Overview of Database Evolution and Elevation
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Demonstrate an Understanding of Computer Database Management Systems 114049
Demonstrate an understanding of Computer Database Management Systems 114049 PURPOSE OF THE UNIT STANDARD This unit standard is intended: To provide a fundamental knowledge of the areas covered For those working in, or entering the workplace in the area of Information Technology As additional knowledge for those wanting to understand the areas covered People credited with this unit standard are able to: Describe data management issues and how it is addressed by a DBMS. Describe commonly implemented features of commercial computer DBMS`s Describe different type of DBMS`s Review DBMS end-user tools The performance of all elements is to a standard that allows for further learning in this area. LEARNING ASSUMED TO BE IN PLACE AND RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING The credit value of this unit is based on a person having prior knowledge and skills to: Demonstrate an understanding of fundamental mathematics (at least NQF level 3). Demonstrate PC competency skills (End-User Computing unit Standards, at least up to NQF level 3) NC: IT: SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT AUTHOR: LEARNER MANUAL REL DATE: 27/01/2020 REV DATE: 01/01/2023 DOC REF: 48872 LM MOD 5 V-1 PAGE 50 INDEX Competence Requirements Page Unit Standard 114049 alignment index Here you will find the different outcomes explained which you need to be 52 proved competent in, in order to complete the Unit Standard 114049. Unit Standard 114049 54 Describe data management issues 57 Commonly implemented features of commercial database management systems 63 Different types of DBMS’s 67 Review DBMS end-user tools 73 Self-assessment Once you have completed all the questions after being facilitated, you need to check the progress you have made. -
L21: Data Models & Relational Algebra
L21: Data models & Relational Algebra CS3200 Database design (fa18 s2) https://northeastern-datalab.github.io/cs3200/ Version 11/26/2018 1 Announcements! • Exam 2 comments - Based on feedback: Separate "select all" and negative points • We may have "select all" again: but minimum points is 0 • We may have negative points again: but for MCQ only (select one single answer) • Please don't yet submit HW7 - We are adopting Gradescope to handle your submissions too! • Today - Exam 2 take-aways - Data models - Relational Algebra 2 Schedule 3 From 1 = Q3 to 11 = Q13 (thus add 2 to the number) 4 5 Grading from the "other side" 6 Q6 7 Q6 8 Q12 Answer: only the first! Also see post on Piazza: https://piazza.com/class/jj55fszwtpj7fx?cid=135 9 10 L21: A short history of data models Based on article "What goes around comes around", Hellerstein, Stonebraker, 2005. Several slides courtesy of Dan Suciu CS3200 Database design (fa18 s2) https://northeastern-datalab.github.io/cs3200/ Version 11/26/2018 11 Hierarchical data Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nested_set_model 12 Hierarchies are powerful, but can be misleading... 13 “Data Model” • Applications need to model real-world data - Typically includes entities and relationships between them - Entities: e.g. students, courses, products, clients - Relationships: e.g. course registrations, product purchases • A data model enables a user to define the data using high-level constructs without worrying about many low-level details of how data will be stored on disk 14 Levels of Abstraction schema as seen -
Data Definition Language
1 Structured Query Language SQL, or Structured Query Language is the most popular declarative language used to work with Relational Databases. Originally developed at IBM, it has been subsequently standard- ized by various standards bodies (ANSI, ISO), and extended by various corporations adding their own features (T-SQL, PL/SQL, etc.). There are two primary parts to SQL: The DDL and DML (& DCL). 2 DDL - Data Definition Language DDL is a standard subset of SQL that is used to define tables (database structure), and other metadata related things. The few basic commands include: CREATE DATABASE, CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, and ALTER TABLE. There are many other statements, but those are the ones most commonly used. 2.1 CREATE DATABASE Many database servers allow for the presence of many databases1. In order to create a database, a relatively standard command ‘CREATE DATABASE’ is used. The general format of the command is: CREATE DATABASE <database-name> ; The name can be pretty much anything; usually it shouldn’t have spaces (or those spaces have to be properly escaped). Some databases allow hyphens, and/or underscores in the name. The name is usually limited in size (some databases limit the name to 8 characters, others to 32—in other words, it depends on what database you use). 2.2 DROP DATABASE Just like there is a ‘create database’ there is also a ‘drop database’, which simply removes the database. Note that it doesn’t ask you for confirmation, and once you remove a database, it is gone forever2. DROP DATABASE <database-name> ; 2.3 CREATE TABLE Probably the most common DDL statement is ‘CREATE TABLE’. -
