Ministry of the Economy and Foreign Trade in figures 2012

19-21, boulevard Royal L-2449 Luxembourg Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Tel.: (352) 247-84345 Fax: (352) 26 20 27 68 [email protected] www.investinluxembourg.lu Savoir pour agir www.statec.lu September 2012 Contents

Luxembourg 5 Territory 6 Climate 6 Environment 7 Energy 8 Population Population structure 9 Population movement 10 Households, inhabited buildings 10 Expectation of life 11 The most populated municipalities 11 Employment Employment and unemployment 12 Domestic employment by branches 13 International comparison – Population and employment 14 Living conditions Income and poverty 16 Indicators of poverty and income inequality 16 Mean consumption expenditure of households 16 Social security 17 Health 18 Accidents 18 Education 19 Culture 20 Travelling 20 Elections 21 Business demography Enterprises by economic activity 22 Enterprises by employee size class 23 Largest private and public employers 24 International comparison – Economy 25 Agriculture 26 Forestry 27 Wine-growing 28 Industry Activity indices 28 Producer price index 29 Steel industry 29 Handicraft 29 Construction Activity indices 30 Building permissions 30 Tourism 30 Transport 31

3 Contents

Financial activities 33 Communication 35 Information society 35 National accounts Main aggregates 36 Structure of the added value 37 International comparison – National accounts 38 Public finances General government expenditure and revenue 39 Public debt 39 External trade 40 Balance of current account 42 Prices and wages 43 Consumption 44 International comparison – Prices and finances 46

4 Luxembourg

Canton of

Germany

Canton Canton of of

Canton of

Canton of Canton Canton of of Canton of Belgium Canton of Canton of Luxembourg

Canton Canton of of Esch

France

Official designation Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Form of government Representative democracy in the form of a constitutional monarchy Chief of State H.R.H. Grand Duke Henri Head of government Jean-Claude Juncker, Prime Minister President of the Chamber of Deputies Laurent Mosar National language Luxembourgish (Lëtzebuergesch) Administrative languages French, German, Luxembourgish Currency Euro Capital Luxembourg Administrative divisions 3 districts (Luxembourg, Diekirch, Grevenmacher), 12 cantons, 106 municipalities 5 Territory

Geographical survey Area Total area of the Grand Duchy 2586 km2 100% Area of the two natural regions in the north: Oesling 828 km2 32% in the south: Gutland (Good-country) 1758 km2 68%

Territorial dimensions North-South East-West Maximum 82 km 57 km

Length of the border Total lenght 356 km with France 73 km with Germany 135 km with Belgium 148 km

Altitudes Maximum (Wilwerdange) 560 m Minimum (Wasserbillig) 130 m Luxembourg-City 300 m

Land use 1972 1990 2000 2010 2011 in % Total area 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 Agricultural and wooded area 93.2 91.8 87.4 85.7 85.5 Built-up area 3.1 4.3 8.1 9.3 9.5 of which: industrial area and other … … 2.7 3.0 3.1 Road-net, railway network, etc. 3.2 3.4 3.9 4.4 4.4 Watercourses and waterbody 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6

Climate

Climate in Luxembourg-City Average 1981-2010 January April July October 12 months Temperature (in °C) Average 1.2 8.7 18.4 9.5 9.4 Maximum 6.2 25.6 35.8 23.5 21.6 Minimum -10.4 -4.1 6.5 -1.7 -2.6 Relative humidity (in %) 87.0 60.0 58.0 86.0 77.3 Hours of sunshine 18.0 218.0 197.0 161.0 1588.0 Rainfall (in mm) 25.9 14.9 47.9 40.5 733.2

6 Environment

Air quality EU Norm 1990 2010 2011 Protection of the Highest recorded Pollution human health value 3 1 Sulphur dioxide (SO2) µg/m 350 385 69 63 3 2 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) µg/m 40 62 59 58

Nitrogen oxides (NOx=NO+NO2, in rural areas) µg/m3 302,3 30 21 22 3 1,4 1,5 Ozone (O3) µg/m 180 /240 234 202 190 Carbon monoxide (CO) µg/m3 100006 8900 1020 1500 3 2 Benzene (C6H6) µg/m 5 8.4 0.6 1.1

EU Norm 1997 2010 2011 Pollution 3 2 Particulate matter (PM2.5 <2.5 µm) µg/m 25 ... 16 15 3 2 Particulate matter (PM10<10 µm) µg/m 40 47 30 25 Lead (Pb) µg/m3 0.52 0.22 0.06 0.03 Arsenic (As) ng/m3 62 … 2.0 3.2 Cadmium (Cd) ng/m3 52 … 1.4 0.5 Nickel (Ni) ng/m3 202 … 4.4 5.9 Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) ng/m3 12 … 0.3 0.3 1 hourly average 2 annual average 3 protection of the vegetation 4 information threshold for the population (1 hour) 5 alert threshold (3 consecutive hours) 6 average over 8 hours

Organic pollution of the rivers

Ecological status in % 2009 very good 0 good 7 moderate 52 poor 26 bad 16 Chemical status good 70 not good 30 Hydromorphological status very good 0 good 63 moderate 20 poor 16 bad 2

7 Recycling of materials 2000 2007 2008 2009 2010 in tonnes Glass 23109 51991 50970 44236 54674 Paper and cardboard 61460 84761 104809 91717 84235 Plastics 8763 26629 18813 16153 17269 Textiles 2051 2982 3275 3672 … Wood 81162 99382 79900 62697 76794 Electric waste 1861 4357 7749 4000 7632 Edible oils and greases … 650 2745 1032 2395 Tires and rubber 4141 3775 4264 2733 8585 Packaging products PMC 1 1132 3665 4213 4551 4926 Number Refrigerators 13623 16409 16611 19414 19885

1 plastic bottles and flasks, metallic packing and drink cartons

Energy

Final consumption of energy 2007 2008 2009 2010 2010/09 in 1000 tpe1 in % By product Coal 79 75 67 67 0.2 Natural gas (NCV) 657 675 632 676 9.6 Electricity 576 567 526 568 8.1 Heat 20 23 24 31 16.5 Oil products 2880 2902 2710 2838 4.6 Other (wood, biofuel) 103 106 91 109 10.4

By use Agriculture 7 8 9 8 -11.2 Industries 741 726 627 755 16.4 Services 403 412 402 412 11.2 Transport 2663 2692 2499 2628 5.0 Households 501 510 513 485 -5.8

Total 4315 4348 4050 4288 6.0

1 tonne petroleum equivalent

8 Population

Population structure Population censuses 1991 2001 2011 20121 x 1000 Total population 384.4 439.5 512.4 524.9 of which: Women 196.1 223.0 257.4 263.0 Luxembourgers 271.4 277.2 291.9 295.0 Foreigners 113.0 162.3 220.5 229.9 of which: Portugal 39.1 58.7 82.4 85.3 France 13.0 20.0 31.5 33.1 Italy 19.5 19.0 18.1 18.1 Belgium 10.1 14.8 16.9 17.2 Germany 8.8 10.1 12.0 12.3 Britain 3.2 4.3 5.5 5.6 Netherlands 3.5 3.7 3.9 3.9 Other EU countries 6.6 9.2 21.5 23.2 Other 9.2 22.5 28.7 31.2 Foreigners in % 29.4 36.9 43.0 43.8

1 estimation on January 1st

Population by age groups 2001 2010 2011 20121 in % Working age (15 to 64 years) 67.2 68.3 68.7 68.9 Women (15 to 64 years) 33.1 33.7 33.8 33.8 Children (0 to 14 years) 18.9 17.7 17.3 17.1 Girls (0 to 14 years) 9.2 8.6 8.4 8.3 Third age (65 years and more) 13.9 14.0 14.0 14.0 Women (65 years and more) 8.3 8.0 8.0 7.9

