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Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914

Extracted on May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[Front cover - blank]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[inside cover]] AC0005 Diary 16 [[end page]] [[start page]] [[underline]] XVI [[/underline]] Journal of Dr. L. H. Baekeland of Yonkers, N.Y. U.S.A. "Snug Rock", Harmony PArk. Beginning: August 17 - 1914 to December 31, 1914

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[blank page]] [[end page]] [[start page]]

1 [[1914?]] Aug 17. Excellent night's sleep Pain in tooth entirely relieved. Up early. Cooler weather. Furuta came here this morning to arrange program. After tiffin Shiohara's automobile took me to Sankyo & Co's office. [[red underline]] Japanese style [[/red underline]] in a side street. Explained to him and Furuta all my samples and whole history of [[red underline]] Bakelite business [[/red underline]] impressing upon them to avoid same mistakes as those we committed and specially refraining from manufacturing and starting several articles at the same time without knowing which is important. I told them that later when we shall have learned what class of goods find easiest market it will be easy to decide what to manufacture in Japan and in this way we will prepare the way for a [[red underline]] partnership as soon as conditions warant it. [[/red underline]] My arguments seem to be accepted

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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2 During this conversation we received telephone call from [[red underline]] Kondo [[/red underline]] that he is securing a cabin for me paying 1 1/2 price for a 2 person cabin on [[red underline]] SS. Manchuria [[/red underline]] of the Pacific Mail Co. which sails [[red underlined]] Aug 29. [[/red underlined]] This is very advantageous because it is an american ship. Very crowded undoubtedly. [[red underline]] By that time war between Japan and Germany [[/red underline]] will probably be declared and Japanese, british or German ships will be impossible for passengers. This afternoon visited Curio shop Jap. antiquities [[strikethrough]] of [[/strikethrough]] near hotel and bought a little [[red underline]] portable Budha shrine, supposed to [[/red underline]] be antique for [[red underline]] 3 Yen [[/red underline]]. At 8:30 Hotel Guide accompanied me in motor to [[strikethrough]] [[Yoshiwana?]] [[Yohokawa?]] [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] Yoshiwara. [[/red underline]] Great throngs all around neighborhood [[end page]] [[start page]] 3 Processions of Budhist sects bearing lanterns, beating drums going to particular shrines. Guide says each sect beats a special instrument or makes special noise so as to attract its followers. Big bunches of artificial lotus flowers borne in procession At Yoshiwara. everything much and widely illuminated, policemen in white duck. just stationed like fire-men. All houses new. old burnt down in 1911. All modern and substantial brick or enameled brick. Guilded bars like bird cages. Callers in restricted to ticket box. are not allowed to go outside. [[red underline]] Rows of girls all sad and [[/red underline]] stupid looking, some smile make signs but everything looks very quiet. Many smoke. Each house, and there are many, has all girls dressed alike, same

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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4 style kimono. Rows of photographs, then the Gallery behind. Other house no girls displayed only photos. Saw no one enter. but saw many efforts of ticket seller of inducing gaping men, who simply seemed to make fun of them. They urged them just as if they were selling wares. Girls got as much as 500 ¥ which they can send to their parents and for which they have to serve several years. The whole thing a rather [[red underline]] awkward and sad exhibition [[/red underline]]. Saw no really pretty faces. Non as pretty as the daughter of Sakuray or wife of Ishwani's son. See [[red underline]] Yoshiwara's [[/red underline]] description in Terry's Japanese Empire) Home at about 9:45 P.M then to bed. Aug 18. Up at 6 A.M. Went to [[red underline]] dentist [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 5 at 9. bought some socks etc then [[strikethrough]] home [[/strikethrough]] Tiffin. Afternoon about 2 P.M came Furuta brought me letters and newspapers from [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] dated July 31. [[red underline]] Celine announces war rumors [[/red underline]] pities Albert whose family is in the zone of action. [[red underline]] Little did she imagine that a few [[strikethrough]] years [[/strikethrough]] days later Belgium would be in same plight. [[/red underline]] On July 31 the [[red underline]] German liners [[/red underline]] in New York [[red underline]] cancelled their sailings so at that date [[strikethrough]] 5 days [[/strikethrough]] 4 days or 5 days prior to formal declaration of war, they were already warned. This seems to indicate to me that at that date Austria and Germany had already secretly planned to strike, and undoubtedly had not notified Italy. [[/red underline]] Perhaps they did not expect that Italy was going to withdraw from the Triple Alliance, or perhaps they [[strikeout]] ex [[strikeout]] ^[[sus]]pected this attitude of Italy and therefore left her out of the secret.

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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6 [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]]writes me orders ^[[red underline]] for Bakelite [[/red underline]] are coming in satisfactorily. We drove to Government laboratory where Dr [[strikethrough]] Mio [[/strikethrough]] Miyama showed me the important points of the [[red underline]] Japanese lacquer industry. [[/red underline]] (See special report for General Bakelite Co. Two other Doctors there all speaking english so badly that it was [[strikethrough]] half [[/strikethrough]] mostly guesswork to understand them. Saw also some samples of solidified hydrogenated [[red underline]] soya oil. [[/red underline]] Busy all evening reading New York papers. Was the first in the hotel to receive them. To bed early Nice cool weather. Aug 19. Up at 6 AM. to [[red underline]]dentist [[/red underline]] at 8 A.M. Kondo comes and tells me that he can get room on [[red underline]] Manchuria [[/red underline]] but will have to [[strikethrough]] pa [[/strikethrough]] pay double fare. Told him to go and buy it and make sure of it. Discussed agreement between [[red underline]] Kwanto Co. [[/red underline]] Told [[end page]] [[start page]] 7 him it would be preferable if we were stockholders [[red underline]] for 25% [[/red underline]] of the new enterprise, our stock to be [[red underline]] common [[/red underline]] and having no claims on assetts in case of liquidation except for any amount [[strikethrough]] exce [[/strikethrough]] of assetts exceeding stock capital purchased for cash. He seems [[strikethrough]] to [[/strikethrough]] agree [[strikethrough]] about [[/strikethrough]] this. Went to the [[red underline]] Bank for another $250. [[/red underline]] Then Kondo came to announce that I can have a good cabin to myself on S.S. [[red underline]] Manchuria [[/red underline]] but it will cost [[red underline]] $350. [[/red underline]] Aug. 20. At 7:30 A.M to [[red underline]] dentist who put in gold filling in my tooth. Good job. [[/red underline]] His bill is only 15 yen! Finished packing paid bills and tips. My bill is about 284[[black underline]] yen. [[/black underline]] at [strikethrough]] about [/strikethrough] 12 yen. daily for board and room per day. Gave following [[red underline]] tips [[/red underline]] as advised by [[red underline]] Kondo [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough] Steward [[/strikethrough]] Headwaiter 5 ¥ Table-boy 3.50 ¥ Room boy 3.oo ¥ Porter 1 Messenger boy 50 sen each

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[start page]] 8 Young [[red underline]] Iskawa [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[/red underline]] there with hired auto. Drove me to Ueno station. [[red underline]] Furuta [[/red underline]] there to see me off. brought me some Natto made from [[red underline]] Soya bean. [[/red underline]] obtained by boiling the bean till soft then let ferment till softer and wrapped in corn-leaves. Is rather tasteless and does not keep more than one day in this hot season. Train goes thru well cultivated fields. green and well cared for. [[red underline]] Reminds of Flanders. Rice [[/red underline]] seems the predominant crop. Some corn planted around rice-fields. Mulberry bush for silk worms. Silk culture important industry here. Also tea bushes. Lotus plants in submerged rice-fields. Also sweet potatoes. Notice [[red underline]] well constructed power transmission [[/red underline]] lines everywhere. Every farm [[end page]] [[start page]] 9 [[strikethrough]] wh [[/strikethrough]]however small and simple - [[red underline]]every hut seems to have electric light. [[red underline]] Strawtatched huts [[line drawing of a one story hut with crested roof and two windows]] [[strikethrough]] wh [[/strikethrough]] with peculiar crested roof made of black tile or of straw. Many [[red underline]] bamboo trees [[/red underline]] of considerable size. [[red underline]] Bamboo bushes [[red underline]] make pretty bunches of pale green in landscape. Now and then a cluster of trees- pines or bamboos - sheltering a farm house or a shrine of [[strikethrough]] wh [[/strikethrough]] worship. Our compartment is 1st class and we are alone. Next is 3d class. Japanese - men and women - [[red underline]] all quiet [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] orderly sitting [[/red underline]] in huddled position everywhere. The floor strewn with their wooden clogs everywhere. [[red underline]] Men and women all smoking Japanese [[/red underline]] pipes. Some [[red underline]]soldiers in kaki [[/red underline]] and wearing boots. - Why make them wear boots to people [[end page]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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10 who so skilfully wear clogs. Will spoil their feet which are now very healthy. At stations little earthenware teapots and small cups [[strikethrough]] serv [[/strikethrough]] sold for 3 sen. [[red underline]] Japs like to drink hot tea even in hot weather. [[red underline]] Hotel has provided us with excellent lunch baskets containing everything packed neatly in flat square little boxes resembling flat cigar boxes. Cold chicken, ham tongue sandwiches cakes, "tansan" and beer. Similar flat little lunch boxes sold at stations. [[red underline]] Cryptomeria japonica [[/red underline]] trees stately appearance. landscape becomes more interesting. Mountains in distance. Is getting cooler. Railroad is climbing now. Long ^[[straight]] Avenue of giant [[red underline]] Cryptomeria [[/red underline]][/underline] leading towards [[end page]] [[start page]] 11 [[vertical note in left margin in red pencil]] Nikko [[/vertical note in left margin]] Nikko parallel with road. (See Terry - Japan) At station row of Ricksaws. Street lined with shops of curios etc. [[red underline]] Hotel Kanaya. [[/red underline]]splendid position. Prettily situated very inviting. Good clean rooms. My window opens on pretty garden overlooking the foaming river below. Roar of current reminds of ^[[noise of]] Niagara. After unpacking went out with my two Japanese friends. Day is falling. shrines and temples in majestic wood with old giant [[red underline]] Cryptomeria [[/red underline]]. Climb climb climb. My long legs come in handy here and they have trouble to follow me. Rushing mountain streams and water channels everywhere. spouting out or rushing down hill between temples and shrines. Back by dark. At one shinto shrine

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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12 [[red underline]] iron sandals [[/red underline]] offered ^[[votaries]] by pilgrims who want to acquire better feet! Same [[red underline]] as in Lourdes! [[/red underline]] Back at dark. [[red underline]] Cheerful [[/red underline]] dining room electric lights and electric fans. My Jap. friends only Japanese guests of hotel. Proprietor is a Jap. rather good looking with pointed military moustaches. Most of guests are [[red underline]] englishmen [[/red underline]] from [[red underline]] China [[/red underline]] or other neighboring places. Some amerians too. Service by little Japanese [[red underline]] girls about 15 to 18 years.[[red underline]] Their [[red underline]] size [[/red underline]] corresponds to [[red underline]] american girls of about [[/red underline]] 8 or 10 years. all in multi-colored kimonos. shoving around [[strikethrough]] on noiselessly [[/strikethrough]] on their wooden clogs. Trap - trap - trap. Seem like dollies. and look as if they were going to forget [end page] [start page] 13 their orders. or drop some of the dishes but are very skilful quiet and efficient. Am told they are only paid [[red underline]] a few sen a day. [[red underline]] Seem all [[red underline]] cheerful [[/red underline]] and good natured [[/red underline]] and handle a few words of pigeon english. Found my every suit, neatly folded on my bed. ditto shirt with collar attached to it with proper button and necktie. Come in room and go out, at most unexpected moments behaving as if they did not exist for me. [[red underline]] Excellent service [[/red underline]] Aug 21. Altho weather was quite sultry last evening and made me perspire abundantly while climbing, night was cool and had very refreshing sleep. Air now is cool and dry. Cheerful sunshine Chicadas in trees. [[strikethrough]] S [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] Ne-san [[/red underline]] brought my coffee and fruit

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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14 in room at 6 AM. Then went out with my camera near [[red underline]] Nikko [[/red underline]] sacred bridge (See Terry's - Japan) made photos of teamsters and pilgrims. Ever changing scenes. [[red underline]] View spoiled [[/red underline]] like everywhere else by [[red underline]] telegraph poles [[/red underline]] and electric wires. Also electric car. [[red underline]] Pilgrims [[/red underline]] with straw mat on back as shelter for sun, for rain and as bedding for rest. - very practical and simple. Their big straw conical hats. Went back to hotel then with english speaking japanese guide and the two gentlemen went out for visit of shrines and temples along garden ^[[and summer residence of]] of Mikado. - All very simple Temples are of wood heavily lacquered. on canvass. well polished well kept. [end page] [start page] 15 [[red underline]] Predominant color is vermillion red lacquer [[/red underline]] - also black lacquer. and [[strikethrough]] g [[/strikethrough]] heavily gilded copper. Has withstood centuries. Temples and shrines much better kept and cleaner looking than those I saw in Tokio. Many being restored and relacquered. Some of them are kept so well that they look like big lacquer boxes. Priests sitting at entrance and [[red underline]] perforated coins [[/red underline]] - made specially for offering purposes. thrown in old wooden boxes provided with grating on top. (See Terry's - Japan) An [[red underline]] old dancing Shinto - priestess [[/red underline]] - [[strikethrough]] must [[/strikethrough]] must be at least seventy years. - Wrinkled face. dressed in white. dancing every time a short dance similar to Geisha dance whenever money is thrown

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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16 Afterwards she lent us an umbrella and kept my camera. In one of the temples our guide had prearanged everything with the [[red underline]] Shinto priests to hold a service for our purification. [[/red underline]] Saw him give 15 yen as payment. Before entering temple first went to some [[strikethrough]] side building pr s [[/strikethrough]] construction consisting mainly of [[strikethrough]] small [[/strikethrough]] roof in [[parts?]] sheltering a granite [[strikethrough]] tl [[/strikethrough]] trough thru which flows crystal-clear water, and by means of wooden ladle we [[red underline]] purify mouth and hands after offering some pennies [[/red underline]] for payment. Then entered [[red underline]] first temple. [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] Had [[/strikethrough]] Left shoes behind and walked on our socks. Then entered first room where priest said some prayers and shook a bunch of white strips of [end page] [start page] 17 paper [[strikethrough]] over us [[/strikethrough]] fastened to a stick, (like a fly-chaser or a cat-o-nine tails) over our head which [[red underline]] was supposed to purify us and drive away evil spirits. [[/red underline]] Then in other room [[red underline]] I had to don green silk Kimono [[/red underline]] of shinto-bonze before entering into sanctum. I must have looked great! Then in next room service began. before shrine. The priests bowing before altar till head struck the matting. [[red underline]] Weird discordant music [[/red underline]] entoned by [[red underline]] three priests [[/red underline]] one beating drum, other playing wooden flute held horizontally, the other a strident little wooden whistle of which he changed now and then the reed, each reed being more discordant and out of tune than his predecessor

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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18 The changing of the reeds corresponding to different phases of the ceremony. [[red underline]] Sounded as if wailing babies joined [[/red underline]] in the [[strikethrough]] noise [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] mewing of hungry cats intermingled [[/red underline]] with muffled beating of drum. The priests executed all the rites with utmost formality and slow well studied methodic movements. Prostrations, bows, more bows. Monotonous prayers. Three dry hand claps. etc. etc. (See Terry's - Japan) Then offered, two jars, and a plate. supposed to contain food. - [[red underline]] rice. [[/red underline]] My Japanese always pronounce it lice. Offering of "lice". God of "lice". Temple of "[[black underline]]lice."[[/black underline]] Then the drinking of the holy saké. [[end page]] [[start page]] 19 Got ^[[small unglazed whitish-gray stoneware cup. now in [[strikethrough]] Chin [[/strikethrough]] our Chinese cabinet]] [[red underline]] cup as souvenir. [[/red underline]] also a prayer or tenet of budhist sage which I took along printed as souvenir in Japanese with english translation thereof. Then mounted those interminable stone steps among those majestic [[red underline]] cryptomeria [[/red underline]] trees to the grave of [[strikethrough]] Yeusy. [[/strikethrough]] Yeasu. [[strikethrough]] Started [[/strikethrough]](See Terry's Japan) Began to rain, then heavier drops then a run for shelter till we struck like Chaya near entrance of shrines. Then rain poured in torrents, heavier and heavier. General appearance of [[red underline]] Japanese yellow paper umbrellas. oiled [[/red underline]] and provided with chinese letters indicating ownership. Men and [[red underline]] women simply lift kimonos higher and walk with bared legs [[/red underline]] in the most unconcerned way comical sight at first to which

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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20 one gets accustomed. In the little [[red underline]] Chaya [[/red underline]] they were frying little white tasteless rice-cakes, coated by ^[[m]] means of a brush with soy- [[strikethrough]] sauce [[/strikethrough]] preparation, and grilling it over one of the ever present little charcoal fires, all this done skilfully, gracefully and neatly. the embers being livened by means of [[strikethrough]] def [[/strikethrough]] deftly use of fan. Many succeeding little cups of equally tasteless japanese tea. We had sent for Ricksaws. After some waiting they came; was conducted under Japanese umbrella held over me to first Ricksaw The Ricksaw-man had oiled cape and does not mind the rain. Is bare- legged too. I am tucked inside of the small vehicle [[end page]] [[start page]] 21 and rubber front sheet prevents any rain entering. Galloped me off to hotel. Here special cold tiffin quickly and cheerfully served altho' it was 3 P.M. about 5. rain ceased so we took stroll along river which is much swollen. Started raining again so took shelter in [[red underline]] small store. Old man and his wife or [[/red underline]] daughter sit around their little charcoal fire drinking tea and younger woman probably a customer there also immediately offer us tea. I wanted to pay for it but Irray tells me would offend them. They all seem amused at my tallness. ^[[compared to Japanese]] Tried a few words Japanese with them to their greater amusement. [[red underline]] Japanese young woman [[/red underline]] asks me [[red underline]] why I do not [[/red underline]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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22 [[red underline]] become a Japanese. [[/red underline]] Much good natured laughing. Older woman smokes her little pipe. Young woman seems quite intelligent. Rain stops so we walk away after many "Sayonaras" (Good bye). Walk along further along river near small [[strikethrough]] ele [[/strikethrough]] hydro-electric power plant. Shaky wooden bridge. Am told this bridge is expected to be carried away frequently by flood therefore there is a steel cable (or was it a rope?) stretched alongside on which the Japanese in a basket move ^[[then]] from one shore to another. by gripping the rope with their hands while shoving basket forwards with their legs! Along river a row of gods [[end page]] [[start page]] 23 in stone. [[strikethrough]] some [[/strikethrough]] all looking alike some minus head; others with a stone put up instead of missing heads. others again moss grown with comical effects when hairy moss grows on top of head of the gods! After supper at hotel spent evening selecting colored postal cards and colored photos. Aug 22. Up at 5 A.M. Beautiful [[strikethrough]] cool [[/strikethrough]] pleasant morning. blue sky. not too warm. Early breakfast in room. Deep slow sounds of [[red underline]] big bell [[/red underline]] at nearby temples. Left at 6. A.M. for days excursion to [[red underline]] Lake Chirzenji [[/red underline]] One Ricksaw and [[red underline]] two carrying chairs [[/red underline]] followed us for further use in case we should get tired. [[strikethrough]] We passe [[/strikethrough]] Many picturesque specimens of Japanese life on the roads. Present among them japanese