What Is Database? Types and Examples
What is database? Types and Examples Visit our site for more information: www.examplanning.com Facebook Page: https://www.facebook.com/examplanning10/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/examplanning10 TABLE OF CONTENTS Sr. Description 1 What is database? 2 Different definitions of database 3 Growth of Database 4 Elements of Database 5 Components of database 6 Database System Environment 7 Types of Databas 8 Characteristics of database 9 Advantages of Database 10 Disadvantages of Database What is Database? A database is a collection of information or data which are organized in such a way that it can be easily accessed, managed and retrieved. Database is abbreviated ad DB. Different definitions of database. “a usually large collection of data organized especially for rapid search and retrieval (as by a computer) an online database” (merriam-webster) “a comprehensive collection of related data organized for convenient access, generally in a computer.” (dictionary) A database is an organized collection of data. (Wikipedia) What is data? It is used as both singular and plural form. It can be a quantity, symbol or character on which operations are performed. Data is information which are converted into digital form. Growth of Database Database was evolved in 1960's started with the hierarchical database. Relational database was invented by EF Codd in 1970s while object oriented database was invented in 1980s. In 1990s object oriented database rose with the growth of object oriented programming languages. Nowadays, databases with SQL and NoSQL are popular. Elements of Database Database elements are fields, rows, columns, tables. All these are building blocks of database. -
Introduction to Database
ST. LAWRENCE HIGH SCHOOL A Jesuit Christian Minority Institution STUDY MATERIAL - 12 Subject: COMPUTER SCIENCE Class - 12 Chapter: DBMS Date: 01/08/2020 INTRODUCTION TO DATABASE What is Database? The database is a collection of inter-related data which is used to retrieve, insert and delete the data efficiently. It is also used to organize the data in the form of a table, schema, views, and reports, etc. For example: The college Database organizes the data about the admin, staff, students and faculty etc. Using the database, you can easily retrieve, insert, and delete the information. Database Management System Database management system is a software which is used to manage the database. For example: MySQL, Oracle, etc. are a very popular commercial database which is used in different applications. DBMS provides an interface to perform various operations like database creation, storing data in it, updating data, creating a table in the database and a lot more. It provides protection and security to the database. In the case of multiple users, it also maintains data consistency. DBMS allows users the following tasks: Data Definition: It is used for creation, modification, and removal of definition that defines the organization of data in the database. Data Updation: It is used for the insertion, modification, and deletion of the actual data in the database. Data Retrieval: It is used to retrieve the data from the database which can be used by applications for various purposes. User Administration: It is used for registering and monitoring users, maintain data integrity, enforcing data security, dealing with concurrency control, monitoring performance and recovering information corrupted by unexpected failure. -
Nosql: the New Normal
NoSQL: The New Normal Matt Asay (@mjasay) VP, Corporate Strategy, 10gen 10gen Overview 180+ employees 500+ customers Offices in New York, Palo Alto, Washington Over $81 million in funding DC, London, Dublin, Barcelona and Sydney 2 Global Community 3,800,000+ MongoDB Downloads 47,000+ Online Education Registrants 15,000+ MongoDB User Group Members 14,000+ MongoDB Monitoring Service Users (MMS) 10,000+ Annual MongoDB Days Attendees 3 the past… is prologue? Back to the Future? What has been will be again, what has been done will be done again; there is nothing new under the sun. (Ecclesiastes 1:9, NIV) 5 What Do You Remember about 1969? 6 nothing? hold that thought 7 Back to the Future: PreSQL • IBM’s IMS (1969) – Developed as part of the Apollo Project • IDS (Integrated Data Store), navigational database, 1973 • High performance but: – Forced developers to worry about both query design and schema design upfront – Made it hard to change anything mid-stream 8 Enter SQL • Designed to overcome “PreSQL” deficiencies – Decoupled query design from schema design – Allowed developers to focus on schema design – Could be confident that you could query the data as you wanted later • 30 years of dominance later… 9 …the present… RDBMS Is Like a Spreadsheet 11 With “Relations” Between Rows 12 Lots of relations. Lots of rows. 13 It Hides What You’re Really Doing 14 It Makes Development Hard Code XML Config DB Schema Object Relational Application Relational Mapping Database 15 And Makes Things Hard to Change New Table New Column New Table Name Pet Phone -
Grant Permissions on Schema
