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Page

AB ST'RA CT 7

I NTR ODUC T I ON 8

I I METHODS 9

1. Vessel t

2. Trawling operations and ^i+^h hr^- Fq q i nd

Records of trawl ing -L.'

Observation and sampling of caLch 13

Fishing strategy 1A

ud r.Jd clrrc1rysr> 1-4 iII RESULTS 14 IV DISCUSS I ON

1. Details of trawling .Lo

2. Analysis of catch rates IO

7 The commercial fish specles 1.7

A. Maj or species 18

R T accor cno.i ac 20

a Mi h^r qnar-i ac 2I

n Thai nni fi nrn+ 22

4, Trash fish 22

CONCLUSI ONS

1. Physi ography

2. Catch rates 23 7 Major species 24

VI ACK NOWLEDG EME NT S zo

VIIREFERENCES zo c '7 98 I SeOJE uu6',,,,,-- ,..1s , --. ^,,A--^^ ^,,- -,,A r q> | J JUJ vePre.J> LP Lq9rL..r J.L) +q! ' dlvr uuu lqrj Ldrvr Ll:l I J 'n r Arrv rrnc, rorlrrrnr \-lJsr-l yJ rsJ yJ LJ t c ' JrewueJ Jv t9v tJsvuvJ

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.--',n. v8 oJuc+JU\|uIuULcUJv-9!JguJL1J!+.}vuvi+'Jvvuv,YIvvcIr^.{,,,' r^rb,,r r.\ q:r \:.ic rrarrrqnr'{rrrnr rrr6rr=n ')i3oTq-qns E8 "' ::'^--^::^ _:::.^ 'zI rr.1 re LJeuo LE rJreurrlloc Jo IJoJJ€ Jo lrun JJd qJ1p3 up€ld 'sTMeJl .TT z8 TenprArpur Jo saleJ qJleJ ur ^+rcrporJJd TpuJnlC 'sa+eJ 'oT T8 l-{c+ec Jo uorlnqrr+srp aq? Jo uo5.{1od fJr.renbarJ

- A.,,.,^^ ^.,- 4,,,- '6 08 sudJe uu lxuq pup uu tL

6L +e> r\ Le+eqrr".r\,s ^^ .]I .-^^ 'r^" t i^r .-L '8 dJuur dcl uJ crJ !?1r LMSJ + dq t d lqsud qJ L qrvr (ILUPJ {CAp LIO S}iJeW '.1,/ .L 8L nJpN o^rpJ. Aq pJSn lau TMEJ-IJa11o teJrd^f V 'leN 'oN LL T uo pasn su6rsep ado-r peaL{ pue edo,r puno"r6 aq1 '9 ' 9L esrnJJ 6urqsrg: d"rol -eJoldx€ eq+ burJnp pasn s+ueuabueJJe aIp-EJq ar.{+ Jo auo 'spJeoq ., SL Ja++o Iae+s aq+ Jo uorJcnJlsuoc Jo sIrelaQ 'uorJeAaIe 'ac€ds ,L ur -A^!^^- r 6trrmnrrc !/ hrb,.,^rT-r evYru+> Pue uuL+Jrrr lruvJ !u !,{vyJ I rL rLrcn L]./\LEJ I +rJ uYLd ' IL euoz IeJSpoJ u€ I IpJJsnv uJaJSaM aq1 5uo1e slJolq-qns pu€ sIJoIq 6urqst3 JoJ ura+s^s 6ut"raqurnu aseued€f aql pup suorJTpuoc ureJJec -,,' '^-l --^^ A", -^,- 'z q+lM uJ+-+ l tl]Jdu suM rruL lrvrr?\.rI qJrq/vr u!q+TM 7-I SeAJV eL{J ',sJa+€M '9T ZL uerTeJJSnV uJa+saM uI 6Z6T Jaqure+deS o+ tT ^Tnf UIoJJ ,IL nJel/,tro.{reg, Jo {JpJ+ esrnJo or-lJ

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S:IqVT q \/Tv l1 I nlL DP I LttuluLUF i\ltl T l'L

p age 'Taiyo Dates, Ports used and blocks fished by Maru 71' whilst in W.A. waters in 1979. The accompanying appendix figure shows blocks flshed in northern W.A. waters during periods before and after observers were on board vessel . 87

2. A logsheet from the Commonwealth Department of Primary Industry Midwater and tsottom Trawling Research Log. 89

catch rates of those trawls with commercial potentiaf, showing dominant species 90

4. Si:licti..,al Annendir.. An.fl vqes of variance to examine the effects of varrous factors on (a) overall catch rates and (b) day catch rates. 91

r i e{- -a .-^mmaF.i :l I v imn.)r'l ^nj- f i c.h qnF.ri Fq tFken allJn in.t the cruise by family common, scienLiIic and Jdpanese names. 92

6. common names used in corffnonwealth Department of Primary I nduqtrV Tnawlan^ 1.-d ra-.\n.- i I od rri ]-h COmmOn names ctss I qr le(l UV uuscnvel^ S . 'MOTeq e0r (Dtuovo?/)Du c,nz,aTdncag1 pecs 5uede1 pu€ eJJueJ lrlpDnuDw ?nt,aTdntaq 1 '3^oqe 'oz pers punoJ \rv)or7n)2a ?n1/n!)D1/t) pecs ITeIMoITaI t0T ' (vuo?/ftan7 zntnl) Jaddeus oyuel '67 zot u Lsu dn uuuc uv - louve I Jv !'e L./\ u L 'pTor_{ z0r rez eeJ J Jo qcfell ol paT q3rLIM duPr re I LoJ butraoqs uroo.r burpueq nrrp 6rrrrlr,rprc =no r6 .4".-nn r"r '(1q6Tr zoI 1e puno"r61:eq 'Alquli]ssP.l-^!,!^can ---^ ---A\ A',,---A ,^^. '91 i)nTq aTI?o) du !qJcur I)uLzsLU rd+eM qsaJJ JqJ

TOT uroJJ slcolq uezoJJ Jo leôuroJ Je+stlticucuv,'6rrr^b r -.{^ ^îi rîi^r --J-J ,^ 'ET lvu lltu Lq errultY -ou Lu JU ^Tquasse) JeMoqs Jafe& flps V 'punoroaroJ TOT +qDrJ ur sT fleq 4,,-^^^,,- ,^--^,- Jh,,^ ro^€AUoJ'6urn1aqs rrlnerp^q !u I freL{- c ur\ dezeerJ- ucuS / L

TOT 'LlruuJ JdzdJJJ r-r!?us dqJ 'tT

007 -ss JUI ]\pcdJ dLsLe IJT palicefs sued lefaur Dq TT (punoJbaJoJ) deq 6ur+ros ptnbg 'zl

007 'JooTJ 6urlJos {"ro1:eg: qsrl 6utpuno.r.rns spJeoq "raddncs pue aurq3pu burqsem pJeoqJels .TT

6rrr^n-rr A"-^ - -6 ^"- A.,- ^-^.' 'u 007 du r qJsur I,u r pvdq \r s

66 -/\JO+JeJ. r r^^ ^n. qSTJ IlT JUULJ uur+J(JS4,,-^ ,^^ pdJcdLJ '8

':'+eu. -^ -,, Ari-Aii r^ , r^ ^ -,, A,,- "-6.Ja , ' 66 uLr LU(rsq\, u+ JU Ler(l +dLr UL,rLJ l_E'cltJJ LrdullvtdJ J L

quu,^^-- a---^ -^^ 86 LJ vu L+rub ^roJJpJ r-isTJ 01 burpea t L{Jfpq a^oqe,per{3urM sT puepoc

86 derte burlooqs o1 ,^-,,..| -,,-- r r^ rrnA .E I L r!s+uc! u,u l!' n q +rro pd L Lnu +urj Jo prjapoc

86 . usPqJ 'ujooJ ', uo++oq u 97 burmoqs lJpqJ ur Jepunos or-{Je ounJnC ar-{J

L6 eJn+ JnJ 1S ,^J-- pue a6pr;q burnoqs ,TL nrPn o,{reJ, JO MA rA !1Og

.6,'---^--- rnr.r ^r-h' vu L er rtrst\ u/\ 'z L6 L te"J r tL t_YL lu Msr..\ uJa+s 'V'M 'uo1 .T L6 plEJaC olur 6uruleals ,1a nJelN o^T€I , e6e4

S:lVId PLATES(cont' )

Page 2r. Striped sea pike (Sphzoena obtuzata), 103

22. Skipjack trevally (?zeud.ocanonx sp. ). r04

23. Big-spined boarfish (Undecimuz hendecacanthuz) . 104 21 . The sweetlip emperor (Lethz)nuz chngzoztomuz). 104 'D"l/D aqT /o uorT)npoud fittnwrzrd pua fi6o7oa6 aV? fo vuz/a7 ur paTaudz,aTur alTD auD puno/ v"TD?/ 1J)TD) noT "U | '6ur7ntu7 TDvl/?uDp uo/ 7nr7ua7od pa7!a'!T 6utt,nq vD pavv?vvD vDn DauD a1/T 'D?1/D puD "TqD t1/DA puD no7 fi77nuaua6 atran ,,a7D1/ !)TD) ?'L/7 7noq6noz,t17 p"TrurtT lDn ac)Ttog 6ut7nnu7 ?TqDTinv f o TunowD ?1./|

,11r,tluDoq paurdr'-6rq puo fi77ntau7 'a4td D"r, oadtuTz 'r,pD)" 'uaddnuc. o>/uaT aua(n 7q6nns tatsadr 'r/?TD?/ TuoTuodwr Tvou ?L/| qoTnc 6uown uorqD rz/DA TDTIT ?1/7 oT vuot7nq r1/Tuo) 7uD)rlru6tr. apnut r.aqzt j /o r'ut17fiyu fi7rnp pun D"?''D!7og jo ,'7)"/ja aV7 7D117panalv ?)uDruDA )a vavfiTDul/ .t?lDn daap ut puDTv[ 7v"1t7/ol/, fo 7r'arn-y7nog ({)

'puD t pTtDTr,t rlo1./Toz,gl/uDur7noH aV7 1o VTirou a7 puDT T?p? uaz// TvDoi uoTpTDua5 "q7 llA (z)

'fio57 >1uoyg p rut al v"lDoT) 7/, wouj vTr/Do) fiDS74un4gyyTnoux? ?VT jlo (t)

:2 t,t c,naun Tnttaua6 6 u t '4)oTg u?>/D? ??/?n unoy ttad auuoT l'{-p'0 f o t,?7D1/ l-/)TD) Tvafl 6utyr.t j auonl:r' aTlw O{ fig pa€ rznuwnv a2/?m DTDq lrol}" puD V)TD) 'pavvn""rp puD u?A16 aun pa7)npuo) TnD?/Tq)na /o rlTrDTa7

' 1-/J TD a V a 7/ Z/O 07 ?/? pun puD ?v7n2./:)aq7 jo uoTTDunp a1/r7u" "117 1/o1 c,uotTnuado 6urqc,t j pa?/oTruou pz/Daq uo v7/aA?/atlgoal'lTpTrf puD t/"ruayf/r I /o Tuaztt 'fiu7c.npu5 -Tvndag untTol/7"nV ur"Tv"tt ont fiuowru4, jo TuauTuodaq qTTDanuouwo) aql fiq p"nrl?r 4oog 6o7 uotT rr.odutot r'artadc. 'V)]D) puD Tuo//" 6urtlzrl n aTaTduos o1 paz,rnbaz, rlDn T?vvaA a1./| 'ua7f/qoT >/)02/ u1/a7v"0 aH| 2/o/ zpunozr6 6u71/7rl aq7 paddnTtaao 'apn7ITDT fi77utd U2llJn D"uD uD S,Otogt. puD apnT!7DT Sol? uaan7ag 7f/Do) uDtTDuTvnv uta7v?ty ?u7 //o 6/'6'91-61'1'(l poruad "VT u! 6ut7nou7 fivoTauoTdxa T)npuol o7 uotvztwz,ad 'u'a7nnz,7 Tnrtadv uat16 c,nn t l./ nuD1t ofito 1, TDvl/?a"p ar.auodnf, y

J)vulssv

'0209 eTTe.r?snv ura+saM 'qceag q+f,oN ,02 xog 'o.al ssT.roleroqeT r{c.reeseu euT.rPW ueTTe.r+snv uralseM f,e>[TPM'H'W puP pTeeH 'I'q 616I Ulsl,'l3l-d3s- Alnn soTZl0 H1n0ssuSrvM'lvl-svoJ NVI'lvursnv NUllslM Nr rsrnuJ 9NrlMvur1vsu1N30 ,Il nuvhio^rvr, ,286I ' 'oN .?dau .4snv .fsaM .TpTTM .rls-F.{.1daCI t0T-T TS I NTROIUCT I (]N

n^a^^linnc af fnnainn fichih^ t' n:ur'l anc onn=nori - -..in f. a:eihilil--*------v ""^' -s fr riqhinrr rrrttrv q1-rrdiFq r^rirh had been limi Led by government to north of latitude 21"S. Permission was [F:i ^i,'ah f^F \'^ Miru 71' to -undertake one demersaf trawling cruise soubh from 21"S bo 35*30'S for bhe purpose of investigating dernersal Lrawling grounds, fish speci es presenL and Lhe likefv pobenLial lor trawling in Lhis area (Figure 1).

Some previous trawling data for this area are available. f ha\,f i n..lrrria +ha ni.\naar.i nd .-r.r|i ee .ra fha cai li n^ l"Flr.h rRin' which made 1O1 trawfs in depths from 12-75 m between SLrark Bay and Geographe Bay in 1904 (Gale 1905). The catches from this cruise included crabs, fish and a good showlng of prawns

urhi nh annarrnraod 1-ha JvvJUYqu,,errhcoast from Shark Bay to Cape Leeuwi n \21" 3a"S) in depths from 25O m-25OO m. 'Kaiyo Maru' identified i59 fish qncr-i oq For tha r^,Fq1- -^Act- rlnar F ^,ic+F-l i:n Ri.rht Fn.l r^ralcr5 off Norfofk IsIand (unpublished Department Report).

In June 1978 the British United Trawfer "Orslno", one of three vessels to fish in the creat Australian Bight under ^ ,l.)inl Fiqhinn Arr:n.rFmanf nnndrrr-lF.l q oynl^r^f -r\/ l^a,., la in depths of 36-183 m between 33"13'5 and 34"46'5. 2.5 tonne of commercial fish was obtaj ned includ-lng sharks, leaLherjackeLs, kni fe iaw. ,John dcrrv .nraFn qnAnner .rnil nFnnv.rF i Thc rre

Western Austrafia's most important export species - the western rock lobster, t)anuL) ,zuz cggnua George 19b2 j-nhabits Lhe area between 27"S and 34"S and is fished in depths down Lo 95 fathom. ' A f iqhFnr/jlvl},!rl'\'^',,vy'!Vuuyclllu fnn ni ht" fisheries, Iim-ltatlons on 'Taiyo trawllng by Maru 71' were set as follows (see Figure 2):

Exmouth coast (Area 1)

22o-zlos: Lo 12 nauticaf miles from the W.A. coast.