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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24 [[red underline]] women [[/red underline]] in tight fitting trousers. multicolored sash and bow. white cap with broad conical straw hat, [[red underline]] mounted on poneys [[/red underline]] with multicolored high saddles. and conducting other ponies [[red underline]] to the mines to collect ore. [[/red underline]] and bring it back to Nikko station. Here dwarf amazons looked so picturesque that I tried to photograph them but they dodged and hid, or turned their heads or whipped up their horses to escape my camera. laughing loudly after they thought they had foiled me every time I started running after them with my camera [[red underline]] Electric light in every house [[/red underline]] and every farm. Water and ponies are abundant here [[end page]] [[start page]] 25 everywhere a quick running stream of clear water runs in wooden channel before every house and is general means of carrying away refuse or washing. Saw them all [[red underline]] scrub and clean [[/red underline]]carefully their [[red underline]] kettles or frying [[/red underline]] pans in the little channel. Happy playing children. Now and then a shrine or some bigger temple. At one of the shrine saw ^[[bulky]] lock of hair, offered by a woman. Shrines [[strikethrough]] alway [[/strikethrouth]] in lovely [[strikethrough]] sp [[/strikethrough]] natural spots in shade of trees near a water fall. Visiting cards as slips of paper [[strikethrough]] by [[/strikethrough]] left by the pilgrims Further up an [[red underline]] electrolytic copper refinery. [[/red underline]] All one story frame buildings lightly constructed. Ischawa tells me they send them [[red underline]] copper [[/red underline]] from Oji [[red underline]] to be refined [[/red underline]] here. [[strikethrough]] Now [[/strikethrough]] Our road

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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26 has an electric train. Later follows the pebble strewn river which judging from is wide irregular bed must often change into a wide raging torrent. Road slowly ascends now (see Terry's Japan) it is getting hotter and hotter but we want to keep on marching. Finally reach [[red underline]] an old ^[[Japanese]] inn. (300 years [[/red underline]] old says [[red underline]] Irray [[/red underline]]) I am glad of the opportunity to rest. Hot tea served, then bottled cheap lemonade called "Cider". Made photo of Inn. Proprietor shows me his inn. A photo dedicated by the english embassador. Also a painting by a frenchman representing the inn and giving in french "Avis à mes compatriots!" [[red underline]] Ici il [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 27 [[red underline]] ya des honnêtes gens. Plus loin on vous vole" [[/red underline]] etc. Old japanese proprietor shows me good naturedly around and I am object of interest and amusement to his numerous family when I stand up and [[red underline]] my head reaches beyond the cross-beams. [[/red underline]] Many bows and "Arriatos" and "Sayonaras" when we leave. We keep on now I sitting in chair carried by four coolies. I look like Pope Leo! They go in step rythmically and stop frequently to change shoulder, supporting everytime the big carrying bamboo arms by their bamboo stick. This chair carrying gives a queer motion somewhat similar to motion of a ship. We ascend zig-zag road. Further I dismount and clamber over

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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28 short cuts thru woods. Bamboo grass and exotic trees. They show me also a [[red underline]] lacquer tree. [[/red underline]] Chinese woman with party of american girls and american young man Reach place of the [[red underline]] Lode stone [[/red underline]] which is only very slightly magnetic as shown by [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[/red underline]] with his magnetic compass but attracts [[strikethrough]] no [[/strikethrough]] small iron keys. [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[/red underline]] eats some little white paste balls passed on little bamboo stick and painted with a brown perfumed sauce containing soy. and then roasted on charcoal fire. More tea and "cider". and tansan! His little balls look like part of a japanese abacus (counting machine used everywhere consisting of little balls shoved over parallel bamboo sticks [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough]] fastened [[end page]] [[start page]] 29 parralelly in a wooden frame) more chayas - ^[[where]] more cups of tea. We reach plateau thick birch trees. Then the Keegon Falls. slender but very high (See Terry's Japan) [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[/red underline]] tells me: "Melancholy youth comes here and commits suicide" Three pairs committed suicide in June. Finally we come in sight of the Lake. Beautiful blue sheet of water. Distant square sails and mountains. Went to Lake-Side Hotel Little rooms european beds with silk gold embroidered bed covers. Lacquered doors and closets. Rooms open on little balcony overlooking the lake. Bought [[red underline]] a Samurai short sword [[/red underline]] for 4 Yen. They first wanted 5 but reduced voluntarily as soon as [[Irray?]] intervened. [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] tells me [[/red underline]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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30 [[note in top margin]] [[strikethrough]] stands now on [[/strikethrough]] Lies now on our chinese buffet. [[/note in top margin]]

[[red underline]] it is a real antique sword [[/red underline]] may be 300 years old [[strikethrough]] After [[/strikethrough]] Lunch - mostly english women and their children and mostly [[red underline]] people from China [[/red underline]] on a summer vacation. We walked to another shrine the shrine of the Lake. Big barns to [[strikethrough]] accomods [[/strikethrough]] entirely bare inside only roof and shelter to accomodate [[red underline]] numerous pilgrims who there spread their mat and sleep. [[/red underline]] Then went to take tea in a japanese hotel where we were served once more with many bows "on all fours". Made portrait of the Ne-sun who served us. Asked to [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[/red underline]] to see the bath- room. Ne-san says it is occupied but occupants do not object. I hear considerable laughter. Ne-san [[end page]] [[start page]] 31 goes with us. to show bath room. A small room very clean. With square unpainted wooden tub in which sits one of a party of [[red underline]] four Tokio-Law-Students [[/red underline]] All laughing much the others are outside the tub, rubbing and splashing water over themselves with wooden ladles. [[red underline]] Ne-san [[/red underline]] seems [[red underline]] absolutely indifferent [[/red underline]] to sight of these four [[red underline]] entirely naked men. [[/red underline]] Towards evening we march back. I in the chair, then later on I [[strikethrough]] wal [[/strikethrough]] leave chair for short cuts. but the latter are now more difficult. Caught in rain near a Chaya. Rains more and more Rain falls in sheets. Waterfalls become coffee colored now People come in dripping wet. Party of [[red underline]] grumbling [[/red underline]] [strikethrough] ameri [/strikethrough]

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32 [[red underline]] englishmen. [[/red underline]] Then laughing american altho women and men [[strikethrough]] looked like thoro [/strikethrough] were soaked in water. [[strikethrough]] Mo [[/strikethrough]] Practical use of [[red underline]] oiled Japanese paper by an american [[/red underline]] - englishmen who wraps [[red underline]] one around legs [[/red underline]] the other [[red underline]] around shoulders [[/red underline]] and improvises a rain coat Yellow Japanese umbrellas make again their appearance everywhere. Bare legs too - men and women tuck up kimonos as high as possible and expose their [[strikethrough]] full [[/strikethrough]] legs full length to rain. Saw one couple equip themselves. Young women puts coat of her husband or sweetheart in her [[red underline]] obi. new use for Obi. [[/red underline]] and they wrap upper part of [end page] [new page] 33 body in yellow Japanese oil paper. ^[[Stopped at the old Inn to get a glass of Saké]] Rain - rain in the mean time. We walk along torrent finally reach little station of train line. Small [[strikethrough]] litt [[/strikethrough]] cars. filled with every kind of [[red underline]] wet people all good natured. [[/red underline]] It is dark now. I ask [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[/red underline]] what they are talking about. He says [[red underline]] about the war [[/red underline]] with Germany and that they make the remark [[red underline]] that this time there is very little sentiment (enthusiasm?) [[/red underline]] for this war. Back in time for supper then went early to bed. [[black underline]] Aug 23 [[/black underline]] (Sunday but not different from other days. Got up at 6:30 A.M. Beautiful clear weather again. While [[strikethrough]] to [[/strikethrough]] at photographer saw the imperial [[red underline]] Princess [[/red underline]] pass. in Ricksaw. she left for Tokio to [[red underline]] see her brother [[/red underline]]

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34 [[red underline]] who left for war with Germany [[/red underline]] She was dressed european fashion deep mourning for her father the late emperor and her mother who died last year. Ricksaw before her contained some officer of Japanese army or navy then came another lady dressed in black, then one dressed in ordinary Japanese style then Japanese in frock coat. With [[strikeout]] guide of y [[/strikeout]] our Japanese guide we went on further visit of temples. Now particularly temple of [[Inesu?]] is being restored. Saw [[red underline]] Japanese lacquer work [[/red underline]] and how it is polished. They use ^[[piece of]] charcoal of magnolia wood, also flat little stones. of which I took samples with which they rub and polish the surface [[end page]] [[start page]] 35 slow laborious work. I note that lacquer is applied on canvas and the latter is first fastened to several foundation coats of lacquer + pulverized brick or clay. I took some samples of layer of lacquer where it had pealed off by long exposure to the sun. The wood of the [[red underline]] Magnolia [[/red underline]] tree [[red underline]] does not shrink [[/red underline]] hence it is used preferably for lacquering in the construction of these temples. Even the floors are heavily lacquered 1/8 and 1/4 inch thick. Some [[red underline]] columns [[/red underline]] are shown to me said to have been built up from [[red underline]] pure lacquer layer by layer! [[/red underline]] anothe example of painstaking, [[strikeout]] fo [[/strikeout]] time robbing useless work as exemplified by the complicated designs and details in ornamentation of their temples. [[underlined in red]] the idea of the artist being to offer his [[/underlined in red]]

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36 [[red underline]] time and life to his gods. [[/red underline]]. Contrast with true art! Ther is a little god [["binjuru"?]] very popular and is a sort of a saint for all purposes curing all sort of ailments if rubbed at the right place. (See [[strikethrough]] Terry's Japan [[/strikethrough]] Terry's - Japan) many offerings to him. Ordinarily a wooden image but nose and eyes are rubbed flat, and with the many white and colored bibs it looks grotesque. After all these rites and superstitions are very little different from those of roman-catholics or episcopelians. [[strikethrough]] The service of Buo [[/strikethrough]] Budhism and Shintoism reminds me all the time the roman catholic- churches. [[end page]] [[start page]] 37 [[vertical note in left margin in red pencil]] Lacquer [[/vertical note in left margin]] [[black and red underline]] Lacquering [[/black and red underline]] [[strikethrough]] sho [[/strikethrough]] Went to Jap. lacquer shop. [[strikethrough]] Man look [[/strikethrough]] Then sickly looking little man with some beard and crooked nose looked very jewish. His child with sores on face. Some apprentices around him. [[strikethrough]] He was [[/strikethrough]] Upper part of body was naked but he sits in open door altho' wind is blowing and he is smoking now and then his pipe and has his fire pot near him. so that after all he takes not so many precautions against dust as I was led to believe. He [[strikethrough]] ex [[/strikethrough]] says dust from clothes more dangerous than that of the ashes of his pipe. Applies lacquer with flat wooden spatula. I obtained one also a brush made of [[red underline]] straight human hair [[/red underline]] and gave his children one yen which made me persona grata

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38 He has a little closet in which he dries his lacquer ware. Uses vermillon mixed with ordinary lacquer to get [[red underline]] red lacquer [[/red underline]] The latter is the specialty of Nikko, works for the local shops. He says it takes [[red underline]] 24 hours to dry [[/red underline]] each layer. Lacquer keeps well for one or two years or longer but when very old it dries slower and is more difficult to handle altho' it is then considered better. [[strikethrough]] We left the [[/strikethrough]] A slow walk along main street gave occasion to see many little industries [[red underline]] Soya-jelly. [[/red underline]] sold fresh and kept in water in little white soft bricks of gelatinous consistency. [[strikethrough]] tarter [[/strikethrough]] feeble taste but quite pleasant. [[red underline]] soya legume. [[/red underline]] obtained [[vertical note in left margin]] Precipitated from Soy by means of salt containing Mg Cl[[subscript]] 2 [[/subscript]] [[/vertical note in left margin]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 39 by grinding [[red underlined]] soy [[/red underline]] with water, then straining and boiling and evaporating in flat kettle over open fire. Skin forms similar like skin of boiling milk. This skin is periodically lifted out by means of a stick and this yellowish sheet is left to dry near by till it can be folded in a knot similar to a knotted necktie. In a fish-store saw [[red underline]] Abalone [[/red underline]] shells with fish in the shells seems a [[strikethrough]] prize [[/strikethrough]] much prized delicacy here. Went to buy some [[red underline]] lacquer [[/red underline]] ware in a [[red underline]] lacquer store [[/red underline]]. notwithstanding my liberal purchases my bill amounts only to 37 yen. Proprietor speaks english pretty well altho has never left Japan. Says has learned it in Nikko - seems quite intelligent

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40 Similar story was told to me this morning by our guide who learned his english in Nikko. [[strikethrough]] Name of Lacquer store was [[/strikethrough]] In leaving lacquer store another japanese was waiting outside induced me to see his [[red underline]] collection of curious [[/red underline]] and art ware. A revelation! Reminded me of Arabian Nights. Prices asked are quite reasonable but saw nothing of any practical use for me. - This is the main trouble [[red underline]] with Japanese works of art [[/red underline]] They seem to [[strikethrough]] have [[/strikethrough]] suit no modern purpose whatsoever. name of the firm is [[red underline]] S. Koboyashi. [[/red underline]]- Nikko. [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[/red underline]] tells me that one of the designs on my lacquerware represents the [[red underline]] Yoro-Falls [[/red underline]] and I understand that to [[end page]] [[start page]] 41 appease these falls, old men were fed to it ^[[in ancient times]] but I am not sure of having understood him well. remind of legend of [[strikethrough]] Na [[/strikethrough]] Niagara and [[strikethrough]] sending young indian maidens over [[/strikethrough]] the Maid of the Mist. Aug 24. In all the pagodas and shrines I notice endless repetitions of the figure of the [[red underline]] Stork [[/red underline]] standing on a [[red underline]] turtle [[/red underline]]. The allegory of long life. The stork is [[red underline]] supposed to [[/red underline]] live [[red underline]] 1000 years [[/red underline]] and the turtle [[black and red underline]] 10000! [[/black and red underline]] The [[red underline]] big bronze bell [[/red underline]] hangs in the garden of one of the pagodas and is sounded by striking it with a horizontally suspended wooden beam pulled by a rope. A man who has nothing else to attend to performs this work. [[strikethrough]] He [[/strikethrough]] Rain all last night. Up early 1st class compartment of our train pretty well filled.

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42 A family of americans and their two daughters and two germans. At Oji the people of [[red underline]] Kwanto Co all came in [[/red underline]] and inquired about my experience. Went with me to Tokyo and motored me to [[strikethrough]] restaurant in [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] house of Tanaka [[/red underline]] where I had to assist again to [[red underline]] ceremony of the Tea performed by a specialist a woman with blackened [[/red underline]] teeth. After we were all thru Tanaka tried some Gin rickey [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough]] on us which he had learned to brew. Much laughter again here [[red underline]] on account of my size being incompatible with low ceiling of house. [[/red underline]] He offered me a [[red underline]] handsome gold lacquer [[/red underline]] box and after I had thanked him we all [[strikethrough]] drove [[/strikethrough]] motored to Ueno [[vertical note in left margin]] The ^[[large]] Square gilt lacquer box in music room. [[/vertical note in left margin]] [end page] [start page] 43 Park Restaurant where a splendid lunch was awaiting me. Before lunch they had prepared a hot bath for me which I took hurriedly. In this sultry sticky steaming atmosphere this hurried dressing and undressing made me thoroughly wet of perspiration. Then to station followed by everybody. [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[/red underline]] had been attending in the mean time to transportation of my baggage. [[vertical note in left margin]] Yokohama [[/vertical note in left margin]] At Yokohohama drove to the bank to cash some money, then to office of Pacific Mail S.S. Co to pay for my cabin. [[red underline]] They charge me $350. [[/red underline]] for [[red underline]] a cabin alone [[/red underline]]! Then drove to [[red underline]] Grand Hotel [[/red underline]]. It is very hot again. There met the Dixons of Argentina and [[Pennoyer?]] of New York ^[[with]] whom I had become acquainted on the Tenyo Maru After supper we went to take a walk in the crowded town

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44 full of shops. and climbing a hill near the shrine saw [[red underline]] wrestling of small boys, [[/red underline]] who [[strikethrough]] put [[/strikethrough]] carried on the sport just like their elders. Very pluckily and with same self-control Aug. 25. Up at 6 A.M. There is a canal alongside the window of my room and all sampans arriving or leaving in Yokohama pass thru it. Took a drive in Ricksaw thru town. (See Terry's-Japan) He took me also thru Yoshiwara which looks very much like that of Tokio [[strikethrough]] br [[/strikethrough]] same cagelike show rooms etc but houses are all of wood here [[strikethrough]] and a [[/strikethrough]] while those in Tokyo are of brick. Took me over the [[red underline]] Bluff [[/red underline]]. hot climb. Then to [[red underline]] 101 step [[/red underline]] tea house overlooking Yokohama. A small wooden building of rather poor appearance [end page] [start page] 45 kept by an elderly ^[[japanese]] woman who speaks english in a purring voice. Short sleep after lunch then took the Mississipi Bay excursion and returned at hotel after dark. Aug 26. [[vertical note in left margin]] [[black underline]] Mitchell McDonald [[/black underline]] [[/vertical note in left margin]] Up early. Have made acquaintance of [[red underline]] Capt. ^[[Mitchell]] Mc Donald ^[[retired]] Paymaster [/red underline] of U.S. navy who has been living in Japan since 25 years. I had letter of introduction for him from Hendrick in New York Cheerful, hospitable old gentleman, who likes very much to tell a story and tells it well. [[red underline]] Knew Lafcadio Hearn [[/red underline]] lives at Hotel permanently and seems quite comfortable. Offered me full use of his carriage and his picturesque japanese coachman dressed in white Kimono with wide sleeves and white mushroom hat. "Ah-Sing", the [[strikethrough]] Japanese [[/strikethrough]]

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46 chinese taylor, came here early to try several white duck suits I have ordered yesterday. I found a photographer opposite hotel whose name is [[red underline]] Nagasaki [[/underline]] who makes my lantern slides colored for [[strikethrough]] 50 cents a [[/strikethrough]] 25 cents (american) a piece. Went to Kamakura. At railroad station observed how japanese wash their hands by ladling water from a through. Train runs thru green pretty cultivated country. Small farms. tatched roofs (see Terry's-Japan) Only other occupant of first class compartment is an [[strikethrough]] much [[/strikethrough]] elderly japanese dressed in white duck and panama hat. european fashion He has leather shoes. His [[strikethrough]] head is much bewi [[/strikethrough]] gray hair and gray beard the latter never cut and thinly distributed give him a very [end page] [start page] 47 comical appearance. White hairs over his whole brown face. Ricksaw to the Kashin - in Hotel. An old frenchman Monsieur Vernon, [[strikethrough]] with [[/strikethrough]] bald headed, stout and short and ^[[black]] dyed [[strikethrough]] b [[/strikethrough]] moustache is manager. He is a Breton. Very pleasant airy place. [[strikethrough]] Went to [[/strikethrough]]] Rear garden extends to sea. went to swim in surf. Simple wooded boxes for undressing. [[strikethrough]] with no s [[/strikethrough]] serving for both sexes. but nobody cares. Excellent swim but strong wind and heavy surf. [[strikethrough]] After [[/strikethrough]] At lunch service by young japanese girls same kind and just as clumsy looking but clever as those of Nikko. After lunch drove away with one of the clerks who will act as my guide. and we get horse carriage from hotel. Visited the temples. Buy hollow bronze statue of [[red underline]] Budha. Dai-budso [[/red underline]]. Objection to photographing on

