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Nonprofit Organization U.S.Postage Paid Skidmore College O ffice of A d m i s s i o n s Skidmore College Skidmore 815 North Broadway Saratoga Springs New York 12866-1632 College Catalogue

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College Calendar ...... 3 Government ...... 114 History of Skidmore College ...... 4 History...... 117 Skidmore College Today ...... 6 International Affairs ...... 120 The Academic Environment...... 10 Law and Society ...... 122 Academic and Cocurricular Facilities ...... 19 Mathematics ...... 122 The Cocurricular Environment ...... 22 Music ...... 125 Admission ...... 28 Philosophy ...... 128 Fees and Expenses ...... 33 Physics ...... 129 Financial Aid ...... 37 Psychology ...... 130 Academic Requirements and Regulations ...... 46 Religion ...... 132 Academic Standards and Review ...... 51 Social Work ...... 134 Degree Programs ...... 57 Sociology ...... 135 Theater ...... 138 Courses of Study Women’s Studies ...... 140 Liberal Studies ...... 58 Interdepartmental Majors ...... 142 Interdisciplinary ...... 69 Self-Determined Major ...... 145 American Studies ...... 70 Preparation for Professions and Affiliated ...... Programs ...... 146 Anthropology ...... 73 Study Abroad Programs ...... 149 Art (Studio) ...... 75 Higher Education Opportunity Program ...... 149 Art History ...... 77 Asian Studies ...... 80 Enrollment Statistics ...... 150 Biology ...... 82 Board of Trustees ...... 151 Business ...... 85 Faculty ...... 152 Chemistry ...... 88 Administration ...... 161 Classics ...... 90 Alumni Association ...... 161 Computer Science ...... 91 Map of the Campus ...... 162 Dance ...... 92 Directory of Offices and Academic Departments .... 164 Economics ...... 94 Statements of Policies and Procedures ...... 165 Education ...... 96 English ...... 98 Index ...... 167 Environmental Studies ...... 103 Exercise Science...... 104 Foreign Languages and Literatures ...... 106 Geology ...... 112 2 College Calendar 1999-2000

SUMMER SESSIONS 1999 June 1-July 2 ...... Session I July 5-August 5 ...... Session II

FALL SEMESTER 1999 September 5 ...... Sunday...... New students arrive September 6 ...... Monday ...... Returning students arrive September 8 ...... Wednesday ...... Classes begin September 20 ...... Monday ...... Yom Kippur (no classes) October 15-17 ...... Friday-Sunday ...... Family Weekend October 22 ...... Friday ...... Study day November 24-28 ...... Wednesday-Sunday...... Thanksgiving break December 11-12 ...... Saturday-Sunday ...... Study days December 13 ...... Monday ...... Classes end December 14-15 ...... Tuesday-Wednesday ...... Study days December 16-22 ...... Thursday-Wednesday ...... Final exams December 23 ...... Thursday ...... Fall semester ends

SPRING SEMESTER 2000 January 20 ...... Thursday ...... New students arrive January 22 ...... Saturday ...... Returning students arrive January 24 ...... Monday ...... Classes begin March 11-19 ...... Saturday-Sunday ...... Spring vacation April 20 ...... Thursday ...... *Passover April 23 ...... Sunday...... Easter May 2...... Tuesday ...... Classes end May 3-7 ...... Wednesday-Sunday...... Study days May 8-12 ...... Monday-Friday ...... Final exams May 13...... Saturday ...... Spring semester ends May 13-19 ...... Saturday-Friday...... Senior Week May 20...... Saturday ...... Commencement

3 History of Skidmore College

An independent, liberal-arts institution with an Henry T. Moore, Skidmore’s second president, arrived enrollment of approximately 2,100 men and women, in 1925 from the chairmanship of the Dartmouth Skidmore was founded by Lucy Skidmore Scribner. College psychology department, ready to take on the challenge of developing the young college both In 1903 Mrs. Scribner, responding to what she saw as an academically and physically. His thirty-two-year absence of practical educational opportunity for women presidency brought the College to a position of in Saratoga Springs, opened the Young Women’s leadership in women’s education. Under his tenure, Industrial Club of Saratoga. With a few teachers and a academic programs were developed and refined, and an handful of promising students, she initiated classes in excellent faculty recruited. A library, infirmary, residence the fine and practical arts, which were designed to give halls, and dining halls were built, and further property young women the means to make a living while learning acquisitions allowed for enrollment growth, as old to appreciate the more aesthetic experiences in life. homes became student dormitories, and carriage houses Mrs. Scribner, who had been widowed only four years became classrooms, studios, and laboratories. Even more after her 1875 marriage to J. Blair Scribner (the eldest significant than his administrative and financial abilities son of Charles Scribner, founder of the publishing was his influence on a generation of Skidmore students company bearing his name), had arrived in Saratoga in whom he inspired to intellectual and creative achieve- 1900 from New York City hoping to improve her failing ment. The young college had grown to an enrollment of health through the famous spa’s invigorating air and more than 1,100 by his retirement in 1957. medicinal waters. The treatment was apparently effec- Val H. Wilson, formerly of Colorado Women’s College, tive, and she joined the city as a permanent resident. became Skidmore’s third president that year, bringing Her inherent concern for others soon brought about the with him buoyant enthusiasm, boundless energy, and an establishment of the industrial club, which rapidly informal style that further personalized the Skidmore developed into a thriving enterprise, chartered in 1911 community. He concentrated on strengthening the by the New York Board of Regents as the Skidmore faculty and academic programs, initiated inroads in the School of Arts. The school was named for Mrs. creation of interdepartmental offerings, and encouraged Scribner’s father, Joseph Russell Skidmore, the elder son more and more students to enter graduate school. of Jeremiah Skidmore, a New York City coal merchant. Under Dr. Wilson, Skidmore’s growth strained its Sensing the promise of the young institution, Mrs. campus at the seams. Enrollment had risen to 1,300, Scribner sought a new president with the educational and many of the turn-of-the-century buildings were vision and prominence to direct its development. With growing obsolete, requiring increased maintenance and the help of Columbia University President Nicholas renovation. The adequacy of the physical plant also was Murray Butler, she recruited Charles Henry Keyes, a threatened by the loss of fifty acres of athletic fields to a well-known educator from Teachers College, as new superhighway as Interstate 87 worked its way Skidmore’s first president. His vision and energy proved northward. as effective as Mrs. Scribner had hoped, giving the It was at this critical time in Skidmore’s history that a school the momentum it needed. In 1922 Dr. Keyes generous gift brought about a courageous decision by fulfilled his avowed ambition of having the school the Skidmore College Board of Trustees. Board member chartered as Skidmore College, a four-year degree- J. Erik Jonsson and his wife, Margaret, offered an granting institution. alternative to the difficulties of maintaining and In addition to developing a liberal arts curriculum that restoring the campus. The Jonssons donated sufficient became the basis for Skidmore’s present curriculum, Dr. funds to purchase a 650-acre tract on the outskirts of the Keyes pioneered the formation of a baccalaureate city — a tract Mrs. Scribner had sought fifty years nursing program and began the more active shaping of a earlier — and challenged the board to begin the campus. By the time of his death in 1925, Dr. Keyes had construction of a completely new campus for the played a key role in acquiring several of the Victorian College. In a historic move many now believe was the mansions overlooking Congress Park, which began to only hope for Skidmore’s continued health and survival, give the College a more precise physical identity. the board voted October 28, 1961, to purchase the land and begin the construction of what is now known as the Jonsson Campus.

4 By the time his tenure was cut short by his sudden death constructed an outdoor athletic complex, upgraded in 1964, Dr. Wilson saw construction begin on the Lucy computer and telecommunications capabilities, built an Scribner Library and on the first residential and dining addition to the Sports and Recreation Center, and complex. expanded Dana Science Center. In addition, Dr. Porter helped lead the largest fundraising effort in Skidmore’s Joseph C. Palamountain Jr., Skidmore’s fourth history, the Skidmore Journey: A Campaign for Our president, took office in July 1965. A political scientist Second Century, launched in 1993. The five-year with a doctorate from Harvard, Dr. Palamountain came campaign surpassed its goal of $78 million by raising to Skidmore from Wesleyan University, where he was $86.5 million, enabling the College to substantially provost. He guided Skidmore through a period of increase its endowment and providing funds for the dynamic growth and change. Under his leadership, the Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery, for which development of the College’s new physical plant construction began in spring 1999. progressed rapidly. Currently, the Jonsson Campus has a total of forty-eight buildings, the newest being the Dana Skidmore’s sixth president, Jamienne S. Studley, took Science Center annex, which opened in 1996. office in June 1999. A graduate of Barnard College and Harvard Law School, she was associate dean of Yale Dr. Palamountain’s twenty-two-year presidency was Law School for five years. She came to the College from characterized by impressive growth in the academic and the United States Department of Education, where as financial areas of the College. Skidmore experienced the deputy and then general counsel from 1993-99 she was doubling of the student body and major increases in involved in elementary, secondary, and postsecondary applications, the near doubling of the faculty, the policy and legal issues (including student financial aid transition from a women’s college to a coeducational and access to college and civil rights) and initiatives to institution, and the creation of the first external degree enhance public participation and departmental program in New York State (University Without Walls). management. During his presidency there were two innovative curriculum changes and the chartering of a Phi Beta There has been a continuity of purpose underlying the Kappa chapter. The financial health of Skidmore was change and growth at Skidmore. The College has bolstered by growth in the endowment and in the consistently espoused the goal of liberal education as the College’s net worth, due in part to the launching of the best means of preparing for a life of continuing personal $25-million Celebration Campaign in 1985. growth and of responsible and significant service to the community. The College’s programs, both those in the David H. Porter, the College’s fifth president, came to traditional liberal arts and those of a professional nature, Skidmore in 1987 from Carleton College, where he represent liberal education in their common pursuit of taught classics and music for twenty-five years and academic excellence and their concern with sensibilities, where he was interim president during 1986-87. Under values, and qualities that distinguish educated persons. his leadership, Skidmore successfully completed the final phase of the Celebration Campaign in 1988. Early in his presidency, Dr. Porter established a broad-based planning group, the Commission on the ’90s, to help chart Skidmore’s course to the twenty-first century. The commission recommended new institutional priorities for Skidmore, with an emphasis on enhancing the academic tone on campus, ensuring long-term financial stability, and promoting greater diversity within the campus community and curriculum. During the Porter presidency Skidmore launched an Honors Forum and a program of scholarships in science and mathematics. Dr. Porter led efforts at Skidmore, and participated in programs regionally and nationally, to increase minority participation in higher education. The campus landscape changed dramatically, as Skidmore renovated and expanded Scribner Library, 5 Skidmore College Today

Mission restored Victorian mansions, which attract students of art and architecture. The Saratoga Spa State Park, The principal mission of Skidmore College is the with its springs and mineral waters, is of more than education of predominantly full-time undergraduates, a recreational interest to biology students, and the wealth diverse population of talented students who are eager to of rock formations in the region brings geologists from engage actively in the learning process. The College around the world. The city’s convention facility brings seeks to prepare liberally educated graduates to continue conferences and exhibitions from across the state their quest for knowledge and to make the choices and nation. required of informed, responsible citizens. Skidmore faculty and staff create a challenging yet supportive With the growth over the past two decades of the environment that cultivates students’ intellectual and Saratoga Performing Arts Center, the city has greatly personal excellence, encouraging them to expand their increased its offerings as an important cultural center. expectations of themselves while they enrich their Located in the state park, SPAC is the summer home academic understanding. of the New York City Ballet and the Philadelphia Orchestra, as well the venue for top rock and jazz In keeping with the College’s founding principle of musicians. Distinguished theater companies and linking theoretical with applied learning, the Skidmore chamber music groups perform in SPAC’s Little curriculum balances a commitment to the liberal arts Theater. and sciences with preparation for professions, careers, and community leadership. Education in the classroom, Saratoga Springs is also known for the variety of its laboratory, and studio is enhanced by cocurricular and revitalized downtown area, a collection of shops, field experience opportunities of broad scope. restaurants, galleries, and coffeehouses with an appeal to people of virtually all interests. In 1996, the city was Underpinning the entire enterprise are the faculty’s honored with a “Great American Main Street Award” scholarly and creative interests, which inform their by the National Trust for Historic Preservation. teaching and contribute, in the largest sense, to the advancement of learning. The area’s historical tradition includes the Saratoga Battlefield, scene of the pivotal 1777 clash between the The College also embraces its responsibility as an Colonial and British armies that led directly to the end educational and cultural resource for alumni and for a of the American Revolution. Dozens of landmarks host of nontraditional student populations, and for celebrate the area’s role in American history. providing educational leadership in the Capital District and beyond. The Saratoga Historical Society and Walworth museums, housed in the Canfield Casino in Congress The Setting Park, feature exhibits and period rooms highlighting the city’s fascinating past. A lively city combining historical charm with modern culture and a cosmopolitan atmosphere, Saratoga The Campus Springs is a popular place among Skidmore students year round. Set in what was at the turn of the century a beautiful park of summer residences, Skidmore’s campus Ceded to the Dutch by the Indians in 1694, the city encompasses more than 850 acres of wooded land at the takes its name from the Indian “Saraghtoga” (place of northwest edge of Saratoga Springs. Land for the swift water). Its reputation as one of the world’s leading campus — now named the Jonsson Campus — was spas grew steadily through the nineteenth century, as it given to the College by Trustee J. Erik Jonsson and his increasingly became known as the home of the nation’s wife, Margaret, in the early 1960s, when it became oldest thoroughbred racetrack and social center for elite apparent that Skidmore was outgrowing its original society. Scribner Campus in downtown Saratoga Springs. Since Today Saratoga is best known as a resort, cultural, 1964, when ground was broken for the first new convention, and entertainment center revolving around structure on the Jonsson Campus, forty-eight buildings horse racing, outdoor recreation, classical and popular have been constructed on this site. While strikingly music, dance, and theater. The city is well known for its contemporary in architectural style, the campus

6 buildings honor human scale and reflect Skidmore’s Numbering 182 full-time, Skidmore’s teaching faculty Victorian heritage in numerous aesthetic details. represent some of the top graduate schools in the nation and the world. Over 95 percent of the Skidmore faculty Among the College’s newest construction projects are hold the Ph.D. or the highest degree in their field. the renovation and expansion of Scribner Library, completed in summer 1995, and the building of an Beyond their academic interests, the Skidmore faculty addition to Dana Science Center, completed in summer are known for taking a personal interest in their 1996. Construction began in spring 1999 of the Tang students, offering the added word of encouragement, the Teaching Museum and Art Gallery. extra time outside the classroom, or the open mind for questions — all of which contribute to the extra Carefully planned to preserve the natural beauty of the incentive a student needs. These attitudes have helped setting, the campus was designed to provide for both create a campus known for its warmth and sense of students and teachers a feeling of freedom and wide community. horizon. From the covered walkways uniting the residential, academic, and social centers on campus, the prevailing views are to the mountains, woods, and fields, The Academic Program and into the center campus “green.” Like other small, highly selective liberal arts colleges, The Jonsson Campus maintains the advantages of a Skidmore is firmly committed to providing men and small college where students and teachers meet often women with a superior education in the humanities, and informally and where academic resources are readily sciences, and social sciences. What sets Skidmore apart at hand. is its integration of the liberal arts with opportunities for intensive study in more career-specific fields such as the fine and performing arts, business, education, and social The Faculty work. This distinctive blend of the theoretical and the Skidmore’s size and its student-faculty ratio are two of practical makes Skidmore uniquely responsive to both the keys to creating an academic environment that student needs and those of the increasingly interdepen- fosters close associations and the exchange of ideas dent world we live in. among faculty and students. About 2,100 full-time Skidmore offers more than sixty degree programs, students bring an unusually wide range of academic and including majors in both traditional liberal arts cultural experiences to the campus, and a student-faculty disciplines and preprofessional areas. The curriculum’s ratio of 11:1 assures each student the chance for the flexibility allows students to pursue a double major or to close faculty attention that enhances the liberal arts major in one field and minor in another (an English experience. major with a business minor, for example). Some Teaching, at Skidmore, is not merely the imparting of students decide to pursue an interdepartmental major knowledge. It is the key to helping students develop combining two disciplines, and others design self- their abilities, talents, and values; to enriching them as determined majors. human beings; to integrating scholarship with career Facility with contemporary digital technologies and with goals; and to preparing them for lives of productive the retrieval and interpretation of information is fostered contribution to society and of continuous study and through a series of courses that incorporate computer inquiry. The abilities to think and analyze clearly, to resources in the learning process and through special express oneself effectively through speaking and writing, workshops. to discern and value excellence, and to serve society are the hallmarks of a Skidmore education. The internship program complements this flexibility through “exploratory” and “professional” learning The members of the Skidmore faculty are well known opportunities off campus. Students are encouraged to for the range of education, research, and experience they test their skills through internships in government, bring to the classroom. Though they are prolific in their industry, communications, and nonprofit organizations writing, productive in their research, and outstanding in at the local, state, and national levels. Many students their artistic endeavors, their emphasis is always on intern with alumni, who are generous with their time teaching, on translating that excellence of experience and support of the internship program. into meaningful learning for their students.

7 Beyond the Skidmore campus, students may take A Message to Skidmore Students from the advantage of courses offered at other Capital District President colleges through the Hudson-Mohawk Association of Colleges and Universities, which includes such You are holding an invitation to adventure. This volume contains the raw material from which you will craft your institutions as Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Union education and prepare for the decades and challenges College, and SUNY’s University at Albany. Cooperative programs include one in engineering with the Thayer ahead of you. School at Dartmouth College; a Washington Semester This catalogue reflects Skidmore College’s educational coordinated through American University; a semester at philosophy. Skidmore has a distinctive commitment to the Marine Biological Laboratories in Woods Hole; embracing education through what our founder, Lucy M.B.A. programs with Clarkson University and Skidmore Scribner, called “the mind and the hand.” Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; and an M.A.T. The dual strands of theory and practice are evident affiliation with Union College. throughout both our history and this catalogue. Skidmore strives to prepare our students for creative, The Office of International Programs organizes a wide effective, personal and public lives of continued range of opportunties abroad for students and faculty. The office provides administrative oversight for exploration. To achieve that goal you can find here the ingredients for a strong foundation in the liberal arts, Skidmore’s Paris and Madrid programs and provides innovative study of interdisciplinary connections, and support to other Skidmore programs abroad and Skidmore affiliations in many regions of the world. thoughtful preparation for the professions. The changes of our era demand that both the College The College operates under a semester calendar with and its students be imaginative, resilient, and well- fifteen-week fall and spring semesters. Skidmore’s summer program includes two five-week academic prepared. The College has adapted enthusiastically and creatively to change. Milestones in Skidmore’s history of sessions and other study options. bold choices include the 1960 decision to move from downtown Saratoga to a new campus and the 1971 decision to become coeducational. The College has also been immensely strengthened by the imaginative Liberal Studies curriculum developed in the 1980s and significant enhancements to the library, Dana Science Center, athletic facilities, and endowment in the 1990s. In April 1999 we broke ground for a spectacular architectural addition to the face of Skidmore: the Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery, the latest of our bold steps to enrich the learning experience and share Skidmore’s resources with the widest possible audience. Your personal challenge is to construct an education for a lifetime of change. The course offerings in this catalogue are your building blocks. Rich and exciting, they include formats that take advantage of the best of technology, collaborative research opportunities, practical experience, and independent work. Moreover, many of the lessons and rewards of your time at Skidmore will come from your engagement in cocur- ricular activities, residential life, athletics, and volunteer work. Thanks to student imagination and energy, these organizations and projects are thriving. From student government to the performing arts, from comedy and singing groups to social action and athletics, Skidmore’s vibrant and diverse activities contribute significantly to College life and learning. 8 The more independence, energy, and engagement you at Skidmore are engaged in such conversations among bring to your educational journey, the more you will get themselves and hope to share the excitement and from your years here. At the same time, many members challenges of contemporary discussions with you. of the Skidmore community are eager to help you chart We do not believe that you are here only to demonstrate your course. You can count on your teachers and faculty what you already know; rather, the aim of education advisors to challenge and guide you, to engage and encourage you, and ultimately to help you take respon- might better be expressed as the acquisition of the ability to question all that you have thought and believed to sibility for your education and your future. Department this point, all that you will discover at Skidmore, chairs, student services staff, and peer tutors can help you use the College’s rich resources to achieve your goals. and indeed all that you will encounter in the future. Thus, you will be challenged within and outside your I am eager to get to know you and hear about your classrooms — not so much to rehearse old information dreams, interests, concerns, and suggestions. As I learn and skills, as to learn to comprehend and evaluate the about Skidmore in this, my first year as president, I also new; to understand things in their local and global count on many of you to be my guides, interpreters, and contexts; and to recognize the interdependency of fellow explorers. Finally, I want to work with you and subject, object, and context. Beginning with courses in the rest of the Skidmore community to make this the the Liberal Studies program, your faculty will help most successful possible environment in which to learn, provide you with a sense of those contexts and with an live, and work. — Jamienne S. Studley understanding of the varying perspectives afforded by multi- and interdisciplinary study. Liberal Studies courses are specifically aimed at demonstrating the cross-disciplinary habits of mind you will need to acquire in order better to appreciate your major field of A Message to New Students from the study and to create coherence of your disparate Dean of the Faculty experiences in college and beyond — in other words, in If you are a new student about to begin your Skidmore order to understand the human experience in all its career, let me take this opportunity to welcome you to richness and complexity. what should be a college experience of great excitement Together with your cocurricular life, the more formal and pleasure, serious reflection and self-reflection, and learning environment of classroom, studio, laboratory, determined inquiry. Everyone at Skidmore is eager to or rehearsal hall will set you challenges and create provide the most conducive environment in which you confusions, will produce failures and successes alike, all may learn and grow. While, in the final analysis, you of which constitute a full college education. Your faculty alone can insure the quality of the education you receive, and advisors look forward to fostering your productive we are all prepared to offer you both warm support and confusion and uncertainty as well as to applauding your provocative challenges. increased confidence and ultimate success. I wish you You will find here a faculty committed to sharing with the most rewarding of experiences during your years at you the knowledge and methods of their disciplines, to Skidmore. — Phyllis A. Roth providing you the opportunity for applying interdisci- plinary perspectives to a host of issues, as well as to helping you understand how knowledge is acquired and how it can be tested. Moreover, you will be able to employ the latest information technologies to your searches for answers — and for new questions. Do not hesitate to question and seek assistance from the faculty in class or conference. You are particularly fortunate to be in college at a time when received assumptions and categories are themselves under scrutiny, a time when our ideas about nature, culture, and, in fact, education in the liberal arts and sciences are being debated and reshaped. The faculty 9 The Academic Environment

The Curriculum and nature of the universe, and where did human beings come from? what purpose do we have? what is the FOUNDATION nature of our minds, of the social world we have created, As the foundation of their college experience, Skidmore of our creative processes? In LS1, faculty from the students strengthen their writing proficiency and humanities, social sciences, sciences, arts, and demonstrate competence in quantitative reasoning. The preprofessional disciplines address these questions with ability to read critically, to write clearly and precisely, first-year students through a set of common texts and and to reason quantitatively lie at the heart of a liberal lectures and through small seminar discussions. arts education. Skidmore students thus acquire, during Class of 2000: In addition to completing LS1 in the first their first years of study, the indispensable tools of year, students must complete by the end of the junior year one intellectual discourse and discovery. course in each of the following. Expository Writing. Students are required to complete Liberal Studies II: Cultural Traditions and Social successfully one designated expository writing course by Change: courses that study the processes by which the end of the sophomore year. Students placed in societies as a whole or their institutions change over a EN103, “Writing Seminar I,” must complete this pre- period of time; or Culture and Difference in the United requisite course by the end of the first year. Designated States: courses that examine such differences as race, writing courses offered by the English Department and class, gender, ethnicity, or religion in the United States. in various disciplines can be taken to fulfill the expository writing requirement. Skidmore’s writing Liberal Studies III: Artistic Forms and Critical program includes tutorial help at the Writing Center. Concepts. These courses explore the complementary roles of the arts and of analysis in developing critical Quantitative Reasoning. Quantitative skills are not only responses and judgments and enhance aesthetic promoted through a wide range of mathematics, appreciation. computer, economics, and statistics courses, but also are reinforced by peer and professional support services Liberal Studies IV: Science and Society. These directed by the Department of Mathematics and Com- courses treat the interactions between scientific and puter Science. All students will demonstrate competence technological developments and the society in which in basic mathematical and computational principles by such developments occur. the end of the sophomore year. This may be demon- Class of 2001 and beyond*: In addition to LS1 in the first strated by attaining a sufficiently high score on the year, students must complete by the end of the sophomore year MSAT I exam (630) or any mathematics SAT II exam one additional Liberal Studies 2 course. (570), by passing the College’s quantitative reasoning examination or by successfully completing MA100. By Liberal Studies 2: Integrative Topics. These courses the end of the junior year, all students must successfully make explicit connections to LS1 and are interdisci- complete a designated course in mathematics, statistics, plinary in nature. Topics vary but all courses emphasize or other numerical operations in various academic dis- the continued development of cognitive skills. ciplines, or in the use of computers for the manipulation Liberal Studies Capstone: A senior-year opportunity of mathematical, social scientific, or scientific data. encouraged (but not required) as a logical extension of INTEGRATION interdisciplinary work, capstone courses round out the student’s intellectual growth with a major academic or A distinctive feature of intellectual activity at Skidmore creative project. is our attention to integrative learning. The ability to integrate ideas from several different disciplines lends *Members of the Class of 2000 may have elected to pursue coherence to the student’s entire college education and the new set of requirements. may be applied to many areas of life. Liberal Studies EXPLORATION courses of a unique nature make up the integration component of the curriculum. (See course descriptions Exploration courses, built upon foundation and for LS II, LS III, LS IV, and LS2 course options.) integration requirements, lead students into a broader academic and creative community. Discipline-centered Liberal Studies 1: The Human Experience. This course studies complement the interdisciplinary emphasis in the initiates all first-year students into the most significant Liberal Studies courses. Other courses in the exploration questions we raise about ourselves: what is the origin 10 category move students toward an understanding of a Society. Course options focus on patterns of human non-Western culture and the acquisition of behavior and the social structures that human beings intermediate competence in a foreign language. have created. Students choose two courses, one from a group (A) including economics, sociology, anthropology, Class of 2000: and government, and one course from a group (B) Laboratory Science. Responding to the extraordinary including American studies, history, philosophy, and importance of science and technology in the modern religion. world, these course options stress the need for students The Arts. Course options consider the arts as modes of to work directly with the materials and methods of creativity, expression, and discovery. Students take two science in a laboratory setting. Before graduation courses, one of which (A) engages students actively in students must complete one course with lab from the the creation or presentation of an artistic work (studio departments of Biology, Chemistry and Physics, art, dance, music, theater or creative writing), and the Geology, or Psychology, and one additional course other of which (B) analyzes and interprets an art form designated as meeting a laboratory science requirement. (art history, dance history, literary studies, music theory Visual and Performing Arts. The student’s active and history, or theater history). engagement with the materials of the arts (for example, color, sound, movement) is an important step in WORLD CULTURES learning about them. Designated courses in the Foreign Language. Students explore a foreign language departments of Art and Art History, Exercise Science, through the intermediate level of competence, as Dance, and Athletics, Music, and Theater will satisfy measured by test scores or by performance in a variety the requirement. of course options. Depending on their language backgrounds and their choice of a foreign language, Foreign Language. This requirement recognizes that foreign languages are of increasing importance as we students may need up to four courses in this area. While one or two courses beyond the high-school experience discover our social, economic, political, and cultural is the common pattern, a number of students satisfy the connections to a global community. The student’s obligation to demonstrate foreign language competency requirement with the results of their foreign language competency exam. at the intermediate level prior to graduation carries the student into a system for thinking and communicating, Non-Western Culture. Choosing one from among a and thus a whole cultural outlook, different from his or diverse range of courses, students are introduced to a her own. way of life and a set of cultural assumptions significantly different from Western perspectives. Non-Western Culture. These course options introduce a way of life and a set of cultural assumptions that are THE MAJOR: FOCUS AND DEPTH often remarkably different from Western perspectives. Prior to graduation, students choose one designated The core curriculum described so far provide the non-Western culture course. foundation that students need to choose a major appropriate to their academic and career interests. Class of 2001 and beyond This choice usually occurs at the end of the sophomore year, allowing time for students to explore a variety of BREADTH major and minor options. Skidmore offers the bachelor Students choose two courses each in the fields of nature, of arts and bachelors of science degrees in more than society, and the arts from the list of approved offerings sixty areas, including traditional liberal arts disciplines, on page 48. paraprofessional fields, interdepartmental combinations, and interdisciplinary programs. Skidmore’s degree Nature. Course options explore the construction of the programs are listed on page 57. Qualified students may physical world and principles that inform its operations. define a self-determined major when their educational Students take two courses, at least one of which includes interests lie outside Skidmore’s established majors. All a laboratory experience (B), in areas such as biology, areas of concentration at Skidmore, including those chemistry, computer science, exercise science, geology, most oriented toward careers and professions, thrive mathematics, physics, and psychology. within a liberal arts and humanistic environment.

11 HONORS FORUM CURRICULUM Many departments at Skidmore offer “professional” The Honors Forum offers a supportive intellectual internships at the 299 or 399 level. These opportunities community for all highly motivated Skidmore students, are centered on a specific academic discipline, are offered and especially encourages the academic aspirations of at a more advanced level than IN100, and often carry first-year and second-year students. The “forum,” as the prerequisites. Grading may be on a satisfactory/unsatis- name suggests, is intended as a structure for organizing factory basis. Consult the course descriptions in the and promoting our common interests as an academic departmental listings for details. community, and invites the participation of all highly ACADEMIC GUIDANCE motivated Skidmore students. The Office of the Dean of Studies assigns each entering Special sections of regular course offerings and courses student to a member of the faculty who can advise the developed especially for the Honors Forum expect a student about course scheduling, about the College’s high degree of involvement from participants, employ general academic requirements, and about the student’s more sophisticated materials and pose more complex particular field of interest. Students may seek further advice questions, and provide an unusually challenging on these and other issues from the office. Questions about academic experience. In a typical semester, Honors leaves of absence, academic standing, choice of major, Forum courses might be offered in art history, chemis- study abroad, internships, peer tutoring, study skills, try, economics, geology, literature, and mathematics. learning disabilities, academic integrity, honors and prizes, graduate fellowships, and other academic opportunities and INTERNSHIPS difficulties may be referred to this office. Skidmore’s long experience in combining liberal arts education with career preparation has established strong Information Resources connections between the life of the mind and the life of practicality and action. This twofold understanding of SCRIBNER LIBRARY higher education is brought to focus through internships offered for academic credit. Scribner Library houses nearly 400,000 volumes and 1,700 journals and periodicals, augmented by electronic Internships can be particularly rewarding to students as access to online digital collections. In addition, the an application of their academic work to other life library houses the College archives, collections of rare situations, as an exercise of their liberal arts skills and books, sound recordings, videotapes, and art repro- perspectives, and as a bridge between college and career. ductions and slides. Scribner Library is a United States In recent years Skidmore students have earned valuable and New York State government-documents depository. experience and academic credit in government agencies, retail and industrial organizations, publishing houses, If students need materials not available in the collection, banks, law firms, radio and television networks, and art, they have access to collections in other libraries through music, and theater organizations. Internship affiliations Skidmore’s interlibrary loan arrangements, which allow can be arranged by students themselves or be made us to borrow from academic and research library available through alumni and friends of the College. collections both regionally and throughout the United States. The Office of the Dean of Studies organizes the intern- ship guidelines and application criteria at Skidmore. The library is continuing to expand its electronic library, An electronic library of internship opportunities is which is available through computers that are connected maintained by the Office of Career Services. Qualified to the campus network. While students and faculty can students may apply for internship experience, and use these resources on any of the seventy workstations in academic credit, during any semester of the academic the library, most of the resources can be accessed from year, including both summer sessions. dorm rooms and offices. In addition to “Lucy2,” the online catalogue, Scribner Library provides access to The course IN100: Exploration Internship is available as major bibliographic databases for all subject areas an introductory experience to qualified students in any through its Web pages and through its CD-ROM academic discipline and at any stage in their college network. The library also subscribes to over 1,000 online studies. IN100 applications are reviewed by the College journals including Project Muse, JSTOR, and Academic Curriculum Committee. Press’s IDEAL library. These collections significantly enhance the library’s paper and microform holdings. 12 The librarians, who are subject specialists, teach research Affiliated Programs techniques and are available for consultation about an individual’s research. VISITING STUDENT PROGRAMS AT AMERICAN COLLEGES CENTER FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES While students do the majority of their work at Information technologies are an active part of academic Skidmore, the College offers the opportunity to take a life at Skidmore. The Center for Information Technol- semester or full-year program at another school in the ogies (CITS), with its offices in Harder Hall supports United States. Many colleges in the state of New York services that include the World Wide Web, electronic and in other states have visiting student programs, and mail, newsgroups, educational software, voice and data students should write to the registrar of the college in network support, printing and faxing services, and which they are interested to get information about administrative information databases. programs and deadline dates. Prospective visiting students should then apply for an official academic leave While Skidmore encourages computing across the of absence. Applicants should have reasonably strong curriculum — the appropriate use of computers in all academic records, though grade averages below 3.0 may academic disciplines — CITS focuses on making infor- be accepted by the Committee on Academic Standing. mation technologies accessible to all students, including those who may not be comfortable with traditional HUDSON-MOHAWK ASSOCIATION OF COLLEGES AND computing environments. While CITS does not teach UNIVERSITIES any credit courses, it employs student assistants to help novices utilize computers more effectively, conducts To extend and enrich their collective educational workshops, and distributes user guides and other resources, the following institutions have participated in training materials. the Hudson-Mohawk Association of Colleges and Universities: Adirondack Community College, Albany General purpose microcomputer rooms are available in College of Pharmacy, Albany Law School, Albany several locations across campus, some of which are open Medical College, College of Saint Rose, Columbia- twenty-four hours a day during the semesters. All Greene Community College, Empire State College, facilities are open to any interested students, faculty, and Fulton-Montgomery Community College, Hartwick staff including areas with either Windows and College, Hudson Valley Community College, Maria Macintosh computers. Student assistants are on duty in College, Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts, several locations to assist with user problems. Most of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, the Sage Colleges, the public microcomputer rooms are equipped with high Schenectady County Community College, Siena quality laser printers. Students are welcome to use these College, Skidmore College, SUNY-Cobleskill, Union printers, provided they refrain from printing multiple College, and the University at Albany (SUNY). copies or otherwise wasting paper. Students may choose individual courses at any of the member institutions through a cross-registration Electronic mail has become a popular communication agreement by consulting their respective registrars. medium for students and faculty. Skidmore College is a member of the Internet for electronic mail and data WASHINGTON SEMESTER communication with colleges and universities world wide. All electronic mail is handled by the Unix Skidmore, along with more than seventy other colleges systems. Before participating, a student must obtain a and universities, participates in the Washington Semes- username and password from CITS. These are free and ter Program for juniors and seniors. This program offers remain valid as long as the student is enrolled at the intensive experience through course work, seminars, College. research projects, and internships with committees, agencies, and interest groups in Washington, D.C., CITS operates a multimedia development center in where students live at American University. Applica- Palamountain Hall. This facility provides public access tions are made through the departments of Government to advanced tools for both analog and digital media and American Studies. Credits earned at American production. Typical resources include audio and video University are denoted as transfer credit, and grades editing facilities as well as scanners, CD-ROM writers, earned do not affect the Skidmore GPA. Courses at the and computers optimized for image editing. 300 or 400 level qualify for maturity level credits.

13 SEMESTER IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE Study Abroad Skidmore College is one of ten liberal-arts colleges that Skidmore offers academically qualified students a wide participate in a program for undergraduates offered by range of opportunities to further their global education. the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Students must have 3.0 (sometimes higher) cumulative Mass. Held for fourteen weeks each fall at MBL’s averages, appropriate course background and class-year Ecosystems Center on Cape Cod, the Semester in standing, and the endorsement of Skidmore College in Environmental Science program emphasizes measuring order to participate in programs abroad. Resources are and understanding biogeochemical cycles and processes organized by the Office of International Programs in in terrestrial, fresh water, and marine ecosystems. partnership with the Dean of Studies Office. Skidmore nominates students, usually biology-chemistry majors in their junior year, for this collaborative research SKIDMORE PROGRAMS IN PARIS AND MADRID program. Applications are made through the Office of Any Skidmore sophomore with at least a B average and the Dean of Studies. the required language skills is eligible to apply for the RESERVE OFFICER TRAINING CORPS Skidmore junior-year programs in Paris or Madrid through the Office of International Programs. Skidmore students interested in participating in Reserve Applications must be filed no later than March 1 for Officer Training Corps programs may do so through the full-year or fall-semester programs and by October 15 Hudson-Mohawk consortium. With the permission of for the spring-semester program. Admission to the the Committee on Academic Standing, a limited program may be limited by space availability. Each amount of credit (typically, six or fewer hours) may be program has a resident director, who is concerned with counted toward the degree for academic courses taken in housing, classes, and administering the program. the ROTC program. The total cost of the Skidmore in Paris and Skidmore in Students pursuing an ROTC program through cross- Madrid programs is that of tuition, board, and room at registration must plan their courses and their academic the apartment rate in Saratoga Springs, plus air fare to major with care due to the time requirements of the the host country. Skidmore students on financial aid ROTC program and the commuting time (thirty to may continue to receive their scholarship awards while forty minutes) involved. Because of the scheduling in the program. They must apply for scholarships, loans, requirements of some majors, full participation in an grant aid, and work awards in advance at the Office of ROTC program may not be possible. Accepted Student Aid and Family Finance. candidates are advised to discuss their plans both with the ROTC program of interest and the Office of the Skidmore has two programs in Paris, one for the entire Registrar at Skidmore before enrolling at Skidmore. year (for students fluent in French) and another for fall All cross-registering students must provide their own or spring semester for those whose knowledge of French transportation. is limited. Applicants must demonstrate appropriate proficiency in the language. Both programs in Paris For information on ROTC programs and/or begin with a required intensive preliminary session to scholarships, interested students should contact the enable students to become familiar with French life and proper ROTC program. Rensselaer Polytechnic the French educational system. For a sample listing of Institute, (Troy, N.Y. 12181) has Air Force, Army, and courses, see page 149. Marine Corps programs. Siena College (Loudonville, N.Y. 12211) has an Army ROTC office. The program in Madrid is a full-year or spring-semester program of academic study at the Universidad Auto- noma. Because all work in the program is offered in Spanish, students must have demonstrated competence in the language at the advanced level and some under- standing of the literature and culture prior to the beginning of the program, normally by the successful completion of Spanish 208, 211, and 212 or their equivalent. For a sample listing of courses, see page 149.

14 SEMESTER IN LONDON included in the program. The final week is spent at Sponsored by the Office of the Dean of Studies and the Stratford-upon-Avon, where students attend Royal International Programs Office, Skidmore offers a Shakespeare Company productions, study with RSC variety of study programs in the heart of London each artists, and attend classes arranged by the Shakespeare spring semester. Students may elect programs from the Institute and the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. following institutions: Regent’s College, Westminster Admission to the program is highly selective. Students University (a broad range of humanities, social science, must have a cumulative GPA of 3.0 and at least 3.2 in and business courses), University College and King’s their major. For additional information, consult College (a broad range of disciplines). The program is Professor Lary Opitz, Theater Department. A sample accompanied by Skidmore faculty. listing of courses is on page 149.

Applicants must have strong Skidmore faculty INSTITUTE FOR THE INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION OF references and normally an achievement record of 3.0 STUDENTS (IES) or higher. Courses in the London program are preapproved for transfer credit. Total cost is equivalent Skidmore’s affiliation with IES provides opportunities to tuition, room, and board in Saratoga Springs and for Skidmore students to participate in high quality includes partial airfare to London. Skidmore students academic programs at twenty-one sites throughout the on financial aid may apply their loans and scholarship world. Students with strong academic records, and awards to the program. Information and application appropriate academic background, may apply to forms are available from the Office of the Dean of programs at the University of Durham, the Courtauld Studies. Institute, the Slade School of Fine Art, the School of Oriental and African Studies, and to other programs SEMESTER IN INDIA centered in Beijing, Berlin, Freiburg, La Plata, London, Through consortial arrangements with Bard, Hartwick, Milan, Nagoya, Nantes, Tokyo, Vienna, and Australia. St. Lawrence, and Hobart and William Smith colleges, While preparation in a foreign language is usually Skidmore offers a one-semester academic program in required for the European and Asian programs, a few of India every fall. The program is designed to utilize field them are presented in English. Program standards are settings and important sites to introduce students to rigorous. Students must normally have a cumulative India in its varied manifestations — the richness of its GPA of 3.0 or higher and must obtain academic history, philosophy, and culture; the diversity of its endorsement from Skidmore. Information is available peoples and languages; the complexity of its economic, from the Office of the Dean of Studies. social, and political processes. Skidmore students with strong academic records and personal qualities, and THE INTERCOLLEGIATE CENTER FOR CLASSICAL with appropriate academic preparation, may apply to STUDIES IN ROME the program. For specific information, consult Professor The ICCS, a consortium of sixty-three colleges and Robert Linrothe, Director of the Asian Studies universities, is administered through Duke University. Program. Through affiliation with the center, qualified Skidmore SHAKESPEARE PROGRAMME students can study ancient history and archaeology, Greek and Latin literature, and ancient art for a This fall-semester program affords students the semester or year in Rome. The program is thus opportunity to study theater, literature, and particularly appropriate for students majoring in Shakespeare in England, where they study with classics, art, or art history. internationally respected British faculty members and professional theater artists. The program is affiliated The normal semester load is four courses, including a with the British American Dramatic Academy and the broadly integrative course on “The Ancient City” which Birmingham University Shakespeare Institute. counts for half the normal schedule. Remaining course selections might include Latin and Greek Literature, For twelve weeks, students live and study in the Renaissance and Baroque Art History, Elementary Bloomsbury section of London, where the academic Italian, or an independent study. Application should be program includes courses in theater history, English made through Leslie Mechem, Department of Classics. literature, playwriting, dramatic criticism, directing, and acting. Master classes and weekly trips to the theater are 15 ADVANCED STUDIES IN ENGLAND Community Education Program This humanities program is centered for twelve weeks Skidmore College demonstrates its accessibility to in Bath, with an additional week at University College, the surrounding localities through the Community Oxford, and a concluding week in Stratford. The Education Program. Offering a variety of noncredit diverse offerings in British literature, history, courses, seminars, and workshops that meet evenings philosophy, classical studies, art history, politics, and and weekends throughout the academic year, programs women’s studies are taught primarily by faculty from focus on topics of current concern and interest to the Oxford University. Additional courses are offered in a community. In addition, continuing education programs five-week summer session from June to July. For for local corporations, small businesses, and nonprofit specific information, consult the Dean of Studies Office. organizations are individually designed in response to a growing demand for professional and personal MIDDLEBURY COLLEGE PROGRAMS IN RUSSIA development. Certificates awarding continuing This affiliation allows qualified Skidmore students to education units may be earned in the program. spend a semester or year at three university sites in Russia: Moscow State, Voronezh State, and Yaroslavl Skidmore College Computer Career Institute State University. Located in White Plains, N.Y., the Computer Career OTHER STUDY ABROAD PROGRAMS Institute offers programs designed to provide a solid Through a host of other formal and informal affiliations, foundation for continuous career growth and advance- and the leave of absence process, Skidmore students ment in the field of computer technology. Currently, study at many British and Irish institutions, as well as seven noncredit certificate programs are offered: Client/ in Australia, African countries, Germany, Italy, Greece, Server Programming and Web Development, Israel, and in other locations throughout the world. A Computer Graphics and Web Design, development, library of such opportunities and informed counsel are LAN Administration CNE Training, Microsoft Office available in the Office of the Dean of Studies and in the Specialist, Microsoft Windows NT Administration, Office of International Programs, both located in Oracle Certified Database Administrator, and PC Starbuck Center. Service and Support Specialist with A+Certification. Programs typically run six to ten weeks on a full-time Note: All affiliated and nonaffiliated study-abroad programs hold to basis, and four to six months for part-time, evening competitive academic standards. Skidmore approval for study abroad — approval that must precede acceptance into any study program — classes. Course materials are continuously revised to requires an academic record of 3.0 or higher. reflect changes in the field.

Higher Education Opportunity Program External Master’s Program in Liberal Studies The Higher Education Opportunity Program (HEOP) The Master of Arts in Liberal Studies program is an recruits talented and motivated students from New York external, nonresidential program designed for adult State who otherwise, owing to academic and financial learners. The M.A.L.S. emphasizes a broad range of circumstances, would be unable to attend Skidmore. disciplines, allowing students to integrate knowledge Holistic in its approach to student development, the in the arts, humanities, natural sciences, and social program provides developmental, tutorial, financial, and sciences. Students develop individualized programs of counseling services, beginning with a required, pre- study — a combination of courses, independent study, freshman, on-campus summer session. This session internships, and a final project. Near the beginning of strengthens students’ academic and study skills and their program, students attend a one-week seminar prepares them for a socially and personally productive on the Skidmore campus in which they study multi- life in the College community disciplinary approaches, research methods, and computer applications. The program leads to a master of arts degree.