Grant Permissions On Schema When Barde rued his hillside carousing not vehemently enough, is Wallie sublimable? External or undulatory, Esme never jargonising any gorgoneion! Contumacious Lowell unzips her osculums so healingly that Radcliffe lessen very revivingly. In some environments, so sunset is exert a rank question. Changes apply to grant permission on database resource limits causes a user granted to prevent object within one future. Create on grant permission grants from. It on one permission is helping, permissions are done at once those already have to your experience with it. Enable resource group administration. We appoint or revoke permissions to interim principal using DCL Data Control Language Permission to a securable can be assigned to an. In SQL 2000 and previous versions granting someone drop TABLE. SummaryInstructions about granting Redshift cluster access and optionally. Run on schema permissions levels, create temporary tables to be granted permission for securables to sum up processes to groups of rows into the role itself? It checks permissions each plunge a cursor is opened. Oracle Role Privileges Mecenatetvit. If we did not grant schema? Other users can trim or execute objects within a user's schema after the. If you sister to grant permission to house any stored procedures but no tables you tend need to put rest in different schemas and grant permissions per schema. For example, to speak the WRITE privilege on an gain stage, as does dad give permission to justice it. Find a schema permissions granted. You typically grant object-level privileges to provide shape to objects needed to build an application The privileges are granted to the schema that maps to the. -
Short Type Questions and Answers on DBMS
BIJU PATNAIK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, ODISHA Short Type Questions and Answers on DBMS Prepared by, Dr. Subhendu Kumar Rath, BPUT, Odisha. DABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM SHORT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Prepared by Dr.Subhendu Kumar Rath, Dy. Registrar, BPUT. 1. What is database? A database is a logically coherent collection of data with some inherent meaning, representing some aspect of real world and which is designed, built and populated with data for a specific purpose. 2. What is DBMS? It is a collection of programs that enables user to create and maintain a database. In other words it is general-purpose software that provides the users with the processes of defining, constructing and manipulating the database for various applications. 3. What is a Database system? The database and DBMS software together is called as Database system. 4. What are the advantages of DBMS? 1. Redundancy is controlled. 2. Unauthorised access is restricted. 3. Providing multiple user interfaces. 4. Enforcing integrity constraints. 5. Providing backup and recovery. 5. What are the disadvantage in File Processing System? 1. Data redundancy and inconsistency. 2. Difficult in accessing data. 3. Data isolation. 4. Data integrity. 5. Concurrent access is not possible. 6. Security Problems. 6. Describe the three levels of data abstraction? The are three levels of abstraction: 1. Physical level: The lowest level of abstraction describes how data are stored. 2. Logical level: The next higher level of abstraction, describes what data are stored in database and what relationship among those data. 3. View level: The highest level of abstraction describes only part of entire database. -
Nosql and TRADITIONAL DATABASE INTEGRATION: CASE STUDY PROJECT BDIC-DM
Ciências Exatas e da Terra - Ciência da Computação - Sistemas de Computação - Arquitetura de Sistemas de Computação (Ciência da Computação) NoSQL AND TRADITIONAL DATABASE INTEGRATION: CASE STUDY PROJECT BDIC-DM Ramiro Tadeu Wisnieski 1 Data de entrega dos originais à redação em: 12/08/2016 e recebido para diagramação em: 20/04/2018 This article describes the procedures involved in integrating a NoSQL database with a traditional one. These procedures were implemented in an academic project context of agile development, entitled Big Data, Internet of Things and Mobile Devices (BDIC-DM in Portuguese). This project was conceived in the first half of 2015 at Aeronautics Institute of Technology (ITA). As a requirement for the effectiveness of the mission, the implementation of an e-commerce system to manage transactions involving large volumes of data (Big Data), a number of different technologies were used. Among these tools the ones that stand out are those involving the generation, storage and consumption of large volumes of data. As a starting point for some features of Real Time Transactional Processing (OLTP - Online Transactional Processing) system, the traditional Database Management System (DBMS) MySQL was used along with the DBMS NoSQL Cassandra to store the portal purchase data. As for the batch data analysis (OLAP - Online Analytical Processing) Apache Hadoop Ecosystem was used. An infrastructure based on the Apache Sqoop tool allowed the export of data from traditional relational database to the HDFS(Hadoop File System). Keywords: Big Data. Cassandra. Iintegration. MySQL. NoSQL. I. INTRODUCTION system makes use of relationships between different With the recent rise of Big Data worldwide, it entities, attributes and records. -
Cs6302 Database Management System Two Marks Unit I Introduction to Dbms