Shark Bay coast (Area 2)

240-2605: waters deeper than the Loo fathom (183 m) line. ...,.. ro..i={EYn':"i",:?TilHx:.';:l]"i;::3 :"::::"=jlt 6u1urea1s Jo 6urMo+ snonr_rr+uoc Jepun . suor+pTncleJ ^Jrsuap 'auuof /aunTo^ uro.r3: E66 oq o? p€feujr+sa s€^l sploq qsrJ t ar_{f .^€p uroJJ a6€Jo+s uazoJJ lecrleJoar{f lefoJ JecI aurroJ t '\ Jo ,{ T-D.{Da ,.{,^-^,., -,,6.-- .--^, - c a+r,{ Lt,rcs 5!.rcl ddJJ uyu5 d+r?luL+LnLU lq()te oJJM JJSilJ 'suorleorunuuroc 'M't{ 'd.H ,.d-H.11 pue pellruL"red sJe resupJJ orpeu . r, r^,^rr,-r--, -t 1\Ld.r\L+Jdu:idJ rDUeJ ATTU leJTlneu g6 pu€ OE JO SJeppJ OJT/\TN -'C'A'f'oMl ^q pep ino.rd sEM dn{Jeq uorlebrnelt .an6o"rp aq_l uroJJ r prr6rc \b {^ ^-r. n i-^,!ra^

^',6T-rr+qIJldq d(luJl]euq-.]I^ '^--" pdlluLu^a-^^-,J ,,^,,,^,qJrqM JularuJsJ Jpuos.lleu ounJn p pup ' { q?dep u OOOZ o1 abue.r e L{1TM ( 7 €18 Td repunos utof f oq ounrnc 'u ) ZH).t Oc-BZ e OOZ 1o1 Suruorqrsod snonurJuoJ erre6 qc rqvi .ro1e6Lae11 ofrTTafps CZOLUN ue pepnTrur Jueurdrnbe abpr.rg .Ja+eM .radaep ut pas€aJoep fnq s+ou{ t-, ae auop ^Ilensn seM 6urIM€JJ, .,TL nJel^l . o^TpJ, Jo +upld uorlplaTa rlE sMoqs q e.rnbrg sJou1 6. rI Ja peads 6ursrnJc urnujrxeu e aaeb qJ-IqM dH oOOZ padoTarap eurbua 'pf.l .o3 Lireur JaH ^fd ETTeJJSnV lrl€ulns ol uEdpf Furqsrg o^TEJ aqf uoJJ JaJJEqJ Japun asrnJc aL{+ JoJ pabpbua spM (t T ,euuol se+eld) JaTMetJ uJals ur 69 gLrI e ,T/ nleht o^rpJ, -ttssrA

S00 H1-ll^l 11 'pJeoq uo eJaM sJa^Jesqo alrr_{M apeur TMeJI .sar:ads ^JeAa JoJ aJn+dpJ Jo peJp oq p.re6a"r ;e1n:r1;ed qfTM ,qJ1pJ .(L Tpr3Jeuuoa pue lJoJJe 6urqsrf s+uJUnJop 1.roda.r srql .. , ^, ,1JZrh x rpud(rus pur? u8b I uouv ) sJiJ leM uerTr?Jlsnv uJJlsal\4 uT ls [ !qM , L nJeN o^TeJ, ^q appuj sasrnJJ 6urqsrg: +sef q Jo sarJ€s aq+ r,rT 'o11 .oNl (rzt-I s l^'lpr+ ) 7 dr"rl Jo IIe pue ( T6TV-ttTV sIMErf ) t ,{-,- -^ ^ --.J - .JSTnJO urJ+ JU JJeu sJan oJ esrnJJ €ql ^Jo-rpJo ldxa .rq1 ,o uorJeJnp aql JoJ suorlpJedo s,Iessa^ aq? Jolruolx puE q3JeasaJ ,uor+Tpp€ r-{e+J€pun o+ paJTnDaJ aJaM sJe^Jasqo uerIeJlsnV oMl r_rf ' urof foq ,^ A,-- .- ^ ^ e L.lE Lracr+ uv !Je^u3srp pooqrlalTl aL{f ano;dut r ot- 3 gTT Jo ' o- _- o+ pspuelxa s€M JrlxrI uJelsea eq1 pu€ pe^oueJ spM + TruT1 _eSIrLJJ uJdq+rlosr cql ,- dql-,,^ uutJ|(4,,- ,*- _r?dJe UTMn€J.l =r{p r :r rn r6rrnr crrrr.Y_+ *Pq1 lSPa JaqlJpJ OU,'^,, ^---",4,,^ fi,oT-qTT -^^- , 6,,^- dpr+ rI.JuoL c)+ Sdltul lvJ L lueLtr dl ucq.l Jdudap sJJIE)M : s'9r -zt

(7 Earv) Jseos fsaM L{Jnos

'SJS1\JASqO/JJ€+S qCJ€eSaJ pJEOq UO Jo uor?eJJsrp 3q1 Je poururaJap aq 01 ( uj BZ T ) urorllpJ O/ o+ s€ar€ palJaTas JoJ lda:xa uroqlp] oOT ueql ;edeao sJaleM :<_z<- a7 ' "o-- o -

(t eerv) Jseo3 qJrad uofplera5 2. TRAl/.ILI NG OPERATIONSAND PROCESSINGOF THE CATCH

Tha f n I | .-\k,i .d doqr- ni ni i nn e, f +nas'1 ind ^non:I i^nc =n.l nn.t.Feqi n^ of the catch on board (2a-d) 'i q l:naolrr dr:u,n f nnm : Tlonarl-menl:l mimeo (tsack, 1geo).

( a ) /l aL4 aftd zi gg) ng

f-ive otter trawl nets, of slightly different construct- ian=| rli manqinn< ri^^ind:n.l mcch

heaclrope length 43-5O m rrrrTrrndnnnc I onafh \7-64 m vertical opening 5*6 m wing and belly meshes 13.5-15 cm codend mesh 10 cm, codend finer/sfeeve 6.5 cm.

F'i ^,1ha 7 iq : ]-rrni c: l nal- rlaqian rrearl ,.l,,ri h^ 1-ha nnrri

(b) Shool:ing aaay

once suitabfe fishjng ground had been locaLed by echosounding and flsh finding equipment, a course was set in preparat.ion for ch^.\Fi nn Ahr^1,f j-hF f rawf net. WhilSt bhe \/eseal r^rFq .-.rm in.r nn tO course, the cod end was Lred off and winched out by the deck crew (Pfate 5), then the netr was shot away on the cornnand of the duty nfficpr nn l-ha hnirlrrs. Once the codend was drawn out from the r.eql. of t.he nFt. hv n.\r^rar ^nnl-i ad :t l-hc clann n:ntnv Fh6 h^^k connected to a blte-off rope at the codend was fficked off m:nrrellrr I hcrchrr ral-aqinn 1-ha ..\.j^h.l d^r^rn fha

r/^\ un"li-,1 "', \u,/

Fifteen lninutes before nauling commenced the vessef's public address system warned crews to get ready. Ten minutes later when a second warning was given, 2-3 men proceeded to the winch Fqqemhl tz and A mFn +^^1. ,lh +h6i^ ^^diriOnS at the Stern and On erther side of the deck ramp. Upon a signal from the bridge, hauling up commenced. The winches were engaged together but ..\,rl .l ha nnan:1- ad i ndonanrian+ l\r i f I ha naanrronrr nf nna al-t- an board was ahead of the other.

10 TT

'efnl{s qsee Jo pue eqf JE sJaooncs ^-alr/-l -6,n] ^,,^ rr6h^ -r : + y LiruM /\dqr^rrr I u5^- 5JJd ru uJL"^-,.T r sdr-rLruub-16,,-d- duJs L uuqJ.r^l Ol 'sJoq 'ujl €s€r]f p€sn ueu eqJ €lE 1d 1aals 9 prTos otut1 ubrsao ^^ - ,--,,-4,, '- 1A' '^x- ' - ',h-I' -A rh u'l sJddu Lrrud dLl,l pd L pdJd+urrLrJud duuuLrS Jo SO t1 L.luenD aoJU I JI-{f _qScJl ,(TTp:\Taprr|.-\Inp rrr-^ rÂ.I^ ^ \1-1'J^ dql p lu./\ /\LL a\a ,4 Jl+S lurl+JUr.ruU pJLtrduU LIAU] 'p€IIoJ aJaM se+nqs pJeoqJp'ls pue lJod drqs aql uauM ^lletJadse ,-J^- ,,-- 'papootJ", r , r,- , Â n lrsed dJ()r,uq5sJ',l uJoJl pe+PJPoas qsTJ .1\lltJtnD JoolJ 'sA?nr{S DUTJJOS aLIl sV r{SeJ? eqf JO UOr+3eJrp ar-il uT JooIJ el{f ^-^^-a / 'l.ulx 'urx v-ruv ,e+1.., pe-r.rer \'Erp t9 x lc-!qf 9) sssoq "r:qqn"r ape"rO r^hair ^^r^ - 1',^ A- ar-, .l ^- '-.r -\,^^r, ---A /!r,sey v'r+ v-- esrJ eq1 on {J lo o-l pusn dJdM 5)1uoq lJsLr I lElus '1T puTqeq lob uaur a€Jq1 Jo oM? uet-ll Jlour o'l l{seJl Jo sarlrJuenb -A,-- ^h,r rAc rr6rr .4 -J 5lLJtus qu rL.l uL dJd,vl u1ue1d aq1 3+a peeM abuods 'ue3co - ' ^._I.J^ \- -'r- r.A f ' r<Îr ,*. ----3 e uaqM eqJ o+ur sJuuurrJs dql qunoJq-] 'lno r-.,-7hl-\ psqsno ATIJ:..- -uuqo uq p LTLUMso lrLqs qloq Jo euo 'paureua.r qsrJ qseJf Aluo ueqM 'panPs Jq o'l seM ll31ec eq+ 'aFuods Jo lsour Jl Jo'c+a peaM Jo eeJJ seM LI3lpJ aq1 ,tr aceld -'/^ ^'rE)r-J\ LLUeu6rrr- r 1!ee.rrsrr^ pue r.l31ec €q1 paulJuoJ slue lo dtlJ (u u- - L-/ salnl{s qspJ+ pJeoqJels pup 1;od aq1 ssoJJe sa;ard J Iqen ou€J qfrM -A,-- 1^ ^^-^-^,,- .,,4-- S)tuu Lq udpuul\,iduJc L nq piiso LJud uuL53p IEJJO3 P SeM p€lCell03 aJeM s€ r3ads qs r J aTqEJrsap qJ LqM uloJJ "roo1,L 6ur1.ros aqJ

'ueOaq suorqPJado AJolJeJ ,^ -^A-^- ,^^,, r ,,,z{- -^-- dql J() sdut?Js +5JLJ dq-+ JUUIJ .1\JU+Jt?J dq+ u+r-lu pdllrLl5 l> l-J'luo3 '6 Jql sV a"rnbr3 ur uMoqs sr ubrsep ^rolcp; qslJ eLIl ;o ueld y

ruorTnz,ado fruo7cnI (p)

'Jor-{s snorAa"rd aqq uoJJ qJleJ eq} 6url.ros aouaururo3 'urebe o+ Moleq luaM MoJc Xcep I aq1 ^pMe +oqs servr Jau eqf re+JV

'(L afeTd) êMe loqs seM lau eqX aJoJeq lno parJJpJ ^lIJrnb s€M pJJrnbal sPM uJrqM abuel-lJ 'moloq "ro burpuau 1au ûp lurod srql 1V roolJ ^Jo'lJeJ aqf o-]uL 'oJSn.^ puJpuJ pdrJurL sL{-l-,'^ "A-^quruJq.l iii- pdlJuurdâ-^,.{"'- :icâ qJJPJ eq? uAqI \-- --,-.rArryl^ euTI qcurM €qf 01 patxJeqs uesq pEq eLiTI peaqJeô ue Ja+Jp 'qJr-rrM JelIpuis e trq (9 afeTd) Jenoc qclel{ 3q1 eôqe paqsurm seM puJpoJ rq+-rra ^LLeuLJ(TTh, pue polpeoeJ^^-".^.{- SPM SSdJ--*-.^ '.{ rrr. ^rrb 56Dra .D,. U1 ae 'due"r ua{eJ spM leu oqJ olur aJtq y {oap €qf oJuo pup dulpJ .lh ^-ii a,r^ 'luoJJ ^rrn c-/{^ ' ^',h^ rF .-Â^ - uue+J ey Jqf Jo pue eq I pL-rt?sJuuJ pLlnuJLJ 5duu.1 A,,-,,-,,- ^, |.,ccL.r ey-r I yvu ,,.r v-eoq 3ql uoJ J pa+3auuoJs !p r SeM uurl^zsl aq+ uuqM os -,,,^.{luluu 4,,,^^^. -ul ]e --4,,-- ^ r^ ^^^ -,^rr -.{ allJuqs dluuLs e nq pe'lJduuuJ eJdM suJ-.. L. )ttt rK2D.---T Jr-lJ 's+uaurqJplf e 6ur.roqcue 1er:ads o'l paI)lJeLls sEM I I L;1ue0 'AlleurJ uJJls aql lsurebe dn aure: pJeoq Jello qce; se uoos se 'er..ur1 'uloJJJl aler.rdoJdde eq? 1e 6urlneq JSpJJ o1 ueql 6u I t | 3tr u L -.'^J- / r aA^ ar - s,orqs dq+ eLn sJUlLueuv^ , \J^ ri^ri r^^ -+ e)ioos (suollpJJoo >iJap ro -A ,-,, - ,,- , duJvqJ ur J -{d.r ! ++u +etqJ t,ql c.JsJr"> dll I ur uo>Lr PELl /\er-i I ro-1 ls IIaM lrfun surqqoq +au puE olp lJq eqJ aas lou plnoc sJoJpJado qJUrM Jq1 pue paads IMpJI llnJ lE ur pJTnpq JJ3M sdJpM aqf SV Al1 7 to B men would work in the sorting area at one time, | ,rf ,.':c " f rr9 wi rh f irsrr sh wnenwrrf'r rh^r'i. ruL.n | -hrr ..or ror| 1, 9,^- dtp 9). Small catches requj-red four or less men to sort, teaving the other men free for deck work, maintenance and net mending.

Once sorting .'\iaS compl eted. fhe plaSLic baskets of lish woulcl either be placed in one of r*o v{asnirg machine: (Pl.ite LO), or- be emptied onto a table lor nead-Lngand gufLrng, depenoing on qL//e and species, The two washing rachin-s were accessible from the sortang area. The starboard machine (Plate 11) incorporated a Lumbljng action wjth piped waLer _eLLing aLong irs tengrh. lhe port washer was manual and started when a hose was inserted in one side.

