HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:40 Sivu 1

Annual Report of the City of 2000 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:40 Sivu 2

Helsinki

elsinki is the capital of Helsinki is in the heart of a growing Helsinki offers: Helsinki has been a member of and the centre of the country’s new market – which we call the New • good availability of efficient business Eurocities since 1993 and has been H administrative, economic and Northern Europe – comprising north- services voted to hold the presidency of the cultural life. About 1.2 million people, a western Russia, the Baltic States and • high-quality infrastructure organization in 2001. fifth of the national population, live in the Nordic countries and with a total of • good logistics Finland joined the European Union the metropolitan area. 75 million people. The city is fast • a competitive costs structure in 1995 and adopted for the Euro at the becoming an operational base for inter- • a well-educated workforce beginning of 1999. national companies in this region. • exceptional high-tech resources and capabilities • a green and safe living environment and high quality services EU member states of the euro area • a high standard of living Other EU member states

Reykjavik

FINLAND

Helsinki

Stockholm Oslo Moscow Riga

Copenhagen Vilnius

Minsk Dublin Contents Amsterdam Berliini Warsaw London Kiev Brussels Helsinki 2 Prague Luxembourg Chisinau A Message from the Lord 5 Paris Bratislava Vienna Development in the hands of the City Council 6 Bern Ljubljana The Lord Mayor’s Sector 8 Belgrade Zagreb Education and Culture 10

Sarajevo Sofia Social Affairs and Public Health 12 Rome Madrid Skopje City Planning and Infrastructure 14 Lisbon Tiranë City-owned Public Corporation and Technical Services 16 Finances 18 Athens Brief facts about Helsinki 23 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 3

Annual Report of the City of Helsinki 2000 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 4

General Information: Helsinki City Information Office Aleksanterinkatu 20 FIN-00170 Helsinki, Finland P.O.Box 1, 00099 City of Helsinki Telephone +358-9-169 3713 Fax +358-9-655 354

Financial Information: City of Helsinki, Treasury Pohjoisesplanadi 15–17 FIN-00170 Helsinki, Finland Telephone +358-9-169 2525 Telefax +358-9-634 360

Layout planinng and map design by Pentti Nuortimo/Green Beast Ltd Photos by Pertti Nisonen; pages 6–7, 10, 14, 16, 24, Seyyar Nasretdin/Studio 13; pages 10, 12, Matti Tirri; page 24, Atelier Nyblin; pages 5, 8. All the photographs on pages 9–17 (by Tero Vesterinen) are connected with Helsinki’s 450th anniversary celebrations on June 12, 2000. Cover: Oskar Kleineh (1846–1919) Helsinki 1877, photo by Pertti Nisonen.

Printed by Art-Print Oy 2001 ISSN: 1237-5063 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 5

A Message from the Lord Mayor

n Helsinki, the turn of the millennium set aside the lion’s share of its EUR 388 in people’s work and in their everyday came to a climax in a favourable million surplus for use in the years to lives. We face internationality as a more Iatmosphere. The City was able to cel- come. all-embracing idea and a more natural ebrate its 450th anniversary in condi- The vigorous economic growth in issue than before. This is the right direc- tions of steady economic progress and the Helsinki region is largely based on tion for Helsinki. its status as a European City of Culture the development of information busi- Helsinki has participated in net- brought Helsinki into the limelight on the nesses during the 1990s. Behind it there works of European cities in a way that international stage. The foundation is long-term work by various interests in has rapidly opened up opportunities for charged with making City of Culture year converting the knowledge capital of the fruitful cooperation. The importance of a reality constructed a common frame- universities into business activity. The metropolitan areas in EU politics has work for all those taking part to create City has intensified its cooperation with increased more and more over the last culture and to consume it. The rich and the University of Helsinki and other uni- few years. In 2000 Helsinki was chosen variegated year has left many viable Helsinki’s key operating principles over versities, and a new cooperation agree- unanimously to chair the Eurocities orga- seeds to germinate. the next few years. ment was signed in autumn 2000 with nization in the coming year and the Many City departments took advan- In the local elections held in Helsinki University of Technology. The UCUE (Union des Capitales de l’Union tage of the celebration year to make October 2000, the City Council was concentration of biotechnology – the Européenne), the grouping of capital their activities known to city-dwellers in elected for Helsinki for the years development sector of the future – in cities in the European Union. Helsinki a new way. Good City services play a 2001–2004. Of the 85-strong Council, 30 Finland and especially Helsinki, is also a also maintains international relations key role in improving the quality of life were new members. Turnout in Helsinki signal of the comprehensive pulling with important cities outside the EU. and Helsinki wants to offer its residents was below 51%; this is regrettable, as power of our city. We believe that invest- As a dynamic, modern city, Helsinki services of sustainable quality. Here in we know how the varied basic services ment in expertise will bring the people of is a kind of model European city for the Helsinki urban culture is held in high needed by citizens are produced and Helsinki the best possible conditions for start of the twenty-first century. Success esteem at all times, not just during major that the decisions about them are made an economically secure life now and in in maintaining economic competitive- celebrations. in the sphere of autonomous local gov- the future. ness and success in developing a The City’s population growth ernment. The City’s wide responsibility Networking at the regional level has balance in living conditions for its resi- slowed slightly to about 4,500. Despite for its citizens is also reflected in the proved to be a strong point in economic dents at the same time, are crucial the efforts of various interests, the number of its employees who totalled and industrial policy marketing, and factors, and the long-term work done to housing production required by the 38,700 at the end of the year. cooperation to improve competitiveness secure them is the key to becoming growth in population in the Helsinki Apart from slowly shrinking unem- at the international level is continuing aware of Helsinki’s present situation. region did not get under way. At the end ployment figures, the year 2000 was an between the local authorities in the This gives us a good start. of 2000 there were 555,500 people extremely positive one for the Finnish Helsinki Metropolitan Area and the living in Helsinki. Gearing up to the economy. The City’s economic situation Regional Council of Uusimaa. effects of continuous population growth remained steady. In connection with In Helsinki, international aspects are is, and will continue to be, one of approving the annual accounts, the City becoming more and more clearly visible Eva-Riitta Siitonen 5 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 6

