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Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice

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Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice/ Association canadienne des infirmières et infirmiers en santé communautaire First published October 2003 Edited and translated March 2008 Community Health Nurses Acknowledgements Association of Canada The Community Health Nurses Association of Canada gratefully acknowledges the funders of the standards development project: The Community Health Nurses Association of Canada (CHNAC) is a voluntary national association of community • Alberta Community Health Nurses Association health nurses structured as a federation of participating provincial • Canadian Nurses Association and territorial community health nursing interest groups. • Community Health Nurses Initiatives Group of the CHNAC is a recognized Associate Member of the Canadian Registered Nurses' Association of Ontario Nurses Association and participates in all the rights and • ParaMed Health Care Services obligations that this recognition allows. • Public Health, New Brunswick Department of Health and Wellness Mission Statement • Saint Elizabeth Health Care • University of Victoria School of Nursing The Community Health Nurses Association of Canada, as a • Victorian Order of Nurses (Canada) federation of provincial and territorial community health nurses interest groups, provides a unified voice to represent and promote community health nursing and the health of communities. CHNAC gratefully acknowledges the expertise of graphic designer Judy Lalonde, Barrie, Ontario, whose talent has refined and enhanced the design of the conceptual model for these standards. Canadian Community Health Nursing CHNAC also extends its deep thanks and appreciation to Joyce Standards of Practice Fox, RN, BScN, MHS, former President of the Community Health Nurses Initiatives Group of the Registered Nurses’ First published October 2003 Association of Ontario, former member of the CHNAC Revised March 2008 executive, and Director, Healthy Living Service, Simcoe County District Health Unit, Barrie, Ontario. Joyce’s content expertise To obtain additional copies of this document or for further and comprehensive editorial review has significantly strengthened information about community health nursing, please contact and enriched this document. CHNAC. This document is also available for downloading from the CHNAC website. Community Health Nurses Association of Canada 1185 Eglinton Avenue East - Suite 10, • Toronto, Ontario • M3C 3C6 Phone: 416 426-7029 • Fax: 416 426-7280 • Email: [email protected] www.c ommunityhealthnursesc anada. org Funding for this publication was provided by the Public Health Agency of Canada. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Public Health Agency of Canada. Commercial or for-profit redistribution of this document in part or in whole is prohibited except with the written consent of CHNAC. Permission is granted to reproduce this document for personal or educational use. Please recognize CHNAC. © Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice (Revised 2008) ISBN 978-0-9733774-2-2 Community Health Nursing Standards Committee (2003) Maureen Best, RN, BN, MEd Jo-Ann MacDonald, BScN, MN Director, Community Health Services Assistant Professor, School of Nursing, Calgary Health Region, Calgary, Alberta University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Ed- ward Island Claire Betker, RN, MN Director, Public Health Mary Martin-Smith, BScN, RN* Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Winnipeg, Manitoba Public Health Nursing Consultant, Population Health Branch Saskatchewan Health, Regina, Saskatchewan Shelley Corvino, BScN, IBCLC Public Health Nursing Orientation Coordinator Beth McGinnis, RN, MEd, MN Winnipeg Regional Health Authority, Winnipeg, Manitoba Project Manager, Public Health New Brunswick Department of Health and Wellness, Elizabeth (Liz) Diem, RN, PhD* Fredericton, New Brunswick School of Nursing University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario Donna Meagher-Stewart, PhD, RN* Associate Professor, School of Nursing Rosemarie Goodyear, BN, MSA Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia Assistant Executive Director, Child, Youth and Family Programs Health and Community Services Central Region Barbara Mildon, RN, MN, CHE* Chair, Community Health Nursing Standards Committee Rosemary Graham, RN, BScN, MN President, Community Health Nurses Association of Canada Nurse Practitioner-In-Charge, Dawson Community Health Vice-President, Nursing Leadership, Saint Elizabeth Health Centre Department of Health and Social Services, Government Care, Markham, Ontario of Yukon, Dawson City, Yukon Shirley Sterlinger, RN, BScN* Barbara Harvey Public Health Nurse Department of Health and Social Services Burnaby, British Columbia Government of Nunavut, Kugluktuk, Nunavut *Member of the Synthesis & Evaluation Subcommittee Judith Lapierre, RN, PhD Université du Québec à Hull, Gatineau, Québec Contents Overview . 5 About this document . 5 Developing standards for community health nursing . 5 Purpose of these standards . 5 Community Health Nursing . 6 Mission . 6 Values and beliefs . 6 Home health and public health nursing . 8 The Canadian Community Health Nursing Practice Model . 9 Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice . 10 Standard 1 – Promoting health . 10 a) Health promotion . 10 b) Prevention and health protection . 11 c) Health maintenance, restoration and palliation . 11 Standard 2 – Building individual and community capacity . 12 Standard 3 – Building relationships . 13 Standard 4 – Facilitating access and equity . 13 Standard 5 – Demonstrating professional responsibility and accountability . 14 Supporting Material Definitions . 16 References . 18 Bibliography . 19 Overview The Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice Association accepted the standards and designated community represent a vision for excellence in community health nursing. health nursing as a speciality practice in 2004. The standards define community health nursing practice and set out the professional expectations for community health nurses. Purpose of these standards They apply to community health nurses working in practice, education, administration or research. They set a benchmark A key characteristic of a self-regulating profession like nursing is for new community health nurses and become basic practice the development of standards of practice based on the values of expectations after two years of experience. the profession. Practice standards describe the knowledge, skills, judgment and attitudes needed to practice nursing safely. They About this document represent the desirable and achievable levels of performance expected of nurses in their practice and provide criteria for Designed to support community health nursing practice, this document measuring actual performance (College of Nurses of Ontario, 2002). • summarizes the development and purpose of community Every nurse is accountable for the fundamental knowledge and health nursing standards expectations of basic nursing practice regardless of their practice • describes community health nursing and its mission, values focus or setting. These standards expand upon generic nursing and beliefs, and practice focus areas of home health and public practice expectations and identify the practice principles and health nursing variations specific to community health nursing practice. While • provides a framework for community health nursing practice nurses with varied levels of preparation may practice in the in the Canadian Community Health Nursing Practice Model community setting, these standards apply specifically to the • presents the five standards of practice and indicators showing practice of registered nurses. how community health nurses apply these standards • lists definitions and sources The Canadian Community Health Nursing Standards of Practice • define the scope and depth of community nursing practice Developing standards for • establish criteria or expectations for acceptable nursing practice and safe, ethical care community health nursing • support ongoing development of community health nursing • promote community health nursing as a specialty The Community Health Nurses Association of Canada (CHNAC) • provide the foundation for certification of community health led the development of national practice standards for community nursing as a specialty by the Canadian Nurses Association health nursing. CHNAC is the national voice for community • inspire excellence in and commitment to community nursing health nurses in Canada and an associate group of the Canadian practice Nurses Association. Since 1987 CHNAC has advanced the work and values of Canada's community health nurses with an emphasis All community health nurses are expected to know and use these on public health and home health practice. standards when working in any of the areas of practice, education, administration or research. Nurses in clinical practice will use the Previously there were no national standards for community health standards to guide and evaluate their own practice. Nursing nursing, although at least one province had developed its own educators will include the standards in course curricula to prepare standards (the 1985 Ontario standards, now out of print). The new graduates for practice in community settings. Nurse Canadian Public Health Association’s 1990 booklet Community administrators will use them to direct policy and guide performance Health – Public
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