Analysis of the Open Cluster NGC 2281
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On the Metallicity of Open Clusters II. Spectroscopy
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. OCMetPaper2 c ESO 2013 November 12, 2013 On the metallicity of open clusters II. Spectroscopy U. Heiter1, C. Soubiran2, M. Netopil3, and E. Paunzen4 1 Institutionen för fysik och astronomi, Uppsala universitet, Box 516, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden e-mail: [email protected] 2 Université Bordeaux 1, CNRS, Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Bordeaux UMR 5804, BP 89, 33270 Floirac, France 3 Institut für Astrophysik der Universität Wien, Türkenschanzstrasse 17, 1180 Wien, Austria 4 Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Masaryk University, Kotlárskᡠ267/2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic Received 29 August 2013 / Accepted 20 October 2013 ABSTRACT Context. Open clusters are an important tool for studying the chemical evolution of the Galactic disk. Metallicity estimates are available for about ten percent of the currently known open clusters. These metallicities are based on widely differing methods, however, which introduces unknown systematic effects. Aims. In a series of three papers, we investigate the current status of published metallicities for open clusters that were derived from a variety of photometric and spectroscopic methods. The current article focuses on spectroscopic methods. The aim is to compile a comprehensive set of clusters with the most reliable metallicities from high-resolution spectroscopic studies. This set of metallicities will be the basis for a calibration of metallicities from different methods. Methods. The literature was searched for [Fe/H] estimates of individual member stars of open clusters based on the analysis of high-resolution spectra. For comparison, we also compiled [Fe/H] estimates based on spectra with low and intermediate resolution. -
UBVRI-KC Photometry of NGC~ 2323 and NGC~ 2539 Open Clusters
J. Astrophys. Astr. (0000) 000: #### DOI UBV(RI)KC Photometry of NGC 2323 and NGC 2539 Open Clusters Inci˙ Akkaya Oralhan1,*, Raul´ Michel2, William J. Schuster2,Yuksel¨ Karatas¸3,Yonca Karslı1 and Carlos Chavarr´ıa2 1Erciyes University, Astronomy and Space Science Observatory, TR-38039, Kayseri, Turkey 2Observatorio Astronomico Nacional, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico,´ Apartado Postal 106, C.P. 22800, Ensenada, B.C., Mexico.´ 3Department of Astronomy and Space Sciences, Science Faculty, Istanbul University, 34119, Istanbul, Turkey. *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] MS received ?? ?? 2019; accepted ?? ?? 2019 Abstract. The open clusters NGC 2323 and NGC 2539 have been analysed using CCD UBV(RI)KC photo- metric data, observed at the San Pedro Martir´ Observatory. Cluster memberships have been determined with the proper motion and parallax measures from the GaiaDR2 astrometric data release. Photometric metal and heavy element abundances have been obtained as ([M=H]; Z) = (−0:10; 0:012) (NGC 2323) and (−0:31; 0:007) (NGC 2539), from the δ(U–B) technique in the two colour diagrams, which are used to select the appropriate PARSEC isochrones. The estimated reddening of NGC 2323 is E(B-V)=0.23±0.04 using 11 early type stars. For NGC 2539, we find E(B-V)= 0.02±0.06. For (B–V) colour, distance moduli and distances for NGC 2323 and NGC 2539 are de- rived as (V0–MV, d (pc)) = (10.00±0.10, 1000±50) and (V0–MV, d (pc)) = (10.00±0.04, 1000±20), respectively. The median GaiaDR2 distance d=1000±140 pc ($=0.998±0.136 mas) for the likely members of NGC 2323 is in concordance with its four colour photometric distances 910–1000 pc. -
Open Cluster NGC 188 Explored with Astrosat 9 December 2020, by Tomasz Nowakowski