Development in the hands of the City Council

nder the division of powers The City Council accounts, in addition to setting the City Council 2000 between central and local gov- The most important decision-making general goals to be striven for by the U ernment in Finland, municipali- body in Helsinki is the City Council, the City. 85 members representing the following ties enjoy autonomy in the administra- 85 members of which are elected by On January 12, Helsinki City political parties: • National Coalition (Conservative) 26 tion of many of their affairs. Certain direct popular vote every four years. The Council assembled for its 125th • Social Democratic Party 21 basic tasks are stipulated in the Local City Council elects its own Chair and anniversary council meeting in the pres- • Greens 20 Government Act, and in addition to two Deputy Chairs, the members of ence of visiting dignitaries. When local • Swedish People’s Party of Finland 7 • Left-Wing Alliance 6 these municipalities may voluntarily the City Board as well as the members authority decision-making began in • Centre Party of Finland 2 assume others. The only way in which of the various committees in proportion 1875, the representatives were chosen • Christian League of Finland 2 the tasks entrusted to municipalities to the relative strengths of the various by elections where the right to vote • Metropolitan Area Independents 1 can be altered is by amending the Local parties represented on it. The other was determined according to the tax Government Act or by special legisla- main tasks of the City Council include rate. At that time, 10.6% of the City’s tion. deliberating budgets and balancing population had the right to vote and there were 48 councillors. From 1919 onwards there has been universal and equal suffrage at local elections. Audit Committee Auditor In local elections for the period • Audit Department 2001–2004, held during the year under review, 30 new councillors were chosen as members of the new City Council out of a total of 85. Of the

changes that took place in the relative City Board 2000 strengths between the political group- ings, most media attention was 15 members representing the following political parties: devoted to the rise of the Greens to • National Coalition (Conservative) 5 become the second largest group. • Social Democratic Party 4 • Greens 3 • Swedish People’s Party of Finland 2 • Left-Wing Alliance 1

Ms. Suvi Rihtniemi (in the middle) chaired the City Council, with 26 committees Ms. Hannele Luukkainen (on the left) with 9 – 13 members each; selected by and Ms. Tuula Haatainen her City Council deputies. 6 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 7

Departments and Offices

Lord Mayor Deputy Mayor for Cultural Deputy Mayor for Social Deputy Mayor for City Deputy Mayor for • City Office and Personnel Affairs Affairs and Public Health Planning and Real Estate Technical Services • Finlandia Hall • Education Department • Social Service Department • City Planning Department • Helsinki Wholesale Market • Fire and Rescue Department • Helsinki Polytechnic • Health Department • Real Estate Department • Supplies Department • Centre of the Environment • Finnish Adult Education Centre • Bureau for the Supervision of • Housing Production Bureau • Public Works Department • Audit Department, • Swedish Adult Education Centre Guardianship Interests • Building Regulation Department • Helsinki Energy General Administration • City Library • Helsinki Water • City Art Museum • Port of Helsinki • Cultural Centre • City Transport Department • City Museum • Helsinki Catering • Bureau of the Helsinki • Helsinki Textile Services Philharmonic Orchestra • Helsinki Zoo • Youth Department • Sports Department • Training and Development Centre • Occupational Heath Centre • Helsinki Urban Facts

City Board Lord Mayor and Deputy The City Board is responsible for The Mayor and the four Deputy Mayors • administration and financial manage- are each responsible for distinct sectors ment of work and report to the City Board. • preparatory processing of business They follow activities in their respective to be dealt with by the City Council segments and oversee the implemen- • implementation of Council decisions tation of decisions. They are also • examining the legality of Council responsible for preparatory processing decisions of business within their remits and for reporting to the City Board on these The fifteen members of the City Board matters. • are elected by the City Council for two- year terms and in proportion to the Council’s political composition.

Ms. Rakel Hiltunen (in the middle) chaired the City Board, with Mr. Pekka Sauri (on the left) and Mr. Harry Bogomoloff as deputy chairmen. 7 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 8

The Lord Mayor’s Sector

recession and nobody else is going to An active EU city Lord Mayor of Helsinki foot the bill for Helsinki. The City has taken an active part in the Eva-Riitta Siitonen The favourable development of running debate within the European enterprises operating in Helsinki and its Union on urban policy and future EU • General planning and management • Budget and financial planning environs is reflected in the labour force administrative practices. Helsinki was • Accounts situation and in the markets for office chosen to hold the presidency of both • Internal auditing and commercial premises. The quality the Eurocities organization and of • Environmental affairs • Fire and rescue services and quantity of vocational training were UCUE (Union des Capitales de l’Union • International affairs reviewed, taking into account the Europèenne) for 2001. • Information services and promotion of tourism needs of business, as there is great The Eurocities organization has

demand in the rapidly growing technol- established a firm position as a lobbying Key figures A successful economy ogy sectors for staff with special train- organization representing the interests In euros (EUR 1 = FIM 5.946) in the Helsinki region ing. The projects launched as follow-up of major cities. Key issues concerning • Budget, total EUR 4,066.3 million The City’s annual accounts for 2000 work to the earlier trade and industry the future of cities will be coming up • Income EUR 20.4 million show good economic progress. Tax rev- programme were completed in 2000. during Helsinki’s presidency of Euroci- • Expenditure EUR 186.1 million enues in Helsinki amounted to EUR Construction of office and commercial ties in 2001. • Expenditure per inhabitant EUR 336 • Investment EUR 15.4 million 2,163 million. The accumulated revenue premises continued at a brisk pace. Several City departments have from tax exceeds the figure in the implemented projects linked with their • Personnel total 1,245 • % of total City employees 3.3 budget. The City’s operating margin Helsinki anniversary year sectors in the form of international remained well within the budget frame- The City’s central administration cooperation and within the framework work, with operating income growing handled much of the organization for of EU programmes. The most extensive Capital year. For example, the City con- in almost the same proportion as oper- the year of festivities. As far as the project was one in the Community Ini- tributed to the Finnish pavilion at the ating expenditure. 450th anniversary project was con- tiatives Urban programme which was EXPO 2000 Hanover world exposition, To offset the positive accrual of tax cerned, the City Office took care of the undertaken in collaboration with the which proved to be the most popular revenues, the cumulative government coordination the City Council’s 125th City of Vantaa and completed during the pavilion in several visitor surveys. The financial contribution was in the nega- anniversary celebrations, the city’s own year under review. The cities have theme of the annual celebrations of the tive for the first time, to the tune of 450th anniversary celebrations and the lodged an application with the govern- Berlin journalists’ association in January almost EUR –13 million. Because wind- City of Culture events. At the celebra- ment to continue the work under the was ’Finland and Helsinki’. fall yields, such as sales of land or equi- tion session of the City Council on Urban II programme. Helsinki’s status in the competition ties, have considerable effect on the January 12, 2000, a foundation was for international congresses was exam- annual results, there is a need for established to commemorate the joint Marketing ined while drawing up a congress strat- caution in considering how to finance 450th anniversary and City of Culture More investment was put into market- egy and, following its recommenda- future investments and services. We year, with the aim of providing studio ing Helsinki than previously, both inside tions: a convention bureau was set up are still paying the costs of the last apartments for artists. and outside the framework of Cultural within the City Tourist Office early in 8 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 9

