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Medical Disorders in Pregnancy FOGSI FOCUS Medical Disorders in Pregnancy FOGSI FOCUS Medical Disorders in Pregnancy Editor-in-Chief Jaideep Malhotra MD FRCOG FRCPI FICS (Obs & Gyn) (FICMCH FIAJAGO FMAS FICOG MASRM FICMU FIUMB) Professor Dubrovnik International University Dubrovnik, Croatia Managing Director ART-Rainbow IVF Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India President FOGSI–2018 Co-Editors MC Patel MB DGO LLM Gynecologist and Medicolegal Counsellor Niru Maternity and Nursing Home Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India Vice President, FOGSI-2018 Narendra Malhotra MD FICMCH FICOG FICS FMAS FRCOG AFIAPM Vice President, World Association Perinatal Medicine President, ISPAT Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India Foreword Rohit Bhatt The Health Sciences Publisher New Delhi | London | Panama Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd Headquarters Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 4838/24, Ansari Road, Daryaganj New Delhi 110 002, India Phone: +91-11-43574357 Fax: +91-11-43574314 Email: [email protected] 1XGTUGCU1HſEGU J.P. Medical Ltd Jaypee-Highlights Medical Publishers Inc 83 Victoria Street, London City of Knowledge, Bld. 237, Clayton SW1H 0HW (UK) Panama City, Panama Phone: +44 20 3170 8910 Phone: +1 507-301-0496 Fax: +44 (0)20 3008 6180 Fax: +1 507-301-0499 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd 17/1-B Babar Road, Block-B, Shaymali Bhotahity, Kathmandu Mohammadpur, Dhaka-1207 Nepal Bangladesh Phone: +977-9741283608 Mobile: +08801912003485 Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] Website: www.jaypeebrothers.com Website: www.jaypeedigital.com © 2018, Federation of Obstetric and Gynaecological Societies of India (FOGSI) 2018 The views and opinions expressed in this book are solely those of the original contributor(s)/author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of editor(s) of the book. All rights reserved. No part of this publication and Interactive DVD-ROM may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission in writing of the publishers. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. Medical knowledge and practice change constantly. This book is designed to provide accurate, authoritative information about the subject matter in question. However, readers are advised to check the most current information available on procedures included and check information from the manufacturer of each product to be administered, to verify the recommended dose, formula, method and duration of administration, adverse effects and contraindications. It is the responsibility of the practitioner to take all appropriate safety precautions. Neither the publisher nor the author(s)/editor(s) assume any liability for any injury and/or damage to persons or property arising from or related to use of material in this book. This book is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in providing professional medical services. If such advice or services are required, the services of a competent medical professional should be sought. Every effort has been made where necessary to contact holders of copyright to obtain permission to reproduce copyright material. If CP[JCXGDGGPKPCFXGTVGPVN[QXGTNQQMGFVJGRWDNKUJGTYKNNDGRNGCUGFVQOCMGVJGPGEGUUCT[CTTCPIGOGPVUCVVJGſTUVQRRQTVWPKV[ The CD/DVD-ROM (if any) provided in the sealed envelope with this book is complimentary and free of cost. Not meant for sale. Inquiries for bulk sales may be solicited at: [email protected] FOGSI FOCUS Medical Disorders in Pregnancy / Jaideep Malhotra, MC Patel, Narendra Malhotra First Edition: 2018 ISBN: 978-93-5270-454-5 Printed at Contributors Editor-in-Chief Jaideep Malhotra MD FRCOG FRCPI FICS (Obs & Gyn) (FICMCH FIAJAGO FMAS FICOG MASRM FICMU FIUMB) Professor Dubrovnik International University Dubrovnik, Croatia Managing Director ART-Rainbow IVF Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India President FOGSI–2018 Co-Editors MC Patel MB DGO LLM Narendra Malhotra MD FICMCH FICOG Gynecologist and Medicolegal FICS FMAS FRCOG AFIAPM Counsellor Vice President, World Association Niru Maternity and Nursing Home Perinatal Medicine Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India President, ISPAT Vice President, FOGSI-2018 Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India Contributing Authors Mausumi D Banerjee DGO DNB (G & O) Venus Bansal MS FICOG Subhash C Biswas MD FICOG FMAS MNAMS FICOG FIAOG Senior Consultant and Head FIMSA FIAGO Consultant Gynecologist Department of Obstetrics and Professor and Unit Head Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Gynecology Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics ESI Hospital SPS Hospitals The Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research Kolkata, West Bengal, India Ludhiana, Punjab, India