ORIGINAL ARTICLE Bali Medical Journal (Bali MedJ) 2021, Volume 10, Number 2: 733-736 P-ISSN.2089-1180, E-ISSN: 2302-2914 Effect of watching autonomous sensory meridian response (AMR) video to heart rate,

Published by Bali Medical Journal blood pressure and respiratory rate in students of Architectural Engineering, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

Ratna Idayati1, Liesa Sufani2, Dian Adi Syahputra3*

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Vital signs are important physiological signs of the body. Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) is an experience of calm and tingles, a tingling sensation like electricity radiating from the head and neck, which affects the autonomic nervous system. This study aims to determine heart rate changes, blood pressure, and respiratory rate before and 1Physiology Department Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda after watching the ASMR video. Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; Methods: Double-blind pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample consisted of 30 2Undergraduate Student Faculty of students who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. All samples were asked to rest for 30 minutes before treatment and Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda then watch the ASMR video for 3 minutes. Heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate data were calculated before and Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; after treatment. The data analysis was carried out using the Wilcoxon test. 3Pediatric Surgery Division, Department Results: Vital sign data of all samples before treatment were obtained within normal limits. After watching the ASMR video, of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, the results of data analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed that there were significant differences in heart rate (p = 0.013), Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, systolic blood pressure (p = 0.026), and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.00) after watching the ASMR video. While the p-value Aceh, Indonesia; on the respiratory rate data is 0.349 which means there is no significant difference in the respiratory rate after watching the ASMR video. *Corresponding author: Dian Adi Syahputra; Conclusion: In this study, evidence has been obtained that watching ASMR videos can reduce heart rate and blood pressure. Pediatric Surgery Division, Department However, the respiratory rate did not give significant results because several factors. More research is needed to determine of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, the exact effects of watching ASMR videos. Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia; [email protected] Keywords: autonomous sensory meridian response, vital sign, autonomic nervous system, oxytocin. Cite This Article: Idayati, R., Sufani, L., Syahputra, D.A. 2021. Effect of watching autonomous sensory meridian response Received: 2021-03-25 (AMR) video to heart rate, blood pressure and respiratory rate in students of Architectural Engineering, Universitas Syiah Accepted: 2021-07-26 Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Bali Medical Journal 10(2): 733-736. DOI: 10.15562/bmj.v10i2.2338 Published: 2021-08-11

INTRODUCTION tingling sensation like electricity radiating closely related to hormonal changes from the head and neck. The spread of that affect brain function. One of the Vital signs are an important part of the these sensations can culminate in the positive hormones that greatly affects body, which is useful for informing a peripheral parts of the body. ASMR brain function is the hormone oxytocin.4 person’s general state. Three of these are experiences are caused by a stimulus or Oxytocin itself has been shown to have heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory 1 trigger which is usually an audio-visual a role in providing an anxiolytic effect rate. Some medical conditions such as stimulus. ASMR has been experienced by or as a sedative.5 Changes in nervous , stress, and are often humans since they were young. However, system activity induced by oxytocin can accompanied by changes in heart rate the sensations that are felt are difficult to lower a person’s heart rate resulting in a values, blood pressure, and respiratory identify so that most people do not realize feeling of calm. In addition, increasing rate. Therefore, controlling heart rate, that they have known and experienced parasympathetic nerve activity can also blood pressure, and respiratory rate is very 3 2 ASMR before. reduce a person’s blood pressure and beneficial in some medical conditions. Several previous studies have respiratory rate.5,6 Autonomous Sensory Meridian concluded that ASMR videos can help Based on the above, we are interested Response (ASMR) is an experience in relieve symptoms of anxiety, depression, in knowing the effect of watching ASMR which a person feels calm and tingling, a and insomnia. These conditions are videos on blood pressure and respiratory