2001. In terms of tourist numbers 2000 was a record year. After long-lasting renovations to the external walls, Finlandia Hall enjoyed its first full operating year. It turned out to be a record year in many ways; 1,100 events were arranged alto- gether, drawing 321,000 visitors. The busiest year in Finlandia Hall’s history also produced favourable economic results.

Sustainable development is always important The Swedish royal visit was the undisputed high point of Helsinki’s 450th anniversary celebrations. It received an enormous amount of In the environmental sector, work on attention from the people of Helsinki and the mass media. Helsinki’s sustainable development action programme continued through- for being the best organization in the Area over drawing up a joint action doc- on improving the IT infrastructure and out the year under review. A report public sector. On the international front ument for the State and the Metropoli- developing existing services for the dealing with the indicators used in environmental education projects and tan Area. Working groups have begun people of Helsinki. Interaction between assessing sustainability in the activities action to improve the state of the envi- to implement the proposals. Coopera- residents and the City administration of the City, its residents and the busi- ronment in the neighbouring areas tion has been extended as required by has developed with the help of the ness community, was completed in the were continued. the joint action document to cover the Internet. autumn. Sustainable development pro- A safety strategy was drawn up for municipality of Sipoo as well, in drawing The threat to computer systems jects led by residents were also sup- the City of Helsinki in 2000 with the up a picture of land-use development. posed by the millennium bug was suc- ported in connection with preventing main emphasis on improving the way All the local authorities involved will cessfully avoided. Linked with the marginalization and social exclusion. average Helsinki residents see their deal with the development picture development of the information society, Environmental activity focused on safety on an everyday basis. This is during 2001. there was close cooperation in the food safety issues, renovating polluted being done by stepping up cooperation Telecities and Global Cities Dialogue land, combating environmental hazards between various interests, such as the IT developments networks. • caused by traffic and investigation and police, the business community, resi- In line with the City’s information tech- prevention of defects caused by damp dents, parishes and the City, and tar- nology strategy, major IT development and mould. Helsinki’s environmental geting action at the grass roots level. projects in Social Affairs and Public reporting procedure has aroused a Health and in the Education sector good deal of interest; in the 2000 envi- Regional cooperation made good progress during the year ronmental reporting competition the There was close cooperation between under review. The main focus of IT City received an honourable mention the mayors in the Helsinki Metropolitan developments for the whole City was 9 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 10

Education and Culture

summer, the City Library was awarded Deputy Mayor an important prize by the Bill and Antti Viinikka Melinda Gates Foundation for its work Deputy Mayor in promoting the use of information Ilkka-Christian Björklund (1.8. 2000) Cultural and Personnel Affairs technology and the Internet. The Access to Learning Prize, worth 6 • General and vocational education and training million US dollars, was awarded for the • Adult education services • City library services first time. The citation highlighted the • Cultural affairs importance of The Cable Book Library • Sports (Kirjakaapeli) in the Lasipalatsi as a • Youth activities Antti Viinikka Ilkka-Christian Björklund • Personnel policy provider of progressive, IT-based library very wide range of high-quality The City Library has a network of services. The prize-money will be used Key figures educational, cultural and leisure 35 well-stocked branches offering both for a number of things including the In euros (EUR 1 = FIM 5.946) A services is guaranteed in traditional printed material and com- development of a service station for • Income EUR 36.2 million Helsinki and the level of learning among puter services and Internet connections information. • Expenditure EUR 465.2 million the inhabitants is high. The general, for the use of residents. During the The City is also proud to offer resi- • Expenditure per inhabitant EUR 841 • Investment EUR 92.6 million vocational and adult education services provided by the City are of acknowl- • Personnel total 9,210 edged high quality. There are 188 com- • % of total City employees 23.8 prehensive schools and upper sec- ondary schools. Although education in most is through the medium of Finnish, dents a large variety of cultural events there are 27 schools for Swedish-speak- and activities. The Helsinki City ers and several others using English, Museum comprises several separate German, Russian, French or any of institutions, each specializing in a dif- several other languages. Education and ferent area. Helsinki also has its own art school meals are free, as are books and museum, which boasts a considerable other classroom material in compre- collection of Finnish contemporary hensive schools. Adult Education work. Centres offer an impressively wide The Helsinki City Theatre and the range of opportunities for people Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra are wishing to develop their skills in differ- well-known institutions, which offer an ent fields. Provision has also been impressive palette of cultural events made to meet the needs of immigrants. A picnic in the park at Kaivopuisto – as they used to be in olden days. meeting high international standards. 10 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 11

Many parks in the city were dominated by a number of ’City of Culture’ concerts that were a great success with the general public.