16 University Without Walls UNIVERSITY WITHOUT WALLS STAFF

UWW is Skidmore’s undergraduate degree program CORNEL J. REINHART MARY P. MONIGAN for adult students. Founded in 1971, UWW is a pioneer Director Staff Assistant in adult education. The program currently serves over B.A., Parsons College; B.A., SUNY Buffalo 275 students who use UWW’s flexible framework to M.A., University of South Dakota; MARY K. MOORE Ph.D., University of develop individually tailored undergraduate degree Assistant for Student Services programs. Oklahoma (History) AIMEE K. PAQUIN UWW shapes undergraduate programs to fit the MARY E. COGAN Assistant to the Director; Financial Aid Officer; learning options available to people residing throughout Coordinator of Academic Records Budget Manager the country and overseas. UWW students are able to: B.S., Skidmore College B.S., Skidmore UWW • transfer past credits from accredited colleges KENNETH KLOTZ SARAH STEBBINS • earn credit for prior experience Academic Advisor Academic Advisor • pass competency exams for credit B.A., Yale University B.A., M.A., Ph.D., University • arrange independent studies with Skidmore faculty (Russian Studies); of California, Berkeley (Philosophy) • enroll in UWW courses offered at the Skidmore M. Phil., Ph.D., Yale University campus (Comparative Literature) CHRISTOPHER A. WHANN • enroll in UWW online Web-based courses DEBORAH MEYERS Academic Advisor • take classes at nearby colleges and universities Academic Advisor B.A., University of Delaware • enroll in courses offered at a distance by major A.B., Harvard University (History); (International Relations); M.A., University of Delaware universities M.A., New York University (Psychology) (Political Science); • participate in internships. Ph.D., University of Wisconsin, KIRSTEN E. MISHKIN Madison (Political Science) From its beginning, Skidmore has sustained a dual Academic Advisor commitment to the liberal arts and the professions. A.B., Harvard University (Classics); Working closely with advisors, students develop Cambridge University (Anglo- programs appropriate to their backgrounds and goals. Saxon Studies); Students’ individualized studies may focus on liberal J.D., Yale Law School arts areas such as English, history, psychology, and biology, preprofessional areas such as business, or Summer Programs interdisciplinary combinations. Some examples of Through the Office of the Dean of Special Programs, interdisciplinary fields are human behavior, religion Skidmore’s summer programs draw thousands of people and culture, arts management, organizational behavior, of different ages and backgrounds to the campus for and public administration. credit and noncredit courses, seminars, workshops, and Students earn a B.A. or B.S. degree from Skidmore other events, many of which incorporate the city’s College. The program is registered with the State of cultural activities into their offerings. The Skidmore New York and, as a division of Skidmore, is accredited College Summer Term Catalogue, issued in February, by the Middle States Association of Colleges and provides further details on all programs. Secondary Schools. SUMMER ACADEMIC SESSIONS First Year Enrollment Fee ...... $3,400 There are two five-week summer sessions at Skidmore Subsequent Annual Enrollment Fee ...... $2,800 during which students may register for up to eight For further information, contact: semester hours in each session. The first session is ideal for those who wish to combine study with summer work University Without Walls or travel. Students wishing to fulfill all-College Skidmore College requirements or accelerate their college programs can Saratoga Springs, New York 12866-1632 earn additional credits by attending either or both Phone: 518-580-5450 sessions. Introductory and advanced courses in the Fax: 518-580-5449 humanities, the natural and social sciences, and business E-mail address: [email protected] are offered. Skidmore also offers summer programs in foreign countries. 17 SUMMER SIX ART PROGRAM PRE-COLLEGE PROGRAM FOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS The Summer SIX art program runs concurrently with This program offers college-level courses for credit to the two summer academic sessions. Since its beginning high school students with strong academic records. in 1968, Summer SIX has been distinguished as an Enrollment is open to those who have completed their intensive learning experience that provides special sophomore year in high school. Students take two opportunities for students to explore and further develop courses chosen from among those offered during the their artistic talents. The two five-week sessions feature second summer session in the humanities, natural nationally known visiting artists and lecturers who sciences, and social sciences. Students may also cross provide critiques, workshops, and seminars. Course register in courses or workshops offered through offerings include: drawing, painting, printmaking, AP/Art. In addition, Pre-College Program students take lithography, ceramics, fiber arts, jewelry, photography, advantage of a variety of cultural and recreational sculpture, two- and three-dimensional design, graphic activities that are unique to Skidmore College’s summer design, watercolor, and art history. campus and the Saratoga Springs area.

Classes are small and individualized, and students have SUMMER LIFE SCIENCE INSTITUTE FOR GIRLS round-the-clock access to large, well-lit studios. Graduate credit may be earned in cooperation with the A two-week residential program for seventh, eighth, and Office of General Studies and Summer Sessions at the ninth grade girls is offered in an effort to expose them to University at Albany, State University of New York. the fascinating world of the life sciences. Students study the basic concepts of modern biology and also actively In addition, noncredit workshops are offered in a variety participate in modern biotechnology and the use of of media. These intensive workshops include: painting advanced equipment. Special field trips enable students and drawing, ceramics, raku and sagger firing, fiber arts, to explore first hand a wildlife population/recapture and videography, computer imaging, and monotypes. nighttime tracking program and will visit a veterinary hospital to observe surgeries. SUMMER WRITERS INSTITUTE The New York State Writers Institute, sponsored by CAMP $TART-UP Skidmore and the University at Albany, State University Skidmore College has partnered with Independent of New York, offers an annual summer program for Means Inc. to offer a two-week experience to teen writers. The four-week program features workshop women during late August. The program helps teen courses in creative writing and editing taught by an women achieve economic self-reliance by introducing extraordinary staff of professional writers, including them to the fundamentals and vocabulary of business winners of the Pulitzer Prize and the National Book and entrepreneurship, as well as builds leadership skills Award. Courses are offered for undergraduate and as the students work in small groups to construct a full graduate credit, and a small number of noncredit business plan. The skills taught at Camp $tart-Up help students may be enrolled. empower girls to take charge of their lives, both in school and throughout their professional lives. AP/ART (ACCELERATION PROGRAM IN ART) AP/Art is a program designed for mature and skilled INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S WRITING GUILD CONFERENCE high-school students who have completed their fresh- The IWWG hosts a week-long conference at Skidmore man year. Presented in conjunction with the Summer for women writers of all levels of experience. Through SIX art program, AP/Art offers students an opportunity dozens of workshops, women refine their skills and learn to work in a college art department for credit as well as more about a variety of writing genres, including noncredit options. Students may also cross register in nonfiction, fiction, romance, mystery, poetry, film, liberal arts courses offered through the Pre-College television scripts, and journals. Word processing and the Program for High School Students. Each student business aspects of writing, such as dealing with literary enrolls in two courses during the five-week session. agents, are also covered. Several guild members’ works Scholarships may be awarded on the basis of artistic have been published as a result of the annual conference. merit and need. In addition, AP/Art students take advantage of the rich and varied cultural activities available both on campus and in the community of Saratoga Springs. 18 Academic and Cocurricular Facilities

JAZZ INSTITUTE Academic Facilities

This is a two-week residential institute for jazz SCRIBNER LIBRARY musicians — including high school and college students, music educators, and professional musicians — focusing Skidmore’s renovated and expanded library opened to on theory and improvisation. Master classes are taught the public at the start of the 1995-96 academic year. by top jazz artists. The program coincides with Frei- The current library is some 75,000 net square feet. It hofer’s Jazz Festival at the Saratoga Performing Arts brings together both traditional library spaces and the Center. This program may be taken for academic credit. infrastructure to support increasingly sophisticated technology. The building contains more than 600 seats INSTITUTE FOR ACADEMIC ADVANCEMENT OF YOUTH in spaces designed to take advantage of natural light, The Johns Hopkins University Center for Talented twenty-two individual study rooms, and eighteen Youth offers qualified adolescents specially developed group-study rooms. There are over seventy computers courses in the sciences, mathematics, and humanities on distributed throughout the library and in a large cluster the Skidmore campus. A talent search is conducted by on the fourth floor. Students can also bring in laptops JHU/CTY in conjunction with school systems across and connect to the campus network at carrels and study the country. rooms located on each floor. Named for Lucy Skidmore Scribner, the College’s JUDAIC STUDIES PROGRAM founder, Scribner Library houses nearly 400,000 Skidmore College offers a series of three one-week volumes and 1,700 journals and periodicals, augmented residential seminars for serious adults who wish to by electronic access to online digital collections. In explore issues in Jewish history, literature, and ideas. addition, the library houses the College archives, The seminars feature lectures by master teachers, collections of rare books, sound recordings, video tapes, challenging class discussions, many opportunities for and art reproductions and slides. Scribner Library is a informal personal exchange among teachers and United States and New York State government- students, and other experiences intended to deepen documents depository. students’ understanding and knowledge of Jewish texts and concepts. Both teaching and library faculty teach in the Schaffer Bibliographic Instruction Room, an electronic classroom SUMMER DANCE WORKSHOPS equipped to allow students to learn research methods incorporating both print and online sources. Skidmore College hosts modern dance companies during the summer months and offers serious dance The visual resources area on the second floor is devoted students the opportunity for intensive study with to the library’s extensive art book and visual resources academic credit. Over the past years, the José Limon collections, including more than 100,000 slides and Company, Twyla Tharp Dance Foundation, Dan digital images. One wall is devoted to the display and Wagoner and Dancers, Trisha Brown Company, Bill T. study of art reproductions. An arts librarian is available Jones/Arnie Zane Dance Company, Mark Morris to assist with questions regarding art, music, film, Dance Group, Lar Lubovitch Dance Company, Martha theater, and dance. The offices of the Art History Graham Dance Company, and Garth Fagan Dance have Program faculty are also located on the second floor. been in residence. In addition, public dance events pre- On the third floor, students will find the Pohndorff sented by the companies provide added cultural attrac- Room, which serves as the reading room for special tions for members of the surrounding communities. collections and as a reception room for lectures and SUMMER THEATER WORKSHOP readings. Led by Anne Bogart and company members of the DANA SCIENCE CENTER Saratoga International Theater Institute (SITI), an Charles A. Dana Science Center houses the intensive four-week training program is offered to departments of Biology, Chemistry and Physics, and actors, directors, designers, dancers, and choreographers. Geology. The facility offers classrooms, teaching labs, Training in the Suzuki method of acting, Bogart’s individual research labs and preparation rooms, and Viewpoints, and an interdisciplinary approach to plant and animal tissue culture, microbiological, composition are the features of the program. The radiation biology, and radiation chemistry units. program may be taken for academic credit. 19 Equipment available for student use includes a JEOL metalsmithing studio. On the first level are studios for 1010 transmission electron microscope, Reichert Ultra- sculpture, ceramics, weaving, textile design, serigraphy, cut ultramicrotomes, Balzer’s freeze jet, Olympus BX-60 printmaking, graphic design, and computer imaging. light microscope, LKB ultracentrifuge, high-pressure Schick Art Gallery is located at the main entrance to the liquid chromatography equipment, and specialty building. In addition to special and faculty exhibits, art equipment for PCR and DNA sequencing. Also available are a 200 MHz high-field nuclear magnetic students hold an annual exhibition of their works as do Summer SIX students. resonance spectrometer (NMR), computer interfaced x-ray fluorescence spectrometer, Fourier transform BERNHARD THEATER infrared spectrometer (FTIR), inductively coupled plasma spectrometer (ICP), and PC-based multi- Janet Kinghorn Bernhard Theater includes a main channel analyzer with nuclear spectroscopy equipment. auditorium seating 345 people, two rehearsal rooms, a design studio, a large studio theater, music-faculty On the top floor of the building are a greenhouse, a offices, a scene shop, paint shop, construction and repair plant-cell culture lab, and an ornithology lab. shop, and all other facilities appropriate to a modern To keep pace with the growing demand for study in the college theater program. sciences, Skidmore built a 30,000 square-foot addition FILENE MUSIC BUILDING to the science center in 1996. The new wing connects Dana to nearby Harder Hall and significantly increases A center for musical activities during the academic year, lab and teaching space in the sciences. The addition’s the Therese W. Filene Music Building hosts groups of glass-fronted three-story atrium provides lounge areas young performing artists during the summer season. for students and faculty on each floor. A distinctive feature of Filene is a fan-shaped lecture- recital hall seating approximately 240 people. The BOLTON HALL building also houses faculty offices and studios, class- Bolton Hall, a classroom building honoring Skidmore rooms, a music library, practice and listening rooms, professors Joseph and Dorothy Bolton, houses eleven and an electronic studio. classrooms and the Foreign Language Resource Center, TISCH LEARNING CENTER which offers a variety of audiovisual and electronic resources to students and faculty of foreign languages. Tisch Learning Center provides space for classes, faculty, and programs. The building houses six seminar PALAMOUNTAIN HALL rooms; ten classrooms; laboratories for psychology and Named in honor of Skidmore’s fourth president, anthropology; the departments of Psychology, History, Joseph C. Palamountain Jr., this building features three American Studies, Sociology, Anthropology, and Social lecture halls, the largest of which, Gannett Auditorium, Work; and thirty-four faculty and departmental offices. seats 300. Located in the center of the building, the LADD HALL lecture halls are ringed by smaller, hexagonally shaped classrooms that reflect the building contours and Three-story Ladd Alumni Hall, which adjoins Case accommodate thirty-five students each in a seminar-like Center, contains faculty offices, classrooms, and an atmosphere. The departments of English, Foreign auditorium for lectures and film showings. The offices Languages and Literatures, Management and Business, of Skidmore’s University Without Walls and Master of and Education are located here. Palamountain Hall also Arts in Liberal Studies program are located on the first houses the Skidmore Early Childhood Center. floor of Ladd. It also houses the departments of Classics, Administrative offices are on the fourth floor. Government, and Philosophy and Religion.

SAISSELIN ART BUILDING HARDER HALL Saisselin Art Building links the academic buildings on F. William Harder Hall contains classrooms, faculty campus with those of the fine and performing arts. offices, the departments of Economics and Mathematics Constructed on three levels, Saisselin houses painting and Computer Science, and the Center for Information and drawing studios on its third level, all with skylights Technology Services. to allow natural light into the studios. On the second floor are the photographic studios and the jewelry and 20 Cocurricular Facilities FALSTAFF’S

CASE CENTER Opened in 1986, this one-story facility contains small alcoves for eating and relaxation and a large open area Josephine Young Case College Center connects the for dancing and entertainment. A committee of academic and residential areas on campus. It includes a students, faculty and administrators sets policy for book store, a central information desk, the Office of the Falstaff’s and sponsors a variety of cocurricular Dean of Student Affairs, mail facilities, a large lounge activities. and exhibit area, and a snack bar. Case Gallery, a student-directed gallery of student-created art works, SPORTS AND RECREATION CENTER provides opportunities for students to sell their works The Sports and Recreation Center adjoins playing and to gain experience in gallery management. The fields and the Dance Center. The facility accommodates Skidmore Shop sells textbooks, general and reference a comprehensive program of sports and physical books, gifts, clothing, and sundries. education. The center includes two gymnasiums, a WILSON CHAPEL competition swimming and diving pool, racquetball/ handball courts, squash courts, weight-training and Val H. Wilson Memorial Chapel honors Skidmore’s conditioning rooms, and an athletic training room. The third president and is intended primariy for meditation, facility also houses classrooms and a human performance though it is at times used for various religious laboratory for the study of human movement and sport. ceremonies and events at the College. Set in a wooded A recent addition serves as home to an intramural area, it purposely lacks religious symbolism in the gymnasium, varsity team rooms, a weight room, and an architecture or decor, emphasizing that it is for use by aerobic equipment area. all members of the community, regardless of faith. In 1994 Skidmore opened its outdoor athletic complex STARBUCK CENTER featuring a lighted, artificial-turf field; an all-weather Named for Kathryn Starbuck, this building houses the track; and a grandstand. offices of the College that provide nearly all of the Other sports facilities include practice and playing fields administrative services for students, including the offices for hockey, baseball, lacrosse, soccer and other field of the Registrar, Dean of Studies, International sports; cross country ski trails; and nine outdoor tennis Programs, Student Aid and Family Finance, Student courts. Accounts, Career Services, Residential Life, and the Higher Education Opportunity Program. VAN LENNEP RIDING CENTER The Van Lennep Riding Center offers excellent facilities JONSSON TOWER for riding, a stable of horses for student use, and space This twelve-story building houses students on its top for students to board their own horses. In addition to a seven floors. A lounge on the top floor is used for social large heated indoor riding ring, there is an outdoor ring, functions. Health and Counseling Services, the paddocks for turnouts, and an outdoor hunt course. The Chaplain’s Office, Security, the Skidmore News, and heated stable accommodates sixty-eight stalls, ten by ten WSPN radio can be found on the lower floors. feet each, tack rooms, feed storage, a blacksmith shop, a lounge, and a classroom. AIKINS AND MURRAY DINING HALLS Facing Case Green, these adjacent dining halls serve DANCE CENTER nineteen cafeteria-style meals a week (brunch and dinner The Dance Center adjoins the Sports and Recreation only on Saturdays and Sundays) to students living in the Center. It consists of three units including two spacious residence halls on the Jonsson Campus. dance studios; a large dance, sport, and recreational area; and the fully equipped Dance Theater with adjoining dressing rooms. This is the center for dance activities during the academic year. The Dance Theater hosts professional dance companies throughout the year.

21 The Cocurricular Environment

Students choose their life experience outside the program choices and applications procedures, helps classroom just as they do their courses, major, and orient students to the cultural and personal challenges academic schedule. Many Skidmore men and women they will encounter abroad, and helps reintegrate join clubs and organizations that serve their interests and students into the life of the College when they return add dimension to their academic interests. from study abroad. The office provides administrative oversight for Skidmore’s Paris and Madrid programs Skidmore recognizes that students’ experiences outside and provides support to other Skidmore programs the classroom are as challenging and educational as abroad and Skidmore affiliations. those within. Thus the College offers many services to help students make the best use of their cocurricular time. The Office of the Dean of Student Affairs is Multicultural Students responsible for coordinating these services, which The Multicultural Students Office has primary include student academic affairs, international programs, responsibility for providing the support services needed counseling, multicultural student affairs, health services, to enhance the curricular and cocurricular experiences of Higher Education Opportunity Program, residential African American, Latino, Asian American, and Native life, religious life, career planning, student activities, and American (ALANA) students, and for coordinating the volunteer services. Members of the student affairs staff development of programs that address the needs and work together to provide effective student-life programs interests of a culturally diverse population. for the College community. The Multicultural Students Office assigns each new ALANA student to an upperclass ALANA mentor, STUDENT SERVICES who assists them in their first-year assignment. Under the auspices of the dean of student affairs, this Academic Advising and Programs office maintains an especially close working relationship The Office of the Dean of Studies, in cooperation with with the offices of Admissions, Affirmative Action, the faculty and the student affairs staff, provides Alumni Affairs, Calendar, the Dean for First-year academic guidance to students, contributes to academic Students, the Dean of Studies, Career Services, policy and curricular decisions, and coordinates a wide Counseling, Health Services, the Higher Education range of academic programs. The Dean of Studies Opportunity Program, Residential Life, Student Office assigns each first-year and entering advanced- Activities, and those academic departments and faculty standing student to a member of the faculty who can committees with special interest in interracial and cross- advise the student about course scheduling, about the cultural concerns. College’s general academic requirements, and about the This office advises the ALANA culture-focused student student’s particular field of interest. Students may seek organizations and coordinates programs such as the further advice on these and other issues from the office. Educational Leadership Corps, Mia McCoy Mentor Questions about leaves of absence, academic standing, Project, and the ALANA preorientation program. choice of major, study abroad, internships, peer tutoring, study skills, disabilities, academic integrity, honors and Residential Life prizes, graduate fellowships, international student activities, and other academic opportunities and Skidmore is committed to a cocurricular environment difficulties may be referred to this office. The Dean of that enhances and enriches the academic program while Studies Office also publishes the yearly New Student providing students with opportunities for personal and Guide to Program Planning and the Academic Information social growth, self-discovery, and an appreciation of Guide, booklets that survey all academic programs and one’s responsibilities to others. To those ends, Skidmore policies at the College. sees residential living as an integral part of the student’s education. At its best, residential living fosters a sense of International Programs community; facilitates the integration of the individual into campus activities and organizations; exposes The International Programs Office works closely with students in a direct and personal way to a pluralistic the Dean of Studies Office to organize a wide range of community of people with divergent points of view, opportunities abroad for students and faculty. The office values, lifestyles, and background experiences; 22 maintains a study-abroad library, advises students on encourages an atmosphere of free and wide-ranging Keyes Quad has comparable facilities. Howe, Rounds, expression of ideas; and develops in each person and Wait residence halls accommodate 340 students, capacities for self-direction and deep concern for others. while Jonsson Tower houses another 280. The latter, a twelve-story building, is the tallest on campus. Atop Clearly, residential living does not always meet the Jonsson Tower is the Penthouse, with lounge and ideals outlined above. Residential life is not always kitchen facilities for hall use and other College activities. comfortable, supportive, or secure. Interpersonal tensions, serious value conflicts, and discomfort caused MOORE HALL by living in close proximity with large numbers of students are not unusual. Learning to respond maturely, Moore Hall is a residence hall and dining facility located responsibly, and creatively to adversity are important on Union Avenue in Saratoga Springs, approximately elements in self-growth. Skidmore provides resources two miles from campus. This structure accommodates through its residence-hall staff, Counseling Center, 160 students on five floors. There are the traditional Chaplain’s Office, and other student affairs staff, to help “double-loaded corridors,” lavatory facilities, and lounge students adjust to residential life. areas on each floor. A glass-enclosed, circular dining room serves the residents of the building. A Skidmore Ultimately, Skidmore regards its students as maturing bus provides transportation to the campus for residents individuals and expects them to accept a large measure of Moore Hall. of responsibility for their personal and social lives. Skidmore’s room-change and off-campus living policies SKIDMORE HALL reflect the belief that students often learn more about This facility, located just south of McClellan and themselves and others by working through difficult Penfield, accommodates 128 students on three floors of situations rather than escaping them. single and double rooms. By design, the building’s All continuing full-time students and students returning flexible arrangement provides opportunities for both from leaves of absence are required to participate in the privacy and social interaction. The seminar area on the room selection process, held each spring semester first floor is designed to integrate academic and (Moore Hall is considered “on campus”). Room residential life. selection is a random-drawing procedure giving SCRIBNER VILLAGE APARTMENTS preference to class (seniors choose first, juniors choose second, etc.). The procedure provides students with a Intended for upperclass men and women, Scribner wide range of living options including College- Village houses 283 students. There are fifteen houses supervised residence apartments. All freshmen students containing fifty-six units that accommodate four, five, are required to live in College-supervised housing, six, or seven students. Each apartment is fully furnished except those living at home with a parent or guardian at and has an appropriately equipped kitchen. Students the start of their freshman year. All students living in living in Scribner Village may elect to join the meal plan the residence-hall system sign a room and board or to prepare their own food in the apartment kitchen. agreement that outlines their rights and responsibilities. OFF CAMPUS The residence halls, central to life on campus, offer a diversity of programs and are supervised by a network of In consideration of Skidmore’s commitment to an educational philosophy that supports the importance of trained upperclass students. Hall councils, comprising living in campus housing and in consideration of its both residence hall staff members and elected student representatives, develop a variety of events and programs financial obligations, all freshman full-time students must live in College-supervised housing. However, for a for the halls. limited number of upperclassmen, the option of living MOORE AND KEYES QUADRANGLES off campus is available through the room selection process. (See the Room Section Guide for specific Moore Quad consists of Kimball, Penfield, Wilmarth, options and requirements.) Preference is first given to and McClellan residence halls. Each hall houses seniors, and then to juniors. Exceptions to this policy approximately 140 students on three floors in single, may be made in the following situations: student living double, or triple rooms. In addition, each of the halls has with a parent and/or guardian and commuting daily, a large living room. There are kitchenette facilities, a student who turns twenty-two years old before the start study room, and a small lounge on each floor. of the academic year, married students, and student with child(ren). 23 Religious Life to care for the whole person by providing a wide range of clinical services, as well as education that focuses on The College is respectful of and responsive to those in increasing health awareness, health maintenance, and the community who practice the religion of their choice, illness prevention. All visits are confidential; no providing, as often as possible, options to the Skidmore information is shared without a student’s written or community that are inclusive both in tone and content. verbal permission. Skidmore welcomes student religious groups whose purposes are in harmony with the educational goals of Many clinical services are provided at no charge to the College and whose activities are open to the College Skidmore students; however, a nominal fee is charged community. Indeed, Skidmore embraces religious for some services, e.g., immunizations, oral contra- pluralism in its desire to be a vitally diverse community, ceptives, or laboratory testing. A complete listing of though its practices and policies are secular in nature and services with fees and non-fee services can be obtained its imperative is to ensure that students can meet the from the center. academic requirements of the New York State All students are required by New York State law to Department of Education. complete a health form and immunization record in Throughout the academic year there are services of order to register for classes. Proof of medical insurance is various denominations on campus; the Christian mandatory. Insurance, which covers students while “out Fellowship, the Jewish Student Union, and the Catholic of network” (away from home), may be purchased Newman Club are vibrant and active student through the College at a nominal fee., organizations. The Office of the Chaplain includes The Health and Wellness Center staff includes a chaplains for both the Newman Club and the Jewish receptionist, a licensed practical nurse, registered nurses, Student Union and a full-time interfaith chaplain. All chaplains work with campus and local religious groups nurse practitioners (certified in the areas of adolescent/ adult health, women’s health, and health education), and and offer counseling on both religious and nonreligious a substance-abuse prevention educator. The consulting concerns. Saratoga Springs communities of faith welcome students as well. physician sees students by appointment only. The center is located in Jonsson Tower and operates Faculty and administrators exercise the fullest measure weekdays from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. and weekends from 10 of good faith to insure that students will be able to fulfill their religious obligations and practices without a.m. to 5 p.m. during the academic year. In case of illness or injury that requires immediate evaluation suffering any loss of grade or programmatic access. during the hours the center is closed, members of the Absences for religious observances will not be counted among the number of “allowed absences” per course. residence hall or security staff will obtain assistance. Faculty members have the responsibility to make available to each student who is absent from class Counseling because of religious obligations the opportunity to The Counseling Center provides consultation, make up any missed coursework, exams, or course assessment, and short-term therapy on an individual requirements. Because College calendar policy prohibits and group basis without charge. Provisions for scheduling activities during study and exam periods, substance-abuse assessment, treatment, education, and student clubs and organizations desiring to schedule referral can be arranged through this office. Students religious observances during these periods may do so requiring long-term counseling may be referred to only by notifying the dean of the faculty in writing and private community resources when appropriate and by following the scheduling procedures of the Office of feasible. The office is staffed by mental health Leadership Activities. professionals from several disciplines (clinical social work, psychology, and psychiatry). All consultations Health Services are fully confidential. The Skidmore Health and Wellness Center recognizes that physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual Career Services health significantly influence the ability of a student to The Office of Career Services offers a wide array of function optimally in a college community. It is the services that help all students and alumni clarify their philosophy of the College’s Health and Wellness Center career goals and pursue career or graduate school 24 opportunities. The following services are available to Services and programs for underclass students include Skidmore students and alumni. the internship registration e-mail service, Sophomore Getting Started Week and Juniors Jump Start Week. Career counseling and career assessment are provided in Residence hall outreach programs provide group individual appointments during which a professional orientation sessions. The staff are happy to talk with all career counselor facilitates exploration of personal students and encourage early involvement with the values, interests, skills, aspirations — the building blocks office. It is wise to initiate contact during a student’s of satisfying work-related decisions. Advising regarding first year. the relationship between graduate/professional school and careers is available. Trained paraprofessionals called career development assistants get people started and COCURRICULAR ACTIVITIES insure that they take full advantage of all appropriate resources and services. Student Government Association An extensive collection of printed resources such as books, directories, periodicals, and resource files are Students may participate in the governance of the available in the Career Services library to support an College through active involvement in the Student individual’s research efforts. Government Association. This organization, which includes all members of the student body, is dedicated A World Wide Web site on the campus computer to the principles of democratic self-government and network (www.skidmore.edu/administration/career/) responsible citizenship. SGA operates under authority has been established to post internships, jobs, and granted by the College’s board of trustees. recruiting opportunities to students and alumni. A database of over 10,000 internship opportunities has The SGA Senate is made up of students elected from been developed through internship-sharing initiatives the residential units and the student body at large. It is with other colleges. Links to additional job/internship the major legislative body for the students. The Interhall leads, employment databases, and graduate school links Board, also elected from the residences, reviews College are found on our page. policies relevant to campus services and student life issues, and deals with functions of residence hall In addition to subscribing to numerous job listing governance and cocurricular programming. The All resources, the office regularly publishes several of its own College Council, made up of students, faculty, and newsletters to keep the entire student body aware of administrators, and chaired by the president of the pertinent opportunities and their deadlines. Students College, studies and acts upon recommendations for who register with the office will also receive targeted policy reform that affect campus life and the College mailings regarding job/internship opportunities that fall community at large. Academic Council is comprised of within their specific areas of interest. two student representatives from every academic department who serve as liaisons between the majors/ Our Alumni/Parent Career Advisor Network has over 2,300 volunteers prepared to help people explore the minors and the faculty of the various departments; the council initiates proposals and reviews policies related to world of work and identify appropriate job and academic life. internship leads. Many career advisors volunteer to sponsor students who participate in our annual Job In addition to these major bodies, students serve as Shadowing Program. Students can spend up to one full representatives to faculty committees, administrative day on the job, shadowing a sponsor with whom they committees, and College task forces. There are also all- have been matched. student SGA committees concerned with traditional events, student elections, SGA budget, and public Annual networking programs in Boston, New York relations. City, and Washington, D.C., link regional alumni with students. These events are useful for both gathering Disciplinary concerns are handled through the College information about potential career fields and identifying tripartite judicial committees: the Social Integrity Board, job and internship leads. the Academic Integrity Board, and the Board of Review. Our recruiting program for seniors includes on- and off- The Student Handbook outlines student and campus services, College policies, and the Skidmore Honor Code. campus interview opportunities and recruiting events, such as the Boston and New York City career days. 25 In addition, SGA sponsors more than eighty-five Performing Opportunities student clubs and organizations representing a broad and diverse range of interests. MUSIC Falstaff’s, the Skidmore social pavilion on campus, is Skidmore’s musical organizations accommodate a variety managed and funded by the SGA. This facility, separ- of musical preferences. They are open to all interested ately incorporated as a not-for-profit organization, is students, regardless of major, and faculty by audition. directed by a board of students, faculty, and staff. Events The fifty-voice Skidmore Chorus performs a repertoire such as Lively Lucy’s Coffeehouse, DJ nights, band of works from the Middle Ages to the present. The jamborees, hall dinners, special luncheons, receptions, Vocal Chamber Ensemble, a small select subgroup of and leadership retreats are frequently held at Falstaff’s. the chorus, performs a wide variety of a cappella and accompanied music. The Skidmore Opera/Musical Student Organizations Theater Workshop presents scenes and complete works from classical through modern operatic repertoire and Many special or regularly scheduled events are from American musical theater. conducted by organizations sponsored through SGA. The Student Entertainment Company is responsible for The Skidmore Orchestra, a seventy-member orchestra concerts, parties, and other all-College social activities. of Skidmore’s best instrumentalists supplemented by Swing Fever provides ballroom-dance instruction, while professional musicians, performs major symphonic Pure Energy offers dancing to techno as an alternative. repertoire from the Baroque period to the present. The Student Speakers Bureau brings to campus Skidmore chamber ensembles, which are comprised of stimulating lecturers, columnists, entertainers, artists, pianists, brass, woodwind, and string players, are and authors. The four classes that comprise Interclass coached weekly by faculty. Each group performs at the Council organize four major weekends throughout the end of the semester. year: Oktoberfest, Ring Weekend, Winter Carnival, and The Skidmore Jazz Ensemble, a big band, and several Spring Fling. small jazz ensembles rehearse weekly and perform on In addition, many special-interest groups representative and off campus. The Guitar Ensemble and the Flute of such areas as multicultural diversity, health and Ensemble perform in midday and evening concerts. In wellness, the environment, voluntary community service, addition, string and wind chamber ensembles perform and the visual and performing arts contribute to a rich every semester. variety of programs and to the college experience. The West African Drum Ensemble is devoted to the Many academic departments are affiliated with a student performance of the traditional music of Ghana, focusing academic club, which sponsors a variety of activities on hand-drumming techniques. Students play on drums relevant to the academic discipline. In addition, SGA and bells imported from Africa in a select ensemble of supports a number of athletic and recreation clubs such around eighteen members. as the Outing Club, as well as the Aerobics, Cycling, Four a cappella singing groups, the Sonneteers, the Kung Fu, Men’s Volleyball, Sailing, Skiing, Women’s Accents, the Bandersnatchers, and the Dynamics are Ice Hockey, Ultimate Frisbee, and Polo clubs. student-directed SGA organizations specializing in barbershop, jazz, and popular songs from the 1920s to Media Opportunities the present. The Sonneteers and the Accents are all- women groups, the Bandersnatchers is a men’s group, Student media opportunities include the student and the Dynamics is a coed group. newspaper, the Skidmore News, the College’s FM stereo radio station, WSPN, and closed-circuit TV station, THEATER TV-3. The yearbook, Eromdiks, long regarded as the senior’s chronicle of events, is published by students. The Bernhard Theater is the scene of several fully Folio, an arts and literary journal, and Politeia, a journal mounted productions each year as well as student and of opinion in the social sciences and philosophy, are faculty workshops, all of which afford experience in published annually. Skoop on Skidmore, a guide for new design, production, and acting. All productions are open students, is produced by the Orientation Committee. to the College community. Each year SGA publishes the Student Handbook . 26 The Ad-Liberal Artists, a group of eight to ten students, program as an integral part of the overall educational write, improvise, and perform their own comedy program and the athlete as an integral member of the material, and the student-run Cabaret Troupe produces student body, Skidmore College affirms an educa- musical-theater works. tionally, rather than commercially, oriented program.

DANCE In addition to coeducational riding, Skidmore fields intercollegiate men’s teams in baseball, basketball, crew, Dance at Skidmore has a long and distinguished golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, soccer, swimming and diving, tradition. Offering academic as well as technical study, and tennis; and women’s teams in basketball, crew, field it encompasses a variety of interests including ballet, hockey, lacrosse, soccer, softball, swimming and diving, modern/contemporary dance, ethnic dance, jazz, tennis, and volleyball. Consult page 160 for the names of improvisation and choreography, history and repertory head coaches and athletics personnel. of dance, dance production, independent study, seminars, and special dance forms of both the Western In compliance with the Equity on Athletics Disclosure and Eastern worlds (such as pointe, character, dance for Act, Skidmore College publishes an annual report that the child, music for dancers, yoga, Bharata Natyam, and includes participation rates, financial support, and other African). There is also an active student dance club, information on men’s and women’s intercollegiate Terpsichore. athletic programs. The report is available upon request.

The Dance Program invites visiting artists to offer INTRAMURALS workshops, master classes, performances, and lectures A thriving intramural program provides a wide variety throughout the year. of coeducational sports activities at a nonvarsity level. Students who share similar enthusiasms also join Athletics, Intramurals, and Recreation together to form activity clubs.

Athletic, intramural, and recreational activities are an INFORMAL AND INDIVIDUAL ACTIVITIES important part of the Skidmore experience. Faculty, students, and administrators have joined in a cooperative The Sports and Recreation Center is open from 7 a.m. effort to provide an intercollegiate, intramural, and to 10 p.m. for students to pursue informal activities such recreational program that serves the needs of students of as jogging, swimming, weight training, racquetball, all levels of skills and abilities. On campus and beyond, squash, basketball, volleyball, indoor soccer, and aerobics. recreational opportunities abound for the individual Complementing the facilities especially designed for enthusiast as well as for the student seeking group sports — the sports center, tennis courts, playing fields, activities in intramural or intercollegiate athletics. the outdoor athletic complex, and the Van Lennep INTERCOLLEGIATE TEAMS Riding Center — are the natural recreation grounds of the campus itself. Set among woods and hills and Skidmore College is affiliated with the NCAA, ECAC, open meadows, the campus is alive at all seasons with UCAA, and NYSWCAA. Intercollegiate athletic teams unstructured sports activity, as hikers, joggers, and cross- compete against Northeast area colleges in appropriately country skiers set their courses along the trails that wind challenging schedules, as well as encountering teams through the wooded campus. Backpacking, rock from across the country on regional tours. Skidmore is a climbing, and wilderness weekends are popular, with the member of the Upstate Collegiate Athletic Association, Outing Club organizing trips and providing camping which provides conference play among the eight equipment. member institutions. THE SURROUNDING AREA The intercollegiate athletic program provides an equal opportunity for growth and development for a socially, The city of Saratoga Springs offers additional opportu- economically, and racially diverse group of men and nities for golf, bowling, racquet sports, and ice skating. women. Viewed as an integral part of liberal-arts Nearby areas offer a wide range of recreational activity. education, and representing Skidmore College across the Located in the foothills of the Adirondack Mountains, state, region, and nation, the intercollegiate athletic Skidmore is only one hour from major ski resorts, while program is an important element in a student’s overall Lake George and Saratoga Lake are available for sailing development. By maintaining the intercollegiate athletic and water sports. State parks with trails for cross- country skiing, biking, and hiking are readily accessible. 27 Admission

Skidmore seeks students who demonstrate strong Required supplementary forms and instructions are academic ability, intellectual curiosity, open- included with the application materials sent to the mindedness, and an energetic commitment to learning. candidate from the Admissions Office. Students filing Since students learn not only from the faculty but from the Common Application must submit a recommend- each other, Skidmore also seeks diversity in its student ation from their guidance counselor and assessments body, looking for a wide geographical distribution and a from two teachers. All supplementary forms should be variety of talents, interests, and backgrounds. returned to the Admissions Office by February 1. Because the number of qualified students applying for Skidmore College encourages applications from admission exceeds the limited size of each entering class, economically and academically disadvantaged New it is not possible to admit all candidates who could be York State resident students who meet the criteria of the expected to succeed at Skidmore. The Admissions Higher Education Opportunity Program (HEOP). To Committee strives to admit those students whose obtain information about HEOP, contact: abilities, interests, character, and background give them Director, HEOP the greatest promise of profiting from and contributing Skidmore College to Skidmore College. Saratoga Springs, New York 12866-1632 The committee’s primary emphasis is on the strength of 518-580-5770 a student’s academic record, as evidenced by quality of secondary school courses, classroom achievement, and standardized test scores. Personal qualities, accomplish- Early Decision ments, interests, and capacity for growth are also Skidmore’s Early Decision (ED) Plans are designed for strongly considered, so careful attention is paid to qualified high school seniors who have examined their recommendations, the student’s personal statement, college preferences thoroughly and have decided that and, where applicable, the interview. Skidmore College is their first choice. Although candidates for Early Decision at Skidmore may initiate Application Guidelines applications to other colleges, it is understood that they will immediately withdraw them and enroll at Skidmore The admissions staff welcomes communication with if accepted under an Early Decision Plan. prospective candidates, their parents, and school advisors. Correspondence should be addressed to: Skidmore offers both a Round I and a Round II Early Director of Admissions, Skidmore College, Saratoga Decision Plan. Applications for the Round I Early Springs, NY 12866-1632, or via e-mail at Decision Plan may be submitted any time up to [email protected] December 1, with notification by January 1. The Round II application deadline is January 15, with notification Students apply for admission by completing the by February 15. application and returning it to the Admissions Office accompanied by the application fee of $45. No Most Early Decision candidates who are not admitted application can be processed until this fee is received. under an ED plan will be deferred for reconsideration The fee is a service charge and is not refundable, nor is without prejudice during the “regular” admissions it credited on any subsequent bill. In cases of economic process. ED applicants who clearly would be inadmis- hardship and on the recommendation of the high school sible in the spring are given a final negative decision at principal or guidance counselor, the application fee may the time of Early Decision. be waived. Requests for a fee waiver should be sent to Early Decision candidates who are applying for financial the director of admissions. aid should carefully follow the filing instructions given Skidmore College participates in the Common on page 32. Application in use by more than 190 colleges and For further information on Early Decision, contact the universities in the United States. Applicants may Admissions Office. submit the Skidmore application obtained directly from the Admissions Office or the Common Application available at most secondary schools across the country. The Admissions Committee does not give preference to one form over the other. 28 Requirements for Admission Admissions Interviews and Campus Visits Candidates for admission are expected to complete a Although an interview is not mandatory, a personal secondary school program with a minimum of four interview allows the Admissions Committee to learn academic subjects each year, or the equivalent of sixteen more about the candidate as an individual and enables college-preparatory credits. Qualified juniors may be the candidate to learn more about Skidmore. For those considered for early admission. For further information, reasons, prospective candidates are urged to visit see Early Admission, page 30. Skidmore for an interview by February 1 of their senior year. Interviews are typically preceded or followed by a Preparation for Skidmore should include four years of tour of the campus with a student guide. Interviews and English, three or more years of mathematics, three or tours are offered weekdays from 9 a.m. to 3:30 p.m. more years of social science, two or more years of throughout the year and on Saturday mornings from laboratory science, and three or more years of a foreign September through May. Appointments should be made language. well in advance by contacting the Admissions Office at The Admissions Committee, recognizing that school 1-800-867-6007 or 518-580-5570. If a campus visit is curricula vary, is always willing to consider the impossible, the Admissions Office can help candidates application of an able student whose preparation, while arrange to be interviewed by an alumni admissions differing from the plan suggested, nevertheless gives representative in their area. Candidates can also visit evidence of continuity in the study of fundamental Skidmore on the World Wide Web at: subjects and readiness for college. www.skidmore.edu. Applications should be submitted as early as possible in While students and parents are welcome to visit the senior year but no later than February 1. High academic departments when the College is in session, school transcripts and teacher recommendations should they are asked to remember that the faculty have also be on file in the Admissions Office by February 1. primary commitments to teaching, advising, and scholarship. Accordingly, if a meeting with a faculty An informational brochure and instruction sheet are member in a particular department is desired, included with the application packet. For details on prospective candidates are requested to make financial aid, see pages 37-46. arrangements through the Admissions Office well Students seriously interested in art, music, dance, in advance of the intended visit. theater, or creative writing may want to submit brief representations of their work or supplementary Information for Students with Disabilities recommendations. Prospective studio art majors are not required to submit a portfolio. However, students with a Applicants who identify themselves as having a serious interest in studio art are welcome to send ten to disability during the admissions process are considered twenty 35mm slides of their work to the Admissions for admission on the same competitive basis as other Office no later than January 15. Slides should be encased applicants. The Office of the Dean of Studies is glad to in 9-by-11-inch plastic slide sheets and clearly labelled review available services with and provide advice to with name, medium, size, date, and “top” of work. students with disabilities. Although no formal program Applicants who wish their slides, tapes, video, or writing exists at the College, Skidmore does employ a part-time to be returned should include a stamped, self-addressed disabilities specialist who acts as a resource for students envelope. in need of modification and accommodations on campus and in the classroom. If a student anticipates Although a decision on each application is given by the requesting services from the disabilities specialist, he/ Committee in late March, all offers of admission are she should be prepared to provide the following contingent upon the satisfactory completion of the information at the time of enrollment: senior year at a level comparable to that on which the acceptance was based. The Admissions Committee 1. Documentation and diagnosis of a specific reserves the right to rescind an offer of admission if handicapping condition that is not older than three subsequent evidence is presented that a candidate has years. The evaluation should be completed by a misrepresented himself or herself, has purposely violated specialist in the area of the handicapping condition application procedures, or has failed to complete his or (e.g., educational psychologist, certified school her senior year in a satisfactory manner. psychologist, psychiatrist). 29 2. Specific recommendations from the professional requires either the College Board Scholastic Assessment conducting the evaluation, which list reasonable Test (SAT I) or the ACT examination of the American accommodations and modifications that would benefit Testing Service, and strongly recommends (but does not the student on a college campus. require) three SAT II: Subject Tests, including Writing. A foreign language subject test is recommended for All enrolled students receive an application for placement purposes. If a student does not take a foreign accommodation for students with disabilities. Students language subject test, he or she will be asked to take a with a documented disability should complete the similar placement examination during first-year student application and return it with the required document- orientation. Students for whom English is not their first ation to the disabilities specialist in the Dean of Studies language should submit the results of the Test of English Office. Using the information from the application and as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) in addition to either the diagnostic materials provided, the disabilities the SAT I or ACT. All testing should be completed by specialist will assist the student in developing an December of the applicant’s final year of high school. individualized system of support that is specific to the student’s needs. After their arrival at Skidmore, SAT I, ACT, SAT II: Subject Tests, and TOEFL students will then meet with the disabilities specialist. registration forms are available in high school guidance offices. The College Entrance Examination Board and Among the most commonly requested accommodations the American College Testing Service will also send free are extended time on tests, alternate testing locations, of charge to any school or applicant a copy of its bulletin, permission to use tape recorders and laptop computers which contains all information on test fees and in class, peer tutors, and assistance with skills such as examination centers. The CEEB booklet may be time management and organization. obtained by writing to the College Board, ATP, Box Skidmore also provides an excellent range of academic 592, Princeton, New Jersey 08541. The ACT booklet is support services for the general student population, available at P.O. Box 414, Iowa City, Iowa 52243. services that may also be of help to students with For credit granted by Skidmore for Advanced Placement disabilities. These academic supports include a writing Tests administered by CEEB, see page 49. center, a math and computer science laboratory, a foreign language laboratory, peer tutoring for most The Admissions Office requests that the results of all courses offered by the College, and a counseling center. standardized testing be sent directly to the College from the appropriate testing service. Applicants should bear in mind that all students must fulfill foreign language, expository writing, mathe- matics, laboratory science, and other requirements of Midyear Admission the Skidmore curriculum. Since the curriculum Skidmore welcomes applications for midyear admission represents Skidmore’s definition of a sound liberal arts from students who will be beginning their college careers education, requirements are never waived. However, in the spring semester and from transfer students who under a few exceptional circumstances, the College may have at least one full semester of transferable credit from consider substituting a course or courses for a another college. Students interested in midyear admis- curriculum requirement. In such instances, students sion should submit their applications by November 15. must submit diagnostic documentation that confirms the presence of a specific disability that would prohibit them from achieving the goals of this requirement. Early Admission For more information, contact the disabilities specialist The Admissions Committee will consider applications in the Office of the Dean of Studies: 518-580-5727. for fall admission from candidates who wish to enter college prior to the normal completion of a secondary school program of study, i.e., at the end of the junior year Standardized Testing of high school. In such a case, the committee gives While the Admissions Committee considers a student’s special consideration to the reasons for the candidate’s classroom performance in a rigorous academic program desiring such admission, the recommendation of to be the best indicator of potential for success at secondary school guidance officials, and the candidate’s Skidmore, standardized test scores may also provide maturity and potential for dealing with both the useful measures of academic promise. Skidmore academic and social demands of college life. An interview 30 with a member of the admissions staff is recommended Admission of International Students* for all candidates seeking admission under the Early Applications from international students and U.S. Admission Plan. citizens studying abroad are welcomed and receive special attention throughout the evaluation process. Transferring to Skidmore International students must submit transcripts of all Each year the College admits students who wish to secondary- and university-level work undertaken as well transfer from other accredited colleges or universities. as records of all official university matriculation exami- Such students should have maintained a strong record of nations taken in their own country. Those taking the achievement in liberal arts courses taken at colleges General Certificate of Examination must successfully previously attended. Transfer applicants should have complete “O” Level Examinations in at least five subject taken the SAT I or the ACT, but SAT IIs are not areas, including English language. (For further informa- required. tion regarding transfer of credit for university level study A candidate for admission with advanced standing and examinations, see page 50.) They must also take should complete and return the application, either the SAT I or the ACT examination. Those for accompanied by a fee of $45, to the Office of whom English is not their first language must also Admissions by November 15 for admission in January submit the results of the Test of English as a Foreign or by April 1 for admission in September. Language (TOEFL). Arrangements for these examinations should be made at least two months in An official transcript (or transcripts) of all college-level advance of the test date. work done through the most recently completed semester must be submitted. A transcript of college English is the language of instruction at Skidmore, and work currently in progress should be sent as soon as one it is necessary that all students be proficient in reading, is available in the event that the Admissions Committee writing, and speaking English. (Generally, a score of feels it is necessary to review final grades for those 230 on the TOEFL examination is regarded as an courses before rendering a decision. Applicants should indicator of minimal proficiency for study at the also submit a high school transcript, two recommend- College.) Skidmore does not offer English as a Second ations from professors who have taught the applicant in Language or other special courses for students who are academic courses, and the Dean’s Report included in the not proficient in English. application packet. Skidmore is not able to offer financial assistance Transfer candidates will be notified of the Admissions to students who are not United States citizens or Committee’s decision as soon after the pertinent permanent residents of the United States. Certification deadline as possible. The committee expects that final that financial obligations can be met will be required by records will be consistent with the record available at the Skidmore and also by the United States agency issuing a time an offer of admission is made. visa. The United States Immigration Form I-20 will be issued after the enrollment deposit has been paid. A tentative evaluation of transfer credit will be available upon request at the time of an acceptance; the definitive The academic year at Skidmore is made up of two evaluation is done by the Office of the Registrar and is semesters, one running from the beginning of not available until after the student has enrolled at September to late December, and the second from mid- Skidmore. Only courses in which a student has received January to the beginning of May. Summer recess runs a grade of “C” or better are transferable. (See page 50, from May through August and may be utilized for travel Transfer of Credit.) or study. During this period, students must pay their own expenses. Housing is not available during breaks At least sixty semester hours of the 120 semester hours between semesters, and students taking summer courses required for graduation from Skidmore must be earned will be charged additional tuition, room, and board fees. through enrollment in Skidmore College courses.