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48 account of military forts. My [[red underline]] guide becomes quite nervous [[/red underline]] and shows considerable apprehension whenever I try to photograph. Monument of [[red underline]] Professor Koch [[/red underline]] near a cemetary placed there by his widow. My guide says he has accompanied [[red underline]] Koch [[/red underline]] throughout Japan in his travels. The widow is the second Mrs. Koch. Very hot. My guide takes me to [[red underline]] Eoshima [[/red underline]] (see Terry's- Japan) A very hot walk finally the cave. not worth all the trouble and fatigue. Driving home it has become dark. Wave swept coast strong wind. Fisher villages and farms. I note once more the [[red underline]] enormous extension electric light from [[/red underline]]] the waterfalls has taken everywhere. The [[red underline]] poorest hut [[/red underline]]], the smallest farm has at least one [[red underline]] electric light [[/red underline]]. Just in time [end page] [start page] 49 for supper. Most guests at hotel are [[red underline]] englishmen [[/red underline]] from [[red underline]] china [[/red underline]] with their chinese servants. Also some germans. but many japanese. [[strikethrough]] Supper [[/strikethrough]] Dining room shows great variety and most striking are many tables of [[red underline]] japanese [[/red underline]] dining with their [[red underline]] families [[/red underline]], small children included [[red underline]] all seem happy [[/red underline]] and enjoying european meals. but there is remarkably little noise everything quiet and [[red underline]] very different from a german or a french restaurant [[/red underline]] where waiters make enough noise by themselves. Here service performed quietly and promptly by Ne-san on straw sandals. After lunch went alone to the beach. Wild waves dashing to the shore. - roar of the waves A dark blue indigo sky with brilliant stars, and the milky way. Far away the dim

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50 lights of fishermen's huts The fantastic shadows of crooked pine trees all ^[[grown]] bent landwards on account of prevailing seawinds. [[red underline]] There is the Pacific Ocean far far away lies America and still farther away in Europe, people are killing each other in the most cruel and senseless war sowing suffering and sorrow and ruin. [[vertical red line in left margin next to next 7 lines]] From here I feel as if I were living on another planet. [[/red underline]] Coming back to hotel I see the two coolies who are pulling the "punkah" of the dining room. a cheap [[/vertical red line]] and efficient substitute for electric fans. X. [[vertical note in left margin]] X as we used to have in 1890 [[red underline]] in New York in down town restaurants [[/vertical note in left margin]] Drove to the station towards nine P.M. It is cool and breezy now. Here bought [[strikethrough]] to [[/strikethrough]] two lanterns made of skin of round bellied fishes. [end page] [start page] 51 When I arrived in Yokohama the streets are deserted but for some Jinricksaw men sleeping in their [[strikethrough]] ve [[/strikethrough]] vehicles. with a paper lamp hanging near shaft. Aug 27. [[red underline]] Nagasaki [[/red underline]] the photographer tells me [[red underline]] policemen of Yokohama are suspicious of me and take me for a spying german officer. Jinricksaw men have reported me as photographing [[/red underline]] They came to examine my negatives. Nagasaki told them I am the inventor of Velox and that he knows me since 15 years and I am an american. Has convinced the police by referring them to a japanese newspaper published in Yokohama which described my career with portrait Got Cablegram from [[red underline]] Celine [[strikethrough]] "Bigge [[/strikethrough]] Bigeggo" [[/red underline]] which cost me considerable

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52 worry because I could not find word in cable code until I discovered it meant Big eggs. [[red underline]] (big orders) [[/red underline]] - So after all the war is not making matters worse for Bakelite in America. This is some compensation for the losses I shall have in Germany and England where our business is now probably at a standstill and were it may have received a fatal blow. But [[red underline]] all these business considerations make little impression on me. [[/red underline]] I am thinking all the time on the [[red underline]] termendous disasters [[/red underline]] which are heaping on so many of my european friends and on other [[red underline]] innocent victims of the war. [[/red underline]] Lunched with [[red underline]] Mc Donald. [[/red underline]] Evening went to Tokio for dinner at [[red underline]] Shiohara's [[/red underline]] house. His house looks very much like that [[end page]] [[start page]] 53 restaurant where we went first in Tokio. Same plain rooms. same partitions. same kind of garden. Old house of a Daimyo. Bathroom with [[red underline]] square wooden bathtub. [[/red underline]] His wife nor daughters not there All japanese except myself. They have given me four cushions one on top of another to make it easier for me to sit taylorwise. [[strikethrough]] Diner [[/strikethrough]] Dinner served by [[red underline]] Geisha [[/red underline]] like usual but none understands english. Other guests are [[red underline]] directors of Sankyo & Co [[/red underline]], professors and two business men. Some speak english, others german, others only japanese. Then the Geisha "dance" the story of the Fisherman see Terry's - Japan. They were much surprised to know that I knew the story. [[Fureya?]] tells them [[strikethrough]] ion [[/strikethrough]] in America we have a somewhat similar

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54 story in the Rip Van Winkle legend. Geisha performance same conventional, stiff, set of poses. same discordant samishan accompaniment. [[red underline]] It is here where one realizes how different Japan is from the West! [[/red underline]] To me the whole thing seems clumsy altho' performers are said to be extraordinary talent of Tokio and are highly paid for it. referred to like great artists. Going home I was handed some letters from [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]]. full of reflection on war news. also some New York newspapers. Was disappointed to learn that [[red underline]] Redman [[/red underline]] seems to have discovered the trick of making [[red underline]] lightproof amber-bakelite, [[/red underline]] Aug 28. Have been troubled all night with violent diarhaia but feel no pain and on [[end page]] [[start page]] 55 this account am compelled to stay indoors. Weather is cooler [[strikethrough]] but [[/strikethrough]] and wind is increasing. [[red underline]] Professor Walter [[/red underline]] (metallurgist) of Columbia University just arrived at hotel and am glad to meet him again Is limping from abcess on his leg which has necessitated an operation. Met also a certain Mr. Robertson of Cincinnati president of a Steel and Iron Co. Learn that [[red underline]] S.S. Manchuria's sailing date is postponed. [[/red underline]] Met Dr. [[red underline]] Muller, [[/red underline]] german consul at [[red underline]] Shimonesheki [[/red underline]] who has been discharged and is leaving with the [[red underline]] German Embassador and other germans on S.S. Minnesota. [[/red underline]] He has [[red underline]] still more hatred [[strikethrough]] and speaks [[/strikethrough]] against Japanese [[/red underline]] than he expressed two years ago when I met him first on board the S.S. Kronprinzessin Cecilia The wind is changing into

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56 [[red underline]] a typhoon. [[/red underline]] Waves dashing over breakwater. all sampans seek shelter. Torrential rain, swept landwards. howling wind [[red underline]] Compelled to stay in hotel [[/red underline]] Prof. [[red underline]] Walter [[/red underline]] is very enthusiastic about Japanese and comes to conclusion that [[red underline]] all what he has heard thus far are calumnies [[/red underline]] fabricated with a purpose by petty traders, germans and business interests. [[red underline]] Mac Donald [[/red underline]] who has been living here for 25 years makes same statement and says systematic distribution of calumnies had been going on successfully for a number of years. [[red underline]] Thinks germans and chinese are most to blame. German most of all. [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 57 Aug 29. [[red underline]] Typhoon [[/red underline]] keeps on with same force. Compelled to stay in all day. Rain-rain rain! violent wind. [[red underline]] Dr. Muller [[/red underline]] still sticks to belief that the contradicted news of the destruction of [[red underline]] 4 english "dreadnoughts" is true, [[/red underline]] and this seems to be the opinion in which germans are rejoicing. I hope it is not true. [[strikethrough]] Steamer [[/strikethrough]] SS. [[red underline]] Manchuria further delayed [[/red underline]] on her way from Kobe on account of storm News of wash-outs of roads, railroads, floods, etc. Aug 30 1914 (Sunday) [[red underline]] Typhoon is [[/red underline]] over. Serene calm weather sea is as smooth as a mirror. Difficult to imagine that such a complete change could occur in a few hours. Spent morning packing but it is again hot an sultry Went out in Ricksaw then

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58 after lunch came again [[red underline]] Endo [[/red underline]] and young [[red underline]] Tohkawa [[/red underline]] to present typewritten copy of estimates which indicate [[red underline]] 12% [[/red underline]] profit after payment of 25% [[red underline]] to Hooker Co [[/red underline]] for royalty. Evening supper with [[red underline]] Mc Donald [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] Dr. Daland [[/red underline]] of Philadelphia. The latter is a physician-specialist, and has travelled extensively all over the world for recreation and has studied abroad. [[strikethrough]] Drove thru town [[/strikethrough]] [[insert in margin]] Mc Donald's [[/insert in margin]] Story of the [[strikethrough]] man who [[/strikethrough]] ^[[german]] in Yokohama who every time he had a few drinks imagined he was a "prussian officer" and got into lots of trouble. [[strikethrough]] Stor [[/strikethough]] MacDonalds scotch prayer, against the Irish! Very entertaining party. Afterwards McDonald drove us along the shore [[end page]] [[start page]] 59 then thru town in his carriage with his picturesquely dressed japanese coachman. Aug 31. 1914 Up early, very hot and sultry. - very hot. My hotel bill amounts to 85 yen. at 9 yen ^[[board]] per day and extras. Lunch at hotel with [[red underline]] McDonald [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] Daland [[/red underline]]. Then [[red underline]] Furuta [[/red underline]] came to visit me then came [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] Endo [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] [[Iskawa Jun?]]. [[/red underline]] then [[red underline]] Tanaka [[/red underline]] then ^[[Kondo]] [[red underline]] Shiohara [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] [[Furinjea?]] [[/red underline]]. offered them all Gin-slings in my room which they seemed to relish. [[red underline]] Shiohara [[/red underline]] gave me as present the [[red underline]] lacquer box X with mother of-pearl which I had admired so much [[/red underline]] in labortary of Dr. Miami [[vertical note in left margin]] That black lacquer box beautifully inlaid with mother of pearl. [[/vertical note in left margin]]

[[red underline]] Tanaka [[/red underline]] assures me that he will see to it that we shall be satisfied of our business relations. That altho' some tradesmen and

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60 business men of Japan my have given reason as to doubt of their honesty he can assure me that the teachings of his youth were those [[red underline]] of the Samurai [[/red underline]] and of the [[red underline]] Yamato spirit [[/red underline]]. Then last [[strikethrough]] dinn [[/strikethrough]] supper with [[red underline]] Mc.Donald [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] Daland [[/red underline]] then [[red underline]] [[Irray?]] [[Isekawa Jun?]] [[/re underline]] and [[red underline]] Endo [[/red underline]] came with basket of fruit. went with me aboard S S. [[red underline]] Manchuria [[/red underline]]. who lies inside break-water -- [[strikethrough]] Us Launch of [[/strikethrough]] Launch of hotel. Decks animated. Philippino orchestra of mandolins. Dancing on deck. - Very hot and sultry. My cabin is well situated, part of a suite. [[red underline]] Am one of the few who has a cabin for himself. [[/red underline]] Sampans and lighters loading ship [[end page]] [[start page]] 61 all night. Smell of soya-sauce which is important part of cargo. [[red underline]] Ship loaded to limit. [[/red underline]] Had to refuse cargo. Most valuable cargo of [[red underline]] silk [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] eve [[strikethrough]] ever transported over pacific. American steamers have abundant cargoes [[red underline]] since war [[/red underline]] on account of lower insurance rates. Sept 1. (1914). Sea smooth as a mirror. We are waiting for high tide. Leave about 9.AM. instead of 10.P.M yesterday as announced. Am unpleasantly surprised at certain features of this [[red underline]] ship which is very inferior to the Tenyo- Maru [[/red underline]]. Instead of pleasant active japanese stewards and employees. now [[red underline]] slow clumsy [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] surly looking chinese [[/underline]]. Roller-towels in [[strikethrough]] toilet [[/strikethrough]] wash room! and [[red underline]] Daland [[/red underline]] just informs me that [[strikethrough]] th [[/strikethrough]] the german captain

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62 ^[[on board]] whose ship was captured by russians has trachoma! [[strikethrough]] Mas [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] I never saw a more varied lot of passengers. [[/red underline]] First class mostly americans then some germans and [[red underline]] austrian embassador [[/red underline]]. Very few english. Quite some japanese and chinese students. Many children. Some [[strikethrough]] young [[/strikethrough]] chinese babies traveling first class with their parents. [[strikethrough]] Mass [[/strikethrough]] Several americans so hopelessly stupid and common that I shall avoid them. This morning steerage deck presents interesting sight. [[red underline]] All nationalities [[/red underline]] are grouped. There sit about a dozen chinese women with black shiny shirt and ditto trousers. Next a row of japanese women in kimonos and [[end page]] [[start page]] 63 characteristic hairdress all squatting on [[strikethrough]] floor [[/strikethrough]] deck [[strikethrough]] r [[/strikethrough]] wooden clogs etc. Then a group of philipino women dark unpleasant malay face. smoking cigarettes and wide gauzy sleeves and ditto high colored skirts. Each group presents very much the characteristics of each nation. I note [[red underline]] many first class passengers prefer to sleep on deck [[/red underline]] and deck is strewn with [[red underline]] cots, mattresses. [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough] steamer [[/strikethrough]] etc. Sept 2. 1914. Up early. The steward has arranged us little table where [[red underline]] Daland, Walker [[/red underline]] and I are by ourselves. Feel glad to have escaped some of the passengers. for instance that [[red underline]] Judge. Bijur of New York [[/red underline]] - probably a Tammany judge. Sept 3. Started writing my belated

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64 notes in this diary. Weather much less sultry. no longer sticky although white duck suits are still very much in season. Got some [[red underline]] San Francisco papers [[/red underline]] dated [[strikethrough]] Se [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] Aug.7 [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] Aug .8 [[/red underline]]. This is as far as news goes. but there is no confirmation of that news of destruction of the four english dreadnoughts [[red underline]] It seems to me as if this is a war of europe against militarism represented by Germany. [[/red underline]] Sept 4. Again slept very well. Spent morning continuing these notes. Rather sticky weather. Spent day leisurely. [[red underline]] War news per marconi. [[/red underline]] Very scarce and very indefinite New man at our dining table name Geary. has been engaged [[end page]] [[start page]] 65 in mining in Korea. about 35 years old. lives in California is no regular mining engineer. Sept 5. Still rather warm. Day spent leasurely. Very little reading nor writing The [[red underline]] Austran Ambassador [[/red underline]] ^[[of Japan.]] [[strikethrough]] Count von Rex [[/strikethrough]] ^[[Baron von Muller.]] is aboard with his secretary. Small slim man with beard. rather good natured looking. Seems to have trouble with his back or his kidneys. since a couple of days. walks somewhat bent. One of the ladies who is in [[strikethrough]] hip [[/strikethrough]] his party whom I [[overwritten]] talk [[/overwritten]] took to be german or austrian tells me she is [[red underline]] hungarian [[/red underline]]. was also on trip around the world. They are now [[red underline]] going to live at embassy in Washington. [[/red underline]] [[black underline]] Sept 6. Sunday [[/black underline]] 1914 [[red underline]] Many war conversations [[/red underline]] and speculations as to outcome But none or meagre news. from Marconi operator. [[red underline]] Germans and Austrians keep pretty well by themselves altho' they [[/red underline]]

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66 [[red underline]] show no signs of hostility [[/red underline]] towards other passengers. on the contrary there seems to be a general tendency of good fellowship [[red underline]] even among some britishers or frenchmen. [[/red underline]] A [[red underline]] belgian priest [[/red underline]] aboard fat - ugly and [[strikethrough]] ex bu [[/strikethrough]] unshaven and excited talker. This June I have read very little and written no letters. scarcely putting my old notes in shape. Evening heard [[strikethrough]] noise [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] chinese music [[/red underline]] resembling [[red underline]] combination [[/red underline]] of [[red underline]] boiler-shop. [[/red underline]] cooperage cat yells and baby cries [[red underline]] all produced by two men [[/red underline]]; this noise seemed to be much enjoyed by ^[[chinese]] steerage. Sat telling stories on deck till late. [[red underline]] Dr. Doland [[/red underline]] giving his experience of travels in China and India. [[end page]] [[start page]] 67 Story of the "[[red underline]] sick white-elephant [[/underline]] who got exorcized by dancing, noise and weird music and prayers of priests. Story of Chinaman who was shot and buried alive because soldiers told it was their job to bury him and who revivied afterwards in hospital and left hospital as a freeman because he was supposed to be dead. 11P.M. Going to my room [[strikethrough]] the [[/strikethrough]] Moroni the catering inspector tells me wireless news just received tells [[red underline]] Brussels has been destroyed [[/red underline]] by germans, that [[red underline]] Portugal has declared war on Germany that [[red underline]] Russians [[/red underline]] are in control of [[red underline]] Austria [[/red underline]] and that [[red underline]] Germans [[/red underline]] are concentrating bulk of their army [[red underline]] towards Paris [[/red underline]]. If it is true that Germans have destroyed [[strikethrough]] Paris then [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] Brussels [[/red underline]] it will mean execration of

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68 the rest of the world for their barbarous warfare. [[red underline]] The day of reckoning will come.[[/red underline]] Sept 7. 1914 ^[[First]] [[black underline]] Monday. [[/black underline]] To day we shall cross meridian 180 and on this account there will be two mondays. Sept. 7. The weather has become less sultry. A dance to night interrupted by sudden storm which lasted only a short time. Sept. 7. 2d Monday. .Meridian W. 180. Cool and bright weather. Baseball and other games. [[red underline]] Capt. Erdmannsdörfer [[/red underline]] of Hamburg American freight steamer Spezia whose ship was taken away from him by the Russians at Vladivostock [[red underline]] tells me his officers were made prisoner of war but he was set free because he gave them the proofs that he was no longer in the reserve. and this without parole. [[/red underline]] Is now going to [[strikethrough]] their [[/strikethrough]] the New York Office of [[end page]] [[start page]] 69 Hamburg American Line to receive further orders. Rumors afloat of [[red underline]] Rheims [[/red underline]] taken by Germans and [[red underline]] Holland [[/red underline]] having opened her dykes to protect herself against invasion by Germany Wir^[[e]]less journal announces [[red underline]] Dendermonde [[/red underline]] is taken and that vanguard of [[red underline]] German Army [[/red underline]] is now within [[red underline]] 25 miles of Paris and Rheims is taken. [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] As eveuntuf [[/strikethrough]] On the other hand [[red underline]] invasion by Russians in Germany [[/red underline]] seems to continue and Austrians too are badly defeated. Sept 8. Cool and bright weather. Same routine in ship. [[red underline]] Different [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] groups [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] sympathizing groups discuss the war but abstain from touching the [[/red underline]] subject as soon as they come together. then talk sports or weather or kindred subjects. Latest news to night indicates further progress of Russians in Austria. Sept 9. Rumors of important defeat of

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70 Germans near Paris and that the [[red underline]] regiment of Kronprinz has been annihilated. [[/red underline]] Game-competitions for children Afternoon general games. potato race, obstacle race pillow fight, "are you there Bill" etc. At noon passed near Bird - Island a bare irregular rock which stands boldly out the surface of the ocean. Spent most of the day writing letters. Have almost finished reading "Anticipations" of H.G. Wells and reread "Madame Chrysanthème" of Loti. together with some more publications on Japan. To morrow we shall be in Honolulu and [[red underline]] everyone is eager to hear more definite news [[/red underline]] about the war. Wrote letters of thanks to the following [[end page]] [[start page]] 71 Ishikawa Senior " Junior [[Irray?]] Endo Tanaka Furuta Shiohara Capt. McDonald September 10 1914 (Thursday) Arrival at Honolulu. Everybody up early. Medical inspection all passengers lined up on deck [[strikethrough]] Honolulu [[/strikethrough]] Island in clear background. Two German liners [[strikethrough]] The [[/strikethrough]] the [[red underline]] "Pommern" [[/red underline]] and "Prinz [[red underline]] Wlademar" [[/red underline]] in port have reached there a few days ago escaping british and japanese cruisers by running without lights. Will now stay in port till war is over. Last night I had a thorough discussion with Casey who is one of those smug self complacent