The Opera House is also a source of arranges a wide variety of leisure activ- in conjunction with City of Culture year. they were at the height of the reces- civic pride. ities. Surveys and follow-up studies have sion. Using additional funding for The Helsinki Zoo presents a wide The principal element in the year been carried out on City of Culture year employment projects from the Euro- variety of species in conditions corre- 2000, particularly amongst cultural to make the most of the experiences pean Social Fund, efforts are being sponding as closely as possible to their activities, was Helsinki’s status as one gained. The City administration has also made to promote private enterprise, natural habitats. of nine Cities of Culture. Visitors to City set up a cultural committee to draw up prevent marginalization, increase cus- Among the other amenities pro- of Culture events totalled more than 5.2 a cultural plan that takes these experi- tomized precision training and, espe- vided by the City are sports fields, million. Assorted art education ences into account. cially, to solve the problems of immi- recreation areas, sports halls, tennis schemes and community projects were grants. • courts and indoor swimming pools. of key importance. Various forms of Special focus on employment Sports events for both young and old cooperation, between City and central The City has successfully continued to are organized by the City, which also government and between City and combat and treat joblessness. Unem- runs youth centres and clubs and private enterprise, were implemented ployment figures are now half what 11 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 12

Social Affairs and Public Health

Care for the elderly and services place within it, demographic changes, Deputy Mayor for the handicapped include: legislative responsibilities and the eco- Timo Honkala • housing services and homes for the nomic progress of the City. In 2000, it Social Affairs and Public Health elderly was possible to provide the required Social Affairs • service and recreation centres social welfare services and financial • home-help services support within the framework of the • Children’s day care • transport assistance approved budget. • Social welfare services • Services for the elderly and the handicapped In Social Affairs and Health, the • Immigration affairs Key challenges on the social affairs side main emphasis was on improving the relate to ensuring that the residents of quality of life for old people, children and Public Health Care

Helsinki are provided with statutory young people, and a new drugs strategy • Municipal health services ocial Affairs and Public Health is basic services and at least a minimum was drawn up for the City. At the begin- • Municipal hospital services the largest sector of services level of livelihood. The features empha- ning of 2000, a project was launched on Key figures provided by the City. It affects sized in services are preventive mea- services for the aged, which to begin S In euros (EUR 1 = FIM 5.946) practically every resident and accounts sures, customer-centricity, flexibility with focused on improving care for the for more than half of the City’s labour and efficiency. aged at home. Social Affairs and Health • Income EUR 174.3 million • Expenditure EUR 1,336.7 million force. It comprises children’s day care, The public health-care system • Expenditure per inhabitant EUR 2,416 care for the elderly and the entire includes • Investment EUR 66.2 million municipal health-care system. • maternity and children’s clinics • Personnel total 20,235 • dental clinics • % of total City employees 52.3 Supporting people • mental health clinics in their everyday lives • school nurses and doctors Helsinki provides day care for all pre- • various hospital services was also a prime mover in drawing up school children. Most children attend the City’s policy programme on families activities at day-care centres, but Municipal health centres provide resi- and children, as it was in preparing the parents also have the option of receiv- dents with services either free of strategy on drugs. Helsinki is continuing ing financial support to help them care charge or on payment of very moder- to implement a containment strategy, for children under the age of three at ate fees. with the aim of halting the growth in home. Due to the long maternity leave drug abuse and the harmful effects that to which women are statutorily entitled, The goal is to guarantee accompany it, and minimizing abuse by most children under the age of one are a broad range of social services current users. cared for at home. The need for and use of social services Families living in Helsinki were able There are 336 day-care centres in are closely related to the surrounding to choose from various daycare alterna- the city. community and the changes that take tives for their children: local authority 12 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 13

daycare and preschool placing, home care allowance, or private care allowance. There was a place for every child needing daycare, as there were no queues, and the number of children below school age who were in daycare went down by about a thousand. The biggest challenge in daycare was to rec- oncile the growing needs in new areas with the declining needs in older areas. Free pre-school teaching for six- year-olds started in August and was mainly organized in daycare centres. An outline curriculum was drawn up in col- laboration with Education and this was then fleshed out in cooperation with local schools. The hopes and expectations of old people to be able to live at home as long as possible are encouraged. One of the things that has been done to help in this area has been to boost home- care services by increasing the number of vacancies for home help by 76. The City is also supporting increased super- vision in sheltered housing and group homes for old people by stepping up its

own activity by 16% compared with the The City supports parents in bringing up their children and aims to have a strong influence on the development of children’s education and previous year and by buying in services the creation of a stimulating environment for growing up. from the private sector. The number of people receiving allowances for taking care of close relatives at home also beginning of 2000. The Uusimaa and ity was established. The key aims of the health care and increase the efficiency went up by 18%. Helsinki Hospital Districts and the reorganization were to dissolve the of decision-making on levels of treat- One of the biggest reorganizations Helsinki University Central Hospital surplus capacity in specializt medical ment. • in health care in Finland was imple- joint municipal board ceased to exist care, weed out overlaps, centralize mented in Helsinki and Uusimaa at the and a new hospital district joint author- emergency services, strengthen basic 13 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 14

City Planning and Infrastructure

feature prominently in all aspects of previous year. Despite the relatively Deputy Mayor urban planning and will be even more plentiful number of building permits, Pekka Korpinen strongly in evidence in the future. The there were distinctly fewer housing and City Planning and Real Estate environment in which the City functions office building starts than in 1999. The • Urban and traffic planning will be a more international one than it reduction in starts was particularly • Land purchases and transfers has been up to now. visible in housing construction. There is • City survey a natural tendency towards uncertainty • Real-estate management Tide turns in construction growth • Municipal housing - production and repair as a long period of growth flattens out. • Building regulation The year 2000 was a fairly lively period for building construction, especially in Ruoholahti – flagship for office and Key figures In euros (EUR 1 = FIM 5.946) terms of completed projects and the commercial building he City of Helsinki owns two- number of building permits granted. Construction of office and commercial • Income EUR 152.0 million thirds of the land inside its Towards the end of the year, however, buildings continued vigorously in Ruo- • Expenditure EUR 127.2 million • Expenditure per inhabitant EUR 230 T boundaries and is also a consid- starts were down compared with the holahti. The last sites in the Helsinki • Investment EUR 55.3 million erable landowner in the surrounding municipalities. The City acquires and • Personnel total 1,087 • % of total City employees 2.8 sells land in order to ensure ideal con- ditions for its development. It also leases land to companies, for housing, High-Tech Centre were sold and con- to industry as well as to private struction of phase two got under way. persons. Ecological thinking and envi- Building on the Nokia site continued ronmental consciousness play an and the Itämerentori office complex important role in urban planning. These was finished. Ruoholahti is becoming principles are applied in regulating con- one of Europe’s biggest centres for struction, developing and maintaining information technology. When all con- the street network as well as in keeping struction projects in the area are com- parks and recreation areas in good con- pleted, there will be around 11,000 IT dition. professionals working there. The City’s master plan for 2002 is Collaboration with the University of under preparation. The master plan is Helsinki continued. The Biomedicum intended to provide solutions that will scheme at Meilahti was completed, enable the City to respond to popula- while building work started at Viikki on tion growth and preserve its vitality and the third phase of the Biokeskus competitiveness. Environmental issues The City’s administrative area since 1550. (Helsinki University Biocentre) and the 14 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 15

Over the centuries, the town that was founded at the mouth of the Vantaanjoki river has grown into a modern city containing a number of growth centres and several centres of expertise. The photograph shows the unveiling of a memorial erected at the point where the city was founded.