1 estimation January 1st

Long-dated development 1947 1960 1981 2001 2011 x 1000 Total population 291 315 365 440 512 of which: Women 146 159 187 223 257

1947-60 1961-80 1981-01 2001-11 x 1000 Natural balance 12 9 19 18 Migration balance 12 41 56 54

9 Population movement 1990 2000 2010 2011 Live births 4936 5723 5874 5639 of which: Girls 2354 2745 2914 2726 Luxembourgers 3284 2917 3029 3000 Foreigners 1652 2806 2845 2639 Births per 1000 inhabitants 12.9 13.1 11.6 10.9 Luxembourgers 12.0 10.6 10.5 10.2 Foreigners 15.3 17.3 13.0 11.7 Total fertility 1.62 1.78 1.63 1.51 Deaths 3773 3749 3760 3819 of which: Women 1893 1859 1857 1924 Luxembourgers 3373 3202 3049 3096 Foreigners 400 547 711 723 Deaths by some main causes Diseases of the circulatory system 1779 1442 1256 … Neoplasms 973 991 1061 … Suicides 77 66 74 … Deaths < 1 year 36 29 20 24 Rates per 100 live births 0.7 0.5 0.3 0.4

Natural increase 1163 1969 2114 1820 Luxembourgers -89 -290 -20 -96 Foreigners 1252 2259 2134 1916

Marriages 2312 2148 1749 1714 Divorces 759 1030 1083 1275 Naturalizations 748 684 4311 3405 Adoptions 171 114 40 70

Households, inhabited buildings 1960 1970 1991 2001 x 1000 Private households 95.6 108.7 144.7 172.0 of which: Foreign households 10.4 17.7 39.9 59.2 Inhabited buildings 71.6 80.9 105.8 119.6

10 Total population by age group (January 1st, 2012)

Men Women +90 85-89 80-84 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 5 4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4 5 in % of total population

Life expectancy 1980/82 1990/92 2000/02 2005/07 Males 70.0 72.6 74.9 77.6 Females 76.7 79.1 81.0 82.7

The most populated municipalities 1991 2001 2011 20121 x 1000 Luxembourg-City 75.8 76.7 95.1 99.9 Esch-sur-Alzette 24.0 27.2 30.1 30.9 Differdange 15.7 18.2 21.9 22.3 Dudelange 14.7 17.3 18.8 18.8 Pétange 12.4 13.7 16.1 16.4 Sanem 11.6 13.0 14.5 14.6 Hesperange 9.9 10.4 13.3 13.6 Bettembourg 8.0 9.1 9.8 9.8 Schifflange 6.9 7.8 8.9 8.9 Mersch 6.0 7.0 8.0 8.2 Ettelbruck 6.6 7.3 7.8 8.0 Kayl 6.3 7.1 7.8 7.9

1 estimation January 1st

11 Employment

Employment and unemployment 2000 2009 2010 2011 x 1000 (annual average) 1. Domestic employment 263.8 352.2 358.6 368.4 Wage-earners 244.4 331.8 337.7 347.1 Employers, self-employed, unpaid family workers 19.4 20.4 20.9 21.3 2. Net borderers (a) - (b) 79.0 135.9 138.7 143.4 a. Non-resident borderers 87.7 147.2 150.1 154.9 Employers, self-employed, unpaid family workers 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 Wage-earners 87.0 146.5 149.4 154.2 of which from: France 46.4 72.7 74.1 76.3 Belgium 24.2 37.3 37.8 38.9 Germany 16.4 36.5 37.5 38.9 b. Resident borderers 8.8 11.3 11.4 11.4 of which: International agents and civil servants 7.8 10.4 10.3 10.3 3. National employment (1) - (2) 184.8 216.3 219.9 225.0 4. Unemployed 4.8 12.5 13.5 13.5 of which: Unemployed on the dole 2.0 6.3 6.3 6.2 5. Active population (3) + (4) 189.6 228.8 233.4 238.5 6. Unemployment rate in % (4) : (5) 2.5 5.4 5.8 5.7 7. Persons in job schemes 2.1 3.1 3.8 4.2 8. Overall unemployment rate in % (4+7) : (5) 3.6 6.8 7.4 7.4

12 Domestic employment by branches 2000 2009 2010 2011 x 1000 1. Agriculture 4.0 6.4 6.6 5.2 2. Industry 34.9 37.3 37.3 38.1 2.1 Mining and quarrying 0.3 0.3 0.3 … 2.2 Manufacturing 33.1 35.3 35.2 … a. Manufacture of food products, beverages and tobacco 4.2 4.9 5.1 … b. Manufacture of textiles and textile products 0.7 1.7 1.6 … c. Manufacture of leather and leather products 0.0 0.0 0.0 … d. Manufacture of pulp, paper, publishing and printing 2.7 1.9 2.4 … e. Manufacture of coke, refined petroleum products and nuclear fuel 0.0 0.0 0.0 ... f. Manufacture of chemicals, chemical products and man-made fibres 1.5 0.7 0.7 … g. Manufacture of rubber and plastic products 4.1 5.4 4.8 … h. Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products 2.9 2.7 2.5 … i. Manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products 10.9 10.2 10.7 … j. Manufacture of machinery and other equipment n.e.c. 2.5 3.0 2.8 … k. Manufacture of electrical and optical equipment 2.1 2.8 2.8 … l. Manufacture of transport equipment 0.3 0.6 0.6 … m. Other manufactured products 1.2 1.3 1.2 … 2.3 Electricity, gas and water supply 1.5 1.7 1.8 … 3. Construction 25.9 38.0 38.2 39.4 4. Trade 70.6 88.7 90.4 94.6 4.1 Sale, maintenance and repair 38.0 44.1 45.3 … 4.2 Hotels and restaurants 12.7 16.0 16.6 … 4.3 Transport, storage and communication 19.9 28.5 28.5 … 5. Financial, real estate, renting and business activities 70.5 100.7 102.4 105.1 5.1 Financial intermediation 29.5 41.2 41.0 … 5.2 Real estate, renting and business activities 41.0 59.5 61.3 … 6. Other service activities 57.8 81.1 83.7 86.1 6.1 Public administration and defence, compulsory social security 13.8 18.3 18.3 … 6.2 Education 12.1 16.1 16.4 … 6.3 Health and social work 16.6 28.5 30.3 … 6.4 Other community, social and personal service activities 9.4 13.1 13.5 … 6.5 Private households with employed persons 5.9 5.2 5.2 … 7. Total 263.8 352.2 358.6 368.4

13 International comparison Population and employment

Total Population Employ­ Employ- Unemploy­ population density ment1 ment rate2 ment rate 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 x1000 inhabit./km2 x1000 in % in % EU (27 countries) 502058 117 217169 64.3 9.7 Belgium, BE 10951 359 4509 61.9 7.2 Bulgaria, BG 7369 66 2950 58.5 11.3 Czech Republic, CZ 10485 133 4904 65.7 6.7 Denmark, DK 5552 129 2703 73.1 7.6 Germany, DE 81752 229 39738 72.5 5.9 Estonia, EE 1340 30 609 65.1 12.5 Ireland, IE 4481 64 1809 59.2 14.4 Greece, GR 11310 86 4091 55.6 17.7 Spain, ES 46153 91 18105 57.7 21.7 France, FR 65048 103 257643 63.83 9.7 Italy, IT 60626 201 22967 56.9 8.4 Cyprus, CY 840 91 376 68.1 7.9 Latvia, LV 2075 32 971 61.8 16.2 Lithuania, LT 3245 50 1371 60.7 15.4 Luxembourg, LU 512 198 225 64.6 4.9 Hungary, HU 9986 107 3812 55.8 10.9 Malta, MT 418 1322 169 57.6 6.5 Netherlands, NL 16656 495 8369 74.9 4.4 Austria, AT 8404 100 4144 72.1 4.2 Poland, PL 38200 122 16131 59.7 9.7 Portugal, PT 10572 115 4837 64.2 12.9 Romania, RO 21414 90 9138 58.5 7.4 Slovenia, SI 2050 101 936 64.4 8.2 Slovakia, SK 5392 110 2351 59.5 13.6 Finland, FI 5375 16 2474 69.0 7.8 Sweden, SE 9416 21 4642 74.1 7.5 United Kingdom, UK 62436 257 29078 69.5 8.0 Iceland, IS 318 3 166 78.5 7.1 Norway, NO 4920 15 2536 75.3 3.3 Switzerland, CH 7870 191 4365 79.3 … United States, US … … … 66.6 8.9 Japan, JP … … … 70.3 4.6