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72 fellows who have nothing but ill will towards Japan and want to draw this country into war by repeating calumnies and half truths. I shut up all his arguments as soon as he repeated that [[red underline]] falsehood [[/red underline]] about [[red underline]] Japanese banks having their accountants and confidentential staff [[/red underline]] made up of chinese. I walked to [[red underline]] Young Hotel [[/red underline]] x and first sent cable to [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] as follows: Baekeland Yonkers ([[Adwarent?]]) Vessel to arrive on or about (Seegel) September 17 Frisco (Larriatern) Please address letters to Palace. [[strikethrough]] for [[/strikethrough]] I paid 45 cents a word. Spent morning reading back numbers of [[red underline]] newspapers [[/red underline]] in which I found confirmation [[note sideways in margin to correspond to "x" in text]] x There got first news of the Battle of the Marne which stopped the Germans [[/note]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 73 of most news we had received on steamer except destruction of Brussels. Latest news shows [[red underline]] Russians [[/red underline]] advancing further [[red underline]] into Austria [[/red underline]] and Austria in still weaker condition and germans retreated considerably before allies near Paris. After lunch went to [[red underline]] Waikiki [[/red underline]] Beach with electric tramcar. I all but [[fat?]] looking Kawaka women with waisteless [[srikethrough]] shirt [[/strikethrough]] long kind of cotton dress. x big broad brimmed straw hats and hat band of peacock feathers. Laughing and speaking loudly their speech being a very rapid succession of unconnected syllables. Pretty cottages and bungalows everywhere. Pleasant general aspect. The long beach very shallow and heavy surf. Admired the [[note sideways in margin to correspond to "x" in text]] Mother Hubbard dress [[/note]]

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74 expert ^[[native]] swimmers who ride the advancing waves in the surf standing erect on a wooden plank. Others using a small canoe provided with an outrigger hooked to the canoe and by the rapid and skillful handling of a [[strikethrough]] palm leaf shape [[/strikethrough]] broad shaped paddle [[image - a spoon shaped paddle coming to a blunt point]] riding on the ^[[foamy]] crest of the advancing waves. [[strikethrough]] which [[/strikethrough]]Took supper at the Moano hotel then to the Young Hotel Roof garden where I met [[red underline]] Murphy, Whitakers assistant [[/red underline]] who was in company of a group of australians ready to leave with australian steamer. Back on board [[end page]] [[start page]] 75 of steamer about 11 P.M. Sept 11. Steamer left at 9. A.M cool and breezy. Music band playing Aloha Hawai. Flower and garlands as usually. Pleasant temperature and strong wind. Several new passengers aboard and all staterooms filled to limit. I am glad to have secured stateroom for myself. Everybody reading set of late newspapers. Sept 12. Cool breezy weather. Very pleasant. Spent most of day reading bunches of late newspapers, which by and by give a better idea of all the important events of the last few weeks. To night there was a costume ball on deck.. But [[strikethrough]] except for about twenty [[/strikethrough]] there were only about twenty passengers who put on fancy costumes. [[end page]]

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[[start page]] 76 [[black underline]] Sept 13 [[/black underline]] (Sunday) Cool pleasant weather. I have put on for first time since my arrival in Japan, a somewhat heavier summer coat. [[strikethrough]] Ducks [[/strikethrough]] White cotton and [[insert]] light [[/insert]] pongee suits have until now be the most comfortable to wear. This morning, I saw that coarse faced, ill-shaven belgian priest sitting on his knees before a little table in the music room; saying his prayers in company of the three catholic nuns, another catholic priest (austrian?) and one passenger. On the table were placed some little candles of different sizes. some holy little cheap lithographs, representing saints and an oil-and vinegar outfit, borrowed from the dining room in [[end page]] [[start page]] 77 which was the wine with which he was officiating the mass. [[red underline]] Nothing very different from the Shinto rites and Buddhist ceremonies which looked so childish. - And this is what people call religion. [[/red underline]] This morning read some more Philadelphia papers almost a month old but which make very interesting reading because they have detailed correspondence about the facts connected with the war. Yesterday I finished reading [[red underline]] "Anticipations" [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] of [[/strikethrough]] by H.C. Wells specially interested [[strikethrough]] bel [[/strikethrough]] because some of [[red underline]] his predictions relate directly to the war now going [[/red underline]] on. [[black underline]] Sept. 14.. [[/black underline]] Cooler weather. Commenced packing. This evening a wireless message announcing that [[red underline]] Kronprinz of Germany, his brother [[/red underline]] [[note inserted below "Sept."]] 1914 [[/note]]

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[[start page]] 78 [[red exclamation point in left margin]] [[red underline]] and another prince have died from their wounds [[/red underline]] in a Brussels hospital. Sept 15. Further news of [[red underline]] german retreat. [[/red underline]] The french occupying again Rheims. Cooler and cloudy weather. I feel glad of soon being back home. Captain says we will arrive Thursday afternoon. Sept 16. Sunny pleasant weather. Drew up Contract. [[red underline]] Hooker-Kwanto. [[/red underline]] Weather getting cool to the point that warmer clothing is needed. First impression of the kind since I left San Francisco. Evening a lady physician Dr. Scudder gave a talk about medical missionaries in India and their work. Very interestingly told [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough]] She is a woman about 45-50 [[end page]] [[start page]] 79 of kind motherly appearance. Her father was a missionary physician in India and as a girl she determined to study medicine after she found that hindoos refused to let their wives and daughters be healed by anything but [[red underline]] female physicians. [[/red underline]] Says greatest drawback in her medical and hospital work is the [[strikethrough]] caste [[/strikethrough]] inexorable caste. laws [[/red underline]] and incredible [[red underline]] superstitions of their religion [[/red underline]] Sept 17. Cold night needed extra blankets. Morning is somewhat foggy. Siren blowing now and then. This ship cracks and noisy crying of the joints Sometimes vibrates so much that writing is very difficult. Finished packing my bundles. and [[strikethrough]] p [[/strikethrough]] valises. Arrived [[red underline]] San Francisco [[/red underline]] about

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80 2 P.M. but lost endless time in getting along pier then more time lost in examination before imigration commissioner, quarantine then finally custom examination. [[red underline]] Hand baggage was handled in the most savage way, [[/red underline]] piling it one upon another first on ship then on pier regular baggage smashing Got several letters from [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] on board giving me general news. [[red underline]] Hugo DuBois has died [[/red underline]] shortly after he wrote me his kind letter which reached me in Japan. Dear fine chap. - Another gone. Celine tells [[red underline]] Redman [[/red underline]] with his so called [[red underline]] Redmanol [[/red underline]] is trying to make inroads in bakelite. [[red underline]] Orders fair but not so big as last [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 81 month. Then news from Ghent and Belgium. [[red underline]] [[Frederic?]] Swarts [[/red underline]] her brother is [[red underline]] head of Red-Cross service in Ghent. My sister is Red Cross nurse [[/red underline]] and Celine's Sister is also in [[red underline]] Red Cross service Great misery [[/red underline]] and want of [[red underline]] money all over Belgium. [[/red underline]] American Express Check of $100 sent by Celine [[strikethrough]] could [[/strikethrough]] to Rachel could not be cashed except in Antwerp and then only with enormous loss. 360 francs instead of 510 frcs! Went to Palace Hotel sent telegram to [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]]. War news still very indecisive. Germans and Allies are facing each other and fighting each day without making much progress one way or another. The [[red underline]] Germans in America [[/red underline]] headed by [[red underline]] german ambassador [[/red underline]] and such men as [[red underline]] Herman Ridder [[/red underline]] of New York [[red underline]] Staats Zeitung, [[/red underline]] and Professor [[red underline]] Münsterberg [[/red underline]] are doing

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82 all what they can to start [[strikethrough]] popo [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] propaganda [[/red underline]] in favor of Germany and the Kaiser. and are distributing general white-washing literature but they seem not to succeed. Their publication [[red underline]] "Fatherland" [[/red underline]] is issued with this purpose. [[red underline]] Dr. Daland [[/red underline]] and Mr. Ward and myself went for supper at "Jules" restaurant then to a variety show then I went with them to Station about midnight. They leave for Canyon of the Colorado. Sept 19 [[overwritten]]18[[/overwritten]]. This nice cool temperature is a great delight. Slept well. Went to change some Express checks at Bank [[strikethrough]] then bought [[/strikethrough]] and left at 4 P.M. with "Overland Express" via Union Pacific. Mr. [[red underline]] Hopkins [[/red underline]] who comes from [[red underline]] Peking [[/red underline]] and who was on SS. Manchuria travels [[end page]] [[start page]] 83 in same car to Jersey. Irony of fate my [[red underline]] sleeping car's [[/red underline]] name is [[red underline]] "Damar." [[/red underline]] Generous california landscape. then later on [[strikethrough]] at night in Nevada. [[/strikethrough]] Lonely cabins no more populated districts as in Japan. Few men. One man after all counts here for much. [[red underline]] No wonder a man's own estimate of his individuality is higher than in a [[strikethrough]] city s [[/strikethrough]] crowded city where he is all the time surrounded by so many others. [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] Stopped [[/strikethrough]] After Salt lake and its desolate surroundings stopped at Ogden. Some Festival was going on. main street all draped with flags and banners. Then Morgan Utah. a few brick houses among some frame houses. The "Post-office is a kind of closed frame shed about 20x30 feet. Sept. 20 [[overwritten]]19[[/overwritten]]. [[strikethrough]] (Sunday) Still in [[/strikethrough]]

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84 Sept.19. Cold night in these altitudes. Refreshing sleep. [[red underline]] Sagebrush [[/red underline]] landscape [[strikethrough]] of Nevada [[/strikethrough]] and blue-sky overhead. Starlit brilliantly at night. [[red underline]] Now in Wyoming. [[/red underline]] During day time weather is hot but dry Sept20 (Sunday) Still in Wyoming. Stopped at [[red underline]] Cheyenne [[/red underline]] while I was shaving early in morning. Again endless [[red underline]]plains [[/red underline]] and lonely cattle- ranches [[strikethrough]] mind [[/strikethrough]] looking ram-shackle and primitive Then the cattle ranges of [[red underline]] Nebraska [[/red underline]] then the farms of Nebraska. [[note in left margin in red pencil next to following sentence]] !! [[/note in left margin]] In this farmer-state [[red underline]] sale of cigarettes is interdicted even in the Railroad trains, [[/red underline]] as well [[red underline]] as sale of Beer. wine etc. [[/red underline]] I am told it is even forbidden to have [[end page]] [[start page]] 85 [[red underline]] cigarettes in one's possession! [[/red underline]] The inhabitants probably take more kindly to chewing tobacco and to spitting which they understand better! [[strikethrough]] It is [[/strikethrough]] The [[strikethough]] getting [[/strikethrough]] heat is more uncomfortable since we left the altitudes. Trip becomes decidedly monotonous Sept 21. Arrived at [[red underline]] Chicago at [[/red underline]] 9:30 AM. hot and sultry. Crammed in one of Parmelees antiquated transfer omnibuses with many other passengers and slow trotting horses bring us to other station Here have to pay $11.00 supplement for [[strikethrough]] sleeper [[/strikethrough]] berth in sleeper and excess fare on Lake Shore Limited. Crowded hot train Monotonous [[strikethrough]] riding [[/strikethrough]] trip. Am hopelessly tired reading. Have read all the belated numbers of New York Herald since Aug 17. which Celine

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86 sent me in San Francisco. Cannot fall asleep. Sept22. Up early and altho' short sleep feel well refreshed. Cooler beautiful weather. Quiet serene landscape of peaceful Hudson. Feels like old acquaintance. Got off at [[red underline]] 125 street [[/red underline]] then took train to Yonkers. There [[red underline]] whole family was there with car. [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] It seems now as a dream [[/strikethrough]] My whole trip now seems as a dream. so far off. It feels as if I never had left and yet how many things have happened in those two months since I left. Hurried glance at accumulated mail. Then [[red underline]] laboratory [[/red underline]]. Am urging Reoni to hurry and repeat [[end page]] [[start page]] 87 tests for [[red underline]] assuring nine [[besol?]] [[/red underline]] [[red underline]] George [[/red underline]] has [[red underline]] barely passed his [[/red underline]] entrance exam for [[red underline]] Cornell [[/red underline]]. but will have to take 3 years German while he is there. This being the new rule just adopted for scientific course. In the evening the children went to a dance party and [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] and myself spent evening together like two good old friends. Could not fall asleep till about 3 A.M. The [[red underline]] Germans [[/red underline]] have destroyed [[red underline]] Rheims [[/red underline]] and its cathedral and all the world blames them more for it. The Allies are making some slow progress in repelling the Germans who defend their retreat with the utmost energy. Sept 23. Left early to be at office at 9.A.M. There May tells me situation with [[red underline]] Redman [[/red underline]]

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[[symbol in upper left corner of circle with + sign over it]] 88 and [[red underline]] Demuth [[/red underline]] At 11. AM. went to meeting of meeting of board of directors of [[red underline]] Royal Baking Powder [[/red underline]] by appointment. Yesterday at 4. P.M I had a conference with Dr. Peters and Paulus at my residence. who tell me the [[red underline]] war has made raw material for tartaric acid very scarce [[/red underline]]

[[note in left margin]] R B.P.Co 3hs + 3 hours = (6 hours) [[/note in left margin]]

and the directors want to know if they are in a position to start obtaining their supply with the new process. I explained the whole [[strikethrough]] st [[/strikethrough]] situation to them advising to proceed conservatively and recommending the most immediate steps for that purpose. I shall try to locate somebody who is versed in manufactures of oxalic acid, while we look out for piece of [[end page]] [[start page]] 89 [[strikethrough]] Reo [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] ground of 14 acres [[/red underline]] within [[strikethrough]] distance [[/strikethrough]] reasonable distance and where fuel for power is cheap. Then back to office arranged for urgent meeting [[red underline]] board of Directors of Bakelite [[/red underline]] Co. to morrow [[strikethrough]] at 11 then [[/strikethough]] Learned there of death of Dr. [[red underline]] Dudley, [[/red underline]] died of Bright's disease, another of my friends gone. Then to Chemists Club then 4:15 P.M train. Got my valises and baggage at Yonkers station. Spent evening opening and examining lacquered ware photos, etc. Again cannot fall asleep. and use this night to put these notes in shape. It has been quite warm to day. The [[red underline]] German submarines [[/red underline]] have sunk [[red underline]] three british cruisers [[/red underline]] Sept. 24. [[strikethrough]] Suddenly weather turns colder Busy all day wit [[/strikethrough]] Hot sultry weather [[strikethrough]] Drove to Wen [[/strikethrough]] To N.Y

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90 for [red underline]] extraordinary meeting [[/red underline]] of [[red underline]] board of Directors [[/red underline]] at 11:30AM [[red underline]] Mansoff [[/red underline]] Foersterling, Creevey Peters. Williams and myself present. Explained general situation of our business. Then Peters made suggestion to diminish our loan of $175000 to R. & H. by $100.000 [[strikethrough]] I kno [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] I had to use much caution not to offend the R&H. [[/red underline]] group but Mansolf stated he had no objection and we could have all of the $175000 if we so desired. [[red underline]] Creevey [[/red underline]] in his clumsy way tried to postpone action till next meeting [[red underline]] but Peters and Williams remarked [[/red underline]] that if any action had to be taken it should be done [[red underline]] now [[/red underline]] because we do not know what [[red underline]] the war will bring us [[/red underline]] before that time. Fortunately [[end page]] [[start page]] 91 there was not the slightest objection neither from the part of [[red underline]] Mansolf [[/red underline]] nor Foersterling [[red underline]] Foersterling [[/red underline]] in fact suggested that the $100.000 be deposited in three different parts. $20.000 in our bank. and $40.000 each in two different trust Companies one of them being the Union Trust Co ^[[of N.Y]] the other the Life Insurance Trust Co of N.Y. I felt glad when it was all over because I realized my responsability as a director for the fact that at these [[red underline]] uncertain war times [[/red underline]] we should have loaned ^[[R&H]] at 3%. such a large amount of money to one single business concern altho' it is true that after me they are the largest stock holders. The vote was unanimous. I went to Chemists Club where I met [[red underline]] Cohoe [[/red underline]] of Toronto and DePew of Montreal.

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92 To day is [[red underline]] Tag-Day [[/red underline]] in favor of Red- Cross. [[red underline]] Nina [[/red underline]] is one of the collectors. [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] is captain of this section. Took early train to Yonkers [[strikethrough]] During [[/strikethrough]] September 25. Busy all day here dictating, reviewing work in laboratory and telephoning [[red underline]] Gothelf [[/red underline]] has devised easy way for making [[red underline]] No. 20 from No. 11 [[/red underline]] and has been quite active altho' his program is far from finished. [[red underline]] Hamlin [[/red underline]] also has done quite some work and partly finished his long program. [[red underline]] Lawrence [[/red underline]] too, who has been busy almost exclusively with [[red underline]] wood lacquer [[/red underline]] has quite some progress to report. Red Cross Tag Day brought in [[red underline]] $3000. [[/red underline]] Sept 26. It has been raining all night and to day is decidedly cold. Spent almost all day with belated correspondence and with [[red underline]] Hooker - Kwanto [[/red underline]] matter. contracts. Yesterday got [[red underline]] [[strikethrough]] letter [[/strikethrough]] ^[[telegram]] of Count Lavalette [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 93 from Paris in addition to his former letter asking whether [[strikethrough]] he [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] we can deliver him bakelite in Paris since [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] we are [[/strikethrough]] he can no longer get it [[red underline]] from Germany [[/red underline]] I answered to day in the affirmative Sept 27 (Sunday) and decidedly cold. For first time [[strikethrough]] twook [[/strikethrough]] took walk around the garden. Grape vines are bearing abundantly this year. Very good grapes. Spent morning reading war news in Herald. [[red underline]] New [[strikethrough]] Afternoon pipe [[/strikethrough]] amber material of Traun submitted by DeMuth [[/red underline]] still shows discoloration. So does material called [[red underline]] Redmanol. [[/red underline]] Afternoon [[red underline]] Rossi [[/red underline]] came. talked over progress and problems of factory. [[red underline]] Thurlow [[/red underline]] has suceeded in finding manufacturer of our [[strikethrough of insert]] our [[/strikethrough]] methods of making molding mixture which gives puncture strength of [[red underline]] 1000 volts [[/red underline]] per mil and issues extraodinarily

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94 good integration of fibre Rossi brought sample made with it. a current- distributor for Ford-cars. Then conference of [[red underline]] Rossi, Hamlin & Gothelf [[/red underline]] in relation to making [[red underline]] terpin hydrate [[/red underline]] on commercial scale. Then all took supper here Mrs. [[red underline]] Hamlin [[/red underline]] present. Later on lantern exhibition of my japanese photos. I got very much disturbed by a [[red underline]] new case of impudence of Nina. [[/red underline]] I cannot imagine how she can be so different from her mother. [[overwritten]] She [[/overwritten]] who is so unselfish so considerate and so eager to be of service to others. Sept 28 The [[red underline]] allies are still holding out in their trenches facing the German army [[/red underline]] and are resisting bravely all attacks. Cool bright weather. Yesterday I dictated most letters in answer to my belated [[end page]] [[start page]] 95 mail so I begin to feel somewhat relieved [[strikethrough]] Sept 29 Even [[/strikethrough] Afternoon went to New York at Chemists Club then University Club met Mershon who tells me Lehigh Navigation Co at Easton Pa. is erecting power plants to use Culm Banks. Then went to [[red underline]] Chemists Club. [[/red underline]] War talk with [[red underline]] Duggan Hesse and other all antigerman. [[/red underline]] Sept 29. Arriving early for meeting with [[red underline]] Hooker [[/red underline]] & Bush [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough] Garvin Remington and Townsend there Made report of situation in Japan. [[strikethrough]] Agnin [[/strikethrough] [[red underline]] Hooker [[/red underline]] again showed tendency towards red tape and unnecessary committees. I recommended contract as proposed [[red underline]] Garvin [[/red underline]] cast suspicion on honesty of Japanese. but [[red underline]] Remington [[/red underline]] answered with totally different reports of pleasant relations of [[red underline]] General Electric Co. [[/red underline]] Took Hooker. Bush Townsend and