*Skidmore College is authorized under federal law to enroll nonimmigrant alien students. 31 Application Deadlines Only those accepted candidates whose financial aid applications are complete will be considered for financial APPLICATIONS aid awards. Candidates accepting awards must submit a First-year student applications should be filed by copy of their latest IRS tax returns. To qualify for February 1 for regular decision and by December 1 financial aid consideration, applicants must be U.S. (Round I) or January 15 (Round II) for early decision. citizens or hold permanent resident status in the U.S. Transfer applications should be filed by April 1. First-year students who elect to enroll at Skidmore Midyear applications should be filed by November 15. without financial assistance from the College may All applications must be accompanied by a $45 fee. apply for consideration for aid beginning with the first SCHOOL TRANSCRIPTS semester of their junior year. Transfer students who enroll without grant assistance from the College are The Secondary School Report form should be eligible to apply for grant assistance after two semesters submitted to the Admissions Office by the appropriate of matriculated enrollment at Skidmore or when they application deadline and midyear grades as soon as they become juniors, whichever comes later. are available. The appropriate forms are included in the application packet. NOTIFICATION

TEACHER RECOMMENDATIONS Early Decision candidates are notified in accordance with the timetable outlined under “Early Decision.” Two teacher evaluation forms are included with the Regular decision candidates hear from the College in application and should be submitted as early as possible, late March. Notification of financial aid eligibility/ but no later than the appropriate application deadline. awards is mailed simultaneously with notification of admission. STANDARDIZED TESTING The SAT I or ACT must be taken no later than KEY DATES FOR CANDIDATES TO REMEMBER December of the senior year. The SAT I or ACT is November 15 Application deadline for midyear required; three SAT II: Subject Tests, including admission. Writing and one in a foreign language, are strongly recommended but not required. Students for whom December 1 Application deadline for Round I English is not their first language should submit results Early Decision Plan. of the Test of English as a Foreign Language January 1 Mailing of Round I Early Decision (TOEFL). The Admissions Committee requires that notifications. the official score reports be sent directly from the appropriate testing service. Skidmore’s CEEB code is January 15 Application deadline for Round II 2815, the ACT code is 2906. Early Decision Plan.

FINANCIAL AID February 1 Application deadline for regular admission; deadline for financial aid A Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), application. and the PROFILE form of the College Scholarship Service must be submitted no later than February 1. February 15 Mailing of Round II Early Decision New applicants obtain the FAFSA and the registration notifications. for the PROFILE form from their high school Late March Mailing of admission and financial aid guidance office. Financial aid applicants who are decisions to regular decision applying for admission under either Early Decision candidates. Plan must file the PROFILE form of the College Scholarship Service by the appropriate early decision April 1 Application deadline for fall transfer application deadline. Skidmore’s FAFSA code is admission. 002814, the PROFILE code is 2815. May 1 Deadline for receipt of enrollment deposits from accepted first-year candidates. (This is the uniform Candidates’ Reply Date.) 32 Fees and Expenses

Nonmatriculated Students Fees for the academic year 1999-2000 are stated below. Checks for fees should be made payable to Skidmore VISITING STUDENTS College. Students from other institutions may spend a year or a Annual fees (which include health care as outlined on semester at Skidmore College as visiting students while page 35) are as follows: concurrently maintaining enrollment at their own colleges. For information write to the registrar at Tuition ...... $ 24,000 Skidmore College. Residence Hall Room ...... $ 3,900 (College Apartment...... $ 4,575) SPECIAL STUDENTS Board ...... $ 3,050 Special students are not matriculated at Skidmore but may take a partial or full load of courses each semester, Schedule of Payments up to a maximum total of ten courses. Special students register on a space-available basis through the Registrar’s BALANCE OF PAYMENTS Office and pay a fee for each semester hour of credit. An application form may be obtained from the Office of the Payments are due to the College in accord with the Registrar. A $25 application fee is charged annually. following schedule: Tuition, Room, and Board Fee* CONTINUATION STANDARDS FOR NON-MATRICULATED August 1, 1999 STUDENTS Returning students who have paid All students enrolling on a non-matriculated basis are a $400 returning deposit pay ...... $15,075 expected to complete their academic work in a satis- (Entering students who have paid factory manner according to the chart below. Failure to an enrollment deposit pay $15,375) meet these standards will result in a review by the December 15, 1999 ...... $15,475 Committee on Academic Standing and possible withdrawal from the institution. Tuition and Apartment Fee August 1, 1999 After course number: Cumulative GPA required: Returning students who have paid 1 ...... 1.50 a $400 returning deposit pay ...... $13,888 (Entering students who have paid an 2 ...... 1.67 enrollment deposit pay $14,188) 3 ...... 1.85 December 15, 1999 ...... $14,287

4 - 10 ...... 2.00 Tuition Fee After 10...... must matriculate August 1, 1999 or withdraw Returning students who have paid a $400 returning deposit pay ...... $11,600 (Entering students who have paid an Students who fall below these standards may apply for enrollment deposit pay $11,900) a one-time nonrenewable waiver in order to continue December 15, 1999 ...... $12,000 enrollment. Petitions will be reviewed by the Committee on Academic Standing, and the decision of the commit- tee will be based on academic evidence indicating the * Students residing in triple rooms will receive a reduced schedule of payments as will students who choose a student’s potential for success. fourteen-meal plan. Employees taking course but not interested in obtaining Students living in Scribner Village apartments or off campus a degree may petition the Committee on Academic may elect a board plan or purchase meals individually in the Standing for a waiver of the ten course limit. dining halls or the Spa (the College-operated lunch and snack facility).

33 LATE PAYMENTS Fees

Fees are payable at the Office of Financial Services on OVERLOADS/UNDERLOADS the dates indicated above. Incidental charges and miscellaneous fees (i.e., extra course fees) are due upon The standard course load for a full-time student is receipt of bills. Students must pay their fees on schedule fifteen semester hours each semester. An overload is or make definite arrangements with the Office of defined as any program over seventeen semester hours. Financial Services for late payment, before being There is an additional fee per semester hour for permitted to attend class or occupy a room in a programs over seventeen semester hours. subsequent term. Special payment arrangements are Full-time students must be enrolled in programs with a made on a case-by-case basis and may be extended to minimum of twelve semester hours of credit each families experiencing an unexpected medical or financial semester. There is no refund for those students who are hardship or other extenuating circumstances. Any carrying at least twelve but less than the standard load of special arrangements must be agreed upon in writing fifteen semester hours. between the Office of Financial Services and the student at least one week before the payment is due. Matriculated students who wish to take fewer than twelve semester hours of credit (an underload) must When an account is in arrears, registration for a request part-time status. Part-time students pay for subsequent semester will be denied and transcript and each semester hour of credit and an application fee. diploma will be withheld. Delinquent accounts will be assessed a late fee each month equal to 1.5 percent of the Semester hour fee ...... $ 800 past due balance. Application fee ...... $ 25

MONTHLY PAYMENT PLAN GENERAL DEPOSIT...... $ 200 The College offers a monthly payment plan whereby Deducted from $300 nonrefundable enrollment deposit students may pay all or part of their anticipated 1999- paid at time of acceptance. Refund of general deposit 2000 annual charges (tuition, room, board, and fees less will be made to students withdrawing or following financial aid and deposits) in up to ten equal monthly graduation. The College will deduct from the deposit installments. Payments are due the 15th of each month, any charges not previously paid. with final payment due February 15, 2000. There are no REQUIRED FEES income requirements or credit qualifications to participate, and there are no finance charges. The only Application for Admission...... $ 45 cost of participation is a nonrefundable application fee Payable by entering students at the time of application, which ranges from $50 to $75 depending on when one nonrefundable joins the plan. Detailed information on the Skidmore Student Activity Fee (estimate) ...... $ 260 College Installment Plan (SCIP) is sent to all students Determined each spring by the Student Government in April. Association and used to cover costs for student TUITION PREPAYMENT (TUITION STABILIZATION PLAN) publications, speakers, organizations, and other activities for the following year. Payable July 15. A student may prepay tuition charges, thus guaranteeing against future increases for two, three, or four years of SPECIAL FEES full-time academic study. The amount will be at the Off-Campus Study Fee (estimate)...... $ 800 prevailing tuition charge for the following semester Beginning with spring 2000, there will be a per-semester times the number of semesters being prepaid. Details of fee for study abroad and for certain other designated off- this plan are sent to all students in May. Please contact campus programs. These fees will support the new the Office of Financial Services for more information. Office of International Programs (consult with the Dean of Studies Office for details on fee structure and financial aid). Practicum Fee...... $ 100 Payable by students enrolled in student teaching and also by students in social work field practicum as 34 contribution toward expenses for travel of supervisors and cooperating teachers or agency heads. Special Art, Music, and Physical Activity Fees Other Expenses Listed under respective departments. Tuition Insurance (Optional) Room Change Fee ...... $ 15 A tuition insurance refund plan is offered by the College through A.W.G. Dewar Inc. to insure that 100 percent Summer School of a semester’s tuition and room fees are returned to a Fees available from the Office of Special Programs. student when the student has to withdraw from school Transcript of Academic Record for a medical reason. The cost of the insurance is One copy ...... $ 5 approximately 1 percent of tuition and room fees. Credential File Details of this plan are sent to all students in May. Each set ...... $ 3 Arrangements to participate in the plan should be made directly with A.W.G. Dewar Inc. Students and alumni have the option of paying a flat fee Health Insurance of $75 to cover mailing of transcripts and credential Estimate ...... $ 475/year files. Students who elect to pay this one-time fee will All students must be covered by medical insurance. The not be subject to the per copy fees assessed each time a College offers a plan that must be subscribed to unless transcript or file is requested. Additional information alternate coverage is in place. Details of this plan will be can be obtained from the Registrar’s Office (transcript) sent to all students in May. Payment is due in July. or the Career Services Office (credential file). Linen Rental Service (Optional) SPECIAL STUDENTS Estimate ...... $ 75/year Special students are not matriculated at the College, but This service, offered by a linen supply company, sends may take a partial or full load of courses each semester application forms to students in late summer. Payment up to a maximum total of ten courses while holding is made directly to the company. The service provides, special student status. They pay an application fee and a each week the College is in session, two sheets, a fee for each semester hour of credit. pillowcase, and three towels. Pickup and delivery made to residences. Application Fee ...... $ 25 Payable once every academic year by non-matriculated Books and Supplies (estimate)...... $ 500-600/year or part-time matriculated students at the time of initial These items may be purchased with cash, VISA, or registration for one or more courses taken for credit or MasterCard at the Skidmore Shop. audit. HOUSING Credit Course Fee All residence hall rooms carry the same charge, except Semester hour fee ...... $ 800 when students reside in triple accommodations. Each Payable at the time of course registration. student is furnished with a bed, desk, chair, and chest of Audit Fee drawers. Bed linens, blankets, and towels must be One course ...... $ 125 supplied by the individual. Students are responsible for One course in studio art, dance, or theater...... $ 310 the care and cleaning of their rooms. Payable at the time of course registration for courses for The student rooms in the Scribner Village apartments which no credit will be received. are similarly furnished. Students have the responsibility Senior Citizen Audit Fee for the care and cleaning of their rooms and the One course in studio art...... $265 commonly shared areas of their apartments. Skidmore requires that students accept responsibility for Student Activity Fee damage done to College property, whether caused by The amount equal to approximately one-half the full individuals or by groups. Information on financial student activity fee payable when registering for twelve responsibility for damages may be found in the Student or more semester hours per semester. Handbook in the “Student Life” section. The College does not carry fire, theft, or other insurances to cover personal possessions. Such coverage may be included in policies carried by parents. 35 Room assignments for returning students are processed The College’s refund policy is the same as the federal during the spring semester. Room assignments for refund policy for all students. entering students are based upon the date the enroll- Withdrawal from the College shall entitle any student ment deposit is received. Final confirmation of one’s who is not a first-time student to a refund of tuition, housing preference will be made after receipt of the first room and/or board and student activity fee, less the semester charges. Entering students are notified of advance deposit for that semester and any prepayments specific assignments in August. Room change requests, already made for successive terms, according to the for which there is a $15 service fee, are honored by the following schedule: Office of Residential Life when possible. Prior to the second day of classes ...... 100% refund BOARD Within second day of classes to 10% of enrollment ...... Students living in the residence halls contract for a board period ...... 90% refund plan that provides nineteen meals per week served in the Within 10% and 25% of enrollment period...50% refund College’s dining halls. Within 25% and 50% of enrollment period...25% refund Over 50% of enrollment period ...... No refund The College also offers a fourteen-meal plan to residents who may wish to eat in the dining halls on a regular Enrollment period is defined as the first day of classes to basis but less frequently than provided by the full board the last day of final exams within a semester. plan. If a student chooses this meal plan his or her Any first-time student who receives Title IV (federal account is credited. student) aid and withdraws from the College will have Students living in Scribner Village apartments or off the tuition, room and/or board and student activity fee campus may elect a full board plan or may purchase prorated for up to 60 percent of the enrollment period meals individually in the dining halls or the Spa, the (ninth week of classes). College-operated lunch and snack facility. In addition, No reduction in the charge for board is made to students there is a lunch plan available that provides four meals who are absent from the College. per week. Leaves of Absence REFUNDS A student granted an academic or personal leave of Since faculty and staff salary commitments must be absence will be given a refund for prepaid tuition, room, made in advance and the costs of plant operation are and board charges in accordance with the College fixed, the College must follow a very limited refund refund policy for the semester or semesters the student policy. Refunds for a student enrolled and attending will not be in attendance at Skidmore. The advance classes will be issued only after the registrar has received returning deposit of $400 will be deducted from the written notice of withdrawal from the student. In refund to reserve a place for the student’s return. extraordinary circumstances, notice may be accepted Medical Leave of Absence from a parent or guardian. The receipted date by the Students granted a medical leave of absence will be given registrar will be considered as the withdrawal date. a refund in accordance with the College refund policy. A The Office of Financial Services will determine the tuition insurance plan is offered by the College to insure billed charges for the period of attendance, while the that 100 percent of a semester’s tuition and room fees Office of Student Aid and Family Finance will are returned to a student when the student has to determine the refund and/or repayments to the federal, withdraw from school due to a medical reason. Please state, and College aid programs when the student is refer to the “Other Expenses” section for additional receiving financial aid. The order of refunding federal information on this plan. aid is: Federal Stafford Loan, Federal Perkins Loan, Federal Pell Grant, and Federal SEOG. (For information concerning housing, academic requirements, and financial responsibilities, please refer to the current Information on Leaves of Absence bulletin.)

36 Financial Aid

Off-Campus Programs Administered by the Office of Student Aid and Family Refund policies for all programs of study conducted at Finance, the purposes of financial aid at Skidmore sites other than Skidmore’s Saratoga campus are College are to give those students who could not governed by the refund policies of the host institution or otherwise afford it the opportunity to attend the program. These policies will often be more limited than College; to attract and retain a qualified, talented, those described in the preceding sections. At a diverse student body that can be expected to contribute minimum, funds already expended or committed by substantially to the academic and social life of the Skidmore for the purposes of off-campus study will not community; while distributing available funds in a fair be refunded to the student. Students and parents should and equitable way. check carefully on the refund policies of such off-campus Currently approximately 37 percent of Skidmore opportunities. students are receiving College-administered scholar- Appeals ships, grants, loans, and/or work awards, which are Appeals for exceptions to the financial policies of the offered singly or in various combinations. In total, 49 College, because of unusual circumstances, may be made percent of the students at Skidmore receive some form in writing to the director of financial services. of assistance from the College or from outside sources. Numerous financing plans and options are available to ADVANCE DEPOSITS FOR 2000-01 ACADEMIC YEAR families not eligible for need-based financial aid. (See 1. A nonrefundable enrollment deposit of $300 is page 34 for monthly payment and tuition prepayment required from entering students upon acceptance. $100 plans.) is credited against tuition at the time of initial billing and $200 is credited to the General Deposit. The largest contributor of student financial aid funds is the College, although federal and state programs and 2. A deposit of $400 is required in the spring semester private donors assist significantly. Skidmore participates from all returning students. The $400 deposit will be in the following federal programs: Federal Pell Grants, billed February 2000, payable March 15, 2000, and will Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grants be credited against tuition at the time of initial billing; (SEOG), Federal Perkins Loans, Federal Stafford $200 of this deposit will be refunded to withdrawing Loans, and Federal Work-Study Program. students notifying the registrar in writing by June 15, after which there will be no refund. Federal funds are administered by the College in accordance with government regulations and the 3. A late fee of $25 will be assessed for advance deposit College’s general policies relating to financial aid. payments received after March 15, 2000. Students from New York, Rhode Island, and Vermont may be eligible for state financial aid funds that can be used at Skidmore, and they are required to apply for these funds when seeking Skidmore financial aid. For further information about financial assistance from Skidmore College, see Financing Your Education folder and the Skidmore Financial Aid Application instructions. These are included in the application packet that is mailed from the Admissions Office and from the Office of Student Aid and Family Finance upon request.

Application All first-year students who are U.S. citizens or permanent residents of the United States are eligible to apply for all forms of financial aid. Those students admitted without Skidmore grant assistance are normally first eligible to receive such aid, if need is demonstrated, in their junior year. This policy includes transfer students unless they are admitted as juniors, in 37 which case they may receive Skidmore assistance for the Committee determines to be the strongest applicants senior year if need is demonstrated. Starting in 1999-2000, among those admitted to the College. need-based institutional grant assistance will be available for up to five transfer students per academic year. Students must reapply for aid each year, and the amount of the award will reflect yearly changes in Student aid recipients are selected on the basis of Skidmore costs as well as in a family’s financial demonstrated financial need, determined through circumstances. Returning students who have received Skidmore College’s analysis of the Free Application for Skidmore grant aid, who have submitted complete aid Federal Student Aid and the PROFILE form of the renewal applications on time, who meet satisfactory College Scholarship Service. academic progress conditions, and who continue to demonstrate need will continue to receive financial aid. The confidential financial statements known as the Free Late applications by returning students may result in an Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), and the unmet need. PROFILE form must be filed each year. Entering students obtain the FAFSA and the registration for the Skidmore aid resources are not available for summer PROFILE form from their high school guidance office. study. In some cases, students may be able to utilize the Current students obtain the FAFSA and the registration Federal Stafford Loan to pay for summer classes. for the PROFILE form from the Office of Student Aid Freshman financial aid notifications are mailed in early and Family Finance. April. Transfer financial aid letters are mailed on a Skidmore requires that copies of the federal U.S. income rolling basis usually in April and May. Returning- tax returns be submitted to verify the financial figures student aid notices are usually sent in late June. reported on the aid application. Applicants whose Conditions of financial aid awards information is pro- parents operate a business or farm will need to file a vided with the notification of aid, along with a request Business/Farm Supplement. for any missing items needed to credit aid money. Applicants whose parents are separated, divorced, or never married will need to have their noncustodial Student Aid Programs and Financing Options parent file a Noncustodial Parent’s Statement. While the College strives to be understanding in circumstances SKIDMORE COLLEGE PROGRAMS where a divorce or separation has occurred, Skidmore’s limited financial aid resources require that all possible SCHOLARSHIPS AND GRANTS sources of support be considered. Accordingly, the resources of a remarried parent’s spouse are also Scholarships/grants are awarded without any repayment considered in every case regardless of any private family obligation to students who have demonstrated need agreements. and are made as a part of a financial aid package that normally also includes a loan and employment on Candidates for Early Decision admission must file the PROFILE form with the College Scholarship Service campus. Scholarships/grants awarded through state and federal programs are explained at the end of this section. by the appropriate admission deadline. At a later date, the FAFSA is to be filed with the federal processor. The contributions of alumni, foundations, and friends The financial aid application deadline is February 1 of the College also provide funds for students who demonstrate need. Named scholarships are as follows: (prior to the academic year for which assistance is requested) for prospective first-year students and the George I. Alden Trust Endowed Scholarship financial aid application deadline is March 1 for current Marjorie Maynard Allabough ’38-Patricia Allabough ’72 students and April 1 for prospective transfer students. Scholarship Prospective candidates receive consideration for financial Alumni Clubs Scholarship assistance if all required financial information is at the Vera Lane Andrew ’25 Scholarship College at the time funds for aid awards are allocated. Arkell-Hall Scholarship Since funds may not be sufficient to meet the needs of David M. and Barbara McIlveen Baldwin ’61 all admitted students who demonstrate financial need, Scholarship aid is offered to as many well qualified applicants as Barry, Bette, Led Duke Endowed Scholarship possible, with preference given to those students with Carl Bauer Scholarship 38 demonstrated financial need whom the Admissions Baxter, DeWitt, Milow Scholarship Harriet More Betts Endowed Scholarship Anna L. Hobbs Endowed Scholarship Frances VanKeuren Blish ’44 Scholarship Howard F. Hoffman Endowed Scholarship Edna Butler Briggs ’40 Scholarship Sabra J. Hook Endowed Scholarship Lucille Hogan Burkhardt ’36 Scholarship Jean Lawton Horka ’43 Endowed Scholarship John A. Butler Endowed Scholarship Lois Hollister Howk Endowed Scholarship Sarah C. Campbell ’33 Endowed Scholarship Jefferson Huff ’88 Scholarship Coleman B. Cheney Scholarship Barbara Hume ’67 Scholarship Class of 1919 Liberty Bonds Scholarship H. Dunham and Virginia Waner Hunt ’47 Scholarship Class of 1926 Endowed Scholarship Lillia Babbitt Hyde Scholarship Class of 1936 Endowed Scholarship Lesley Templeton Johnson ’42 Scholarship Margo Cleveland ’68 Endowed Scholarship Jonathon Scholarship Barbara Underhill Collyer ’52 Endowed Scholarship John Wiley Jones Jr. Scholarship Elizabeth Doody Cook ’67 Endowed Scholarship Jacqueline Jung ’61 Endowed Scholarship Helen Corbitt ’28 Scholarship K V Scholarship Creasy Endowed Scholarship Dorothy Madden Kalley ’41 Scholarship Charles S. Dake Scholarship Marion Walton Kanna ’38 Music Scholarship Richard and Marjorie Dammann Scholarship Marjorie Keenoy ’44 Merit Scholarship Robert and Maryetta ’41 Davidson Scholarship Kettering Scholarship E. Davis Scholarship Charles Henry Keyes Endowed Scholarship Davis Family Endowed Scholarship Keyes-Olcott Scholarship Patricia Landis Dehlendorf ’53 Endowed Scholarship Theophile S. Krawiec Endowed Scholarship Patricia Landis Dehlendorf ’53 Annual Memorial Linda Liebig ’62 Memorial Scholarship Scholarship Lipinsky Family Scholarship John and Rose DeNadal Scholarship Rodney and Patrica Burgett Longman ’58 Scholarship Mary Shaffer Dennis Endowed Scholarship Marguerite Bates Loranger ’34 Music Scholarship Mary Pelton Devenback ’23 Scholarship Charles and Tillie Lubin Scholarship Dibble Scholarship Estelle Kopp Lustberg ’46 Memorial Scholarship Dr. Scholl Endowed Scholarship M.A.L.S. Scholarship Harriet Morrison Don Scholarship MLB Endowed Scholarship Mae Huntley Eagleson ’28 Scholarship Neva Mahoney ’36 Scholarship Eissner Family Scholarship Pauline and Ora Eggleston Mandigo Scholarship Fred L. Emerson Foundation Endowed Scholarship Adm. and Mrs. Gene Markey Endowed Scholarship Fiftieth Anniversary Alumnae Scholarship Maslowski Scholarship Margaret Fletcher Filburn ’28 Scholarship Maureen McCabe ’76 Endowed Scholarship Lincoln and Therese W. Filene Foundation Inc. McClare Family Scholarship Scholarship Irene Ward McClellan Scholarship Fisher Endowed Art Scholarship Mary McClellan Endowed Scholarship Five Boroughs Endowed Scholarship McDermott Scholarship Charles Kennedy Freeman and Laura Bellini Music Margaret Postley Mendell ’45 Scholarship Scholarship Marguerite Lowrey Mersfelder ’37 Endowed Frueauff Foundation Scholarship Scholarship Ilene G. Gansberg ’73 Memorial Scholarship Henry T. and Marie B. Moore Scholarship Ida Virginia Gibson ’19 Scholarship Wallace B. Moore ’74 Theater Scholarship Giordano Family Scholarship Adele Whitney Morrison ’26 Scholarship Goldfarb Family Endowed Scholarship Gail Moran Morton ’60 Scholarship Stanley Gonick Scholarship Harvey H. and Catharine Allis Moses Trust Scholarship Jonathan Lindley Harris ’76 Endowed Scholarship E. Alice Moshier ’22 Art Scholarship Gladys H. Haupt ’31 Scholarship Multicultural Scholarship Elizabeth Bucholz Haven ’54 Memorial Scholarship Emily Richards Nasher ’34 Scholarship Health and Human Services Scholarship Frances Eggers Newhouse ’33 Endowed Scholarship Nancy L. Healy ’70 Endowed Scholarship Margaret Walker Nilsson ’37 Scholarship W. R. Hearst Foundation Scholarship for Underserved Mitsi Tokioka Nishimura ’53 Endowed Scholarship Students 39 Jennie and Morris Nortman Scholarship Louise Smith Wilcox ’40 Scholarship Miriam D. and Harold E. Oberkotter Scholarship Ann Wildman Scholarship Claire M. Olds Scholarship Mary Williams Scholarship Joseph C. and Anne T. Palamountain Scholarship F. Ernestine Rist Willyoung ’35 Scholarship Gilberto and Lennetta Pesquera Fund of the Glens Falls Val H. Wilson Scholarship Foundation Windhover (Quadracci Family) Scholarship Platt-Hartley Scholarship Louise Beinetti Wise ’40 Scholarship Porter Presidential Scholarship in Science and Joyce Burstein Witmondt ’59 Scholarship Mathematics Marjorie Saisselin Woodbury ’35 Scholarship David and Helen Porter Scholarship Harry and Anita Yates Scholarship John Reed Scholarship Zankel Family Scholarship Anne Reid ’76 Scholarship Dan and Ada Rice Endowed Scholarship Roberts Sisters Endowed Scholarship MERIT SCHOLARSHIPS Hadley Sillick Robertson ’60 Scholarship Lincoln and Therese W. Filene Foundation Scholarship Saratoga Springs Rotary Club Scholarship in memory of Awards are granted on the basis of a special competition to Paul Harris provide gifted young musicians the opportunity to further Leslie R. Rounds Scholarship their musical studies in a liberal-arts setting. SKW Scholarship Marjory and Charles Sadowsky Scholarship Porter Presidential Scholarships in Science and Catharine Boyden Saxton ’31 Scholarship Mathematics are awarded on the basis of superior Schupf University Without Walls Student Scholarship accomplishment and exceptional promise in the sciences Senior Parents Scholarship or mathematics. A faculty committee determines Beverly Everest Shaw ’57 Scholarship awardees from the applicant pool each spring. Barbara Sheldon ’38 Scholarship Together, the Filene and Porter scholarship programs Frances Simches Scholarship reflect the special balance between the arts and sciences Skidmore Endowed Scholarship that distinguishes Skidmore’s curriculum. For more Margaret Walker Sloan ’33 Scholarship information about either of these programs, contact the Sybil Small ’31 Scholarship Office of Admissions. Irene Dwinell Smith ’17 Scholarship Margaret Mountfort Smith ’48 Scholarship Margery W. Smith ’22 Scholarship LOANS Marion L. Smith ’30 Scholarship In addition to the federal and state loan programs Julia Sorg Scholarship described at the end of this section, the College Alfrida Storm Scholarship participates in another loan program. Student Government Association Scholarship Lewis Swyer Scholarship THE GATE FAMILY LOAN (GATE) Mariel Macklin Talbot ’47 Scholarship This long-term loan allows parents to borrow up to the Nancy Garlick Taylor ’42 Endowed Scholarship cost of education each academic year at market interest Fred and Paula Hartsock Thomas ’53 Scholarship rates, subject to credit qualifications. Payment may be Jack Tinker Scholarship deferred while the student is enrolled or parents may Tisch Family Scholarship begin making payment immediately extending up to Ruth Forster Traxel ’36 Endowed Scholarship fifteen years. Patricia B. Trbovich ’85 Memorial Scholarship Ruth Godfrey Tucker ’29 Scholarship Wachenheim Family Scholarship CAMPUS EMPLOYMENT Betty Lewis Wachenheim ’31 Scholarship Initial work placements are in the dining halls, house- Sheila Schmidt Warshawsky ’65 Endowed Scholarship keeping, or other essential services. All work is scheduled Louise S. Westemeyer ’30 Scholarship to avoid conflict with the student’s academic program and Joan Fredericks Whetstone ’49 Scholarship averages nine to twelve hours a week. Jobs are also available Whitman Family Scholarship in the surrounding geographic area. Work opportunities C.V. Whitney Scholarship are also available to students not on financial aid. 40 Kathryn Wiecking ’53 Scholarship FEDERAL PROGRAMS LOANS

To be eligible for a Federal Pell Grant, Federal Supple- FEDERAL PERKINS LOANS mental Educational Opportunity Grant, Federal Work- Study, or Federal Perkins Loan, the student must: These loans are for undergraduate students enrolled at least half time. The loan amount is determined by the • Study at least half time in an approved program. college, within federal limits of up to $4,000 per year for • Meet the educational institution’s satisfactory academic a total of no more than $20,000 for undergraduate progress standards (see page 55). study. There is no interest charged during school and for • Be a United States citizen or meet a citizenship six months afterward or during military service. During requirement. repayment, interest is 5 percent on the unpaid balance. • Have no debt from a defaulted education loan for Repayment of the amount borrowed plus interest begins which a satisfactory repayment plan has not been six months after the student is no longer at least half established. time in college. Deferment or cancellation is available to • Not owe a refund on a Federal Pell Grant or Federal students who enter specified types of service. Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant. • Demonstrate compliance with applicable Selective WORK STUDY Service requirements. Campus-Based Aid: Federal Supplemental Educational FEDERAL WORK-STUDY PROGRAM Opportunity Grants, Federal Work-Study, and Federal This program provides jobs for undergraduate students Perkins Loans are administered by the school or college. enrolled at least half time. Earnings must be used solely The funds are allocated by the financial aid office. for educational purposes. Less than Half-Time Study: Under some circumstances, a student studying less than half time can receive aid OTHER FEDERAL PROGRAMS from the Federal Pell Grant, Federal Supplemental Educational Opportunity Grant, and Federal Work- VETERANS ADMINISTRATION EDUCATIONAL BENEFITS Study programs. This program is for veterans who were in the United States armed forces between 1955 and 1977. There is GRANTS also aid for children, spouses, and survivors of veterans who suffered a service-connected death or disability. FEDERAL PELL GRANT GI BILL A student can receive up to $3,125 per year for tuition and other educational costs, such as room and board. Enlistees must contribute $100 a month for the first year Awards depend on both college costs and an aid enlisted. The government will then contribute up to eligibility index. This index is based on factors such as $9,600 based on length of service. The Army Reserve family income and assets, family size, and number of offers a noncontributory program that provides up to postsecondary students in the family. $5,040 for an enlisted student.

The student must submit a Federal Pell Grant FEDERAL AID TO NATIVE AMERICANS application by June 1 in each academic year using the This program is for American Indian, Eskimo, or Aleut Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). tribes, bands, or groups recognized by the Bureau of FEDERAL SUPPLEMENTAL EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY Indian Affairs. Application may be obtained from: GRANT (SEOG) Bureau of Indian Affairs An undergraduate student with financial need can get Federal Building Room 523 from $200 to $4,000 yearly. Priority is given to 100 S. Clinton Street exceptionally needy students who are Federal Pell Grant Syracuse, NY 13260-0043 recipients.

41 NEW YORK STATE PROGRAMS For the purpose of federal student financial assistance, including the Federal Pell Grant, Federal Supplemental Students who receive Tuition Assistance Program Educational Opportunity Grant, Federal Work-Study, (TAP) assistance from New York State for the first time Federal Perkins Loan, and Federal Stafford Loan, the must meet the requirements below for academic minimum standards of academic progress must also be performance and progress toward the degree. Failure to achieved. meet these standards results in the termination of financial assistance from New York State. The College does not substitute its resources for funds that are WAIVER OF PURSUIT OF PROGRESS AND/OR withdrawn by New York State. SATISFACTORY ACADEMIC PROGRESS REQUIREMENTS FOR RECEIPT OF STATE FINANCIAL AID NEW YORK STATE REQUIREMENTS A Skidmore student who does not maintain either the A Skidmore College student must be registered for a Program Pursuit or Satisfactory Progress standards may minimum of twelve semester hours of credit in the fall qualify for a one-time waiver if: semester and a minimum of twelve semester hours of (1) the student can document that the reason for the credit in the spring semester, and must meet the failure to maintain standards was as a result of following regulations, established by the state Board of extraordinary circumstances beyond the control of the Regents, in order to remain eligible for payments: individual; and 1) Approved Program — a student must formally (2) the student receives permission for such a waiver declare a major not later than the beginning of the from the Committee on Academic Standing. A waiver is junior year. not automatically granted for any student and is not 2) Program Pursuit — a student must receive a intended to provide an additional semester of aid to a passing or failing grade in a minimum of: student who has used poor judgement or has been Six semester hours in each semester of study in the academically irresponsible. Procedures for granting first year in which an award is made; waivers follow the institution’s established academic Nine semester hours in each semester of study in review process. Documentation of the extenuating the second year in which an award is made; circumstances will be maintained in the Registrar’s Twelve semester hours in each semester of study Office. Students will be expected to meet prescribed in each succeeding year. standards thereafter. Grades of W (withdrawal) or I (incomplete) will not satisfy this requirement. 3) Academic Progress — students must meet the GRANTS following minimum standards: semester hours cumulative TUITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM AND SUPPLEMENTAL by end of semester completed grade-point average TUITION ASSISTANCE PROGRAM 1 6 1.50 The Tuition Assistance Program (TAP) is an 2 18 1.67 entitlement grant program for New York State residents 3 30 1.85 attending a postsecondary institution in the state. 4 45 2.00 5 60 2.00 Undergraduate students are eligible for up to four years of assistance for full-time study or up to five years in 6 72 2.00 certain programs. Undergraduate students who are 7 84 2.00 8 96 2.00 educationally disadvantaged and require remedial courses may be eligible for up to one additional year of 9 108 2.00 aid under the Supplemental Tuition Assistance Program 10 120 2.00 (STAP). Graduate or professional students may also receive up to four years of TAP for a combined Note: Starting with the Class of 2002, students must undergraduate-graduate total of eight years. meet revised semester criteria for the first two years of study (see page 55).

42 To be eligible, the student must: SCHOLARSHIPS

• Study full time (twelve credits per semester) at a ROBERT C. BYRD HONORS SCHOLARSHIPS college or school in New York State. • Meet income requirements. This is a federal program. These scholarships are • Be a resident of New York State. awarded to academically talented high school seniors • Be either a United States citizen, permanent resident who plan to attend an institution of higher education in alien, refugee, or conditional entrant. the United States. Scholarships are awarded by the state • Be matriculated in an approved program and be in Education Department based on SAT or ACT scores good academic standing. and high school grades. Award winners receive one • Be charged a tuition of $200 or more per year. payment of $1,500. The scholarship is nonrenewable. • Have no debt from a defaulted student loan for which PAUL DOUGLAS TEACHER SCHOLARSHIPS a satisfactory repayment plan has not been established. Formerly designated as Congressional Teacher Awards vary according to tuition and New York State Scholarships, these are awarded to outstanding high family net taxable income. The award, including any school graduates to pursue teaching careers at the other state award, cannot exceed tuition. Undergraduate elementary or secondary level in one of the following awards for financially dependent students and for shortage fields: mathematics, science, bilingual financially independent students who are married or education, teaching English to speakers of other who have tax dependents range from $100 (income of languages, foreign languages, occupational education, $50,500) to $4,125 (income of $7,000 or less) at degree- and teaching children with handicapping conditions. granting institutions. Scholarships are awarded by the state Education The award is based on the prior year’s New York State Department to students who graduate in the top 10 family net taxable income. Family net taxable income percent of their high school class. Award winners may means income (less deductions and exemptions) of the receive up to $5,000 per year. Upon completion of study, student, parents, and student’s spouse, if any. recipients must teach at the elementary or secondary school level for two years for each year of assistance. There is an adjustment to income if one or more other Recipients who teach in elementary or secondary schools dependents are also full-time postsecondary students in with high concentrations of economically disadvantaged or out of state. For one additional dependent student, students or handicapped children or children with $3,000 is subtracted from net taxable income. For each limited English proficiency are obligated to teach only additional dependent student, another $2,000 is one year for each year of assistance. Recipients who fail subtracted. Net taxable income after any adjustment to complete a service obligation must repay the award becomes net taxable balance. Net taxable balance is used and any interest penalty. Study must be at a college or to calculate the award. school in New York State. If the student is financially independent of the parents, their income is not used. The award is based on the student’s (and spouse’s) income. Financial independence is granted to: • Students age thirty-five or older. • Students age twenty-two to thirty-four who have not been claimed as a tax dependent for two years and have neither lived with their parents nor received more than $750 yearly from their parents for three years. • Undergraduates under age twenty-two who meet the above conditions and certain very specific additional conditions. The student must submit a Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) and a Tuition Assistance Program (TAP) application for each academic year. 43 AWARDS • Enroll in an approved undergraduate program in a degree-granting institution or in an approved AID FOR PART-TIME STUDY vocational school in New York State. The Aid for Part-Time Study (APTS) Program • Apply for Tuition Assistance Program and Federal Pell provides awards of up to $2,000 (or tuition, whichever is Grant awards for full-time study or apply for a less) for New York State residents studying part time in Federal Pell Grant award for part-time study. an undergraduate program at participating degree- AWARDS FOR CHILDREN OF DECEASED AND DISABLED granting schools in New York State. Recipients apply to VETERANS and are selected by the participating institution. To be eligible, the student must: These awards are for children of veterans who served in the United States armed forces during specified periods • Be a resident of New York State. of war or national emergency and, as a result of service, • If claimed (or eligible to be claimed) by parents as a tax either died, suffered a 50 percent or more disability, dependent, have a New York State net taxable were prisoners of war, or are classified as missing in family income lower than $50,550. action. The award provides $450 per year for up to four • If not eligible to be claimed as a tax dependent by years of full-time undergraduate study or up to five years parents, have a combined (student’s and, if married, in certain programs. Study must be at a college or school spouse’s) income not in excess of $34,250. in New York State. The specified periods of service are: • Not have exhausted Tuition Assistance Program eligibility. • Vietnam Era: Oct. 1, 1961, through May 7, 1975 • Be matriculated in an approved undergraduate degree • Korean Conflict: June 27, 1950, through Jan. 31, 1955 or certificate program at a participating institution. • World War II: Dec. 7, 1941, through Dec. 31, 1946 • Be enrolled for at least three but less than twelve credits per semester, or at least four but less than AWARDS FOR CHILDREN OF DECEASED POLICE eight credits per quarter or the equivalent. OFFICERS, FIREFIGHTERS, AND CORRECTION OFFICERS • Retain good academic standing. These awards are for children of police officers, • Have tuition of at least $100 per year. firefighters, and correction officers who served in New York State and who died as a result of injuries sustained VIETNAM VETERANS TUITION AWARDS (VVTA) in the line of duty. The award is $450 per year for up to four years of full-time undergraduate study or up to five Vietnam veterans who are New York State residents are years in certain programs. Study must be at a college or eligible for an award to help pay the tuition at an school in New York State. undergraduate degree-granting institution or in an approved vocational program in New York State. RESERVE OFFICER TRAINING CORPS (ROTC) Awards are $1,000 per semester or tuition, whichever is less, for full-time study (twelve or more credits), or $500 The Army, Navy, and Air Force offer financial per semester or tuition, whichever is less, for part-time assistance to qualified students. The Army offers up to study (three to less than twelve credits). If a Tuition $7,000 toward costs; the Navy and Air Force offer Assistance Program award is also received, the combined scholarships that may cover full tuition, plus fees and academic year award cannot exceed tuition. To be books. A monthly stipend may also be awarded. eligible, the student must: Students incur an active-duty obligation and a reserve obligation in return for a four-year scholarship. • Have served in the United States armed forces in Indochina between January 1, 1963, and May 7, 1975. • Establish eligibility by applying to New York State Higher Education Services Corporation NYSHESC) on or before September 1, 1990. • Have received other than a dishonorable discharge. • Have resided in New York State on April 20, 1984, or at the time of entry into service and resume residency by September 1, 1990. 44 FEDERAL FAMILY EDUCATION LOANS borrowed. The fees are prorated for each installment. They are due when the student receives the loan checks. Federal family education loans administered by New The bank may reduce the loan checks by the amount of York State Higher Education Services Corporation the fees. (NYSHESC) may be used to pay a student’s tuition and fees, room and board, books, travel, and personal Repayment of the amount borrowed plus interest begins expenses. These loans have lower interest rates than six months after the student either leaves school or drops most other types of consumer loans. below half-time attendance. The minimum monthly payment is $50. Repayment must be completed within To be eligible for a guaranteed education loan, the five to ten years, depending on how much was student must: borrowed. • Study at least half time at an approved educational institution. FEDERAL STAFFORD LOANS — UNSUBSIDIZED • Be a New York State resident for one year if attending school out of state. This loan has the same features as the subsidized loans except that the federal government will not pay the • Be either a United States citizen or an eligible interest on the loan while the student is in school. noncitizen. • Meet the educational institution’s satisfactory academic Interest begins when the loan check is disbursed, but payment may be deferred. The insurance and origination progress standards. fees are 4 percent of the amount borrowed. • Demonstrate eligibility (or ineligibility) for a Pell Grant. Independent undergraduate students may borrow an • Demonstrate compliance with applicable Selective additional unsubsidized loan of up to $5,000 per year. Service requirements. The college financial aid administrator may authorize additional unsubsidized loan eligibility for dependent Applications are also available from banks, savings and undergraduate students when parents have an adverse loan associations, credit unions, or pension and welfare credit history. Any Federal Pell or Federal Stafford funds. Applications for any additional guaranteed eligibility will be considered in determining education loans must be made to the same (first) lender. unsubsidized loan eligibility amount.