CS6302 DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM TWO MARKS UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO DBMS 1. Who is a DBA? What are the responsibilities of a DBA? April/May-2011 A database administrator (short form DBA) is a person responsible for the design, implementation, maintenance and repair of an organization's database. They are also known by the titles Database Coordinator or Database Programmer, and is closely related to the Database Analyst, Database Modeller, Programmer Analyst, and Systems Manager. The role includes the development and design of database strategies, monitoring and improving database performance and capacity, and planning for future expansion requirements. They may also plan, co-ordinate and implement security measures to safeguard the database 2. What is a data model? List the types of data model used. April/May-2011 A database model is the theoretical foundation of a database and fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized, and manipulated in a database system. It thereby defines the infrastructure offered by a particular database system. The most popular example of a database model is the relational model. types of data model used Hierarchical model Network model Relational model Entity-relationship Object-relational model Object model 3.Define database management system. Database management system (DBMS) is a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access those data. 4.What is data base management system? A database management system (DBMS) is a software package with computer programs that control the creation, maintenance, and the use of a database. It allows organizations to conveniently develop databases for various applications by database administrators (DBAs) and other specialists. -
Graph-Based Source Code Analysis of Dynamically Typed Languages
Budapest University of Technology and Economics Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Department of Measurement and Information Systems Graph-Based Source Code Analysis of Dynamically Typed Languages Scientific Students’ Association Report Author: Dániel Stein Supervisors: Gábor Szárnyas Ádám Lippai Dávid Honfi 2016 ii Contents Contents ii Kivonat v Abstract vi 1 Introduction1 1.1 Context.......................................... 1 1.2 Problem Statement................................... 2 1.3 Objectives and Contributions............................. 2 1.4 Structure of the Report................................. 3 2 Preliminaries4 2.1 JavaScript......................................... 4 2.1.1 From Glue Language to a Full-Fledged Language............ 4 2.1.2 ECMAScript .................................. 4 2.2 Static Analysis...................................... 5 2.2.1 Use Cases.................................... 6 2.2.2 Advantages and Disadvantages....................... 6 2.2.3 Source Code Processing and Analysis................... 7 2.3 Handling Large Interconnected Data ........................ 12 2.3.1 On Graph Computing............................. 12 2.3.2 Evaluating Queries on a Data Structure.................. 14 2.3.3 Graph Databases ............................... 15 2.4 Integrated Development Environment (IDE).................... 17 2.4.1 Visual Studio Code .............................. 17 2.4.2 Alternative IDEs................................ 18 3 Related Work 19 3.1 Tern........................................... -
444 Difference Between Sql and Nosql Databases
International Journal of Management, IT & Engineering Vol. 8 Issue 6, June 2018, ISSN: 2249-0558 Impact Factor: 7.119 Journal Homepage: http://www.ijmra.us, Email: [email protected] Double-Blind Peer Reviewed Refereed Open Access International Journal - Included in the International Serial Directories Indexed & Listed at: Ulrich's Periodicals Directory ©, U.S.A., Open J-Gage as well as in Cabell’s Directories of Publishing Opportunities, U.S.A Difference between SQL and NoSQL Databases Kalyan Sudhakar* Abstract This article explores the various differences between SQL and NoSQL databases. It begins by giving brief descriptions of both SQL and NoSQL databases and then discussing the various pros and cos of each database type. This article also examines the applicability differences between the two database types. Structured Query Language (SQL) refers to a domain-specific or standardized programming language used by database designers in designing and managing relational SQL databases or controlling data stored in RDSMS (relational database management system). The scope of SQL database encompasses data query, data definition (creation and modification of schema), data manipulation (inserting, deleting, and updating), as well as control of data access. NoSQL databases are non-relational and can exist together with relational databases. NoSQL databases are most suitable for use in applications that involve large amounts of data, and the data can either be unstructured, structured, or semi- structured. SQL databases have been the most widely used databases in the world over the years. However, it is the requirements that drive data models, which in turns, influence the choice between SQL and NoSQL databases.