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96 Remington to Drug & Chemist Club. [[red underline]] War talk. all anti- german. [[/red underline]] Am told matters at [[red underline]] Niagara are getting along very satisfactorily. [[/red underline]] New plant nearly entirely completed and new spirit there. Went with Townsend first to [[red underline]] Chemists Club. Moore, Hendrick Duggan, [[Mastrich?]] Gilbert Rigg [[/red underline]] etc. then took him for supper to University Club. met [[red underline]] Pupin [[/red underline]], a certain [[strikethrough]] Mr. Mahon [[/strikethrough]] Fulton McMahon [[red underline]] Mali [[/red underline]] consul of Belgium and Mr. [[red underline]] Havenith [[/red underline]] minister of [[red underline]] Belgium. [[/red underline]] Home with 11:30 P. September 30. Somewhat warmer and windy. Busy dictating all morning. No orders. May away on his vacation. Gothelf busy with methods for [[strikethrough]] indu [[/strikethrough]] commercial production of No. 20 by No 11. In the [[end page]] [[start page]] [[symbol at top left corner of page]] # [[followed by symbol of cross atop a circle]] 97 afternoon drove to [[red underline]] Takamine's office [[/red underline]] Remained till 6:30 P.M. giving report and hearing his suggestions as to his commission for Hooker-Kwanto transaction. Charge Hooker 3 hours [[note in left margin]] 3 hours Hooker [[/note in left margin]] [[black underline]] Oct. 1. 1914. [[/black underline]] [[red underline]] Sutherland [[/red underline]] who is one of the chemists at Brooklyn laboratory of Royal Baking Powder came here to tell me that matters there are [[red underline]] not going satisfactorily [[/red underline]] and that [[red underline]] statements by Peters and Waldenberger as to conversion of glyoxylic into tartaric [[/red underline]] acid are not correct and are too optimistic [[red underline]] He [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] Paulus [[/red underline]] seem to have been getting dispondent. I interrogated him and found that his statements are somewhat [[symbol of cross atop a circle]][[red underline]] exaggerated. [[/red underline]] Arranged immediately for interview tonight between all of them and myself so as to sift the truth. I called up [[red underline]] Porter's [[/red underline]] office but he was away. Called up Hooker to tell him about [[strikethrough]] intervew [[/strikethrough]] ^[[interview]] with [[red underline]] Takamine [[/red underline]] towards supper time came here [[note in left margin]] 6 hours + 1 hour this morning [[/note in left margin]]

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98 [[red underline]] Dr. Peter, Waldenberger. Paulus and Sutherland. [[/red underline]] hurried supper then [[red underline]] further conference [[/red underline]] Went carefully in every detail of our [[strikethrough]] first [[/strikethrugh]] experiments. Asked them all to raise objections or content statements. [[black underline]] All [[/black underline]] agreed unanomously [[red underline]] that electrolyte [[/red underline]] cell and ammalgam outfit for making glyoxylic [[red underline]] work very [[/red underline]] satisfactorily and that [[red underline]] conversion of 90% and [[/red underline]] over into glyoxylic acid is an accomplished fact and that whole outfit as it is now, with minor changes could be adopted on an industrial commercial scale for regular manufacturing. I was very cautious to interrogate them and to make them repeat their experiments to that effect. [[red underline]] Sutherland [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] Paulus [[/red underline]] were the first to emphasize [[end page]] [[start page]] 99 their statements. Then I went over the results and conclusions of the [[red underline]] transformer cell. [[/red underline]] or last cell [[red underline]] where glyoxylic is transformed to racemic and [[/red underline]] tartaric acid. There [[red underline]] Sutherland contests [[/red underline]] the statement that [[red underline]] 50 to 55% [[/red underline]] yield can be obtained because he says [[red underline]] it is not true that equal amounts of racemic and mesotartaric are formed and that we now are in the habit of doubling the amount of racemic acid formed. I confronted him with the statement of Waldenberger and Peter that direct experiments [[strikethrough]] of [[/strikethrough]] undertaken to that effect. analytically acid in regular working conditions had confirmed the internal statement of [[red underline]] Vaygouny [[/red underline]] to that effect, in every instance; that in our late experiments where Peter had been directed to work up

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100 an aliquote part of the final liquors so as to determine correctly the yield but [[red underline]] actual amounts of racemic and mesotartaric [[/red underline]] acids extracted, the result has entirely corroborated that practically, [[red underline]] within [[/red underline]] small differences due probably to manipulating errors, the amount of racemic and mesotartaric was exactly the same, and furthermore corresponds very closely to the amount indicated by the usual analytical method adapted in our experiments. I further found, by comparing the so called "erratic" results of the third cell these results were [[red underline]] only "erratic" whenever [[/red underline]] a radical charge was made to the conditions of the cell, namely [[strikethrough]] charged [[/strikethrough]] ^[[different]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 101 diaphragm different cathodes etc. but the results were strikingly similar under [[strikethrough]] cert [[/strikethrough]] the same conditions. For instance in each set of repeated runs where the same cell conditions (same diaphragm same cathode, same anode) were obscured, then the yields [[red underline]] were in every instance almost identical [[/red underline]] or varied little [[red underline]] until some decided disturbance occurred [[/red underline]] as for instance tearing of a diaphragm. I [[strikethrough]] made them [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] My view was unanimously accepted. [[/red underline]] - I pointed out that the best results had been obtained with a [[red underline]] parchment diaphragm [[/red underline]] and the worst with a loosely porous diaphragm of asbestos or a diaphragm composed of perforated cement asbestos board enclosing a asbestos diaphragm. [[red underline]] Recommended [[/red underline]] returning to [[red underline]] parchment. [[/red underline]] Attention was called to

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102 [[red underline]] destructive action of caustic [[/red underline]] soda on glyoxylic acid. and this may explain why in all cases where NaOH accumulates either thru faulty construction of cell or insufficient stirring the yields are lower. I recommended to [[red underline]] try cell without diaphragm [[/red underline]] using an [[red underline]] anode of a platinum [[/red underline]] wire so as to restrict anode or oxidizing surface. Sutherland will try. After long discussions I finally [[luented?]] the [[red underline]] only difference of opinion on the subject of final treatment [[/red underline]] of glyoxylic liquor. Sutherland says that after neutralization and precipitation of liquor by means of CaCl[[subscript]]2[[/subscript]] a large amount (20% to 30%) of mesotartarate remains in solution and is lost in [[end page]] [[start page]] 103 the filter liquid. [[red underline]] Peters [[/red underline]] says there is [[red underline]] hardly 5%. [[/red underline]] lost this way. Sutherland says ammonia as an alkali ought to be added to last filtrate. Then was a discussion between them which had a tendency to become bitter. I told them scientific men should [[red underline]] not settle [[/red underline]] matters of this kind [[red underline]] by talk [[/red underline]] or arguments [[red underline]] but by direct experiments [[/red underline]] and that we would take up this matter again after these experiments had decided the matter. They all left seemingly in friendly spirit. I noticed that both Waldenberger and Sutherland had kept accurate notes of all their experiments and these notes were frequently used during the arguments. It was past midnight. [[strikethrough]] (Chage [[/strikethrough]] It seems to me that both [[red underline]] Paulus [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] Sutherland [[/red underline]] have

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104 [[symbol in top left corner of page showing a circle topped by a cross]] [[red underline]] been working up an attitude of dissatisfaction [[/red underline]] and protest. and I am convinced now that [[red underline]] Sutherlands [[/red underline]] reproaches of "lies" etc. are not only an exaggeration but an [[red underline]] unwarranted accusation. [[/red underline]] He seems not to be fully posted on all our previous work and that of Vaygouny. Oct 2. Called up [[red underline]] Porter [[/red underline]] told him would see him. Met him and [[red underline]] Geary [[/red underline]] at office of [[symbol of circle topped by cross in left margin with note]] 2 hours R.BP. Co. [[/symbol and note in left margin]]Royal [[red underline]] Baking Powder Co. [[/red underline]] and made to them a detailed report of yesterdays conference and posted them fully on the situation. Took lunch with them, then went to General Bakelite Co. office (Charge 2 hours to Royal). Then went to chemists club talked to [[red underline]] Leaman of Cutler Hammer Co., Zinsser [[/red underline]] came in with Carhardt. then went [[end page]] [[start page]] 105 to University Club. [[red underline]] War news mostly head lines, very little [[/red underline]] change in situation. All claim progress. Went to Century Opera co. to hear Traviata and have [[red underline]] some other thoughts than this [[/red underline]] horrible war. Left after third act [[red underline]] cannot feel interested in such silly subjects. [[/red underline]] Home about midnight. reading and rereading war news in the evening papers. Oct 3. Home all day. Nice mild weather Everything seems so peaceful but the newspapers remind us of that [[red underline]] fearful tragedy going on in militaristic Europe. [[/red underline]] Afternoon went to [[red underline]] DeMuth's [[/red underline]] house to talk about situation of transparent material Told him we [[red underline]] cannot change statu-quo [[/red underline]] when there are so many undecided new factors. Matter would be simple enough [[red underline]] if we were only [[/red underline]] treating with him. [[vertical note in left margin]] Demuth now wants monopoly which he declined formerly [[/vertical note in left margin]] But if he ceased to be responsible

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106 [[red underline]] business head [[/red underline]] of his firm we might have to deal with other class of men. Told him saw no objection in [[overwritten]] pr [[/overwritten]] his proposed policy to guarantee permanency but we would be compelled to charge him higher price because our cost of production is higher for [[red underline]] this new material. [[/red underline]] Remained till 6:30 P.M. left in exceedingly friendly condition and was back home in time for supper. My evenings and portion of mornings are now spent almost everyday in reading [[red underline]] war news [[/red underline]] in 3 or 4 papers. [[strikethrough]] One [[/strikethrough]] The germans deny almost regularly what french or english publish. To me there seems little progress except in the [[end page]] [[start page]] 107 number of killed on each side and the increasing devastation and [[red underline]] misery specially of the belgians. [[/red underline]] Oct 4 1914 (Sunday) A quiet mild peaceful day. Most of the day spent in reading [[red underline]] war news [[/red underline]] and articles referring to the war. Am much impressed with reading a [[red underline]] newspaper of Antwerp [[/red underline]] where after describing all the atrocities of war where thousands are being killed for no good reason whatever by people who personally have no grudge whatever against each other, [[red underline]] a whole column of printed matters is devoted to the [[/red underline]] story of murder and robbery of an old woman 80 years old, committed by a man who wanted to steal the earnings of that woman. [[vertical red line in left margin highlights remainder of this page]] He is called an [[red underline]] "assassin" [[/red underline]] although he at least had a good reason for murder, and only murdered one victim for a well established

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108 purpose.- but he was no "soldier." [[red underline]] Oh Logic! [[/red underline]] How consequent we are in our points of view! Oct 5. Here all day with Townsend going over all details of pending cases. Evening went to Nippon Club. to dinner of Dr. [[red underline]] Takamine. [[/red underline]] a professor of applied chemistry of Tokio ? and myself being guests. May, E H. Hooker, Bush, Townsend, Swan, May, Bogert, Whitaker Hendrick, Chandler, Walker (of Columbia), Usui, Kahneki, a jap. prof. of Chicago, the Counsul general of Japan and the [[strikethrough]] ja [[/strikethrough]] two sons of [[red underline]] Takamine [[/red underline]] there. I and Walker recited our experience in Japan and our favorable impressions. I stated how the [[red underline]] Germans [[/red underline]] in Japan are systematically trying to bring trouble between Japan and the United States so as to [[end page]] [[start page]] [[symbol of circle topped by a cross in top left margin]] 109 have a free hand in China. Oct 6. Bad news, later denied that 3 [[red underline]] Antwerp forts [[/red underline]] have fallen in hands of Germany. Dictated all morning. Afternoon [[red underline]] Paulus [[/red underline]] came and we discussed his drawings for tartaric acid plant of Royal Baking Powder Co. He has undoubtedly [[red underline]] done excellent work. [[/red underline]] I made some suggestions and corrections. [[strikethrough]] cha [[/strikethrough]] and remained till about 7 P.M. Charge 5 hours. [[symbol of circle topped by a cross in left margin with note]] 5 hours R.B.Co. [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Oct. 7 Early at Directors and Stockholders Meeting of [[red underline]] General Bakelite Co. Mr. Hasslacher present for first time. [[/red underline]] Right arm still partially paralyzed and ^[[very]] hesitating walk also hesitating speech otherwise his face looks well. All Directors present and Franz Roessler also Hammon. Pure formalities Took hurried lunch alone at Drug Club. Then went to Yonkers about 3 P.M. Spent afternoon

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110 dictating. [[red underline]] Rossi [[/red underline]] tells me [[red underline]] trouble with new pipestems C[[superscript]]20[[/superscript]], cracking after being turned on lathe seems again very serious. [[/red underline]] as much as 20% to 50% showing the defect and uncertainly of cause of it. This casts again gloom over situation and Demuth has asked to fill orders in the mean time with C.1 until trouble is definitely is located. [[red underline]] Mrs. Vander Velde wife of Belgian Minister of State [[/red underline]] arrived here this afternoon to be our gust for 3 days. Looks rather [[red underline]] overdressed and opulent [[/red underline]] for the wife of a socialistic minister [[strikethrough]] of [[/strikethrough]] on a lecturing tour for collecting funds to relieve misery of noncombatants in Belgium. She looks somewhat [[end page]] [[start page]] 111 as ^[[like]] an actress ^[[actress]]; is of english birth ^[[Speyer family]] and speaks english most fluently and with english accent. Went all together for supper at Mrs. [[red underline]] Henry Villard [[/red underline]] in Dobb's Ferry Beautiful house. [[red underline]] Oswald Villard [[/red underline]] Mr. & Mrs. Brown (the daughter of late Rob. Ingersoll) and a certain Mr. and Mrs. [[red underline]] Warner [[/red underline]] of Tarrytown there. I noticed that [[red underline]] Mrs. Vander Velde seemed more expressively and more loudly dressed than any of the other ladies [[/red underline]]. General talk about war and who caused it. [[red underline]] Oswald Villard [[red underline]] who is the owner of the Evening Post, and born of a german father and an american mother (Mrs. Villard is the daughter of William Lloyd Garrison) is outspokenly against [[red underline]] Germany [[/red underline]] altho he expresses himself with much fairness in the situation Tells me newspapers are all

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[[symbol in top left martin]] # 112 running heavily in debt because advertisements, specially financial ads have dropped considerably and [[strikethrough]] ent [[/strikethrough]] the [[red underline]] war has loaded them with heavy unusual expenses. [[/red underline]] Says several papers are in critical financial condition. Says the two [[red underline]] german [[/red underline]] papers of New York [[red underline]] on the contrary [[/red underline]] have suddenly seen their circulation [[red underline]] jump enormously. [[/red underline]] many germans who formerly never read german papers, now buy these papers which are partisan after their own liking We motored back home at about 11P.M. Oct 8 Dictated report [[red underline]] Japan [[/red underline]] visit for [[red underline]] Hooker Co. [[/red underline]] Charge three hours. Hooker. [[symbol and note in left margin]] # 3 hrs. [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Then came [[red underline]] William Hand [[/red underline]] coeditor of Everybody's [[end page]] [[start page]] 113 Magazine who [[red underline]] wants to write a story about my career. [[/red underline]] Implored him [[overwritten]] to [[/overwritten]] not to do it. and explained how such publicity hurts me among men of my own class who look unfavorably at any such publicity. Advised him to look into the interesting career of Dr. Weston then gave him my views on british and german methods in Science and Industry, and referred him to my Chandler Lecture on Some Aspects of Chemical Industry of which I gave him a copy. After lunch there was a discussion [[strikethrough]] on the Plazo [[/strikethrough]] between Celine, [[red underline]] Mrs. V.d. Velde, Hard [[/red underline]] and myself on social conditions here and in Europe. [[red underline]] She seems to be very superficially posted [[/red underline]]

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[[symbol in top left margin showing a circle topped by a cross]] 114 and her many sketchy superficial incorrect ideas [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] insinuated that so called democrats in Europe shock her everytime shes there by [[red underline]] their arrogance [[/red underline]] haughtiness towards people below them and treat and [[strikethrough]] servants [[/strikethrough]] address their servants in a haughty way which shock her. [[red underline]] This was directed towards Mrs. V d. Velde who had managed by her ways to offend several of our household. [[/red underline]] [[symbol of circle topped by a cross in left margin with a note]] 2 hrs. [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Then drove with Hard to New York in small car. Then conference with Dr. Peter for two hours about R.B.P.Co work. Then to Delmonico's Restaurant to preside meeting of the [[red underline]] Inventors Guild [[/red underline]] Robbin has carbuncle and is absent Carleton Ellis secretary pro- [[end page]] [[start page]] 115 tem. Professor Pierce of Harvard is present also Ward Leonard, Edward Weston, Charles S. Bradley Wood. Discussed pending bills and agreed to endorse [[red underline]] bill for increasing salaries and staff of corps of examiners. [[/red underline]] Much war talk [[red underline]] everybody antigerman. Weston [[/red underline]] uses argument that case of Servia is similar as if somebody or some conspirators in New York City had killed the President and as if the other states of the Union instead of arresting the murderers and judge then by process of law would suddenly declare war on New York State. Newspapers announce [[red underline]] perilous condition of Antwerp. [[/red underline]] some ports already taken by Germans. Returned home about midnight. October 9. [[overwritten]] 8 [[/overwritten]] Letters from [[red underline]] Frederic Swarts and my sister [[/red underline]] telling

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116 [[strikethrough]] Friday [[/strikethrough]] about [[red underline]] misery [[/red underline]] in Belgium and [[strikethrough]] excesses [[/strikethrough]] ^[[atrocities]] of german soldiers. Sent answer to both of them telling how difficult it is to transmit money but will try now thru correspondents of Banque de Flandre here. [[red underline]] Dr. Hamlin [[/red underline]] this morning in laboratory in a mild discussion we had about best method for chilling some transparent sticks of C20 suddenly developed the discussion in reproaches [[red underline]] that I was not treating him right and that I seemed repeatedly to infer as if he did not know his business [[/red underline]] All this was very unaware so much the more as I do not think he had the slightest reasons for taking this attitude. I answered him in such a way that I believe he will be convinced of the [[end page]] [[start page]] 117 unwarrantedness of his reproaches and that he must feel somewhat ashamed of his attitude. [[red underline]] I was greatly [[strikethrough]] hurt [[/strikethrough]] ^[[pained]] and discouraged [[/red underline]] by all this. In every instance I have gone much out of the way to take to heart his personal interests and to encourage him and to show him my appreciation. [[red underline]] I shall class him among the many people who periodically work themselves into a Kicking attitude. [[/red underline]] and think much less of him than I did heretofore. How [[red underline]] discouraging to see one's best motives and best tendencies misinterpreted. [[/red underline]] Afterwards he voluntarily [[red underline]] apologized [[/red underline]] to me and then to Celine. I feel as if I could not talk to him ^[[in the future]] without feeling selfconscious. May be it will be better if he leaves my service. I shall

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[[symbol in top left margin]] # 118 try to find him another position. I have told him already that altho' we intend to stand by our contract with him. I give him every liberty to cancel his contract if he finds a more congenial position. He seems to regret the injustice he has done me. I expect however some recurrence of the same trouble. He upset my whole day. [[red underline]] Mrs. Vander Velde [[/red underline]] left here this afternoon for her lecture tour Oct 10. Busy all morning dictating and correcting reports and letters and contracts relative [[red underline]] Japan-Hooker, [[/red underline]] Practically engaged all day at it. Charge 6 hours - [[symbol and note in left margin]] # [[black underline]] 6 hours. [[/black underline]] [[/symbol and note in left margin]] [[red underline]] Harold VonderLinde [[/red underline]] wrote long letter explaining candidly and clearly [[red underline]] Canadian [[end page]] [[start page]] 119 [[red underline]] Bakelite [[/red underline]] situation. Wants me to give them continuance of license without paying fixed royalty. This of course would put us in the absurd position of having fixed and serious obligations without practically no compensation. The latter point he failed to see in his letter.- Will arrange interview with him. [[red underline]] Wiechman [[/red underline]] wants to see Peters in regard of consolidation according to plan outlined some months ago by that [[red underline]] Mr. Arthur Williams [[/red underline]] of Edison Light Co. Peters refers him to me. but I do [[red underline]] not want to meet Wiechman [[/red underline]] on any business proposition he has proved too unreliable [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough]] in his statements as well as his actions. Referred the matter to May and advised him not to talk business to