Helsinki-Gardenia centre. One of the able location for the European food an industrial design centre and on con- aims in pressing ahead with these authority. Construction continued on structing the first building for small developments at Viikki was to provide the university’s Kumpula campus area. enterprises. • further support for Helsinki’s proposal At Arabianranta, work started on reno- of the area as being an eminently suit- vating the old Arabia factory building as 15 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 16

City-owned Public Corporation and Technical Services

district heating and related services to to the targets set by the City. The Port Deputy Mayor companies and private users. With of Helsinki set new records in both uni- Martin Meinander more than 300,000 clients, Helsinki tized cargo traffic and passenger traffic, Technical services Energy is one of the largest producers and the port’s service capacity was • Energy supply and distributors of electricity and dis- used very efficiently. Sales of water • The Port of Helsinki: harbour services for trict heating. Over 90% of the City’s remained steady. freight and passenger traffic housing is connected to the district- Satisfaction with public transport • Public transport services • Water supply and sewage treatment heating network. services continues to grow. Helsinki • Municipal engineering and maintenance Helsinki Water serves nearly one was given top marks out of all the services million inhabitants as well as industries Nordic capitals in a survey of public Key figures in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area. transport passenger satisfaction, com- In euros (EUR 1 = FIM 5.946) elsinki Technical Services covers Helsinki collaborates with several missioned by Transport. The the physical infrastructure of the municipalities in raw water supply. number of passengers grew by 3.1% • Income EUR 1,006.2 million • Expenditure EUR 1,111.0 million H city, encompassing construc- on the previous year. Bus services • Expenditure per inhabitant EUR 2,008 tion, electricity generation, water distri- Greater efficiency came under pressure from fuel price • Investment EUR 326.2 million bution and treatment, public transport gives greater satisfaction fluctuations in terms of costs, but were • Personnel total 6,893 and harbour operations. The Supplies Technical Services succeeded in taking able to survive with credit. • % of total City employees 17.8 Department, catering and textile ser- care of its principal functions according Helsinki Energy strengthened its vices are also part of these activities. The City has excellent harbour facil- position in the electricity markets, ities. The Port of Helsinki is Finland’s despite the fact that the markets were number one port for export shipping subject to concentration of business and is in a leading position for groupage activity, internationalization and keen cargo imports. In addition, more than competition. Exceptionally low price 9 million passengers pass through the levels, heightened competition and a Port of Helsinki every year. warmer than average year led to a drop Helsinki City Transport has its own in district heating demand which fleet of buses, trams and underground reduced overall income and profitability trains, in addition to which it outsources to some extent. services. Public transport accounts for a Helsinki Energy purchased three high proportion of total passenger hydroelectric power stations which aug- movement, close to 70% in the central mented the utility’s range of energy

areas of the city during the rush hours. ’City of Culture’ year supported the use of non-vehicular public transport. The ’City Cycles’ sources. During the year under review, City-owned utilities offer electricity, were all the rage. a construction project for a new heating 16 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 17

plant was launched in conjunction with Helsinki Energy’s associated company, Vantaa Energy Oy. Helsinki-Gardenia, the new gar- dening and environmental information centre under construction at Viikki, reached the topping-out stage and will commence operations in autumn 2001. The centre is being implemented in col- laboration with the University of Helsinki. The first stage of planning the extension of the Metro to the west of Helsinki was completed. The proposed line of the Metro, running in a tunnel for its entire length, from western Helsinki to the neighbouring city of Espoo, was put forward for comment.

One big celebration Helsinki’s 450th anniversary celebra- tions and its status as a European City of Culture were both clearly visible in the street scene. The City was decked Mass catering has been seen as important throughout the ages. In this celebration year, Helsinki Catering helped with the catering at out with flowers and flags by the Public various events in many different ways. Works Department and festive flood- lighting was organized by Helsinki Energy. Regular cleaning of public areas particularly favourable reception by the Ships’ Race visited Helsinki. Over 80 munications. In a competition for envi- was stepped up so that it was even general public. All in all, an unusually sailing ships took part in the race and, at ronmental reporting, Helsinki Water more pleasant than usual to live in such large number of urban and environ- its height, there were around 3,000 was awarded second prize in the sepa- a spruced-up City. The Public Works mental works of art were created in the young sailors in town. The event rate environmental reports section and Department received numerous awards City. The most important of these was brought close on half a million visitors the City of Helsinki received an hon- for carrying out their work so well. the Lähde monument, completed in into the city centre. ourable mention as the best organiza- One of the principal projects in the honour of the centenary of President Technical Services received recog- tion in the public sector for its develop- year of celebrations was the art garden Kekkonen’s birth. nition for their active work in the fields ment project on environmental report- at Töölönlahti Bay, which was given a In mid-July, the Cutty Sark Tall of environmental reporting and com- ing. • 17 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 18