FEDERAL STAFFORD LOANS — SUBSIDIZED All loans will be paid in multiple disbursements (as described above for Federal Stafford Loans). The loan The student may borrow up to $2,625 a year for the check is sent directly to the school. The school will freshman year, up to $3,500 for the sophomore year, up contact students to negotiate their checks. to $5,500 for junior and senior years, up to $23,000 in total for undergraduate study, and up to $8,500 per year Annual interest will not exceed 8.25 percent and may be for graduate-professional study. less, based on the U.S. Treasury bill rate. Interest payments are made while in school. An insurance fee up All students must provide a Free Application for Federal to 4 percent of the amount borrowed is due when the Student Aid (FAFSA) to their school to apply for the student receives the loan check. The bank may reduce Federal Stafford Loan. the loan check by the amount of the fee. All loans will be paid in multiple installments. The first Repayment of the amount borrowed plus interest begins installment may be paid thirty days before the start of sixty days from the disbursement of the loan, unless the the enrollment period. The second installment may be borrower qualifies for an in-school or other deferment. paid after one-third of the loan period has passed. The minimum monthly payment is $50. Repayment Checks are sent directly to the school. The school will must be completed within five to ten years, depending contact students to negotiate their checks. on how much was borrowed. The interest rate is variable, tied to U.S. Treasury bill rates plus 3.1 percent, with a cap of 8.25 percent for FEDERAL PARENT LOANS FOR STUDENTS (PLUS) first-time borrowers. There are no interest payments Parents may borrow up to the cost of attendance minus while in school and for six months afterward. There is an financial aid per year for each financially dependent insurance fee of up to 1 percent of the amount borrowed undergraduate student if there is no adverse credit and an origination fee of 3 percent of the amount 45 Academic Requirements and Regulations

history. Annual interest will not exceed 9 percent and REQUIREMENTS FOR DEGREE may be less, based on the U.S. Treasury bill rate. It is the responsibility of the student to meet all There is an insurance fee of up to 4 percent of the requirements for graduation. amount borrowed. The bank may reduce the loan check 1. Successful completion of a minimum of 120 semester by the amount of the fee. Repayment of the amount hours of course work. A minimum of sixty semester borrowed plus interest begins within sixty days after the loan is received. hours must be completed at Skidmore College, including all work taken in the senior year. OTHER PROGRAMS 2. Satisfaction of the grade-point standards: a cumulative grade-point average of 2.0 in all course HIGHER EDUCATION OPPORTUNITY PROGRAM (HEOP) work completed at Skidmore College and a 2.0 in all course work in the major field. New York State provides funds for students who are both academically and economically disadvantaged. 3. Fulfillment of the liberal arts requirement: candidates Financial aid is combined with special counseling, for the bachelor of arts degree must complete a tutoring, and remedial course work. Assistance is limited minimum of ninety semester hours of course work and is awarded at the discretion of the College. Awards designated as liberal arts. Candidates for the bachelor of vary with financial need. HEOP assists undergraduate science degree must complete a minimum of sixty students who are state residents and who are enrolled in semester hours of course work designated as liberal arts. independent colleges and universities in New York State. 4. Fulfillment of the maturity-level requirement: successful completion of a minimum of twenty-four STATE AID TO NATIVE AMERICANS semester hours of course work on the 300 level at Skidmore College. Twelve semester hours of 300-level This program provides up to $1,350 per year for four course work must be taken in the senior year, six of these years to enrolled members of Indian tribes in New York twelve in the major field. State for half- or full-time study in the state. 5. Fulfillment of the Foundation requirements. For all VOCATIONAL REHABILITATION classes: quantitative reasoning and expository writing. The New York State Department of Vocational 6. Successful completion of the Integration Rehabilitation provides assistance for college expenses to requirements. For the Class of 2000: Liberal Studies state residents with a mental or physical impairment that courses 1, II, III, and IV. For the Class of 2001* and places limitations upon future employment. Information beyond: LS1 and LS2. is available from an Office of Vocational Rehabilitation. 7. Fulfillment of the Exploration requirements. For the MAYOR’S SCHOLARSHIP PROGRAM Class of 2000: courses in laboratory science, the arts, This is a student financial aid program established by foreign language, and non-Western culture. the mayor’s office of the City of New York and For the Class of 2001* and beyond: breadth component sponsored by the federal agency for Housing and Urban courses in nature, society, and the arts; world cultures Development. The scholarships are administered by the courses in foreign language and non-Western culture. New York Urban League, ASPIRA of New York Inc., 8. Declaration and satisfaction of requirements for a and the Admission Referral and Information Center. To major program. be eligible, students must reside in certain designated areas of New York City and be registered for at least In addition, students are responsible for the fulfillment twelve credits per semester. The amount of each award of all financial obligations to the College. ($100-$650) is based on financial need as indicated by the student’s Federal Pell Grant Student Aid Index and the cost of education. *And students from the Class of 2000 electing to follow the 2001 curriculum.

46 LIBERAL ARTS REQUIREMENT Such courses may be English Department writing Courses designated as “non-liberal arts” in the course courses (EN105 or 107) or specially designated writing- listings are of a professional nature and do not carry intensive courses in other disciplines. The following liberal arts credit. All B.A. degree candidates must courses fulfill the expository writing requirement: complete a minimum of ninety semester hours of BI155; EN105, 107; HI107, 201; LS2 101, 102, 104, course work designated as liberal arts. All B.S. degree 107, 128, 129, 144, 150, 152, 159, 168, 169, 170, 171, candidates must complete a minimum of sixty semester 175, 178, 180, 181, 187, 188; LS II 042, 063; LS III 006, hours of course work designated as liberal arts. 048, 059; MA 111W, 113W. Students fulfilling two majors should consult with the Quantitative Reasoning: Office of the Registrar to determine the appropriate number of liberal arts hours required. All students must fulfill the OR1 requirement, demonstrating competence in basic mathematical and MATURITY-LEVEL REQUIREMENT computational principles, in any one of the following four ways: (1) scoring 630 or better on the MSAT I Courses designated in the catalogue by numbers in the exam, (2) scoring 570 or better on any mathematics 100s and 200s are intended mainly for first-year students and sophomores, and those in the 300s for juniors SAT II exam, (3) passing the College’s quantitative reasoning examination before the end of the first year, or and seniors. All degree candidates must successfully (4) successfully completing MA100 before the end of complete a minimum of twenty-four semester hours of course work on the 300 level at Skidmore College. the sophomore year. In addition, by the end of the junior year, all students must have fulfilled the QR2 Twelve semester hours of 300-level course work must be requirement by successfully completing a designated taken in the senior year, at least six of these twelve in the major field. Students with double majors are expected to course in mathematics, statistics, or other numerical operations in various academic disciplines, or in the use complete at least six hours at the 300 level in each major of computers for the manipulation of mathematical, during their senior year. social-scientific, or scientific data. All QR2 courses have The minimum of twenty-four 300-level course credits QR1 as a prerequisite. The following courses fulfill the must be earned in Skidmore courses, not at other QR2 requirement: colleges and universities. The Committee on Academic Standing adheres closely to this minimum expectation, BI110, 170; CH101, 103, 105, 107, 107H; CS103, 105, 106; EC103, 104, 237; ES105; GE101; LS III 028; in the belief that some substantial core of the student’s LS IV 013, 029; MA101, 102A,B,C, 105, 107, advanced, culminating academic work should be completed at the institution, Skidmore, which is 111(H),(W), 113(H),(W), 200, 204, 214; MC115; MS104; MU255; PH207; PS306; PY103, 207; awarding the student’s baccalaureate degree. Under a SO225(L), 226 few compelling circumstances (e.g., for the purpose of study abroad), the CAS may approve as many as eight INTEGRATION REQUIREMENTS: LIBERAL STUDIES semester hours of maturity-level credit for study at SEQUENCE another institution — a maximum of four maturity credits for each semester spent at the other institution. Liberal Studies courses provide an integrative Students wishing to make such application should educational experiences for all students at the beginning obtain a “Request for Maturity-Level Credit” from the of their college years. LS1: Human Experience, a single, Office of the Registrar. team-taught course taken by all first-year students, introduces the ways in which different academic FOUNDATION REQUIREMENTS disciplines raise questions and seek answers concerning human experience. LS2 and LS II, LS III, and LS IV Expository Writing: are categories of course options that extend and focus Students are required to develop their proficiency as the inquiries begun in LS1. (See pages 58-69 for course writers by successfully completing one designated descriptions.) writing course. This requirement must be fulfilled by the All students are required to complete successfully LS1 end of the sophomore year. Those students who need to during the fall semester of the first year. Members of the take EN102, “Writing Seminar I,” as preparation for Class of 2000 are required to complete successfully one meeting this requirement, must do so by the end of their course in each of the categories LS II, LS III, and LS IV first year. 47 by the end of the junior year. For the Class of 2001 and Society. From the following courses, students must beyond, one LS2 course must be completed successfully choose one from subcomponent A and one from by the end of the sophomore year. subcomponent B.

EXPLORATION REQUIREMENTS Subcomponent A: AN101N(H), 105, 205, 242, 243; EC103, 104; ED215; EX119; GO101, 103; Class of 2000: SO101(H), 201, 202, 203; SW212, 222. Laboratory Science: Before graduation, students must Subcomponent B: AM101/102, 201/202, 250A-D, complete one course with lab chosen from the 260A,B,E,F; FF224; HI103, 104, 105, 106, 107, departments of Biology, Chemistry and Physics, 107A, 201W, 202, 210, 211, 221, 222, 223, 235, Geology, or Pyschology and one additional course 236, 241, 242, 247, 261; PH103, 203, 204, 230A-E; designated as meeting the lab science requirement: RE103, 211, 213, 214. BI110, 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, 150, 155, 160, Arts. Students must choose either one two- or three- 170, 180, 190 (designed for potential science majors); credit course or two one-credit courses from CH103, 105, 106, 107; ES101; GE101, 102, 112; subcomponent A; and they must choose one course PS304, 306, 320; PY103, 104, 107, 194, 207, 208 from subcomponent B.

Biology majors may elect to fulfill this requirement by Subcomponent A: AR101, 103, 105, 107, 108, 111, successfully completing BI190 and BI237. 115; DA210/211, 212/213; DB101/102, 111-142, 211-242; DM111-142, 211-242; EN281, 282; Visual and Performing Arts: Students are required to MP181/182, 191, 193, 195, 198, 273, 275/276, 279/ complete successfully three semester hours in the arts (or 280, 281/281X, 285/286, 287/288, 289/290, 293/ any two courses in the same discipline totaling two or more 294, 297/298; TH101, 104, 198, 216, 228, 250. semester hours of credit) chosen from among the following: all studio art courses; all ballet technique and Subcomponent B: AH101/102(H), 103, 104, 111, modern dance technique courses, DA210, 211, 212, 203, 204, 207, 209, 222, 223, 241, 265; CL220, 222, 213, 301, 302, 303, 304, and choreography courses, 224; DA227, 228, 230; EN201, 211(H), 213, 215, DA228 and 328; all musical performance and Skidmore 234; FF210, 213, 214, 216, 219, 221; FG213, 214; ensemble courses; TH101, 102, 103, 104, 129, 198, 216, FI210, 211, 212; FL252, 257; FS210, 211, 212; 228, 238, 305, or 306. MU100, 101, 103, 106; 151, 208(W), 220, 304, 307; PH210; TH103, 229/230. Class of 2001 and beyond* Breadth Component: Students are required to complete All Classes: successfully two courses each in the fields of nature, Foreign Language: All students are required to society, and the arts. demonstrate competence in a foreign language at the Nature. Of the two required courses, at least one must intermediate level. Students may fulfill this requirement include a laboratory experience. Students may choose by receiving a score of 3 or above on an AP foreign from the following courses: language test (scores of 4 or 5 may receive credit toward the degree), a score of 570 or above on a foreign Subcomponent A (non lab): AN103; BI175, language SAT II test (ETS), or an equivalent score on a CH 101; GE103, 104, 113(H), 207; PS216, 231; test administered by the Skidmore College Department PY192, 221(H) of Foreign Languages and Literatures, or by completing Subcomponent B (lab): BI110, 120, 125, 130, 140, successfully one of the courses at the following level(s) or 145, 150, 155, 160, 170, 180, 190, 237; CH103, 105, at a more advanced level: 106, 107(H), 110; ES105; EX111, 126, 127; GE101, FC202; FF202 or 203 or 205; FG202; FI202; 102, 112; PS306; PY103, 104, 107, 194, 207, 208. FJ202; FS202 or 203; FX272; CL202 or 206 * And students from the Class of 2000 electing to follow the 2001 curriculum. Students whose first language is not English may meet this requirement by presenting a TOEFL score of 550 or above. 48 Non-Western Culture: All students are required to Acceleration and Reclassification complete successfully one course in non-Western Students are classified according to their expected date culture, chosen from among the following: of graduation at time of admission. Permission to AH103, 104, 203, 204, 207, 209, 210, 211, 309, accelerate and graduate with an earlier class may be given 310, 311, 312, 314, 376E,F; AH/RE200; to students in good academic standing with the approval AN101N, 205, 206, 227, 230, 242, 2432, 251N, 260; of their major departments and the Committee on AR121, 123; EN231, 232, 243; FC202; FF223; Academic Standing. Applications to accelerate must be FJ202; FL257, 267; GO239, 240, 344, 355; submitted in writing to the Committee on Academic HI216A-C, 234, 235, 236, 238, 241, 242, 247, 343, Standing not later than one year prior to the anticipated 347, 357, 362A-D, 375G,H,K; LS2 113, 119, 127, date of graduation. The Office of the Registrar offers 132, 153, 155, 163, 164, 165; LS II 007, 022, 036; assistance to students contemplating acceleration. LS III 050; MP279, 280, 281-284 (tabla and sitar only, for Class of 2000); 381-384 (tabla and sitar Students who do not complete a full-time course load each semester may be reclassified to a later class by the only, for Class of 2000); MU309, 318, 321, 345N; Office of the Registrar in consultation with the PH213, 214, 215, 220; PR323, 325, 326; RE213, 214, 220. Committee on Academic Standing.

Students from non-Western cultures may apply to the Student Status Committee on Academic Standing for an appropriate substitution. A full-time student must be enrolled in a minimum of twelve semester hours each semester. Permission of the MAJOR REQUIREMENTS faculty advisor and the Committee on Academic A major field of study selected from the Skidmore Standing is required for any program over seventeen College degree programs (page 57) must be formally semester hours, to a maximum of twenty. A minimum declared by the beginning of the junior year. GPA of 3.0 is required for an overload. There is an Requirements in a department are stated in the additional charge for programs over seventeen semester departmental announcements. Descriptions of hours. Requests for permission to change to part-time interdepartmental majors, designed for students whose (fewer than twelve semester hours) status must be filed interests lie in subjects overlapping departmental with the Office of the Registrar and approved by the boundaries, begin on page 142. Committee on Academic Standing. A student may propose a self-determined major, which Credit by Examination must contain a core of at least ten courses pertinent to the student’s central interest. Procedures for designing The College will grant up to six semester hours of credit such a program are described on page 145. toward graduation to those achieving a grade of 4 or 5 General major examinations or final projects may be on an Advanced Placement Test of the College Entrance required in the senior year at the discretion of major Examination Board. Such credit will count as elective departments. credit toward the degree. Individual depart-ments may award credit toward the major. Inquiries should be MINORS directed to the chairperson of the department in question. A minor field of study in a department or inter- disciplinary program may be elected no later than The College will grant six semester hours of credit for the beginning of the senior year. See departmental each examination taken at the Advanced (“A”) Level of announcements for specific requirements. the British General Certificate of Education on which Interdisciplinary minors may be elected in Asian the student received a grade of “C” or better. Also, six studies, environmental studies, international affairs, semester hours of credit will be granted for each Higher law and society, and women’s studies. A grade-point Level Examination in the International Baccalaureate average of 2.0 is required in the minor field. Program on which a student earned a score of 5, 6, or 7. A maximum of twelve semester hours of credit may be granted through subject examinations of the College Level Examination Program. All such examinations presented must be taken prior to enrollment at Skidmore. 49 Transfer of Credit Registration The College may grant credit toward the degree for Students are required to register officially by the work taken at another accredited institution for which a published deadlines for each course for which they grade of C or better was received, to a maximum of expect credit. A student who does not register for sixty semester hours. Transcripts from students who are courses in any semester by the end of the first week of transferring from a non-U.S. institution will be classes will be considered to have officially withdrawn evaluated on a case-by-case basis. All transferrable from the College. courses must generally correspond to courses offered at Students are required to officially withdraw by the Skidmore. Matriculated students should receive approval for credit from the Office of the Registrar published deadlines from any course for which they do not expect or want credit, through College procedures before registering at another institution. administered by the registrar. Failure to withdraw from a course will result in a grade of F or WF. Leaves of Absence All students registering for six or more hours must Leaves of absence may be granted for one semester or comply with New York State immunization laws. an entire academic year, but not for a period shorter Specific information may be obtained from the Student than one semester or longer than one continuous year. Health Service. Leaves fall into three categories: Academic Leaves of Absence for full-time study Attendance elsewhere may be granted to qualified students through the Office of the Dean of Studies with the approval of Regular class attendance and participation have a major effect on the quality of student performance. Students the Committee on Academic Standing. Students must are expected to meet their instructors’ attendance have a strong academic background (generally a 3.0 cumulative GPA and course work appropriate to their policies, return from vacations at designated times, and remain on campus for their entire examination period. study proposal) to be eligible for an academic leave. Students are not automatically entitled to a certain Information on leaves and program opportunities is number of absences. Each instructor will make known to available in the Office of the Dean of Studies. Study the class his or her policy concerning the effect of absence on abroad opportunities are also orchestrated by the Office the student’s grade. Students who become ill remain of International Programs. Application should be made responsible for the work missed and should consult with well in advance of the anticipated leave, but no later course professors. Students must either complete this than November 1 for spring-semester leaves and March work during the regular semester of study or apply for a 1 for fall-semester or full-year leaves. course withdrawal (W or WF), an “Incomplete,” or a medical leave of absence. Personal Leaves of Absence without academic credit and for personal reasons may be granted through the The Faculty Handbook establishes the College’s Office of the Dean of Studies with the approval of the minimum expectation that “any students who miss more Committee on Academic Standing. Application should than a third of the [class] sessions may expect to be be made in writing to the Office of the Dean of Studies barred from final examination. In such cases, the course well in advance of the anticipated leave. grade will be recorded as F.” Faculty may, and frequently do, establish even more stringent attendance Medical Leaves of Absence may be granted through the policies, and the student is obliged to adhere to the Office of the Dean of Studies with the approval of the attendance policies announced for each course. Committee on Academic Standing, upon receipt of the student’s application and a statement by either a personal physician or the College physician. Before returning to the College, the student must submit a statement of approval from the physician. See page 36 Requests for exceptions to any academic regulation must be for information on refunds. filed with the Office of the Dean of Studies or the Office of the Registrar, and approved by the Committee on Academic (For information concerning housing, academic requirements, and financial responsibilities, please refer Standing. 50 to the current Information on Leaves of Absence bulletin.) Academic Standards and Review

The Honor Code Social Integrity The Skidmore Honor System was established at the The Basic College Regulations outlined in the Student request of the student body in 1921. Each student, in Handbook are considered vital to community welfare, accepting enrollment at Skidmore College, agrees to the student safety, and high standards of moral and social following code: integrity. The list of regulations is not exhaustive. In all areas of Skidmore life, members are expected to conform I hereby accept membership in the Skidmore College to high standards of fair play, integrity, and honor. community and, with full realization of the responsibilities Careless abuses and violations of these regulations are inherent in membership, do agree to adhere to honesty and considered major breaches of the College Honor Code integrity in all relationships, to be considerate of the rights of and may involve the withdrawal of the privilege of others, and to abide by the College regulations. membership in the Skidmore College community. In All members of the Skidmore College community, addition to these Basic College Regulations, the actions of including students, faculty, and staff, are parties to the members of the College community are governed by and honor contract and are expected to abide by its subject to the laws and ordinances of the local, state, and provisions. The Honor Code covers all aspects of federal governments. integrity, whether academic or social; the Student Handbook attends particularly to codes of social behavior Academic Standards and outlines the college judicial system and procedures; both the Student Handbook and the Academic In order to qualify for a degree from the College, a Information Guide define academic integrity regulations. student must attain a cumulative grade-point average of Every Skidmore student is required by the Honor Code 2.0 in all course work and 2.0 in the major field. The to become thoroughly conversant with the standards of student’s academic record includes: academic and social integrity that prevail at the College. 1. an indication of each course for which the student The Academic Integrity Board, Social Integrity Board, was officially registered at the College; and Appeals Board will not regard claims of ignorance, 2. an indication of credit earned; of unintentional error, and of academic or personal 3. the grade assigned for each course; pressures as an adequate defense for violations of the 4. both the semester and cumulative grade-point Honor Code. averages.

Academic Integrity Grades Because the College functions as a tightly integrated Grades are assigned on the following basis: community of curricular and cocurricular experiences, a A+, A Distinguished work strict allegiance to its standards of conduct is essential A-, B+, B Superior work for every student’s well-being and intellectual growth. B-, C+, C Satisfactory work Students should make certain they understand the high C-, D+, D Passing, poor-quality work value Skidmore places on honesty, cooperation, and F Failure, no credit earned consideration, and the penalties the College imposes for infractions in these areas. Skidmore not only promotes S/U, Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory: S/U grades do not intellectual honesty vigorously but severely punishes affect the student’s grade-point average, but a student such offenses as plagiarism and cheating on exams. Any receiving an Unsatisfactory will not receive credit for the Honor Code violation may affect the student’s graduate course. The College criterion for Satisfactory is the school or transfer recommendations and the student’s equivalent of a C or better. A student may take no more eligibility for academic prizes and awards, for Dean’s List or than one course in a semester for an S/U grade. A graduation honors, and for membership in Skidmore or student may take a maximum of sixteen semester hours national honor societies. for an S/U grade, excluding internships. The S/U option is offered at the discretion of the department. The semester schedule will indicate which courses may be taken for an S/U grade. Students must indicate their choice of the S/U grade option at the time of registration. No change may be made after the end of the first week of classes. 51 AU, Audit: Students may officially audit a course with Grade Change the approval of the instructor. An AU grade does not If an instructor has made a computational or clerical affect the student’s grade-point average; it reflects approved participation for no credit. Students may error, he or she may request a change in the student’s grade. No grade may be changed on the basis of enroll for a maximum of two audits per semester. reexamination, reevaluation, or supplementary work. W, Withdrawal: Prior to the last three weeks of classes Petitions to change grades must originate with the (exclusive of final exams) in the fall or spring semesters, faculty members concerned and be brought before the students may request withdrawal without penalty from a Committee on Academic Standing for consideration. course with the permission of the instructor and approval from the Committee on Academic Standing. The function of the Committee on Academic Freedom and Rights (CAFR) is to receive inquiries and com- Withdrawal, W, is not figured in the grade-point plaints concerning academic freedom and rights and average. No credit is earned. to consider formal charges of violations of academic WF, Withdrawal Failing: Withdrawal from a course freedom and rights from any faculty member or student. during the last three weeks of classes of the fall or spring semesters, and departure from a course at any other time Grade-Point Average (GPA) without the permission of the instructor to withdraw without penalty and the authorization of the Committee Each grade is assigned a point value as follows: on Academic Standing, is figured in the grade-point Grade Points average as F. No credit is earned. A+, A 4.00 I, Temporary Incomplete: A grade of I may be given a A- 3.67 student who has diligently completed a substantial B+ 3.33 amount of the course work but who, because of B 3.00 unforeseen academic, medical, or personal difficulties, B- 2.67 has been unable to complete the work for the course. C+ 2.33 In such cases, an I may be submitted by the instructor C 2.00 if both the instructor and the student agree that C- 1.67 exceptional circumstances warrant an extension of D+ 1.33 time beyond the normal deadlines of the term. (An D 1.00 incomplete grade will make the student ineligible for F, WF, IF 0.00 Dean’s List Honors for the term if the student No points are assigned for S, U, AU, W, or I. The GPA completes fewer than fourteen semester hours by the is calculated by multiplying the points assigned to each regular grading deadline.) The student is responsible for grade received by the number of semester hours the making arrangements for completing the course with the course carries, then totaling these products and dividing instructor and the Office of the Registrar. The extension by the total number of semester hours considered. period may not be longer than six weeks after the end of the fall or spring semesters, or more than six weeks after The GPA for the semester is computed at the end of either of the summer terms. At the end of the extension each semester. The cumulative GPA for all courses period, the instructor may submit a grade based on the taken at the College is also computed at the end of each work completed. semester. IF, Incomplete Failing: If the instructor does not As a general principle, courses for which a grade of D or submit a grade by the end of the extension period, the higher has been earned may not be repeated for I becomes a permanent grade of IF, figured in the academic credit; the exceptions to this regulation are grade-point average as F. noted in individual course descriptions. If a course for which the student received a grade of F is repeated at the College, both grades remain on the record and both are included in the GPA. With the exception of designated programs, credit granted by Skidmore College for work taken at another institution or by examination is not included in the GPA. 52 Academic Review Double majors must meet the above criteria for each of the majors. (The student may earn Departmental At the end of each semester, the Committee on Honors in one, both, or neither major.) Academic Standing reviews the status of all students to determine academic standing. It determines, upon the These criteria also apply to interdepartmental and to basis of achievement, who will be given Honors or self-determined majors. The 3.5 or higher GPA applies Highest Honors on the Dean’s List, who will be placed to the interdepartmental course work considered as a on probation, who is eligible for continuation, and who whole. will be disqualified. Honors Forum: Seniors will graduate as members of the Honors Forum if they have maintained Dean’s List Honors status as a full-time student (with no two consecutive semesters of a GPA below 3.4); demonstrated exemplary All academic honors and memberships are subject academic and social integrity; completed a minimum of to Skidmore’s Honor Code: thus eligibility for seven semester hours of Honors Forum courses by the honors requires a clear integrity record. end of the junior year and a senior-year capstone experience; and engaged in forum events during each DEAN’S LIST academic year of membership.

The Dean’s List is computed for the fall and spring PERICLEAN semesters as of the established date for submitting semester grades. The Skidmore academic honor society, Periclean, was formed in 1956 to stimulate intellectual curiosity, to Honors are awarded to each matriculated student who encourage creative activity, and to honor academic satisfactorily completes at least fourteen semester hours achievement. Seniors whose cumulative GPA is 3.4 or of credit by the regular grading deadline and who higher, and juniors whose cumulative GPA is 3.6 or achieves a 3.4 to 3.66 GPA for that semester. Highest higher, are eligible for membership. Periclean nominees Honors are awarded to each student who satisfactorily and members must also sustain a good record of completes at least fourteen semester hours of credit by academic and social integrity. Elections are held in the the regular grading deadline and who achieves a 3.67 or fall of each year and prior to graduation for graduating higher GPA for that semester. (A grade of Incomplete seniors. The society sponsors the Periclean Scholar which temporarily places the credits earned below Awards for outstanding senior projects. fourteen makes the student ineligible for the Dean’s List, even if the Incomplete is resolved successfully.) PHI BETA KAPPA

GRADUATION HONORS Skidmore College was granted a charter by the national honor society of Phi Beta Kappa in 1970, and the Phi College Honors: Seniors with distinguished academic Chapter was installed in February 1971. Candidates for records may graduate cum laude (3.4-3.66 GPA), the bachelor of arts degree are eligible for election on magna cum laude (3.67-3.79 GPA), or summa cum laude the basis of academic standing and rules of eligibility (3.80-4.00 GPA) upon the recommendation of the established by the chapter, in accordance with the Committee on Academic Standing and with the regulations of the national society. approval of the faculty. Students who qualify for consideration on the basis of Departmental Honors: Departmental Honors will be grade-point average must also demonstrate breadth of awarded to any student who graduates from Skidmore distribution in their college program by choosing courses College after no fewer than three semesters and who beyond the introductory level in at least two of the three meets the following conditions: a GPA of 3.5 or higher academic areas (humanities, social sciences, and natural for all work in the major; the completion of any other sciences and mathematics), while maintaining high academic criteria established by the department and academic achievement and academic integrity. Adequate described in the Catalogue, and a favorable recommend- preparation in a foreign language and mathematics ation by the department; a GPA of 3.0 or higher based (though not necessarily at Skidmore), competence in on all work taken at Skidmore; and approval by the writing, and fulfillment of certain Skidmore residency College faculty upon recommendation by the requirements are also necessary. Committee on Academic Standing. 53 Outstanding students are thus encouraged to pursue a Lee History Prize (English or European History) program that is not only liberal but diversified and Denise Marcil ’74 Prize for Fiction Writing challenging. Mente et Malleo Award (Geology) Marguerita Mergentime Award (Textile Design) ACADEMIC PRIZES Elizabeth Luce Moore Prizes in Poetry and Fiction The recipients of academic prizes are determined by the Henry T. Moore Prize in Government (International faculty, and the prizes are awarded at the annual Honors Relations) Convocation. Gail Moran Morton ’60 Prize (Business) Edwin Moseley Prize in English Roy T. Abbott III ’78 Memorial Prize (Geology) Herman Joseph Muller Prize (Music) Barbara Gruntal Allen ’35 Prize (Voice) Dorothy Dryfoos Olsan ’41 Prize in Jewelry and Alliance Française de Schenectady Award Metalsmithing American Institute of Chemists Award Joseph C. Palamountain Jr. Prose Award American Studies Faculty Award Joseph Garrison Parker Prize Rodney D. Andrews Prize Periclean Scholar Awards Sara Bennett ’92 Prize for Fiction Donald W. Pyle Memorial Award (Biology) Sara Bennett ’92 Memorial Prize for Leadership in Nancy Beth Rautenberg ’83 Memorial Award Student Journalism (Sociology) Hilda Bashevkin Betten ’39 and Morris H. Betten Eleanor A. Samworth Prize in Physics Award in Social Work Caren Lane Sass ’35 Psychology Prize Melissa Mosher Bilodeau ’76 Memorial Award Jesse Solomon Memorial Award (Painting) (Education) Frances Steloff Poetry Prize Margaret Ellen Clifford Memorial Prize in Theater Everett V. Stonequist Award (Sociology) Consulate General Prize in German Gladys Gillman Taylor ’48 Prize in Mathematics Cooper Barnett Prize in Philosophy Theater Prize Helga B. Doblin Prize in Classics Sally Chapman Thompson ’48 Prize in Literature Dowd-Lester Award (Biology) Alan M. Turing Prize in Mathematics and Computer S. Michael Eigen Prize ’87 in Art History Science Amy Eisenberg ’72 Memorial Award (Educational Wall Street Journal Award (Business) Psychology) Alice Farwell Warren Prize (History) Charlotte W. Fahey Prize (Chemistry) Pamela Weidenman ’72 Memorial Prize (Lithography/ First-year Student Chemistry Award Printmaking) E. Beverly Field Women’s Studies Award William E. Weiss Memorial Award in Economics Henry C. Galant Prize (Comparative Politics) Whitman Family Art History Prize O. Roger Gallagher Memorial Prize (Anthropology) Jerome Solomon Ginsberg Memorial Award in NOTE: Any violation of the academic Honor Code may European Integration Studies affect a student’s eligibility for the distinctions described in Seymour J. Goldman ’60 Memorial Prize (Business) the preceding “Honors” section. Barbara Greene-Wilde Award (Ceramics) STUDENT OPPORTUNITY FUNDS Susan Riley Gunderson ’64 Prize (American Government) From its own resources and through the generosity of Jo C. Hebard ’69 Memorial Prize alumni and friends of the College, Skidmore offers small Heck Prize in Business grants to help students complete special academic and Jefferson Huff ’88 Prize in Business cocurricular projects and to present the results of their Barbara Hume ’67 Memorial Award research at professional conferences. Petitions for Istituto Italiano di Cultura Award (Italian) academic funds should be submitted to the dean of Louis Edgar Johns Award (Music) studies; cocurricular requests are handled by the dean of Sonja P. Karsen Prize in Spanish student affairs. Funds are limited and are awarded on a Michelle Kelly ’72 Memorial Award (Psychology) competitive basis. Krawiec Psychology Prize Krawiec Scholar (Psychology) 54 Probation Students in the classes of 2000 and 2001 must meet the following minimal standards for continuation (and see Students whose semester GPA falls below 2.00 will be additional criteria above): considered on academic probation. A second semester on probation will prompt a review of the student’s record by the semester hours cumulative Committee on Academic Standing and may lead to the by end of semester completed grade point average student’s disqualification. Students should consider 1 6 1.50 probation a serious warning and seek out all resources to 2 18 1.67 improve academic work. A student on probation should 3 30 1.85 limit cocurricular activities and may be denied 4 45 2.00 participation in some of these activities. 5 60 2.00 6 72 2.00 Instructors are encouraged to notify students of their 7 84 2.00 class standing at midsemester, but it is the responsibility 8 96 2.00 of individual students to be aware of their standing and 9 108 2.00 to meet all academic obligations. 10 120 2.00

Standards for Continuation A student is not in good academic standing and is not making satisfactory progress toward the degree when: * Students in the Class of 2001 and beyond must complete the LS2 requirement by the end of sophomore a. The Committee on Academic Standing has year. determined that the student has not earned a sufficient number of semester hours and GPA to continue as a matriculated student at the College (see chart below. Starting with the Class of 2002, in addition to the minimal continuation standards described above b. The student does not complete the all-College regarding a second “probation” semester and the Foundation, Integration, and Exploration requirements necessity of having a 2.00 GPA in the major by the end in a timely and successful fashion; students must complete of the junior year, students must meet revised criteria for the Foundation requirements (Expository Writing and the the first two years of study as follows: first level of Quantitative Reasoning) by the end of the sophomore year and the Integration requirements (Liberal semester hours cumulative Studies 1 and LS II-IV) by the end of the junior year. by end of semester completed grade point average *The Exploration requirements must be completed prior to 1 6 1.67 graduation. Student progress in this areas is reflected in 2 18 1.85 the degree audit, which students receive from the Office 3 30 2.00 of the Registrar. 4 45 2.00 (Subsequent semesters require the same criteria as for c. By the end of the junior year or thereafter, the student has previous class years.) not earned a 2.00 GPA in the major. Students who do not meet the minimal criteria will be d. The student earns a second semester of “probation” disqualified. Students receiving TAP assistance must status. meet New York State requirements for academic per- formance and progress toward the degree. See page 42.

55 Disqualification Readmission Students who do not meet the minimal standards for Students who have withdrawn from Skidmore or been continuation or the other criteria for adequate progress disqualified may apply for readmission, providing all toward the degree, as determined by the Committee on financial obligations to the College have been met. A Academic Standing, will be disqualified from further student who has been academically disqualified must study at the College. earn a full year of strong grades (generally “B” or better) at another institution before being considered for In some cases, the Committee may offer the student one readmission. Readmission is never automatic and nonrenewable waiver that allows the student to work depends on competitive academic standards and the toward an acceptable level of academic quality. The overall enrollment priorities of the College. Students waiver decision will be based on academic evidence dismissed or disqualified from the College may not indicating the student’s potential for success. participate in any regular or affiliated Skidmore academic program without first being officially Withdrawal readmitted to the College. Information regarding Any student who wishes to withdraw from the College readmission procedures should be obtained from the Office of the Dean of Studies. should notify the Registrar’s Office in writing at once. (See Refund Policy, page 36.) With faculty permission a grade of W may be assigned for courses in which the student is officially enrolled, except if the date of withdrawal is during the last three weeks of classes, when a grade of WF is assigned. Students who do not register for courses in any semester by the end of the first week of classes will be considered to have withdrawn officially from the College.

Dismissal The College reserves the right to dismiss any student who does not meet its academic standards, whose continuation, in the opinion of College authorities, is not contributing to the best development of the student, or whose behavior is inconsistent with the ideals and standards of the College. Any student receiving notice of dismissal shall vacate the College residence within forty-eight hours and return all College-owned property. Refund of fees for tuition, room, and board will be in accordance with the policy for withdrawals found on page 36.