1 European Labour force survey LFS, employment by place of residence 2 males and females, 15-64 years 3 exlcudes overseas departments

14 Employment rate in 2011

in % 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 NL SE DK DE AT UK FI CY CZ EE LU SI UE PT FR BE LV LT PL SK IE BG RO ES MT IT HU GR

GDP per inhabitant in 2011

PPS (Index 100 = EU-27) 300

250

200

150

100

50

0 LU NL AT IE SE DK DE BE FI UK FR IT EU ES CY SI MT GR CZ PT SK EE HU PL LT LV RO BG

15 Living conditions

Income and poverty 2003 2008 2009 2010 Disposable income in EUR/month Mean disposable income per household 4181 4915 5084 5118 Median disposable income per household 3532 4172 4281 4350 Mean disposable income per adult-equivalent 2472 2947 3039 3033 Median disposable income per adult-equivalent 2148 2576 2646 2694

Indicators of poverty and income inequality At-risk-of-poverty rate (in %) 11.9 13.4 14.9 14.5 Income quintile share ratio (S80/S20) 4.1 4.1 4.3 4.1 Gini coefficient 0.276 0.277 0.292 0.279

Mean consumption expenditure of households 1998 2008 2009 2010 in ‰ Total 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 1000.0 Food and non-alcoholic beverages 100.8 88.8 88.4 87.7 Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 19.9 14.9 14.8 14.2 Clothing and footwear 59.4 60.3 62.5 61.6 Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels 273.5 343.3 334.9 337.7 Furnishings, household equipment and routine maintenance of the house 82.2 61.3 62.2 62.7 Health 23.7 24.7 24.3 24.7 Transport 155.0 147.0 142.1 144.9 Communications 21.1 20.2 20.8 21.5 Recreation and culture 87.0 70.8 75.0 73.0 Education 1.7 4.2 4.0 3.5 Hotels, cafes and restaurants 96.1 77.1 78.4 75.8 Miscellaneous goods and services 79.6 87.5 92.6 92.8

16 Social security

2000 2009 2010 2011 Health and maternity insurance Number of people insured 352636 465097 474966 488645 Number of covered persons 535424 681958 699539 720310 Regular expenditures (in millions of EUR) 1069.4 2076.0 2217.1 2217.2

Long term care insurance Number of covered persons 535424 681958 699539 720310 Regular expenditures (in millions of EUR) 223.1 695.3 729.1 582.0

Pension benefits Number of contributors 247253 342781 347887 357934 Number of pensioners 107571 134200 138641 143380 Total amount paid in pensions (in millions of EUR) 1476.5 2708.5 2849.5 3030.2

Accident insurance Number of enterprises insured 24413 38902 40760 41514 Claims made 34127 31777 33990 32563 Claims paid and surrender of claims 16083 15283 15317 15454 Expenditure on benefits (in millions of EUR) Goods and services 25.6 38.5 36.7 36.1 Cash payments 114.6 154.9 164.7 165.1

17 Health

(Situation on January 1st) 2000 2008 2009 2010 Physicians in activity 1091 1331 1350 1409 General practitioners 365 397 395 414 Specialists 726 934 955 995 Dentists and stomatologists in activity 282 394 404 418 Veterinarians in activity 104 168 175 184 Nursing staff in activity 4318 8075 8584 8763 Pharmacies 89 96 98 98 Hospitals 18 12 12 12 Beds 2849 2721 2721 2721 Physicians in activity per 1000 inhabitants (without dentists) 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.8 Beds per 1000 inhabitants 6.5 5.6 5.5 5.4

2000 2009 2010 2011 Reported cases of epidemic AIDS 10 3 7 12 Tuberculosis 41 37 28 29 Hepatitis C … 56 73 74

Road accidents 1980 1990 2000 2010 2011 Accident resulting in death or injury 1577 1216 901 876 962 of which: Fatal accidents 95 60 68 29 30 Non-fatal accidents 1482 1156 833 847 932 Casualty 2381 1849 1333 1217 1341 Killed 98 71 76 32 33 Injured 2283 1778 1257 1185 1308 of which: Seriously injured 959 556 400 266 317 Slightly injured 1324 1222 857 919 991

Persons killed in road accidents

120 Women 100 Men 80 60 40 20 0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

18 Education

2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010 /11 Pupils1 Elementary school: cycle 1 - Early childhood education 3865 4036 4105 3961 cycle 1 - Pre-primary education 9824 9966 10026 10195 cycles 2 to 4 - Primary education 33020 32496 32312 32096 Technical secondary education 23805 24323 25184 25879 Secondary education 12122 12469 12757 12825 University of Luxembourg 3824 4517 4934 5177 Advanced technician’s certificate training (B.T.S.) 254 176 204 307 Students at foreign universities2 6407 7410 6992 10269 of which: in Belgium 1605 1623 1793 2638 in France 1392 1308 1310 1957

Teachers1, 3, 4 Elementary school: cycle 1 - Early childhood education 400 441 381 485 cycle 1 - Pre-primary education 861 864 946 964 cycles 2 to 4 - Primary education 3294 3359 3498 3598 Secondary and technical secondary education 3859 4054 4096 4091

1 without international and private schools which don't follow the official programs defined by the ministry of Education 2 students on grant 3 including uncertificated teachers 4 teachers working both in early childhood education and in pre-primary education are counted within pre-primary education

19 Culture

2000 2009 2010 2011 Borrowed documents at the national library: Luxembourgish works 3182 6030 5952 7125 Other borrowed documents 15843 27005 24756 26606 Cinema visitors (x 1000) 1362 1258 11001 … Number of museums 32 45 49 … Total museum attendance 305064 380000 446300 … Total concert room attendance … 287000 302000 313000

1 estimation

Travelling

2000 2009 2010 2011 in % Participation in tourism1 Leisure 74.6 83.7 74.7 80.4 Business 17.2 16.3 11.9 16.7

2000 2009 2010 2011 in EUR Average expenditure per person1 Leisure 643 647 664 660 Business 611 671 799 758

1 share of residents (aged 15 or over) having made at least one holiday trip of at least one overnight stay per year

Destinations by length of stay, 2011 (Travelling for leisure purpose)

in % 40 35 1 to 3 nights 30 4 nights and more 25 20 15 10 5 0 FR DE BE NL IT CH UK AT ES PT Others

20 Elections

Composition of the Chamber of Deputies 1994 1999 2004 2009 Number of seats All parties 60 60 60 60 Christian Social People’s Party (CSP) 21 19 24 26 Luxembourg Socialist Worker’s Party (LSWP) 17 13 14 13 Democratic Party (DP) 12 15 10 9 The Left (Déi Lénk) . 1 . 1 The Greens (Déi Gréng) 5 5 7 7 Alternative Democratic Reform Party (ADR)1 5 7 5 4 in % Women 16.7 15.0 23.3 20.0