Finances

Finland’s economic growth continues municipality to another between 15% and was budgeted and 18% more than in 1999. Personnel by sector The Finnish economy has been following 19.75%. In 2000, the local tax rate in The City’s operating expenditure and City planning and General administration 1,245 a favourable trend for several years. In Helsinki was 16.5%. income remained well within the budget real estate 1,087 2000, gross domestic product grew 5.7% In Helsinki, tax receipts are excep- framework. Including City-owned public Technical services 6,893 compared with the previous year and tionally large, making up 62% of total corporations, investments by the City Social affairs and favourable progress is expected to con- revenue, with income from operations, totalled EUR 556 million. public health 20,235 tinue. Export growth continued to be vig- such as sales revenue and fee income The annual coverage for the year orous and private consumption continued making up a 36% share. A little over 62% under review amounted to EUR 506 Cultural and perhaps even more rapidly than forecast. of tax receipts comes from income tax million, compared to EUR 351 million in personnel affairs 9,210 Cost increases remained relatively levied on wage earners. The second most the previous year. According to the Total 38,675 modest. The rise in consumer prices of important source of tax revenue is the budget and omitting City-owned public 3.4% resulted mainly from increases in quota of corporation tax returned by the corporations, the annual coverage was the price of oil and higher interest rates. central government to the municipality in EUR 362 million, compared to EUR 180 Breakdown of expenditure The number of jobs increased along with which a company is domiciled. By con- million in the previous year. Other expenditure 3.2 % General Financial the brisk economic growth. The average trast, the property tax introduced in 1993 The surplus for the year under administration 6.0 % expenditure 0.9 % annual unemployment rate decreased to is of lesser significance, being only about review, before reserves and changes in City planning and 8.1% from the previous year figure 8.6%. 5% of total tax revenues. funds, was EUR 388 million. It was real estate 4.1 % The economy of the Greater Helsinki decided to transfer a total of EUR 226 Social affairs and public health Area grew more quickly than the average Helsinki economy on an even keel million from the surplus into reserve Technical services 27.7 % 43.1 % for the whole country. This is explained The economic situation of the City of funds. The City’s indebtedness declined largely by the electronics industry, where Helsinki remains steady. The impact of further, amounting to EUR 404 per capita Cultural and personnel affairs growth in production has been in a class vigorous economic growth can be seen at the end of the year; at the end of the 15.0 % of its own compared with other sectors. particularly in the increase in the accrual previous year this figure was EUR 451. Total EUR 3 101.5 mill. Output of business services again of corporation tax and municipal tax rev- Liquidity remained high throughout the increased rapidly, too. enues. The impact on the increase in year with cash on hand sufficient for 66 Breakdown of revenue municipal tax revenues caused by the days’ outgoings. The financial perfor- Financial income Extraordinary Structure of municipal revenues varies stock options offered by companies to their mance before reserves of all City-owned 1.8 % income 3.6 % The composition of municipal revenues staff, as part of their contract of employ- public corporations was positive. The City- varies greatly from region to region. ment, has been considerable. Revenue owned public corporations were able to Operating income 32.6 % Municipal tax revenues are made up of from corporation tax increased because enter as income the return on basic Tax revenue 62.0 % local taxes, which are set by the munici- income trends for companies were better capital set as budget targets and the inter- palities themselves, a share of the corpo- than expected. The City’s tax revenues est on establishment loans, and make ration tax paid by companies, and prop- totalled EUR 2.2 billion. Tax revenues repayments to the City on establishment erty tax. The local tax rate varies from one amounted to EUR 0.3 billion more than loans according to plan. • Total EUR 3 489.2 mill. 18 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 19

THE BALANCE SHEET OF THE CITY OF HELSINKI 31.12.2000 31.12.1999 31.12.2000 31.12.1999 EUR mill. EUR mill EUR mill. EUR mill. ASSETS LIABILITIES

NON-CURRENT ASSETS OWN CAPITAL Basic capital 2,972.4 2,972.4 Intangible assets Connection fee fund 27.2 19.5 Intangible rights 37.4 33.0 Revaluation fund 1,851.4 1,856.4 Other long-term expenditure 37.6 27.3 Other funds 612.1 397.4 Advance payments 1.6 0.2 Other equity 456.7 427.5 76.6 60.5 Surplus/Deficit for previous financial years 260.3 155.6 Tangible assets Surplus/Deficit for financial year 149.5 104.6 Land and water areas 2,266.9 2,241.1 6,329.6 5,933.5 Buildings 1,178.0 1,119.5 Fixed structures and fittings 1,658.7 1,646.5 DEPRECIATION DIFFERENCE AND Machinery and equipment 157.9 154.0 Other tangible assets 6.2 5.5 VOLUNTARY PROVISIONS Advance payments and works in progress 236.7 204.4 Depreciation difference 100.7 120.9 5,504.5 5,371.1 Voluntary provisions 123.9 109.3 224.6 230.2 Investments Shares and participations 620.5 498.3 OBLIGATORY PROVISIONS Bonds 0.5 0.5 Pension provisions 463.6 487.5 Other loan receivables 569.6 564.8 Other obligatory provisions 10.6 21.3 1,190.6 1,063.6 474.2 508.8 FUNDS FOR COMMISSIONED TASKS CAPITAL FOR COMMISSIONED TASKS Assigned by the State 300.8 280.5 Assigned by the State 303.0 282.8 Special margins on endowment funds 3.2 2.3 Endowment fund capital 3.2 2.3 Assigned by other instances 546.9 444.7 Other capital for commissioned tasks 552.8 437.5 850.9 727.6 859.0 722.6 CURRENT ASSETS BORROWED CAPITAL Inventories Materials and supplies 54.5 53.2 Long-term Incomplete products 2.0 0.1 Bonds 198.9 245.1 Advance payments 0 0,0 Loans from financial and insurance institutions 0.9 1.0 56.5 53.3 Loans from public-sector bodies 1.3 1.6 Advances received 0.8 0.8 Receivables Other long-term liabilities 0.8 0.8 Long-term receivables 202.7 249.3 Loans due 0.1 0.1 Other receivables 3.9 5.3 4.0 5.4 Short-term Bonds 23.1 0 Short-term receivables Loans from financial and insurance institutions 0.1 0.1 Sales receivables 71.3 78.3 Loans from public-sector bodies 0.2 1.0 Loans due 0.9 0.5 Advances received 13.9 12.4 Other receivables 54.5 51.1 Accounts payable 106.0 116.6 Accrued income 126.9 88.1 Deferred credits and accrued charges 247.7 259.9 253.6 218.0 Other short-term liabilities 70.2 67.7 Total receivables 257.6 223.4 461.2 457.7

Financial asset securities Total borrowed capital 663.9 707.0 Investments in financial instruments 530.5 594.7 Bonds 75.4 0 605.9 594.7 TOTAL LIABILITIES 8,551.4 8,102.1 Cash in hand and at banks 8.8 7.9

TOTAL ASSETS 8,551.4 8,102.1 19 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 20