Open cluster NGC 188 explored with AstroSat 9 December 2020, by Tomasz Nowakowski Discovered in 1825, NGC 188 is an open cluster in the constellation Cepheus, located some 5,400 light years away from the Earth. It has a solar metallicity, a radius of about 11.8 light years, reddening at a level of 0.036, and its age is estimated to be 7 billion years. It is one of the oldest and well studied OCs in our galaxy. In order to learn more about the member stars of NGC 188, a team of astronomers led by Sharmila Rani of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics in Bengaluru, India, has performed a photometric study of this cluster with the main goal of identifying its ultraviolet-bright stars. For this purpose, they used AstroSat's Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope (UVIT). "In this study, we present the results of the UV UVIT image of NGC 188 obtained by combining images imaging of the NGC 188 in two FUV [far-ultraviolet] in NUV (N279N) and FUV (F148W) channels. Yellow and one NUV [near-ultraviolet] ?lters using UVIT on and blue color corresponds to NUV and FUV detections, AstroSat. We characterize the UV bright stars respectively. Credit: Rani et al., 2020. identi?ed in this cluster by analysing SEDs [spectral energy distributions] to throw light on their formation and evolution," the astronomers wrote in the paper. Indian researchers have carried out ultraviolet photometric observations of an old open cluster FUV observations detected hot and bright blue known as NGC 188. Results of the study, straggler stars (BSSs), one hot subdwarf, and one conducted with the AstroSat spacecraft, provide white dwarf candidate. -
Winter Constellations
Winter Constellations *Orion *Canis Major *Monoceros *Canis Minor *Gemini *Auriga *Taurus *Eradinus *Lepus *Monoceros *Cancer *Lynx *Ursa Major *Ursa Minor *Draco *Camelopardalis *Cassiopeia *Cepheus *Andromeda *Perseus *Lacerta *Pegasus *Triangulum *Aries *Pisces *Cetus *Leo (rising) *Hydra (rising) *Canes Venatici (rising) Orion--Myth: Orion, the great hunter. In one myth, Orion boasted he would kill all the wild animals on the earth. But, the earth goddess Gaia, who was the protector of all animals, produced a gigantic scorpion, whose body was so heavily encased that Orion was unable to pierce through the armour, and was himself stung to death. His companion Artemis was greatly saddened and arranged for Orion to be immortalised among the stars. Scorpius, the scorpion, was placed on the opposite side of the sky so that Orion would never be hurt by it again. To this day, Orion is never seen in the sky at the same time as Scorpius. DSO’s ● ***M42 “Orion Nebula” (Neb) with Trapezium A stellar nursery where new stars are being born, perhaps a thousand stars. These are immense clouds of interstellar gas and dust collapse inward to form stars, mainly of ionized hydrogen which gives off the red glow so dominant, and also ionized greenish oxygen gas. The youngest stars may be less than 300,000 years old, even as young as 10,000 years old (compared to the Sun, 4.6 billion years old). 1300 ly. 1 ● *M43--(Neb) “De Marin’s Nebula” The star-forming “comma-shaped” region connected to the Orion Nebula. ● *M78--(Neb) Hard to see. A star-forming region connected to the Orion Nebula. -
Arxiv:1606.06587V1 [Astro-Ph.SR] 21 Jun 2016 Rpitsbitdt Elsevier to Submitted Preprint Sn MS Aao.W Bandtecutrsdsac Fro Distance Cluster’S the Obtained We Catalog
2MASS photometry and kinematical studies of open cluster NGC 188 W. H. Elsanhourya,b1, A. A. Haroona,c, N. V. Chupinad, S. V. Vereshchagind, Devesh P. Sariyae2, R. K. S. Yadav f , Ing-Guey Jiange aAstronomy Department, National Research Institute of Astronomy and Geophysics (NRIAG) 11421, Helwan, Cairo, Egypt bPhysics Department, Faculty of Science, Northern Border University, Rafha Branch, Saudi Arabia cAstronomy Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia dInstitute of Astronomy Russian Academy of Sciences (INASAN),48 Pyatnitskaya st., Moscow, Russia eDepartment of Physics and Institute of Astronomy, National Tsing Hua University, Hsin-Chu, Taiwan f Aryabhatta Research Institute of observational sciencES (ARIES), Manora Peak Nainital 263 002, India. Abstract In this paper, we present our results for the photometric and kinematical studies of old open cluster NGC 188. We determined various astrophysical parameters like limited radius, core and tidal radii, distance, luminosity and mass functions, total mass, relaxation time etc. for the cluster using 2MASS catalog. We obtained the cluster’s distance from the Sun as 1721 41 pc and log (age)= 9.85 0.05 at Solar metallicity. The relaxation time of the cluster is smaller± than the estimated cluster± age which suggests that the cluster is dynamically relaxed. Our results agree with the values mentioned in the literature. We also determined the clusters apex coordinates as (281◦.88, 44◦.76) using AD-diagram method. Other kinematical parameters like space velocity components,− cluster center and elements of Solar motion etc. have also been computed. Keywords: Open clusters- Color-magnitude diagram- Kinematics- AD diagram 1. -
