Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices
Anh Le-Tuan, Darshan Hingu, Manfred Hauswirth and Danh Le Phuoc | Technische Universitat¨ Berlin RDF4LED - An RDF Engine for Edge Devices
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF4Led
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 2 Why Edge Devices ???
Edge Computing - Internet of Things
– reduce network overhead. – reduce latency for real-time applications. – improve scalability. – better privacy control.
Linked Data
– enable data integration of heterogeneous sources. – enable data federation over edge nodes.
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 3 Missions
Moving semantic data processing task away from centralised cloud for the IoT
– How much semantic data on small devices ? – How to scale data federation over small devices on edge systems ? – How to encourage people sharing the data from their edge devices ?
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 4 RDF4LED - An RDF Engine for Edge Devices
System Design
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 5 RDF4LED (cont.)
Physical RDF Organisation: Two-Layers Index
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 6 RDF4LED (cont.)
Targeted Small Devices
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 7 Incorporating Blockchain into RDF4Led
System Overview
Smart Contract Manager
Distributed
RDF Storage
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 8 Incorporating Blockchain into RDF4Led
System Workflow
SPARQL Query Processor
Request Payment 7 Entries
2 Index 5 4 Request Payment riple Pattern
Confirmation
T
Smart 9 Matched
T 3 Contracts Smart Validation riples Contracts Service Trigger Storage 6 Contracts Index Entries Request with Smart Contract Manager 8 Entries Index 1
Distributed RDF Storage
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 9 Incorporating Blockchain into RDF4Led
Physical Organisation
Transaction 1: Transaction 2: Transaction N: {Owner: ClientA {Owner:ClientB {Owner: ClientN Price: 0.1 Price: 0.1 . . . Price: 0.1 IPFS:hash1} IPFS:hash2} IPFS:hashN}
Blockchain
s1p1o1: s2p1o5: s3p3o2: { { { Transaction 1 T ransaction 2 . . . Transaction N } } }
Smart Contracts Storage
IPFS:hash1 IPFS:hash2 IPFS:hashN s1 p1 o1 o2 s2 p1 o5; .. s3 p3 o2; .. o3; p2 o4 o5 ...... p3 o6......
Distributed RDF Storage
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 10 Incorporating Blockchain into RDF4Led
System Deployment
Miner Nodes
Validation Service Geth Clients
....
Client A Client B Client N
Distributed Storage System Cluster
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
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Evaluation - Input (1) Acc. Throughput on Static Cluster Sizes
2,500 10 nodes Inserting
2,000
1,500 Throughput (triples/sec)
1,000 0 200 400 600 800 1,000 DatasetSize (in millions)
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 12 Incorporating Blockchain into RDF4Led
Evaluation - Input (2) Acc. Throughput on Varying Cluster Sizes
40 100 Million triples Dataset
30
20
10 Throughput (triples/sec) in thousands
2 4 6 8 10 No of Nodes
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
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Evaluation - Query
1000 350
60 30
5 second (in log scale)
0.5 1 10 50 100 500 1000 Number of blocks return in query patterns
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 14 Thank You !!!
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 15 RDF4LED (cont.)
Write Management (1): Clustering example
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 16 RDF4LED (cont.)
Write Management (2): Cache Management
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 17 RDF4LED (cont.)
Push-based Join Algorithm
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 18 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Input (1)
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 19 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Input (2)
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 20 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Input (3)
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 21 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Query (1)
(a) Query response time on Intel Galileo Gen II 100 VIRTUOSO RDF4Led JENA TDB 10
1 second (in log scale) second (in log
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Queries
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 22 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Query (2)
(b) Query response time on Raspberry Pi Zero
VIRTUOSO RDF4Led JENA TDB 100
10
1 second (in log scale) second (in log
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Queries
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 23 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Query (3)
(c) Query response time on Beagle Bone Black
VIRTUOSO RDF4Led JENA TDB 100
10
1 second (in log scale) second (in log
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Queries
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 24 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Query (4)
(d) Query response time on Beagle Bone Black (20 mil) 10 VIRTUOSO RDF4Led
1 second (in log scale) second (in log
F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 L1 L2 L3 L4 L5 S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 Queries
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 25 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Memory (1)
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
Seite 26 RDF4LED (cont.)
Evaluation Results - Memory (2)
Incorporating Blockchain into RDF Store at The Lightweight Edge Devices | Anh Le-Tuan |
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