THE INCOME STATEMENT OF THE CITY OF HELSINKI STATEMENT OF SOURCE AND APPLICATION OF FUNDS

31.12.2000 31.12.1999 2000 1999 EUR mill. EUR mill. EUR mill. EUR mill. OPERATING INCOME CASH FLOW FROM OPERATIONS AND INVESTMENTS Sales proceeds 658.6 650.2 Fees and charges 118.5 132.4 Operating income Subsidies and grants 26.6 26.5 Annual coverage 506.0 350.7 Rents 197.3 176.2 Extraordinary items 140.7 39.6 Other income 40.3 32.0 Adjustment items for operational cash flow financing -162.6 -83.4 1,041.3 1,017.4 484.1 306.9 Production for own use 94.9 84.5 Investments OPERATING EXPENSES Investment in fixed assets -555.8 -403.4 Personnel costs Share of investment expenditure 4.1 19.0 Wages, salaries and fees -939.1 -960.2 Proceeds from the sale of fixed assets 144.1 71.6 Personnel-related costs -407.6 -312.8 Pension costs -239.3 -212.6 Other personnel-related costs -84.7 -104.4 Purchased services -802.9 -639.7 Net cash flow from operations and investments 76.5 -5.9 Materials and supplies purchases during financial year -305.7 -300.2 decrease in inventories 1.8 -2.8 CASH FLOW FROM FINANCIAL OPERATIONS Grants -228.0 -197.0 Changes in lending Rents -100.4 -92.0 Increase in granted loans -41.6 -30.6 Other expenses -30.9 -23.3 Decrease in granted loans 36.8 30.7 -2,729.2 -2,532.2 -4.8 0.1 GROSS MARGIN -1,593.0 -1,430.3 Changes in loan portofolio Taxes and government contributions Increase in long-term debt 5.0 0.2 Tax revenues 2,163.1 1,838.6 Decrease in long-term debt -29.2 -163.2 Government contributions -12.7 15.0 -24.2 -163.0 VAT refunds -86.6 -80.8 2,063.7 1,772.8 Financial income and expenses Changes in own capital 7.7 0 Interest income 53.6 50.6 Other financial income 8.3 6.9 Other changes in liquidity Interest expenses -22.2 -28.1 Changes in capital and reserves for commioned tasks 13.2 -81.2 Other financial expenses -4.4 -21.4 35.3 8.1 Change in current assets -3.2 8.0 Change in long-term receivables 1.4 0 ANNUAL COVERAGE 506.0 350.7 Change in short-term receivables -35.6 -0.7 Depreciations and write-downs Change in interest-free long- and short-term debt -18.9 95.5 Planned depreciations -259.0 -244.6 -43.1 21.6 Extraordinary income and expenses Extraordinary income 140.7 69.8 Net cash flow from financial operations -64.4 -141.3 Extraordinary expenses 0.0 -30.2 140.7 39.6 PROFIT/LOSS FOR FINANCIAL YEAR 387.8 145.7 CHANGE IN CASH RESERVES 12.1 -147.2 Changes in reserves and funds Change in depreciation difference 20.2 3.1 Change in cash reserves Change in reserves -14.6 -15.9 Cash reserves 31.12. 614.7 602.6 Change in funds -243.9 -28.2 Cash reserves 1.1. -602.6 -749.8 -238.3 -41.0 12.1 -147.2 SURPLUS FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 149.5 104.6 20 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 21

INCOME STATEMENT OF CITY-OWNED PUBLIC CORPORATIONS 31.12. (EUR MILL.)

Helsinki Energy Helsinki Water Port of Helsinki Helsinki City Transport Helsinki Textile Service Helsinki Catering 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999

TURNOVER 395.7 419.6 85.0 83.0 69.0 66.4 184.3 181.2 5.8 5.7 35.4 36.4 Production for own use 5.4 6.6 2.8 2.8 0.9 1.1 2.8 2.6 - - - - Other income from business operations 9.4 8.7 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.1 9.0 8.0 0.0 0.0 - -

Materials and services -201.9 -193.4 -15.6 -14.5 -11.4 -11.4 -84.9 -77.9 -2.0 -1.9 -15.0 -16.0 Personnel costs -59.3 -62.2 -12.2 -12.5 -14.8 -14.1 -69.3 -71.0 -3.0 -3.0 -15.1 -15.1 Depreciations and write-downs -76.8 -75.8 -25.3 -24.4 -11.1 -9.8 -25.7 -25.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 Other operational costs -22.0 -20.8 -2.3 -2.3 -9.6 -9.3 -7.7 -5.1 -0.1 -0.1 -4.3 -4.9

OPERATING SURPLUS 50.5 82.7 32.9 32.3 23.3 23.0 8.5 12.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.1

Financial income and expenses -25.5 -27.1 -31.2 -32.2 -4.2 -6.0 -10.4 -10.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.0 -0.1

SURPLUS/ DEFICIT BEFORE PROVISIONS 25.0 55.6 1.7 0.1 19.1 17.0 -1.9 2.0 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.0

Change in provisions and funds -25.0 -41.7 0.3 0.3 -19.1 -16.8 1.9 -2.0 - - - -

SURPLUS/DEFICIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 0.0 13.9 2.0 0.4 0 0.2 0 0 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.0

CITY-OWNED PUBLIC CORPORATIONS: STATEMENT OF SOURCE AND APPLICATION OF FUNDS 1.1. – 31.12. (EUR mill.) Helsinki Energy Helsinki Water Port of Helsinki Helsinki City Transport Helsinki Textile Service Helsinki Catering 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 2000 1999 CASH FLOW FROM BUSINESS OPERATIONS AND INVESTMENTS Operating income 54.3 84.0 27.0 24.5 30.2 26.8 23.7 27.5 0.7 0.7 1.0 0.3 Investments -155.4 -39.4 -22.1 -19.6 -9.0 -12.4 -47.9 -28.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4 Net cash flow from business operations and investments -101.1 44.6 4.9 4.9 21.2 14.4 -24.2 -1.4 0.4 0.4 0.8 -0.1

