 DUTT S K 10 5 10 15 15 10 '00000006 DASS H C 10 5 10 15 15 10 '00000103 SANJAY 200 100 200 300 300 200 '00000109 KEMAYA LALL KIDWAI 3000 1500 3000 4500 4500 3000 '00000110 NAINA LALL 1800 900 1800 2700 2700 1800 '00000111 SUNIL KUMAR G 400 200 400 600 600 400 '00000115 VIJAYALAKSHMI G 600 300 600 900 900 600 '00000117 MURARISETTY NAGARAJA LAKSHMI 200 100 200 300 150 100 '00000118 MURARISETTY PULLAIAH 600 300 600 900 750 500 '00000125 SUJATHA KISHORE 300 150 300 450 300 200 '00000127 VIJI SAMPATH 100 50 100 150 150 100 '00000130 MALLIKA AHIRRAO 500 250 500 750 750 500 '00000138 ANIL KUMAR SEELAM 300 150 300 450 450 300 '00000139 BHAGYA LAKSHMI SEELAM 500 250 500 750 750 500 '00000141 MALTI MORE 100 50 100 150 150 100 '00000148 GIRIDHAR RAJU K 1000 500 1000 1500 1500 1000 '00000153 SYAMALA DEVI T 1000 500 1000 1500 1500 1000 '00000154 SESHAGIRI RAO T 1500 750 1500 2250 2250 1500 '00000156 NALINI S 900 450 900 1350 1350 900 '00000157 JHANSI RANI P 500 250 500 750 750 500 '00000168 RADHAKRISHNA REDDY THAMMIREDDY 1000 500 1000 1500 1500 1000 '00000169 GUNUPATI AUDISESHA REDDY 1000 500 1000 1500 1500 1000 '00000176 NESAR AHMAD 1000 500 1000 1500 1500 1000 '00000182 LALITHA RAVI 500 250 500 750 750 500 '00000192 RAJESH KUMAR 100 50 100 150 150 100 '00000193 VARUN KUMAR 1300 650 1300 1950 1950 1300 1 THE WATERBASE LIMITED List of Shareholders whose Unclaimed Dividend and Shares Liable to be Transferred to IEPF / IEPFA Dividend Dividend Dividend Dividend Dividend Shares Liable to Folio / DP_Client ID Name of Shareholder (Interim - (Final - 2014- (Final - 2016- (Final - 2017- (Final - 2018- be Transferred 2014-15) 15) 17) 18) 19) to IEPFA Rs. -
CONSOLIDATED DAILY ARREST REPORT DATED 06.01.2021 Father/ District/PC District/PC Name PS of SL
CONSOLIDATED DAILY ARREST REPORT DATED 06.01.2021 Father/ District/PC District/PC Name PS of SL. No Alias Sex Age Spouse Address of Ps Name Name of Case/ GDE Ref. Accused residence Name residence Accused Dangapur Kathalbari, Islampur Islampur Islampore PS Majdul Abdul PS- Islampur PS: 1 M 24 Islampore Police Islampore Police Case No : 01/21 Hussain Karim Islampore Dist.: District District US-411/414 IPC Islampur Police District Lt. Islampur Dalkhola PS Case Madhukar Chikhli Chikhli Chikhli 2 M 48 Ramrao Dalkhola Police No : 05/21 US- Surarkar Buldana (Maharasta) Surarkar District 21(c)/29 IPC Baniadole Dalkhola Dalkhola Uttar Islampur Islampur Dalkhola PS Case Hazarat Abdul 3 26 Dinajpur PS: Dalkhola Dalkhola Police Dalkhola Police No : 05/21 US- Umar Mannan Dist.: Islampur Police District District 21(c)/29 IPC District Baniadole Dalkhola Lt. Dalkhola Uttar Islampur Islampur Dalkhola PS Case Salim 4 23 Majarul Dinajpur PS: Dalkhola Dalkhola Police Dalkhola Police No : 05/21 US- Akhtar Haque Dist.: Islampur Police District District 21(c)/29 IPC District Babhunia Shikarpur Islampur Islampur Dalkhola PS Case Jamil Lt. Md. Dalkhola Uttar 5 22 Police Dalkhola Police No : 05/21 US- Aktar Sirajuddin Dinajpur Dist.: District District 21(c)/29 IPC Islampur Police District Sachin Sakar Khelta Sakar Islampur Dalkhola PS Case Lt. Sriram 6 Sriram M 42 Khelta Sakar Khelta Dalkhola Police No : 05/21 US- Power Power Buldana (Maharasta) District 21(c)/29 IPC Chakulia PS Case No : 03/21 US-25 Kalugaon PS: Islampur Islampur (C) Narcotic Babu Firhad 7 Babu Reza M 23 Goalpukur Dist.: Goalpukur Police Chakulia Police Drugs and Khan Alam Islampur Police District District District Psychotropic Substances Act, 1985 Goalpukur PS Islampur Case No : 03/21 Sarbar Faruque VILL- PASCHIM 8 M Goalpukur Police US- Alam Ajam GOALPOKHER District 447/341/323/326 /307/506/34 IPC Islampur Suresh Kadam Lal Goalpukur PS 9 SATVITA ISLAMPUR Goalpukur Police Karmakar Karmakar GDE No. -
Bengal-Bangladesh Border and Women
The Bengal-Bangladesh Borderland: Chronicles from Nadia, Murshidabad and Malda 1 Paula Banerjee Introduction Borderland studies, particularly in the context of South Asia are a fairly recent phenomenon. I can think of three works that have made borderlands, particularly the Bengal-Bangladesh borderland as the focal area of their study in the last one decade. Ranabir Samaddar’s The Marginal Nation: Transborder Migration From Bangladesh to West Bengal started a trend that was continued by Willem Van Schendel in his The Bengal Borderland: Beyond State and Nation in South Asia . Both these books argue that the border is part of larger zone or the borderland that at once constructs and subverts the nation. Samaddar goes beyond the security and immutable border discourse and problematises the borderland by speaking of flows across the border. He argues that such flows are prompted by historical and social affinities, geographical contiguity and economic imperative. People move when their survival is threatened and rigid borders mean little to the desperate. They question the nation form that challenges their existence. If need be they find illegal ways to tackle any obstacle that stand in their path of moving particularly when that makes the difference between life and death. Thereby Samaddar questions ideas of nation state and national security in present day South Asia when and if it privileges land over the people who inhabit that land. Van Schendel also takes the argument along similar lines by stating that without understanding the borderland it is impossible to understand the nation form that develops in South Asia, the economy that emerges or the ways in which national identities are internalized.