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120 [[red underline]] Wiechmann [[/red underline]] in business matters except in presence of witnesses otherwise he [[red underline]] may find out that his statements are being perverted afterwards to suit Wiechman. [[/red underline]] Papers announce that [[red underline]] Antwerp [[/red underline]] has [[red underline]] fallen [[/red underline]] after 10 days siege and about 3 days bombardment. [[vertical red line in left margin highlights the remainder of this day's entry]] What a sad 25th anniversary of our marriage this would have been if we had remained to live in Belgium. George would probably be now a soldier. fighting for the benefit of his masters. [[/vertical red line in left margin]] Oct 11. 1914 (Sunday) Quiet mild weather Real Indian Summer. Everything so beautiful and restful and the [[red underline]] papers full of atrocious tales of this horrible war in Europe. [[/red underline]] Spent almost all day reading [[end page]] [[start page]] 121 war news in different papers. Oct 12. Columbus day. Beautiful indian summer weather. [[red underline]] Gothelf and Lorenz [[/red underline]] here. [[red underline]] Hamlin [[/red underline]] absent. More war news about fall of Antwerp Germans preparing now to use this as a center of attack for England. Probably [[red underline]] next Ostend, Bruges and Nieupoort will be taken [[/red underline]] - Horrible. Spent all day assiduously dictating on talking machine and got thru with mostly all my belated correspondence. Miss Evans here to [[strikethrough]] copy [[/strikethrough]] finish some urgent letters to Hooker Co. relative Japanese license. Oct 13. I went to [[overwritten]] New [[/overwritten]] Lazard frères to send a draft to [[red underline]] Frederic Swarts [[/red underline]] in Ghent but was told no money whatever could be transmitted [[red underline]] Ghent [[/red underline]] being [[red underline]] occupied by the German Army [[/red underline]] since yesterday. This leaves me in the impossibility of forwarding funds. German army is extending

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122 towards Bruges and Ostend and [[red underline]] Belgian [[/red underline]] Government [[red underline]] ministers are fleeing to Havre in France [[/red underline]] which is now the seat of Belgian Government to which extraterritorial rights have been extended. All this is discouraging news. In the afternoon went to Brooklyn Laboratory and remained till six. Yields of converter cell, using sodium salt, are confirmed to be [[red underline]] 53-54% [[/red underline]] as heretofore using parchment diaphragm. [[red underline]] This seems to be the highest yield obtainable using sodium salts. [[/red underline]] all [[strikethrough]] other hig [[/strikethrough]] higher yields were with potassium salt. It remains to be determined by direct experiment whether these differences are due to specific properties of potassium or sodium or simply to secondary conditions, as [[end page]] [[start page]] [[symbol of circle topped by a cross in top left margin]] 123 for instance too great a formation of NaOH. or too great excess of NaCl as compared to KCl. Sutherland will carry out experiments to that effect. Paulus evaporating device with sectional enameled coils seems to work very well. Went to Mouquin with Dr. Peter and took supper together talking about our problems, the war, Germany etc. [[symbol of circle topped by a cross in left margin with note]] 3 hours. [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Home with 12:35. [[strikethrough]] The morning [[/strikethrough]] ^[[Yesterday]] [[red underline]] George [[/red underline]] came back from [[red underline]] Adirondacks [[/red underline]] where he has been enjoying a 10 days vacation at his camp and in Free Jones Houseboat and this morning he [[red underline]] went to school again at Mr. Churchill's [[/red underline]] who will have a hard time of it, making a living [[red underline]] from his nine pupils. [[/red underline]] October 14. Spent most of morning dictating letters. [[red underline]] Gothelf [[/red underline]] at Perth Amboy to help solve the trouble of C20 material. [[red underline]] Hamlin [[/red underline]] away

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124 during afternoon. Nice Indian Summer weather. [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] here this afternoon held [[red underline]] sewing circle meeting of ladies of neighborhood, sewing [[/red underline]] for belgian relief. - Ghent occupied by Germans without fight. [[strikethrough]] Oct 15. Here all day. Gothelf still at Perth Amboy. [[/strikethrough]] Oct [[overwritten]] 16 [[/overwritten]] 15. Went to office afternoon to meet [[red underline]] Dr. Vaner Linde, [[/red underline]] he seems well disposed and seems to understand our point of view. See my report to office about this meeting. He will make another proposition after he has consulted with his directors in Toronto. [[strikethrough]] It [[/strikethrough]] It starts raining. Long drought of 47 days is finally broken. Traveled home with Celine on 5:30 P.M train. Oct [[overwritten]] 17 [[/overwritten]] 16. Much rain all night and day. [[red underline]] George [[/red underline]] and myself left for Delaware Lackawanna to visit Cornell University. Gordon reported here about bad results at [[red underline]] Pittsfield [[/red underline]] with new impregnating mixture. [[end page]] [[start page]] 125 Oct.17. Arrived [[red underline]] Ithaca [[/red underline]] about 7 A.M. Cloudy and threatening but rain has ceased. The New Ithaca hotel filled; no rooms, until later Took breakfast with George then walked up the hill to University grounds. Beautiful grounds and admirable view. [[strikethrough]] conv [[/strikethrough]] Met [[red underline]] ^[[Prof.]] Bancroft [[/red underline]] and Prof. Dennis, talked about [[red underline]] George's [[/red underline]] plans of entering in February. Discussed curriculum, then [[red underline]] Bancroft [[/red underline]] acted as our guide thru the grounds and different buildings. I was more and more impressed with the extension and development of this University. The dream of Ezra Cornell has been realized beyond his boldest hopes. Everything makes excellent impression. Students look earnest and intelligent. Surroundings are inspiring. There are over 5000 students registered! Went thru agricul-

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126 tural buildings for which State has been very liberal. Lunch at [[red underline]] Bancrofts. [[/red underline]] He lives in a very pretty house surrounded by trees and lawns on the University grounds All his children there He has five. Eldest daughter just entered art and science course. His house very tastefully arranged without effort to luxury beyond possession of objects of art. Healthy general tone. Discussed war and European situation is [[red underline]] anti-german [[/red underline]] or better [[red underline]] against german government. [[/red underline]] Tells me that Prof. Burgen former Roosevelt Exchange Professor at the University of Berlin stated to him that [[strikethrough]]European [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] the Kaiser had complained to [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 127 Burgen that although he tried to develop friendly relations with the English people he (the Kaiser) every time met with cold reception on their part. After lunch [[red underline]] George [[/red underline]] and I went to see college football game between Bucknell and Cornell. Beautiful autumn weather and fine landscape around football field. Two or three men carried off the field. Cornell won 43 to 0. Then [[strikethrough]] Geo [[/strikethrough]] we took supper together at Hotel then we went to see a comic Opera. "The Quaker Girl". I left before end to [[red underline]] take train [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] George stayed over Sunday [[/red underline]] to meet his friends at Cornell. I believe [[red underline]] George [[/red underline]] is very enthusiastic about his future University. [[overwritten]] He [[/overwritten]] I am exceedingly favorably impressed by this visit. I believe

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128 it is an ideal institution. I wish I were 20 years again to be able to start studying again at [[red underline]] Cornell. [[/red underline]] How incomparably superior are the [[strikethrough]] surroundings, [[/strikethrough]] invironment and ideals of students at Cornell than in Ghent or other european universities! I feel much satisfied about my visit. When we left the football field, just then the game finished and the thousands present sang that beautiful "On Cayuga's Lake". which was echoed by the wooded hills in the distance. [[black underline]] Oct 18. [[/black underline]] (Sunday) Arrived at Hoboken about 7.A.M. Beautiful calm indian Summer day, slightly hazy. Albert came to fetch me at Van Cortland. The [[end page]] [[start page]] 129 Hudson looks exceptionally beautiful today. Quiet day spent in reading [[red underline]] war news. [[/red underline]] Evening Toch and Mrs. Toch here for supper. Gave him a cigarette holder made of C.20 Bakelite so that he should keep it and be able to testify some time or another that his has kept its color. [[strikethrough]] an [[/strikethrough]] I have given [[red underline]] cigarette holder for the same [[/red underline]] purpose to [[red underline]] Baskerville and [[/red underline]] to Townsend. Oct. 19. [[red underline]] Orders keep up well. [[/red underline]] This is some comfort in all the bad news everywhere. However the [[red underline]] electrical companies are not doing well at all. Gordon tells me General Electric Co. is only working half time. [[/red underline]] Went to Perth Amboy after lunch. [[red underline]] Gothelf [[/red underline]] there with [[red underline]] Alvord [[/red underline]] trying to solve difficulties with new transparent C20. Thurlow

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130 absent. Explained new [[red underline]] suggested line of action [[/red underline]] making C20 by using [[red underline]] minimum of NH[[subscript]] 3 [[/subscript]] [[/red underline]] by starting first with as much CH[[subscript]]2[[/subscript]]O as can be combined with small amount of NH[[subscript]]3[[/subscript]] then acting with hexa or with more NH [[subscript]] 3 [[/subscript]]. Things look orderly in old building. In new building had to complain about tendency towards dirt and slovenliness [[red underline]] specially in laboratory of Jones altho' [[/red underline]] he has a helper. Returned with Gothelf who has been in Perth Amboy over a week but tomorrow he will work in Yonkers. I went alone to Mouquin for supper then walked towards Grand Central Station. Underway stopped at New York [[red underline]] Herald building [[/red underline]] Crowd [[red underline]] awaiting bulletins [[/red underline]] projected with lantern. [[end page]] [[start page]] 131 [[red underline]] Crowd mostly foreigners discussing the war in isolated [[/red underline]] groups. Arguments mostly far removed from object in question. Boohs when portrait of Kaiser William or his Generals are projected. Hurrahs for General Finch or King Albert or Poincarré or General Joffre. Good-natured crowd notwithstanding its differences of opinion. Home with 9:40. train. Oct 20. Quiet mild indian summer day. Dictated letters all morning. Gothelf here. carried out first experiments along lines explained yesterday. [[red underline]] Celine ill [[/red underline]] in bed with violent headache and serious dizziness. What does it mean? Oct 21. Celine still in bed. Dr. [[strikethrough]] Ghetty [[/strikethrough]] Getty says it is merely the result of a [[red underline]] disturbed liver. [[/red underline]]

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[[symbol in top left margin]] # [[symbol of circle topped by cross in top left margin]] 132 [[strikethrough]] Oct 22. Went [[/strikethrough]] ^[[Drove]] to [[strikethrough]] New York office [[/strikethrough]] University Club to get latest war news Took supper with Mershon and McMahon. [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] still in bed. Oct [[overwritten]] 23 [[/overwritten]] 22 Left here at about [[strikethrough]] eleven [[/strikethrough]] ^[[ten]] with car. [[strikethrough]] Took lunch at Lafayette then drove to Bro [[/strikethrough]] Went to Takamine to talk over the japanese contracts -- see correspondence on this subject. Then lunched at Lafayette Restaurant then to Brooklyn. [[red underline]] All cells going. [[red underline]] Peter shows me samples of leather [[strikethrough]] made [[/strikethrough]] ^[[tanned]] with [[red underline]] glyoxylic acid [[/red underline]] and others without. Glyoxylic shows decidedly better results. Charge 2 hours Hooker. " 2 hours Royal Baking Powder Co

[[symbol and note in left margin]] # 2 hours Hooker [[/symbol and note in left margin]] [[symbol of circle topped by cross in left margin with note]] 2 hours [[/symbol and note in left margin]]

Then drove to University club Mr. Montague the lawyer came to take supper with me. Talked war, inventors guild and patent legislation. [[end page]] [[start page]] 133 [[strikethrough]] Oct 24. [[/strikethrough]] till midnight. Oct 23. 1914 [[red underline]] Celine better [[/red underline]] but still in bed. Beautiful Indian Summer weather Oct 24. Quiet day. All this depressing news of the [[red underline]] savagery [[/red underline]] committed now in [[red underline]] Europe [[/red underline]] makes me more and more uninterested in my work. I cannot escape the discouraging influence of the thoughts which are the natural result of what I read. [[red underline]] President Wilson [[/red underline]] some time ago invited the nation to a day of national prayer. Did it occur to him and others who pray that in praying ^[[to]] their man-conceived God, they make their God fully responsible for what is happening. And what a monster would such a God be. The worst incarnation of the Devil could not conceive anything more fiendish than the destruction now going on in Europe, the starvation of innocent women and children!

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134 [[a vertical red line in left margin highlights entire page]] The worst criminal would not dare to assume responsibility for all what is happening. And yet we are praying "God" to stop it, as if he needed or own nagging our cajoling or flattering prayers! - What an irrationality! Everything here in our civilization seems irrational, inconsequent. Science [[strikethrough]] and knowledge. [[/strikethrough]] brings daily new knowledge which if turned to the purposes for which it is intended would make a paradise of this Earth and make the human race a race of angels. But right away militarism, despotism, private greed, ignorant money hoarders [[accaparate?]] for their own selfish barbarian purposes all the results of Science, [[end page]] [[start page]] 135 [[a vertical red line in left margin highlights the remainder of this day's entry]] education, intelligence. And what is worse the intelligent men stand this! In the meantime humanity is not benefitted by the most beautiful conquests of Science.-- Something is undeniably wrong.-- Too many "men of yesterday" who are ready to neutralize ^[[and deviate]] any beneficial effect the pioneers of civilization and Science may bring forth. Money power, greed, prejudice, selfishness always ready to enslave the children of Science and Progress! I have never felt as discouraged in my life! [[overwritten]] Went [[/overwritten]] Drove to University Club then went for supper at Mouquins and returned home about 10 PM. [[margin]] Oct 25. 1914 [[/margin]] (Sunday) Quiet Sunday. Gray and cold and dark Same depressing war news. Spent all day reading it. Sometimes I think it wrong

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136 [[vertical red line in left margin highlights remainder of this day's entry]] to read all this news. On the other hand no man worthy of the name can remain uninterested in all what is going on while this intense tragedy of the human race is taking it course. Where will it lead us? Where will it stop. Nobody can guess. I feel as if [[strikethrough]] civlizat [[/strikethrough]] the civilized world were a rudderless ship, drifting around on a sea strewn with hidden shoals. October 26. Gothelf still much at work with the problem of the cracking pipe-stems and thus far neither he nor Perth Amboy seem to have made any progress. [[red underline]] Lawrence [[/red underline]] at my suggestion added roisin to the last impregnating mixture and this gives a very promising [[end page]] [[start page]] 137 looking hard transparent mass. Afternoon went to see [[red underline]] Hasslacher. [[/red underline]] He was sitting on his little roof garden. He walks with extreme difficulty and is barely able to move his left hand. I told him without going into too many details about the [[red underline]] general situation of the Bakelite [[/red underline]] Co. Afterwards went to University Club, met [[red underline]] Pupin [[/red underline]] ^[[McMahon]] and Mershon then returned home about 10.P.M Allies and [[red underline]] Germans [[/red underline]] still face each other [[red underline]] along same [[/red underline]] long line and now and then murderous attacks and stubborn defence on both sides. without any apparent result. In the mean time more [[red underline]] belgian [[/red underline]] cities and [[red underline]] villages destroyed [[/red underline]] around [[red underline]] Nieupoort and Furnes [[/red underline]] more [[strikethrough]] people [[/strikethrough]] innocent women and children homeless

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[[symbol of circle topped by cross in top left margin]] [[symbol in top left margin]] # 138 and starving. How long! how long! This is a [[red underline]] war of extermination. [[/red underline]] and all these people call themselves [[red underline]] christians, [[/red underline]] and pray God when they fight! - [[red underline]] What an abberation [[/red underline]]--or what a [[red underline]] cruel Humbug! [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] I spent 3 hours I made [[/strikethrough]] I dictated short history of our work [[strikethrough]] for Royal [[/strikethrough]] on the Glyoxylic-tartaric process. and amended further the [[red underline]] Hooter-Kanto Contract [[/red underline]] Charge 3 hour R.B.P. Co. " [[ditto for: Charge]] 2 " [[ditto for: hour]] Hooker [[left margin: symbol of circle topped with cross]] 3 hours # 2 hours [[/left margin]] Weather rather chilly. [[margin, underlined]] Oct. 27. [[/margin, underline]] Home all day. Windy and cool but sunny day. [[margin]] Oct. 28. [[/margin]] Ditto. [[margin]] Oct 29. [[/margin]] Here all morning. Afternoon went out and took long walk in Riverside Park [[strikethrough]] then [[/strikethrough]] from 116th station to University [[end page]] [[start page]] 139 Club. Do not feel tired at all. At [[red underline]] University Club Mr. Bridges [[/red underline]] Editor of Scribner's Magazine expressed his praise about [[red underline]] my Chandler Lecture, [[/red underline]] more particularly about the part referring to fraction of atmospheric nitrogen. He [[red underline]] asks me to write for Scribner's [[/red underline]] Magazine an article on the same subject of about [[red underline]] 7000 words [[/red underline]] for which he is willing to pay. Afterwards took supper with Mr. Benedict, a mining engineer whom first I took for Mr. DeMorest and who invited a certain Mr. Lillie of Philadelphia, an expert in evaporation apparatus. They spoke about potash [[extraction]] in California from saline Lakes Afterwards met [[red underline]] Mali [[/red underline]] and talked with him till 11.P.M. [[strikethrough]] He st [[/strikethrough]] mainly about Belgian Relief work. Home [[with ?]] 11:40 P.M

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140 Oct. 30 Here all day. [[red underline]] Turkey [[/red underline]] is attacking [[red underline]] Odessa [[/red underline]] and other Russian territory.- More complications! What will happen next? Oct 31. [[red underline]] Rockefeller Foundation [[/red underline]] has decided to help [[red underline]] Belgian Relief [[/red underline]] and starts by sending a ship with $300,000 of foodstuffs to Belgium and intends to do more. Nov. 1 1914. [[black underline]] Sunday. [[/black underline]] Home all day reading newspapers and other war news. The [[red underline]] Middlebrook [[/red underline]] boys here also Malcolm Wait for lunch. Evening [[red underline]] George [[/red underline]] went with them for supper to house of some girls who had rented a cottage in Adirondacks. Nov 2. Dictated all morning. The [[red underline]] Turks [[/red underline]] threaten to invade [[red underline]] Egypt [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] destroy Suez [[/red underline]] Canal. Afternoon went to visit [[red underline]] Hasslacher. [[/red underline]] He seemed [[end page]] [[start page]] 141 very joyful and laughed heartily when telling his experiences in Mexico City. Then went to University Club then alone for supper to Mouquin then to see a play "Pygmalion" by G. Bernard Shaw. then home with 11:30 [[black underline]] Nov 3. [[/black underline]] (Election Day). Beautiful mild day. Walked to Fire-engine house where voting is done [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] and Mrs. Robinson and Mrs. Waite standing there near our automobile distributing [[red underline]] woman suffrage [[/red underline]] literature endorsing Dr. [[strikethrough]] Davis [[/strikethrough]] Katherine Davis. All very pleasant and cheerful. [[red underline]] Used voting machines for first time. [[/red underline]] Voted for Whitman (Governor) then straight Progressive ticket for others. [[strikethrough]] then [[/strikethrough]] and for straight progressive ticket for delegates for revision of