A tw-l1-blade qaw was operoleci on rhe heaoing and gurr ing lable. This had a slide shute between the blades which disposed of the heads into the port trashr shute. The saw was always used by the same 2 men in each shift. Alongside them, stood 2 other men who gutted the headed flsh and placed them in the port washer. Ceneral 1y, al l I arge spec LFS ",,/erepl aceo on rne Lab,e f or nead. ng whilst the smaller species were retained whole, and put through I he s Larboard washer .

From tne washers, Lhe tish passed along corJey'or belLs wh_ch ran rhe length of bhe grading and pan^ing Lables. ff a large carch

.F Fi

One di vi si o- L.Jasset dsi de for squ-id and cuttlefish on the qlrrhnand arrdina F:hlo tDI^r- I ), Here, a man woufd wash and tie bhei i^ i nk Lubes to stop Lhe mess ol l--r,,,i c^ nr..drr-^^,.rhan +l1F\/ .'ano n:nnaA:n.l €F^', . _. en.

AL Lhe grad-rng bays Lhe men woll ci pack Lh- t ist^ ot equdl sf z^ (ll into n^nq kn u.\, o9\ rror r^'.inhF.\-,rrL, r d'ru:nd lho. nl-^o f l-,am ^h,, a - ^6^r --r r 1, -^--^.r -^nl/c\r-r l-r^l f Tr.- ..faq I nr\-a I | ^d .-rInnn l_he oelr tnrough the firsL salr waLer shower. Fle/.eLhe duty otticer would necord tne number ot pans of each species ano theLr grade ncf or'c n^qqad irrf.r f ha cnrn f naoza i Dl^,6 t?,

,ii lh i^ rl,-- ch-- f ^-^Zer rOOm the-e Were f o'rr I r-eezer rrnit< having access through double doors on both sides. Each side had 12-14 shelves with space for one layer of pans by five pans across (Plate 14) Once stacked into the freezers, the shelving l^r-q hvaln^lltir-al-l v c.lmrrr^FqqFd l-n fl:lrFn rh. f i

The pans were removed after a minimum freezing perlod of 6 hours Transported on a conveyor betr (Fiqune 9). Lhe pdn., ihen passed thnough Lhe ser-ond so I t waLcr -howen I P .ate Ir ) . Ihls helped to release the fish block from the pan whlch slid back onto the

L. IT

'JJ-.1 n ld LSn, JXJ pesn JJsM qJ rqM UAql O1 pOU0 LSSe SJtrPU ]pdJJrrl 'pJEoq uouruo3 pel{ sJeq+o lsTIqM uo apeur seM qsrJ eulos Jo uor+p3rJ .lr .^T- ,- r-- r ,, ^a ,, rF1, ,,rA,,r- I r- .t,_ . L-.., -,\JCISJJ IJOJ LUpnuJ o, r-- y+--, _ Lplo-] o+ JeJar L{srJ paJnspaur JoJ 'c'c'.1 pue 'T'J, suorler^aJqqp .^ ,Td 'A- ' 6"- rq pe-rd Lu -uJ :-eJ' JSInJJ Jql sJoJJq pJTJTIJJJ aq ?IJOrur oU-!.--.-r d,rrrcc >uu Jerrnucq,'r > tuee oduioJ qsEJ+ eseq+ Jo sJunouE a^r+eTel eq+ uo s+uauuroa appur sJs^J€sqo 'qspJ+ 'luJuJSSassp IproJ Jq+ ur J0uod\ Jo uo rl -rodo.;d Jq1 Jo 'sq3uEJqourseIa 'peeMEos 'r{sr-T^TIa InJosn E alqeue oJ pup t . pt PS r-Lp-u.r i^ \ dL.,uuus\4,,^?-1. JU,^ rqurd.'.,,4--^^ pdu.qu-uJ Jqq OJOJAJ Ol ,papJPJSLp usIqqnJ. uunloJ yooq6ol aq-] pJsn sJdJrJJo s,dlqs 'uoI.l rsocJLro3 qdlJdds L1spJl pup TprJJsurrlloJ Jo .l3ueu rulop oelou puP (TPlo-] Jo ooPq) pJqJ-..rPMslMPJl IIP "rT fuaSJJd SArl:dS qSLJ OJJOJS SJJn JJsqO

H]-LV]IO 9N I IdhVS ONVNOIIVAU]SgO

'sJaJr-J -.1o s.dfqs ^q tJeuJ e uo palloTd ^Ta+eJ-JJp aJaM '(l punoJb MJu rJno s MpJl llV JIqeL JJS) pab€uep Jo pd^oJ'lsJp 'peTJ^JaJ aJaM s?eu qJ rr-.{Mre^o urof foq eLI? Jo apeur spM qJlalis p --^" 1 aA-A .^ ^ , -J \- se,. 6d(rYU rdLrer rus dsLl?Jsq pLrLr n Ld+l?Jt?us5 pd+(,u eJdM esnPJ dtq.ssod Jrdql pue slMeJ+ palnoJ 'sd-lpJ q3lpJ pup ^pp Iq qJlpJ rr |-rn^nr\''J,.ar .,,a.r,,r,.c l-J L|r-J I e, r l purra EurpnlJur suorJrpuoJ JaqJEaM :aJ€nbs pr"rb pue >i:o1q 6-.- ' -, 6"r^ rru ,.1I I ul L,rur pJUJJ- rrrc^d e drrrc y-r? r\Jrr()J .uuL+L?Jrp LMeJ+ :6o1 "ralse1q s,dTLIS aq+ urorJ pa+pIn3I€3 Jo poqrJJSu€J+ sJenJasqo ,,1-J-{" .1..r^ uJ! uL ^ LPueuuv j 1\J '- /\JYu,rdr r^r.,r r ,^ 1 r-,-Ja- I f vv. 'uorsrArCtc tsrLPut 'boJU tueuiJsleu q+IpeMuoJuJoJ s€rJdqsrJ eu+ Aq parlddns 1 6ur1i'.re.;1 "uol )oB pup JaleMp L/l P JIJ LduJoJ01 pe; Lnbe.; seM lessan aL{J -IMVU1 CNI IO SOUO]]U

'ploq JazaeJJ aqf o+ur ur op 'xoq foqs Îr{Jrnb pup punoq LOr-{l s},M qa LLIM oqt uo pJdujpT s ,A -,,- -^^- 'xoq q)i30 's0pq ore," oP-r! truE ePvJ usrJ JqJ e o-1 [q oM] Jrlspld ' olut pe:e1d aq pTnoM s]]3oTg ( LT efpld ) uroo-r Surxoq eLlJ o+ur '6y:'o fleq JoâûoJ ^q pr JJpJ Laq-l sl,M yJolq eqJ -{q tubrera IColq al{f psseeJ3ur t1J't-1/''\v|9|rLoJ/\r'''(Uc 6r r r u o r 6 ,,. ,,6-^ Jr lt?r/.qsdqr dy+ qurr(,-q-+ p->\E ) +Xdu sI"rO L-t =qf I Le\1 JU.\d1\JUJ Verification of difficult species was undertaken in the taboratory after the cruise. Those few species which could not then be named with certainty were referred to taxonomists at the W.A. Museum.

Fi SHl NG STRATEGY

The daity iishing operation was usually planned at least 24 :nours rn advance by the Captain in consultatlon with observers and Bridge officers No. 3 and No. 4. Area limitations described in the Introduction were i espected. The specific placement of trawls was at the discretion of the captain. However to avoid the concentration of fishing effort in a locality with favourable catch rates, which would reduce the exploratory nature of the cruise, lt was suggested that the minimum radius between adjacent trawls be set at 2 nauticaf miles. Thus each statistlcal fishing block was covered thoroughly and the crulse proceeded according to schedul e. "hard' In the vicinity of Cape Leeuwin soundlngs 1.e. indicating rougl] sea bed, regularly appeared on the sounder chart. In order to minimize the rlsk of gear loss and locate any bottom terrain favourable for trawling, the relevant block was saturated by echo sounding transects in a square spiral pattern during the night and a decision based on the results was made before first tignt as to its potential for trawling that day. When sounder traces of rough terrain appeared suddenly during a trawl ' warps were often shortened to lift the net over such bottom. If however, a progressive deterioration of terrain occurred, the trawf was aborted. The warp,/depth ratio was varled from 2|:7 (up to 19o m) Lo 2:I in deeper water (to 600 m).

6. DATA ANALYSI S

The data from the period in which observers were present on board the vessel has been stored on computer as the files TYOTRLDATat Cycle 73 and TYOMRGDATat Cycle 14. They cont-ain: a record of individuat trawl numbers; dates; start and finish time for trawls; start and finish depths; blocks and sub-blocks uslng the Japanese numbering system; vessel speed in knots; bottom "c; temperature in trawls coded for net damage; trawl quantitaes in tonnes (total , rubbish and trash fish) and starting and finishing latitude and longltude. Computation of means, stanciard errors, variance and analyses of variance were done by a "Statistical sub-prograrnrne; TYOTRLSPSSin the Fortran package Programs for the Social Sclences". For the anatysis of wariance, a trawf was defined as a day trawl if most or afl of it occurred between 0600-1759 hours and a night trawl 1f between 1BO0-o559 hours. Differences between means were tested using the program DIFMNS.F4 (method of Sokal and Rohlf, 1969 p 186). 1iI RESULTS

Logbook and observer col l ected data have been summari s ed in tables, figures, appendic es and plates. Table t has comnents on commercial species, juvenile cofir,'nerci al species when abundant

L4 9I

'AeME qsrJ a^oqp p3qJLrrM sr puapoJ aql 9 3+ETd uJ Durfooqs o+ ,ror;d aurl -4"r1ue1-uJJ+s oql -,tq fno pa11nd Suraq puapoJ ar-l+ sMorls q 3+pld 'rspunos urofq.oq ounJnc aqf sMoqs 7 o+eld ( suorJoeJ oslp 't 'T JJS) sMar^ snorrp^ LuorJ ,Tl nJpl{ o rEJ r Moqs pue Z safEld 'seeJe :,,, , , ri r q! r, Jrri - L, j- LJo.i IT L TOqnJ pU- l-orsc.] r urLJ- pe/.e, JSLJ '6utsseco"rd ;o suorl.rodoJd ueau aATJETaJ aq1 sa,rrb q1 a"rnbrg -l {o o-n or \J l=ds to Lo lJoooJd on,lpl,JJ JUI -Mor]s drnllr J 'b.r rJo -JoJ- | usLl lo s:rr:ds lup-rJod.r xrs Jo sJldLos LlopuoI -=nrb 'llJofa Jo uo lr odLoJ cr]c cu+ .,I :;nbL.1 b.r.-r-t'J eo-6:p '+roJJe ;1eq "rad 6 ) syrolq-qns olrlu OT x OT uTLi+'!M Jo lrun 'uMoqs '('U'J'S) .rad qlle;l Lrpau aq+ sa,rrb 71 a"rnbtg osle sr -u,L = tpJ q o- JrLuoioJ. -qJ 1 -.,rnb 1 u ooqde;li JJp s MDJI 'asrnJJ JoJ saJEJ qJfpJ Jo dlrlrpor.red l€uJnrp aq.1, eq+ JoJ saleJ l-JlpJ Jo uof lq Jl'-p oL+ ro Job lod n;u-nb--r 1 P sMo-s 91 =.]".6L.r

'fno^pI ^ro+3pJ qsTJ aq+ Jo uE td e sl O -Jnbrg pup dureJ yJ-p oq+ uo sIJpLU lsurebe paunl 'dlanrqcedse"r orlrJ oq plnol 6ur14as dJEM oq4 Moq sMoqs I e.rnbrg 'p3sn subtsap +au t aLI+ Jo auo pue adoJ ppal{ pue adoJ puno.rb _ ,.( | ^r,p c-1,:,.:fi;p"1"1p !qI uu'uL 'J lu i"uLt- / t n-1_n 'spJeoq aIpTJq aqf Jo ouo Jo slre+ap sMoqs g a.rnbrg Je+Jo -f oo+s Jr{f Jo uorJJnrJSLroJ aqJ Jo sTrpJJp sanrb, a.;nbrg ,IL 'srnol-oJ nJpL/ioAr-1, Jo 1-oLd uorlgnaLJ Je -! t e;n6r, qldJp uJ t)oOI plr€ u ooz aqf pue epnlrbuol pue opn+rfpT o? pe+ET3J ,TL nJpN 'T o^rE,L, ,(q posn uals^s liJolq-qns puE IOoIq aql sMoqs 7 a.rnorg 'd'v a"rn6rg ur uMoqs sI ('z aqf Jo) sJaleM uprTpJJSnv uJaJSeM 'tJDl ulqtfr t. ot lp- nq I->lPl >rJPJ.lJSlnvJ =Jo JLxoJddlr Jql

'1ooq6o1 eqf uT pesn sourelr esoqJ qJrM poTr3uo3al sTMpJf pa^Jasqo ur serJeds o1 pauorsse aueu uouuroJ aLIJ sMoqs xrpuaddv 't ') 'Jroq )o o-ppJ6 uo oJSr s loqLuns JSJUodp -qr p-P pJeoq uo pesn euleu uouruloJ 'sarJads '^ITurEJ: dq asauedep or{+ o+ eJup+Jodulr '€+€p IErJJOururoJ Jo r-{sT-} al{f s+srT E xrpuoddv ofEJ qJ+€c uo o-rr '-d'JJdq ' rt-c ) J-d - 'uo ,ter .- sJsA I sMoqs , x . pLJddV lL€u rulop oqJ safou puE €eJE ^q IerluJfod 1er:-reururoJ Jo sIMeJ+ sa+plnqpf '7' . x:p J )aV {'V dqr u' 6ur -o"rodo sJ=lMpJr burU-T- ubre'ro 1 r. J \J t-np n /o J Jd )a rudulJpdJC url evMuoJLol J.,]-rnq peu6r-op 6o1 6ulJr're:rl urof fog plrp Jalempr6 eqf uoJf a6ed e sr Z xrpueddv '61,6I ' 'V'1,1 sJOqpM uT sdr"r1 ourqsTJ q JaLI bur.rnp I TL nJEW o^rpJ , -4q poqsrJ syJolq Jo salEp pup pasn s+Jod sfs tI T xrpuaddv ' '{r€g) ( OB6T sarJads 's1uno3 IprJJauuroJ ar{+ Jo aruos JoJ sabe.raae pue s+qbTaM upd al{f 'osrnJJ s+rjalunJop q eIqeJ, aq+ JoJ sar3ads aq+ Jo qJ+pJ lefof aLI+ prrE, IMpJ:} q3EO uroJJ pe,res dno.rb Jo sar3ads q3pa Jo ^+r+uenb aqf 'sIJoIq sa,rrb 7 a1qe1 burqsr; aa"rbap JTeL{ uT +JoJJO Jo +run Jad 't"-Jb UJ"o. pup t.loJJ: b qs'J no qJlt J dqt sJS JC -ul-s L JlqpJ ':1srJals€ ^q pe)iJEUJ oJp JTurouoJa se pep.rebeJ so+EJ qJlpJ L{+TM '(rq/Oy) 'a5upr sTneH aler q3Jpr puE su€d 6>l tt uT qcfp3 q+dap '-u-T '=..p 'sJJ\Jr>qo ou, LoL 1r od L rq p-.,6rssP >-oqLln- ( loqs.) q Lr\^trJ rs . - J LOp- | pJn Joqqo IIP JOJ S lMoJ+ pO6euep r{JrL{M punoJb uro.r; seqJ+eXS aJeJJ Jepunos pLrE LrorJrsodtxoJ qspJl factory hatch to empty catch and in Plate 7 crewman carry out repairs and change the net. Some of the machinery and the layout of the fish factory have been shown in Plates I to 17. Plate 18 shows the main engine at the sub ffoor, Ievef with tappets ' PIaLes Lg Lo 24 show fish species of greaLest importance to the Japanese on the cruise. IV DISCUSSION

1 . DETAI LS OF TRAI.ILI NG

A complehensive coverage of Iikely trawl ground between 22-S and 35t'S was provided by 483 trawfs (Tables 1 and 2). comments on the catches of 2/3 of these trawls were made and species lists - were also compiled. OveraII , 93% of trawfs were effective these provlded useful data. The 7% which were' fouled have information on catch saved only. An analysis of effective trawls allocated L82 (1L%) to the Gerafdton-Perth coast, lo3 (23%) to the south west coast, 90 (2o%) to the Exmouth coast and 74 (16%) +^ Fha ql-\: r.L Re\/ r"naq.i (Fi.fltrFq 1 a.ld 2) Dcenita qvsl:emahiC alhn qnrrncli nrr Lhc souLh west coasL was responsibfe for the hi ohest rat-e ( 74%\ of fouled trawls. This area lay within the seaward continuation of the Leeuwin block - tLre bottom was ^vF6hci'al1r l-1r^kF. :nd an=nil-i.- .\rri-/-r.\nqvvr andqlrs y+r4rqvJninnar-leq freotr-nllrr vLri uL vr orrr Lre vuuLr impalred trawling. The feast number of trawls (1%) was fouled of l- Lhe Shark Bay coasL. During the survey, Lhe mean Lrawl depLh was 2o2 m; most trawls were between 9o-21o m but 5% were in fess than 90 m (min. 41 m, block 826) or in greater than 44o m (max. 602 m, block 846).