Taurus Stars Membership in the Pleiades Open Cluster
Taurus stars membership in the Pleiades open cluster Tadross, A. L., Hanna, M. A., Awadalla, N. S. National Research Institute of Astronomy & Geophysics, NRIAG, 11421 Helwan, Cairo, Egypt ABSTRACT In this paper, we study the characteristics and physical properties of the young open cluster Pleiades using Near Infra-Red, JHK pass bands. Our results have been compared with those found in new optical UBV observations. The membership validity of some variable binary stars, which are Located in Taurus constellation, and their relation with Pleiades cluster have been achieved. 1. INTRODUCTION Pleiades and Hyades are the most famous star clusters in Northern Hemisphere which can be seen by the naked eye in the constellation Taurus the bull. The star cluster surrounding Aldebaran (the eye of the bull) is the Hyades. Pleiades (NGC 1432; M45; Melotte 22; Seven Sisters) is more famous than Hyades because it is more compact cluster and easy seen, higher in the sky (~ 10 degrees from Aldebaran), see Fig 1. Pleiades is located at J (2000) α = 03h: 47m: 24s; δ = +24o: 07’: 12’’; G. long. = 166.642o and G. lat. = -23.457o. The distance to the Pleiades is an important first step in the so- called cosmic distance ladder, a sequence of distance scales for the whole universe. The optical photometry catalogs of Webda and Dais refer to Pleiades as a rich young cluster located at 135-150 pcs away from Earth. In optically observations, Pleiades covers a diameter of about 110 arcmin on the sky; its core and tidal radii are about 33 and 330 arcmins respectively. -
The Outermost Hii Regions of Nearby Galaxies
THE OUTERMOST HII REGIONS OF NEARBY GALAXIES by Jessica K. Werk A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Astronomy and Astrophysics) in The University of Michigan 2010 Doctoral Committee: Professor Mario L. Mateo, Co-Chair Associate Professor Mary E. Putman, Co-Chair, Columbia University Professor Fred C. Adams Professor Lee W. Hartmann Associate Professor Marion S. Oey Professor Gerhardt R. Meurer, University of Western Australia Jessica K. Werk Copyright c 2010 All Rights Reserved To Mom and Dad, for all your love and encouragement while I was taking up space. ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I owe a deep debt of gratitude to a long list of individuals, institutions, and substances that have seen me through the last six years of graduate school. My first undergraduate advisor in Astronomy, Kathryn Johnston, was also my first Astronomy Professor. She piqued my interest in the subject from day one with her enthusiasm and knowledge. I don’t doubt that I would be studying something far less interesting if it weren’t for her. John Salzer, my next and last undergraduate advisor, not only taught me so much about observing and organization, but also is responsible for convincing me to go on in Astronomy. Were it not for John, I’d probably be making a lot more money right now doing something totally mind-numbing and soul-crushing. And Laura Chomiuk, a fellow Wesleyan Astronomy Alumnus, has been there for me through everything − problem sets and personal heartbreak alike. To know her as a friend, goat-lover, and scientist has meant so much to me over the last 10 years, that confining my gratitude to these couple sentences just seems wrong. -
A Case Study of the Galactic H Ii Region M17 and Environs: Implications for the Galactic Star Formation Rate