1 1994-2004: Action Committee for Democracy and Pensions Justice

European elections 1994 1999 2004 2009 Number of seats All parties 6 6 6 6 CSP 2 2 3 3 LSWP 2 2 1 1 DP 1 1 1 1 The Greens 1 1 1 1

Local elections District councils (proportional representation) 1993 1999 2005 2011 Number of seats All parties 349 420 475 555 CSP 114 126 151 170 LSWP 114 139 165 168 DP 78 106 100 106 The Greens 231 23 41 74 ADR 7 11 5 4 The Left 42 6 1 7 Other parties 9 9 12 26

1 Green list, Ecological Initiative (GLEI) and Green Alternative Party (GAP) 2 Communist Party (CP)

21 Business demography

Enterprises by economic activity 2006 2007 2008 2009 Active enterprises Industry 925 961 982 980 Construction 2670 2812 2936 3025 Services 23886 24588 25633 26454 Wholesale and retail trade 6749 6773 6825 6919 Transportation and storage 1114 1131 1155 1184 Accommodation and food service activities 2716 2703 2728 2717 Information and communication 1370 1451 1504 1582 Financial and insurance activities 1153 1142 1220 1282 Real estate activities 2184 2356 2503 2587 Professional, scientific and technical activities 4065 4303 4656 4942 Administrative and support service activities 1145 1192 1389 1468 Other service activities (education, health,…) 3390 3537 3653 3773 Total 27481 28361 29551 30459

Enterprises births Industry 54 73 57 50 Construction 278 281 277 257 Services 2427 2462 2510 2437 Wholesale and retail trade 634 571 564 584 Transportation and storage 101 100 105 107 Accommodation and food service activities 252 248 263 256 Information and communication 178 176 171 168 Financial and insurance activities 109 111 113 109 Real estate activities 280 324 315 254 Professional, scientific and technical activities 447 472 520 527 Administrative and support service activities 140 152 185 162 Other service activities (education, health,…) 286 308 274 270 Total 2759 2816 2844 2744

Enterprises deaths Industry 49 38 49 … Construction 176 185 198 … Services 1855 1889 1949 … Wholesale and retail trade 580 576 573 … Transportation and storage 95 97 95 … Accommodation and food service activities 262 237 261 … Information and communication 112 131 122 … Financial and insurance activities 54 39 52 … Real estate activities 169 188 200 … Professional, scientific and technical activities 297 321 342 … Administrative and support service activities 121 101 114 … Other service activities (education, health,…) 165 199 190 … Total 2080 2112 2196 … 22 Enterprises by employee size class, 2009 no 1 to 4 5 to 9 ≥ 10 Economic activity employees employees employees employees Active enterprises in % Industry 19.2 27.9 15.7 37.2 Construction 19.6 32.0 17.5 30.9 Services 39.1 39.5 10.3 11.1 Total 36.5 38.4 11.2 13.9

Enterprises births Industry 48.0 40.0 8.0 4.0 Construction 38.9 45.5 11.7 3.9 Services 54.5 39.6 4.6 1.3 Total 52.9 40.2 5.4 1.6

Enterprises deaths Industry 36.7 38.8 12.2 12.2 Construction 46.5 30.3 10.6 12.6 Services 62.2 33.9 3.2 0.7 Total 60.2 33.7 4.1 2.0

Insolvencies

Companies 1100 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11

23 Largest private and public employers (Situation on January 1st, 2012) Name Economic activity Persons employed Government 25278 City of Luxembourg 3680 Groupe ArcelorMittal Manufacture of basic iron, steel and of ferro-alloys 5960 BGL BNP Paribas Monetary intermediation 4110 Groupe Cactus Retail sale in non-specialised stores 3920 Groupe CFL Interurban passenger rail transport 3810 Groupe Entreprise des P&T Wired telecommunications activities 3800 Goodyear Dunlop Tires Operations SA Manufacture of rubber products 3080 Groupe Dussmann Luxembourg Cleaning activities 2790 Luxair SA Passenger air transport 2400 Groupe PricewaterhouseCoopers Accounting, bookkeeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy 2110 Groupe Dexia BIL Monetary intermediation 2100 Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg Hospital activities 2060 Centre Hospitalier Emile Mayrisch Hospital activities 1870 BCEE Luxembourg Monetary intermediation 1770 Fondation Stëftung Hëllef Doheem Social work activities without accom- modation for the elderly and disabled 1760 RBC Dexia Investor Services Bank SA Monetary intermediation 1580 Etablissement Public Centres, Residential care activities for the Foyers et Services pour elderly and disabled Personnes Agées (SERVIOR) 1570 Sodexo Luxembourg SA Event catering and other food service activities 1480 Elisabeth Residential care activities for mental retardation, mental health and substance abuse 1480 Compass Group Luxembourg Event catering and other food service activities 1400 Fondation François-Elisabeth Hospital activities 1250 Cargolux Airlines International SA Freight air and space transport 1230 Groupe Guardian Manufacture of glass and glass products 1230 Groupe Deloitte Luxembourg Accounting, bookkeeping and auditing activities; tax consultancy 1230 G4S Security Solutions SARL Private security activities 1190 DuPont de Nemours (Luxembourg) Manufacture of plastics products 1160 Nettoservice Cleaning activities 1100 KBL European Private Bankers Monetary intermediation 1100 Groupe Société Générale Bank & Trust Monetary intermediation 1090 Centre Hospitalier du Nord Hospital activities 1030 Clearstream Auxiliary activities to financial services, except insurance and pension funding 1020

24 International comparison Economy

Business Turnover in Exports Imports investment the trade of goods, of goods, per person real real employed change change 2011 2008 2011 2011 in % of GDP x1000 EUR in % in % EU (27 countries) 16.1 … 6.3 4.0 Belgium 19.2 567.9 4.4 4.9 Bulgaria 18.3 90.0 12.8 8.5 Czech Republic 17.3 200.2 11.0 7.5 Denmark 14.1 411.9 7.0 5.2 Germany 17.2 301.0 8.2 7.8 Estonia 17.4 188.9 24.9 27.0 Ireland 6.5 316.9 4.1 -0.7 Greece 10.9 … -0.3 -8.1 Spain 18.7 217.9 9.0 -0.1 France 17.7 … 5.3 4.9 Italy 17.3 274.9 5.6 0.4 Cyprus 12.3 189.3 3.6 -5.0 Latvia 16.4 119.9 12.6 20.7 Lithuania 13.0 97.3 14.1 12.9 Luxembourg 13.5 719.9 1.7 3.2 Hungary 15.4 169.4 8.4 6.3 Malta 11.5 … 2.0 0.0 Netherlands 14.7 380.6 3.8 3.5 Austria 20.3 355.1 7.2 7.2 Poland 14.1 134.8 7.5 5.8 Portugal 14.7 162.6 7.6 -5.3 Romania 17.7 98.0 9.9 10.5 Slovenia 16.8 261.0 6.8 4.7 Slovakia 18.2 188.1 10.8 4.5 Finland 16.6 419.7 2.6 5.7 Sweden 14.5 355.9 6.9 6.3 United Kingdom 12.0 … 4.4 0.5 Iceland 12.0 … 3.2 6.4 Norway 16.9 416.2 -1.4 3.5 Switzerland … … 3.5 2.1 United States … … 6.7 4.9 Japan … … -0.1 5.9