LerrrF c^t.rheq of qoo.^c Fr.onrron1- l\/ .erqecl f ouled traWf s. uor 9s uo uvrrLr v! Jyvrr:J Better catch rates of commerciaf fish nearly always occurred in Lhe absence of Iarge sponge cabches. Sponge catches which exceeded 80% ol- bhe total cabch weight for a traw-L were mosL f ranrrpnt nFf l-hc s,rrlrFhwest r:oasl. i n deoths f rom 31-230 m. The converse was true for corresponding depth ranges off the ceraldton-Perth coast where sponge was most often fess than 20% of the total trawf weisht.

In the Exmoubh coastal area sponge did not predominaLe -Ln any particular proportion or depth caLegory. There were insufficient trawls which caught sponge off the Shark Bay coast for an analysis. Below 29o m in any area, sponge ceased to

ha.-.)mF anq,, iLi,,Pvr mn.'rt,anl uq'ru uvrL'}/vrr--\n'\n^nFnl- nt lhe -^l-^h :n.l I\,Aq llq're11rz .1[56'19 qnrrn.rF5 qoFaiFq in 1-heqa vLLy!dccnor I r^relenq Finr-rar wene do'ltinant in .16^+Lc 1-\ol ^L' ,nn m

2. ANALYSISOF CATCHRATES

To evafuate the catch rate data, a minimum economic catch rate of o,81 tonnes,/hour was cafculated by the authors. This was required to pay operating costs and make a reasonable nrof i I rnrhich for a ,lananaqc c-n.arn wi th this cIass of vesseI was at least 12 tonnes per day (ltr t<. Kaino, pers comm., 19Bo) at an assumed average wholesale landed vafue of $1ooo per tonne, Smaller classes of vessel with fewer crew coufd probably

IO LI

'pdJd-runoJuJ ueJM pa^PS ^l lpnsn 'ouuoJ 9'T t'6 abue.r ur qc+ec Tefol ra rsadr. z,ourgt 'azrs Jo e^r+JadsaJJr ponES sTenprn rpur ITP ' ' auuoJ L pue Z uoeMf aq r{J:lE. Ie+o1 c,ar tad r. 1.t? t,v?7 g

' .l qa .1J1PJ rJI IUJSAJd ,->r/,. . afn, V

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' '7 (zT oup 11 sa.;n6 !-r J tqef / uo | 1 rso'lulo3 sar3ods pue eaJe sp r{cns sro?3EJ uo luepuadap spM LI3rqM apnlrldue ue q+rM s;noq 1r.br16ep u pJJJnJJo sJlpJ q3+pJ lsdq 's Jqf q3rUM ur ujq rAqJ Trep Je 1nba./ o po Iprn JJ ^Jt-lf rMt Jl 'Jnoq lenprnrpur JoJ pa-I-loTo aJJM sa')eJ UJIPJ Jql uJqM Jad auuo-+ 'lqeoJ oT'o ]sJM u-lnos Jul puo Jnoq r:d aluol rrl'o fst oJ r{+Jod-uo+p TeJaD aql :Jnoq Jad ouuo+ tZ'O lseoJ L{+nourxg aL{+ ^q pJMotloJ :J.oq JJd Juuor aa'A' rspo3 ^pq {Jeqs aq] JJo 't psur€Jqo seM €J€J qJl€J ueaur lsaqbrq aqJ, aTqeJ ur E3J€ 01 pa-]e L3J ua€q JAeq sJlpJ qJrPJ JpJu JqI (TT arnSIJ pu€ z '^ap 'pfs) 3Iq€J,) (Tt'O = rnoq Jeo euuol ZZ'O Jo elpr I-{cfe3 -,v-r^^z-{ -JUM\ '- sr rJdu( ..l.ilJ +suJ lJ-I pJ pS JO SAqJlpJ

's:fsnDord .JLlJvvr-r -- +.Jq lpJur qsrJ -roJ u5r] useJl pJIJJIJS pup 'zr^ slaIITJ JoJ {JEqS r{3?eJ Aqf Jo JueuoduJoJ aIqeTreAE ^Jana qn 6rrr ra Airrr-T---d- a. isuu dq+ pu-P sotl, P/\ I-{JlpJ OUe s-}SOJ TJnJ 'n, rA-^^,^- |1,,, ,J\- ^-. DeJeJJS uur IdIJeu uo +udp*eudp n LTAPJq uJJq Jn lrq oLnol rp ,{rrp - ' r!l- \/nl Irrq s(j,l YJ --lJ lr?J - L ,- uluuuJd pd-rvJe d1.vq . 4^ : .^:p:,.-a ,-^.r. u. .tIt4tgrLlf LLU4 ' .'lr<\ r v Iess Lhan O.3 Lonne; rarely lnore than a f ew pans caught in any traw-I , buL pr^ized r-,, Tan-na^^ Fr'r^+cq f.\r tnpir hinh uy ud},orrc>s Poro Lsr !vr market vafue or excefl ent eating qual i ty .

Appendix 5 lists commercial f -Lsh species by family, sc.ientif ic, corrrnon and the Japanese Katekana/Kanji names. Table 5 gives the q q qvu, uvt rnr and ,^,Fi.rhl- fnr^ rr.rri nus Iish of cornmercia] q..lrqq.eal iI mn.'\rt:.).er'PUr Lu' .li hcl.$r Annrovim^le totals of i5n sneci es of lal6.\qlq ^nd qn snF.-ieS of elasnobranchs Were found on Lhe CruiSe from the areas trawled.

A MAJOR SPECIES

Lenko snapper llalua tuni{zonz) , 57.3 tonne. Plate 19. 's canEht-Telween 2L"r8 and 2a"i6' s in depLhs from 12o-33o m. The best catches were taken on trawls A1BO, A1B3 and .4179 /'rrl-\] 6 / I l. I-hArl q .ir i.\r F.\ .Trrl \/ 2q1-h lhe I ar'cren qizeq 'i qarrcd in I hA nrnaaI urrv! rriv,-. - 2-2A .-m | .rl :l I annl-h r^rnre T.^ter on insbructions from Jdpan, onty lhe I argest fish (greaLer lhan 16 cm) were retained (ca. a% of lenko catch for any trawf). Towards Lhe end of the cruise, to reduce wasted spdce due Lo whole pack-ing in pans, the crew produced buLi-erf ly f ll.Iets from medlum sized fenko ior close packing (Figure 13a). These instrucLions from Taiyo Fishing Co. -in Japan had Lhe effect of deLerrrng 'Talyo rvlaru 71' fnom further fishing direcLed primarily qna.i aq -r,qP|Jc' l^r.^Fi9su -ye! I E-. l,enko iS demersal in habi t and a higher carnivore.

The Scad group (Fctnz, Cazangidae) , 2I .a tonne.

Catches of scad were not differentiated by species in the I .nh.]ok. On seVenal nnn:< innc j-h^ 1 r.rr rrerrz qi m i I Fr. c.na.i cc JaCk maakerel and ye-LlowLail scad occurred together rn a trawl caLcn, Catches of the similar round scad and layang scad were also taken q irrrrl l- ^nFr,rr,ql \/ ,^lhFn 2 .rr mor^6 qnaci aq Of SCad OCCltr t^ed +rnplhar Fha\,f $,py F .f 1-F. r'6,a.1 i l \/ .l iql inrrtti qhed drte t'n di ff er'- ences in size cfass. The 3 best catches were trawfs 381, 38O and 224 ( Table 4).

Yel1owlail scad / I zachunuz ntccul.Lochi Plate 2o. This species _------il-..-.:-.-.f-^' ) was idenbitied a2 times out of 156 occurrences of the scad group rn the species lisL. It was also the domrnant scad present in and saved from catches and is esLimaLed bo have compr ised 78% by welghL of the total scad catc[ from t4awls samp]ed. lt was nrFqnt in .^t.-hFc. hetween 23o32' S-33oO9's :ncl in d^n1-h< from 43- 23O m. Compared wlth oLher scads. yel lowLail scad were usuafly of sma-LI Lo medium size (15-3o cm L.C.F., Figure i3bland n-\/:1-:hl v nar-kpd '^,hnl c i n 1-r:rrq qnnf od in rrn ]-.) 6 q; 7e nr:rleq ^q tha anl- ira qi-e ranr;e ..^r.rhf Was retained, The size -l^qqFq .^rr.lhj- r^rFro nrarlnm in:nr lrr irrrron;Ig or irnfnature. Scad of tnis size are much sought after by the Japanese rnarket. This ^ -nd nl AnkI i \/-f^{-\rrq in 5PUL !q> '- ,lJc'og hab.i L.

t8 6T

' saJon ruleS '1e'1 ';'J'l rr6elod JJP sJrJads du- a;nb!!) r uJJoc. gz) 'uor+uaJaJ posseJp .ro ('C'C"l ur3 9Z-OZ) aIoLIM peês eJaM ôr{1 'lupJJpM ol qJle3 p ur tuepunqp ÎludlJ:JJ-s aJJM AIIpnar+ '(7 'LrTV ran eueqM elqeJ ) 6rTV pue 87TV sreM slMer+ +saq t ar-lJ 'u 692-LB uo.rE sqldap uT S,ro^gt -5^,19^ZZ ueaM+eq lqbnec a"ren '+se ' ÎTeârJ'ZZ r-le11d seuuo+ 6'oY (.ddr"xunun"opn"vl.I III""orJ

eITe,\EJ puE ^T TPn€JJ

'aJon ruJe: "remo1 crbelod e sr serJ;ds 'esJL,pdpl ' JqJ aL1l Aq e :ueqda::e t€)iJ€ur qb !.LIe spJ JT I p' T 's,l o;nb r3; JTorlM pJ)i3pd pup peu rlrlJJ sI.M Lnpp pup qs'J ;Jnlpu;rxI ' Jo arnlxrur € Jo pelsrsuoJ qrrl{M ( .t'C'f u) Or-?.2; lqbne: ebue"r '(t 32rs ar-{I alqpJ) spueISJ sot-{Iorqv uEu+noH aq+ Jo q+rou lsnt ZOT pu€ ZZ'OI SIMpJJ ur aJoM seqJ+eJ +saq eqJ,'u OqZ-qOI uroJJ sutddo L,T c,tI_BZ S,Zr-lZ uJaMlJo +qbnpJ JJaM a{rd pes pJd JlS 'Suuo1 4'4t ',rtrt rt,.\ /-uar'LJ\, ;litd paa-pdAr.rr.

r ^-AIFT-.] ^"5 --- '^ ' r -' . .. - - --A + LYse u Jo r I rouo3 oasseJp u r pa1:ed 4 | tensn JJaM Asql pup pe3s 1relmo 11a,{ Jo sesseTc ezrs aqJ L{lrM peJpduoc uer_{M(.,{.O.T u1c tt OZ) dzrs ebJeT ol unrp€uJ Jo e reM pecs 6ue[e I LJJalJpl yJef L.].1rM I 'pe.,,s os Ip saul' I €JJr-{'l pup peJS punoJ ql LM sJ rr+ar.uos 1re lMoI La,( 'ut qf rr',r 1r-,6ne; udlfo aJdM peJs 0upn p- Oa---B []oJJ suldep 'S,ZE- u!' " --o_-I5 -S,-9-(1" --o-- sepn-.]rf-PTaul ur lqbne': sPM sJrJJds JqJ 'saqole- ur luasaJd eJaM ppJS Jo sar3ads orolu Jo euo L{Jri-lM rrL s€lu.I 9Et Jo lno pJ!J!luepl ^rJn Lr LSod spM sJ L.:3ds s:.Llf L]J!uM 'ro j.ror,a '\ru suoTS€J3o 67 e"rau 1 rn' JD.u I n- d /dt,)v(- \ pPJS Du" el '+-!qeq ur :r6elad pu€ snoJoArl]1rield sr serJeds aq; '1qbne: ezrs o+ burp"rocce uorJrpuoc pessaJp ' ro eIoqM ar{+ u-! JOr{lro po)iJed aJeM IeJaIJeu >lc€f (Btt IMeJ+ ) . "4-,.- , ^, , 4,, .+ LpuuJ du. a uL_rIuu||r Lr. US I J I l--pe UO'LSeJJO JUO '(urJ 'u uO Lt-tI) ebuEJ ezrs aL{+ ur eJaM lqbnec qsrg aO, ZOI JU Sq+udp Jonu s,9t^r, s,og^Tt ueaM+eq salicJpc ur sJeqLxnu s tuereuu seM lJJJlJprx )15e pJJ- lu^oJUd dJoM sJ LJ€ds s rql Jo sJlPJ qJ+eJ Jo saqJ,lbs .J6 rp L o\.s LMrrJl u L .luJSJJd eJ€M sarJods p€os r1orqM uo suorspcJo 99T Jo +na ZZ parJr?uepr (' n Ldn L I Lsou \eM LbJeIJEUJ )iJt l 111J,da ln rg). t' IJJJYJedJlJE). 'f Tqer-{ur crbelad pup snoJolr+yueld sr sarJads aqJ .(,nrrorrIrir^^r,.-l ro:n{an rrr6n r ... ^ d9 u I pdJBeuLrE lqurrpJ sJS

'pEJS punoJ ^IurEur aq oJ peurnssE aJaM p€JS 'uos},al 'JLouM lLe1Mo11o,,{passe-p Jo :-p roJJJ yooq6oL srr.lI Jo{ o:yred dJJM ppJS lrerMoTldA JUt pup pa11nb oue pJpDJU y'Llso- JraM 'ppJS peJS punor -uf L plMotIJA LII rm ;aq1e6o1 pJJJnJJo saL*ads dul J3n duaq^1 'sApJt otu L paljJPd 6\, rJo JJojJo oe11nb pue pepeoq \A '- ' ^ ',, A,', .^ -eIJU eJdM q5rl pe. rs euruL u+ - 'rpdu uul-q pu- t -1 ;'l LUJ 'u ,t-OZ ) abueJ ezrs aql ul a"r a.'rr lqbnec pPcs punou 6LZ OB uloJJ sqloap uT_s pup ueaM+aq perrnrro 6rrrrrlrrrpc rrn . , BToot s, tgozz +I rrr6r:u ."-X^ ,r-.,---P. peJS pe^es Telol aq+ Jo %zI-%8 pafeurlse rrb .ln -nDilr a r A".^ -A ^--- .)dJljaJJnJJO LJrruJU peJS J9, JU 99 T _lo lno sslur+ ' Zt parJ rluapr seM sarJeds srqJ (rc.pnnunu r.nuaTdntag) peos punou White-finned cavalla (Cc.tnanEoidezetquula\. 0.5 tonne. est. This species was recorded between 23"31,'S and 28"16'S in depths from BO-3O2 m. Afrhougn often pnesenu in catches i I was only saved when in worthwhile numbers. In the size range caught (74-26 cm L.C.F. ) the species was usuafly saved whole, chosen from larger sized fish. BoLh LrevaIlV genera are readily markeLablF in Japdn. Whrte-flnned cavalla are pelagic lower carnrvores. The best catch was taken in trawl 148 (Table 4).