Kolkata, West Bengal, India Medical Disorders in Pregnancy Hrishikesh Dadhich MBBS Kusum Lata MD DNB Rajat Ray MD FICOG Ian Donald Dip in House Officer Assistant Professor Ultrasound Dip in Gynec Endoscopy Arogya Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Associate Professor Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India Pandit BD Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Sciences Hi-Tech Medical College Rekha Dadhich MS Rohtak, Haryana, India Rourkela, Odisha, India Consultant Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dolly Mehra MS Indrani Roy MD Seven Hills Hospital Consultant and High Risk Pregnancy Senior Consultant and Head Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India Specialist Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Nazareth Hospital Ritu Dargan MD PGDMLS Mehra Nursing Home Shillong, Meghalaya, India Consultant Obstetrician and Gynecologist Ratlam, Madhya Pradesh, India Integra Speciality Clinics Rajasi K Sengupta MD DNB Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Charu Mittal MD DNB Consultant Obstetrician-Gynecologist Consultant Gynecologist Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sasmita Dash MD Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sengupta Hospital and Research Institute Chief Medical Officer/Regional Sahara Hospital Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Medical Officer Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India GM Medical Bhushan Shrikhande MBBS Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pratima Mittal MD FICOG FICMCH Clinical Associate, Shrikhande Hospital and PGDHHM Dhanwantari Hospital Research Centre Pvt. Ltd. Karimnagar, Telangana, India Professor and Head Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Hemant Deshpande MD Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Laxmi Shrikhande MD FICOG FICMCH Safdarjung Hospital FICMU Professor and Head New Delhi, India Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Director, Shrikhande Fertility Clinic Dr DY Patil Medical College Nagpur, Maharashtra, India DGO FICMCH Pune, Maharashtra, India Alka A Mukherjee Director Beenu K Singh MD DNB FICOG Narendra K Gajjar MD DGO Mukherjee Multispecialty Hospital Associate Professor and Unit Head Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Private Practitioner Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Ashirwad Hospital Shyam Shah Medical College MD DGO Navsari, Gujarat, India Dasari Paapa Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, India Head Shehla Jamal DGO DNB Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Monika Singh MBBS Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Assistant Professor Second Year Resident Education and Research Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Puducherry, India School of Medical Sciences and Research Institute of Medical Sciences Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India Banaras Hindu University Kiran Pandey MD FICOG Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India Jayam Kannan MD DGO Professor and Head DGO MD FICOG FICMCH Professor Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Savita R Singhal Gharbbha Rakshambigai Fertility Centre Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical Senior Professor and Unit Head Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India College Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India Pandit BD Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Vipul D Kapadia MD DGO DFP FCPS Medical Sciences FICOG Uma Pandey MD FRCOG Rohtak, Haryana, India Director Associate Professor Ramaben Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Jyotsna Suri MD Navsari, Gujarat, India Institute of Medical Sciences Professor, Department of Obstetrics and Namaha Multispeciality Healthcare Banaras Hindu University Gynecology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India College and Safdarjung Hospital New Delhi, India Pavika Lal MD Moushmi Parpillewar (Tadas) DGO DNB Lecturer Associate Professor Archana Verma MD Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Consultant Gynecologist Medical College Government Medical College and Hospital Archana Nursing Home vi Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India Message Jaideep Malhotra MD FRCOG FRCPI FICS (Obs & Gyn) (FICMCH FIAJAGO FMAS FICOG MASRM FICMU FIUMB) Professor Dubrovnik International University Dubrovnik, Croatia Managing Director ART-Rainbow IVF Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India President, FOGSI–2018 Dear FOGSIANS, Greetings, There is an increasing trend of multiple pregnancies especially with assisted reproductive technology and though pregnancy is a physiological state it can be complicated by many medical and surgical disorders. Physiological changes occurring during pregnancy are
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