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Critical Analysis of Environmental Flow Assessments of Selected Rivers in Tanzania and Kenya

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Critical Analysis of Environmental Flow Assessments of Selected Rivers in Tanzania and Kenya Critical analysis of environmental flow assessments of selected rivers in Tanzania and Kenya May 2011 Critical analysis of environmental flow assessments of selected rivers in Tanzania and Kenya By Chris Dickens May 2011 Pangani River Basin Management Project .V:J$:J110V`:1J:J:$VIVJ `Q=VH 1$VJV`:J$ VH.J1H:C1J`Q`I:QJ:JRRV0VCQ]1J$ ]:`H1]: Q`7`Q`%I Q `VJ$ .VJJ V$`: VR: V`VQ%`HV:J:$VIVJ 1J .V:J$:J1:1J5 1JHC%R1J$I:1J `V:I1J$HC1I: VH.:J$V5 Q%]]Q` .VV_%1 :GCV]`Q011QJ:JR11V$Q0V`J:JHVQ` ``V.1: V``Q`C10VC1.QQR:JRVJ01`QJIVJ `Q`H%``VJ :JR`% %`V$VJV`: .V:J$:J1:1J: V`Q:`R11I]CVIVJJ$ .V]`Q=VH 11 . VH.J1H:C:1 :JHV``&' ^ V`J:&0:' %`_'*VCQ]IVJ+$<:QJ ^-'_'/+0+108.V]`&': ' %`V J1:0/V`JIVJ Q`<4&Q%$.:$`:J ``4R0& : 6:H1C1 7/401`QJIVJ6:H1C1 7 .`'*8 The designations of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the participating organizations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The opinions expressed by the authors in this publication do not necessarily represent the views of INR or IUCN. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and INR, Scottsville, South Africa Copyright: © 2011 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources and Institute of Natural Resources This publication may be reproduced in whole or part and in any form for education [ acknowledgement of the source is made. IUCN would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication which uses this publication as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purpose without the prior written permission of IUCN. Citation: Dickens, C. 2011. \ !"#$%&'$$ Africa: INR. viii+104pp. ISBN: 978-2-8317-1363-2 Design and layout: Anthony Mwangi - Anto Dezigns Photography: IUCN Printed by: Colourprint Limited - Nairobi Available from: IUCN - ESARO Publications Service Unit, P. O. Box 68200 - 00200, Nairobi, Kenya; Telephone +254202493570 - Fax +254 20 89061/5 E-mail: [email protected] Institute of Natural Resources P O Box 100396 Scottsville 3209 Fax +27 (0)33 346 0895 Tel +27 (0)33 3460796 Email [email protected] Web page www.inr.org.za Table of Contents Summary v Introduction vii Structure of this report ix Chapter 1. The Tanzanian Situation 1 Chapter 2. The Pangani River 5 Section A: Initiation and scope of studies. 5 $*< 6 Section C: Evaluation of the original & present state of the systems. 8 Section D: Evaluating the importance and sensitivity of the systems. 15 $#>\ 15 Section F: Setting a vision for the river and development of scenarios. 16 $H\ 18 Section H: Monitoring issues. 20 Section I: Successes, limitations and gaps. 20 Section J: Lessons learned and the way forward. 22 Chapter 3. The Wami River 25 Section A: Initiation and scope of studies. 25 $*< 26 Section C: Evaluation of the original & present state of the systems. 26 Section D: Evaluating the importance and sensitivity of the systems. 30 $#>\ 30 Section F: Setting a vision for the river and development of scenarios. 33 $H\ 34 Section H: Monitoring issues. 35 Section I: Successes, limitations and gaps. 36 Chapter 4. Great Ruaha River 39 Section A: Initiation and scope of studies. 39 $*< 40 Section C: Evaluation of the original & present state of the systems. 41 Section D: Evaluating the importance and sensitivity of the systems. 45 $#>\ 47 Section F: Setting a vision for the river basin and development of scenarios. 50 $H\ 52 Section H: Monitoring issues. 57 Section I: Successes, limitations and gaps. 58 Chapter 5. The Mara River 61 Section A: Initiation and scope of studies. 61 $*< 63 (rivers, estuary, lakes and wetlands). Section C: Evaluation of the original & present state of the systems. 64 Section D: Evaluating the importance and sensitivity of the systems. 71 $#>\V 72 Section F: Setting a vision for the river basin and development of scenarios. 75 $H\ 77 Section H: Monitoring issues. 83 Section I: Successes, limitations and gaps. 85 Chapter 6. A Critical Analysis 89 Chapter 7. A Way Forward – Outcomes from a Tanzanian Workshop 95 Chapter 8. Bibliography 99 iv Environmental flows in Tanzania 2010 Summary .1`V]Q` `V]`VVJ :%II:`7:JR:J:C71Q`1@ .:GVVJH:``1VRQ% Q0V` .V]: RVH:RVQ` Q5 Q:V:JR1I]CVIVJ .VVJ01`QJIVJ V_%1`VIVJ Q``Q%``10V`G:1J1J<:J1:8.VV T G:1J:`V .V:J$/V: %:.:5:I1:JR .V:`^9VJ7_ 0VV:`H.:JRI:J:$VIVJ VcQ` 1JV:H.Q` .VG:1J1:VVJ:CC71JRV]VJRVJ ``QI .VQ .V`5 .V :]]`Q:H. 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