-d^ L,i^ c^.i h^,nt -h/lttecirut henJec-tu4,nLt t), a.9 tonne. plale ,3.-_Tlirs spe;l es !^ias recorded beLween 2.."2O'S dnd 34'6c'S :n depths from 298-602 m. Commerciaf catches however, were restricted to deeper waters in the southern halves of the Geraldton-Perth coast- and south west coast. The 3 best catches were in trawls 348, 2aO and 331 ln which it was the dominant species (Table 4). The entire size range caught (2A-4O cm T.L.) was saved (Figure 13f), It was a popular table fish with the crew and presumably had good marketing potential in Japan, From Lh's cru-L-e. tne species became a new Scientific record for ALISIra_L I a .

LESSER SPECI ES

( Sweetlip emperor Lethninuz cltrtgzo.t.tomuz and L. nebulozuz ) , combined total catch 6.7 tonne (Plate 24). These 2 species were 'S caught between 22" 49'S-26-57 latitude in depths from 65-2o2 m. L. ch.,Lg/oatarnu4 was the dominant species in catches (9I%). Sea bream (gqmnoctaniuz nob.[nzon.i / was sometimes saved and mj-xed in with L. ch,Lg404tamuz, probably constltuting up to 3% by welght in mixed pans. Yellorr sweetlip ernperor(L. nebulozuz./, which was er Lher pdcked sepdrdtely or nixed in wi lh L. thtg )v),wtpu4 comprised about 6% of the total catch of this group. Al1 these spec-res wer^e always oressecl for pdck-Lng and ranged in stze fronr 26-46 cm L.C.F. I{o small fish were discarded as all species have good acceptance ln Japan, They are demersal , lower carnivores. eoatf,sn (varjous generat, 5.6 Lonne. ' AooJr species o[ goatlisn were caught by 'Taiyo Maru 7l'. These included the 'sunrise goatfish' ('Pct,aupaneuzzp. ), 'lemon cf ni na ^^:1-f i aL r l ,l.,.ereJ, . tt,-luccentt . , black_saoole goaLfisn I Panuperteuz {,t.ctte.zculut / and red mullet ( Llpenei chthgt ltnealuz ) . f hA .1.,m .^.1 qna- iFa i ca ^^:i f ' c^r t ^- '1 )o ^+ rsq. goatfish catch) was taken belween 27"32'5,31'42 'S in depths from bq-23L rn. Because of thei r^ Lende.cy Lo spoiL qulckly after be Lng headed, they were always saved in whole condition. The saved sfze range for the group was 18-37 cm T.L.. Except for red mullet which were mainly discarded as juveniles, other species of go-Lfish wene sdved rega.cil ess o[ ..i ze when they were encounLered fn sortable quantities. A11 species are demersal lower carnivores .

Cuttlefish (at least 2 species), 5.6 tonne. These species were enc ount e re d in smaf. qudnr iL ies tn.oughout the area covered. They have a good mar"ketobLlity and ferch a high price so were oawdy 5 sdvcu , whole. The 3 best trawls were AI49, I13 and 225 off Pt Maud and Edel Land (Table 4 and Figure 2) , They ,.;re pelagic carnlvorous molluscs, sub-order Sepi oidea.

20 IZ

'aJn?cPJnueu ( 3liP3 r-{sTJ) , oloqeuel frr asn IeTJ+ JoJ 'drJ'l Jo lrels le preoq uo uo rJJnpord ( alspd qsrJ) ,rurJnos, JoJ a'r ' t.","^-%.. /\ Lo,t L5!LI r^o pol\s5 ..- . opun Dp I unDl ) l-lsTJ pJpz l

'panes s^pMTp 'ouuol g'I '(uaJtutd, a.doufi6zy) -raddeus asleg

'panes s^eMle 'auuo+ g'I (aDqdr' r/nuDfTnl) roraAua pau

sgrc3ds uoNrl^l 'c

'rI eJnbrd uT uMoqs oJE anoqe sE g pue y ser"robalec ur 'qclec ,,- ---^-J- -^J^,J passn3sTp TPlo+ dq+ uL 5d LJdus Jr) suo l+J()LloJu u^L'+c LdJ 3q.t

'pa^es SAeMTE 'auuoJ O'Z ("n)r1und zaTznqarloaM) r1lclad- pJEuJ nE JInD

't../.le --iiEiJ--E- <,(DMrtr .'^11t1atu\ul7 s'q rrrr";7E I ttYJ |J

lJer\s- r!Loqcq euuo+ 9'z I t,n7D rpDl/ r77n w T? j>7?^Dwu) ) uIJTTan 'pe Es s1{eMIe trannO r.'nToa4oo)/ €â-6Tq urJpearl{J f 'euuo+ ynllTuD) 5,{-56IQ-F5E v't lvn t11un)n?J)Du rz ,r 'asauedef aql o? ?ue+Jodu.Ir .A11etc"rau:u.toc+ou aJoM aJoJaJal-{f pue ecrM+ ^Tuo 1laês aJaM / tpunrrtra6 v"poyTu:1 rl,/JD?/| ) , ^,,A-- 'pdqscr+.6-r,-h r^ -rr q:j Lf.pdJ +qulu +sLLqM sncMIE AJeM AzTS TTeUISJrAq+ ' Jo esnecsq (a,n7nau17 v" p o1/7y2 r1l2D2/l) IrefMoTTeMs dnoJb pToc^Jaq 'pa?1n6 's s-!r-t+uI pue papeaq sêMTe eJaM sarsads qlog ,a, ^rr, 'Ja+eM -,rI^rz uosMlaq uJ zo9-86t Jsdaap ur 1q6nec ^Tuo aiaM ursuoJTe-1s ur ujorJ sllldap uT uaeMlaq tTrlM zar-ra s,lo-9t-s,sI^rz "'alluol plrnoJ aJaM re6.,tuue5 '1q6nec ual-lM penes"s^PMTv 6't ' 1a.uapua7dr, xfivaf7 pue c,rur jlD xfitraqozrTua2 / @

'peês S^PMTP dJuivr pue +SuuJ 1\gu lJPqs aq+ JJo--^ 1\rr^-^rrrllsou] +qr)neJ^"4--^ oJUM^ '^^r sijd^-^-J^ LJiJ(]s aseqJ 'lvuaprTTnu 'd, JaddPus luroJrsnJ aurT-MoTIe^ pue (vn)rTqDTDw '}eIJeJS ' '7 c'nunf7n7) L{cJad eas 1r.ndfi7 pue vnor,oTu"aDTrf ' 'raz1c 7ap r ouod t7 r, rzd ) sJeddeus paqf oo+ dJpl{s (un?/oD| ouz.D2 7n7 od r7 ) ' raddplrs paddrT .r{qse1g: la,nuoqdoTowau a,nzrctt/dufiS) r4slJ ueupulq:: 'auuol 3:o pasl.rduo: sen dno"rb srqtr T't spLueIlnT snoeueTfeJSrl^l 'ul 082-9, iuoJJ sL]ldep ur ' s ,19 ^rr- ^rz useM+3q paês spM sa rceds aL{? 1 seoJ I-{frad-uolpT eJec x,,^ Y^ ^ rhA ii r^^4 r-r- rq-+ +..rsu u.rJqqJOU eq1 uT UOIIIUIOJ +5vu oJe1,, r!gr-{J- vsJTpJaJ JU 'paJa+uno:ue spM ('c'c'.1 rx3 og-tz) 1q6nec a6upr azrs aJrlua aqJ 'auuol '11/oTo)tun JaârrellM g'9 a.fiuqdoc,fiug11 aeddeus }luTd Emperor (Lethninuz choenonynchuz) 1,.1 lonne, always saved.

Orange arrow squid (todanopziz eblctnae), 1.1 tonrre always saved, had a high market vafue.

Rock cod, slimy cod (€pinepheLua zpp. ) o.7 tonne, always headed and gutted if small (less Lhan a l:al fillo1-or] if lrn- ..- ge.

Amberjack (Seniol,a tluntenili) o.7 oaway 5 5crveu tslack-banded kinqfish, (Seziolina nigzo{azci ula) occasiona-L ly saved.

Ghost fi sh (Hgdaoteyua ogi lbgi) O.6 tonne, usuafly saved, smafl er speclmens sometlmes rej ected.

Deepwater flathead ('Platycepha),uz longi.tp.inuz) O.6 tonne, SanA-TTaEhe aA-l7,26 platycep|taluz zpeculatoz) always saved.

Gummy shark \t4uaLelua anLo,zcl:icuz) - rarely saved piEed dogfishr (Squaluz negal,o pz) - =g.g saved at start and end or 1-rl_p. Bignose shark f Cazcnctzizirtuz alL)tnuz) some juveniles saved at start of trlp. Combined shark catch O.6 tonne.

Roundfin squid (5ep)oteuth)z auztnalia) O.5 tonne, always saved because of its high market vafue.

Latchet (Ptengguttigla polgonrnaia) - always saved. Red gurnard (C/lelidonichthgz hunu) - usual,ly saved.

Queen snapper (/t/enadac;LyLuz vctlenci ennezi ) O.3 tonne, saved after consul-tation with observers.

tvluffoway (Azgynozonuz ho-Lolep)dotuz) O.3 tonne, saved fiIIeted.

D. INSIGNIFICANT SPECIES

These included; barracouta,/hake (-gemfish) 1Lciottu.t,..tuLun) and llexea zol,andzi ), slate bream l Plectonhgnchuz pi.ctu.t) , maroon arrow squid, Australian hairtail , 1l zich.iunuz coxii) tailor, ('Pouto.tonuz zalLotonl, blue mdckeref ( Scorntse,tauztzaLazicu.t) and. ciusky morwong (Dactglophoza nigni can/r) These species were encounLered in smal 1 quantities only in comparison wi Lh fish in .el- F.r^f.iFq R en.l t] Annendi x 6 also lisfs nrjcli f i.rn,a I q^F.,i 6s whi ch were present as traces (a few individuals per Lnawl ) qarrad l-rrt1- i n m i vod nanS because O.l- their hr nh u!!er-r-en1-:nna uy uur rr L by the Japanese. It was possible to cafcufate average welght for qnaz-i oq frnm f ho qcnipq nf ^=h -^,r.lc m=rlo .i,,rih^ lL6 cruise. These are shown for some commerciaf species in Tabfe 5.

4. TRASHFISH

Trash fish made up 4O-5()% of the toLal l-Lsh blomass.

A varlable part of the trash fish included sub-size and juveniles of commerc-Lal species. An area comparison of the relative proportions of fish saved, Lrash fjsh and rubbish discarded is given in Fi gure 15. tz

,-...I,-.r- r^ , ..].,1 -,,r- ^^^rr^^ uu lJdLJdJ u+ rvecrul? -+uu p!p dsLtlJJ 1\JU lcJoluxd 5Lql IIIUqr)tIOJI-.{'l r-.]., 1 -^n \A- '^^- , .^,,-',,,-I^-^^ 1^ r , \ pUJUd lJdux€ J+uJ 1,..-v ,,-,qSIJ IM€J1 eJnJnJ uroJJ eeJ€ er-{+ Jo qcnu apnlca.rd o+ Jeadd€ pTnom -4, ,^J- ,A .,4^^ r r^ ^- r ^^ - SUq,r+!?J rJ!uU!lS d1\ L5S