25 Agriculture

General survey (Situation on May 15th) 1990 2000 20091 20103 Number of farms (total) 3803 2728 2242 2201 Farms of 2 ha and more 3280 2393 2012 1981 Average area (in ha) 38.4 53.2 64.9 66.1 Family farm population2 14593 9509 7266 6790 Family farm labour force2 8230 5554 4489 4314 of which: Farmers 3617 2568 2144 2115 Others 4613 2986 2345 2199 Utilised agricultural area (in ha) 126298 127643 130762 131106 of which in %: Cereals 26.1 22.4 23.3 22.7 Forage crops 15.1 20.4 18.4 19.5 Other crops on arable land 3.1 4.9 5.6 5.1 Meadows 22.0 16.4 6.9 6.7 Pastures 32.5 34.8 44.6 44.7 Vineyards 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 Other crops 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 Equine livestock 1722 3154 4562 4601 Bovine livestock 217451 205072 196470 198830 Sheep livestock 7281 7971 8824 9084 Pig livestock 75463 80141 80217 83774

1 breaks in series - extension of the survey scope 2 without wage-earners 3 provisional figures

Crop production 1990 2000 2010 2011 in tonnes Wheat, spelt and rye 45880 64790 88592 81029 Other crops 102050 88040 77593 68562 Colza 5200 8370 15895 15574 Dried pulses 1360 1240 973 623 Potatoes 24870 23430 19531 19679 Maize (dry matter) 125550 130240 181104 169786 Other forage crops (dry matter) 71770 113757 97048 79874 Grassland and pasturage (dry matter) 322040 632534 467926 363218

Animal products 1990 2000 2010 2011 in 1000 tonnes Meat1 22.5 24.4 32.3 33.6 Milk 281.7 264.5 295.3 292.2 1 slaughterings + export of live animals - import of live animals

26 Forestry

1990 2000 2003 2004 in hectares Forest area 88620 88818 89785 ... Public forest 40986 41812 42779 ... Private forest 47634 47006 47006 ...

in m3 Production of raw wood 706077 306254 254085 252700 of which: broad-leaved wood 246587 170321 130602 128500 coniferous wood 459490 135933 123483 124200 Import of raw wood 231208 753400 1475300 867000 Export of raw wood 662982 218700 218500 279000

Woodland cover

< 10 %

10-19 %

20-29 %

30-39 %

40-49 %

>_ 50 %

27 Wine-growing

1999/00 2009/10 2010 /11 2011/12 in 1000 hectolitres 1. Wine production 184.3 134.8 110.2 132.0 of which: Rivaner 73.7 47.2 35.4 44.5 Elbling 26.9 16.1 11.6 15.7 Auxerrois 19.9 19.5 17.5 18.7 Riesling 19.0 14.5 9.9 13.6 Pinot blanc 19.3 14.0 14.3 13.9 Pinot gris 17.9 13.9 13.0 14.7 Chardonnay 0.7 1.5 0.9 1.4 Pinot noir 5.6 6.6 6.8 7.8 Gewürztraminer 1.0 1.1 0.5 1.4 Others 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 2. Import 255.6 228.8 190.3 …. 3. Stock variation 42.0 5.0 -26.5 …. 4. Total offer (4) = (1) + (2) - (3) 397.9 358.6 327.0 …. 5. Export 57.7 52.3 69.2 …. 6. Re-export 43.7 27.6 26.0 …. 7. Domestic sales (7) = (4) - (5) - (6) 296.5 278.7 231.8 ….

Industry

Activity indices 2008 2009 2010 2011 Production Index 100 in 2005 Total industry 96.7 81.1 89.1 86.6 Intermediate products 99.9 83.3 89.8 86.1 Capital goods 103.9 74.3 82.0 84.3 Consumer goods 81.7 77.5 87.5 86.1 Energy 97.8 94.5 105.6 95.8 Iron and steel 119.1 90.2 105.0 110.1 Other industries 94.5 80.3 87.5 84.2

Turnover Total industry 118.8 86.7 96.1 104.7 Intermediate products 128.2 88.8 100.7 109.4 Capital goods 113.3 84.3 95.8 108.5 Consumer goods 96.0 82.3 82.6 87.3 Iron and steel 191.6 96.0 120.0 140.0 Other industries 104.8 84.9 91.4 97.8

28 Producer price index 2008 2009 2010 2011 Index 100 in 2005 Total industrial products 122.26 112.92 116.29 126.34 Intermediate products 126.21 109.52 115.89 130.13 Capital goods 110.00 111.35 114.15 120.21 Consumer goods 100.99 103.41 103.64 106.42 Energy goods 138.69 138.17 132.61 138.13 Domestic market prices 135.44 123.54 124.86 131.85 EU market prices 117.14 106.92 112.32 122.26 Export prices 120.13 112.28 113.61 127.95

Steel industry 1990 2000 2010 2011 in 1000 tonnes Production Iron ore import 6173 - - - Steel 3560 2571 2548 2521 Rolled steel products 3199 3360 2506 2412 Finished rolled products 2773 2918 2276 2219 Shapes (joists, etc.) 1192 1058 1272 1325 Merchants products 643 750 427 320 Sheets and coils 632 1033 577 574 Hot rolled hoops and strips 278 - - - Cold rolled hoops and strips 28 77 - - Semi-finished products 426 442 230 193

Handicraft

1990 2000 2010 2011 Number of enterprises 3724 4153 5499 5770 of which: Construction 1510 1953 2825 2975 Number of employees 34146 46756 68261 71664 of which: Construction 21612 31770 47942 49873 Number of workers 28593 38096 53670 55249 of which: Construction 19185 27216 39326 40257 Persons employed 38851 51165 72988 76596 of which: Construction 23290 33560 50005 62024

29 Construction

Activity indices 2008 2009 2010 2011 Index 100 in 2005 Production 103.3 104.3 104.4 106.7 Building and civil engineering 97.5 100.9 100.8 106.5 Specialized construction activities 109.2 107.7 108.4 107.0

Building permissions 2008 2009 2010 2011 Number of buildings 1788 1622 1900 2060 Number of dwellings 4017 3684 3891 4323 Interior space (in 1000 m3) 6299 5553 5495 6588

Tourism

1990 2000 2010 2011 Number of establishments 528 436 387 383 Hotels and similar establishments 401 324 285 283 Camping sites 127 112 102 100

Capacities Hotels and similar establishments (rooms) 7895 7652 8467 8588 Camping sites (persons) 50600 46102 49238 48902

x 1000 Arrivals of tourists All types of accommodation 855 895 842 934 Hotels and similar establishments 548 607 673 714 Camping sites 219 192 125 136 Other types of accomodation 88 96 44 84

x 1000 Overnight stays of tourists All types of accommodation 2732 2676 1833 2246 Hotels and similar establishments 1194 1263 1226 1379 Camping sites 1206 1041 487 639 Other types of accomodation 332 372 120 229

30 Transport

Roads (Situation on January 1st) 1980 1990 2000 2011 in km National network 2871 2775 2863 2899 of which: Motorways 44 78 115 152

1991 2000 2010 2011 in millions of tkm1 Road goods transport Total 3173 7476 8655 8837 Inland traffic 420 448 572 650 International traffic 2753 7028 8083 8187

1 tonne-kilometre

Motor vehicles (Situation on January 1st) 1990 2000 2011 2012 Type of vehicles Total 219293 318914 419154 430097 of which: Motorcycles 3334 10810 15753 16225 Passenger cars 183404 263475 337239 345575 Motor coaches 734 984 1636 1703 Lorries 11275 19226 30158 31457 Road tractors and special vehicles 6071 5258 8029 8027