56 Skidmore College Degree Programs

Skidmore College is chartered by the Regents of the Government-German 2299 Bachelor of Arts State of New York and accredited by the Middle States Government-Spanish 2299 Bachelor of Arts Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools. All Government-History 2207 Bachelor of Arts degree programs are registered with the New York State Government-Philosophy 2207 Bachelor of Arts Education Department. Government-Sociology 2299 Bachelor of Arts History 2205 Bachelor of Arts Hegis History of Art 1003 Bachelor of Arts Major Code Degree History-Philosophy 2205 Bachelor of Arts Individualized Studies 4901 Bachelor of Arts or American Studies 0313 Bachelor of Arts (UWW) Bachelor of Science Anthropology 2202 Bachelor of Arts Liberal Studies 4901 Master of Arts Art (Studio) 1002 Bachelor of Science Mathematics 1701 Bachelor of Arts Asian Studies 0301 Bachelor of Arts Music 1006 Bachelor of Arts Biology 0401 Bachelor of Arts Philosophy 1509 Bachelor of Arts Biology-Chemistry 0414 Bachelor of Arts Physics 1902 Bachelor of Arts Biology-Philosophy 0499 Bachelor of Arts Political Economy 2207 Bachelor of Arts Biology-Psychology 0499 Bachelor of Arts Psychology 2001 Bachelor of Arts Business 0501 Bachelor of Science Psychology-Sociology 2099 Bachelor of Arts Business-Economics 0599 Bachelor of Arts Religious Studies 1510 Bachelor of Arts Business-Mathematics 0599 Bachelor of Arts Self-Determined Major 4901 Bachelor of Arts or Business-Government 0599 Bachelor of Arts Bachelor of Science Business-French 0599 Bachelor of Arts Social Work 2104 Bachelor of Science Business-German 0599 Bachelor of Arts Sociology 2208 Bachelor of Arts Business-Spanish 0599 Bachelor of Arts Sociology-Anthropology 2299 Bachelor of Arts Chemistry 1905 Bachelor of Arts Spanish 1105 Bachelor of Arts Classics 1504 Bachelor of Arts Theater 1007 Bachelor of Science Computer Science 0701 Bachelor of Arts Women’s Studies 4903 Bachelor of Arts Dance 1008 Bachelor of Science Dance Theater 1008 Bachelor of Science TRANSCRIPTS AND CREDENTIAL FILES Economics 2204 Bachelor of Arts Official transcripts of a student’s entire academic record Economics-French 2299 Bachelor of Arts at Skidmore College are issued by the Registrar’s Office Economics-German 2299 Bachelor of Arts at the student’s written request. There is a fee of $5 for Economics-Spanish 2299 Bachelor of Arts each copy. Students and alumni who elect to pay a one- Economics-Mathematics 2204 Bachelor of Arts time fee of $75 are not subject to the per-copy fees as- Economics-Philosophy 2204 Bachelor of Arts sessed each time a transcript or credential file is requested. Economics-Sociology 2299 Bachelor of Arts Education Studies 0802 Bachelor of Science Students have the option of establishing credential files Provisional Certifi- by completing the appropriate paperwork through the cation in Elementary Career Services Office. Files will be maintained for a Education (pre K-6) period of five years after graduation unless the office English 1501 Bachelor of Arts receives written instructions by the registrant to continue English-French 1599 Bachelor of Arts maintenance of the file. Credential services are provided English-German 1599 Bachelor of Arts only to those students wishing to maintain a file of English-Spanish 1599 Bachelor of Arts confidential references. Official copies of credential files English-Philosophy 1599.10 Bachelor of Arts are mailed by Career Services directly to a college, Exercise Science 1299.30 Bachelor of Science university, government agency, employer or other outside French 1102 Bachelor of Arts organization. Copies will not be sent to the registrant French Area Studies 1102 Bachelor of Arts given the confidential status of the letters. Credentials are Geology 1914 Bachelor of Arts forwarded only upon written request by the student. German 1103 Bachelor of Arts There is a fee of $3 for every request made. Government 2207 Bachelor of Arts Skidmore reserves the right to withhold transcripts/ Government-French 2299 Bachelor of Arts credentials if an outstanding balance is owed the College. 57 LS2 102. ROMANCE AND GENDER Liberal Studies Program DIFFERENCES Courses of Study This course will focus on one literary genre, the modern romance narrative, as a means to explore Director: Joanna Schneider Zangrando, Ph.D. how gender differences have been and are con- LS1 Coordinator: Terence Diggory, Ph.D. structed in America in the twentieth century. It reaches back to the tradition of the British romance All Liberal Studies courses are interdisciplinary novel and the history of romantic love in Britain as in perspective. Faculty participate not only as important background; and it incorporates fiction, specialists in particular fields of knowledge, but criticism, and social theory as part of its study of the as models of people who have themselves contemporary patterns of heterosexual romance Course Credit been liberally educated, and are thus able to within which (or against which) many of us shape our apply basic patterns of thought and sensibility personal relationships. Our guiding questions: To what extent and to what ends are gender differences to a variety of new as well as familiar experi- The number of semester hours earned by culturally constructed in such fictional paradigms? satisfactory completion of a course is indicated ences. Readings in major primary texts play a What other cultural differences interconnect with after the course title. significant role in Liberal Studies courses. gender? How have the paradigms changed over time? To what extent are they still with us? Course Numbering (Meets expository writing requirement for students LS1: HUMAN EXPERIENCE who placed at EN105 level or who have completed The level of the course is indicated as follows: (4 semester hours) EN103.) S. Goodwin, English An introduction to integrative, interdisciplinary 100 — Introductory learning and a foundation and context for LS2 103. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND 200 — Intermediate future college studies, including LS2 courses. NATIONAL SECURITY 300 — Advanced Weekly team-planned and team-taught In the second half of the twentieth century, the United presentations (lectures, panels, performances, States accelerated its dependence upon science and Course Notations or films) for the entire course and small group technology in the service of national security. Start- discussion sections deal with several ing with World War II, basic research, technological achievement, and public policy have delivered perspectives on human beings, as, for Courses designated by a single number are nuclear weapons, radar, ballistic missiles, satellite one-semester courses. instance, biological organisms, socially- surveillance, and many other technologies that have constituted beings, and creators of culture. renewed the means and definition of national secu- Double numbers separated by a comma (101, Written assignments include personal reaction rity. In the late 1980s, the nation departed the cold 102) are courses in which grades are given and formal argumentation. Required of all first- war and moved on to a new international order, still separately for each semester, but in which one year students in their first semester. This influenced heavily by technological accomplishment. semester ordinarily follows the other. course must be taken for a letter grade. Now our nation encounters new challenges in the definition of national security. Nonproliferation of An “H” following a course number indicates nuclear weapons, environmental safety, and techno- that the course will always be taught as an LS2: INTEGRATIVE TOPICS logical competitiveness are examples of challenges Honors course. (3 semester hours) that summon new means for assuring national These courses make explicit connections to security. Beginning with nuclear weapons, this course If a course is not offered annually, the year in LS1 by applying the key questions and the explores several examples of scientific and techno- logical achievements that serve national security and which it will next be offered is noted where interdisciplinary skills learned in LS1 to a more examines the public policy that guides and supports possible. closely focused topic or problem. In addition to the courses listed below, these courses fulfill the role of these achievements. Prerequisites: QR1 and EN103. R. DeSieno, the LS2 requirement: CL200, ED216, ED217, Due to scheduling, faculty leaves of absence, Mathematics and Computer Science sabbaticals, and other factors, every course ES100, FL263A, FL263D, FL 266, FL267, listed may not be given in any particular year. GO219, GO224, GO227, HI234, IA101, LS2 104. THE NEW YORK SCHOOL: PAINTING, The College reserves the right to withdraw RE220, SW214, SW218, and WS101. Each POETRY, CRITICISM any course for which there is insufficient student, beginning with the Class of 2001, Cases in the interaction of painting, poetry, and enrollment. must take one LS2 course. criticism from the beginnings of abstract expression- ism to its apparent repudiation in the sixties move- Faculty are listed with their respective LS2 101. THE VICTORIAN ILLUSTRATED BOOK: ments of Pop and “post-painterly abstraction.” departments. A listing of the entire teaching A MARRIAGE OF IMAGE AND WORD Special attention will be paid to such painters as faculty (as of April 10, 1999) for the academic A study of the wedding of literature to the visual arts Pollock, deKooning, Hartigan, Rivers, and Newman, year 1999-2000 begins on page 153. Part-time in the Victorian period, focusing on exemplary illus- such poets as O’Hara and Ashbery, and such critics trated novels, picture-poems, and critical studies in as Greenberg and Rosenberg during the period faculty are indicated by an asterisk(*). aesthetics and literature which either discern how a 1945-1965. Weekly assignments will explore the poem is like and different from a picture (the “ut differences and similarities between expository and pictura poesis” tradition) or comment upon the creative discourse. (Meets expository writing require- collaboration of image and word as an art form. ment for students who placed at EN105 level or who Special attention will be given to the poem and have completed EN103.) T. Diggory, English painting pairs of D.G. Rossetti, the illustrated fiction of Dickens, Carroll, Thackeray, and Potter, the essays of Horace and Lessing, and current criticism by Meisel and Steiner. Weekly writing assignments will encourage students to “read” illustrations and texts much like their Victorian audience once did and to explore different modes of exposition. (Meets expository writing requirement for students who placed at EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) C. Golden, English

58 LS2 105. MOTION AND EMOTION IN THE LS2 109. THE IMAGE OF THE ENEMY IN LS2 113. CHANGE IN EARLY CHINA TEMPORAL ARTS GERMAN FILM, 1919-45 This course examines a period of Chinese history How do works of art express feelings that “move” us? Focusing on the capacity of mass media to simulta- (551-221 BC), during which China changed from And how do we experience “movement” in particular neously reflect and shape public opinion, this course many feudal states into one centralized bureaucracy. art forms and works of art? This course explores examines the changing image of the enemy in Profound social, economic and political changes of major examples of those art forms—literature, film, German Cinema from 1919 to 1945. Viewing film as this period were influenced by and reflected in the drama, dance, and music—that reveal their structures a symbolic language which inscribes cultural identity, writings of Confucius, Mencius and rivals. These sequentially, demanding that the reader or audience we will explore anti-semitism, xenophobia, jingoism, works continue to influence the cultures of East Asia. experience them in a specific order in time. By misogyny, and fascism as well as changes in the (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) (1) directly examining selected works, (2) under- public perception of the enemy that contributed to M. Pearson, History standing through these works how each art form World War II and the Holocaust. M. E. O’Brien, creates feeling, and (3) analyzing the pattern of Foreign Languages and Literatures LS2 114. CRISES IN LIFE: THEORY AND feeling in each work as it unfolds in time, we will PRACTICE OF MASS EXTINCTION explore the nature of aesthetic experience—how the LS2 110. METROPOLIS BERLIN Extinction of the dinosaurs and other terrestrial “movement” of particular art forms “moves” us. The An examination of Berlin as a fiercely unique city, giants, such as the ice age mammoths, has fasci- course’s major critical question is not so much what a which typifies change and growth in European nated people for more than a century, resulting in novel or dance or concerto is as how it works and society. Berlin has housed the major forms of govern- theories of proximal cause ranging from terminal what it does. The course integrates close analysis of ment: a monarchy, a republic, a fascist dictatorship, a stupidity to death star radiations. Recently it has the works of art with readings in aesthetics and divided government, and a united capital of a new become evident that mass extinctions are common- criticism that specifically focus these issues of feeling order. Culturally, Berlin has served not only as a place, possibly even cyclic, in the history of life on and movement in each of the arts. center of European Romanticism, but as the mecca Earth and extinction theories have proliferated. This J. Rogoff, Liberal Studies of the avant-garde. After an introduction to the course explores the context within which the reality of concept of city, the course will study Berlin through extinction events was originally realized, social LS2 106. LATIN AMERICA: STABILITY AND the lenses of literature, film, architecture, and politics. influences on the formulation of extinction theories, CHANGE The course focuses on 1800 to the present and the test of these theories against the record of life’s An introduction to societal change in post-colonial incorporates representative personalities and their history, and the contemporary role of Homo sapiens Latin America. The course will examine the impact of images of Berlin. Included are the eighteenth-century as agents of mass extinction. urbanization, industrialization and revolution on saloniere Rahel Varnhagen, the author Theodor R. Lindemann, Geology various groups, including women, intellectuals and Fontane, the actress Marlene Dietrich, the dictator Indians, and on institutions, such as the church and Adolf Hitler, the poet Wolf Biermann, and the artist LS2 116. GREAT THEORIES OF THE EARTH state. It also will attempt to explain the underlying Christo. The study of the development of the principles of stability and continuities which mark the political R. Mayer, Foreign Languages and Literatures stratigraphy, paleontology, plate tectonics, and culture, social structure and intellectual climate of resource management. Through a variety of media Latin American countries and regions caught in the LS2 111. FROM POOR LAW TO WELFARE including excerpts from Darwin, Ehrlich, Steno, Park, dynamics of change. A. Vacs, Government STATE: AMERICAN SOCIAL WELFARE Chamberlain, Wegener, Powell and McPhee, this FROM 1647 TO THE PRESENT course will trace how ideas develop through time and LS2 107. CHANGE IN SPORT AND SOCIAL This course will acquaint each student with: (1) the are accepted only when society is ready. Throughout INSTITUTIONS philosophical principles and social values repre- history ideas are presented in an antagonistic atmo- A reflective examination of American sport since the sented in social welfare decisions, (2) the history and sphere, then established by force of reason, but seventeenth century. Focusing initially on the classi- structure of the social welfare system in the U.S., (3) continue to engender dispute. J. Thomas, Geology cal roots of the Western conception of sport, the contemporary critiques of the social welfare system, course will explore ways in which the structure and and (4) life on “welfare.” This course begins with a LS2 117. CLASS, RACE, AND LABOR HISTORY culture of American sport have changed over the last philosophical consideration of social welfare. It then A critical investigation of several crucial, defining four-hundred years. Focusing on the relationship considers how history, cultural beliefs, and economic moments in United States labor history. Special between sport and a variety of other social institu- conditions have interacted to create the U.S. social attention will be given to issues related to class and tions, the course will address the significance of sport welfare system, and how that system affects both race. Between 1900 and the mid-twentieth century, a as a personal endeavor and as a feature of American recipients and society. T. Oles, number of dramatic social conflicts erupted that society. Finally, by studying historical, literary, philo- Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work reconfigured fundamental political, economic, and sophical, and sociological treatments of sport, we social relationships. The course will begin with a hope that students will not only see the connections LS2 112. HUMAN SEXUALITY: INTERACTIVE critique of capitalism, encompassing an investigation between past and present, but will also learn to view EFFECTS OF KNOWLEDGE AND of the roles of capital, labor, and the state. Students sport as a subject for serious academic study. (Meets BEHAVIOR will also investigate the sources and implications of expository writing requirement for students who Human sexual behavior is determined in an inter- racial antagonism in the context of class conflict, placed at EN105 level or who have completed active fashion by biological structure and functioning examining the factors that contribute to interracial EN103.) as well as by societal beliefs and customs and accord and solidarity among workers versus interra- J. Segrave, Exercise Science, Dance, and Athletics individual preferences. Within the last 100 years, a cial strife. Historical events such as the Great Steel or P. Boshoff, English body of knowledge has been generated about human Strike of 1919, the Panhandle War of 1927, and the sexuality through investigations from social science Memorial Day massacre of 1937 will provide compara- LS2 108. COMING OF AGE and natural science perspectives. The resulting body tive contexts for such investigation. The theoretical This course considers how the process of coming of of scientific knowledge about human sexuality has in and methodological tools of several social scientific age has been documented by psychologists and how turn affected sexual behavior. Similarly, the presence fields will be utilized to investigate these issues. it has been portrayed imaginatively in short stories, of certain sexual behaviors in human societies has J. Brueggemann, novels, and films. Students will be required to influenced what knowledge we seek to obtain from Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work respond to the readings and films in writing and will study. In this course, we will learn what constitutes analyze the techniques employed by psychologists, human sexuality from anthropological, historical, writers, and film makers to describe the journey from biological, and social science perspectives. We will adolescence to adulthood. C. Goodman, English then investigate with a case study (e.g., birth control J. Douglas, Psychology use) what are the interactive effects of knowledge, technology, and sexual behaviors. Individual re- search papers will allow students to study in depth a current societal issue related to human sexuality. R. A. Levinson, Education

59 LS2 118. PARALLEL UNIVERSES: THE RISE LS2 122. MAJOR STYLISTIC SIMILARITIES LS2 126. LOVE IN ART AND IDEA AND FALL OF EUCLIDEAN BETWEEN MUSIC AND VISUAL ART An examination of the various ways that love has GEOMETRY OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY been represented and accounted for in Western In the first third of the last century, the science of This course will examine major twentieth-century culture. From the dialogues of Plato to contemporary geometry was revolutionized by the discovery that styles in both music and visual art which display theories of rhetoric, myth, evolution, psychology, and Euclidean geometry was not the only possible model similar aesthetic inclinations. Direct comparisons will biochemical interactions, we will study conceptual of physical space. This discovery had earthshaking be made among the Expressionists: Munch, explanations for what may or may not have anything implications, since Euclidean geometry had for Kandinsky, Schoenberg, Berg; the Dadaists/Surreal- to do with ideas. Having established theoretical centuries reigned supreme as the paragon of abso- ists: Duchamp, Magritte, Satie, and Cage; the Ab- approaches, we will consider this possible dishar- lute truth, the prime example of indubitable knowl- stract Expressionists: Pollack, DeKooning, Cage, and mony between analytical method and subject matter edge of the universe—if Euclidean geometry were in Brown; the Minimalists/1960’s: Judd, Warhol, Reich, by exploring artistic forms which have sought to doubt, then the very possibility of certain knowledge Adams; and the Post-Modernists/Neo- represent more than interpret love. Artistic forms will about anything was in doubt. This realization led to a Romantics: Anderson, Andrejevic, Gorecki, Pärt. include Toni Morrison's novel Beloved, the films deep reappraisal of the relationships among math- An understanding will be developed of these styles Dangerous Liaisons and The Fisher King, short ematics, natural science, and physical reality, and and their expressive relationship to the concerns and stories from Tolstoy and Kundera, rock music, a changed the way we view the world. The purpose of focus of the twentieth century. Beethoven sonata, selections from operas by Puccini this course is to study the non-Euclidean revolution in and Wagner, and The Romance of Tristan and Iseult. mathematical, philosophical, and historical perspec- LS2 123. JAZZ: A MULTICULTURAL F. Bonneville, English tive, and, in so doing, to explore the nature of, and EXPRESSION the human search for, truth. Prerequisite: QR1. Jazz music, often referred to as the only truly LS2 127. MUSIC AND POLITICS IN INDIA: M. Huibregtse, American art form, has a rich and unique history of THE HISTORICAL STRUGGLE FOR Mathematics and Computer Science interaction among many diverse cultures, classes, IDENTITY AND ART IN THE WORLD’S ethnicities, and geographically distant peoples. The LARGEST DEMOCRACY LS2 119. SOUTH AFRICA AND RACE emergence of Jazz in the first decade of this century, An examination of the relationship between musical The course traces the origins and evolution of race as a separate, unique and profound musical expres- change and social, economic, and political change in and ethnicity in the history of South African society. sion is a direct result of the combination of African, India. Special reference will be given to the sweeping Discussion moves from an examination of the pre- African-American, European, Latin-American and changes since the 1980s, including the opening up of European cultures of southern Africa to the arrival of American folk influences. These combinations India's economy and the resulting changes in Indian the first European settlers, and then considers the continued to feed Jazz through each decade and culture. Of particular interest is the longstanding segregationist policies of 1652-1948 that ultimately “era” that followed. This course will explore the most rivalry between Hindus and Muslims and the effects resulted in the apartheid government of 1948-90. The vivid demonstrations of these multicultural interac- of this rivalry on Indian music and Indian identity. course concludes with an analysis of present-day tions as they contributed to the development of what (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) South Africa, and the problems it faces in building a is now considered to be “American Classical Music.” G. Thompson, Music post-racial society. Throughout the course, the major (Designated a culture and difference in the United ethnic groups that comprise modern South Africa are States course.) LS2 128. THE AESTHETICS OF SCIENCE studied separately as well as in their interaction. FICTION (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) LS2 124. ATHENIAN DEMOCRACY: An examination of significant works of science fiction G. Erchak, Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work TRADITION AND SOCIAL CHANGE as well as examples of critical responses such works FROM 560 TO 399 B.C. have generated. Among authors and critics studied LS2 120. SEXUAL SCIENCE: CONTROVERSIES The literary, artistic, political, and social climate of the are Asimov, Clarke, Wells, Zamyatin, Lem, Smith, IN THE SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF HUMAN first seat of democracy from the mid-sixth century Blish, Capek, and LeGuin. The course will also SEXUALITY until the death of Socrates in 399 B.C. provides the examine a number of science fiction films. (Meets Human sexuality derives from both biology and framework for a multidisciplinary study of the pro- expository writing requirement for students who culture. This dual nature gave rise to the “nature vs. found changes in ancient Athens. The theme of the placed at EN105 level or who have completed nurture,” “learned vs. inborn” controversy which course will focus upon the representation and self- EN103.) bedevils scientific studies of human nature, including awareness of the individual in classical Athens human sexuality, to this day. The course explores against the background of traditional Greek ways of LS2 129. MIND: METAPHORS AND THEORIES this and other controversies, proposing that the thought and expression, and subsequently the Explores the major metaphors and analogies which nature vs. nurture opposition is a false one, and that changing relationship between the individual and have informed different theories of the mind’s nature scientific understanding of human sexuality can only history’s first democracy over a span of 160 years. and functions. The mind has, for example, been be achieved by utilizing the methods of both the M. Arnush, Classics described as a clock, a switchboard, an aviary, a natural and the social/behavioral sciences. Topics mechanical robot, an iceberg, and a cow’s belly. explored include the evolution of sexuality, primate LS2 125. SALOME VERSUS ST. JOHN Personal biases, social values, and research findings sexuality, sex and gender, culture and sexuality, A study of John the Baptist and Salome: his decapita- have not only promoted these and other metaphors heterosexuality, homosexuality, and other topics tion, her dance, their strange and violent story as it but have been heavily influenced by such explanatory varying each semester. G. Erchak, appears in stories, painting, and music. Told and images. Our goal is to see how society and scientific Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work retold for 2000 years, the story seems to have served inquiry interact, shaping our theories of mind. (Meets different purposes for different audiences, and can expository writing requirement for students who LS2 121. SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND THE serve as a model for the ways key stories in Western placed at EN105 level or who have completed HUMAN PERSPECTIVE culture have changed over time and in different EN103.) M.A. Foley, Psychology This course examines the repercussions of scientific media. In this case, the media range from Gospel revolution on human concerns and values. Beginning narratives to Renaissance painting and nineteenth- LS2 130. THE SYMBOLIC HUMAN OTHER with the Aristotelian model of the world, the develop- century music and literature. We want to see what Both in art and in social and institutional life humans ment of the natural sciences will be traced histori- some of those purposes and audiences have been, create symbolic representations of what is acceptable cally. Each major scientific discovery, or revolution, what is at stake in the different accounts, and or unacceptable human form and behavior. The will be viewed in the light of its philosophical implica- whether this story, with so much past, has a future. positive model tends to be “me and my group,” the tions for human existence as well as its potential for R. Janes, English negative example is “the other.” Because of the technological advancement. These scientific break- complementary relationship of self and other, we are throughs will be examined to show how new scientific both attracted to and repelled by, fearful of and knowledge affects social values and social structures fascinated by society (e.g., the disabled hunchback and, conversely, how our social perspectives shape or demonized Ethnic) and attempts to understand the the course of science. connection of those symbols to the individual psyche and particular cultures over time. For our examination and analysis, we will draw upon sources from literature and film, and also from anthropology, psychology, and cultural history. W. Hall, English, and American Studies 60 LS2 131. DARWIN AND DARWINISM LS2 136. AMERICAN WOMEN LS2 141. COMPLETIONS: ARTIST, AUDIENCE, An examination of the scientific method underlying ENTREPRENEURS AND PERFORMANCE the theory of evolution by natural selection presented A historical and sociological examination and The purpose of this course is to study the various in Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, and of the analysis of the entrepreneurial accomplishments of relationships among artist, performance, and audi- scientific and social contexts that were affected by American women from 1776 to the present in the ence, principally in two art forms: poetry and painting. and/or serve to illuminate Darwin’s theory. broad categories of agriculture and mining; construc- The underlying perspective is that perceptions of the T. Diggory, English tion; communications; manufacturing; service, both audience and by the audience influence both creation for profit and not-for-profit; transportation; and whole- and performance. Comparisons and analogies will LS2 132. AFRICAN ARTS FROM THE OLD sale and retail trade. Their contributions to the United frequently be made with such collateral disciplines as WORLD TO THE NEW States and global economies will be assessed theater and social theory. Prerequisite: EN103. An examination of continuities and changes in visual, through the critical lens of the social, political, and A. Knickerbocker, Liberal Studies verbal, and musical arts transmitted from Africa to the legal constraints within which they lived. New World through the transatlantic slave trade. The B. Balevic, Business LS2 142. GENETICS AND GENERATION course compares the arts in a traditional African Explanations of the generation of organisms will be context with those assimilated in New World cultures LS2 137. BUSINESS AND THE NATURAL examined from historical and scientific perspectives. of the United States, Cuba, Haiti, and Brazil to ENVIRONMENT The course begins with ancient Greek accounts of demonstrate constraints particular to each of the four This course broadly examines and appraises the role generation, considers a variety of ideas about gen- areas. The question of change relative to the type of business enterprise in relation to the current, and eration in the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries, and function of each medium will also be addressed. future, state of the global natural environment. It aims and shows how these eventually led to the discovery (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) to foster awareness, sensitivity, and literacy regard- of genes in the nineteenth century. The course ends L. Aronson, Art and Art History ing the major forces and challenges that bear upon with a consideration of changing perspectives in these multiple and complex relationships. Environ- twentieth-century biology on the role of genes in the LS2 133. THE OLYMPIC GAMES mental issues are examined in relation to managerial development of organisms. B. Possidente, Biology An interdisciplinary study of the Olympic Games: their decision making in the areas of manufacturing, history, ideology, problems, and future. One of the marketing and advertising, strategic planning, general LS2 143. MADE TO MOVE: THE HUMAN BODY most visible expressions of modern sport, the Olym- management, and other business disciplines. Topics IN A PHYSICAL AND CULTURAL pics represent the zenith of accomplishment for the include a review of sustainable development, indus- CONTEXT world’s athletes. The Olympics are distinct in that trial ecology, total quality environmental manage- This course will explore the human body as a biologi- they boast a rich history and unique ideology. This ment, “green” marketing, and others. J. Kennelly, cal entity and study how human movement is deter- course begins with an examination of the ancient Business mined and defined by late twentieth-century culture. Games and their place in both Greek and Roman Emphasis is placed on the physiological functions culture. It then considers the re-establishment of the LS2 138. NUMERACY: LITERACY IN NUMBERS necessary to produce human movement and the Games in the late nineteenth century and examines This course will focus on numeracy or literacy in cultural influences that determine patterns of physical their successful yet troubled history throughout the numbers. Students will explore their own histories activity. Pathological conditions resulting from twentieth century. J. Segrave, with numbers, the cognitive basis and developmental inadequate or excessive physical activity will be Exercise Science, Dance, and Athletics sequence which are the foundations of numeracy, the considered in relation to contemporary cultural relationship of numbers and language, and the social expectations. P. Fehling, LS2 134. ECCENTRICITY, CREATIVITY, AND and cultural context of the use of numbers. Special Exercise Science, Dance, and Athletics SOCIETY attention given to uses of numeracy in the manipula- This course will examine the creative contributions of tion of time and money, in music, dance, poetry, art LS2 144. AMERICANS AT PLAY: “eccentrics” to society and society’s reaction to and architecture, and in gameplaying. Also consid- ENTERTAINMENT AND AMUSEMENT eccentrics. Methodologies in both psychology and ered is the problem of innumeracy and its personal IN AMERICAN SOCIETY, 1850-1960 history will be used to explore the advantages and and social impact. J. Devine, English This course will explore popular adult amusements disadvantages of eccentricity to both the individual and entertainments in nineteenth- and twentieth- and to society within a number of fields. In addition to LS2 139. MUSIC AND CONTEMPORARY century American society. These entertainments will this more general study of eccentricity, we will exam- AMERICAN SOCIETY include family and community celebrations and ine in more detail the creative contributions of eccen- This course will explore the rich variety of music’s festivals, carnivals and exhibitions, popular literature trics in turn-of-the-century New England. Among the role in contemporary America while considering the and music, and other amusements in the public arena. biographies and works to be considered are those of impact on, and place it has in, various dimensions of The course will analyze these within the context of Henry David Thoreau, Joseph Ferdinand Gould, our society. Music has many functions in contempo- social change in the United States from 1850-1960, a Albert Pinkham Ryder, E. E. Cummings, Charles rary American society. It provides popular entertain- period during which leisure time increased dramati- Sanders Peirce, and William Rimmer. ment, is of aesthetic value, and also is connected to cally, the country changed from a rural agricultural various specific events and practices. There is music society to an urban industrial one, and its citizens’ LS2 135. LATIN AMERICAN AND LATINO that induces us to buy, that aids in religious expres- identities shifted from being members of local com- CINEMA sion, and that reconfirms our sense of patriotism. munities to participants in mass culture. Changes in This course is a historical survey of a unique cin- These various musics will be considered from princi- gender, class, ethnicity, education, and technology ematographic movement,” the new Latin American pally sociological and musicological perspectives. will be examined as factors creating and promoting cinema,” and a study of its repercussions/manifesta- diverse forms of entertainment. (Meets expository tions in the United States through Latino film. We will LS2 140. CHANGES IN FAMILIES writing requirement for students who placed at study the political, ideological, formal, and theoretical This course examines changes in the family as an EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) factors that contributed to the emergence and devel- institution in the United States over the past half- P. Hardy, Liberal Studies opment of a movement that rejected the Hollywood century as well as how individual families experience studio and European commercial movies, and that widespread changes in family structures, roles, and LS2 145. GENDER AND THE SCIENTIFIC gave rise to a cinema engaged within cultural and relationships. These topics are explored using both PROCESS historical specificities. V. Rangil, empirical studies and expressive narratives about The course will examine (1) the use of the scientific Foreign Languages and Literatures family transformations. Differences and points of method in social science investigations of the laws of intersection between social scientific and literary behavior, (2) widely held cultural assumptions about approaches to families undergoing transition are gender, and (3) the ways in which cultural expecta- analyzed throughout the course. S. Walzer, tions about gender have influenced the use of the Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work scientific method in social science. H. Hodgins, Psychology

61 LS2 146. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES LS2 150. LITERACY AND SOCIAL POWER IN LS2 155. AFRICA THROUGH ITS CHANGING An exploration of the interaction between humans THE UNITED STATES CINEMA and the environment with special emphasis on This course is based on an observation and a ques- This course explores through film and other visual differing points of view toward solutions of environ- tion. The observation: different social/cultural groups documents the causes of colonialism on the African mental problems. Issues such as population, the (racial, ethnic, socioeconomic) historically have had, people, their society, and their culture. The colonial environment and technology, global warming, biologi- and continue to have, different ‘access’ to literacy experience, in all its political and psychological as- cal diversity, and economic survival will be addressed and this access has important social, educational, pects, provides a historical, economic, social, and through the perspectives of economics and ecology. and personal repercussions. The question: why is aesthetic context in which to study and understand Prerequisite: QR1. W. Brown this so? By focusing on literacy as a social achieve- African film. Although our main focus is sub-Saharan ment, this course both explores important questions Africa from the Second World War to the present, we LS2 147. ART AND POLITICS IN WEIMAR of difference among racial, ethnic, and socioeco- will refer, whenever pertinent, to the North African GERMANY, 1918-1933 nomic groups in the United States and continues to filmmaking experience in our discussions. We will also An examination of the artist, focusing on the arts in develop a number of themes and topics introduced in examine the practice of filmmaking in Africa and the the Weimar Republic during the rise of Nazism. LS1, specifically, those of culture and social context. factors and forces that shape and influence the direc- Movements (such as DaDa and Expressionism) and (Designated a culture and difference in the U.S. tion of this practice, and discuss a number of theories artists (such as Brecht, Mann, and Grosz) responded course; meets expository writing requirement for and strategies of reading this creative medium. (Fulfills to a period of perpetual crisis due to war, revolution, students who placed at EN105 level or who have non-Western culture requirement.) and counterrevolution; economic and governmental completed EN103.) J. Devine, English H. Jaouad, Foreign Languages and Literatures failure; massive unemployment; and political strife abroad. Students will study the works and lives of LS2 152. WOMEN AND MUSIC LS2 156. THE GOOD LIFE IN ANCIENT GREEK selected artists in music, dance, painting, literature, A survey across time and cultures of the ways in PHILOSOPHY AND LITERATURE theater, film, and architecture in relationship to the which women have participated in music. The course An examination of ancient Greek views of what it political, economic, and social history of this period. will take a historical approach to the development of means to live a morally good and happy life from the L. Opitz, Theater European art music (musicology), and an anthropo- distinct perspectives of the poet and of the philoso- logical approach to music-making in non-Western pher. Some of the basic questions explored in this LS2 148. KNOWING TIBET: MAPPERS, cultures and European folk music (ethnomusicology). course are: What is the relationship between human MOUNTAINEERS, AND MILITARISTS Special attention will be given to gender-based excellence and human happiness? To what extent is A history of the inscription of Tibet onto the maps and divisions of musical activity, and to the assumptions living a good life something within our power? What imaginations of Euro-Americans. The course will and values underlying those divisions. The readings role do external factors play in the good life? The explore the Himalayas from multiple perspectives: and discussions will address a variety of related authors studied are Homer, Plato, Aristotle, geography, geology, and their histories (explorations, issues, including the conflict between public and Aristophanes, Sophocles, and Aeschylus. anthropological surveys, and mapping); mountaineer- private spheres for women, and cultural beliefs about F. Gonzalez, Philosophy and Religion ing; and colonial history (British and Chinese inva- women and musical creativity. (Meets expository sions). The course will consider the narratives of writing requirement for students who placed at LS2 157. COMPUTERS, ETHICS, AND SOCIETY French, British, and American explorers, seekers, EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) The intrusion of computers into almost every aspect scientists, soldiers, and mountaineers who, in the D. Rohr, Music of our modern lives raises many interesting and course of scientific, political, and sporting excursions, difficult ethical, legal, and social issues. By examining imposed on Tibet a symbolic image as a sacred LS2 153. POLITICS OF READING some aspects of computer science and some specific place. In turn, the romantic image of Tibet in novels NON-WESTERN LITERATURE: incidents and circumstances (such as the 1988 and films is exposed with the help of the Orientalist THE EXAMPLE OF INDIA “Internet worm” incident, the 1988 stock market discourse theory of Edward Said. The political and The literature of India has traditionally been read crash, the Strategic Defense Initiative, and the F.B.I. economic consequences of Euro-American fascina- in terms of Western aesthetics, an inappropriate National Crime Information Center), the course will tion with Tibet and the Tibetan culture will also be approach originating with the political aims of Pax provide a better understanding of how computers explored. R. Linrothe, Art and Art History Britannica. This course attempts to set right the work, the impact they have on human lives, the many imbalance by reading Indian literature in terms of difficult issues which they raise, and finally the limita- LS2 149. ART AND IDEAS IN ITALY: ANCIENT Indian aesthetics, and in the context of the Hindu tions which society, in turn, puts on their further ROME TO THE RENAISSANCE worldview, including mythology, religion, philosophy, development. G. Effinger, Continuity and change in Italian culture from the and politics. It will then examine the possibilities of Mathematics and Computer Science Classical Age of the Roman Empire in the first using the insights offered by Western aesthetics. This century through the rise of Christianity during the bifocal approach will help the reader see the literature LS2 158. SELF AND DESIRE: A STUDY OF Middle Ages to the synthesis of the classical world with greater clarity, and prepare the ground for a new DON JUAN and Christianity during the Renaissance of the literary history of India. R. Parthasarathy, English This course will study the figure of Don Juan as a sixteenth century. Central ideas expressed by Italian representation of the desiring self. The general aim of art, literature, and philosophy, such as the changing LS2 154. MOVING THE PUBLIC: RHETORIC, this course is to examine the nature and modalities of conception of human and divine beings, the relative MEDIA, AND MANIPULATION IN desire and its role in the constitution of the human impor tance of the physical world versus the meta- AMERICAN POLITICS subject. An examination of the figure of Don Juan will physical, and the influence of Aristotle and Plato on An examination of the development of “media poli- serve to question the relation of the self to self, of self the Middle Ages and Renaissance, will be explored. tics” in the United States and its impact on public to the other, of desire to (self) mastery, of pleasure to The course culminates with a close examination of opinion, political campaigns, political debate, and pain, and of imagination to reality. Readings and the Sistine Chapel ceiling. P. Jolly, Art and Art History public policy. The course traces the history of politi- examples drawn from various artistic media will pro- cians’ efforts to influence public opinion or “move the vide the foundation for the study. R. Lilly, public,” touching on changes in the nature of public Philosophy and Religion opinion, in understandings of the public’s proper influence on government, in the preferred techniques LS2 159. VICTORIAN CHILDHOOD: CHANGES for communicating with the public, and in the effec- IN IDEALS AND SOCIETY tiveness of those techniques. Students will be en- This course studies changes in ideals of childhood couraged to assess critically the proposition that the in Victorian England in relation to the evolution of growing presence of television, pollsters, speech- society's institutions, work place, laws, and literature writers, and political consultants on the American for children. The course examines literature and political scene has had lamentable consequences for historical, religious, sociological, and artistic works that political debate and public policy. emphasize continuing tension between conflicting R. Seyb, Government ideologies of childhood and the reality of children's lives. Attention is given to how the notion the sinful child is challenged by the romantic ideal of innocence and how childhood gradually becomes a more secure and happy time for the young of Victorian England and the following generations. (Meets expository writing 62 requirement for students who placed at EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) C. Golden, English LS2 160. A GREEN WORLD: HUMAN/PLANT LS2 165. MODERN CHINA AND JAPAN IN LS2 169. AUSCHWITZ: IMAGE AND REALITY COEVOLUTION NARRATIVE AND FILM The extremity of the Nazi assault on European Jews This course will deal with the ways humans have This course will introduce masterworks of modern in World War II strains our imagination and intellect. derived invaluable resources from plants and fungi Chinese and Japanese literature and film to students Critical analysis and artistic form provide two distinct such as the agricultural staffs of life and other impor- who possess no knowledge of East Asian languages. yet complementary ways to attempt to understand tant commodities (e.g. paper, cotton, coffee). The The intrinsic value of individual works will be exam- Auschwitz. By comparing historical, literary, and thrust of the course will be to display how the employ- ined in the light of both East Asian and Western philosophical analyses with literary memoirs, films, ment of constantly evolving scientific methodology in literary traditions. We will read novels and novellas novels, and oral testimonies, we will examine how plant/fungal studies has led to important, symbiotic from modern China and Japan and, besides studying Auschwitz was experienced, survived, and remem- interactions between humans, plants, and fungi. each text’s distinct literary features, we will discuss bered. Offered in alternate years. (Meets expository Topics to be covered include: humankind’s early questions concerning the individual’s relationship to writing requirement for students who placed at botanical experimentation, the development of the society during a given historical moment. We will EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) sciences of botany and mycology, agricultural meth- also focus on the study of cinema as a narrative art, J. Smith, Philosophy and Religion ods and practice and the diverse methods of applied and its interrelations with disciplines such as painting, technologies to production of botanical commodities music, psychology, and cultural history. There will be LS2 170. MEMORY AND THE SELF for human use. D. Domozych, Biology a film screening and a discussion session each week. Memory, and the images that make up our memories, (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) M. Chen, may be the primary component of what we call LS2 161. RADICAL VISIONS: THE THIRTIES Foreign Languages and Literatures selfhood. In this course we will read about memory A study and an exploration of literature and the arts in and study memories, exploring the role of the image a time of political upheaval in America, 1929-41. The LS2 166. HUMAN INTERACTION WITH THE in storing and releasing remembered time. Among course focuses on those writers and artists whose LAND — ATTITUDES AND IMPACTS the questions we will consider: What are the aspects work laid bare the contradictions of industrialism, An introduction to the interrelationships between of memory that elude analytic writing? What do we capitalism, and the misery of the Great Depression, human attitudes and values and human management learn about ourselves and our pasts if we study the but which also envisioned an America structured on of the land and its essential resources. The class will process of memory analytically? How are individual a more equitable and human sociopolitical basis. examine the historical patterns of ways in which memories and images embedded in collective ones? Videos, slide shows, and films supplement course various societies have substantially modified the Students will write both analytic and creative papers readings. Prerequisite: EN105 or 107. natural landscape—sometimes with a sense of about memory, exploring different mental processes A. Wheelock, English stewardship, sometimes with a sense of anthropocen- and trying to understand them. Authors read will tric arrogance. K. Johnson, Geology include Jung, Freud, Plato, Locke, Hume, the LS2 162. FAITH AND SCIENCE Wordsworths, Hardy, E. Bronte, and Shakespeare. An examination of historically changing relationships LS2 167. PERFORMING GREAT CHARACTERS: We also will examine paintings by Constable. between religion and science in crosscultural per- THE RECREATIVE ART (Meets expository writing requirement for students spective, but with an emphasis on Western culture. An examination of four great character representa- who placed at EN105 level or who have completed The course focuses on two questions: (1) Why did tions—Job, Electra, Don Giovanni, and Falstaff—in EN103.) S. Goodwin, English modern science originate in Western Europe and not both text and music with some additional material elsewhere? and (2) What is the fundamental nature from the plastic arts. Particular attention will be paid LS2 171. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION: THE of contemporary relationships between science and to how creative artists make characters, critics define FIRST REVOLUTION religion? The questions are addressed from an these characters, and performing artists must com- The revolution that began in France in 1789 changed interdisciplinary perspective, drawing upon the history bine both methods in their recreation of these charac- the meaning we assign to the word “revolution.” First of science, sociology, psychology, and religion. ters. The course will involve live performances, used to describe the movement of the planets and K. Szymborski, Library some of which will be staged by the class and later the seasons, “revolution” had to come to mean a reviewed. Artists discuss empirical issues relatively momentous change in any sphere, and in politics, the LS2 163. CHINA AND THE WEST: THE MYTH OF little while preparing performances. What is “right” is replacement of one set of rulers by another. But with THE OTHER usually reached by some kind of slow, practical the revolution in France, the word took on its modern This course will introduce and examine the experi- working process and left largely unsaid. This is close sense of a fundamental alteration in the form of ence/images of the Other from both Chinese and to the reverse of the methodical, largely verbal, even government, coupled with social and economic Western standpoints. The image of the Other has mathematical, process followed by the scholar and innovation. So contemporaries saw it, and so histori- always been historically shaped to represent values critic. Why this difference? Which method gets closer ans have seen it since. But while everyone agrees that are considered different from one's own. Our to the work? Why do artists discuss their work so the event was momentous, there was at the same perception of the Other is often affected by historical generally when they do speak? These questions will time and there has been since considerable dispute and ideological givens. In this course, we will look at be asked in our work on all four character representa- as to whether it was momentously good or moment- China as an idealized utopia in the eyes of some tions. We will be comparing performance (often live) ously evil. The course will explore some of the eighteenth-century Europeans, or as a land of igno- with criticism during each meeting. contradictory and conflicting interpretations of this rance as described in some English literature. We will first modern revolution through works of political also explore various Chines responses to the West. LS2 168. TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION: theory (e.g., Burke and Paine), literature (e.g., In discussing such issues as Orientalism vs. STIMULUS FOR, OR CONSEQUENCE Wordsworth, Buchner, Carpentier), painting (e.g., Occidentalism, we will examine the polemics of OF, CHANGE? David, Goya, Delacroix) and film. (Meets expository cultural difference in relation to ethical judgment. This course will explore four areas where there have writing requirement for students who placed at (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) M. Chen, been important technological innovations: engineer- EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) Foreign Literatures and Languages ing, information systems/computerization, medicine, R. Janes, English and a special topic of current interest. An extensive LS2 164. FACTUAL AND FICTIONAL: HISTORY examination of the innovation is made including the LS2 172. THEORIES OF THE UNIVERSE AND THE NOVEL IN CHINA cultural, legal, environmental, and ethical impact Western speculations on the origin and structure of This course will examine several Chinese novels in resulting from the changes brought about by the the cosmos and the place of thought/mind within it terms of their special narrative modes and the history particular technology. (Meets expository writing from early Greek beginnings to modern times. The that each mode implies. The course will consider how requirement for students who placed at EN105 level course will provide an introduction to cosmological each novel reveals the changing history of modern or who have completed EN103.) reasoning and the impact of ideals of natural order on China. At the same time, it will also explore how each both its form and content. E. Weller, novel makes its unique contribution to Chinese Philosophy and Religion literature. Students will discuss such issues as: history in literature, history outside literature, literary histories, factual and fictional as literary categories, and the historical novel. M. Chen, Foreign Languages and Literatures