CASH FLOW FROM FINANCIAL OPERATIONS Changes in loan portofolio 100.3 -8.8 -7.3 -7.3 -1.9 -1.9 17.6 -0.1 - - - - Changes in share capital 4.8 4.3 2.9 1.9 - - 6.2 4.0 - - - - Other changes in liquidity -4.1 -40.4 4.4 -3.6 1.4 -0.7 -6.9 -2.2 0.0 0.3 -0.5 0.4

Net cash flow from financial operations 101.0 -44.9 -0.0 -9.0 -0.5 -2.6 16.9 1.7 0.0 0.3 -0.5 0.4

CHANGE IN CASH RESERVES -0.1 -0.3 4.9 -4.1 20.8 11.9 -7.2 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.3 Change in cash reserves Cash reserves31.12. 4.0 4.1 17.3 12.4 101.9 81.1 6.1 13.3 3.8 3.4 3.6 3.3 Cash reserves 1.1. -4.1 -4.4 -12.4 -16.5 -81.1 -69.2 -13.3 -13.0 -3.4 -2.7 -3.3 -3.0 -0.1 -0.3 4.9 -4.1 20.8 11.9 -7.2 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.3 0.3

21 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 22

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET Assets of the funds 31 Dec. 2000 31 Dec. 1999 31.12.2000 31.12.1999 EUR mill. EUR mill. EUR mill. EUR mill. Insurance fund 51.9 50.4 ASSETS Sports and recreation fund 43.4 25.9 Housing loan fund 73.9 71.7 Loan repayment fund 188.2 130.7 NON-CURRENT ASSETS Kamppi-Töölönlahti area investment fund 13.6 3.5 Intangible assets 108.4 86.7 Housing production fund 104.3 62.5 Tangible assets 7,700.1 7,453.4 Emergency fuel supply fund 52.7 52.7 Investments 579.3 472.3 Suburban improvement fund 84.1 - Total 612.1 397.4 FUNDS FOR COMMISSIONED TASKS 259.0 191.3

CURRENT ASSETS Inventories 62.9 56.8 Receivables Long-term 4.3 5.4 Short-term 282.6 240.2 Financial asset securities 620.8 617.9 Cash in hand and at banks 119.2 91.1

TOTAL ASSETS 9,736.6 9,215.1

LIABILITIES

OWN CAPITAL 6,113.5 5,776.1

MINORITY INTEREST 35.4 31.2

RESERVES Accumulated depreciation difference 133.9 141.9 Voluntary provisions 169.7 149.6 Obligatory provisions 492.3 522.5

CAPITAL FOR COMMISSIONED TASKS 562.0 342.2

BORROWED CAPITAL Long-term 1,597.5 1,571.1 Short-term 632.3 680.5

TOTAL LIABILITIES 9,736.6 9,215.1

22 HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 23

Brief facts about Helsinki

Helsinki Housing Transport and Health care Education Tourism Founded in 1550 Dwellings total 290,100 communications Sub-district heath centres Rate of school drop-outs at Passengers (million) The Finnish Capital since 1812 Owner-occupied dwellings 46.1 % Registered cars per of the city 31 primary and secondary via Helsinki-Vantaa Airport 10 Housing density, m2/person 32.2 1000 inhabitants 327 Hospitals of the city 7 school level is 0.07 % via Port of Helsinki 9 Environment Rented dwellings owned Public transports within the via railway station 40 Total area 686 sq. km by the city 54,000 city, total journeys 210 millions Primary health care: Educational structure: Land 185 sq. km Out-patient visits total 2.7 mill. % of 15 years old and over Hotell guests (million) 1.4 green areas and parks 31% Labour market Port of Helsinki visits per inhabitant 4.8 with comprehensive school overnight stays, total 2.4 Population density Jobs 321,430 Total cargo traffic 10.9 mill.t Beds in health centre 2,398 certificate only 36.5 of which by foreigners 1.4 inhabitants per sq. km 3,000 primary production Share of total national per 1,000 inhabitants 4.3 with intermediate qualification 41.5 Hotells 44 Shorline 98 km (SIC A - B) 0.1 % imports of general cargo 40 % with university degree or eq. 22.0 number of rooms 6,974 Islands 315 processing Specialised medical care: number of beds 13,127 (SIC C - F) 14.2 % Telephone connections Out-patient visits total 0.6 mill Number of educational institutions Mean temperature in 2000 services per 100 inhabitants 75 visits per inhabitant 1.0 in Helsinki International congresses o whole year 7.2 C (SIC G - Q) 84.4 % Number of mobile phones Universities and university-level and events 108 o warmest month, july 17.1 C – trade, finance, transport per 100 inhabitants Social welfare institutions 7 participants 30,260 o coldest month, january, -2.2 C (SIC G - K) 48.0 % (in Finland) 58 Child day care: Vocational universities 6 – comminity services Number of Internet extensions places per 100 1– 6 years olds 67 Vocational training institutions 15 Population (SIC L - Q) 36.4 % per 1000 inhabitants Care for the elderly: Comprehensive schools and Total population 2000/2001 555,474 (in Finland) 107 Places in sheltered housing 3,339 upper secondary schools 188 Number of companies 31,144 per hundred 75 year Age groups Technical services olds and older 9.6 Culture and leisure 0-6 7.7 % Labour force (15 – 74 year olds) Energy supply Places at old-age City Library 7-15 8.6 % employed 289,100 Sales of electricity 7, 257 GWh homes 2,393 Book loans, mill. 9.2 16-64 70.2 % unemployed 19,000 Sales of district per hundred 75 year loans per inhabitant 16.5 65-74 7.2 % participation rate, % 72.1 heating 6, 537 GWh olds and older 6.8 75+ 6.3 % Degree of unemployment, % 6.2 The share of coal used in energy Museums 80 production is 35 % in 2000 Life expectancy 76.9 Recreation areas and men 73.1 Water supply parks, hectares 5 351 women 80.1 Sales of water 72.0 mill.m3 Recreational trails and Water consumption, jogging tracks, km 475 Finnish nationality 95.3 % litres per capita a day 220 Sports halls, swimming halls eq. 72 Other nationalities 4.7 % Treated waste water 98.9 mill. m3 Outdoor sports grounds eq. 395

Finnish-speaking 88.0 % Swedish-speaking 6.6 % Other languages 5.4 %

Household structure average size 1.9 1-member households 47 % >5-member households 3.5 % HKIvk2000Engl 15.5.2001 12:41 Sivu 24