SlTVU H]IV] 'z 'apn1 rubeu .{ue 1o e3JnosaJ r-{sLJ orbplad Jo Iesreurep e e:npo.rd 01 ÎeIrIun uaaq ener{ pTnoM sJolceJ eseqJ 'sJo+em 'V'M Ie+s€oc uJar{lnos ur sanle,r uo1>iue1d MoT prrp punoJb lMer+ aTq€f{ns pe+rurI aL{+ o? anp JIn3rJJrp uaaq aêq pInoM JJr_lsrJ TMeJ+ IPSJJUJap e JO lUAur{sr Tqe?Sr dq+ +eq I pd lJruxr uaaq :aorr rrr6rrrr -.,Jq an TJTnJUT Uerro UOrrn SOUqJducrr-,, ra,-r ^,r^pue sdJnledJ UMOUI 'punoJb asaql rxoJl IMeJf olqe+rns eT1lrT pepLarA .{lrurcra srql 4,,- ,^-.J..^ -,,-,-J- -,,,-^ ,^J ^-^- a^-.- u L JULJurro:> uqJd ,\q uu rJU LUXd +ud!rs dL! !+ JU uu LJ€u d Lqc,rdp f SUOJ '1uen 'Î Jq1 e eL{'} u-L tpJJueF uol+oq qbno.r pue sdo.r:1no AJaJJ 'sJIJeuuLd 'surseqJ qlrM paler3osse sr pue (T €JnbTJ) nEa+pId elsrI€JnJeN eql ofuT spue+xe qcrr{M {coIq ur/{neeT €r,lf sT - . -^, A^. ^Â ^,,-^ .^,-r.. uo rrJUJ Le+sL?oJ +sdM q'lnos aql Jo eJnleaJ IcJLUUlouu _+uclJ()udJt uv -rru. A,,- - î^ L Lrvl!?JJqs LJ LCSJatuep JOJ eIqelrns OJOul UOAq AAeLI ASIMJOqIO plnoM qJTqM eaJp aTqpJeprsuoJ p ^dnJJo Janru uosrqJJnN pup uo+Tassng ueeMJeq sJoqsuo pue aJol{sJJo sur€LI3 J33J suolspues aunp pepoJe puE alruoaloee/auolsau.lrl Jo xeTduroJ anrsualxe 'dtp;lql '(296I 'raluprJ) ue Jo aJuJlsrxJ ar-{1 uoq}IueTdooz ur 'sd!LL MoI pue (L96t pJoJq3ou :o861 uLlsnv pue ue6"rol,J lr-{duT z96T pooMlr Ly) Se+eJ+ ru puP s€'lPqdsoqd se qsns squarJlnu pa^Losstp 'S^ZZ ur +uarJrJap alrnb aJe sJOlpM aJeJJns agl Jo qlnos '.4 '(S^Tt) auaz J laqs lplspoc eqf urr{+rM lpuocag uiTeJup.] Jeau ' MoJJeu ^ren seuro3rq osle 1l pue \S^ZZ JTnD-LIlnouxJ JJo qlpTM ur salrur EI ueqf ssal) q16uel s+l Jo jsour "rog: JaMoJJeu qonu ^Jen ,^'J,,,- ^ J , /\ | +uc+qurLr. L d..luur lrLq ( S^9d I n eB lJeqS JJo ujnu.lTxPul SlT +p eprM selrur oEI lnoq€ {1uo-sf (ur OOOZ1p Arppunoq) JTaUS '6ur1r,ae.r1 Tp?uaurluoc aL{1 leql sr asaqJ lsbuouE lsouaJoJ . qsIJ TesJaurep JoJ aTqElrns aJe qorr-{M spunorb er-{l Jo +uo1xa 4,,,,-5^ 'V'M d..i I urJ LrLrLJL ,1 .rrD. r^drlr . - -.1 tIJTqM AUOZ [E'l SPoJ uJrq+|us dq+ JU ^qoeJDorsnr,,n- rA^--rr..J qo aqf^,,^ Jo-^ seJnJpal-- leJsn 3s 3Jp aJaLlJ

AHdvU90lSAHd 'T SNOISNI]NO]/\

' abue.r az r s ruo ' oz -q Jq1 Llr asoq'l u{1lercadsa leauj rls LJ ur esn JoJ Jo saur16uo1 'SJA']SqOl Jo sqEJ3 YCOJ JoJ lreq se [Pap] uaaq e^eq osTP pTnoM ' . ^"^ . qsL+ q:jcJ_l dr-{+ L,-*-6r | 1i.{< r, rbL' nrr6no r r r- I-{3nlx '(a1sed panps eneLl pInoM uo LlpJedo eseueMLeI V qsLJ) TuirJnos 'qslJ 'JelMeJJ uL srspq TerJf p uo esaupdef ^q pasn pJezrT pup ue r LPJ'lsnv Jo qsT.l rJg P Aq pa^es uaeq snPq pTnoM laI3PrJ3L{fee t e-r 1i '-{c -"^ - -i uql s-ld{Je LJUq+cd L +:ipuJ qlJUd-uu+p IeJaD dL.l I J-lu,,^ ^,,4--^.lqr)rrsJ sulvr Lrtt?J l JJUra.r duuuJ-iiii^^ u a t') urnh rr-Trr^^qJ I qr'r JUT^ {Jeqs\ r..-,,-A r- ,-,J -1' rhrr- L+rEJ 5{Jeqs prp lJuL qsjuJl 3q+ UIOJJ ITP fe pa1\PS +ou Jo pazrTr+n-Japun Jar-{+ra oJ€M qcrqM sdnoJ6 sarJeds eeJr-lJ, the trawling abllity of 'Taiyo Maru 7I' . In fact the fow catch rates obtained on the west coast by 'Taiyo lvlaru 71' conf irmed whdL had been -ndicated in prevlous expl oraLory Lrawling by 'Umitaka Maru' in 1963, 'Kaiyo Maru' in 1975 and 'Orsino' in 1978.

Nevertheless, the catch rates obtained during thls cruise are nol

MAJORSPEC I ES

Seo.1.are anal vqes vrore UnderLaken f Or 1e^kn .nann^r cr-.er-lc ..tr-ined .-aF nika l-rF\/FlI rr .rnrl hirr-qn'--d boart-ish. For lenrto snapper, the best results were from sub-bfocks 937.2, 931.3, 935.6 and 941.4 (Figure 12) where the catch rate of thls species o[ten exceeded O.b Lonne per hour. Calch rates of ]enko snapper ploLted bV depLh for alf areas combi.ed but sepdnarelv for dav and nighl Lrawls showed Ll-aL day caLCh rates were significanL ly higher than n-lgnL caLch raLes and Lhey were more variabfe. The best catch rates off the Shark Bay coast were rn depths from 21O 29O m. A refatively small proportion (greater than 16 cm L.C.F.) from the total size range caught was acceptable to the Japanese as whofe frozert fish, however on a few occasions, the middle sizes (12 16 cm L.C.F.) were retained for f i 1f et inq.

ln Lhe scad group wnich was roinly oom.naLed by yellowLarl scad, catches exceeded O.3 tonne per hour on 12 trawls. Catch rates ranged from O,3 to 2.7 tonne per hour in this group

24 9Z

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'paulLIIEXe spaJp aql u t acJnos c rbeled Tp1ol oqq 3:o apnlrubeul 'pe3s aL{1 JO UOT?e3rpuI enJ? P aprôJd ?ou pTp se qJns serJeds , _ ^ Â ^ , rr6n^rr- Tn . rr^ r^h r_.{^ 3lDeIeO Jo SaleJ L{CqeJ AIqeUOSEOJ sAcv + ! ylr,ve+ Lc ue t+c\,{<,uu '?seoc 6ur1rue.r1 lesJeurap eqJ lsaM qlnos eq+ JJo ll-{breM r-!i^ - ^rrAr-^^ l^ ^r16^b- Ag 7oU9 -.\ Luu dJdrvr _lrlq +qu rdrvr /\q -.lqrJrruJ q5 lJ L Ls JU TouY Pd+Hu L+-o ue pssrJduoc panes qsrJ (t-T seaJe) qlJed pup qfnouxg useMleq '1q6ram lseoo aq+ JJO ^q qcleJ pales aq1 Jo %II pasrJduos pue quecrJru6lsul Jo Jourtu se pep"re6a.r aJaM sarJads 6urureule.r 'qJJed 'eêb 'te6.(uupu al-{f Jo saqcle3 Tread pu€ urJTron rq rrrr , rar{r{orr< vrr-rrl .trqrr- ,,c--anaA Lrr!+ ucucu !-vJ {euucur rLuLu LlJLJ.sl++r'J Ll> LJ+svv '(%S) '(%L) '(%OI\ drTfeeMs L{sr}reoq raleMdaap A Lteêr+ e}Itd €as '(%zT) specs ' (%zr) JaddPus o}Iuel pepnlcu t r\aq1 lqbrelvr .{q '71 asuplJodurJ ur pa){upu e.rn6rg ur uMoqs auuol 8LT JO l-{clec panes lElol aq? uT palpurtuopeJd I-{crI-{Msdnor5 Jo sarJsds "T aqJ ' 1q5Tu 1p esoq'l upr]l ')icof "raqbrq aJaM sa+eJ qJfpJ êc s sIq+ Jo seLx tsuep TerJJauIuoJ Aq pordn3co eare lTeus peuJnsaJd aql ^q puE ?seo3 +saM q?nos r-"-6 1rr^ ](^ h- ey+ JL,u,Lv4!-A --,IMpJ1A"--i^- eTqP+rns YJy r Lr4suev ey-r rle v-1IUJTT rru Jo ' {1e,raaas aJeM seroads s !q+ Jo saJpJ I-{31Pc pooC 171 a-rnbrg 1 'I'8tB L'9rB pue t'8t8 sliroTq-qns nPalpId a+srTPrnJeN 31tr'Issorrp pue (1saq aL{1) t'oz8 s{JoTq-qns uI Jnoq rod auuol 8'o 01 E'o ulorJ 'ec) pa6ue"r pu€ (ul 92, :ueeu lur OoE -ooz releM de:p ur ^Ta^lsnTrxo 'uorle?roldxa ue{e1 aJeM se+eJ q31eo poob 'rno; eq.1 Jo sTqEdPJ ^^ r-.,', ^ -,,- -rlc 6ra e\-r rlcu l qrLvy/ euvv+ 7'O pepaecxa €1eJ q3+Ec ) L{srJ:Jeoq pilurqs-l) Lcl t or-{1 Jo asJnoseJ aTqeuoseeJ € spoqfeul 6urqstS elq€+tns 6ursn 'qldep

c 'ârr nrrA, , rD^ rrr rr-rvt:.l ' u :L L +v r{,,vLt '.]Ltv ! LrlstJ u I uerts I ereM aser-{J ( zt a"rn61u ) 6' az6 '(Jnoq pue L'826 s>lcoTq-qns uT Jed auuo+ 9'O-t'O a6ueJ) Îrio ' -A 1?rrr^^ . . ^ L uu ur LUL,1 ueu esuv+ z \J papaa3xa saJPJ qJle3 ^T TeêJJ 'u 9zz fnoqe fe +saq aJeM pue 1q6ru ^q ueql ^Pp ^q Ja+P3J6 Î?q5aIS aJeM '(ZL 't'gZe q+dap 1e s31€r qc1E3 uPahl ernbrd) 9'9ZB pue Z'9Zg 'zTA pJPnnog adec Jo +seM seTtuj 9t +noqe s{3oTq-qns t 3q1 ur puE 'r '796 ( luerEtpe) ,'9L6 p:ue g'oL6 s)icoIq-qns ur Îuo parrnrso Jnoq Jad ouuoJ t'o aôqe a{Td €as pedrJ+s Jo sa?eJ qclec 'pecs Jo sa+pJ qclec a,\o.rdur .{eur 1au cr-6e1ed a6-re1 e 3o 'u 3sn aL{f ernlnJ uI gzz Jo qldap P Ja.l\o ar€M êp aq? ur sa?eJ '^lrlrqerren qsfec lsaq aqJ, JaJeeJb peq pue sale-r qclec 1q61u 'rzT ueql .raq6rq ^T'luesrJrubrs :JaM safeJ q3leJ êc aJnSrJ) 'I'EZg '6'gZB g'9ZA 'Z'9ZA : zr^ pJ€Anog adeJ Jo +soM selru It 'Z'196 'I'196 fnoq€ s{coTq-qns Jo dno-rb aql ur puP r'9L6' 8'0Z6 't't96 '5'6T6 slcolq-qns ur paJJnJJo saleJ q3+P3 JSeq 3q+ puP V] ACKNOV{LEDGEI'IENTS

Ine auLhors wish to sincerely thank all Lhe peopJ e who made tnjs hisboric cruise possible and rewarding: the Director of Fisheries ano Vljldlife, N4r^B.K, Bowen; the Chief Resedrch Officer for Fisherles. Dr D.A. Hancock: Mr K. Kaino and Sumatil Australia Pry rtd for t-heir friendly co-operation and effective Iiaison between observers, Caprain and crew. Dr T. Whi te and Mn K. tsack are warm-Ly bhanked tor Lhe many 18 hour days Lhey spent whilsL on boand Lne vessel Very special +hrnLq mrrql :lc^ ^.r l-.\ r-^ni^i. Mi\/^h^r'^ r-hiof OFf inon l-rrai h:n-

,n.1 "r.l Fn.l Zlh Of f i-arc M irrr^ IVIral,^mr -n,i i\4i',rr^f ^ =-A !O Chief Radio Offlcer Mr Muraoka all of whom were courteous, Ircl nf ttl anaj hoqni t.rhr F drrri n.r f hF r-rrri qF . ,\. ldPuL' -uPP'ic statistlcal advice and wrote computing routines within S.P.S.S. fonmaL. K, tsack a.d M. Saupi n drew some of tne figures and S. lrli^l-\l ci,^nliod cama af tlaa ^n^t^^F:^hc :h.l lh^ nninl-c fan fi ^rrn-< nr' ia q:i nqhr I i cd qome nh^l-^^n^nhq tri

VII REFERINCES 'Report Anon.(lgBO). on the genera I sLaLus of deep sea trawl gr^ounds along the wesL coasL of AusLr^alia, ' ('taiyo Fishery Co. LLd, and Sumatif Pty LLd.mineo).

Bdck, K.T. ( l9Bo), 'Feport on demersaI traw-l l-ishing along the i^lesL AusLr^alian coast by the Jdpanese Lrawler 'Taiyo Maru 71' ,' (Departmental report, mirneo) .

Cdle, C.F. (1905). 'Report on Lhe fishing indusLry and Lrawling operations for the year 1904 .' A. l?ep' F izl't. Oep. i.leztt Autt. (7905t, s7 pp. 'Inorgan-Lc Klrkwood, L.F. ( 1967). phosphate, organic phosphorus 'Pup. and nitrate in Australian waters.' lech, 0iv. Fizh,. Oceanog.r. CS1ll0, 14eLb,,25, IB pp. (Original not seen).

Phillips, B.F., Morgan, G.R. and Austin, C.M. (198O). 'Synopsls of biological data on the western rock lobster, PanuLir,uz cggtlu4 George , 1962,' l.'AOFish. synop . , I28 , 61p.

Rochford, D.J. (1967). 'The phosphate fevels in the major surface currents of the Indian Ocean.' Au.tt. 'J. l4a,'1. F zezl'Luat. llea. , I8:.I,22. 'Biometry; Sokal , R.R. and Roh,tf , F.J. (1969). the principles and practice of statistics in biological resedrch.' (Freman) xxi, 776 p, tables.