1996 2000 2011 2012 Passenger cars by label in % Volkswagen 12.8 13.9 14.1 14.4 BMW 5.0 5.7 8.7 8.8 Audi 5.5 5.8 7.9 8.1 Renault 9.6 8.6 7.3 7.0 Mercedes 4.5 5.5 6.8 6.8 Peugeot 6.0 6.3 6.8 6.7 Citroën 4.0 4.4 5.7 5.6 Ford (D) 10.0 9.1 5.6 5.5 Opel 8.5 7.1 4.2 4.1 Hyundai 0.4 0.9 4.1 4.1 Others 33.7 32.7 28.8 28.9

31 New registrations of new motor vehicles (four and more wheels) 1990 2000 2010 2011 Total 42015 47064 54614 55703 of which: Passenger cars 38648 42304 49726 49881

Railways 1990 2000 2010 2011 Utilised railways (in km) 271 274 275 275 Passenger-km (in millions) 261 332 344 349 Tonnes-kilometres (in millions)1 709 683 323 288

1 since 2007, without transit traffic

Luxembourg airport 1990 2000 2010 2011 Passengers (in thousands) 1072 1669 1630 1791 of which: Transit 64 7 - 0 Freight (in tonnes) 142956 499911 705080 705370 of which: Transit 464 3 733 1190

Port of 1990 2000 2010 2011 in 1000 tonnes Loaded 947 491 147 124 of which: Steel products 570 160 141 119 Unloaded 735 1109 685 660 of which: Fuel 494 420 446 439 Steel products 76 422 133 124 Construction materials 117 87 21 17 Agricultural products 27 81 55 50

Luxembourg airport

Passengers (x 1000) Freight (1000 tonnes) 2000 1000 1800 Passengers 900 1600 Freight 800 1400 700 1200 600 1000 500 800 400 600 300 400 200 200 100 0 0 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

32 Financial activities

Banking (Situation on December 31st) 1990 2000 2010 2011 Number of banks 177 202 146 142 Employees 16335 23035 26255 26696 of which: Women 7819 10613 12040 12252

in billions of EUR Total balance sheet 309.4 647.7 769.3 796.6 Total credits 260.9 446.4 555.2 599.9 Bank credits 186.8 317.3 364.0 406.3 Client credits 74.1 129.1 191.2 193.7 Total deposits 269.7 521.4 614.0 641.8 Bank deposits 145.3 297.7 348.2 368.8 Client deposits 124.4 223.7 265.8 273.0 Net profit (after taxes) 0.5 2.4 3.9 2.9

Banks by geographical origin May 2012

Geographical origin Luxembourg Belgium 16

Germany 40

France 14

Switzerland 10

Italy 8

United Kingdom 8

Sweden 7

USA 6

Japan 5

Other countries 29 0 10 20 30 40 50 Number of banks

33 Undertaking for collective investment (UCI) (Situation on December 31st) 1990 2000 2010 2011 Unit investment trust funds Number 268 914 1944 1948 Net assets (in billions of EUR) 34.5 462.8 652.2 609.6 Investment companies (SICAV) Number 501 840 1701 1864 Net assets (in billions of EUR) 35.3 404.0 1540.1 1476.5 Other UCI Number 36 31 22 33 Net assets (in billions of EUR) 2.4 7.8 6.7 10.4

Insurance (Situation on December 31st) 1990 2000 2010 2011 in millions of EUR Total amount of gross premiums written1 393.1 6865.4 24691.0 17070.6 Life 117.1 6028.6 22384.9 14657.0 Non-life 276.0 836.8 2306.1 2413.5 of which: Fire, natural elements 38.2 64.7 274.0 276.2 Accidents - Civil liability 106.2 189.1 462.8 464.6 Legal protection insurance 4.4 9.3 37.1 41.2 Number Insurance companies 60 93 95 93 Reinsurance companies 136 264 244 242

1 provisional figures 2011

Interest rates 1990 2000 2010 2011 in % Savings deposit rate1,2 4.75 3.35 0.87 1.36 Mortgage rate1 8.25 5.98 2.11 2.29 Legal interest rate 8.50 5.00 3.50 3.50

1 situation in December 2 since 2003, deposits with agreed maturity up to 2 years

Luxembourg Stock Exchange 1990 2000 2010 2011 Quotation lines 10131 19690 44916 44369 Turnover (in millions of EUR) 651 2820 219 262 Price by ingot of 1 kg of fine gold (in EUR)1 10247 9732 29862 36455

1 daily average

34 Communication

Postal and Telecommunications services (Situation on December 31st) 1990 2000 2010 2011 Postal accounts 93473 117411 128934 132966 Telephone connections 183700 330988 357909 352509 Mobile phone subscriptions (LUXGSM) … 180563 385407 401302 Postal items (in millions) … 247.9 258.8 257.7

Information society

Access of households to information and communication technologies (ICT) 2005 2007 2009 2011 in % of households Access at home to a computer 75 80 88 92 Access to Internet 65 75 87 91 in % of households having Internet access Households using a broadband connection 52 78 82 75 E-commerce 44 46 52 57 E-banking 54 58 62 65 Reading newspapers/news online 43 54 63 68

Equipment of enterprises 2005 2007 20091 2011 in % Enterprises using IT 97 97 97 98 Enterprises with Internet access 92 94 96 97 Enterprises with Internet access and website 64 66 71 75 Internet connection used by enterprises Broadband 70 86 91 95 ISDN or analog modem 50 41 33 26 DSL 62 80 86 87 Other fixed connections 12 16 20 28 Wireless connection 14 22 40 54

1 the application of a new nomenclature (NACE Rev. 2) starting 2009 results in a slight change in the target population of these statistics

35 National accounts

Main aggregates 2000 2009 2010 2011 in billions EUR Production approach 1. Output (at basic prices) 52.7 98.3 110.6 117.3 2. Intermediate consumption 33.1 64.5 74.0 78.5 3. Gross value added (1-2) 19.6 33.8 36.6 38.8 4. Taxes on products 2.6 4.0 4.1 4.5 5. Subsidies on products 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.4

Expenditure approach 6. Final consumption expenditure (7+8+9) 12.3 19.4 20.2 21.3 7. of households 8.7 12.4 12.7 13.5 8. of NPISH1 0.3 0.7 0.7 0.8 9. of general government 3.3 6.3 6.7 7.1 10. Gross fixed capital formation 5.1 6.4 7.5 8.9 11. Exports (12+13) 33.0 60.2 66.4 70.5 12. of goods 9.0 11.2 12.6 13.8 13. of services 24.0 49.0 53.9 56.8 14. Imports (15+16) 28.4 48.6 53.9 57.9 15. of goods 11.8 14.4 16.4 18.7 16. of services 16.6 34.1 37.5 39.2

Income approach 17. Compensation of employees 10.2 17.8 18.6 19.5 18. Operating surplus 9.1 15.7 17.6 18.9 19. Taxes on production and imports 2.7 3.9 4.1 4.4

20. GDP2 (3+4-5=6+10+11-14=17+18+19) 22.0 37.4 40.3 42.8 21. Balance of compensation of employees with ROW3 -2.5 -6.2 -6.5 … 22. Balance of taxes on production and imports with ROW3 0.1 0.0 0.0 … 23. Balance of property income with ROW3 -0.2 -6.0 -5.1 … 24. Gross national income (20+21+22+23) 19.2 25.1 28.6 … 25. Consumption of fixed capital 2.9 5.1 5.3 … 26. Net national income (24-25) 16.3 20.0 23.4 … 27. GDP2 at constant prices 25.4 32.3 33.2 … 28. GDP2 growth rate (in %) 8.4 -5.3 2.7 1.6 29. GDP2 per capita (in thousands of EUR) 50.4 75.2 79.5 82.7 30. Compensation of employees per capita (in thousands of EUR) 41.6 53.6 55.0 56.2 European System of integrated economic Accounts (ESA95) 1 NPISH: non-profit institutions serving households 2 GDP: Gross Domestic Product 3 ROW: rest of the world 36 Structure of the gross value added at basic prices (in %)

