Index

active resistance 10–12, 50–56, 59–69, egalitarianism 9, 19–20, 57, 59, 62, 94, 74–77, 99, 105, 121–22, 125 96, 111 activism 15, 23, 30, 36–43, 45–46, 52, Emerging Church 117 59, 76–77, 89–90, 121–22, 124 Enlightenment 17, 19, 40, 104 agency, women’s 9–11, 62, 76, 121 Evangelical 7, 9–13, 51, 117 aggunot 21, 30, 106 Evangelicalism 9, 81, 117 Ashkenaz 40 Evangelical feminist 11 authority, religious 4–5, 23, 61, 103–9, 115, 123 faith 3, 5, 117 autonomy 7, 106, 126 feminist agenda 25, 91, 98–99, 127 bat mitzvah 67, 84 challenge 21, 25, 68, 117 black feminism 14 change 21, 59, 76, 105, 121 boundary 51, 103, 124 Jewish writings 84–85 work 10 identity 14, 27, 41–44, 83–89, 91–92, symbolic 9 122 label 12–13, 15, 27, 31, 37, 41, 81, Carlebach, Shlomo 73 91–93, 98, 123 Catholicism 7, 11–12, 51, 81 post- 81 Christianity 9–10, 112 sensibilities 9, 13, 46, 81, 82, 84, 87, coming of age 87–89 125, 126 compartmentalization 12, 51, 88 Fishman, Syliva 13, 88 conflict 11, 13, 41, 63, 71–72, 74, 91, 112, freedom, religious 63, 114 123 Fried, Nurit 35 Conservadox 111 fundamentalism 6–8, 24, 99, 106, 118, 20–22, 28–29, 52, 127 61, 69, 85, 104, 110–15, 123, 125 conservative religion vii–ix, 7–13, 19, Gallagher, Sally 9, 13, 27 27, 38, 50–51, 55–56, 59, 61–62, 65, gender 76–77, 81, 84, 87, 103, 105, 110, 121–22, consciousness 13–14 124 discrimination 81, 88 continuity, religious 7, 110 dynamics 110, 115 conversion 11, 106 equality 19–20, 24, 31–32, 96 converts 10–12 norms 9, 10, 22, 38, 49, 50, 56, 91, counter-hegemonic 117, 123 discourse 64 roles 8–11, 19–20, 55, 62–63, 84, 127 group 60, 62, 63, 67 gendered discourse 103, 105, 121 Gilligan, Carol 95–96 denominationalism 17, 104–6, 111, Glaser and Strauss 27 113– 16 Gorski, Philip 4 divorce 21n, 35, 96 Greenberg, Blu 24–25, 85 grounded theory 27–28 education, religious 22, 44, 49, 82, 83 educational institution 125 halacha 18, 21, 23–24, 34, 50, 57, 70–72 educational initiative 127, 128 halachic discourse 22, 36, 71–72 148 index haredi 17, 35, 95, 118, 127. See also New Age 5 Ultra-Orthodox. Ner-David, Haviva 73 haredization 8, 24, 118, 127 34, 72 Hartman Institute 127 Hartman, David 113, 127 ordination of women, rabbinic 10, 20, Hartman, Tova 13, 22, 58, 60, 61, 95, 105 69–77 Hatam Hasofer 17 Conservative 20–21, 28, 112 Henkin, Chana 34, 37 Orthodox feminism viii, ix, 22–25, 27, 31, hierarchy 23, 42–43, 61, 64, 69, 105–106 33, 37, 56, 58, 61, 66, 74, 77, 81, 84–91, Hirsch, Samson Raphael 17 93–96, 98–99, 103–105, 107, 115, 117–18, Hurwitz, Sara 73–75 124, 128. hybridity 103–6, 110–13, 118–19 10, 12, 19, 21, 104, 110 Hyman 18–19 modern Orthodox vii, 11, 13, 17, 18, 20–23, 30, 39, 40, 45, 49, 56–58, ideology 94, 104, 113 61, 64, 69, 73, 74, 76, 84, 88, 95, individualization of religion 5–6 99, 104–6, 109, 111, 113, 115–16, 122, Ingersoll, Julie 11, 27 126–27 Islam 9, 11, 15, 22–23. See also Muslim ultra-Orthodox 17–19, 62–63, 104, 106. feminism in 11, 15, 22–23 See also Haredi 17–19, 22, 31–35, 39, 52, 57, 62, 71, 104, 106–107, 112, 114, 121–122, 126 paradigm Israeli society 63, 127 passive resistance 9, 11, 77, 122 secularization 4–5 JOFA (Jewish Orthodox Feminist ­Alliance) of modernity 105 24–25 passive resistance 9–12, 37, 50, 52–53, Judaism. See Conservative Judaism; 55–56, 62–66, 73, 75–77, 121–22, 124–25 ­Orthodox Judaism; . patriarchy 12, 91, 123–24 Pelech 127 kadish 65, 89–90 Pieterse, Jan Nederveen 103, 110 Kandiyoti 10, 121 pluralism 4–5, 18, 103, 108, 113–15, 118–19, Kehat, Hana 24–25, 30–32, 63, 70, 86, 123–28 90, 125 politics 7, 19, 62–63, 91, 106 24, 30–32, 37–38, 44–45, 52, 58, posek 23, 35, 70 70, 74, 85–87, 90, 107, 128 poskot 42, 69–72 Koren, Irit 13, 23 post-denominational 73, 111. See also Post-Orthodoxy. Leibowitz, Yeshayahu 19 post-Evangelical 117 Liebman, Charles 18, 24, 126 post-Orthodoxy 104, 115, 116–17, 124–25 Lorberbaum, Menachem 116–117 pragmatic egalitarianism 9, 12 Protestantism 7, 12 73–74 see also rabba public prayer See Kadish. See synagogue Manning, Christel 12, 27, 51 ritual. See WOW. marriage 35, 96 ritual 13, 23 Rabba 74–75 mechitza 32–33, 49, 53–54, 56, 59–60 rabbi 31, 35, 39, 42, 50–53, 57–58, 67–72, middle age 40, 87, 88, 90, 122, 123 107–9 Midrashiya 127 woman 10, 42, 69, 70, 74, 76, 126. See Midreshet Lindenbaum 35 also ordination of women, rabbinic minyan 20, 49, 57–58, 65, 73, 111 rabbinical leadership 21, 60, 108 modern world 3, 8, 17, 127 Rabbinate 35, 106 modernity 5–8, 17, 104–5 Reform Judaism/ movement 7, 17, 20–22, anti- 6, 8 58, 61, 69, 85, 104, 113, 114–15 motherhood 95–96 religious mothers 13, 18 change 5, 10–11, 18, 21, 78, 103, 121 Muslim 9, 11, 15. See also Islam identity 114–115