Tranter, D.J. (1962). 'Zooplankton abundance in Australian waters .' Auzt. ,. 14aa. F,zezhaat, llea. , L3: 7c.6-42

26 -

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1 25,7,19 t120 r92o zgooa, tt:osl' zgtsg' tttonl' 160 - 135 39 2 2130 22!5 2ao49' 113039' 2Bo4?' tr3t33' 33 3 2455 0155 29"36' 113"34' 2s"30, trro:u, 13s - 148 13 72 4 26.1,19 0330 o40o 2ao22' ltzazq' zaozo' tttoz3' 220 1L 242 5 o62a zaots' tt:oz:' zrott. r13ot9, 198 - 201 2l 154 6 0?05 0835 28"00' tt3o1s' 28oo4' 113"15, t94 - 20r 161 ItSt* 0920 rloo zrool' tt:ot6, zgoto, tt:ozo. 135 - 193 L14 3 1145 t32o 2goto, 1r3o1o, 2go06' f13ol5' 202 - 2\3 114 9 1400 r53o 2go06, rt:ots, zgott' 113org, 220 - 228 rt8 465r 10 r9o5 zsoog' rt'rttl' zaoo:. rt:otl' 2ta - 222 ta2 924 4 11 1945 2rrs 28ooo' 113ot3' 2?056' 1r3o1t' 33 242 I2 2200 2i30 21"sJ' tt3"lt, 2?"48' tr:oro' 199 - 200 10 73 '1 13 21.7.19 0010 or4o 21"4a' rt3"r2, 2?o4s' rr3o11' t?3 - 195 5I t4 4230 o31o 21o42, 113"12, 27"40' rr:orz' 14s - 165 15 0650 oB35 2iors' rr2"54' 21oog, 112"51' 204 - 2r9 r32 l6 0915 \\2s 2?oo8, 112"51, 27"03, !!2o49' t99 - 220 107 T7 t2t0 1415 21o05' r!2"49, 214t3' tt2o53' 2t0 - 224 120 534 l3 to3o ztot4, ttzosl' ztozg' 112o59' 2I3 - 223 151 451 19 t9L0 2!2s zlozz' ttzasg' ztalt' ttzosg, 226 - 302 20 2240 otto 2i"41, tt3oo9, 27"52, rr:ooa, t?3 - 192 3 35 21 24.1.19 0145 0345 27o5s, t13ot7, 2goo3, t13o2o. 158 - 164 t0 22 0545 0815 2sooo, rl]o13' 2aort, tt3ot?' ta9 - 225 161 23 0350 to35 2soll, 113"17, 28"06, rr3or4, 220 - 230 24 1115 t25o 29"06, 113"15, 28"13, rL3orq' 20n - 220 33 s17 25 1330 tg3o 2a"\2, tt:otg, zgolz' tt:"ts' 203 - 216 159 350 26 1915 2tr5 2eorz, u3ozz' zaoog' u3"23, 130 - 175 20 tl0 2t 2215 oo15 2s"03' Lllo2z, zlosa' tt3ozo' 130 - 131 9 2A 29.7.79 0to0 o3oo 21o56' 113"19, 27"51, u3o1s' 130 29 0335 0435 21o49' t13o!9, 27"4?, tr3ot6' f34 - 141 30 0645 og25 zlaat' tt:ooe, zros:' rL:oor, 20L - 221 ;" 3t 1015 t2t5 2i"51, 113o12, 2soo4, tt:ots' L9A - 220 41 225 t2 55 1455 28oo5, 113o16. 28o13' rt3o20, L96 - 210 524 33 1535 1615 z8oLs, tt:ozr' zente, tr3oz3' 19€ - 210 34 2320 ooso 29"15' t14oo1, 29o20' 1].4oo4, r90 - 194 5 35 30.7.79 0140 o3!o 29422' 1l4oo5, 29o2e' ttlooa, 206 - 210 I 59 36 0355 0525 29"29, r14o1r, 29034, rt4ot5' 176 - 1€O 3 22 37 0610 o?40 29"35, L!4"r4' 29029' tl4oos' 203 - 221 38 0900 tot5 zgozg' t14ot2, 2qo3t' fr4o!5, 130 - 134 19 39 1t05 !r2s 29o36' u4ot4, 2E"3?, Lt4o!5' 234 - 244 1335 29"37, 114016, 29o3s' u4"!?' 2L0 - 216 3 4I L545 zgoaa, ttlozl, zsolg' ttloze' 160 - 136 9 66 42 r'720 1s50 29"52' r!4026' 29"si, rt4o2g, 160 - 152 117 43 3t.1.19 0130 o3oo 30"49, 114"46, 3oos4, tr4"48, 173 - 130 0340 osLo 30"56' ttloag' lroot, 114"51, 2r0 - 212 3 0705 ogl5 tt"lr, rr40.6' tlolc 114"56' 186 - 221 ' 0920 ro2o , .ozz' 114"56 31026 t r ao.6' 256 - 266 65 tl05 1205 31o30' 114056' 31o34, rtaosl' 3 33 43 1540 31039' rrsoog' 3roa2' ttsoLt, La2 - 134 l0 1t0 t6t0 1B20 31"44' ttsotz' 31o51' ttsoLs' 132 - 135 50 2320 232a :zo:o' ttsoo3, :2o:0, ttsooS' ' 51 1,8.?9 o2oo 32olo' tlsoo:. :zots' tr4o58 , t2? - 150 0115 0445 zzatl, tt4o53, 32041' lt4o5L' L96 - 200 51 53 0550 07<5 J)aa)' ttq"r.' ::"rr' r'ao58' 146 - 153 244 .tdo56, 0330 -0oo tzolt tl4o5q' .zo4r' 116 - 142 434 55 1035 1240 3zoas' tt4054, 32o51' 1t4o4O, 140 - 143 '12 ' 1310 1445 l2osa' ttaone' ::ooz, ttlo4, 142 - 153 445 51 ' ' 1515 1645 :tooq' ttnoat' ltoog 114oqt r34 - r42 I 59 , ' 53 1730 tgoo :lt1t 114038' l3oot 114033' 29 59 2,8,79 0520 o620 3lalJ, tl5ooo, 14o44' ttsooa' 60 oB45 14o43' 1t5oo9' 14o44' 115o1l. 145 61 0930 to20 i4o43' tt5t14, 34o51' rt5'15, 135 - 142 6 62 I150 l3o5 tatsa' ttsool' tlosl' ttnosg' 1 9 63 I140 15to :qtse' ttaost' tt.sz' tLn.sz' L14 - 220 5t 1600 1650 .l4o5l' 114049. l4t4g' 114o46' 242 - 296 3 25 l34o tatq6, ttaot:' :+tqt' ttanqt' 3t6 - 123 29 'l4o4t' 66 1925 2a25 tqonz' tt4o43' tl4.4g' , ' 22AA 2ioa i4ni2' rt4'56 r4o29 114051' 130 - 114 5 63 oo4o l4o2l' 114o5o. :14025, t14o4q, 12? - ll0 l1 t2l
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(panuTluoc) z aTqe,l Table 2 (continued)
Sett!trq losition flaulInq Position Depth catch in catch tat. Iong. Lat. Long. Irange (m) Pans Itate
r34 11.8.79 0300 0500 24o2e' rL2o2r' 24"2r, rL2"25' 254 - 26a 6 33 0545 0745 24org, tt2o2i' 24"12' uzozz' zlt - zle 6 33 0825 - 136 zaotl ttzo:e, 24o05' ttz":g' rss rg: 652 tl7 t 030 1230 24o06, tr2ols' 24o02, ttzott, taz - 2,os 3l 170 138 1300 1500 23osg' uzolg, 23osa' tr2os?, t2o - 15s 160 , , - 139 1535 f3 30 23059 ttzoss 23050' rt3oo?' rro rr4 36 324 ' r40 1855 2055 2toat, 1t3"og 23o4r' tt:ot:' rol - tte 26 143 2I20 r4t 2320 zloao' ttSots, zta3q' ttrotg, tol - ttz 45 248 L42 2315 0L45 23o34, tt:otg' z:oao' tt:ot:, rrr - ttg 39 2t5 143 12.8. ?9 021s 0415 23"39' ul"1l, ::oj'r. tt:ota, trs - rzo 192 l,l,l o450 o720 , - 230:1, tt:otg zlott' rr:o:.2, rro rtr 246 0?55 1000 - 1"s 23a40' ttlora, 23"36, tt:otg' toi tts 6t 322 1030 r46 1230 23o36, t-tlotg' z:ol:' rt:otl, toa - tog 27 r48 ra7 1455 - 23o4s' rr3"r2, z:ost, rt:ool' tor ttl 138 1525 \125 - 148 23052, 113o06, 23"58' tt:oo| tog rtz 242 1?55 1955 trl9 ziosl' rt:oot' 23"51, tt:ooa, Lta - rzz 23 L26 150 2020 2220 z:oso, 1t:oog' - 23044' rr3oto, ltg r22 15 82 I5I 2250 0050 zzoqz,' rrl"iz, 23o36, tt:otr , t1o - t15 l4 1s2 13,8.79 0fI5 0315 23o34, tt:otg' 23o:a' u3o22, 109 - tr2 2t 116 151 0400 0555 :3o3s, tlloz:, 21"35' lr3ozo' 9g - to,t 39 224 154 0625 0g25 2:o3s' rt3o2o' 23"39, rrtoz:' 9s - roo 19 434 0350 rrirs 21"30, rrloz:, 2:o:s, tt:ozt, a6 - 90 29 225 155 I055 1255 23o34' tt:o21, 23"21, u:oul, 94 - tol. t7 1320 t 520 23o2a' rr:oz:' z:o:s' Lllozo, tol - 1os 35 L92 158 1545 r710 23016' 1r3o19' 23043' tt:ots' roo - toz 36 159 1810 2010 23o45, rt:or:, 23051' tr3ooB, 1oo - to6 t5 88 160 2045 2240 zgosg, tt:ool' ztost, rrlooz' lo4 - rro 14 30 161 2305 0105 z:osg, tt:ool, 23os3' rt3oos' 1oo - to6 ]0 I52 14.8.79 0l3o 0315 2los:' rt:"0g, ztosg, tt3"o5' 96 - 9s 13 113 ' t63 1305 1410 ::!sg tt:ott, z:oss, tt:oLz' go - a4 2 20 164 1440 1640 z3osl' tt:ots' 23"46, tr:oto, 04 - 9r 29 160 165 1?00 1835 zlotl, 1r:o1r' 23o39, tt:ozo' so - 92- 355 166 2r20 2150 zto:s' t1:o:r, 23434' tt:ozl' 68 - ?5 10 220 , 167 2240 0040 21"i1, tt:ozl 23o26, tt'lo3o' 65 - i3 24 r32 ' 168 f5.8,79 0t!5 o245 z3o2r, rr:ott, 2lotl' tt:o:z 72 - i6 L2 113 ' 169 0305 03,40 23oro r]'3o3r' zlolg, rt:ozg , 75 - 7g L4 264 ' 170 0455 0625 23ot5, tt3o28 2too9' rt:oza' roo - r1o t3 171 0840 zlool, tt:o3o, 2:oo| tr3o:2. 98 - 105 24 158 ' t72 09to It05 22o5a, u')oll 22053, 1t3ozl, g7 - L3o 6t 315 173 1140 1310 22"54' rt:ozg, zzoag' tt:oze, Lo2 - 202 11 al 114 1it20 r550 22"52, tr;oze' zzosa, rr:oze' 136 - r?3 43 350 175 1630 18l0 zzosg, 113026, 23ooi, 1r3o24' \26 - r2s 1r4 621 1?5 1905 2050 z:oog, fr3o24, 23o15. ttEozq' rt4 - 119 10 63 I77 2130 2330 23ots, rt:oze, z:ooa, tytozi' 109 - tl.4 17 ' 1?8 16.€.79 0000 0140 23"06' u3"27 23"0r, r13o27' 1to - 1r2 2l 133 r79 0210 0355 23oor' 113o28, 23ooi' 113"27, 109- 110 56 352 ' ' 180 o420 0620 2toot tL3o27' 23ooo rllo:g' tog - to9 27 116 181 ' ' 0650 0340 23ooo' tltozt 2lool rt:ozs, 117- 123 12 432 ta2 o920 tt20 23oos' rr:"zs' 22459' tttazl, r22 - t2a 90 495 la3 L15o 1350 22o59' ll3o27, 2ioo7' rt:ozo, rt5 - It? 53 292 la4 ' r415 1620 2:toot' t!3o2't, 23ooo' 113024 t2o - 1.14 80 422 ta5 -72 la55 2zosg' rt:ozl' z:ooe. tt:o:a, l2i - 13,4 396 186 , f930 2130 23005, tt:9za zzosg' ttlozT, t2i - \37 165 147 22rO 00L0 22459' ' 113026 ztool' u:"22, roa - t4o 3t t70 148 77,A,19 0105 o245 ' , 23ooi tttozt' 23"00 113"2s' tro - 114 22 145 189 0315 0515 23ooo' 1t:o:g' 2zool' tt3azi' 106 - tog 209 190 0545 ' 0?l5 2zoat' ttlo26' 23o01' 1llo25 120- l4o 22 t32 191 0810 2loot, ttlozs, 22o54, tr3o:2, lla - 139 293 192 r015 \205 22o54' rr3"2t' 23oot' ttto:s' 140 - 14:l 193 1235 1405 23oof' ltlozs' zzass' ttlazz, t22 - t35 331 194 Il40 1510 zzoss' tt'to:s' ::oot' tttoro' 105- rll 6l 195 r540 1330 21"02, rr:"'to' 22"56' ttto:0, toi - toe tt3 r96 1910 2010 22456, tt3olt' ztoot' ltlo:t, 9B - lo5 270 L91 2150 2350 23o03, tt:o:o' 2:toog' tt:oze, 102 - 1to t6 r9a 18.8.79 0145 0315 ziozL, rlrot8' zzozc, tl'lots' 112 - t3B 5 37 199 0345 21027' tt3ot:, 23o32, rt:ott' l4g - 152 51 200 0550 0?30 2:o::, lt toto' 2lotg' tt:ooe, 150- 152 290
40 IV
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--- qstEa uI q31€J u-ir'lsod lul Inel uo-'J,ru'sd
(panu Tluoc ) z aTqe,l Table 2 (continued)
settinq qaul '*:: Dat€ Positlon ind Posi tror )epth catch ln catch !at. !onc. Lat. Lonq. Rarqe (r) Rate