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142 State Constitution. Walked back and spent day at home reading. Quiet day. Evening Celine and I drove to Yonkers. Usual election throng, noisy and good natured. Democrats badly beaten. Whitman ^[[for Governor]] (Republican) 150000 majority in New York State against Glynn. the present Governor who according to general feeling is too friendly with Tammany. General [[strikethrough]] democratic [[/strikethrough]] ^[[Republican]] gain all over the country. Nov. 4. Early to New York for Directors meeting of General [[red underline]] Bakelite [[/red underline]] Co. Delivered orders last month were $30,900. Took lunch with Swan & Rossi and May. [[red underline]] Swan and May pessimistic particularly the latter. [[/red underline]] Says our lacquer trade is getting worse [[end page]] [[start page]] 143 and our lacquer made at [[red underline]] Perth Amboy is worse and worse. Swan fears for our [[/red underline]] molding trade if we do not get up a good plastic sheet. [[red underline]] Reports of imitation processes. Redman Formica etc. etc. May proposes scheme for spending $25000 publicity for transparent Bakelite in several periodicals. [[/red underline]] Told him this is not the time to spend so much money on introduction schemes. We must work hard [[red underline]] improve quality [[/red underline]] of our products. maintain or trade but [[strikethrough]] do [[/strikethrough]] enter into no such big expenses of problematic value specially [[strikethrough]] at [[/strikethrough]] during these war times when we do no know what will happen next. Afterwards went to office of [[red underline]] Royal Baking Powder Co. [[/red underline]] explained to Geary and Porter present situation and gave them explanations on my written report

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144 [[symbol of circle topped by cross in top left margin with note]] 2 hours R.BP. Co [[/symbol and note in top left margin]] They seemed both interested very much. Porter asked me why I had not sent in my bill for retainer. Told him would do so. Charge [[black underline]] 2 hours [[/black underline]] Then went to University Club Supper with Mershon and a certain M. Bowdoin a lawyer. All about the war and Belgium. Home with [[strikethrough]] 4 [[/strikethrough]] 10:45 P.M. The [[red underline]] woods in the Palisades [[/red underline]] across the river [[red underline]] were afire [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough]] in many places making a long line of big flames. [[black underline]] Nov. 5. [[/black underline]] Most of day dictating letters Evening met [[red underline]] Byron Goldsmith [[/red underline]] for dinner by appointment at Delmonico. I asked him whether [[red underline]] Wiechman [[/red underline]] told the truth when he claims that he went to see Goldsmith for arranging a combination of all patents. Goldsmith says yes [[strikethrough]] but [[/strikethrough]] and that he had answered [[red underline]] Wiechman [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 145 he would not oppose himself to such an arrangement provided it were acceptable. [[vertical note in left margin in red pencil]] Wiechman [[/vertical note]] [[red underline]] Does not think much of Wiechmann's [[/red underline]] abilities. Says [[red underline]] had him as a tutor [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] at [[/strikethrough]] Columbia and [[red underline]] all the students made fun of him and [[strikethrough]] po [[/strikethrough]] took special pleasure in trapping him with questions he could not answer and which displayed his ignorance. [[/red underline]] Goldsmith says also has been approached by [[red underline]] Redman [[/red underline]] Group but that those people have an amount of [[red underline]] exaggerated self importance which [[overwritten]] seems [[/overwritten]] looks extraordinary. [[/red underline]] I told him that if in the interference proceedings he comes up on top we shall be glad to make suitable arrangements with him. He says [[red underline]] Zinsser [[/red underline]] has offered him for $7500 the controlling interest in [[red underline]] Phenoform [[/red underline]] Corporation.

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146 Thinks [[red underline]] Zinsser [[/red underline]] an erratic man. Goldsmith says that for 3 years he (Goldsmith) has had nervous prostration. He is [[red underline]] outspokenly antigerman [[/red underline]] we talked about war etc. Went to University Club then home. Nov 6. Here all day. Evening went to University Club then to meeting of N.Y. Section of [[red underline]] Am. Chemical Society. Hesse [[/red underline]] presented report of the committee to inquire in new opportunities for chemical enterprises on account of the war. His report seems very much inspired by [[red underline]] the General Chemical Co. [[/red underline]] I participated in discussion exposing the absurdity of making synthetic phenol from benzol [[red underline]] when the latter was as scarce as phenol. [[/red underline]] Afterwards met Mr. Jayne [[end page]] [[start page]] [[symbol of a circle topped by a cross in top left margin]] 147 of [[red underline]] Barrett [[/red underline]] Mfg Co who told me [[red underline]] Edisons statement as to [[/red underline]] his daily production of [[red underline]] 700 lbs of phenol were untrue. [[/red underline]] That the most he ever made was [[red underline]] 70 lbs [[/red underline]] and then he stopped after he realized the hopelessness of the situation. Before the meeting I took dinner with Dr. [[red underline]] Edward Weston [[/red underline]] at the VanderBilt Hotel. Weston told me some of the [[red underline]] Edison [[/red underline]] tricks in his systematic pirating of others inventions. Nov 7. At home all day. Nov 8. Here all day. Afternoon Dr. Peter came to consult me about our work in [[red underline]] Brooklyn [[/red underline]] (Charge two hours to [[red underline]] R.B.P.Co. [[/red underline]] [[symbol of a circle topped by a cross in left margin with note]] [[black underline]] 2 hours [[/black underline]] [[/symbol and note in left margin]] He stayed for supper. I accompanied him to New York and I took train for Niagara. Nov 9. Met [[red underline]] Townsend [[/red underline]] at Plant Everything looks [[red underline]] first class. [[/red underline]]

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148 orderly and clean. All cells now are in perfect shape and everything makes an excellent inpression. [[vertical red line in left margin highlights following sentence]] What a change for the better since [[strikethrough]] there l [[/strikethrough]] my last visit. when the enterprise seemed to go to the dogs! [[/vertical red line in left margin]] The two new cell rooms turn out daily about 22-23 tons Caustic (60% Na[[subscript]] 2 [[/subscript]] O) The cost for contract of the buildings runs about [[red underline]] $200.000 [[/red underline]] and about [[red underline]] $100.000 more [[/red underline]] for equipment in all about [[red underline]] $350.000. [[/red underline]] Cells are seen at 4000 Amp. each Number of cells ? Three cells are cleaned each day. Cost of Chlorine is calculated to be about 3/4 c. according to statement of A.H. Hooker Spent all morning and afternoon and evening in conference with Townsend, Bush, A. H. [[end page]] [[start page]] [[symbol in top left margin]] # 149 Hooker in regard to possible byeproducts and other technical questions Evening had supper with [[red underline]] Captain Lucas and his son and whole crowd at Prospect House where I lodged over night. Nov 10. 1914 Other visitors arrived from Rochester and Boston and New York most of them being stockholders some being representatives of Warren Co paper mfrs at Cumberland Mills Maine who are discussing prospective partnership with us for erecting electrolytic plant for that part of New England [[symbol and note in left margin]] # 2 full days = $100.00 [[/symbol and note in left margin]] [[red underline]] Sage, Garvin, Manning who was with me in Mexico [[/red underline]] in Arthur [[red underline]] Stillwell's car. [[/red underline]] Lunch at factory then all in special trolley car trip around gorge then visit to Niagara Power House. Then supper at Prospect House. Then hurried to our private sleeping

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150 car for New York. Nov 11. Arrived N.Y. early. Sunny day. Townsend and [[red underline]] Lucas [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] teok [[/strikethrough]] took breakfast with me at Chemists Club. Then I went with Lucas to see [[red underline]] Professor Pupin [[/red underline]] at his laboratory. On the way met [[red underline]] Dr. Carl Frank of Siemens & Halske [[/red underline]] who had to see Pupin on business. Pupin got quite enthusiastic on talking about the war. and pointed out that Lucas, he, and myself, all 6 footers were pretty good representatives of "small nations". Lucas is a Dalmatian and hates the Austrians to the limit. Arranged with Pupin for a lecture on [[red underline]] "The Serbs and the War" [[/red underline]] at the Cosmos Club took lunch with Lucas at University Club drove him to Pa station for 3:30 P.M [[end page]] [[start page]] 151 train, then I took long omnibus ride along Riverside Drive finally [[strikethrough]] wens [[/strikethrough]] stopping at University Club. Met [[red underline]] Kerr, Sage's partner, [[/red underline]] who asked me to help them out. [[strikethrough]] for one of [[/strikethrough]] in a matter of an oil enterprise in which one of his clients is concerned This client seems to be ^[[Anthony]] [[red underline]] Brady [[/red underline]] the same man whom Wiechman and Benjamin are trying to drag into their [[strikethrough]] clut [[/strikethrough]] tricks. Went home with 8:45 P.M. Nov 12. [[red underline]] Orders [[/red underline]] thus far, this month are [[red underline]] alarmingly small. [[/red underline]] Received reports of infringements of [[red underline]] Redman [[/red underline]] group introducing pipe material and material for composite card-board. [[strikethrough]] Binney [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] Harold Binney [[/red underline]] called me at 'phone in regard to filing a new brief in behalf of [[red underline]] Fishel. [[/red underline]] I do not like this. Telephoned to Townsend in

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[[start page]] 152 Washington, then to McKnight (Neave is away) the latter went to see [[red underline]] Chatfield [[/red underline]] who tells him it is Binney who suggested that he write a new brief. Chatfield does not seem to be very enthusiastic about this. [[strikethrough]] beyond having st [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] Gothelf [[/red underline]] is in Perth Amboy busy at A for [[red underline]] Button material. [[/red underline]] Lawrence is busy with white A that will keep its color. Nov 13. Very beautiful sunny day We have had this fine weather almost continuously since Fall started. [[red underline]] Orders very meagre. [[/red underline]] Went to Chemists Club for lunch then afterwards met [[red underline]] Fishel [[/red underline]] at his office. Talked very frankly about [[red underline]] Binney [[/red underline]] situation. Fishel tells me he will do nothing without our consent and [[red underline]] Binney [[/red underline]] will write the [[end page]] [[start page]] 153 brief but same will not be filed if we desire to withhold it. Walked to University Club Went to theater to see "Daddy long legs" and home with 11:30 P.M Nov 14. 1914 Dictated letters all morning Got welcome telegram of Townsend announcing [[red underline]] excellent decision of Commissioner of patents in long delayed interference case of Redman-Goldsmith. Baekeland [[/red underline]] sustaining prior decisions but even curtailing the claims of Goldsmith and Redman beyond which they can do no harm to me. This braces me up somewhat on [[red underline]] my 51st anniversary. [[/red underline]] I have lost almost all interest in my work since this [[red underline]] horrible war [[/red underline]] started After lunch. I drove out with [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] thru Cortland Park then went past [[strikethrough]] Nep [[/strikethrough]] our [[end page]]

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[[start page]] 154 [[vertical note in left margin in red pencil]] Nepern Park [[/vertical note in left margin]] old [[red underline]] factory at Nepern Park. [[/red underline]] Everything looks sleepy old and delapidated there. I went alone inside the yards. Smokestack of boiler room fallen down. All buildings rickety some of them ready to drop down. [[strikethrough]] Old [[/strikethrough]] [[red underline]] My old laboratory building has been taken down. [[/red underline]] Not a plant nor a foundation left of it and grass and bush growing as it did when we bought the place. I understand how Rip Van Winckel must have felt when he revisited his village! We wound up our excursion by taking tea at Longue Vue. Beautiful landscape at sunset. Quiet, reposeful, indian summer weather with slight haze. All so quiet and peaceful [[end page]] [[start page]] 155 [[symbol in top left margin]] # [[red underline]] while millions are murdering each other in Flanders [[strikethrough]] ! [[/strikethrough]] in muddy trenches! [[/red underline]] November 15. (Sunday) Rain and storm all day Dark and gray. Spent all day reading war news. [[red underline]] George [[/red underline]] away at [[red underline]] Middlebrooks [[/red underline]] and [[strikethrough]] Geo [[/strikethrough]] Nina away for supper. November 16. Dictated letters most of morning. [[red underline]] Orders still disquietingly small. [[/red underline]] Gothelf in Perth Amboy busy with Button Material and with trouble of new transparent material. There seems no progress anywhere! Afternoon went to office. Told May about [[red underline]] Binney [[/red underline]] situation. Evening [[red underline]] Toch [[/red underline]] invited me for supper at Mouquin. He offered me a share in his [[red underline]] Baryumsalt enterprise. which [[/red underline]] I declined. Home with 11:30 P.M [[black underline]] November 17. [[/black underline]] Cold bright and windy no orders Spent evening at University Club with [[strikethrough]] Mr. [[/strikethrough]] ^[[Jason C.]] Moore, conference on Columbia River project. Charge 5 hours [[symbol and note in left margin]] # 5 hrs. [[/symbol and note in left margin]] [[end page]]

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[[start page]] 156 [[black underline]] Nov. 18 [[/black underline]] Cold. Left here about 11 P.M to fetch Professor [[red underline]] Pupin [[/red underline]] at Columbia University with my motor car. Found him waiting near entrance. Told me he had been testing motor-trucks since 7.A.M for the Servian Army and that these trucks must be shipped on next steamer. Went with him and [[red underline]] Arthur Bullard [[/red underline]] (war correspondent of the Outlook and [[red underline]] Dr. Hopkins [[/red underline]] of Washington to Washington. On train conversation was mainly on war topics on and on Servia. Pupin also told how Bell telephone company used to fight him and belittle him until they finally got cornered with his long distance telephone patent and how then they got scared and then did not let him alone until [[end page]] [[start page]] 157 he had signed an agreement with them and purchased his patent. Lecture at [[red underline]] Cosmos Club was great success. [[/red underline]] Pupin spoke well and to the point. Great enthusiasm Subject was: "Serbs in the present war." He gave the history of events [[strikethrough]] pre [[/strikethrough]] in Servia preceeding the war. Nov 19. Up early, brisk dry cold weather Went to Townsend office where I met a certain Mr. [[red underline]] McKay [[/red underline]] who came to talk about the controversy of [[red underline]] Stevenson Brothers of Pittsburgh [[/red underline]] Explained him situation. that we had only the most friendly feelings towards Stevenson but that we could not allow their request to make [[red underline]] composite cardboard [[/red underline]] without going back on our promises with [[red underline]] Westinghouse, [[/red underline]] He said that he believed the whole matter could be quietly settled if the [[red underline]] Stevenson brothers [[/red underline]] [[end page]]

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158 could meet me. Meeting arranged for to morrow Afterwards went to see Mr. McNair chief of Bureau of Disbursements and accounts of Dept. of Foreign affairs. to try to [[red underline]] send money to my sister in Ghent. [[/red underline]] Am told politely but firmly that sending funds to persons who are no citizens of United States has been [[red underline]] forbidden [[/red underline]] on account of former protests from belligerents to the Department. tried to get there thru Treasury department. But this too is impossible Mr. Patten and Buchenstein suggest both to try to reach my sister thru Baldwin who is now attaché to the American Embassy in London. Nov. 20. 1914 Spent morning with Townsend also afternoon talking over patent situation. But first [[end page]] [[start page]] 159 [[symbol and note in top margin]] # [[black underline]] 1 h. [[/black underline]] also conferred about Hooker Co. [[/symbol and note in top margin]] had interview with both the [[red underline]] Stevensons, [[/red underline]] McKay [[strikethrough]] and [[/strikethrough]], then lawyer Mitchell and Townsend Repeated to them our good will and how we could not afford to let them make [[red underline]] composite cardboard [[/red underline]] without going back on our word with [[red underline]] Westinghouse. [[/red underline]] Some discussion on wording of contract etc. Then Townsend took me aside and said that their own counsel, Mitchell, agreed that the contract meant only "molding mixtures and nothing else". We left in friendly feelings. Townsend spent several hours with me talking over pending patent situation. Evening I entertained [[red underline]] Stevenson [[/red underline]] brothers at [[red underline]] Cosmos Club. [[/red underline]] [[black underline]] Nov 21 [[/black underline]] Up early took long walk then at noon at lunch met Prof. [[red underline]] Schoenfeld [[/red underline]] and a certain [[red underline]] Dr. Schwartz, [[/red underline]] teacher of languages

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160 Discussed war with them Schoenfeld began first. everything however remained within friendly discussion then a certain Prof. Swisher or (^[[Sweetow]] Swiker?) who says he is an englishman and a presbyterian took the part of the jesuits and the Roman Catholic Church and seemed quite accentuated to the point of becoming excited. and was called back by [[red underline]] Admiral Baird [[/red underline]] who expressed himself curtly but in opposition. Evening went to see a play then to train 12:30 AM to New York. Nov. 22. (Sunday) Poor sleep - Arrived early. Albert at station with car. Feel very tired. Spent all day reading newspapers and other war news) Nov. 23. Sunny but cold weather [[end page]] [[start page]] 161 [[red underline]] No further progress in our difficulties [[/red underline]] Spent all morning dictating and in laboratory. [[vertical red line in left margin highlighting the central part of this page]] New chambermaid not having received instructions to leave my study room alone has locked lid of my rolltop desk with key inside. Impossible to open it. My whole study room is crowded with letter boxes Same disorder all over the house. Everything [[strikethrough]] seems [[/strikethrough]] appears irksome to me. What's the use of all these complications! A big expensive house organisation and no end of endless work. and for what purpose? How I wish for some restful corner. and simple surroundings. [[/vertical red line in left margin]] I am heartily tired of it all and feel much irritated and discouraged Expenses and expenses everywhere and for everything and one expense brings forth another while I could live just as comfortably at the rate of five Dollars a day and have a more restful life. Oh for some quiet corner in the world. where

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162 [[symbol of a circle topped by a cross in top left margin]] [[vertical red line in left margin highlights remainder of this day's entry]] nobody bothers me and gives me some rest! I have become very much disinterested in my work and would gladly stop my laboratory were it not out of consideration of the men now employed by me. Nov 24. I left here at about 10 AM went to see Mr. Geary, president of [[red underline]] Royal Baking Powder, [[/red underline]] Mr. Porter absent, to explain him some further details of situation in Brooklyn and to give [[first?]] explanation about my latest estimate as to cost. Charge one hour. [[symbol of circle topped by cross in left margin with note]] 1 hour [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Then went to Perth Amboy. Foersterling there. Talked over situation. No real progress in situation of new transparent C. [[red underline]] Wickes of Victor Phonograph Co. [[/red underline]] has been there and latest results were shown to him I notice number of barrels ready for shipment on Dec. 1 [[end page]] [[start page]] 163 ordered in advance. [[red underline]] Practically no activity in new building [[/red underline]] there being [[red underline]] no unfilled orders for transparent C [[/red underline]] All this is very discouraging. Nov 25. [[red underline]] Lawrence [[/red underline]] is still ill [[red underline]] in bed [[/red underline]] and his mother telephones he will not be able to return before next Monday This morning outlined to Gothelf and Hamlin my theory that our trouble in ^[[new]] transparent C is [[red underline]] either [[/red underline]] due to [[red underline]] gaseous [[/red underline]] NH[[subscript]] 3 [[/subscript]] imprisoned or to [[red underline]] solvent which is expelled from C. [[/red underline]] In view of fact that all solvents except phenol or cresol seem to be only retained in A or B but not when [[overwritten]] B [[/overwritten]] material is changed to C. Advised therefore to try making product like usually [[strikethrough]] but a [[/strikethrough]] for C.20 but instead of adding No. 20 or any of the other solvents. only add phenol or cresol in such a small quantity as [[strikethrough]] possible [[/strikethrough]] strictly necessary and this ought to give us a product that