Agriculture 1.0 0.7 0.3

Iron-, steel- and metal 3.9 processing industry 3.6 Other manufacturing 2.0 industry 10.0 7.9 4.9

Energy and water 1.4 1.2 0.8

Construction 6.5 5.7 5.6

19.8

21.8 21.3

26.6 Distributive trades; lodging 25.0 and catering; transport and 22.1 communication Financial activities Estate activities, rent services and services to companies 17.2 18.7 23.0

General government services

Education, health and social 5.6 5.3 protection 5.2 Other public and private services 7.9 7.7 9.3 3.2 2.6 2.3 1995 2000 2011

37 International comparison National accounts

GDP at GDP per Real Private Consump. market inhabitant growth consump. of general prices of GDP, expendi- govern- forecast ture ment 2011 2011 2012 2011 2011 in bil. in PPS1 in % in % in % of EUR of GDP of GDP EU (27 countries) 12638 100 0.0 58.0 21.7 Belgium 368 118 0.0 53.0 24.1 Bulgaria 38 45 0.5 60.7 15.5 Czech Republic 155 80 0.0 50.5 20.9 Denmark 239 125 1.1 48.5 28.6 Germany 2571 120 0.7 57.3 19.5 Estonia 16 67 1.6 50.9 19.5 Ireland 156 127 0.5 49.8 18.3 Greece 215 82 -4.7 75.5 17.5 Spain 1073 99 -1.8 58.3 20.3 France 1997 107 0.5 57.7 24.5 Italy 1580 101 -1.4 61.3 20.5 Cyprus 18 92 -0.8 67.0 19.4 Latvia 20 58 2.2 62.1 16.2 Lithuania 31 62 2.4 63.8 18.9 Luxembourg 43 274 1.1 33.3 16.5 Hungary 101 66 -0.3 53.0 20.8 Malta 6 83 1.2 61.4 21.0 Netherlands 602 131 -0.9 44.9 28.1 Austria 300 129 0.8 53.8 18.8 Poland 370 65 2.7 61.3 18.1 Portugal 171 77 -3.3 66.3 20.1 Romania 136 49 1.4 62.0 14.4 Slovenia 36 84 -1.4 56.8 20.6 Slovakia 69 73 1.8 57.5 18.1 Finland 192 116 0.8 55.0 24.3 Sweden 387 126 0.3 47.6 26.6 United Kingdom 1747 108 0.5 64.3 22.4 Iceland 10 110 2.1 52.3 25.2 Norway 349 189 1.7 41.5 21.5 Switzerland 479 151 0.9 57.1 11.0 USA 10843 148 2.0 71.1 16.9 Japan 4220 105 1.9 60.4 20.6

1 Purchasing Power Standards. Index 100 = EU-27

38 Public finances

General government expenditure and revenue 1995 2000 2010 2011 in millions of EUR General government consolidated Expenditure 5995.9 8270.1 17085.2 17987.7 Gross capital formation 581.0 847.2 1619.6 1726.5 Social benefits 2736.1 3775.3 8190.6 8479.9 Revenue 6361.5 9583.4 16741.6 17734.5 Taxes on production and imports 1660.2 2966.0 4746.9 5081.3 Current taxes on income, wealth, etc. 2314.0 3286.1 5738.1 5981.9 Social contributions 1656.1 2403.3 4742.9 5098.8 Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) 365.7 1313.3 -343.5 -253.3

Central government Expenditure 4103.5 5901.6 12280.9 12802.7 Revenue 4188.9 6513.2 11252.3 11759.2 Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) 85.3 611.6 -1028.6 -1043.4

Local governments Expenditure 896.9 1143.1 2105.0 2283.9 Revenue 952.6 1257.0 2163.1 2333.7 Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) 55.6 114.0 58.1 49.9

Social security funds Expenditure 2511.7 3510.2 7273.7 7588.2 Revenue 2736.4 4097.9 7900.6 8328.5 Net lending (+) / Net borrowing (-) 224.7 587.7 627.0 740.3

Public debt 1995 2000 2010 2011 in millions of EUR Central government 715.6 901.8 6712.4 6811.3 of which: Foreign debt 3.4 42.7 147.5 150.6 Local governments 401.8 454.3 960.1 974.6 Social security funds 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 Total 1117.7 1356.4 7672.5 7785.9

39 External trade

Exports and imports by section Exports Imports 2010 2011 2010 2011 in millions of EUR Group of divisions of the SITC1 Total 10785.4 12028.8 16421.9 18598.6 1. Food and live animals 671.6 717.4 1341.5 1387.9 2. Beverages and tobacco 192.5 214.5 434.7 444.9 3. Crude materials, oils, fats and waxes 386.7 507.5 1456.7 1820.3 4. Mineral fuels, lubricants 99.3 95.7 2042.6 2382.6 5. Chemicals and related products 856.6 907.8 1607.0 1822.4 6. Manufactured goods in metals 3152.5 3461.0 1465.0 1631.1 7. Other manufactured goods classified chiefly by material 1760.7 1962.1 1167.7 1426.5 8. Machinery 1765.6 1868.2 2236.7 2369.2 9. Transport equipment 792.7 1082.8 2484.0 3034.4 10. Other manufactured goods 1107.3 1211.8 2186.1 2279.3

1 Standard international trade classification

Trade balance

in millions of EUR 20000 17500 Trade balance 15000 Exports Imports 12500 10000 7500 5000 2500 0 -2500 -5000 -7500 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11

40 External trade by countries Exports Imports 2010 2011 2010 2011 in millions of EUR Total 10785.4 12028.8 16421.9 18598.6 Europe 9558.4 10541.7 15650.4 17307.6 European Union (27 countries) 8985.0 9735.9 15172.1 16914.4 of which: Germany 3085.9 3373.6 4733.5 5396.6 Austria 167.9 198.7 111.0 131.7 Belgium 1383.0 1475.3 5728.5 6307.4 Denmark 79.7 91.5 37.9 45.0 Spain 204.2 219.3 118.8 131.7 Finland 41.2 47.2 13.1 20.9 France 1768.7 1911.4 2176.4 2227.2 Ireland 25.2 21.8 70.3 83.2 Italy 526.2 517.7 386.1 439.0 Netherlands 554.0 618.5 1113.2 1178.2 Poland 213.3 250.9 108.3 174.3 Portugal 35.1 30.3 39.5 43.7 Czech Republic 92.2 112.7 90.9 124.2 United Kingdom 465.5 462.1 234.9 369.4 Slovenia 31.6 41.8 12.4 12.9 Sweden 130.0 157.1 72.4 80.7 Other countries of Europe 573.4 805.8 478.4 393.2 of which: Switzerland 200.2 339.3 432.8 334.4 Russia 105.3 125.8 10.5 12.9 Turkey 99.2 125.0 17.9 30.6 Outside of Europe 1226.9 1487.1 771.4 1290.9 America 467.3 632.3 383.9 882.9 of which: USA 284.4 413.1 347.2 844.8 Canada 61.3 83.4 26.0 28.4 Brazil 33.6 30.4 2.5 6.8 Asia 618.1 684.3 382.0 401.4 of which: China 133.1 172.8 88.9 104.9 Japan 40.5 43.1 97.6 138.0 Hong Kong 135.0 131.9 100.2 45.3 Taiwan 13.1 19.7 18.6 28.6 South Korea 22.6 23.1 5.0 6.2 Indonesia 3.9 10.7 9.6 12.1 India 43.7 54.2 8.8 11.8 Africa 116.3 136.1 3.6 4.7 Oceania 25.0 34.3 1.5 1.8 Others 0.2 0.0 0.5 0.2