63 LS2 173. ITALY, FASCISM, AND JEWS LS2 177. HUMAN COLONIZATION OF SPACE LS2 181. HOW DO WOMEN LOOK?: WOMAN AS This course examines the Fascist takeover of the Our exploration of space points to eventual extra- OBJECT/SUBJECT IN CONTEMPOR- Italian government in 1922 from several disciplinary terrestrial human colonies. In fact, much of the ARY AMERICAN VISUAL CULTURE perspectives and based upon a variety of sources. technology to begin small colonies already exists, In this course we will examine how women appear in Crucial to this examination is the civil war against and some anthropologists argue that it is the nature a range of visual culture, including high art, mass fascism, the Partisan Resistance movement initiated of humankind to explore and settle new “lands,” even culture (magazines and television), and films in during World War II, and the changing status of Jews when that means leaving the earth. This course contemporary United States (1950s-90s). While we in Italy from their integration into Italian life and culture surveys the issues involved in making policy deci- will be concerned with how women look — images beginning in 1861 to their dis-integration, and ulti- sions in this area, including technological limitations, might present women as objects for consumption, for mately their mass deportation to Auschwitz in 1943. political and economic motives, the possible cata- example — we will also consider how women look at Course materials for investigating Italian fascism, the strophic destruction of earth, and the biological and these images, speculating whether they do so in resistance against it, and the attempts by Jews to psychological development of individuals within a active or passive ways. (Meets expository writing survive the fascist government’s mass deportation small, extremely isolated society. M. Crone, requirement for students who placed at EN105 level policy include diaries of witnesses, history texts, Chemistry and Physics or who have completed EN103.) K.Hauser, memoirs, novels, films, and political documents. Art and Art History S. Smith, Foreign Languages and Literatures LS2 178. BORN IN AMERICA An exploration of the changing ways in which Ameri- LS2 182. AVANT-GARDE AND TECHNOLOGY IN LS2 174. SOCIETY AND SOCIAL can women have experienced contraception, abor- THE TWENTIETH CENTURY RESPONSIBILITY tion, pregnancy, and childbirth, from 1587 to the This course will address the notion of the Avant- In this course, we will ask what makes a “good soci- present. The course examines developments in garde in twentieth-century art and its interface with ety”? Central to this question is the problem of promot- technology, law, medicine, the economy, and the role technology. Film, television, sound recording, photog- ing both individual freedom and preserving social and position of women and the family in society as raphy, computers, etc. are just a few of the most order. Should individuals sacrifice their own interest in they influenced the reproductive lives of American significant innovations of the past century — techno- service of the collective good? To what extent does women, using sources from the history of medicine, logical advancements greatly altering almost every our contemporary liberal democracy depend on the social history, literature, legal and constitutional aspect of daily life. These varied technologies have socially responsible action of its members? To make studies, government, and sociology. (Meets exposi- also been important in numerous art movements of the readings and class discussions concrete, students tory writing requirement for students who placed at the twentieth century — Dada, Futurism, Pop Art, will be required to volunteer in the community and EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) M. Fluxus — shifting the notion of artistic production reflect on their role in the larger society. Lynn, American Studies from the easel to any number of possibilities. This D. Karp, Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work course will place the Avant-garde in the context of the LS2 179. THE KU KLUX KLAN IN AMERICAN dramatic shifts in our culture that have also been LS2 175. LIBERTY AND ENLIGHTENMENT SOCIETY affected by (and affect) human interaction and An examination of the various ways the critical concept A study of the Ku Klux Klan in American society. In perception. C. Stainback of “liberty” was evoked by European (particularly the course we will examine variation in the strength English and French) writers, artists, and thinkers and the popularity of the Ku Klux Klan over time and LS2 183. AMERICAN RADICAL THEATER IN during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. across space. The central question that will be THE 1930S, 1960S, AND 1990S Liberty was a hallmark slogan of the Enlightenment, addressed has to do with determining what leads A study of American social and political activist the justification for political revolutions, scientific people to act upon their prejudices through collective performance in the 1930s, 1960s, and 1990s from exploration, the rejection of established religion, and action with other like-minded individuals. The course the perspectives of history and performance. Major the publication of erotica. Above all, liberty meant is explicitly interdisciplinary. Particular attention will events and issues in three decades of American freedom for individuals outside social and governmen- be given to the theoretical and methodological history will be examined along with the various types tal constraints. We will investigate this conception of contributions of history, psychology, economics, of theatrical performance that emerged to move the free Enlightenment self primarily through an political science, and sociology. R. McVeigh, social and political agendas forward. Through close examination of the concept of social, political, sexual, Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work readings from history, performance theory, primary and artistic liberty in the seventeenth and eighteenth sources such as play texts, theater reviews, diaries, centuries. Through the close reading of political theory LS2 180. IMAGES OF THE TWELVE CAESARS: letters, and speeches, as well as videos and films of such as Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes (1651), erotic PERSPECTIVES OF THE EMPEROR IN performance, we will address the concepts of activ- novels such as John Cleland’s Fanny Hill (1745), and EARLY IMPERIAL ROME ism as performance and performance as activism. the close observation of political caricature and por- The lives of the twelve Caesars have been romanti- C. Anderson, Theater traits, we will attempt to define liberty and understand cized by biographers, artists, playwrights, novelists, the multiple freedoms this concept entailed for Enlight- and filmmakers from antiquity to recent times. We will LS2 184. STRAVINSKY AND BALANCHINE: enment Europeans. A. Rauser, Art and Art History examine the nature of Roman society and the chang- A UNION OF MINDS ing depiction of these twelve Roman emperors, their Igor Stravinsky and George Balanchine emerged LS2 176. THE ASIAN-AMERICAN EXPERIENCE wives, and children, as represented in literature, the as two of the most powerful forces in shaping the An examination of the social, political, economic, and fine arts, and cinema. The course begins with the direction of music and ballet in the twentieth century. cultural experiences of Asian Americans in the United tradition embodied by Julius Caesar of the rule of This course will explore the close collaboration of States and their encounters with Americans of Euro- might and virtue. It then examines the deification of these two men through study of selected composi- pean descent. Beginning with an analysis of the Caesar for political purposes by his successor tions and prose writings by and about each artist. experiences of the Chinese and Japanese immigrants Augustus, the degradations of the imperial throne by Special attention will be given to the nature of their before World War II, the course continues with a the depraved Caligula, the even-handed reign of the collaborations, including their similar views about critical and interdisciplinary look at the international stammering idiot Claudius, the violent excesses of creativity, movement, the rhythm of time, and the context of one or more of the more recent waves of Nero, the restoration of the honor of the emperor balance of visual and aural events. Analyses of the Asian immigration (which may include Korean, Filipino, under Vespasian, and then finishes with the brutal, structural and stylistic elements of music and chore- East Indian, Vietnamese, and Cambodian migrants, in repressive tyranny of his son Domitian. (Meets ography, especially as they are linked to one another, addition to whose who continue to arrive from China expository writing requirement for students who will also be examined. The historical roots of the and Japan) and proceeds to an exploration of the placed at EN105 level or who have completed musical and balletic styles of the Ballets Russes, causes and legacies of anti-Asian sentiments in the EN103.) L. Mechem, Classics from which their partnership emerged, will also be U.S. and Asian American responses to violence and explored. Emphasis will be given to the writings of assimilatory pressures from prejudice and institutional both men, with discussion of their individual and racism. Systemic connections between stereotyping shared artistic philosophies. Ballets to be viewed and past and contemporary Asian Americans, the vicissi- studied include The Firebird, Petrushka, The Rite of tudes of a contested American identity, and the Spring, Apollo, Jewels, Violin Concerto, Orpheus, struggle for cultural and political expression in a and Agon. A field trip to New York City for a perfor- multicultural America will also be considered. mance of a Stravinsky-Balanchine ballet will normally J.T.F. Ling be arranged. C. Joseph, Music I. Brown, Exercise Science, Dance, and Athletics 64 LS2 185. HOLLYWOOD GOES TO WAR: LS2 189. THE SEARCH FOR SYMMETRY AND LS II 014. THE INDUSTRIALIZATION OF HISTORY VERSUS ART IN THE PATTERN AMERICA WORLD WAR II COMBAT FILM This course examines the role and significance of At the beginning of the nineteenth century the United Motion pictures about periods of war are as much a symmetry and pattern in diverse domains of nature States was a rural, agrarian society. By the end of reflection of the culture in which they are produced as and of human endeavor. It is surprising how broad a the nineteenth century, it had become an urbanized, they are portrayals of the armed conflict. This course variety of disciplines share a common canon of industrialized region. This course takes a multi- will examine attitudes toward World War II as re- criteria for a “good” design: repetition, harmony, and disciplinary look at the economic, political, and social flected in motion pictures produced during and after variety. The study of examples from the earth and the changes that profoundly transformed American life the war, looking at such issues as historical accuracy, heavens, from human visual and auditory art, from during the century. R. Jones, Economics the use of propaganda, treatment of characters, and language and literature, and from rhetoric and rea- the overall artistic impact of the films. soning will show symmetry (or a lack of it) as a LS II 020. TRADITION AND CHANGE: EUROPE’S David Eyman, Liberal Studies crucial component of form and content. D. Hurwitz, JEWS 1789-1945 Mathematics and Computer Science A study of Europe’s Jews from the eighteenth century LS2 186. BEGINNINGS OF MODERNISM: THE to 1945, from the ghetto through emancipation in the TRIALS OF OSCAR WILDE AND LS2 190. THE HUMAN EXPERIENCE OF EXILE nineteenth century, to the undoing of emancipation in JAMES MCNEILL WHISTLER This course will explore, through appropriate texts the twentieth century. This examination will employ In the mid-nineteenth century, a new mood began to and from the interdisciplinary perspective, five areas the perspectives of history, literature, and sociology. sweep through Europe giving rise to strong chal- which each relate in an exemplary way to exile lenges to the status quo in science, religion, philoso- experience, highlighting both the different and unify- LS II 022. FRENCH COLONIALISM IN AFRICA: phy, and art. What began as "outsider" movements ing aspects of this multifaceted topic. Using as a 1830-1985 gradually impinged on the social order at large and point of departure the traditional understanding of Examination of the changes that have occurred eventually challenged the prevailing values. In the exile as persecution and banishment from home primarily in West Africa and in France as a result of early days of the Modernist movement, the establish- (exemplified in the Jewish suffering from exile the colonializing and decolonializing processes of the ment found their experiments amusing, but in time throughout the course of history), we will examine the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. We will view they were seen to present a serious and dangerous U.S. as a country of refuge and as one of forced exile those changes through the eyes of different groups of challenge. The break between nineteenth-century within its expansion (slavery). Further, exile experi- people, those who accepted and those who fought conservatism and twentieth-century openness is ence will be explored in relation to existentialism. We change, those who actively promoted it, those who symbolized by the two great aesthetic trials of James will then look at specific manifestations of exile profited and those who lost. Novels and films will McNeill Whistler and Oscar Wilde. Although both experience in humans' "normal" life cycles. Connec- provide a framework for understanding the situation artists suffered as a result of their trials, their tions between exile and creativity will also be exam- of the individual within the structure of traditional struggles were instrumental in freeing the twentieth- ined. This course, in its multifaceted approach, societies. Reading in political science, anthropology, century modernist from moral and aesthetic restric- suggests that exile experience, in its different mani- and history will provide some formal background tions. Students will examine and analyze materials festations, has significance in our everyday lives, about the past and organization of Islamic and from art, literature, music, philosophy, psychology, even if we may not be aware of it. U. Giguere animist cultures. (Fulfills non-Western culture and social history. L. Ries, Liberal Studies Liberal Studies requirement.) H. Jaouad, Foreign Languages and Literatures LS2 187. THE ART OF ECSTASY This course explores the literature and visual art The following LS II, LS III, and LS IV course descrip- LS II 023. EUROPE’S QUEST FOR UNITY produced and inspired by medieval visionaries, tions are listed for the class of 2000. The course explores the changing ways in which the focusing on representations of ecstatic experience in countries of Western Europe have tried since 1945 to medieval mystical literature, manuscript illumination, LS II: CULTURAL TRADITIONS AND integrate their economies into a “European Commu- painting and sculpture, and on analytical discussions SOCIAL CHANGE nity.” The impact of World War II on these countries of ecstasy in theology, literature and history, and in or provides the context in which the logic of integration the social and natural sciences. Medieval mystics CULTURE AND DIFFERENCE IN THE was first argued. Students will be introduced to an ventured into a realm inaccessible to the normal UNITED STATES unusual regional experiment that has brought certain processes of sensation and reasoning and well (3 semester hours) aspects of political, economic, and social life in beyond the grasp of faith itself. In order to communi- LS II courses give students some sense of the Western Europe into a common, although imperfect, cate their experiences they and their followers framework. R. Ginsberg, Government past and help them to explore the nature and “reinvented” language or turned away from verbal expression in favor of the visual arts. (Meets exposi- significance of social change from a variety of LS II 024. POVERTY IN THE UNITED STATES, tory writing requirement for students who placed at perspectives. By exploring how societies, or 1900-PRESENT EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) certain aspects of societies, change over time, This course examines the political, economic, social, K. Greenspan, English students learn about social changes they may and cultural dimensions of poverty in America from encounter in their lifetimes. circa 1900 to the present with attention to earlier LS2. 188. THE DEBATE ABOUT WOMEN IN THE periods as a basis for historical perspective. We MIDDLE AGES The following courses fulfill the LS II require- shall explore changes and continuities in ideas and The medieval debate about women had enduring ment: LS2 102, 106, 107, 110, 111, 113 117, definitions of poverty; in the problems, lives, values, impact upon Western ideas about gender and author- 119, 123, 124, 127, 132, 133, 136, 140, 144, behavior and attitudes of the poor; in the causes and ity. In this course, we will study questions raised by 148, 149, 150, 154, 155, 159; AM 231; CL consequences of poverty; and in social policies. medieval theologians, philosophers, poets, artists, 200; EC 100; ED 315; FL 266, 267; GO 227; M. Tacardon, and critics about the nature of women, their abilities, HI 104, 105; and SW 214. The course Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work virtues and vices, their power, and their proper descriptions can be found under the appropri- relation to men. We will explore the implications of LS II 030: THE CHANGING SOUTH: RACE AND ate program or disciplinary headings. these questions both in medieval terms and in the POLITICS SINCE 1928 light of modern critical, historical, and especially A close examination of changes in race relations and LS II 007. RISE OF A NEW NATION: THE CASE feminist discussions. (Meets expository writing party politics in the Southern states, 1928 to the OF TURKEY requirement for students who placed at EN105 level present, and of the relationships between the two. A The course covers three decades, 1908-38, within or who have completed EN103.) look as well at demographic, economic, social, and which the Ottoman Empire collapsed and the Turkish K. Greenspan, English cultural changes in the South through that period. Republic emerged. It is a period of time marked by the decay of empires and by the rise of nation-states. Turkey’s transformation from an empire into a national state, from a medieval theocracy into a constitutional republic, from a bureaucratic feudalism into a capitalistic economy will be studied through changes in community and nation, state and govern- ment, religion and culture, society and class. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) M. Odekon, Economics 65 LS II 037. DISTINCTIONS: CHANGING LS II 049. INDUSTRIALIZATION OF EUROPE: LS II 067. FOOD AND SOCIETY CULTURAL PATTERNS IN AMERICA SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC To a large extent, we take the availability of food for An exploration of cultural distinctions in the United CONSEQUENCES granted in late twentieth-century American culture. States against the background of changes in The course will deal with the industrialization of This has not always been the case for humans. The America’s economic, social, and political systems Europe, making use of the disciplines of history, study of food resources, traditions, myths, and rituals since the early nineteenth century. This course economics, and literature. Topics include Europe’s is really a study of cultural and social change over examines the conditions under which distinctions traditional economy; the agricultural revolution; the time. This course is intended to give students a sense between high culture and popular culture developed, accumulation of capital and skill; the political back- of how and why the culture of food has changed, and changes in ways Americans have defined and judged ground of industrialization; technological changes; how their own cultural traditions are connected to well “Culture,” evolving relationships between patron and the diffusion of skills; specialization; the “second defined past traditions. The overall purpose of this producer of culture and between performer and industrial revolution”; comparative developments course is to introduce the student to the history of audience, and the distribution of aesthetic standards among continental countries; economic cycles; social food and to answer the question of how we got where among Americans. This course also considers changes including the rise of the city; the factory; the we are as consumers of food, American style. related issues of what it means to be “culturally money economy; middle and working class organiza- Una Bray, Mathematics and Computer Science literate” as well as the social and political implications tion and way of life; literature’s depiction of the new of cultural literacy in pluralistic America. W. Fox, society in novels. Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work LS III: ARTISTIC FORMS AND CRITICAL LS II 053. THE CONSTITUTION AND SOCIAL CONCEPTS LS II 038. WOMEN’S BODIES, WOMEN’S MINDS CHANGE (3 semester hours) An interdisciplinary examination of changing attitudes An examination of the relation between social change LS III courses consider one or more of the arts toward women in nineteenth and twentieth century and Constitutional development in the United States. and explore the relations between artistic America, with particular emphasis on ideas concern- The course will explore the ways in which the U.S. forms and other forms of communication (e.g., ing women’s bodies and women’s minds. Beginning Constitution, as interpreted by the United States philosophical, historical, and critical writings). with an analysis of the Victorian notions of women’s Supreme Court, has at various times reflected, They show how products of the human mind bodies as frail and women’s minds as limited, we will facilitated, or retarded social change. Substantive progress through feminist challenges to that ortho- areas of law to be covered will include: (1) the Consti- communicate to a listener, viewer or reader, doxy, various efforts at educating women, the chang- tutional inclusion or exclusion of racial, gender, whether expressing emotions or making an ing regulation of sexuality and reproduction, patterns cultural, and language groups; (2) the relation of the argument. LS III courses also work to refine of employment, culminating with some study of individual to society; and (3) the relation of Constitu- students’ aesthetic abilities and expand their recent work in the psychology of women. Paralleling tional development to economic change. critical responses to artistic forms. the study of changing attitudes towards women will be a consideration of women’s evolving roles in LS II 055. LAW AND CONFLICT IN CHANGING The following courses fulfill the LS III require- American society and culture. TIMES ment: LS2 101, 104, 105, 108, 109, 122, 128, M. Lynn, American Studies This course will explore the way in which fundamen- 130, 135, 139, 147, 152, 153, 156, 158, 164, S. Kress, English tal changes in three societies affected the role of law 165, 167, 169, 170, 171, 182; FL263A. The M. Stange, Philosophy and Religion as a solution to conflict. We will examine the interplay course descriptions can be found under the between law and extra-legal methods of dispute appropriate LS or disciplinary heading. LS II 042. THE CRUSADES: WAR AND IDENTITY resolution in: 1) Salem, Massachusetts during the IN THE MIDDLE AGES witchcraft trials of 1692; 2) Iceland during the period LS III 003. THE BAROQUE AND This course will introduce students to the social and of the sagas; and 3) the Cherokee Nation in the THE CONCEPT OF THE NOVEL cultural consequences of the First through the Sixth eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This study A study of Cervantes’ Don Quixote as representative Crusades (eleventh through thirteenth centuries). We triggers questions about the role of law and alterna- of the Baroque period and as a novel containing the will examine the effect of those violent encounters tive methods of dispute resolution in our own society. salient characteristics of modern fiction. The course between the Christian and Muslim worlds upon Readings include legal materials, a saga, and focuses on the historical and cultural context of the perceptions of self and the other, upon national and secondary sources from different disciplines. novel and explores the art of reading fiction. religious identity, and upon material culture and J.C. Lertora or G. Burton, social structure in both societies. Special attention LS II 063. DISCOVERING THE BOOK: Foreign Languages and Literatures will be given to the ways that contemporary observ- HISTORY, STRUCTURE, IMPACT ers and participants understood the Crusades and A history of the book, including the history of ideas LS III 006. “THE MOST ROMANTIC ART”: the forces shaping their world. Further, we will look and their dissemination. Since the Renaissance, the GERMAN MUSIC AND THE critically at the ways in which historians of art, litera- book has been the principal material platform for the ROMANTIC SPIRIT ture, and society have interpreted the impact of the spread of the culture of intellect in the West, as we The course will explore the essential spirit, mood, Crusades upon European and Muslim civilization. have come to understand this phenomenon. The and outlook of German Romanticism, considered (Meets expository writing requirement for students epochal changes that began to occur once printed against the backdrop of Enlightenment thought. who placed at EN105 level or who have completed books found a place in everyday life have been German music will be the main focus, but the course EN103.) K. Greenspan, English central to the evolution of Western society. This also will examine literature and the visual art of the course will study the changing form of the book as period. The student’s principal task in the course will LS II 045. THE FORGOTTEN HALF: LATIN both an anticipation and a result of cultural and be to develop a personal understanding of the AMERICAN WOMEN BEFORE AND intellectual evolution. (Meets expository writing richness and complexity of German Romanticism. AFTER SPANISH COLONIZATION requirement for students who placed at EN105 level Reading of critical works (by Romantics and by more The course will focus on the changing situation of or who have completed EN103.) R. Copans, Library modern writers) will raise key issues, ranging from women in three distinct periods of Spanish American J. Anzalone, Foreign Languages and Literatures the Romantics’ urgent need to tap the mysterious history: the Inca Empire, Spanish conquest and inner, irrational and even demonic regions of the colonialism, and the post Independence era, with an LS II 066. IMAGES OF LATINAS soul, to the role Romanticism played as catalyst for emphasis on the twentieth century. The objective of This course will focus on the experience of Latinas nineteenth century German nationalism and its later the course is two-fold: (1) To study ways in which as portrayed in their literary work. In studying the misuse by the Fascists. Composers to be studied male-dominated social and political institutions have interplay of cultural, historical, political, and socio- include Mozart, Beethoven, Schubert, Schumann, affected the status and development of Spanish economic factors affecting Latinas’ roles and gender Mendelssohn, and Wagner. (Meets expository American women, and (2) To examine the alternative relationships, we will be able to identify the unique- writing requirement for students who placed at responses women of various ethnic and socio- ness of their experiences and its expression within EN105 level or who have completed EN103.) economic backgrounds have pursued. the diverse multicultural society of the United States. T. Denny, Music P. Rubio, Foreign Languages and Literatures Interdisciplinary perspectives include literature, literary criticism, history, and cultural studies. (Designated a culture and difference in the U. S. course.) V. Rangil, Foreign Languages and Literatures

66 LS III 007. THE MUSICIAN: ARCHETYPE AND LS III 021. DANTE’S DIVINE COMEDY LS III 042. IMAGES OF CONTEMPORARY LITERARY PATTERNS This course is designed as an interdisciplinary ITALIAN WOMEN Musicians in art and life are sometimes seen as reading of Dante’s Divine Comedy with primary focus An exploration of contemporary Italian women as romantic heroes or devilish tempters. Focusing on on analytical perspectives such as the literary, portrayed through both the words and images of the musician in literature from mythology to the historical, political, philosophical, and theological. The women artists. A first group of artistic works (novels present, this course endeavors to explain where supplemental readings are designed to acquaint the and films) illustrates some of the themes particularly these and other conventional notions come from and student with the medieval view of life and literature, relevant to Italian women’s lives: family, socialization, how they develop. C.G. Jung’s conception of the and also to show how Dante’s text serves as a sexual politics, Catholicism, friendship, and solitude. archetype is applied to musician characters from reflection of the Zeitgeist of the Middle Ages. The This first heading shows women either as perpetra- many times and places. A psychological theory and a course will closely examine such medieval topics as tors of a system of morality or as individuals who literary pattern are juxtaposed—analytic and artistic allegory, love, justice, secular and spiritual authori- either accept the status quo or propose alternatives. approaches explore a common world. ties, the image of women, and the relationship A second grouping shows women as artists: women M. Levith, English between philosophy and theology. We will also study shapers of cultures. One of the topics explored under the Divine Comedy in relation to the visual arts by the second thematic heading is “women as writers"; LS III 014. WOMEN, CREATIVITY AND THE viewing several illustrations from Botticelli and the the critical work directs attention to the debate on PERFORMING ARTS Renaissance illustrators to Dore, and selected “gender and genre.” S. Smith, A study of forms in modern dance, theater, and modern and contemporary paintings of Dante’s poem. Foreign Languages and Literatures poetry and the bearing of heritage, history, and G. Faustini, Foreign Languages and Literatures gender on the creative process with particular atten- LS III 044. THE HUMAN FIGURE IN ART: THE tion to the work of American women choreographers, LS III 027. OPERA: AN “UNREAL” ART HEROIC AND GROTESQUE AS playwrights/directors, and poets. Through examination of selected operas and a wide SYMBOLIC FORM C. Anderson, Theater range of operatic criticism, the course will explore An exploration of the human figure in visual and W. Hall, English, and American Studies both the problems and the unique artistic possibilities literary art of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. M. DiSanto-Rose, Exercise Science, Dance, Athletics inherent in a highly conventionalized, unrealistic art This course will consider the artistic interpretations of form such as opera. T. Denny, Music the human figure which reflect the rapidly changing LS III 016. FACT, FICTION AND REALITY technological, political, and social structures of the A study of the relation of fiction to reality, with LS III 028. MATHEMATICS AND THE ART OF modern world—how each generation of artists has particular attention to forms, properties, and uses of M.C. ESCHER reinterpreted the human subject, invented appropri- prose narrative art as an imaginative mode of knowl- An examination of the mathematical ideas inherent in ate figurative forms, and struggled to create its own edge—as a lie which seeks to tell the truth about the work of the graphic artist M. C. Escher. Two individual aesthetic. Startling, diverse, extreme, and human experience even as it acknowledges the central aspects of Escher's art are geometry and often bizarre interpretations—grotesque as well as elusiveness of truth. In addition to novels, short symmetry. The course explores the relationship heroic—will be studied, attesting to the complex stories, and dramatic poetry, students will read critical between Escher's art and the underlying mathemati- forces bearing on the human condition. Students will studies in philosophy, aesthetics, psychology, and cal themes and considers the artist's success at analyze the human figure as symbolic form created historiography. R. Ciancio, English achieving a visual representation of mathematical by major artists obsessed with such themes as war ideas. Prerequisite: QR 1. (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) and alienation, as well as sexuality, heroism, and LS III 019. NEW WAVE FILM: FROM CRITICISM M. Hofmann, Mathematics and Computer Science beauty. Psychological, philosophical, and sociological TO CREATION 1959-1963 perspectives will provide the context for the investiga- France’s New Wave film makers burst upon the world LS III 029. TRAGEDY: ART AND CRITICISM tion of visual art. J. Felt, Art and Art History screen in 1959, bringing with their first films excited An examination of changes in the theory, nature, and controversy, and changing irrevocably the way in perception of tragic drama from the Greeks to the LS III 048. THE MUSEUM ON EXHIBIT which film is discussed, analyzed, and even under- modern period. Plays by Aeschylus, Sophocles, Museums are a powerful force in our culture, a force stood. The impact of such a small group of artists on Shakespeare, Ibsen, Sartre, O’Neill, and Miller will be that deserves scrutiny. As the site where artists and film discourse has been disproportionately great, but read, along with critical studies by Aristotle, Hume, critics confront one another, museums witness it did not come about randomly. Before Truffaut or Nietzsche, and A. C. Bradley. unending negotiations between art and discourse. Godard, or any of the other directors, ever made a F. Gonzalez, Philosophy and Religion Such negotiations will be the focus of this course, film, they were critics and theorists; they all had very which proposes to place the museum itself on exhibit. definite ideas about what film should be and do; they LS III 037. THE VISIONARY HAND: AESTHETIC Our texts will come from social history, theory, fiction, knew what they wanted to see, but were not seeing in ISSUES IN CRAFT and poetry; and we will travel to local museums. We the French cinema of the 1950s. This course will The traditional separation between “craft” and “fine will also look at the museum in film and at artists who study the relationship of film criticism to film making art” has inspired wide and energetic debate, yet confront the exhibition space within their very works. among the directors of the New Wave. We will see against the tapestry of our artistic heritage this (Meets expository writing requirement for students films by earlier directors, both French and foreign, distinction demands a reinvestigation. This course who placed at EN105 level or who have completed that strongly marked the growth of the New Wave interrogates the prevailing biases of an art/craft EN103.) B. Black, English directors when they were critics for les Cahiers du dichotomy and explores the development of the craft cinema. We will read some of the criticism they wrote tradition (ceramics, metalsmithing, textiles, etc.) in LS III 049. AFRICAN-AMERICAN DANCE IN THE for that journal. We will view and study selected films relation to the major social and aesthetic movements AMERICAS: 1600 TO PRESENT made by them from 1959 to 1963. And we will at- in Western art and culture, with an emphasis on the The course traces the African roots of dance from the tempt to define some of the important features of the changing role of the crafts artist in society. west coast of seventeenth-century Africa to the path that leads from criticism to creation. D. Peterson, Art and Art History American post-modern choreographers of today. It J. Anzalone, Foreign Languages and Literatures explores the origin, repression, and development of LS III 040. THE DAWN OF MODERNISM: the diverse contributions made in social dance and RUSSIAN AND SOVIET THEATER, concert dance. The class includes lectures and film 1875-1925 viewing, discussion and oral reporting, reading, With the collapse of Czarist regimes, and amidst the research, writing, and practical studio experience in stirrings of a new social order, Russia at the turn of which the students will be exposed to rudimentary the century was positioned at the frontiers of a new African dances and jazz tap. cultural order. A radically-altered society demanded of its artists fresh aesthetic insights, a break with age- old conventions of art. The course situates itself at this point of rupture, emphasizing for the most part innovative strategies deployed by theater and visual artists to effect this breach. In examining the works of a wide assortment of artists and movements we shall arrive at a familiarity with modernism’s ebullient vocabulary, and a formulation of avant-garde aesthet- ics, crucial to our understanding of today’s world. G. Dasgupta, Theater 67 LS III 050. THE SPACE BETWEEN FACE AND LS IV 011. ROLE OF NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE IN LS IV 034. PLAYING NATURE: ORGANIC MASK: CONSTRUCTING IDENTITIES CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY SYNTHESIS AND SOCIETY, 1900-1975 IN PRE-MODERN JAPAN This course will examine the basic principles of the Organic synthesis has had a significant impact on our This course explores the socially and culturally science of nutrition and will explore its role in the society in this century. Our understanding of organic determined character types of the aristocratic court development of physical, mental, psychological, materials at the molecular level has led to the devel- lady, the Zen monk, and the Shogun warrior of pre- social, and cultural aspects of human values at the opment of products which touch nearly every aspect modern Japan. Using visual portraits, poetry, diaries, personal level. The impact of nutritional science on of modern life: dyes, cosmetics, chemotherapeutic and critical analysis, we will analyze the different the various branches of contemporary society will be agents, contraceptives, herbicides, and so on. In this means and processes by which artists, poets, and studied in depth and nutrition-related issues in the course we will examine three general areas in which writers craft the images, and by which the audience, society today will be analyzed and evaluated. organic synthesis has made major contributions to intended or otherwise, perceives and responds to V. Narasimhan, Chemistry and Physics society: pharmaceuticals, insecticides, and polymers. them. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) Concurrently, we will explore the influence of social R. Linrothe, Art and Art History LS IV 013. COMPUTATION: ITS HISTORY, forces that have directed the course of research and ITS EFFECTS ON SCIENCE, development in these fields as well as the intended or LS III 059. HIROSHIMA: IMAGE AND REALITY ITS EFFECTS ON SOCIETY unintended ecological effects of these developments. The extremity of the A-bomb's devastation of This course will consider the development of human R. Giguere, Hiroshima strains our imagination and intellect. computation—the reasons that computation is Chemistry and Physics Critical analysis and artistic form provide two distinct necessary, the methods that have been used to yet complementary ways to attempt to understand perform it, the effects that these methods have had, LS IV 037. THE CROOKED MIRROR: IMAGES OF Hiroshima. By comparing historical and psychological and the directions in which computation seems to be SCIENCE IN SOCIETY analyses with literary memoirs, films, novels, and oral going. Various devices, systems, algorithms, the Science is a vast and impenetrable mystery to most testimonies, we will examine how Hiroshima was applications which caused their development, their people; that this is so is reflected in the popularly held experienced, survived, and remembered. Offered rise into common use, and the implications to their images of both science and scientists. These range in alternate years. (Meets expository writing require- users will be explored. Prerequisite: QR 1. (Fulfills from that of Dr. Frankenstein and his various clones, ment for students who placed at EN105 level or who QR2 requirement.) D. Hurwitz, who, if not inherently evil, are at least totally amoral, have completed EN103.) J. Smith, Mathematics and Computer Science to the saint-like but absent-minded wisdom of Albert Philosophy and Religion Einstein. To what extent are these stereotypes LS IV 021. PSYCHOACTIVE DRUGS: SCIENTIFIC accurate? What do they tell us about society’s AND SOCIAL CONTEXTS attitudes toward science? To study these questions, LS IV: SCIENCE AND SOCIETY This course will trace the interaction between we will use contemporary physics as a framework, (3 semester hours*) scientific knowledge and social responses to such and will contrast the image of the scientific commu- LS IV courses explore science as a critical knowledge regarding the use of psychoactive drug nity held by scientists (science as it is “actually means of understanding the world, as an substances. After a consideration of the nature of done”), with the image that is popularly perceived and undertaking with serious ethical, social, and consciousness, and introduction to the structure and promulgated via film, literature, etc. In the process we technological implications, and/or as an the function of the nervous system, and exposure to will study some of the fundamental constructions of important part of intellectual and cultural some basic pharmacological concepts, we will study twentieth-century physics, including the theory of the specific psychological and physiological effects of relativity, and the “standard model” of elementary history. They should help students to compre- various psychoactive substances (e.g., caffeine, particle physics and its connection with cosmology hend and examine critically the impact of nicotine, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, heroin, and and the birth of the Universe. science and technology on their lives, and to LSD). Psychological, historical, and cultural influ- D. Atkatz, Chemistry and Physics make the personal and political decisions ences of drug use and the social regulation of drug regarding science and technology demanded use will then be examined to demonstrate that the LS IV 039. GENETICS AND HUMAN AFFAIRS of them in the future. distinction between legal and illegal substances is The genetic basis of heredity will be examined as one * LS IV 029 and BI 135 are 4-credit courses. social rather than pharmacological, and that social of the fundamental, unifying concepts of modern attitudes and legal proscriptions of drug substances biology. The science of genetics will be examined The following courses fulfill the LS IV are not based on scientific and/or pharmacological from its origins to the present. Applications of genetic requirement: LS2 103, 112, 114, 116, 118, concerns. Finally, the general nature of the social use theory and technology to human affairs and the 120, 121, 129, 131, 137, 138, 142, 143, (or in this case, nonuse) of scientific knowledge will responsibilities such applications impose on society 151,157,160, 162, 166, 168, 172; BI135. The be explored. will be considered. B. Possidente, Biology course descriptions can be found under the appropriate LS or disciplinary heading. LS IV 027. RADIATION AND SOCIETY LS IV 041. SCIENCE, PSEUDOSCIENCE, AND An examination of radiation and its effect on society. FRAUD The interrelationship between our understanding of While most people are in agreement about the LS IV 001. FITNESS, PHYSIOLOGY, AND VALUES radiation and society’s reaction to that understanding tremendous effect which scientific inquiry has upon IN AMERICA will be examined. As we study radiation, exploring the society, there is no universally accepted answer to This course will examine the manner in which the nexus between scientific inquiry and society, we the question: What is science? What exactly is meant science of exercise physiology interacts with the focus on radiation’s interaction with matter, the by terms like “scientific revolution” and “scientific American society and the value system of that scientific method, changing societal attitudes toward knowledge,” and how do we discern the difference society. The course will include an introduction to the radiation, and the ways those societal attitudes between science, myth, superstition, and pseudo- scientific bases to aerobic physical activity (e.g., change the directions of science. W. Standish, science? The need for such a line of demarcation for jogging, swimming, cycling). Study of the physiologi- Chemistry and Physics science is reflected both in the number and variety of cal changes which occur as the body adapts to the pseudoscientific claims which are passed off as being stress of aerobic exercise will be combined with an LS IV 029. EPIDEMICS AND SOCIETY scientific and in the rising number of incidents of inquiry pursuing the way in which the science of This course will consider the medical, social, and scientific fraud. Attempts to solve the demarcation exercise physiology influenced the emergence of the historical effects of such epidemic diseases as problem are studied which are based on the method- fitness movements in the United States. The course plague, leprosy, smallpox, kuru, and AIDS. The tools ology of science, the sociology of science, or on the will examine the interaction between aerobic fitness of epidemiology will be used to examine the course of manner in which scientific knowledge grows. and the value structure of both the individual and an epidemic, make predictions about the scope of an D. Vella, Mathematics and Computer Science society. Participation in an individualized exercise epidemic and make statements about the eventual program is required. outcome of an epidemic. Prerequisite: QR1. (Fulfills QR2 requirement; earns 4 semester-hours of credit) U. Bray, Mathematics and Computer Science

68 LS IV 042. ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND ID 303. INDIVIDUALITY: BODY, MIND, AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM Interdisciplinary CULTURE 3 SOLVING The concept of individuality explored from an inter- Ethics and value influence our perception of environ- disciplinary perspective and raising such issues as: mental conflicts and direct both scientific inquiry and ID 201H. LIBERAL STUDIES I TUTORING (1) the ways in which the body and mind contribute the actions taken to solve environmental problems. PROJECT 3 to a sense of self; (2) the extent to which one’s This course will explore the perception, understand- An introduction to the theory and practice of collabo- individuality is a given (biologically constrained, fixed, ing, and solution of environmental problems. rative learning as they relate to the interdisciplinary unitary) or is constructed (culturally and cognitively Throughout the course, we will develop basic ecologi- issues raised in Liberal Studies 1. The course exam- driven, changing, multidimensional); (3) the role cal principles. We will use this ecological framework ines the role of tutors, the ethics of tutoring, and played by temporal (past, present, future) and spatial to understand biological aspects of conflicts between common tutoring problems. Students engage in an (inside/outside, personal/social space) features in people and the environment and to critique the intensive reconsideration of the readings and topics support, or not, of a sense of self; (4) the reasons process of resolving environmental conflicts. in LS1, placing them in wider intellectual and peda- that the very notion of the individual has changed M. Raveret-Richter, Biology gogical contexts, and undertake a term project on an over time; and (5) the ways in which the notion of the LS1 topic. Required for all students as preparation for individual differs crossculturally. Readings, discus- serving as an LS1 tutor. (This is an Honors course.) sions, and research will draw upon the resources of M. Marx, English various disciplines including biology, psychology, C. Berheide, Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work literature, literary criticism, history, sociology, and philosophy. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. Internship T. Diggory, English ID 271, 272. INTERDISCIPLINARY M. Foley, Psychology INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 (See Internships at Skidmore, page 12.) B. Possidente, Biology Independent work for sophomores or more advanced J. Zangrando, American Studies IN 100. EXPLORATION INTERNSHIP 3 students with an approved self-determined major, Internship experience for students in all classes who and whose plan of study requires an interdisciplinary ID 304. THE INFORMATION REVOLUTION wish to gain professional or vocational experience approach beyond the academic structures available An interdisciplinary examination of the effects of the within an educational context at an entry level, or who through established departmental courses. The "information revolution" on the human material and wish to have educational and work experience in a student must have background appropriate to the cultural environment. The information revolution, field not directly related to an academic department proposed study, must have completed LS1 and at brought on by rapid advances in information tech- at Skidmore. Proposals require faculty sponsorship least one other interdisciplinary course at Skidmore, nology, is changing humans in profound ways. The and are reviewed for credit by the Curriculum must carefully define a plan of study, and must enlist course will consider the technological changes that Committee. Not for liberal arts credit. the guidance of one or more faculty as appropriate. led to the information revolution, as well as the Proposals for ID271 and 272 are reviewed by the psychological, social, economic, and political implica- chair of the Self-Determined Majors Subcommittee. tions of the revolution. K. Szymborski, Library

ID 301. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND ID 351. TOPICS IN INTERDISCIPLINARY SOCIAL CHOICES 3 STUDIES 3 An interdisciplinary examination of the role of science Topically organized courses based on themes or and technology in our lives and in our culture. problems that bring together the perspectives of Through an examination of the development and use multiple disciplines. The specific themes or problems of the atomic bomb, the growth of the space program, may differ from year to year. Examples include "the and the evolution of modern medical science, this family” as a biological, psychological, sociological, course examines the growing collaboration between and artistic construct; science and music; and creativ- government and the scientific enterprise, and some ity in the arts and in the sciences. The course with a of the social, moral, and cultural implications of different theme/topic may be repeated for credit. crucial twentieth-century development in technology. Students and faculty, drawn from a variety of majors ID 371, 372. INTERDISCIPLINARY INDEPENDENT in the humanities, sciences, and social sciences, will STUDY 3, 3 collaborate in exploring the public policy issues Independent work for juniors and seniors with an resulting from recent scientific endeavors. approved self-determined major, and whose plan of Prerequisite: permission of instructor. study requires an interdisciplinary approach beyond R. DeSieno, Mathematics and Computer Science the academic structures available through estab- M. Lynn, American Studies lished departmental courses. The student must have G. Pfitzer, American Studies background appropriate to the proposed study, must have completed all Liberal Studies courses, must ID 302. SARATOGA LANDSCAPES 4 carefully define a plan of study, and must enlist the An interdisciplinary approach to the examination and guidance of one or more faculty as appropriate. writing of local history focusing on changes in the Proposals for ID 371 and 372 are reviewed by the Saratoga landscape wrought by successive interac- chair of the Self-Determined Majors Subcommittee. tions among humans and the natural world they inhabit. Through the use of original source materials, LI 100. ELECTRONIC INFORMATION field trips and seminar discussion, students will be RESOUCES 1 introduced to alternative or nontraditional histories of An introduction to electronic information retrieval and the Saratoga region. Drawing on the perspectives evaluation. A team-taught course aimed at the and methods of archaeology, human ecology, geol- refinement of online searching skills using a variety of ogy, folklore, and social and architectural history, electronic data bases. Although primarily tool-ori- students will be mentored through the processes of ented, the course will address the issues of the gathering data and writing original, topically oriented structure of disciplinary information systems, the Saratoga histories. Prerequisite: permission of selection of proper information resources, and the instructor. evaluation of search results. Some of the social J. Azzarto, Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work implications of the information revolution will also be S. Bender, Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work discussed. Library Faculty K. Johnson, Geology

69 THE AMERICAN STUDIES MINOR: The Honors Forum American Studies American studies minor consists of seven courses, including AM 101, 102 or 201, 202 (depending on the department’s perception of Honors Courses. Each semester the faculty Chair of the Department of American Studies: the student’s preparation); three American offer 10-20 designated sections of courses as Gregory M. Pfitzer, Ph.D. studies courses, including AM 221, American Honors. The courses come from the full spec- Studies: Methods and Approaches, and two trum of the curriculum, are often introductory in Professors: Joanna S. Zangrando, Ph.D., courses in one or more American subject nature, and are usually open to first-year Douglas Family Professor of American areas. An interested student should apply to students. With prior approval, students may Culture, History, Literary and Interdisciplinary the department chair for acceptance as an design independent projects to further investi- Studies; Mary C. Lynn, Ph.D. American studies minor and for assignment to gate topics introduced in prior courses.The Associate Professor: Gregory M. Pfitzer, Ph.D. a faculty advisor who will work with the student following courses will always be offered as to devise a minor program suited to his or her Visiting Associate Professor: Wilma B. Hall, Ph.D. Honors courses: AM232, CH107, EN303, interests and needs. Students must maintain GE113, ID201, and PY221. For a full list see at least a 2.0 average in minor courses and American studies is an interdisciplinary major the annual Addendum to the Master Course must file a Declaration of Minor form with the that focuses upon life and culture in the United Schedule (available from the Registrar's registrar’s office before the beginning of their States, past and present, using the resources, Office.) last semester at Skidmore. Students should techniques, and approaches of a variety of elect the minor by the second semester of their disciplines. The major examines the diversity HF 100. HONORS FORUM WORKSHOP 1 junior year. A topical workshop, seminar, discussion group or lab/ of Americans as well as their commonly- studio experience sponsored through the Honors shared experiences, and incorporates race, AM 101. INTRODUCTION TO AMERICAN Forum. HF100 may be offered as an optional "hon- gender, class, and ethnicity as categories for CULTURE: PRE-CIVIL WAR 3 ors" credit linked to a regular course offering at the cultural analysis. Students majoring in A study of the development of American life and 100 level, or as a free-standing academic experience American studies plan, with faculty advisors, culture up to the Civil War. Topics include utopian open to Honors Forum and other highly motivated a program of study that reflects their interests visions of the new world, religious settlements, the students. Prerequisites: as determined by the instruc- in American society and culture: history, the creation of a national iconography, the social implica- tor and the Honors Forum Council, concurrent arts, music, literature, government, economics, tions of slavery, racial and ethnic conflict, gender enrollment in a particular 100-level course, or social structures, sociology and anthropology, roles, and the rise of American intellectual traditions. completion of a prerequisite course. institutions, education, and philosophy and Resources include fiction, folklore, satire, sermons, maps, journals, captivity narratives, trial transcripts, HF 200. HONORS FORUM WORKSHOP 1 religion. Their combination of a core of autobiography, art, architecture and material culture. A topical workshop, seminar, discussion group or interdisciplinary American studies courses (Fulfills society-B component of breadth require- lab/studio experience sponsored through the Honors on specific topics, themes, eras and ways to ment.) G. Pfitzer, the Department Forum. HF200 may be offered as an optional study American culture together with American "honors" credit linked to a regular course offering at subject courses from different disciplines AM 102. INTRODUCTION TO AMERICAN the 200 level, or as a freestanding academic experi- provides both breadth and in-depth knowledge CULTURE: POST-CIVIL WAR 3 ence open to Honors Forum and other highly moti- of the development of American culture. With An examination of American life and culture from vated students. Prerequisites: as determined by the the encouragement of the American studies the Civil War to the present. Topics include social instructor and the Honors Forum Council, concurrent faculty students often include study abroad, movements, westward expansion, immigration, enrollment in a particular 200-level course, or com- Washington semester, or internship experi- urbanization, the Horatio Alger myth, the rise of labor, pletion of a prerequisite course. ences in their programs. economic growth and class differences, the role of the federal government, racial and ethnic conflict, HF 271, 272. HONORS INDEPENDENT STUDY 3,3 THE AMERICAN STUDIES MAJOR: Students gender roles, war and peace, and criticism of Ameri- An independent research or project opportunity for can culture. Various resources, such as popular unusually well qualified first-year or sophomore must fulfill the requirements designated in culture, music, film, sermons, diaries, trial transcripts, students working at “honors” level. In consultation the three areas below as well as satisfy the literature, historical studies, art and architecture, and with a sponsoring faculty member, the student general college requirements for the degree various primary documents are used. (Fulfills society- proposes to the Honors Council a project that builds of bachelor of arts. To qualify for honors in B component of breadth requirement.) upon the student’s academic background and inter- American studies, students must complete the G. Pfitzer, the Department ests and concludes in an “honors” paper or project to honors thesis. be shared with the wider student community. The AM 201. AMERICAN IDENTITIES: PRE-1870s 3 Honors Independent Study may not be substituted for 1. Prerequisites: AM 101, 102; or HI 221, 222 A study of the changing ways Americans have available Honors courses. (American History). defined themselves, from colonization to the mid- nineteenth century. Relying heavily on primary HF 300. HONORS FORUM SEMINAR 1 2. American Studies Courses: seven courses sources, the course examines critical issues and An honors seminar for more advanced students above the 100 level, to be selected in periods including race, ethnicity, gender, class, centered on a topic, research project, or other aca- consultation with the student's advisor. These culture contact, revolution, reform, and war, as well demic activity pertinent to one of the academic must include AM 221, American Studies: as men and women whose lives and work reveal the disciplines. Prerequisites: open to junior and senior cultural temper of their time. (Fulfills LS II require- Honors Forum students and other highly motivated Methods and Approaches and AM 374, Senior ment and society-B component of breadth require- students with advance standing, appropriate course Seminar. ment; designated a culture and difference in the background, or permission of the instructor. 3. American Subjects: three courses about the United States course.) M. Lynn United States taken in at least two other departments. Courses may be taken in the AM 202. AMERICAN IDENTITIES: POST-1870s 3 A study of the changing ways Americans have departments of Art and Art History, Econom- defined themselves, from the mid-nineteenth century ics, Education, English, Government, History, to the present. Relying heavily on primary sources, Music, Philosophy and Religion, Physical the course examines the impact of modernization, Education and Dance (sports studies courses), war, and depression, and considers the impact of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work, race, gender, class and ethnicity on American culture and Theater. Courses meeting this require- and society, emphasizing the ways in which writers, ment must be approved by the American critics, and reformers have responded to and shaped Studies Department. their society. (Fulfills LS II requirement and society-B component of breadth requirement; designated a culture and difference in the United States course.) 70 M. Lynn, J. Zangrando AM 221. AMERICAN STUDIES: METHODS B. The West. An examination of the mythic, B. The Machine in the Garden. An introduction AND APPROACHES 3 historical, and contemporary West, western heroes to the impact of industrialism on the American pasto- An introduction to American studies scholarship, and themes and what they reveal about American ral ideal. The course focuses on the cultural themes methodologies, and approaches to the study of values and culture. Using film, literature, social and of agrarian paradise, the geopolitics of land use, society and culture in the United States. Course intellectual histories and the arts, the course consid- sentimental glorifications of the past, the image of the materials include “classics” in American studies as ers discrepancies in the images and realities of American farmer, and the transformation of the well as the most recent scholarship: the “myth and western exploration and settlement. After considering American pastoral landscape. The central theme of symbol” school, the culture concept, psychoanalytic the colonial period, the course then explores nine- the course is the inability of nineteenth and twentieth methodologies, new literary and feminist critiques, teenth century conflicts over property, natural preser- century Americans to hold onto the vision of an material culture and oral history resources, mass and vation, mineral and water claims, and the rights of American Arcadia in the face of rampant industrializa- popular culture analyses, with attention to issues of native Americans and concludes with an examination tion and unrestricted technology. (Fulfills society-B race, gender, class, and ethnicity throughout. The of contemporary images and issues. (Fulfills society- component of breadth requirement.) G. Pfitzer intent of the course is to offer students a variety of B component of breadth requirement.) W. Hall C. African-American Experience, 1860s–1980s. opportunities to sharpen their analytical, research, C. The South. An exploration of the development A study of the African-American experience, 1860s- and writing skills from interdisciplinary and historio- of the distinctive culture of the southern region of the 1980s. Using both primary and secondary source graphic perspectives. Required of majors and minors. United States. The course examines myths and material, the course examines the critical issues and G. Pfitzer, J. Zangrando, the Department legends of the Old South including those surrounding period relevant to the African-American struggle the origins of the plantation system, southern woman- toward freedom and equality. Topics include slavery, AM 231. ETHNIC AND IMMIGRANT hood and the development of the slave and free emancipation, and Reconstruction; the woman’s era; EXPERIENCE 3 communities of the region in the antebellum period. the age of Jim Crow and the new Negro; the civil An introduction to the historical experiences of Topics include the myths and legends of the New rights movement; and the post-reform period. several American ethnic and immigrant groups, South, the legacy of the Civil War and Reconstruc- Sources include narratives, documents, photographs, including Native Americans, African Americans, tion, the imposition of segregation, modernization of and films. The Department and people from Latin America, Asia, and Europe. agriculture and industry, and the migration of African Emphasizing both the larger society’s view of a Americans northward. The course culminates in a D. Living with the Machine: Technology and particular ethnic group and that group’s perception study of the civil rights movement, and recent demo- Cultural Adaption. An exploration of the develop- of its own experiences, the course examines the graphic, economic, and political changes. (Fulfills ment of technology in the United States. Beginning processes of assimilation and acculturation, racism, society-B component of breadth requirement.) with the adaptation of Native American skills, and nativism, ethnic conflict, and cultural survival mecha- The Department extending to the growth of the Internet, the course nisms as found in historical monographs, films, considers technology for its usefulness but also novels, biographies and autobiographies, demo- D. New England. A study of the growth and considers the social and cultural changes that occur graphic materials and oral histories. (Fulfills the LS II development of regional culture in the northeastern in its wake. Topics will include the development of requirement; designated a culture and difference in United States from the eighteenth century to the mills, railroads, and computers; in addition broader the United States course.) W. Hall, J. Zangrando present. Beginning with a consideration of the heri- themes such as the possible regulation of technology tage of the Puritan settlers, the course proceeds to will be examined. (Fulfills society-B component of AM 232H. NEW ENGLAND BEGINS 3 an examination of the Revolutionary experience, the breadth requirement.) The Department A critical examination of the evolution of culture and industrial revolution, the New England Renaissance society in New England during the seventeenth of the nineteenth century, and the transforming E. The Environment in American Culture. An century. After considering the origins of the Puritan impact of immigration and migration on the region’s examination of the importance of nature and the community, the course will explore the ways in which population. It ends with a study of the literature, environment in American culture. The course will that society changed over the course of the first politics, and economy of New England in the analyze the role nature has played in American life seventy-five years of settlement, using the resources twentieth century. (Fulfills society-B component from the early human settlement in North America to and methods of a variety of disciplines. By a culmi- of breadth requirement.) M. Lynn the present. Topics will include the evolution of nating investigation of the events of the Salem environmental consciousness in the United States, witchcraft crisis of 1692, questions will be raised as to AM 260. THEMES IN AMERICAN CULTURE 3 the development of national parks, the Adirondack the impact of those changes and some of the ways in Interdisciplinary examinations of critical themes in the Park in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and which New Englanders responded to them. Finally, development of American culture and American life. the impact and future role of the contemporary by studying several historical and literary treatments (The course may be repeated for credit with focus on environmental movement. (Fulfills society-B compo- of the witch trials, we will gain a greater understand- a different theme.) nent of breadth requirement.) The Department ing of the interconnections between the past and the A. Civil Rights in the Twentieth Century United present. (This is an Honors course; it fulfills society-B States. An examination of the interactions of individu- AM 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN component of breadth requirement.) M. Lynn als, groups, institutions and agencies seeking to AMERICAN STUDIES 3 achieve, enforce, or dismiss those civil rights guaran- Internship opportunity for students whose academic AM 250. REGIONAL CULTURE 3 tees contained primarily in the 13th, 14th, and 15th and cocurricular work has prepared them for profes- Exploration of the development of distinctive regional amendments to the Constitution of the United States sional work related to the major. With faculty spon- cultures in the United States. Using a broadly based and in subsequent twentieth century legislation. sorship and department approval, students may interdisciplinary approach, these courses focus on Although a major focus of the course is on the design internships at museums and historical societ- the interaction between people and their environ- attempts of women and African-Americans to secure ies, newspapers, radio and television stations, ments, the way people develop attachments to their full civil rights protections, students are encouraged museums and historical societies, newspapers, radio own regions, and the tensions between regional and to investigate civil rights issues that range beyond and television stations, planning and architectural national cultures. (The course may be repeated for these two groups. The course uses a variety of firms, schools, government agencies, and other credit with a different topic.) materials including legislative histories, autobiogra- appropriate sites. No more than three semester hours A. The Hudson River. An introduction to the phies, executive orders, judicial decisions, biogra- may count toward the major. Prerequisite: two history, literature, and art of the Hudson River Valley. phies, histories of specific aspects of the civil rights courses in American studies. Must be taken S/U. The Hudson River is considered as an environmental struggle, journalistic accounts, documentary films, entity, an economic and political concern, and espe- works of fiction, and oral histories. (Fulfills society-B cially as a cultural symbol. The course considers four component of breadth requirement.) J. Zangrando centuries of American experience on the Hudson, but focuses on the nineteenth century, when the Hudson had its greatest influence on regional and national culture. (Fulfills society-B component of breadth requirement.) G. Pfitzer