A Case Study of the Galactic H ii Region M17 and Environs: Implications for the Galactic Star Formation Rate by Matthew Samuel Povich A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Astronomy) at the University of Wisconsin – Madison 2009 ii Abstract Determinations of star formation rates (SFRs) in the Milky Way and other galaxies are fundamentally based on diffuse emission tracers of ionized gas, such as optical/near-infrared recombination lines, far- infrared continuum, and thermal radio continuum, that are sensitive only to massive OB stars. OB stars dominate the ionization of H II regions, yet they make up <1% of young stellar populations. SFRs therefore depend upon large extrapolations over the stellar initial mass function (IMF). The primary goal of this Thesis is to obtain a detailed census of the young stellar population associated with a bright Galactic H II region and to compare the resulting star formation history with global SFR tracers. The main SFR tracer considered is infrared continuum, since it can be used to derive SFRs in both the Galactic and extragalactic cases. I focus this study on M17, one of the nearest giant H II regions to the Sun (d =2.1kpc),fortwo reasons: (1) M17 is bright enough to serve as an analog of observable extragalactic star formation regions, and (2) M17 is associated with a giant molecular cloud complex, ∼100 pc in extent. The M17 complex is a significant star-forming structure on the Galactic scale, with a complicated star formation history. This study is multiwavelength in nature, but it is based upon broadband mid-infrared images from the Spitzer/GLIMPSE survey and complementary infrared Galactic plane surveys. -
Batc 15 Band Photometry of the Open Cluster Ngc
The Astronomical Journal, 150:61 (8pp), 2015 August doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/2/61 © 2015. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. BATC 15 BAND PHOTOMETRY OF THE OPEN CLUSTER NGC 188 Jiaxin Wang1,2, Jun Ma1, Zhenyu Wu1, Song Wang1, and Xu Zhou1 1 Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China; [email protected] 2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10039, China Received 2015 April 2; accepted 2015 June 23; published 2015 July 24 ABSTRACT This paper presents CCD multicolor photometry for the old open cluster NGC 188. The observations were carried out as part of the Beijing–Arizona–Taiwan–Connecticut Multicolor Sky Survey from 1995 February to 2008 March, using 15 intermediate-band filters covering 3000–10000 Å. By fitting the Padova theoretical isochrones to our data, the fundamental parameters of this cluster are derived: an age of t =7.5 0.5 Gyr, a distance modulus of (mM-=)0 11.17 0.08, and a reddening of E (BV-= ) 0.036 0.010. The radial surface density profile of NGC 188 is obtained using the star count. By fitting the King model, the structural parameters of NGC 188 are derived: a core radius of Rc =¢3.80, a tidal radius of Rt =¢44.78, and a concentration parameter of a C0 ==log(RRtc ) 1.07. Fitting the mass function (MF) to a power-law function f ()mmµ , the slopes of the MFs for different spatial regions are derived. We find that NGC 188 presents a slope break in the MF. -
New Infrared Star Clusters and Candidates in the Galaxy Detected with 2MASS
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. (will be inserted by hand later) New infrared star clusters and candidates in the Galaxy detected with 2MASS C.M. Dutra1,2 and E. Bica1 1 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, IF, CP 15051, Porto Alegre 91501–970, RS, Brazil 2 Instituto Astronomico e Geofisico da USP, CP 3386, S˜ao Paulo 01060-970, SP, Brazil Received ; accepted Abstract. A sample of 42 new infrared star clusters, stellar groups and candidates was found throughout the Galaxy in the 2MASS J, H and especially KS Atlases. In the Cygnus X region 19 new clusters, stellar groups and candidates were found as compared to 6 such objects in the previous literature. Colour-Magnitude Diagrams using the 2MASS Point Source Catalogue provided preliminary distance estimates in the range 1.0 < d⊙ < 1.8 kpc for 7 Cygnus X clusters. Towards the central parts of the Galaxy 7 new IR clusters and candidates were found as compared to 61 previous objects. A search for prominent dark nebulae in KS was also carried out in the central bulge area. We report 5 dark nebulae, 2 of them are candidates for molecular clouds able to generate massive star clusters near the Nucleus, such as the Arches and Quintuplet clusters. Key words. (Galaxy): open clusters and associations: individual 1. Introduction objects. Despite a systematic search for faint clusters on the Palomar plates like that generating the Berkeley clus- The digital Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) ters (Setteducati & Weaver 1962), or the individual lists infrared atlas (Skrutskie et al. 1997 – web inter- which generated the ESO catalogue (Lauberts 1982 and face http://www.ipac.caltech.edu/2mass/) can provide a references therein), until quite recently new star clusters wealth of new objects for future studies with large tele- and candidates both on the Palomar and ESO/SERC scopes, a role similar to that played in the optical by the Schmidt plates could still be found (e.g. -