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164 [[vertical red line in left margin highlights first section of page]] will not break. Suggested also to Gothelf to try dissolving [[strikethrough]] P.SS [[/strikethrough]] ^[[while]] Novolak in acetone, add small amount Hexa enough to eliminate free phenols, then evaporate in vacuo, then pour like usually. [[/vertical red line in left margin]] If necessary try to add heavily volatile solvent at same time [[for cast?]]. No. 75 or No. 20 so as to enable pouring. May be this would be a method to be utilized for our "plastic sheet", enabling to impregnate thoroughly at lowest temperature with a material which has not yet reacted. What I expect here is to make a mass that can be poured and yet will not set free too much NH[[subscript]] 3 [[/subscript]], which might cause all the disturbance Got letter from [[red underline]] Cyriel Buyne from The Hague describing the awful con- [[end page]] [[start page]] 165 ditions in Belgium. Also two more letters from my sister in Ghent which were forwarded thru american consul in Ghent via American Embassy in The Hague Am sending letter to American Embassy in the Hague asking to help me transmit money and to let me know by cable whether this is possible or not. Spent evening reading war news as ever indecisive and contradictory.-- When will it end? November 26 1914 (Thanksgiving day) In all day. Spent most of time reading Nov. 27. Morning spent dictating and in laboratory. Afternoon went to Hasslacher who was not in. Then supper at University Club with Neave Nov. 28. Beautiful day. Same indecisive [[red underline]] war news. Celine got [[overwritten]] two [[/overwritten]] one letter[[strikethrough]]s[[/strikethrough]] smuggled thru Holland from her sister Gabrielle [[/red underline]] describing conditions in Ghent and the flight of Anaïs

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166 vande Mergel from her house in Westende while it was being shot down; also letter [[red underline]] from her sister in law who has fled to the Hague and writes for money. [[/red underline]] Wired back that we have not yet found means to send money to Belgium but will send some to her. I wanted Thurlow today for signing an affidavit for a pending patent case which must be filed before Dec. 1. but he has not shown up at the factory and it is impossible to locate him. Nov. 29. 1914 (Sunday) Beautiful calm day. Stayed in all day reading and same sad thoughts. Nov. 30. Gray and cloudy weather. Dictated most of morning. Afternoon went to New York to University Club afterwards went to 39th street Theater where moving pictures of the War in Belgium were shown. The [[end page]] [[start page]] 167 [[vertical red line in left margin highlights remainder of this day's entry]] pictures were made by Weigle staff photographer of the "Chicago Tribune" by permission of Belgian Government with the stipulation that 50% of the proceeds should go to the Belgian Red Cross Fund. Prices were 25 cts. and 50 cents and all places were taken. An organ played subdued music. These photographs in their simple naturalness without any effort towards the usual tricks of moving picture exhibits were pathetic to the extreme, and made me extremely sad. Nobody said a word,- no applause- and everybody seemed under the spell of all the sadness and horror of what has happened in poor little Belgium. Dec 1. 1914 This morning at breakfast I told of last nights experience to Celine and tears rolled over her cheeks. Dec 2. Away early to Board of Directors

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168 [[red underline]] Hasslacher [[/red underline]] there but [[red underline]] Williams [[/red underline]] missing. Sales only [[red underline]] $23000 last [[/red underline]] month. [[red underline]] Peters [[/red underline]] said we ought to be congratulated to shore up as well [[red underline]] under these times [[overwritten]] when [[/overwritten]] of [[/red underline]] war and depression in electrical industries. But [[red underline]] Hasslacher [[/red underline]] protested that there was no cause of congratulation and that [[red underline]] bakelite has not sold as much and as easily as we expected. [[/red underline]] I took lunch at Ratskeller of Woolworth building then went to Perth Amboy. They were experimenting with plastic sheets improvements, and had made some phonograph plates with Thurlow's molding mixture. But what pleased me most was to hear that the trouble with [[red underline]] transparent material [[/red underline]] C No. 20 [[red underline]] seems to be located [[/red underline]] and that there was good hope of preventing it. This is [[end page]] [[start page]] 169 [[symbol of circle topped by cross in top left margin]] now just two months since alarm was sent out. [[strikethrough]] I [[/strikethrough]] I feel somewhat more hopeful. This is the [[red underline]] first good news we have had since quite some time. [[/red underline]] Very foggy weather. Ferry boats on river have much trouble in crossing Went to see a [[strikethrough]] comedy [[/strikethrough]] ^[[farce comedy]] "It pays to adventure".. Dec 3. Weather clears up. Afternoon took a long walk north. Dec 4. 1914 Walked from Yonkers to 59 st. Then went to Brooklyn Laboratory (Charge 2 hours). [[symbol of circle topped by cross in left margin with note]] 2 hs [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Peter not there. Paulus was drying his apparatus for formates. Took [[strikethrough]] lunch at [[/strikethrough]] supper at University Club. Home with 10:45. Livermore & Hiram Taylor in train Dec 5. 1914 Our advance orders this month amount already to about [[red underline]] $23000 [[/red underline]] of which the biggest part (125 barrels) is [[red underline]] for Westinghouse. [[/red underline]] I am somewhat uneasy of having our biggest part or orders by [[red underline]] one single [[/red underline]] customer.

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170 [[red underline]] I shall not feel entirely confident [[/red underline]] before orders are [[red underline]] better distributed. [[/red underline]] Afternoon went for a long walk of 2 1/2 to Van Cortlandt and back Dec 6. 1914 [[strikethrough]] First [[/strikethrough]] (Sunday) First snow of the season. Afternoon went to call on [[red underline]] Flowerdew Lowson [[/red underline]] of England who is at the Biltmore and spent evening with him at University Club. Rainy day Dec 7. Rain, snow and slush and wind. Townsend here all day going over pending cases. Took him to New York by train and brought [[red underline]] Lowson [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] home [[/strikethrough]] ^[[to Snug Rock]] for supper. Afterwards drove him back to his hotel. Dec. 8. Rain and slush Went with [[red underline]] Celine George and Nina to Belgian Benefit Performance [[/red underline]] at Strand Theater. All seats taken, fine [[strikethrough]] class [[/strikethrough]] serious looking class of people. Orchestra seats $10. others $5.00. Receipts $15000. All principal actors and actresses [[end page]] [[start page]] 171 appearing each saying a few lines in their favorite role. [[red underline]] Choate [[/red underline]] made short address. Very successfully managed by Mrs. Belmont. Afterwards went with Celine, George and Nina for tea at Biltmore Hotel where we met [[red underline]] Lowson. [[/red underline]] Then went to see all together a french play "The Hawk". then home. Dec.9. Afternoon met [[red underline]] Dr. V.d.Linde [[/red underline]] in regard to situation in Canada. Told him we wanted to do all we could to be agreeable to him but could not propose a onesided contract as he had submitted and which would load us with responsibilities without any compensation or guarantee whatsoever Whole conversation very friendly. Evening went to University Club for supper thence to Annual meeting of [[red underline]] Chemists Club. [[/red underline]] There is a deficit of [[red underline]] $13000 [[/red underline]] and it has been voted to increase the dues to [[red underline]] $40.00 [[/red underline]] Quite some discussion [[red underline]] Frank Low [[/red underline]]

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172 alone voting against amendment Prof. [[red underline]] Whitaker elected President. [[/red underline]] Dec 10. Am glad to hear confirmation from [[red underline]] De Muth [[/red underline]] that new pipe stems do not crack. Afternoon visited Hasslacher in his house. Then with Baskerville went to Century Club to meet [[red underline]] Dr. Henry Van Dyke, U.S. Minister to the Netherlands. [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] Told [[/strikethrough]] Very pleasant but short interview told him wanted to [[red underline]] send money to my sister [[/red underline]] thru american consul in Ghent if he allowed to do so. Was very friendly and told me that if I send draft to ^[[his]] legation [[strikethrough]] it will [[/strikethrough]] money and letter will be forwarded by private courier unless conditions changed to make this impossible. He [[strikethrough]] lea [[/strikethrough]] has been here for about two weeks to have his eyes treated and return by Saturday's steamer. I took supper at University Club. Home with 10:45 train [[end page]] [[start page]] 173 [[symbol of circle topped by cross in top left margin]] Dec 11. [[strikethrough]] Sent [[/strikethrough]] Got draft for [[red underline]] $1000 [[/red underline]] from bank [[strikethrough]] with [[/strikethrough]] which I sent to Dr. [[red underline]] Henry Van Dyke [[/red underline]] ^[[U.S. Minister at the Hague]] to transmit to my sister and wrote to her she should give 1500 frcs to Celine brother. Met Dr. Curtis at University Club also [[red underline]] Lowson. [[/red underline]] went with latter to dinner of Am. Chem. Society at Chemists Club. Symposium on Research made acquaintance of Dr. Bacon of Mellin Institute Pittsburgh. Home with last train. Dec 12. 1914 Gothelf at Perth Amboy with experiments on buttons. Afternoon went to University Club where I met [[red underline]] Lowson [[/red underline]] and Doremus and invited them to supper there. Dec 13 1914 (Sunday) Cloudy...Went to concert at University Club. ^[[Took supper with Prof. [[red underline]] Pupin. [[/red underline]] ]] [[strikethrough]] Heavy [[/strikethrough]] [[Icy?]] rain. when returning home Dec. 14. Home all day. Dec. 15 Ditto. Very cold. about zero temperature. ^[[Afternoon spent at Brooklyn laboratory]] [[symbol of circle topped by cross in left margin with note]] [[black underline]] 4 hr [[/black underline]] [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Dec. 16. Wrote to my [[red underline]] sister Rachel [[/red underline]] to

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174 tell her she [[red underline]] should wind up [[/red underline]] her housekeeping give away her furniture and rent an appartment in [[red underline]] Holland. [[/red underline]] Wrote also a letter to Prof. [[red underline]] Frederic [[/red underline]] Swarts [[strikethrough]] telling [[/strikethrough]] addressed c/o his wife at the Hague telling him I [[red underline]] have forwarded money to my sister for him. [[/red underline]] Evening drove to house of [[red underline]] Hooker [[/red underline]] a beautiful new house at [[red underline]] East 67 street. [[/red underline]] Long conversation about past and present and future of Hooker company. He insists I should reaccept retainer for 1915. I told him I would prefer not but he insisted in a most friendly way. Drove in little car. It is very cold December 17. Evening went to University Club. took supper with Doremus then met [[red underline]] Pupin [[/red underline]] who is so glad that the Serbs have retaken Belgrade [[/red underline]] and driven out [[end page]] [[start page]] 175 [[symbol of circle topped by cross at top left margin]] [[red underline]] the Austrians. [[/red underline]] Dec. 18. [[strikethrough]] Here all d [[/strikethrough]] Went to meet the [[red underline]] Stevenson [[/red underline]] brothers at office with May and Swan to straighten up further misunderstanding. Met Hasslacher there. Then had meeting with Porter and Geary at their office (Charge 2 hours to [[red underline]] Royal Baking Powder Co) [/[red underline]] [[symbol of circle topped by cross in left margin with note]] [[double black underline]] 2 hs [[/double black underline]] [[/symbol and note in left margin]] [[red underline]] Geary fears their supply of argols will run short. [[/red underline]] Discussed whether we could not send a man to Germany to engage an expert in manufacture of oxalates. Finally agreed that Voigt would write again to his cousin. At 5 P.M. dinner at VanderBilt Hotel with [[red underline]] Dr. Weston. [[/red underline]] Parker McIlhiney and Gust Thompson arranging for Perkin Medal Evening program. Dec 19. [[red underline]] Bad news again from De Muth. [[/red underline]] During these late days the samples on which we band all our hopes

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[start page]] [[symbol in top left margin]] # 176 have cracked also. Suggested to Hamlin further work on this line more particularly to make first Novolak with hexa. Then add more hexa or hexatriphenol or A resulting from latter so as to minimize the amount of NH[[subscript]] 3 [[/subscript]] Suggested same to Rossi over phone. Evening went to University Club for supper. Dec. 20. 1914 (Sunday). Bright clear day. Spent day reading. Dec 21. Went early to office of [[red underline]] Hooker Co. [[/red underline]] remained in conference all day on subject of organizing [[red underline]] research [[/red underline]] and improvements of operating methods. E.H, A.H and HW. Hooker there with Bush and Townsend. Lunch at City club where Mr. Larkin of Buffalo joined us for a short time. Finished about 5 P.M (charge 6 hours) [[symbol and note in left margin]] # H.E.Co 6 hours [[/symbol and note in left margin]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 177 [[symbol in top left margin]] # then went with Townsend to Mouquin's for supper. Took train 9:51 P.M. A letter arrived from my sister telling that inhabitants of Ghent are [[red underline]] reduced [[/red underline]] to 1/4 loaf of [[red underline]] bread daily. [[/red underline]] Dec. 22. Another day's session at Hooker office. Charge 6 hours. [[symbol and note in left margin]] # 6 hours [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Evening went for supper with Townsend to Mouquin. Dec. 23. Home all day. [[red underline]] Gray dull weather and ditto attitude of mind. George [[/red underline]] left here this morning with his [[red underline]] snowshoes [[/red underline]] and winter outfit for spending his vacation [[red underline]] trapping [[/red underline]] in the [[red underline]] Adirondacks. [[/red underline]] Cold dry weather Dec. 24. Cold and snowy day. Drove to Hasslachers house during afternoon but came back about 5 P.M. - Letter from my sister undated (mailed thru Holland) says she went for supper with Mr. [[red underline]] C. De Bruyne [[/red underline]] and a certain professor [[red underline]] Pelseniu. [[/red underline]] and [[red underline]] Frederic. [[/red underline]] Says orders now in Ghent only allow 250 grams bread per day for her and her servant. Seems relatively courageous [[end page]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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178 but keeps on complaining that no letters nor money have reached her. [[vertical red line in left margin highlights remainder of this day's entry]] I feel tired, uninterested in my work and sad and irritable. I wish I were far away to hide my gloom. I feel profoundly discouraged and fear my own state of mind. This is a sad way of approaching the Christmas season. but I cannot help it Dec. 25. 1914. Swan reports [[red underline]] Redman [[/red underline]] group is distributing [[strikethrough]] ly [[/strikethrough]] lies about our patent situation and is doing everything to persuade Westinghouse company to substitute their material for us.- All [[red underline]] this brings more patent litigation in prospect and possibility [[/red underline]] of losing each month $15000 of sales.- Stayed home till evening. This is [[red underline]] the gloomiest saddest Christmas I ever had and I suppose millions of people all over the world feel the [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 179 same way. I went to New York towards evening. Took long walk to University Club and came back with 9:50 P.M train It is very cold. [[black underline]] Dec. 26. [[/black underline]] In all day. Towards evening went to 59 st and walked to University Club then [[red underline]] Public Library. [[/red underline]] Was astounded to find so many visitors there at about 10 P.M. Magnificent educational effort. Bitterly cold. Dec 27 1914. (Sunday) Home all day. Read the newspapers and magazines all morning then dictated all afternoon from by belated letters. Dec.28. Dictated all morning. Afternoon wrote a letter to Professor [[red underline]] Joji Sakurai [[/red underline]] of the University of Tokio to thank him for his kindnesses during my visit to Japan. Dec 29. Thick fog. and frozen slippery roads. Afternoon went to Brooklyn

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[start page]] 180 [[symbol of circle topped by cross in top left margin]] laboratory of [[red underline]] Royal Baking Powder [[/red underline]] Co. Paulus is modifying his formate apparatus to provide it with air jacket. His yields of formate are very low altho' gas absorption is good. But most formate seems to decompose to carbonate. [[red underline]] Sutherland [[/red underline]] is still busy determining real amount of tartaric acids in his solutions obtained from electrolysis of pure glyoxylate. Ordered Waldenberger to crystallize and evaporate all his mesotartaric solutions. Charge 3 hours. [[symbol of circle topped by a cross in left margin with note]] 3 hours RR.P.Co. [[/symbol and note in left margin]] Went for supper to University Club. Home with 8:45 P.M Dec 30. Bright sunny weather. [[red underline]] Celine [[/red underline]] got letter from her sister in law saying connections between Holland and Belgium have become so strict that it is [[red underline]] no longer possible to send letters. [[/red underline]] Sunny bright weather rather mild. Went to Perth Amboy. Rossi tells [[end page]] [[start page]] 181 me [[red underline]] this month will be record month [[/red underline]] for weight of shipments over [[red underline]] 115000 lbs. [[/red underline]] and one of the largest if not the largest in value. This is [[red underline]] a good closing of this horrible year. [[/red underline]] Our sales will be slightly higher than last year but no decided advance as was the case last year. [[red underline]] Thurlow [[/red underline]] showed me some dark red and some black molding made with his new way of mixing and which all electrize on friction and have a very high dielectric coefficient. This is so much more important because [[red underline]] these mixtures are made according to my first patents [[/red underline]] using [[red underline]] aqueous solutions [[/red underline]] and the very fact that the very highest dielectric properties have been [[strikethrough]] made [[/strikethrough]] obtained this far by a wet process shuts out any argument in favor of the so called dry processing. We are only waiting now for [[end page]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[start page]] 182 suitable machinery before standardizing this method. Machinery delayed on account of the war. - Another very encouraging result is the new plastic sheet developed of late and which is now under time observation so as to determine whether age diminishes its good properties. [[red underline]] Alvord [[/red underline]] showed me some more samples of [[red underline]] colorless [[/red underline]] (not yellow) light proof material, also some nice looking samples of white ivory like material which does not [[red underline]] change at all if exposed to light. [[/red underline]] Then Jones gave Rossi and myself a great suprise. After showing some excellent samples of [[red underline]] black matt lacquer covered [[/red underline]] objects. He showed us a new product on which he had stumbled by sheer accident. He had [[red underline]] tried to use carbamide [[/red underline]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 183 [[vertical red line in left margin and annotated CO(NH2)2 highlights entire page]][[red underline]] as a condensing agent [[strikethrough]] for [[/strikethrough]] instead [[/red underline]] of ammonia for obtaining a colorless varnish that would not be yellow and had proceeded to mix it in the usual way with phenol and formaldehyde. Then he had mixed it first with formaldehyde too so as to [[overwritten]] decide [[/overwritten]]notice whether it would act differently. In doing so he had a violent explosive reaction after heating the solution and a white inert powder was the result. which seems insoluble. Then by trying the same reaction with less carbamide he succeeded in avoiding the stormy reaction and got a watery solution which on further evaporation in a dish became syrupy, and which on being spread on a glass plate and heated at 70-80° C gave an absolutely colorless transparent film insoluble in acetone [[end page]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[new page]] 184 [[vertical red line in left margin highlights entire page]] and ordinary solvents and which seems very hard and resistant. If the liquid is evaporated too far a gummy material is the result which then is no longer soluble in water [[red underline]] but dissolves after addition of alcohol. [[/red underline]] [[strikethrough]] an [[/strikethrough]] He performed the reactions before us. It was noticed that on first heating there is first formed a cristalline cloud of an unknown substance and that on further heating this cloud disappears and the watery solution becomes entirely clear. I foresee quite some important possibilities perhaps the material will harden at ordinary temperature when spread out in film form . Perhaps we shall be able to make a white water resisting enamel. [[end page]] [[start page]] 185 [[vertical red line in left margin highlights the remainder of this day's entry]] I urged him to work ahead on this subject in relation to this and other problems which might suggest themselves and that I independently would study the reaction in Yonkers so as to see in how far it could be utilized for practical purposes. Remained there till after two trains were missed. This offers [[red underline]] an entirely new program for our research work. [[/red underline]] I feel very much interested in this new subject and my mind is filled with it. Went for supper to Mouquin's Restaurant rather late then took train to Yonkers. [[black underline]] Dec 31. [[/black underline]] Spent morning devising program for future research work and dictating letters Towards evening went to New York to join Celine [[end page]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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186 We went together for supper at the Manhattan Hotel, Celine like usually, [[red underline]] since she became a vegetarian [[/red underline]] eating only food free from animal products. Then we went to see a play "The silent Voice" which [[strikethrough]] might [[/strikethrough]] had a subject worthy of a better treatment and better acting. Theatre filled completely Home with the 11:45 train. [[red underline] Nina [[/red underline]] is at Brownell's overnight. [[red underline]] George [[/red underline]] is still in the Adirondacks. This closes a very eventful and sad year! [[line drawn to far right of page.]] Remainder of page filled with a giant "X"]] [[end page]] [[start page]] [[blank]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[stamped]] 1360 [[/stamped]] [[end page]] [[start page]] 125.00

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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[[Back cover - blank]]

Leo Baekeland Diary Volume 16, 1914 Transcribed and Reviewed by Digital Volunteers Extracted May-14-2015 04:06:17

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