71 AM 340. WOMEN AND WORK IN AMERICA 3 AM 362. AMERICAN AUTOBIOGRAPHY 3 B. City. An examination of the growth and impact Examination and analysis of the role and status of An examination of American culture through the of urban life on American culture. Using fiction, film, women in the economy, particularly the paid work lives of specific people as recorded in their autobiog- histories, sociological studies and material culture, force, from the colonial era to the present. Topics raphies. The course explores autobiography both as the course examines the relation between the per- considered are: the perceptions and the realities of an act of self-creation and as a reflection of culture. ceptions of urban life and the actualities of that women's participation in the work force, “women’s Various autobiographies are examined for their experience. By focusing on how varying reactions to work,” and working women’s conscious efforts to revelations about choices, crises, values and experi- the urban experience result from economic, ethnic, improve their economic status. A variety of sources ences of representative people in particular periods or gender differences, the course explores such provide insights into the myths and realities of work- of the American past. W. Hall topics as: the effect of industrialization, the waves of ing women’s experiences; the impact of technology rural migration and overseas immigration, the con- on women’s work; the demands of family on working AM 363. WOMEN IN AMERICAN CULTURE 3 centrations of wealth and poverty, the impact of women; the socialization of women’s work; legislation An examination of the changing position of women in architecture, and the parks and planning movements. and working women’s status; the influence of class, American culture and society from the seventeenth W. Hall race, and ethnicity on women workers and women’s century to the present. Topics will include the devel- C. America on the Couch. A consideration of work; the job segregation of women; and women oping familial, economic, sexual, educational, and selected topics in the fields of cultural studies and workers and the organized women’s movement. political roles of women, as well as consideration of psychohistory. Through interdisciplinary materials, J. Zangrando the suffragist and feminist movements. Issues of students will explore the rich literature of psycho- race, class, and ethnicity will be included, and re- historical interpretation, attempting to understand AM 360. AMERICAN CULTURAL PERIODS 3 sources from a variety of disciplines will be used, personal motivation, emotional character, and Examination of specific cultural periods, each of including material culture, history, literature, politics, abnormal behavior in both prominent American which has had a particular significance for the devel- sociology, and economics. M. Lynn figures and in the nation at large. Topics include opment of American culture. The course will explore conversion theory in the Salem witchcraft trials, the major social, political, economic, intellectual, and AM 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 infantilism and paternal authority in the age of Jack- aesthetic issues of the period, using the resources of A program of individual reading, research, and writing son, sentimental regression in the Civil War era, literature, history, music, art, government, sociology, which qualified majors design in consultation with and George Custer and the schizophrenic personality, and popular culture. (The course may be repeated for under the direction of the American studies faculty. neurasthenia in Victorian America, paranoia in the credit with a different period.) An independent study allows an in-depth examination Nixon years, and narcissism in the “me” decade of of a topic not treated extensively in regular depart- A. 1920s. An intensive examination of the “roaring the 1970s. G. Pfitzer mental course offerings. Students meet with faculty twenties,” with special attention to the impact of on a regularly scheduled basis to discuss and ana- D. Religion. An examination of the institutions class, race, and gender on the development of lyze readings and research in primary and secondary of religion and the roles religion has played in the American culture in the period. The course focuses sources. The Department development of American society, from the seven- on a series of controversies illuminating some of the teenth century to the present. Beginning with a study conflicting forces at work in American society, includ- AM 374. SENIOR SEMINAR 3 of the Puritan “city on a hill,” proceeding to the Great ing debates over immigration, Prohibition, evolution, Exploration of primary and secondary sources in the Awakening, the Revolutionary separation of church sexuality, and the role of women in society. It will interdisciplinary examination of a particular topic in and state and designation of religious toleration, the examine some of the major intellectual, social, and American culture. Students will pursue a major course will continue to explore the development of an cultural issues of the era. M. Lynn research project or prepare an honors thesis pro- increasingly diverse society of belief and unbelief. B. 1950s. An interdisciplinary analysis of the posal. Required of all senior majors. Open to majors Using a variety of interdisciplinary sources, the decade of the 1950s in America. Using a wide variety only; normally taken in fall semester of senior year. course focuses on nineteenth century nativist attacks of primary and secondary sources, including fiction, W. Hall, M. Lynn, the Department on Catholicism, the role of religion in the slave film, music, biography, autobiography, poetry, sociol- community, revivalism, fundamentalism, the social ogy, drama, and social criticism, the course explores AM 375. HONORS THESIS 3 gospel, and contemporary controversies over evolu- the distinctive culture of this decade. It focuses on the Independent study and research leading to a thesis tion, prayer in the public schools, and the impact of ways different groups of Americans experienced the examining a topic relevant to American civilization race, gender, and class. M. Lynn period, studying conformity and consumerism, the from an interdisciplinary perspective. Required of E. Disorderly Women. An examination of women beatniks, rock and roll, and the silent generation, as candidates for department honors. Participation by characterized by the larger society as unruly, disrup- well as the roots of the protest movements and the invitation of the department to students with strong tive, radical, militant, unfeminine—just generally counterculture of the 1960s. M. Lynn records in the major or by petition of a student with disorderly—and what this characterization reveals special research interests. Prerequisite: AM 374. C. 1960s. A consideration of the major events of about American society. The course will consider Open to majors only. The Department the 1960s, including the New Frontier, the Cuban types of women as well as the experience of indi- missile crisis, the assassination of John F. Kennedy, vidual, so-called disorderly, women in the nineteenth- AM 376. TOPICS IN AMERICAN CULTURE 3 the war in Vietnam, the civil rights movement, the and twentieth-century United States. Questions will Interdisciplinary seminars exploring a substantial sexual and gender revolutions, the rise of rock and include: What defines women as disorderly in specific aspect of the development of American culture. roll, the counterculture, the moon landing and other times and places; how do women deviate from the These courses involve in-depth analysis using the landmarks of the decade. The course considers not roles and behavior expected of all women; what has resources and techniques of several different disci- only what happened during those climactic years, but motivated disorderly women, from their perspectives, plines and requires a major research paper. (The why such events were so important to American to act as they have, and what has been the psychic course may be repeated for credit with a different development, and how perceptions about the 1960s cost? The central focus is on "disorderly women" topic.) have changed over time. G. Pfitzer as actors within and upon their society and on the A. War. An examination of the experience of war responses of that larger society to their actions. AM 361. AMERICAN MATERIAL CULTURE 3 and its impact on American culture over the course of J. Zangrando Introduction to the material aspects of American the last two centuries. The course concentrates on F. America and the Sea. An exploration of the culture and the variety of ways in which artifacts— the American Revolution, the Civil War, Indian Wars, role ocean has played in American life. Beginning three-dimensional objects, the built environment, World War II, and the Vietnam War, using various with the view of the sea as an ecosystem, the course design and architectural styles, technological pro- resources including fiction, history, film, oral history, uses literary and historical sources to trace the sea’s cesses and production, decorative and folk arts— and autobiography to explore the changing nature of importance in the development of American culture. serve as social and cultural documents. The course war and its effects on American society and culture. After studying the cultural, social, and economic centers on the cultural attitudes and values embodied War and politics, the morality of war, military strategy importance of the sea in American life, the course in as well as shaped by the production, utilization, and tactics, war and gender roles, class, race and returns to the biology of the sea through student and conservation of material objects. Readings, ethnicity, the home front experience, and war’s research projects on current environmental problems, discussions, museum and other field trips, and impact on the larger culture are some of the issues as well as national and international laws and regula- object-oriented research projects assist students in considered. M. Lynn tions, which protect the ocean as a commons for the enhancing their visual literacy and in making connec- world. The Department tions between material culture and the larger culture. J. Zangrando 72 G. The American Suburb: Identity, Meaning, THE ANTHROPOLOGY MINOR: Students and Place, 1850-2000. An exploration of one of the Anthropology who minor in anthropology must successfully most ordinary portions of the American landscape: complete at least six courses in anthropology, the suburb. The course will consider the historical including AN101, and either 103 or 105, and evolution of this form as a cultural and social con- Chair of the Department of Sociology, either 366 or another 300-level anthropology struct and consider its implications for the future. Anthropology, and Social Work: William Fox, course. Any student wishing to minor in Beginning with the growth of parks and other planned Ph.D. anthropology should apply to the department areas, the suburb will be defined through the elite chair for acceptance and for assignment to a culture of the nineteenth century; federal support and Anthropology Faculty: faculty advisor who will assist the student in contemporary culture then combine to make this form Professors: Gerald M. Erchak, Ph.D.; Jill D. constructing a program of study. Students are of housing the most ubiquitous in the United States Sweet, Ph.D after World War II. Topics will include politics, gender, encouraged to declare the anthropology minor plurality, planning, economics, environmental implica- Associate Professor: Susan Bender, Ph.D. by the end of the junior year. tions and regulation, consumer culture, and material Assistant Professor: Michael C. Ennis- culture studies. The Department McMillan, Ph.D. AN 101. INTRODUCTION TO CULTURAL H. Vernacular Landscape: Exploring the Visiting Assistant Professor: Renée B. ANTHROPOLOGY 3 American Sense of Place. A study of the cultural Walker, Ph.D. An introduction to the basic concepts and problems meaning of the everyday landscape in the United of cultural and social anthropology. (Fulfills non- States. Cultural geography and landscape history The primary purpose of the anthropology Western culture requirement; fulfills society-A compo- provide the method for interpreting and understand- program is to facilitate the crosscultural study nent of breadth requirement.) The Department ing basic forms of North American landscape, which of human groups and social behavior. The students will then utilize in their own projects. This program's curriculum includes archaeological AN 103. INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN course will give primary consideration to the vernacu- EVOLUTION 3 explorations of past cultures, human bio- An introduction to the nature and processes of lar landscape but will also consider national patterns cultural development, and studies of diverse on the land. These forms will reveal cultural details, human evolution, including an overview of the field of including: gender ideals, ethnic diversity, social lifeways of the world's populations. The biological anthropology. Major topics include an hierarchies, economic motives, cultural mythology, anthropology courses, designed to serve overview of evolutionary theory and biocultural and political ideas. The Department students with a general interest in the interpretation of the hominid fossil record. (Qualifies discipline as well as those who plan to pursue as a nature-A course for breadth requirement.) I. The Homefront During World War II. A study graduate training, provide a background for S. Bender of the impact of World War II on the American professional training in international relations, homefront during the early 1940s. Using diverse multinational corporations, environmental AN 105. INTRODUCTION TO ARCHAEOLOGY 3 materials — letters, government documents, social impact studies, social service, education, Introduction to the method and results of archaeo- histories, material culture, popular film, music, litera- museums, and historic preservation. logical inquiry. Major topics include the recovery and ture — this course examines the interconnection interpretation of archaeological data and an overview between images and messages of war and American THE ANTHROPOLOGY MAJOR: The of the archaeological basis for the reconstruction of values and behavior. This assessment of the impact anthropology major must successfully human cultural evolution. Particular emphasis is of WWII on American society includes such topics as placed on the chronological framework and major complete ten courses in anthropology. At the transformations of human cultural capabilities. mobilization; labor and manufacturing; the experi- introductory level, students must take AN101 ences of women, children, minorities; the manipula- (Fulfills society-A component of breadth require- tion of information by government and the press; and and either AN103 or 105. Students must also ment.) S. Bender the models for heroic behavior presented by film, take the two theoretical courses, AN270 and theater, music, and advertising. W. Hall 366, and complete a methods requirement, AN 175. INTRODUCTION TO ARCHAEO- choosing either AN326 or 327 or SO 226. LOGICAL FIELD INVESTIGATIONS 5 AM 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN (Students who choose SO226 must still An introduction to the process of locating, identifying, AMERICAN STUDIES 3 or 6 complete a total of ten anthropology courses.) and excavating archaeological sites. The focus of Professional experience at an advanced level for Of the remaining five courses, selected in class activity is actual participation in an archaeologi- juniors or seniors with substantial academic and consultation with the students’ advisors, at cal excavation and related activities. Offered summer cocurricular experience in the major. With faculty least one must be a geographic area course only. S. Bender sponsorship and departmental approval, students (AN205, 206, 227, 242, 260). Courses listed may extend their educational experience into such under sociology-anthropology may be taken AN 205. MESOAMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY 3 areas as historic preservation, museum administra- for either sociology or anthropology credit, but A survey of the culture history of Mesoamerica, including primarily the states of Mexico and Guate- tion and education, journalism and communications, not both. urban planning, teaching, public administration, and mala. Inquiry focuses on the origin of New World other related fields. No more than three semester agriculture as well as the development of highland hours may count toward the major. Open to junior THE SOCIOLOGY-ANTHROPOLOGY Mexican and Aztec and lowland Mayan civilizations. and senior majors and minors. Must be taken S/U. MAJOR: Students who major in sociology- The course considers the interpretation of the ar- anthropology must successfully complete a chaeological remains at major Mesoamerican site minimum of seven courses in sociology and complexes. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement; seven courses in anthropology, including fulfills society-A component of breadth requirement.) SO101; either AN101, 103, or 105; either S. Bender AN326, 327, SO 226 or 227; either SO324, 325 or AN270; and either SO375 or AN366. AN 206. ARCHAEOLOGY OF EASTERN Courses listed under sociology-anthropology NORTH AMERICA 3 may be taken for either sociology or anthro- Archaeological sites located throughout the eastern pology credit, but not both. United States are analyzed to reveal the history of human-land and human-human interactions over a 15,000-year period. Special attention is given to HONORS: Students desiring departmental changes in aboriginal culture effected by the estab- honors in anthropology or sociology- lishment of gatherer-hunter lifeways in the East and anthropology must meet the requisite grade the later transition to village horticulture. (Fulfills non- point average and must complete a senior Western culture requirement) Prerequisite: AN105. thesis under the supervision of a member of S. Bender the anthropology faculty.

73 AN 227. ETHNOLOGY OF SUB-SAHARAN AN 325. APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY 3 AN 348. POLITICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 3 AFRICA 3 Applying the anthropological perspectives to the The cultural, symbolic, and ritual aspects of political A survey of the peoples and cultures of Africa south of analysis of national and international sociocultural behavior, organization, expression, and change. A the Sahara in tradition and change. Special attention issues. Topics include cultural brokerage, advocacy, consideration of the political systems of bands, tribes, is given to key social organizing principles and institu- community development, evaluation, ethics, and the and chiefdoms will be used to compare and highlight tions such as secret societies, lineage systems, age difficulties facing indigenous peoples and ethnic aspects of political life in state-governed societies set organizations, and despotic political structures. minorities within nation-states today. Prerequisite: and provide a comprehensive perspective on the Prerequisite: AN101. (Fulfills non-Western culture AN101. J. Sweet political behaviors of human beings. Topics will requirement.) G. Erchak include: culture and politics, meaning of political AN 326. FIELD METHODS IN CULTURAL action, structures of agreement and antagonism AN 242. NORTH AMERICAN INDIANS 3 ANTHROPOLOGY 3 between political entities, and ritual construction of A survey of native North American peoples. One An introduction to field methods employed by cultural political realities. Prerequisite: AN101. group from each of the ten subculture areas is consid- anthropologists in their data collection. Active field M. Ennis-McMillan ered ethnographically. Topics may include Kwakiutl of work, utilizing the method of participant observation, the Northwest Coast, the Cheyenne of the Plains and is emphasized. Prerequisite: AN101. J. Sweet AN 351. TOPICS IN ANTHROPOLOGY 3 the Iroquois of the Eastern Woodlands. The course Examination of a theoretical specialization not avail- introduces contemporary social problems related to AN 327. ARCHAEOLOGICAL FIELD AND able in existing course offerings. For example, the the reservation system and urban migration. (Fulfills LABORATORY TECHNIQUES 4 course may focus on economic anthropology, ethno- non-Western culture requirement; fulfills society-A An introduction to the processes of archaeological science, or cultural materialism. The course, in a component of breadth requirement.) J. Sweet excavation and primary data analysis. Course different subject area, may be repeated for credit. requirements include active participation in a local Prerequisite: Permission of instructor. The Department AN 243. LATIN AMERICAN INDIANS 3 excavation and the description and interpretation of A survey of indigenous peoples and cultures in excavated materials. Prerequisite: AN105 or AN 352. TOPICS IN ARCHAEOLOGY 3 Mexico, Central America, and South America. The permission of instructor. S. Bender Exploration of selected topics in archaeology. course examines the persistence and change of Specific topics vary each time the course is taught. indigenous cultures as they have intersected with AN 339. PSYCHOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 3 The course may be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: broader social forces since European conquest and The course explores the relationships among the AN103 or 105 or permission of instructor. S. Bender colonization. Topics include contemporary indigenous concepts of culture, the self, personality, and behav- movements as they influence regional politics, eco- ior, examining crosscultural evidence and major SA 355. LANGUAGE IN SOCIETY 3 nomic development, environmental change, national- theoretical models. Descriptive case studies are Examination of the varied aspects of the social ism, and the construction of racial ethnic, and gender supplemented by recent theoretical and empirical organization of language using techniques from identities. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement; work. Both non-Western and Western (including sociological, anthropological, psychological, and fulfills society-A component of breadth requirement.) U.S.) cultures are discussed. Prerequisite: Two linguistic theory. Special attention is given to regional, M. Ennis-McMillan courses from among cultural anthropology, sociology, social, and individual variation; nonstandard dialects or psychology, or permission of instructor. G. Erchak and their social impact; the relationship of language, AN 251. THEMES IN ANTHROPOLOGY 3 thought, and culture; the role of language in socializa- Examination of a geographic or subject area not AN 345. ECOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 3 tion and in the maintenance of social structures; and available in existing course offerings. For example, Exploration of the principles by which the environ- the type and extent of cultural variation in language the course may focus on aboriginal Australia, contem- ment shapes human culture and human culture use. Prerequisite: SO101 or AN101 or permission of porary Ireland, or studies in primate behavior. The shapes the environment. Topics include the process instructor. (May be taken for either sociology or course, in a difference subject area, may be repeated of human adaptation, the analysis of human eco- anthropology credit.) J. Devine for credit. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor. systems, and the explanation of cultural diversity and The Department change from an ecological perspective. Prerequisite: AN 366. SEMINAR IN ANTHROPOLOGY 3 AN101 or 103 or 105 or permission of instructor. Advanced readings and research in theoretical and AN 260. SOUTHWEST INDIANS 3 M. Ennis-McMillan applied anthropology, with a special focus on current An examination of the culture, history, and current developments in the discipline. The course is de- socioeconomic situation of Native Americans in the AN 346. SYMBOLIC THEORY AND signed primarily for senior anthropology majors. Southwest region of the United States. Groups such PERFORMANCE 3 Prerequisite: AN270 or permission of instructor. as the Navajo, Pueblo, and Apache will be studied An examination of symbolic theory as a vehicle for The Department within the context of Spanish and Anglo influence to analyzing expressive forms found in ritual, festival, better understand issues of cultural diversity, contact, myth, and theater. The human need to seek, con- AN 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY OR FIELD and change. Prerequisite: AN101, 242, or permission struct, and communicate meaning particularly regard- RESEARCH 3, 3 of instructor. Not open to students who have taken ing space, time, the supernatural, the self, and the Individual reading and/or field research in anthro- AN240. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) cultural other will be explored. Attention will be given pology under the guidance of a member of the J. Sweet to dance, drama, and music as complex symbolic department to qualified students. The Department systems employed by groups in their search for AN 270. HISTORY OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL meaning. Not open to students who have taken AN 373. SENIOR THESIS IN THOUGHT 3 AN350 or AN360. Prerequisite: AN101. J. Sweet ANTHROPOLOGY 3 Examination of the ideas, theoretical contributions, Required for anthropology and sociology-anthropol- and fieldwork of important anthropologists such as AN 347. WOMEN AND GENDER IN ogy majors graduating with departmental honors. Boas, Mead, Malinowski, and Radcliffe-Brown. The EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE 3 (Sociology-anthropology majors may substitute course explores such issues as the influence of A critical examination of the evolutionary reconstruc- SO375.) Recommended for other majors who want to Western thought and the impact of colonialism on the tion of human behavior from feminist perspectives. explore an anthropological topic in depth. Individual anthropological enterprise, and the scientific and Using information from primate studies and anthro- conferences are arranged. Prerequisite: AN371 or humanistic dimensions of the discipline. Prerequisite: pological ethnography, students investigate how permission of the instructor. The Department AN101 or permission of instructor. J. Sweet assumptions about gender have shaped traditional observations and interpretations of archaeological AN 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN AN 303. ANALYSIS OF THE HUMAN remains. Feminist reconstructions of human pre- ANTHROPOLOGY 3, 6, or 9 SKELETON 3 history are given close attention in an attempt to Professional experience at an advanced level for Analysis of the human skeletal system as a record of uncover a human past that incorporates women as juniors and seniors with substantial academic and individual life history. Major topics include identifica- active historical agents. Prerequisites: AN101 and cocurricular experience in anthropology. With faculty tion of skeletal anatomy and manifestations of age, AN103 or 105. S. Bender sponsorship and department approval, students may sex, health, and nutrition. Modes of analysis of the extend their educational experience into such areas information and meaning embedded in prehistoric as museum studies and work with appropriate state, burial contexts are also considered. Prerequisite: federal, or human service agencies. Prerequisite: at AN103 or 105 or consent of instructor. S. Bender least three courses in anthropology. Non-liberal arts. The Department 74 elective credit toward the Skidmore degree. An AR 103. DESIGN (two-dimensional) 3 Art (Studio) exception to this policy must have approval An explorative sequence of problems involving line, from the Department of Art and Art History shape, color, and value. The aim of the course is to chair in consultation with appropriate faculty. develop an understanding of visual phenomena on Chair of the Department of Art and Art History: a two-dimensional surface.(Fulfills arts-A compo- Peter Stake, M.F.A. THE STUDIO ART MAJOR: A minimum of nent of breadth requirement.) Lab fee: $15 Studio Art Faculty Studio Art Faculty: fifteen studio art courses within the major field and four art history courses. Requirements for Professors: Regis Brodie, M.F.A.; John AR 105, 106. DRAWING I, II 3, 3 the bachelor of science degree in studio art: Cunningham Jr., M.F.A., Robert Davidson Beginning studies in freehand drawing with stress Professor of Art; David J. Miller, M.S., Ella Van 1. Foundation Program: Five foundation given to observation, organization, and the develop- Dyke Tuthill ’32 Professor of Studio Art courses are required of all studio art ment of manual control. AR 105 is prerequisite for majors: AR103, 105, 106, 107, 201. 106. (Fulfills arts-A component of breadth require- Associate Professors: Richard Linke, M.F.A.; ment.) Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $15 The Department Doretta Miller, Ed.D., M.F.A.; Peter Stake, 2. Studio Art Exploration: Of the remaining M.F.A.; Janet Sorensen, M.F.A.; Joanne Felt, ten studio art courses required for the AR 107. DESIGN (three-dimensional) 3 M.F.A.; David Peterson, M.F.A. studio art major, one must be chosen from Form organization in three dimensions employing the two-dimensional disciplines (graphic various easily worked materials, such as paper, Assistant Professors: Kate Leavitt, M.F.A.; design, painting, photography, printmaking, wood, clay, and metal. (Fulfills arts-A component of Paul Sattler, M.F.A. or fiber arts) and one from the three- breadth requirement.) Lab fee: $40Studio Art Faculty Visiting Assistant Professor: Margo Mensing, dimensional disciplines (ceramics, jewelry/ M.F.A. metalsmithing, sculpture, or fiber arts). AR 108. LIFE MODELING: SCULPTURAL STUDY OF THE HUMAN FORM 3 Senior Artist-in-Residence: John L. Moore, M.A. 3. Four art history courses that must include A study of the human figure through the medium of AH101, 102, and two electives. Visiting Assistant Professors, part time: life modeling in clay. Slide lectures dealing with *Deborah Morris, M.F.A.; *Patricia B. Lyell, 4. It is recommended that the five foundation contemporary as well as traditional attitudes toward the figure will complement studio activity and offer a M.F.A.; *John Galt, M.F.A.; *D. Leslie Ferst, courses, the two exploration courses, and perspective on humankind’s fascination with its own M.F.A. AHq101, 102 be completed by the end of the second year. form. Initial course meetings will deal with elementary Lecturer: *John Danison, B.A. concepts in wax and clay as they relate to the figure. 5. Successful participation in the Senior Students will be instructed in armature-building as Shop Supervisor and Building Safety Show. well as mould-making techniques; finished works will Coordinator: Paul Davis be cast in plaster or bronze. (Fulfills arts-A compo- The Department of Art and Art History nent of breadth requirement.) Non-liberal arts. Lab Skidmore is a Charter Member, National reserves the privilege of keeping a part of the fee: $75 J. Cunningham Association of Schools of Art and Design, work of any student. 1970. Accredited, 1982, 1992. AR 111. BASIC CERAMICS 3 STUDIO ART MINOR: Any student choosing Basic issues of aesthetics and technique developed The Department of Art and Art History offers studio art as a minor must consult the chair through the direct manipulation of clay. A variety of two degrees: the bachelor of science degree in of the Department of Art and Art History for forming techniques will be explored and demon- studio art and the bachelor of arts degree in art program approval. It is recommended that strated, including pinching, coiling, slab constructing, history. students begin work for the minor not later and throwing. In addition to group and individual than the beginning of the second year. critiques, weekly lectures will provide a working knowledge of kiln firing (both gas and electric) and The studio art program offers a rich and Students electing to minor in studio art are clay and glaze formulation. (Fulfills arts-A component diverse range of investigations across the required to take any six studio art courses of breadth requirement.) Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: disciplines of art making and art history. and any two courses in art history. $70 R. Brodie Integrating extensive liberal arts offerings with a broad studio experience, majors may choose STUDIO FEES: All studio courses including AR 113. METAL SCULPTURE 3 to balance exploration with focus in a particular Advanced Studio Problems and Independent Introduction and expansion of three-dimensional area as preparation for graduate school or Study carry laboratory fees (see course concepts utilizing metal and direct metal working future work in an art-related field. Critical descriptions). In addition, students must techniques. The student will be exposed to a variety thinking, imaginative problem solving, and self- purchase consumable materials and personal of metal-working techniques while creating sculp- reflective evaluation are key components in supplies. ture. The techniques will include oxy-acet., Tig and the development of the theoretical and Mig welding. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $75 technical aspects of art making. Through art COURSE AVAILABILITY: The department is J. Cunningham courses students gain competency in visual committed to having students experience a language, an increasingly important skill in variety of media. However, space is limited, AR 115. INTRODUCTION TO FIBER ARTS 3 An introduction to the fiber arts. Projects will allow contemporary culture. Visual and verbal and, therefore, students cannot be guaranteed students to explore off-loom woven structure, loom analytical and organizational skills learned in enrollment in specific courses during any given weaving, resist-dyeing and screen-printing. Stu- the studio apply to thoughtful practice in many semester. As soon as students are confident dents will work with flat pattern and composition as arenas of our complex world. about their choice of program, they should well as three-dimensional fiber construction. Histori- declare their major. cal works will be studied as well as the contempo- All studio art courses meet for six hours per rary evolution of this art form. (Fulfills arts-A week. A cumulative grade of C or better is AR 101. INTRODUCTION TO PAINTING 3 component of breadth requirement.) Non-liberal required for all work in the major. An introduction to painting as a medium of visual arts. Lab fee: $50 M. Mensing expression. Emphasis is placed upon exploration of There are two areas of studio art for which formal and technical concerns. Basic studies include AR 201, 202. PAINTING I, II 3, 3 Advanced Placement (AP) credit can be drawing and will explore a variety of subject matter Basic studies employing various media. Emphasis is awarded: Studio Art: General and Studio Art: and media directed toward the organization of the given to the formal and technical process as it relates two-dimensional plane. Summer only. Not open to Drawing. A score of 4 or 5 in any one area to the organization of color, shape, line, texture, and Skidmore art majors. Non-liberal arts. (Fulfills arts-A earns the student six college credits. It is the space on the two-dimensional plane. Prerequisites: component of breadth requirement.) Lab fee: $15 AR103, 105, 106. AR201 is prerequisite for 202. Non- department’s policy that up to three of the six Studio Art Faculty liberal arts. Lab fee: $15 Studio Art Faculty AP credits can be used toward an elective in the student’s major or minor. The remaining three credits may be treated as general 75 AR 209. COMMUNICATION DESIGN I 3 AR 227. COMMUNICATION DESIGN II 3 AR 311, 312. PAINTING III, IV 3, 3 An introduction to visual design and communication Further development of the concepts and skills A continuation of painting concepts designed to further theory. Emphasis is on developing a strong founda- introduced in Communication Design I. Emphasis is acquaint students with technical processes. Emphasis tion in visual perception, design principles, and placed on integrating the symbolic and communica- will be on individual creativity as it pertains to problems typography. Students will undertake studio problems tive aspects of typography with visual elements. that focus on compositional elements. Direct observa- aimed at developing visual awareness, analytical Through the application of design principles and tion exercises including use of the figure will be ex- thinking, craftsmanship, and use of hands-on media typography, studio projects will stress strong visual plored. Other assignments will refer to historical and and digital techniques. Prerequisites: AR103, 105, concepts while exploring hands-on media and digital contemporary trends, and painting methods. Prerequi- 106. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $100 techniques. Prerequisite: AR209. Non-liberal arts. sites: AR103, 105, 106, 201, and 202 or 234. AR311 Studio Art Faculty Lab fee: $100 Studio Art Faculty is prerequisite for 312. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $15 Studio Art Faculty AR 214. KINETIC SCULPTURE 3 AR 229. BEGINNING PHOTOGRAPHY 3 Exploration of artworks which use motion and time as An exploration of the varied aesthetic and mechanical AR 315. ADVANCED FIBER ARTS 3 elements of creative expression. Complementing aspects of the photographic process. Emphasis is A continued exploration and development of personal hands on studio experience will be an exposure to placed on using the camera as a tool to increase interpretations of traditional and nontraditional methods selected elements of basic physics as well as an one’s visual sensitivity and personal awareness. of textile design and fiber construction. Students may exposure to the historical development of kinetic Each student must own a camera. Prerequisite: elect to concentrate in the area of weaving or textile sculpture as experienced through slides, lectures, AR103. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $75 (does not design, or may develop skills in both areas concurrently. and, in some classes, assigned readings. Individual include film and paper) R. Linke Advanced weaving will include multi-harness weave initiative and invention will be encouraged. Non- structure on jack-type, computer, and dobby looms. liberal arts. Lab fee: $60 J. Cunningham AR 234. WATERCOLOR 3 Advanced textile design will include printed resists, Exploration of the materials and methods used in photo screen-printing, lacquer stencils, gouache render- AR 215. TEXTILE STRUCTURES 3 watercolor painting. Included will be dry and wet ing, and computer-aided design. It is strongly recom- Exploration of the sculptural properties of planes paper techniques, resist processes, and experimental mended that students intending to work in both areas based on building single and multiple-element painting. Conventional methods of illustrating the complete both AR215 and 216 prior to electing this surfaces. Studies in fused and single-element struc- figure and landscape will also be stressed. Pre- course. Personal initiative and creative self-expression ture (felting, netting, knotting, plaiting, hand and requisites: AR103, 105, 106, 201. Non-liberal arts. are emphasized in this course. Prerequisite: AR215 or machine knitting) will be followed by the focus of Lab fee: $15 Studio Art Faculty 216. May be taken for credit three times with permission the course—loom weaving (including the use of the of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $50 M. Mensing computer-assisted loom). Students will construct AR 251. ELEMENTARY SCULPTURE 3 three-dimensional structures based on individual Three-dimensional investigations utilizing casting, AR 318. ADVANCED CERAMICS 3 expression. Readings in textile history and con- carving, and metal processes. The student will be A further intensification of the use of clay as a temporary art issues, writing, and discussion will exposed to a variety of materials such as clay, wood, medium and a continuation of the development of the complement technical grounding in traditional textile metal, stone, and wax. Prerequisite: AR107 or per- forming processes of hand-building and throwing. Also processes. Prerequisite: AR115 or permission of the mission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $60 included will be the formulation of clay bodies and the instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee $50 M. Mensing J. Cunningham investigation of kiln firing techniques. Prerequisite: AR217. May be taken for credit three times with per- AR 216. TEXTILE SURFACE DESIGN 3 AR 253. CARVING PROCESSES IN WOOD 3 mission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $95 Theoretical and practical textile surface design An exploration of carving processes and concepts (includes clay, glazes, firings). R. Brodie employing screen-printing, direct painting, and resist- related to wood in sculpture. Studio activity will dyeing techniques. Projects may take the form of flat concentrate on wood carving. Slides and studio AR 319. METALSMITHING 3 pattern design, wall hangings or costume. Students presentations will provide the basis for study of the An advanced studio course in the jewelry and will be introduced to the use of computers in design- technical and historical development of stone carving. metalsmithing sequence. Students explore the plastic ing selected projects. Prerequisite: AR115 or permis- Students will gain practical experience with drawing potential of precious and nonprecious metals through sion of instructor. Non-liberal arts Lab fee: $50 as it relates to carving processes, conceptual think- the process of raising, forging, hollow-forming, and M. Mensing ing, and the realization of three-dimensional form. repousse. Inventiveness, personal initiative, and Prerequisites: AR107 or 113, 214 or permission of creative self-expression are particularly emphasized AR 217. INTERMEDIATE CERAMICS 3 instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $60 in this course. Prerequisite: AR219. May be taken for The continued development of aesthetic concepts J. Cunningham credit three times with permission of instructor. Non- and techniques. Individual exploration and expres- liberal arts. Lab fee: $50 D. Peterson sion will be encouraged. Through a structured ap- AR 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN proach with demonstrations, lectures, weekly STUDIO ART 3 or 6 AR 320. JEWELRY AND METALS II 3 assignments, and group and individual critiques, the Internship opportunity for students who have com- A continuation of concepts and methods explored in student will be exposed to hand-building and throw- pleted their first year and whose academic and AR 219 with an emphasis on casting. Weekly group ing, as well as raku, salt-glazing, and stoneware cocurricular work has prepared them for professional critiques will focus upon individual aesthetic growth, reduction techniques. Prerequisite: AR111 or permis- work related to the major. With faculty sponsorship technical exploration, and both historical and con- sion of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $95 and department approval, students may design temporary issues to the art-metals discipline. Prerequi- R. Brodie internships in studio assistance to professional site: AR219. May be taken for credit three times with artists, in artist cooperatives, graphic design studios, permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $50 AR 219. JEWELRY AND METALS I 3 advertising design studios, galleries, museums, and D. Peterson Sequence of problems employing various techniques printing houses, or in other art-related projects. No in metal. Emphasis upon structural design and more than three semester hours in any internship AR 325, 326. DRAWING V, VI 3, 3 creative use of materials. Prerequisite: AR103 or 107 may count toward the studio art major or minor. A further investigation of drawing as a visual commun- or permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: Prerequisites: three courses in studio art. Non-liberal icative act. The development of images through indi- $50 D. Peterson arts. No laboratory fee. vidual exploration of form, structure, and space with emphasis being placed upon the growth of personal AR 223, 224. DRAWING III, IV 3, 3 AR 305. ADVANCED COLOR 3 vision and skill. Prerequisite: AR105, 106, 223, 224 or An extensive investigation of drawing as a visual A studio approach to the study of color both as a permission of instructor. AR325 is prerequisite for 326. communicative act with emphasis on the develop- perceptual phenomenon and an artistic medium. The AR326 may be taken for credit three times with permis- ment of individual vision and skill. Drawing from the course is designed to act as a source of visual ideas sion of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $15 J. Moore life model will be a major concern in AR224. Prereq- and to complement work in other areas of studio art. uisites: AR103, 105, 106. AR223 is prerequisite for Major concerns of the course will include: color as a AR 330. ADVANCED PHOTOGRAPHY 3 224 or permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab relative medium, color action other than graphic A continuation of problems of expression and fee: $15 Studio Art Faculty action, optical mixture and physical mixture, design techniques encountered in beginning photography. and color, color and composition. Prerequisite: Students continue to develop skills in black and white AR202 or permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. printing and are introduced to black and white and Lab fee: $15 Studio Art Faculty color transparencies. Prerequisite: AR229. Non-liberal 76 arts. Lab fee: $75 (does not include film and paper). R. Linke AR 331, 332. PAINTING V, VI 3, 3 AR 358. ART FOR CHILDREN 3 Formal and expressive processes in painting. Em- Introduction to the basic materials, methods and Art History phasis is placed upon more individual exploration of techniques used in the classroom as related to the assigned formal problems in the studio. Prerequi- elementary school curriculum and children’s needs, sites: AR103, 105, 106, 201, 202 or 234, 311, 312. interests and development. The role of art in a Chair of the Department of Art and Art History: AR331 is prerequisite for 332. AR332 may be taken humanities program will also be considered. Non- Peter Stake, M.F.A. for credit three times with permission of the instructor. liberal arts. Lab fee: $50 Doretta Miller Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $15 Studio Art Faculty Director of Art History: Lisa Aronson, Ph.D. AR 365, 366. ADVANCED STUDIO AR. 337. GRAPHIC DESIGN III 3 PROBLEMS 3, 3 Professor: Penny Jolly, Ph.D. A continuation and development of the formal and Individual problems in a given discipline within the Associate Professor: Lisa Aronson, Ph.D. technical aspects of designing with type and illustra- department: i.e., painting, sculpture, ceramics, tion. Students will use computers in the execution of jewelry, weaving, textiles, graphics, photography, etc. Assistant Professors: Robert Linrothe, Ph.D.; selected projects. Each student must have a 35mm To qualify, the student must have completed the most Katherine Hauser, Ph.D.; Michael Clapper, camera. Prerequisites: AR103, 105, 209, 227 or advanced 300-level course in an area, e.g., Drawing Ph.D.; Amelia Rauser, Ph.D. permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: VI (AR326). Offered in the studio, at a time arranged Lecturers: *Robert Carter, M.A.; *Leslie $100 Studio Art Faculty by instructor, the student must petition for the course in spring for fall semester, and in fall for spring Mechem B.A. AR 341. PRINTMAKING: RELIEF 3 semester. Special permission forms available in An investigation and development of the woodcut chair’s office must be completed by the student, Art history is distinctive in its direct engagement and collagraph processes including color-printing signed by advisor, instructor, and chair, and returned with art objects through visual analysis and techniques—with emphasis placed on personal to the Registrar's Office by the dates indicated. Open historical study. We use art objects to under- growth and vision. Prerequisites: AR105, 106. Rec- to qualified junior and senior art majors and other stand history and culture, and history and ommended: AR223, 224. May be taken for credit qualified juniors and seniors. Permission of instructor culture to understand art objects. Students three times with permission of instructor. Non-liberal and department chair is required. Non-liberal arts. earning a Bachelor of Arts in art history explore arts. Lab fee: $60 K. Leavitt Lab fee: courses carry the fee as noted in the indi- the varied roles of artists, their art, and their vidual course description. May be repeated either in a patrons across diverse cultural and historical AR 342. PRINTMAKING: INTAGLIO 3 given discipline or more than once. Studio Art Faculty contexts. In addition, they experience the An investigation and development of the etching creative process of making art. Students gain a processes including color printing techniques—with AR 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3,3 breadth of knowledge spanning both Western emphasis placed on personal growth and vision. Individual work in a given discipline, in most cases and non-Western subfields of the discipline. Art Prerequisites: AR105, 106. Recommended: AR223, following its AR366 level of sequence. Open to senior 224, 341. May be taken for credit three times with art majors and other qualified seniors. Permission of history majors develop skills in analyzing permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. instructor and department chair is required. Non- images and texts that are applicable to a wide Lab fee: $60 J. Sorensen liberal arts. Lab fee: courses carry the fee as noted in range of personal, civic, and professional the individual course description. Studio Art Faculty endeavors; they may also go on to graduate AR 347. GRAPHIC DESIGN IV 3 work in art history and professional work in art- A further investigation of visual communication. AR 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN related fields. 3-D computer animation and video production will be STUDIO ART 3, 6, or 9 introduced. Each student must have a 35mm camera. Professional experience at an advanced level for THE ART HISTORY MAJOR: Each student Prerequisites: AR103, 105, 209, 227, 337 or permis- juniors and seniors with substantial academic and major is required to take a minimum of twelve sion of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $100 cocurricular experience in the major. With faculty courses according to the following guidelines. Studio Art Faculty sponsorship and department approval, students may design internships in studio assistance to profes- 1. Foundation (four courses) AR 350. PRINTMAKING: LITHOGRAPHY 3 sional artists, in artist cooperatives, graphic design An investigation and development of the lithographic studios, advertising design studios, galleries, muse- a. AH101 and 102 process including color-printing techniques with ums, and printing houses, or in other art-related b. Two studio art courses of your choice emphasis placed on personal growth and vision. projects. Open to junior and senior majors and (note prerequisites where necessary). Prerequisites: AR105, 106, Recommended AR223, minors. No more than three semester hours in any 224, 341. May be taken for credit three times with internship may count toward the studio art major or 2. Breadth (five courses) — Choose one permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $60 minor. Non-liberal arts. No laboratory fee. course from each of the following areas: K. Leavitt a. Ancient and Medieval Art in the West: AH212, 222, 223, 232, 233, 330 AR 352. ADVANCED SCULPTURE 3 ART THEORY A process oriented course emphasizing the develop- b. Renaissance and Baroque Art in the ment of individual attitudes and involvements with AR 361. ART AND SOCIETY 3 West: AH241, 252, 264*, 342, 343, 347, 348 three-dimensional form. The techniques and materi- An examination of how the visual arts are defined, c. Modern and Contemporary Art in the als utilized will include casting, carving, metalworking, funded, displayed, and make available to the public. West: AH215, 217, 256, 261, 264*, 265, and plastics. Prerequisite: AR251. May be taken for This course will explore the role of artists in contem- 313, 321, 353, 354, 364 credit three times with permission of instructor. Non- porary cultures and will investigate information about liberal arts. Lab fee: $60 J. Cunningham artists' education, resources, opportunities, and the d. Arts of Africa and the Americas: AH103, skills required for professional development. Open to 203, 207, 309, 310 AR 355. COMPUTER IMAGING I 3 juniors and seniors or by permission of instructor. e. Asian Art: AH 104, 204, 209, 210, 211, Development of computer animation and graphic Liberal arts credit. Doretta Miller 311, 312, 314, AH/RE200 design skills. Projects may include such diverse areas as video animation, photomontage, scientific visual- AR 375. CURRENT ISSUES IN ART 3 3. Exploration (at least three courses) — ization or advertising design. Prerequisite: AR347 or A lecture/discussion course open to junior and senior Besides the foundation and breadth permission of instructor. Open only to juniors and art majors working in any media. With group critiques courses, each student must take a minimum seniors. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $100 J. Danison of student work as the central focus, the seminar of three additional art history courses explores individual work, processes, methodology, including at least one seminar or colloquium AR 356. COMPUTER IMAGING II 3 and other areas of individual or group interest. Slide but not including the senior thesis. (The Individual and group problems using computer presentations, lectures, oral reports, and visits to senior thesis is an option students may take imaging. Projects may include work in either fields of galleries and artists’ studios provide a context for the beyond the ten required art history courses.) video animation or publishing. Prerequisite: AR355 student critiques and introduce historical, social, or permission of instructor. May be taken for credit literary, and aesthetic perspectives related to devel- *AH264 fulfills breadth areas “b” or “c” three times with permission of instructor. Open only opments in the visual arts. Liberal arts credit. NOT both to juniors and seniors. Non-liberal arts. Lab fee: $100 J. Moore J. Danison 77 Because advanced research in any aspect AH/RE 200. HINDU RELIGION AND ART 3 AH 211. TIBETAN ART 3 of art history requires foreign languages An introduction to the thought and art of India through A survey of Tibetan Buddhist art, from its origins in (generally French or Italian and/or German, the study of its dominant religious and artistic tradi- the eighth century to the present. Attention is given to plus any language appropriate to your area, tion, Hinduism. The course emphasizes the evolu- Indian Buddhist art which provided the foundation for e.g., Chinese), we recommend language tionary history of texts and ideas, rituals, devotional Tibetan integration of formal and ritual influences study. We also recommend additional art literature, symbols and architecture of Hinduism, from a number of Asian cultures. Painting and sculp- history courses (including independent studies, taking note of the religious underpinnings of the ture will be considered, both as markers of cultural tradition, as well as its popular manifestations. The and period style, and as expressions of Buddhist museum/gallery internships, and the senior interdisciplinary nature of the course will highlight ideals. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) thesis) and/or courses in related fields, such the necessity to understand the religious experience R. Linrothe as literature, history, philosophy, anthropology, behind the works of art, and to witness the translation religion, and studio art. into concrete expressions of abstract ideas and AH 212. ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL religious emotions. (Fulfills non-Western culture ARCHITECTURE 3 ART HISTORY MINOR: Students electing a requirement.) R. Linrothe, J. Smith History of architecture and urban design from the minor in art history are required to include a oldest civilizations associated with the Western minimum of six courses in the minor field. AH 203. NATIVE AMERICAN ART 3 tradition to the end of the European Middle Ages. They should consult the director of the Art A study of the prehistoric, historic, and contemporary The course considers the following periods of archi- History Program for approval. (Please note: a arts of Native American peoples of North America. tectural history: Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Aegean, total of six studio art and two art history This course will study the arts of mainly Southwest, Greek, Roman, Early Christian, Byzantine, courses constitutes a minor in studio art.) Woodlands, Great Plains, and Northwest Coast Romanesque and Gothic. Recommended: AH101 or cultures with particular attention to their historiogra- 111. Art History Faculty Students may receive AP (Advanced Place- phy, style, technique, symbolic meaning, and place in ment) credit in art history. A score of 4 or 5 ritual. A wide range of media will be covered includ- AH 215. AMERICAN ARCHITECTURE 3 ing sculpture, painting, architecture, pottery, textile The architecture of the United States. Recom- earns the student six college credits. It is the arts, jewelry, and body decoration. Recommended: mended: AH101, 102 or 111 or 217. department’s policy that three of the six AP AH103 (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement; Art History Faculty credits can count as AH101 or AH102 fulfills arts-B component of breadth requirement.) (determined following consultation with the L. Aronson AH 217. AMERICAN ART 3 director of the Art History Program) and may A survey of art produced in the United States from be applied toward a major or minor in art AH 204. JAPANESE ART 3 the Colonial period to the present. Recurring themes history. The remaining three credits may be A chronological survey of Japanese arts (painting, will include the roles of artists in American society, treated as general elective credit toward the prints, sculpture, ceramics, textiles, architecture, and the relationship of U.S. and European cultures, the Skidmore degree. An exception to this policy gardens) from the neolithic period to the present. The contrast and connection between popular and elite must have approval from the director of Art course emphasizes historical, religious, and aesthetic artistic traditions, the building of an infrastructure of History in consultation with appropriate faculty. contexts. Special attention will be given to the stimu- art institutions, and government involvement in art lus of contacts with China and Korea in the evolution patronage. M. Clapper AH 101, 102. SURVEY OF WESTERN ART 3, 3 of Japanese visual art, and to Buddhist art. (Fulfills Survey of Western art from ancient times to the non-Western culture requirement; fulfills arts-B AH 222. GREEK ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY 3 present. AH101 is a prerequisite for 102. (Fulfills component of breadth requirement.) R. Linrothe An exploration of the major developments in archi- arts-B component of breadth requirement.) tecture, sculpture, and painting from Minoan and Art History Faculty AH 207. AFRICAN ART 3 Mycenaean civilizations through the Hellenistic A survey of the arts of sub-Saharan Africa. Focusing period. Attention is given to the influences on Greek AH 103. THE ARTS OF AFRICA, OCEANIA, AND on selected groups from the sub-Saharan region, art from the East and to the influence of Greek art on THE AMERICAS 3 this course considers a wide range of media giving other cultures. (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth A survey of the arts of Africa (south of the Sahara), primary attention to sculpture and masquerades but requirement.) L. Mechem Oceania (the South Sea Islands), and native North, also including ceramics, metallurgy, textiles, body Central and South America. This course examines a arts and architecture. These arts will be examined in AH 223. ROMAN ART AND ARCHAEOLOGY 3 variety of styles, techniques and socioreligious terms of their styles, symbols, technologies, histories, An examination of architecture, sculpture, and functions of the arts and architecture of these non- and socioreligious importance. (Fulfills non-Western painting beginning with the Villanovan and Etruscan Western cultural areas. (Fulfills non-Western culture culture requirement; fulfills arts-B component of cultures and continuing through the Republic and requirement; fulfills arts-B component of breadth breadth requirement.) L. Aronson Empire (fourth century A.D.). Topics covered include requirement.) L. Aronson wall painting, narrative sculpture, and city planning. AH 209. ISLAMIC ART 3 (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth requirements.) AH 104. ASIAN ART 3 Survey of the history of visual arts in Islamic cultures. L. Mechem Survey of the arts of India, China, Korea, and Japan. The course will examine architecture, painting, These arts will be examined with an emphasis on ceramics, and textiles in Arab, North African, Turkish, AH 232. LATE ANTIQUE, EARLY MEDIEVAL, style as cultural expression, the meaning of the arts Persian and Indian contexts. Special consideration AND BYZANTINE ART 3 in a religious context, and the impact of the cross- will be given to the interaction between local visual An examination of the origins of Christian art in the cultural exchange. (Fulfills non-Western culture traditions and Islamic values. (Fulfill non-Western Late Antique world and its subsequent development requirement; fulfills arts-B component of breadth culture requirement; fulfills arts-B component of in the Byzantine world and early Medieval Europe. requirement.) R. Linrothe breadth requirement.) R. Linrothe Areas studied include the Early Christian catacombs, Ravenna mosaics, the animal style and Hiberno- AH 111. INTRODUCTION TO ART 3 AH 210. CHINESE PAINTING 3 Saxon manuscripts, Carolingian Europe, and Byzan- A focus on a variety of monuments and traditions of Chronological survey of Chinese painting from fourth tine mosaics, icons and decorative arts. Prerequisite: art and architecture, with the goal of exploring issues century B.C. to eighteenth century A.D. Topics may AH101 or 111 or permission of instructor. P. Jolly concerning style, function, technique, and meaning. include technical issues, ornament and pictorialism, Attention will be paid to topics such as creativity, the figure painting, landscape, calligraphy, ink painting AH 233. ROMANESQUE AND GOTHIC ART 3 artist and society, sacred and secular art, gender and and its relationship with Chan (Zen), social back- European art from the tenth through the fourteenth art, crafts and popular art vs. the fine arts, and the grounds of artists, painting and poetry, and Chinese centuries, with a focus on painting, manuscript body in art. May not be counted toward a major in art critical writings. Prerequisite: AH104 or permission of illumination, sculpture, stained glass, and the decora- or art history. (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth instructor. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) tive arts. Prerequisite: AH101 or 111 or permission of requirement.) Art History Faculty R. Linrothe instructor. P. Jolly