41 Balance of current account

2007 2008 2009 20101 20111 in millions of EUR 1. Goods -3479 -4571 -3247 -4112 -5267 Exports 13446 14507 11071 12582 13818 Imports 16925 19078 14318 16695 19085 2. Services 19884 19955 17957 22683 22973 Credits 47360 46487 41857 50351 52512 Debits 27476 26532 23901 27667 29539 3. Income -11151 -11521 -11246 -14805 -13489 a. Compensation of employees -5486 -6211 -6375 -6610 -6863 Credits 1038 1088 1125 1170 1248 Debits 6525 7298 7500 7779 8111 b. Investment income -5665 -5310 -4872 -8195 -6626 Credits 121628 135844 96142 103168 131204 Debits 127293 141154 101014 111363 137831 4. Current transfers -1470 -1861 -1036 -676 -1184 Credits 4359 4968 4772 4990 5180 Debits 5829 6829 5807 5667 6364

Current account (1) + (2) + (3) + (4) 3784 2002 2428 3090 3033

1 provisional figures

Balance of current account in millions of EUR 25000 22500 Trade balance 20000 Balance of services 17500 Balance of income 15000 Balance of current account 12500 10000 7500 5000 2500 0 -2500 -5000 -7500 -10000 -12500 -15000 -17500 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11

42 Prices and wages

Consumer prices in June 2012 (in EUR)

Bread (500 g sliced) 2.1 Fuel oil (1 l) 0.8 Croissant (1 piece) 0.9 Briquets (1000 kg) 361.9 Porc chop (1 kg) 8.2 Medical consultation, general Fresh milk (1 l) 1.2 practitioner 36.8 Eggs (a dozen) 3.6 Med. cons., specialist (int. medicine) 37.2 Butter (500 g) 3.3 Petrol 95 octane (1 l) 1.4 Potatoes (5 kg) 5.9 Diesel (1 l) 1.2 Coffee (250 g) 3.4 Taxi ride, one way (4 km) 14.2 Mineral water without fizz (1.5 l) 0.6 Telephone (monthly subscription) 18.4 Soft drinks (1 l) 1.0 Movie ticket 8.2

National consumer price index 2009 2010 2011 change rate in % General index (= Inflation rate) 0.4 2.3 3.4 Food, non-alcoholic beverages 1.4 0.9 2.6 Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 4.1 2.9 1.8 Clothing and shoes 0.5 0.1 0.0 Housing, water, electricity and combustible -2.7 4.7 6.9 Furniture, household outfit and repair 2.1 1.2 1.7 Health -1.0 1.2 11.6 Transport -2.4 3.8 4.2 Communication -0.7 0.0 0.2 Leisure, spectacle and culture 5.2 0.8 0.8 Education 2.2 3.2 6.7 Hotels, cafes and restaurants 2.7 2.4 2.6 Miscellaneous goods and services 0.7 1.3 3.0

Building price index Index 100 in 1970 (annual average) 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 613.32 629.56 649.17 669.88 677.10 682.08 702.03

Social minimum wage in January 2012 Rate Min. hourly Min. monthly gross wage gross wage in % in EUR in EUR (Index 737.83) Skilled adults 120 12.50 2161.78 Non skilled adults 100 10.41 1801.49 17 to <18 years 80 8.33 1441.19 15 to <17 years 75 7.81 1351.11

43 Consumption

Final consumption of households on the economic territory (including VAT and self-consumption) 2007 2008 2009 2010 in millions of EUR 1. Food, non-alcoholic beverages 1180 1281 1319 1343 2. Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 1227 1199 1270 1262 3. Clothing and shoes 493 504 523 537 4. Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels 3090 3304 3389 3570 5. Furniture, household outfit and repair 928 989 979 996 6. Health 275 311 314 310 7. Transport 2471 2606 2330 2502 8. Communication 243 247 252 254 9. Leisure, entertainment and culture 1111 1159 1185 1205 10. Education 89 107 113 128 11. Hotels, cafes and restaurants 1003 1033 1027 1021 12. Miscellaneous goods and services 1459 1613 1617 1538 Total (at current prices) 13570 14352 14317 14667

in % 1. Food, non-alcoholic beverages 8.7 8.9 9.2 9.2 2. Alcoholic beverages and tobacco 9.0 8.4 8.9 8.6 3. Clothing and shoes 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.7 4. Housing, water, electricity, gas and other fuels 22.8 23.0 23.7 24.3 5. Furniture, household outfit and repair 6.8 6.9 6.8 6.8 6. Health 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 7. Transport 18.2 18.2 16.3 17.1 8. Communication 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.7 9. Leisure, entertainment and culture 8.2 8.1 8.3 8.2 10. Education 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 11. Hotels, cafes and restaurants 7.4 7.2 7.2 7.0 12. Miscellaneous goods and services 10.8 11.2 11.3 10.5 Total 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

44 Individual consumption of residents 2007 2008 2009 2010 in millions of EUR 1. Actual individual consumption on the economic territory 13570 14352 14317 14667 2. Actual individual consumption of non- residents on the economic territory 3173 3282 3063 3093 3. Actual individual consumption of residents abroad 1049 1109 1121 1172 4. Actual individual consumption of residents (4) = (1) - (2) + (3) 11446 12179 12376 12746

Consumer price index

Index 100 in 1948 in % 900 12 General index evolution 800 Annual inflation rate 10 700 8 600 6 500 4 400 2 300 200 0 100 -2 1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Consumer price index for fuel (annual average)

180 Index 100 in 2005 Fuel oil 160 Diesel Motor petrol 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 95 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11

45 International comparison Prices and finances

Price Social General Harmonised level protection government inflation index expenditures consolid. debt 2011 2011 2009 2011 in % EU-27=100 in % of GDP in % of GDP EU (27 countries) 3.1 100.0 29.5 82.5 Belgium 3.5 112.9 30.4 98.0 Bulgaria 3.4 45.9 17.2 16.3 Czech Republic 2.1 73.5 20.4 41.2 Denmark 2.7 136.8 33.4 46.5 Germany 2.5 104.5 31.4 81.2 Estonia 5.1 70.8 19.2 6.0 Ireland 1.2 109.4 27.9 108.2 Greece 3.1 92.0 28.0 165.3 Spain 3.1 93.3 25.0 68.5 France 2.3 113.6 33.1 85.8 Italy 2.9 102.9 29.8 120.1 Cyprus 3.5 89.6 20.9 71.6 Latvia 4.2 66.5 16.8 42.6 Lithuania 4.1 61.3 21.3 38.5 Luxembourg 3.7 119.9 23.1 18.2 Hungary 3.9 61.0 23.4 80.6 Malta 2.5 72.9 20.0 72.0 Netherlands 2.5 109.7 31.6 65.2 Austria 3.6 110.5 30.8 72.2 Poland 3.9 59.2 19.7 56.3 Portugal 3.6 82.5 26.9 107.8 Romania 5.8 52.0 17.1 33.3 Slovenia 2.1 82.6 24.3 47.6 Slovakia 4.1 68.9 18.8 43.3 Finland 3.3 121.7 30.3 48.6 Sweden 1.4 129.1 32.1 38.4 United Kingdom 4.5 101.8 29.2 85.7 Iceland 4.2 114.3 25.4 98.8 Norway 1.2 148.5 26.4 29.0 Switzerland 0.1 153.9 … … USA … 93.6 … … Japan … 125.5 … …

46 Ministry of the Economy Luxembourg and Foreign Trade in figures 2012

19-21, boulevard Royal L-2449 Luxembourg Grand Duchy of Luxembourg Tel.: (352) 247-84345 Fax: (352) 26 20 27 68 [email protected] www.investinluxembourg.lu