Modern Marvels: The Manhattan Project 1. The Manhattan Project cost a total of how many 1943 dollars? 2 million 2 billion 30 million 30 billion

2. The Manhattan project cost how much in today’s dollars? 2 million 2 billion 30 million 30 billion

3. The atomic bomb was tested _____ after scientists first started at Los Alamos. 28 months 36 months 60months

4. Many scientists immigrated to the United States from Europe in the 1930’s because: o Albert Einstein wrote them a letter. o President Roosevelt invited them. o They were Jewish and feared the Fascists. o They were recruited by American universities. 5. Nuclear fission is the: o Production of uranium. o Splitting of atoms by bombarding them with neutrons. o Splitting of protons by bombarding them with neutrons. o Result of neutrons smashing into each other. 6. During fission: o Mass is converted to potential energy. o Neutrons released by fission cause more fission. o Protons are released and cause more fission. o Uranium is produced. 7. In the late 1930’s scientists such as Leo Szilard feared the fact that: o German scientists had achieved fission. o German scientists had split the neutron. o German scientists were building uranium weapons. o German scientists would win the Nobel Prize. 8. A letter warning President Roosevelt of German uranium research was written by: o Edward Teller o Leo Szilard o J. Robert Oppenheimer o Albert Einstein 9. Italian physicist Enrico Fermi came to the United States with his wife: o As a spy for the Fascists. o From Denmark after a family holiday. o From Sweden after accepting the Nobel Prize. o On a ship from Italy. 10. The scientists who studied the feasibility of a sustained chain reaction were: (pick two) o Albert Einstein o Enrico Fermi o Leslie Groves o Leo Szilard 11. The first problem in developing the atomic bomb was: o Inadequate fuel production. o Keeping it a secret from the Germans. o Where it should be built. o Whether a chain reaction could be produced. 12. President Roosevelt approved the development of an atomic bomb: o At the urging of General Leslie Groves. o After receiving permission from the State of Tennessee to build Oak Ridge. o When Italy joined the Axis. o When America entered the war. 13. The first uranium reactor was located at: o Los Alamos, New Mexico o Manhattan College o Oak Ridge, Tennessee o The University of Chicago 14. The weapons grade fuel needed for the first atomic bomb was: Hydrogen Uranium-235 Uranium-238 Uranium-571

15. The ratio of U-235 to U-238 is: 1:2 1:139 2:1 235:238

16. Separating U-235 from U-238 was a problem because: o A chain reaction would result. o They are chemically identical. o There was so much more U-235 than U-238 o There was so much more U-238 than U-235. 17. The two methods of separating U-235 from U-238 were: (pick two) o Breeder reactors o Electromagnetic separation o Gaseous diffusion o Radionuclide splitting 18. The lead scientist at Los Alamos was: o Leslie Groves o David Lawrence o J. Robert Oppenheimer o Leo Szilard 19. By 1945 there were ____ lab personnel at Los Alamos. 250 1500 2500 3500

20. The facility that had to keep constantly expanding at Los Alamos was the: o Administrative offices. o Bachelor’s Quarters. o Officer’s Quarters. o Maternity Ward. 21. In the “gun design” atomic bomb: o The bomb is fired from a gun. o Implosions force a core mass together to cause fission. o One piece of uranium is fired into another at 3,000 feet/second. o Plutonium is used in place of U-235. 22. Plutonium is: o The heaviest naturally occurring element o More likely to undergo fission than U-235. o Harder to produce than U-235. o Produced in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.

23. Gaseous diffusion: o Uses a barrier to blend U-235 atoms into U-238 atoms. o Uses uranium hexafluoride gas as the source of uranium. o Uses very little energy. o Extracts U-235 from plutonium. 24. Oak Ridge was the _____ largest town in Tennessee by the end of the war. 2nd 3rd 4th 5th

25. The K-25 building used ___ of the electrical energy in the United States for gaseous diffusion. 2% 5% 10% 15%

26. The plutonium bomb begins a chain reaction by: o Compressing nuclei together. o Firing one piece of plutonium into another. o Forcing plutonium to combine with uranium. o Splitting neutrons 27. It was important for the plutonium bomb to work because: (pick two) o Harry Truman promised the British it would be used against Berlin. o There was only enough U-235 available for one gun bomb. o The Hanford site was more secure than the Oak Ridge site. o It would take more than one bomb to break the enemy’s will. 28. The Plutonium bomb was nicknamed: “Little Boy” “Fat Man” “Pluto” “Tokyo Surprise”

29. The test of the implosion (plutonium) bomb at Los Alamos was called: o “End of the World” o “Day of The Devil” o “Satan’s Barbeque” o “Trinity” 30. Before the test there was speculation that the atomic bomb would: o Cause a huge crack in the earth’s surface. o Fall off the tower before it went off. o Give observers a great suntan. o Ignite the atmosphere and destroy the world. 31. The blast from the bomb exploding at Los Alamos was equal to ______tons of TNT. 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000

32. Many of the scientists in the Manhattan Project wanted the bomb: o First demonstrated over an uninhabited area. o Used immediately against Japanese military targets. o Used against Japanese civilian targets if Japan did not surrender. o Withheld for possible use against the Russians. 33. “Little Boy” caused what damage to Hiroshima? (pick two) o 90% of the city leveled. o 100 mile/hour winds o Force of 1200 tons of TNT o 130,000 killed by the blast and radiation sickness. 34. Short answer (on the back of this sheet) What part of this video will you remember the most?