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rate. watching in a sitting position. units of bpm by observing volunteers b. ASMR Video in one minute. METHODS The content of ASMR videos can vary d. Data analysis according to the scenario desired by the The data analysis of this research was This research is a double-blind pre- video creator. In general, ASMR videos carried out using SPSS version 25.0 experimental study with a one-group utilize 4 types of dominant triggers, 9Armonk Corporation, NY, USA). pretest-posttest design. This research was namely whispers, special treatment Paired sample T-test was used to conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, roleplay, crisp sound, and slow compare vital sign parameters before Syiah Kuala University in August 2020. movements.4 This study used ASMR and after ASMR video exposure, if The sample in this study were students video with a duration of 3 minutes with data were not normally distributed of the Faculty of Architectural Engineering, triggers in the form of special treatment Wilcoxon Signed Rank test will be Syiah Kuala University aged 18-21 years, roleplay as an intervention. The video used. All values considered significant who were not currently taking medicine is shown for 3 minutes via a 6.3-inch if p<0.05. (cardiovascular drugs, psychotropic smartphone with a resolution of 2280 × drugs, analgesics, antipyretics, antibiotics, 1080 megapixels. The video used can be RESULTS and diuretics) in the last 48 hours and were downloaded via the link https://www. not active smokers. Because the research Data were collected on 30 students .com/watch?v=mdGleunr- was conducted during the COVID-19 (15 male and 15 female) with. The age qo&t=19s pandemic, the number of samples was distribution of the samples is shown in c. Data collection before and after determined by total sampling, only Table 1. treatment students in Banda Aceh alone. After resting for 30 minutes, sample Blood pressure measurements a. The sample preparation before vital signs were measured before watching were carried out by fourth-year treatment the ASMR video (Table 2). ASMR video medical students using a mercury All samples were asked to take a rest was provided by the researcher according sphygmomanometer. Heart rate is for 30 minutes before treatment. The to the link mentioned. After watching calculated using a fingertip pulse sample will watch the ASMR video in for 3 minutes, the measurement results oximeter. As for the respiratory rate, a room installed with air conditioning are obtained as in Table 2. In Table 2, it the respiratory rate is calculated in measuring 3x3 meters. The samples are is found that all vital signs of the sample before treatment are within normal limits according to age. After watching the ASMR Table 1. Sample Characteristics video, it was found that all vital signs except for the respiratory rate decreased. Characteristics Male Female Total (n) And it is also in accordance with statistical 18 years old 1 6 7 analysis with the Wilcoxon test where 7 5 heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and 19 years old 12 2 2 diastolic blood pressure have a value of 20 years old 4 p<0.05. 21 years old 5 2 7 Total 15 15 30

Table 2. Comparison of vital signs before and after watching ASMR

Minimum Rate Maximum Rate Mean Standard Deviation p-value

Heart Rate Before 61 103 78.03 10.549 0.013 After 57 97 74.27 12.230 Systolic Blood Pressure Before 100 122 115.33 6.310 0.026 After 100 120 113.57 7.248 Diastolic Blood Pressure Before 59 100 75.63 8.088 0.00 After 50 100 66.90 9.813 Respiratory Rate Before 11 25 16.73 3.841 0.349 After 12 28 17.23 3.794

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DISCUSSION rate and 13 samples experienced a Medicine, Syiah Kuala University/Dr. decrease in respiratory rate. There is a Zainoel Abidin, Indonesia with number This study involved samples in the age condition in which increased activity of 131/EA/FK-RSUDZA/2020. range 18-21 years, where the characteristics the parasympathetic nervous system can of the vital sign data obtained in this also cause airway constriction. Airway AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION study showed normal vital sign values ​​for constriction can cause the respiratory rate All authors have an important role in that age group. Normal blood pressure to increase as compensation for the body the concept, research design, and data for adults over 18 years of age is 120/80 to deliver sufficient oxygen to the organs analysis. Ratna Idayati and Dian Adi mmHg and normal heart rate in adults that need it.12 This response can be seen Syahputra prepared the manuscript until ranges from 60-100 bpm. In addition, the in 16 samples after watching the ASMR the final revision. Liesa Sufani collected respiratory rate can also decrease with video. The difference on both sides of the samples and prepared treatments for all age. In adults, the normal respiratory sample respiration rate after watching the 7-9 samples. rate ranges from 16-20 bpm. Results of ASMR video can occur due to different analysis of heart rate and blood pressure physiological reactions of the samples. The REFERENCE data obtained p-value <0.05, which means researcher also believes that the research that there is a significant difference in is adjacent to the anatomy practicum 1. Sanei S, Jarchi D, Constantinides AG. heart rate after watching ASMR videos. room, which may smell the formaldehyde. Body Sensor Networking, Design, and st After watching the ASMR videos, the Formalin is a compound that can irritate Algorithms. 1 ed. 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