Komplexní Studium Otevřené Hvězdokupy NGC 2281. Diplomová Práce
MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV TEORETICKÉ FYZIKY A ASTROFYZIKY Diplomová práce BRNO 2016 JAROSLAV VELČOVSKÝ MASARYKOVA UNIVERZITA PŘÍRODOVĚDECKÁ FAKULTA ÚSTAV TEORETICKÉ FYZIKY A ASTROFYZIKY Komplexní studium otevřené hvězdokupy NGC 2281 Diplomová práce Jaroslav Velčovský Vedoucí práce: RNDr. Jan Janík, Ph.D. Brno 2016 Bibliografický záznam Autor: Bc. Jaroslav Velčovský Přírodovědecká fakulta, Masarykova univerzita Ústav teoretické fyziky a astrofyziky Název práce: Komplexní studium otevřené hvězdokupy NGC 2281 Studijní program: Fyzika Studijní obor: Teoretická fyzika a astrofyzika Vedoucí práce: RNDr. Jan Janík, Ph.D. Akademický rok: 2015/16 Počet stran: xi + 90 Klíčová slova: Otevřená hvězdokupa; NGC 2281; Astrometrie; CCD fotometrie; Spektroskopie; Komplexní studie Bibliographic Entry Author: Bc. Jaroslav Velčovský Faculty of Science, Masaryk University Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics Title of Thesis: Complex study of the open cluster NGC 2281 Degree Programme: Physics Field of Study: Theoretical physics and astrophysics Supervisor: RNDr. Jan Janík, Ph.D. Academic Year: 2015/16 Number of Pages: xi + 90 Keywords: Open cluster; NGC 2281; Astrometry; CCD photometry; Spectroscopy; Complex study Abstrakt Tato diplomová práce se věnuje komplexní studii otevřené hvězdokupy NGC 2281. Práce obsahuje několik tradičních i neobvyklých metod pro studii otevřených hvězdokup. V práci je kladen důraz na komplexnost propojením dílčích výsledků. Pomocí převzatých astrometrických dat byl proveden morfologický a dynamický rozbor hvězdokupy. Z naměřených spektroskopických dat byly určeny některé obecné parametry pro celou hvězdokupu. Za použití vlastní absolutní CCD fotometrie a výsledků z astro- metrické a spektroskopické studie byly nalezeny zbylé parametry hvězdokupy. Nalezené parametry byly porovnány s hodnotami z předchozích studií. Abstract This diploma thesis deals with complex study of the open cluster NGC 2281. -
Stellar Chromospheric Activity and Age Relation from Open Clusters in the LAMOST Survey
Publications 12-12-2019 Stellar Chromospheric Activity and Age Relation from Open Clusters in the LAMOST Survey Jiajun Zhang University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Terry Oswalt Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, [email protected] Jingkun Zhao University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangsong Fang National Astronomical Observatories Gang Zhao Chinese Academy of Sciences, See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/publication Part of the Stars, Interstellar Medium and the Galaxy Commons Scholarly Commons Citation Zhang, J., Oswalt, T., Zhao, J., Fang, X., Zhao, G., Liang, X., Ye, X., & Zhong, J. (2019). Stellar Chromospheric Activity and Age Relation from Open Clusters in the LAMOST Survey. The Astrophysical Journal, 887(1). Retrieved from https://commons.erau.edu/publication/1383 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Publications by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Authors Jiajun Zhang, Terry Oswalt, Jingkun Zhao, Xiangsong Fang, Gang Zhao, Xilong Liang, Xianhao Ye, and Jing Zhong This article is available at Scholarly Commons: https://commons.erau.edu/publication/1383 Draft version October 1, 2019 Typeset using LATEX default style in AASTeX62 Stellar chromospheric activity and age relation from open clusters in the LAMOST Survey Jiajun Zhang,1, 2 Jingkun Zhao,1 Terry D. Oswalt,3 Xiangsong Fang,4, 5 Gang Zhao,1, 2 Xilong Liang,1, 2 Xianhao Ye,1, 2 and Jing Zhong6 1Key Laboratory of Optical Astronomy, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.