27L 21.4.19 0330 0430 rzolz' rtsoog, :zore' rtsot o 50 - 52 272 0500 0700 :2ors, trsot5, l:":g' tt5otl 9 99 273 0730 0830 tzoao' ttsotr ' :?"1s, 11soLz, 43- 46 I6 '1" 274 0855 zzoae, rr5o12, :zos:, trsoos, 42- 44 275 It35 1238 lzosq, rtsooa, :zoss, ttsool, 42- 45 216 1315 1415 33oor, trsoos' ::ooa, tLsoo:' 52- 51 33 217 1440 1450 33o05, 114"59' :loos, 1r4oss' 50 274 1550 1600 33o06, 114o57' ::oog' tLno56' 53- 56 279 2a.4.19 0930 10r5 :4otl, ttaozl, 34019, rtlozg' 536 - 540 9 ,1, 2ao 1130 1400 34ozz' rtlozg, :lo:o' 114"30' 433 - 496 103 415 2Al 1530 1?30 :ro:0, ttlo:l' 34a23' ttaol: 172 - 408 81 4?8 282 1820 r915 34ots' ttao3t, lnot6' ttno3o' 396 - 4r2 96 243 29.4.19 0120 0735 34o21, tttozl, tlozl, ttlozt, 514 - 574 244 0850 zPza' tttozg' gto::, tt4"2e 540 - 550 3 13 245 1145 :lo:e' ttro:r' 34"30, ttr":z 246 1525 r7 25 3ao:e' 114"36' 34o32, tta"::. 398 - 408 ,,, 247 lB20 2020 :.to:z' rtlols, :Eo:g, ttao3g. 336 - 354 288 30,8.79 0640 0840 34"49, 114"42' z|otz' rtao:a' 430 - 414 259 1000 1200 :aol:. ttao:t, 34o48' ttaoto, 434 - 541 2A 154 290 1300 f500 3aorg' ttto:l' 34042' rrao:r' 590 - 502 4 22 1625 TB25 34o39' u4"34' :4o::' 1rro3r. 4?6 - 480 51 314 292 31.8.79 0?!5 0900 34o55' ttaost' 34o52' u4"4a 532 - 5?5 4 25 1015 1t 45 :aos:, ttnolo' 3noss' ttros: 470 - 490 \1 t25 294 t245 1445 :aosa' rrlos:, :lost' u4"46 340 - 356 10 55 t53o 1730 :aoso, ttao45, 34"44' tr4oao 360 - 3?0 51 2Ar 296 ra25 2025 :aoas, rtlo:e , ltost' trloas 419 - 505 10 55 297 r.9.19 0640 0730 35oo:, 115o24, 35o03' :'tso2l' r74 - 2rO 298 0320 0920 :sooz' ttso:8' :sooo' 115"2:J 146 - r47 1015 1115 ttosl' ttsoue, :losg, ttgo:z 115 - 137 300 1200 1300 34o55' 115035, :aos3' u5"3r. 95 - 93 2 ;, 101 1t50 1450 :4oag, tt:o:4, 34o51" ttso3a. 46- 52 5 ' 302 1530 1630 :soAl' trso:g' i4o44 ltso:s ' 303 1?00 \125 3{046, ttso:2, 3ao4s, trso:u. aa- 52 L ,u 304 2,9.79 0610 0645 :sot:' ttsosg' l5or:, tt los,' r52 - 240 ' 305 0aL0 0820 35o09, 1!5"s5, :SoOs ttl"S. L37 306 1005 1040 :s"to' tt5os:' 35oo9, ttsosr, 220 - 226 1 ]., ' 307 tt20 1305 :5ool' ltsoau 35o04' ttso4:, 2t9 - 240 303 1345 L425 3soo4, ttSotS, :S"og, ttsols, 170 - 176 ' 309 !500 1620 35o04 ttsoal' :sooz, ltso4z , 131 - 153 2 ; ' 310 1?15 1805 15"03' l15olg :5ool' ttsols, 138 - 144 ' 311 2035 2t35 :soo:' rtsozt' ::oo: ttsots, I 1t , 3L2 22t5 2315 3soot, ttsote' :5ooo tlsoL:, 159 - 163 33 ' 313 0055 34osa ttsoog' 34"56, rLsooo, 155 - 153 5 314 3.9.79 0140 4240 :nose' tt5oos' 3Eoss' lrsooz, 156 - 168 3 33 315 0320 o420 :loss' ttsooo' 34os4, ttqoso, t14 - ta6 2 22 316 0510 0610 3ao5l' tt4oss' 34o51' rtaosz. 180 - 200 3 33 317 0830 34o30' tt4oag' 34046, rtaosq, 216 - 243 5 31 313 ' 09r5 1100 34oae' ttloae' t4oso rlnos| 167 - t14 25 319 ' 1140 1240 :aon8 rinosr, 34o4s' 1r4"4s, 157 - 160 2 22 320 ' 1320 r42A 34043' trloao t4olo, ttqols. L 11 321 t 510 1700 34"36' ltnoqt' t4o:t' ttao:1. 160 - 16? t0 322 t?35 1925 l,4o3o' ttqo:l' lqo2s' ttqo:o , 151 - 157 5 323 20L' 2200 34"24' 114"35' tqoto' ttE":0, r55 - 172 2I 132 324 2245 2345 laaze' ttqolo' tqozq' tta";g, 146 - 149 32 325 4.9.79 0015 o1l5 l4ozz' ttqota' tqots, tr4ol;, 55 326 0200 0300 :lote' tttorl' :lotz' 'ao:o , 144 - 146 6 66 321 , 0330 34ort' rrnl:e' l4oos rtao]q, 147 - 150 5 55 323 ' 0900 3qozl' ttqot: tlo3o' tt4o:t:, 3?4 - 398 246 ' 329 1200 lqo:o ttao:t' tnozz' rtaor' 430 - 440 330 1300 lqozo' 114o30, :totl' t74ozg, t0 1r0 t31 1315 3!o05' lt4ozl' :3ose, ttqozL, 352 - 405 121 592
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(panu Tluor ) Table 2 (continued)
sgttipqPositlon IlautinqpoEition Depth Calch in Catch Lng. Iat. Lohq. Range (h) ?es Rate 391 13.9.?9 0600 0730 23002' 1t3o1s, 23o07' tr:"L0, 296 - 304 37 193 0310 0930 z3oo9, tt:o1f, zlotz, tt:oto, 1 3 199 0935 r055 z3o1:' tt:ooe' 2fli' tt:"ot' 496 - s00 2 t6 400 r245 1145 2zozo, 11:ooE' 23o23' [:ooz' l 33 401 ]445 zloza' 1r:oo:' 23o31, tt3ooo' 316 - 320 t 3 402 ts']0 1550 23o34' tt:o03, zlo3g' tt:ooo' 226 - 224 22 ra2 403 1735 1915 23o42' tt:oOt, z3ol8, 112"58, 150 - f86 404 14.9,19 014s 0345 zaoot' ttzo4o, ztaol' ttzo35' 248 - 250 3 L1 405 0430 2noro. ttz"::, zlots' 112o30, L 406 0515 03L5 24otr ttzozs' 24"23' ttzozs, 244 I6 lo6 0900 1040 ztoza, ttzoza, zfzg, r!2o2t' 254 - 260 527 408 1120 1320 24ozz' ttzozt' 2404!' uzota' 234 - 237 29 f430 1630 zro4e, ttzots' zao55, ttz"rl' 260 - 262 13 12 410 1120 !900 24"49' ttzotl' zsooa, trz"t:' 235 - 240 t3 36 41r 15.9.79 0120 0250 26"01, ttzotz, zeoos' 112o36, 14t - 143 A12 o325 0455 26oot' u2"3?' 26o12, rrzo4r' 145 - 146 413 0540 zeot3' ttzorz, zsorg' lrzoag, I42 - L45 l8 99 AL4 0810 1010 z6o2t, ttzost' zao25, rr:o58, 138 25 133 415 r045 1245 z6o2a' ttzose, eaozl' ttzoqg, 145 - 147 l2 66 416 1320 7520 26ozz, u2"so, 26ozt' tr2os7. 140 - 143 t3 ?1 411 1550 1?50 26o30, tt:ooo, ze":e' 113"00' r40 - I42 35 198 413 15.9.? 9 03lJ 27050' rt:oto, zto55' rr:ota' 203 6 4t9 0540 21o5t' 113a12' ZAoOZ' rt:ora' 2I2 - 220 3 22 420 0620 ' 0820 2goo5' tt:orl zaotz' tt:org' 220 - 224 16 83 42L 0800 1100 2oofr. lt:o:o' zeoo4' tt:oro' 200 - 201 1.9 104 422 1140 1340 zaool' tt:otr' zeott, tt:oz:., 190 23 t26 423 t4t5 1?00 zeotl tr:ozr' :eotg, tr:ou s, 176 - 190 23 92 424 1730 1945 2sor7, rr:oas' zsoog' tttozz, 160 - 16? 2A T3?
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o rt Table (cont'd)
+20 421 422 423 424 {o!\rs
SharX 5{ sFolf ish Lizard fish 103 I'lanny9ai 7D 9D 3D Dory veilfin ID 7D 3D 15D 239 Gulf gurnard pelch t?8 Latch€t 32 Plathead captains fish r95 nock codl 57 Peall lErch Bigeye failo! 5 Are\ra11y 1 0{7 Aibe!jack Scaal 1D 1 980 chinarnaD fisb 311 149 sl.te bleam 20 Swe€tlip ern!)eror 607 101 Lerxo snapper 209 Fal6e snapper l4l Pinl snaplEr ]'25583 503 t{ullolray 29 Goatfi.sh 507 De€F.ater boarfish a12 Que€n snapper 29 Dusky tnorr'ong t Sea pike I 5r8
Hairtail 9 Blue mackerel 5 (R) taixed lish I 53 (D) Dixed fish 33 240 )riscellarleor)6 34 cuttlafish 505 Arrot rquid, rEroon ll Arro$ squid, olange 95 Boundfin Equid 41 IL
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23
WESTERN OF A.F,Z,
WESTERN
AUSTRALIA
\ NATURALISIEPLATEAU )( t
Figure I The approximate cruise track of rTaiyo Maru 71r as ' indicated by daily mid-position (broken lj-ne, dates sho$/n at about weekly intervals) during observer presence on boaral vessel 13 Jul-y - 16 September 1979. Depth contours in metres and 320 km (200 mile) western boundary of Australian Fishing zone (A.F.Z.\ are shown.
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1. OVERHEAD HATCH-COVER. 2. FACTORY SORTING FLOOR.
3 . TRASH CTIII1ES . 4. FISH WASHINGMACHTNES. 5. STACKING SPACE FOR BASKETS. 6. HEADING & GUTTING TABLE.
7. DOUBLE BLADE SAW.
zx 8. CONVEYORBE],TS. HO dFi EU 9. GRADING & PANNTNGTABLES. El 10. CENTRAL CONVEYORBELT. 1I. SAT,TWATER SHOWER.
12. STACKING SPACE FOR PANS.
SNAP FREEZER ROOM
I. CONVEYORBELTS.
2. SNAP FREEZER UNITS. o SNAP FREEZER ROOM 3. SALT WATER SHOWER.
F1 a 4. PAN KNOCKING PLATE. 5. GI,AZING MACHINE.
BOXING ROOM
1. BOXING TABLE. 2. RUBBERSTAMP STAND. BOXING ROOM 3. STACKING SPACE FOR BOXES. 4. BANDING MACHINE. 5. ROLLER CON\,TYOR. 6. FPEEZER HOI,D HATCHES. 7. STAPLE MACHINE.
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Frgure 11 Diurnal periodicity in catch rates of individuaf trawls. The four areas in which the trawls were undertaken either in clerrli.rhf h^rrrs or ^l .inhl arc indin:Led wlLh brawf number, on the horizontal axes. The determlned economic catch rate (E.C.R. ) and mean catch rate for the cruise are shown on the vertical catch rate axls.
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30 30 O. F' RW Trawl Al64 Trawl 20 LenKo snapper sea p rke N=578 N =161 20 - ; a a [l 10 uJlo
- t4.l 15.1 18,1 30,1 32t 34 1 361 381 40.1 L.C F.(cm ) L,C.F.(c m.)
(b) (e) 30 Trawl l5 Trawl 26 Yellowtail scad Siiver trevally N = 292 N=187 u 2o ; f o
E E s .: !61 r8t 201 ?2a 241 261 241 l0r L.C.F.(cm.) .C.F (c m.)
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LengLh composition of 6 fish species of major i mporLance to the Japanese from random samples. They were: (a) lenko snapper t i.tiu t tu',,i{ ?..,n.r/showl ng size range discarded (D), occasionally filleted (F) and retained whole (R.W. ); (b) yellowtaif scad ( lr,aclruzu.; rnccull0cl'ti ) 1c ) layarrg Scad ( Decopte.,LLL4tnac/Lo,1ono) ; (d.) Srriped Sea pike ( 5phLeefta c'btutata); (e) silver trevally lPteudocattctnx /p ); (f) big-splned boarfisn (UnaecinLu., hendecctcanLhuz). i\,teasurements (a)-(e) are lenqth to ^:,,dr1 f anr. rnrr r r\ is total lenqth. 84 98
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Figure 15 A .^m.:-i <^n f^r fr c'nlng 't aas l4of mean wei ghts o[ t -r soVô, .rash f i:h o^d rubbi sh cliscarded.
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Dat e Shot No arnâ L:+ i tr 1.la Area Catch Rate Conl]Iient
!6/7 A157 24o 17 ' 24o24' 2 r,370 LENKO Dominant 10 19/7 A179 24o56' 25oo5' 2 r.784 LENKO Dominant 100 79/7 A180 25oo3' 21o 51' 2 2.571, LENKO Dominant 100 Le/7 A181 24o 55' 25oo8' 2 o. 889 LENKO Dominant 10 20/7 A183 2 5oo8 ' 24o 58' 2 1.316 LENKO Dominant 9 B/8 116 260 46' 260 39' 3 o.aL4 LENKO Dominant 76 27/7 15 27o r5' 27o og' 3 o. 830 SCAD,! Dominant 5 2L/8 224 260 27 ' 26o22' 3 o . 951 SCAD-I Dominant 63 ro/9 3BO 27o 50' 27o 15' 3 1. 106 SCAD'k Dominant B L0/9 381 27o43' 27o37 ' 3 3. 109 SCADT Dominant B 26/7 6 2 BooS ' 28oo4' 3 1.181 SEA PIKE* Dominant 68% 26/7 9 28006' - 28011' 3 o.865 SEA P IKE.T. U OIII f FIdfIt' l UU7o 26/7 10 2Boog' - 2Bo03' 3 o.924 SEA PIKE'Y Domlnant 9B% 75/7 AI17 23o52' - 23o58' 1 o.aL4 T REVALLY'! Dominant 71% 6/e 344 32o25' - 32o 2r' 3 o.aa4 B,/S BOARFISH Dominant 90% 76/B 186 23oo5' - 22o5a' 1 o. 908 BIG EYE Dominant 48%
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I SJV'Id PLATE 4
The Furuno echo sounder in chart room, showing 40 m bottom chasrn.
PLA E 5
a^dan.l .\f n6F h,rl l6'.] ou1- Dy scer n dinf.\, I iho nri^/ f^ snoocang away
PLATE 5 t? Codend is winched above hatch leading to f ish F^^+^rrr c^Y+ i n^ fl^^- 66
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Fish on heading and n,r++ i n^ +rl.\'l ^ nd.r
La:.] i -n m:^hi -^
PI,ATE 11
Starboard washing machine and scupper boards surrounding fish factory sorting floor.
PLATE 12 qd,r i d c^rfin^ h:\, If^r^- ground) . 11 kg metal h^he el-a^ka.l in:icla ready for use "
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I PI,ATE 16
The fresh-water glazing mr^lai ha /6.1a hl ,,a assembly, background at right).
PI,ATE 17
tt'e boxing, grade stamp- fng and banding room showing roller ramp which 1ed to hatch of freezer hold .
PLATE IB
view of tappets on 2OO0 Hp main engrne. e0T
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6I A,tVTd PLATE 22 Skipjack trevally (Pseudo- caranz sp.) .
PLATE 23
Biq-spined boarfish (Und,ecimus hende cacanthus ) .
PLATE 24
rilha eLT6al. l in amna-^- ( Le tW,i nus chrgsosLonws).
1820S/3/82-1M L/3206 WiLLAM c BFOWN GovernmenrPrnrer. Wesroh Ausrat,a