78 AH 241. RENAISSANCE EUROPE 3 AH 310. THE ARTS OF NIGERIA 3 AH 330. LATE GOTHIC SCULPTURE AND Renaissance art in fifteenth- and sixteenth-century An in-depth study of the arts of Nigeria (West Africa) PAINTING 3 Italy, Flanders, and Germany. Artists include from its earliest archaeological sites through the post- Sculpture and painting in fourteenth century Europe, Masaccio, Donatello, Botticelli, Michelangelo, Colonial period. The course considers the breadth with special focus on the “Proto-Renaissance” Leonardo, and Raphael, as well as Jan van Eyck, and range of Nigeria’s artistic traditions from tradi- painters in Italy and manuscript illumination and Bosch, Dürer, and Brueghel. Recommended prepara- tional masquerades, textiles, ceramics, and body arts sculpture in France and Germany. Topics include the tion: AH101 or 102 or 111. (Fulfills arts-B component to contemporary urban trends in painting, print- revolutionary art of Giotto, the rise of late Medieval of breadth requirement.) P. Jolly making, and sculpture. Prerequisite: AH103 or 207 devotional art, Art and the Black Death, and the or permission of instructor. (Fulfills non-Western Limbourg Brothers and International Gothic art. AH 252. BAROQUE AND ROCOCO ART 3 culture requirement.) L. Aronson Prerequisite: AH101 or 111 or 233. P. Jolly A survey of European art of the seventeenth to mid- eighteenth centuries. Through an examination of AH 311. BUDDHIST ART OF EAST ASIA 3 AH 342. ART OF EARLY RENAISSANCE artists such as Bernini, Velazquez, Rembrandt, and Buddhist art (sculpture, painting, architecture, callig- ITALY 3 Hogarth, the course aims to develop an understand- raphy, graphic arts, and ritual implements) between An exploration of the origins of Italian Renaissance ing of the historical and social conditions and stylistic the third and fifteenth centuries in East Asia. The art in the fifteenth century, from Ghiberti, Masaccio features that characterize the diverse artistic manifes- course examines the religious and aesthetic prin- and Donatello, to Botticelli and the Bellini. Prerequi- tations of the period. Prerequisite: AH101 or 111 or ciples underlying Buddhist art of East Asia, and site: AH101 or 111 or 241. P. Jolly permission of instructor. M. Clapper analyzes works of art as expressions of Buddhist values interacting with local cultures. Special atten- AH 343. ART OF THE HIGH RENAISSANCE 3 AH 256. NEOCLASSICISM AND tion is paid to the site of Dunhuang, and to three Painting, sculpture and architecture in Italy in the IMPRESSIONISM 3 modes of Buddhist art: Esoteric, Pure Land, and Zen sixteenth century. Recommended preparation: A survey of European art, from the mid-eighteenth Buddhist. Prerequisites: AH104 or 204 or 210 or 211 AH101, 102 or 111. Art History Faculty through the nineteenth centuries. Through an exami- or consent of the instructor. (Fulfills non-Western nation of artists such as David, Delacroix, Constable, culture requirement.) R. Linrothe AH 347. NORTHERN RENAISSANCE Courbet, Monet, and Van Gogh, this course will PAINTING 3 explore artistic responses to the social, political, and AH 312. ANCIENT CHINESE ART 3 Painting in France, Flanders and Germany in the economic changes of the period. We will discuss A focused study of a small number of Chinese fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, with particular such topics as neoclassical portraiture, romantic archaeological sites distributed between the Neolithic emphasis upon the art of Jan van Eyck, Rogier van landscape painting, art displays at world’s fairs, and (ca. 3000 BCE) and the end of the Han dynasty (220 der Weyden, Dürer and Brueghel. Prerequisite: the origins of the “avant-garde.” A. Rauser CE). The sites and the works of art found in the sites AH101 or 111 or 241. P. Jolly will be placed within their aesthetic, social, and AH 261. TWENTIETH-CENTURY ART 3 political contexts. These sites are mainly newly AH 348. SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY DUTCH A survey of European and American modern and discovered tombs, and special attention will be paid PAINTING 3 contemporary art beginning in the late nineteenth to the evolving attitudes to the afterlife in ancient A study of the images produced during the “golden century and concluding with contemporary trends. China. Prerequisite: any of the following: AH104, 210, age” of Dutch painting and the social, economic, and We will consider a range of movements including HI 241, or permission of instructor. (Fulfills non- cultural conditions from which these images spring. In postimpressionism, cubism, surrealism, abstract Western culture requirement.) R. Linrothe examining the lives and works of artists such as expressionism, minimalism, and conceptual art in Rembrandt, Vermeer, Hals, and Ruisdael, the course their cultural and art historical contexts. Prerequisite: AH 313. MODERN ARCHITECTURE 3 seeks to understand the relationship between Dutch AH101 or 111 or permission of instructor. K. Hauser The history of the art of architecture from 1875 to the painting and Dutch society. Prerequisite: AH102 or present. The content of the course includes the 111 or 252 or permission of instructor. M. Clapper AH 264. HISTORY OF PRINTMAKING 3 development of industrial architecture, the later Historical consideration of the development and use Victorian period, the Arts and Crafts movement, AH 353. ART AND REVOLUTION 3 of various printmaking processes including woodcut, organic architecture in the Frank Lloyd Wright tradi- A study of the visual culture of the revolutionary engraving, etching, aquatint, lithography, and screen tion, the International Style, Late-Modern, and Post- decades 1770-1820 in Europe and America. This printing. The course concentrates on European and Modern. Recommended preparation: AH101, 102 or course seeks to explore such themes as the meaning American prints from the fifteenth century to the 212, 213 or 215. Art History Faculty and role of political art, the emerging ideals of mod- present. Prerequisite: AH101 or 111 or a studio ern subjectivity and the Romantic artist, the origins of printmaking course or permission of instructor. AH 314. BUDDHIST ART OF SOUTH ASIA 3 political caricature, and the differences in status and (Fulfills either Renaissance and Baroque or Modern A study of the evolution of Buddhist art in its original ambition between such “public” artists as Jacques- and Contemporary breadth requirement toward an art context of India. The course will survey the primary Louis David and “private” artists such as William history major.) M. Clapper sites of Buddhist art production, with an emphasis on Blake. Prerequisite: AH102 or 111 or 256 or permis- sculpture within architectural settings. Issues include sion of instructor. A. Rauser AH 265. HISTORY OF MODERN DESIGN 3 aniconism, patronage, the impact of ritual practice on A history of modern design from 1750 to the present, artistic format, pilgrimage, narrative, internationalism, AH 354. NINETEENTH-CENTURY ART: with an emphasis on design movements in the and the relationship between texts and images. Pre- LONDON AND PARIS 3 twentieth century. We will focus on modern European requisite: AH104 or permission of instructor. (Fulfills A study of the artistic cultures of the two capitals of and American design, surveying objects made from a non-Western culture requirement.) R. Linrothe imperial power in the nineteenth century, London wide range of materials, including textiles, metals, and Paris. We will focus on artistic developments that ceramics, and the print media. We will situate move- AH 321. HISTORY OF PHOTOGRAPHY 3 both supported and critiqued this imperialist age, ments such as Arts and Crafts, Art Nouveau, and An introduction to the history of the medium from its including the art competitions at the world’s fairs of Bauhaus in their cultural and art-historical contexts. “invention” in 1839 to the present. This course looks 1855 and 1889, the fashion for orientalism, the Recommended preparation: AH 101 or 102 or 111. at such forms of photography as pictorialism, straight- medieval nostalgia of the pre-Raphaelite brother- (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth requirement.) photography, montage, documentary, and photojour- hood, and the self-conscious modernity of the Im- K. Hauser nalism, situating them in their social, cultural, and pressionists. Prerequisite: AH102 or 256 or 261 or art-historical contexts. A significant theme of the permission of instructor. A. Rauser AH 309. THE ARTS OF MESOAMERICA AND course will be how, or even whether, photographs SOUTH AMERICA 3 depict reality. Prerequisite: AH 102 or 111. K. Hauser Architecture, sculpture, painting, and textiles from selected cultures in Mesoamerica and the Andean region from the thirteenth century B.C. up to the time of European intervention in the sixteenth century A.D. Prerequisite: AH101 or 102 or 103 or 111 or permis- sion of instructor. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) L. Aronson

79 AH 364. CONTEMPORARY ART 3 D. Other Topics. The topics of these seminars, Recent developments in American and European art to be announced each year, and to be presented Asian Studies from the 1960s to the 1990s. We will situate a range within the following subject areas, reflect particular of contemporary art movements and practices, problems or themes of current interest to the faculty including pop, earthworks, performance, video, and of art history, and may be different from year to year. Director of the Asian Studies Program: Robert the more traditional forms of painting, sculpture, and Specific topics may be offered in one or more of the Linrothe, Ph.D. photography, in their cultural and art historical con- following subject areas: Ancient; Medieval; Renais- texts. The course will explore such issues as the sance and Baroque; Modern; Africa, Oceania, and Faculty: status of art institutions, the connections between the Americas; Far Eastern; Architecture; Decorative Art and Art History: Robert Linrothe high art and popular culture, theoretical readings of Arts; Prints; Photography; the Literature and Philoso- art works, and the new trend toward artists’ self- phy of Art History. Prerequisite: Open to junior or English: Rajagopal Parthasarathy conscious expression of an identity politics. Pre- senior majors or minors in studio art or art history. All Exercise Science, Dance, and Athletics: requisite: AH102, 111, 217, 261, or 263. K. Hauser others by permission of instructor. Art History Faculty Isabel Brown Foreign Languages and Literatures: Mao AH 369. WOMEN IN THE VISUAL ARTS 3 AH 376. COLLOQUIUM IN ART HISTORY 3 Chen, Masako Inamoto A consideration of women as artists and as subjects An in-depth study of an area of the visual arts. Government: Steven Hoffmann in the visual arts, mainly in the Western world but Specific topics, varying from year to year, may be History: Margaret Pearson also in non-Western cultures. Viewed from a offered in one or more of the following areas: Music: Veena Chandra, Gordon Thompson sociohistorical perspective, the course considers A. Ancient Philosophy and Religion: Joel Smith such issues as art vs. craft, art as a construction of B. Medieval gender, female vs. male aesthetic, and why women C. Renaissance and Baroque The student majoring in Asian studies examines artists have traditionally been excluded from the art D. Modern multiple facets of the cultures, traditions, and history canon. Prerequisite: AH102 or 111 or permis- * E. Africa, Oceania, and/or the Americas contemporary realities of Asian countries and sion of the instructor. K. Hauser * F. Asian peoples. The Asian Studies Program (major and G. Architecture AH 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 H. Decorative Arts minor) is interdisciplinary, with a significant Guided by the instructor, the student does indepen- I. Prints linguistic component, and opportunities for direct dent reading and research in a specific area of art J. Special Issues in Art History experience with an Asian culture. For the major history. Permission of the instructor required. Prerequisite: Open to junior or senior majors or in Asian studies, a student may choose a Art History Faculty minors in studio art or art history. All others by concentration in either East Asia (China and/or permission of instructor. Japan) or South Asia (India). The director of the AH 375. SEMINAR: THEORY AND Asian Studies Program will serve as the advisor *Fulfills non-Western culture requirement. METHODOLOGY 3 to all majors and minors. An advanced study of theories and methodologies of AH 381. SENIOR THESIS IN ART HISTORY 3 art historical analysis. Seminars need not necessarily An advanced research and writing project for quali- THE ASIAN STUDIES MAJOR be area, culture, or medium specific. fied senior art history majors, on any topic of special East Asia Concentration A. Literature of Art History and Criticism. interest within the discipline of art history, supervised (a total of at least thirty-four credit hours) A critical examination of the contributions of selected by a member of the art history faculty and a second art historians and critics to our understanding of art. reader. The student will further develop and refine 1. Language. At least four semesters of Individual attitudes toward art historical methodology a substantial research project that he or she had Chinese or Japanese at Skidmore or and questions of judgment, value, and interpretation previously begun in a 300-level art history course. approved programs. Students are encour- will be discussed. Prerequisite: Open to junior or The final project should be a rigorous critical analysis, aged to spend a year in an approved senior majors or minors in studio art or art history. All incorporating original research and/or insights. program in either China or Japan, and to others by permission of instructor. Art History Faculty Recommended for those working toward graduate continue their language studies throughout study in the field of art history. Those students B. Museum Studies. Dealing with original works the major. interested in pursuing a senior thesis should obtain of art in the Skidmore College Collection and from further information from the Art History office. 2. Foundation. One course in each of two of the other sources, the course will consider the following Prerequisite: Approval of the faculty sponsor and following categories, focusing on either China problems: care and preservation; handling and the director of Art History. or Japan: moving; critical evaluation; the establishing of correct attributions and market values; and issues pertaining i. one historical survey (FL258, 259, 267, to the preparation of catalogues and exhibits. Prereq- AH 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN ART HI241, 242, 247, LS2 113); uisite: Open to junior or senior majors or minors in HISTORY 3 or 6 Professional experience at an advanced level for ii. one introduction to art or music (AH104, studio art or art history. All others by permission of 204, 210, FL 257, MU 321, LS2 164, 165); instructor. R. Carter juniors and seniors with substantial experience in art history. With faculty sponsorship and department iii. one introduction to religion or philosophy C. Meaning in the Visual Arts. An examination of approval, students may extend their educational (RE214, PH215). how artists have introduced meaning into their art, experience into such areas as museums, art galler- and how the viewer interprets that meaning. A variety ies, art auction houses, private art collections, arts Recommended: Completion of all-college of artistic devices will be explored, such as number administration, art conservation, and architecture and requirements and disciplinary prerequisites symbolism, color symbolism, allegory and metaphor, historic preservation. Unless prior permission is given for advanced courses by the end of the disguised symbolism, and symbolic landscape and by the department, only three credits will count sophomore year. architecture. Analytical methodologies will also be toward a major in art history. Prerequisite: AH101, 3. Junior Year. discussed, such as Freudian and Jungian analyses, 102, plus adequate preparation for the proposed Semiotics, Iconology, and Feminist Criticism. Prereq- internship through advanced course work in the i. Study in China or Japan: continuing uisite: Open to junior or senior majors or minors in history of art. language instruction and practice; varying studio art or art history. All others by permission of culture courses and internships, for at least instructor. P. Jolly three 300-level courses on China or Japan. Or ii. At Skidmore: At least one 300-level Asian studies course; electives will continue language study and develop comparative and disciplinary focus. 4. Senior Year. At least two courses, at the 300 level, one of which is to be an independent study during the spring semester, taken in 80 conjunction with AS375, Asian Studies Seminar, where the research paper written in the independent study and a range of issues will be discussed. Some students who have THE ASIAN STUDIES MINOR consists of LS III 043. THE POLITICS OF READING NON- done prior research may submit the inde- eighteen credit hours approved by the director WESTERN LITERATURE: THE pendent study research paper as a thesis. of Asian studies from the designated Asian EXAMPLE OF INDIA studies courses listed below, including at least LS2 165. MODERN CHINA AND JAPAN IN South Asian Concentration NARRATIVE AND FILM (a total of at least thirty-four credit hours) one 300-level course. Up to eight credit hours of an Asian language (Chinese or Japanese) MP 281. PRIVATE MUSICAL INSTRUCTION: 1. Language. Students are encouraged to may count toward the minor. Approved courses SITAR AND TABLA MU 309. MUSIC IN SOUTH ASIA participate in Skidmore’s Semester-in-India taken in the programs in China and Japan, and MU 321. MUSIC IN EAST ASIA Program or another approved program in all courses taken in the Semester-in-India South Asia, and to continue their language PH 215. BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY Program, and other pre-approved courses PR 325. JAPANESE RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHIES study throughout the major. Students taken abroad can be counted toward the minor. PR 326. TIBETAN BUDDHISM choose one of the following three options: RE 213. RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS OF INDIA i. eight semester hours of Hindi in Asian Studies Curriculum RE 214. RELIGIONS OF CHINA AND JAPAN Skidmore’s Semester-in-India Program, RE 220. ENCOUNTERING THE GODDESS IN plus two courses of self-instructional Hindi AH 104. ASIAN ART INDIA at Skidmore. AH/RE 200. HINDU RELIGION AND ART AH 204. JAPANESE ART Approved courses taken at Beijing Normal ii. eight semester hours of Hindi in AH 209. ISLAMIC ART University, China; at universities in Tokyo and Skidmore’s Semester-in-India Program, AH 210. CHINESE PAINTING Nagoya through the Institute of Asian Studies plus two culture courses on India (in AH 211. TIBETAN ART programs in Japan; and all courses in the addition to courses that fulfill other require- AH 311. BUDDHIST ART OF EAST ASIA Semester-in-India Program can be counted ments for the major) at Skidmore from the AH 312. ANCIENT CHINESE ART toward the minor. list of approved courses for the major. AH 376. F. COLLOQUIA IN ART HISTORY: “Asian” AS 101, 102. LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN INDIA iii. two courses of self-instructional Hindi at AS 101, 102. LANGUAGE AND CULTURE IN INDIA AS 201. HISTORICAL, CULTURAL, AND 4, 4 Skidmore, plus two culture courses on SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF INDIAN Introduction to the Hindi language as a social artifact India (in addition to courses that fulfill other DEVELOPMENT through study of basic grammar, composition, conver- requirements for the major) at Skidmore AS 202. CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN INDIAN sation, and readings. After a three-week period of from the list of approved courses for the SOCIAL AND CULTURAL traditional intensive classroom study, students will major. DEVELOPMENT supplement continuing classroom study with 2. Foundation. One course in each of the two AS 375. ASIAN STUDIES SENIOR SEMINAR homestays, field trips, and the use of Hindi in every- following categories: AS 376. DIRECTED FIELD STUDY IN INDIA day life and travel. Offered each fall in India. DA 230. INTRODUCTION TO DANCE HISTORY, i. one introduction to art and society (AH/ LITERATURE, AND REPERTORY AS 201. HISTORICAL, CULTURAL, AND SOCIAL RE200, AH211, GO240, MU309, LS2 127, DA 303, 304. NON-WESTERN DANCE FORMS BACKGROUND OF INDIAN 153, LS III 043, MP281); A. BHARATA NATYAM I C. KATHAK DEVELOPMENT 3 ii. one introduction to religion or philosophy B. BHARATA NATYAM II F. T’AI CHI An overview of the historical development of contem- (RE213, 220, PH215). EN 231. NON-WESTERN LITERATURE: THE porary India with emphasis on the interaction of the CLASSICAL WORLD diverse strands that have formed modern India. In Recommended: Completion of all-college EN 232. NON-WESTERN LITERATURE: THE addition to the study of the literature of various peri- requirements and disciplinary prerequisites MODERN WORLD ods, the course will draw on the historical and cultural for advanced courses by the end of the FC 101, 102, 201, 202, 371, 372. CHINESE resources of Jaipur and other sites in India. Offered sophomore year. LANGUAGE each fall in India. FC 208. ADVANCED CHINESE 3. Junior Year. CONVERSATION AND COMPOSTION AS 202. CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN INDIAN i. Study in India in Skidmore’s Semester-in- FJ 101, 102, 201, 202, 204, 206, 371, 372. SOCIAL AND CULTURAL India Program or another approved JAPANESE LANGUAGE DEVELOPMENT 3 program; language study and practice; FL 257. MODERN CHINESE LITERATURE IN Introduction to contemporary Indian society, eco- varying culture courses, for at least three TRANSLATION nomics, and politics by examining such issues as the 300-level courses on South Asia.. FL 258, 259. CHINESE CIVILIZATION relationship between rural and urban life, the role of FL 267. MODERN JAPANESE CULTURE AND caste, the status of women, the changing character of Or SOCIETY the family, the role of science and technology, and the ii. At Skidmore: At least one 300-level FX 171, 172, 271, 272. SELF-INSTRUCTED HINDI legacy of Gandhian thought and practice. Offered Asian studies course; electives will GO 240. POLITICAL MODERNIZATION: THE each fall in India. continue language study and develop CASE OF INDIA comparative and disciplinary focus. GO 344. COMPARATIVE POLITICS AND AS 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3,3 CULTURE: INDIA AND JAPAN Individual study under the direction of Asian studies 4. Senior Year. At least two courses, at the HI 241. INTRODUCTION TO IMPERIAL CHINA faculty. 300 level, one of which is to be an HI 242. INTRODUCTION TO MODERN CHINA independent study during the spring HI 247. RISE OF JAPAN AS 375. ASIAN STUDIES SEMINAR 1 semester, taken in conjunction with AS375, HI 343. THE CHINESE REVOLUTION A seminar required of all Asian studies majors in the Asian Studies Seminar, where the research HI 347. JAPAN: SAMURAI, WEAVERS, spring semester of their senior year. The course will paper written in the independent study and WRITERS, AND PROSTITUTES involve discussion of the theoretical underpinnings of a range of issues will be discussed. Some HI 362. A. TOPICS IN HISTORY: NON-WESTERN Asian studies, reflection on methods, and exchange of students who have done prior research “Topics in Chinese History” perspectives across disciplinary and regional concen- may submit the independent study HI 362. B. TOPICS IN HISTORY: NON-WESTERN tration. Specific topics and readings will vary from year research paper as a thesis. “Topics in Japanese History” to year. Asian Studies Program Director. HI 375. G. COLLOQUIA IN HISTORY: HONORS: For honors in Asian studies, a “Colloquium in Chinese History” AS 376. DIRECTED FIELD STUDY IN INDIA 3 student must earn a 3.0 or better cumulative HI 375. H. COLLOQUIA IN HISTORY: An independent research project designed by the GPA in all courses taken at Skidmore, a 3.5 or “Colloquium in Japanese History” student to be executed in India with guidance from better in all courses taken for the Asian studies LS2 113. CHANGE IN EARLY CHINA one or more Indian advisors. The project must be major, and a grade of A or A- on an approved LS2 127. MUSIC AND POLITICS IN INDIA: THE designed before leaving for India in consultation with senior thesis. With the approval of the director HISTORICAL STRUGGLE FOR appropriate Skidmore advisors, and the project design of Asian studies and the Asian studies faculty, IDENTITY AND ART IN THE WORLD’S must be approved by the resident faculty advisor in a student may write a thesis in the senior year LARGEST DEMOCRACY India. Offered each fall in India. to be directed by a member of the Asian LS2 163. CHINA AND THE WEST 81 studies faculty, with one additional reader. LS2 164. FACTUAL AND FICTIONAL: HISTORY AND THE NOVEL IN CHINA II. Chemistry courses: CH105 and 106 (or EXPLORATION COURSES Biology 107) (usually taken in the first year) The following courses are designed for students who wish to fulfill the College laboratory science Chair of the Department of Biology: Monica III. Mathematics course: MA111 requirement with the study of biology. These Raveret-Richter, Ph.D. (usually taken in the first year) courses are generally not counted toward the Professors: Elaine C. Rubenstein, Ph.D.; Roy IV. Seminar courses : BI377 and 378 biology or any biology-combined major. Students S. Meyers, Ph.D.; David Domozych, Ph.D.; (taken in the senior year) who wish to major or minor in biology after completing one or two exploration courses Bernard Possidente, Ph.D. Concentration Requirements should consult the department chair concerning Associate Professor: Monica Raveret-Richter, the appropriate choice of courses; some explora- Ph.D. tion courses may be substituted for requirements General Biology in the major or minor at the discretion of the Assistant Professors: Phillip A. Ortiz, Ph.D.; A. The general requirements. department. Christina K. Eddy, Ph.D.; Corey R. Freeman- Gallant, Ph.D. B. Six 300-level biology courses. BI375 (Research in Biology) or BI371 (Indepen- BI 110. BIOLOGY OF THE MIND 4 An introductory level examination of the basic biology Senior Teaching Associates: Loretta M. dent Study) can substitute for one of these Parsons, M.S.; Catherine Domozych, Ph.D.; of the human brain and nervous system. A sufficient requirements. Students may take additional depth of biological perspective is developed to allow Sue S. Van Hook, M.A. BI371 courses as electives but they do not the student to consider the biological underpinnings Visiting Teaching Associate: Donald Bibby, M.S. substitute for 300-level biology courses. of a wide variety of brain related topics including pathology (select mental and nervous system dis- Research Associates: *Sheila Tuttle, M.S.; Molecular and Cell Biology eases), socially significant issues (drugs, alcohol), *Helen Ghiradella, Ph.D.; *Helmut Hirsch, Ph.D.; A. The general requirements. higher function (language, sleep, memory, conscious- *Wayne Richter, M.S. ness), and philosophical issues (mind-body problem, B. Foundation course: BI343 artificial intelligence, ethical issues). Three hours of The Biology Department offers instruction in C. Supportive courses: three courses selected lecture, two hours of lab per week. (Qualifies as many diverse areas of modern biology. In from BI308, 311, 314, 323, 337, 351M nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement; fulfills QR2 requirement.) R. Meyers consultation with a faculty advisor, students D. CH221 and 222 design programs of study to meet individual Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior BI 120. THE HUMAN ORGANISM 4 interests and goals. The biology major offers A. The general requirements An introduction to the study of life processes, focused three intradepartmental concentrations: (1) on our species. This course will help the student general biology, (2) molecular and cell biology, B. Foundation courses: two courses selected acquire an understanding of basic biological prin- and (3) ecology, evolution, and behavior. The from BI316, 317, 324. ciples, using humans as illustrative material. Topics major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. C. Supportive courses: two courses selected will include genetics, reproduction, and physiology of from BI307, 308, 312, 316 (if not humans. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab per week. (Qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth Students who major in biology and plan to already taken as a foundation course), requirement.) E. Rubenstein attend professional schools (medical, dental, 317 (if not already taken as a foundation veterinary, and others) are encouraged to take course), 324 (if not already taken as a BI 125. THE LIVING CELL: ANIMAL BIOLOGY 4 two semesters of organic chemistry (CH221 foundation course), 325, 344, 351E, 370. and 222) and two semesters of calculus-based An introduction to the structure and function of a physics (PY207 and 208). See Health Profes- D. Elective biology course: one additional living mammalian cell. Emphasis will be placed upon understanding cell function in the context of the sions on page 148. course from the supportive courses or from any of the department’s other 300-level whole organism. The course will introduce the offerings including BI351A,E,M. student to human biology at the cellular level. THE BIOLOGY MAJOR: Students who major Topics of major relevance for nutrition, health, medi- in biology must meet the College requirements E. MS104 or PS217 or EC237. cine, and disease at the basic science level will be for the degree, complete the general biology addressed. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab requirements, and complete the requirements INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In per week. The lab sessions combine hands-on lab for one of the intradepartmental concentra- conjunction with the relevant departments, the work and discussions of relevant topics and assigned tions. Each concentration requires fifteen Biology Department offers majors in biology- readings. (Qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) P. Ortiz courses. chemistry, biology-philosophy, and biology- psychology (see Interdepartmental Majors, BI 130. THE BIOLOGY OF MICROORGANISMS 4 Majors are encouraged to gain research ex- page 142). perience by taking BI371 or 375 as an elective. An introductory level inquiry to the diverse world of microorganisms. A broad spectrum of single cell HONORS: Departmental honors are awarded General requirements for all biology majors organisms will be studied leading to an understand- to a senior major who has maintained the ing of the concept of “unity of biochemistry” and an or concentrations required College and department averages appreciation of basic principles of genetics, ecology, and has completed a research project in evolution, and physiology. Historical and applied I. Core courses: BI190, 237, 233, and 236. BI375. Other factors, such as academic integ- aspects will also be considered (Pasteur, disease, BI190 introduces the major and serves as a rity, will bear on the decision to award honors. antibiotics, genetic engineering, AIDS). Three hours core course in population biology. Three more of lecture, two hours of lab per week. (Qualifies as 200-level courses provide a foundation in plant THE BIOLOGY MINOR: Students who want to nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) biology, cell and molecular biology, and multi- minor in biology must take five courses from C. Eddy cellular animal biology. These four courses among those offered in the department. These constitute a core curriculum for the major, and BI 135. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 4 must include BI 190; two courses from the should be completed by the end of the sopho- Environmental science is an interdisciplinary study following: BI233, 236; and two additional more year. BI190 should be taken in the fall of the interaction between humans and the environ- biology courses at the 300 level. CH103 or 105 semester of the first year, followed by BI237, in ment chiefly in relation to ecology, resources, and is also required and should be taken prior to or the spring. In the fall semester of the sopho- population. The course will show how humans are a at the same time as BI233 or 234. Note: BI375 more year BI233 should be taken, followed by force now posing a serious threat to the long-term and 377, 378 cannot fulfill the two additional BI236 in the spring. sustainability of natural life-support systems. Three biology course requirements. hours of lecture, two hours of lab per week. (Fulfills LS IV requirement and qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) The Department 82 BI 140. MARINE BIOLOGY 4 BI 170. HUMAN GENETICS 4 BI 237. PLANT BIOLOGY 4 An examination of the intricate and delicate nature An introduction to the principles of genetics and their A laboratory, field and lecture course which studies of plant, animal, fungal and microbial life beneath application to human biology. Topics include the the following topics: anatomy, morphology, physiol- Earth’s oceans and on its shorelines. Lecture topics history of genetics, the structure, function and inherit- ogy, development, and spring flora. Three hours of include ocean chemistry and biochemistry, physiol- ance of genes, medical genetics, and genetic engi- lecture, three hours of lab a week. Prerequisite: ogy of marine organisms, evolution and diversity of neering. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab per BI190 or permission of instructor. Offered in the the marine world, marine ecosystems and human- week. (Qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth spring semester. (Fulfills a lab science requirement; ocean interactions. The lab will include experimental requirement; fulfills QR2 requirement.) B. Possidente qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth manipulations of marine plants and animals, survey requirement.) The Department of various life forms, culture techniques, ecological BI 175. INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL sampling and mariculture. Three hours of lecture, two CLOCKS 3 BI 275. INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL hours of lab per week. Lab fee $60. (Qualifies as An introduction to biological mechanisms that adapt RESEARCH 1 nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) to night and day: tides, phases of the moon, and An introductory exploration of research in the biologi- D. Domozych seasons in a variety of organisms, with an emphasis cal sciences. Students plan, design, and implement a on human biological rhythms. Topics include general small research project from the laboratory or field in BI 145. UNDERSTANDING BIOTECHNOLOGY: principles, structure, function, and significance of coordination with a faculty member. This experience RECOMBINANT DNA AND ETHICAL biological clocks, including medical applications in will allow students at various stages of their careers ISSUES 4 psychiatry and cancer treatment, jet lag, and shift to sample research methodologies in particular An investigation of the structure, function, and work. Three hours of lecture per week. (Qualifies as subdisciplines of biology. Students may only take four manipulation of DNA. Recent advances in decoding nature-A course for breadth requirement.) BI275 courses in their careers and no more than two the genome of any organism and in recombining the B. Possidente in any given semester. If more than one is taken in DNA into functional units within the cell have impor- one semester, each BI275 must be in a different tant ethical, economic, environmental, political, and BI 180. INTRODUCTORY BOTANY 4 section. Prerequisites: Completion of one 100-level social implications, which will have major impacts on An introduction to the concepts of plant and fungal course in biology or requirements set forth in indi- society, health care, insurance, environmental biology and a hands-on survey of the practices vidual sections plus permission of instructor. regulations, business, and the economy. This course associated with plant science and mycology. This will explore the science and technology of manipulat- course will explore the fascinating yet poorly under- BI 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN ing DNA and the potential social, ethical, and envi- stood kingdoms of plants and fungi. Lectures will BIOLOGY 3 ronmental consequences. Three hours of lecture, focus upon the structure and role of the plant/fungal Internship opportunity for students whose curricular two hours of lab per week. (Fulfills a lab science systems, their evolution, their importance in the foundations and experience have prepared them for requirement; qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for biosphere and their utilization in human affairs. Labs professional work related to the major field. With breadth requirement.) C. Eddy will include field trips to areas of botanical/mycologi- faculty sponsorship and department approval, stu- cal interest, horticultural exercises, comprehensive dents may extend their educational experience into BI 150. BIOLOGY: THE SCIENTIFIC surveys of various taxonomic groups, and experi- such areas as laboratory or field research, or clinical STUDY OF LIFE 4 ences in current biotechnology. Three hours of medicine. Does not count toward the major. Offered An introduction to the basic principles underlying the lecture, two hours of lab per week. (Qualifies as Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory only. Prerequisite: study of life. Topics may range from the origin and nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) completion of at least one related 200-level course evolution of life to the molecular basis of heredity and D. Domozych (as determined by the department). development, to the structure and function of the global ecosystem. The lectures and labs emphasize COURSES FOR THE MAJOR BI 305. CARDIOVASCULAR PHYSIOLOGY 4 the diversity of life, the unifying characteristics shared A thorough consideration of cardiovascular physiol- by all organisms, and an understanding of life based BI 190. POPULATION BIOLOGY 4 ogy including cellular physiology of the heart, mam- on scientific methods of analysis. Three hours of The basic principles of ecology, behavior, and malian cardiovascular dynamics, aspects of lecture, two hours of lab per week. (Qualifies as evolution will be examined as they affect individuals, comparative cardio-physiology and human clinical nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) populations, species, communities, and ecosystems. cardiology. Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab The Department This course is designed for potential majors. Three a week. Prerequisites: BI236 or 239, CH106 or hours of lectures, three hours of lab per week. permission of instructor. Offered in alternate years. BI 155. EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 4 Offered in the fall semester. (Fulfills a lab science R. Meyers An introduction to evolution as the central organizing requirement; qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for principle of the biological sciences. This writing- breadth requirement.) C. Freeman-Gallant BI 306. MAMMALIAN PHYSIOLOGY 4 intensive course explores the mechanisms of evolu- An intensive study of selected topics in mammalian tionary change and introduces the academic and BI 233. CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 4 physiology. These will vary from year to year, but will applied issues that challenge modern evolutionary A study of living processes on a cellular and be drawn from among cellular, renal, respiratory, theory. Topics include: human origins, Darwinian molecular level. Cell ultrastructure and the regulation cardiac, endocrine, thermoregulatory, adaptive, medicine, adaptation, and sexual selection. Three of information flow and biochemical reactions in both sensory, and neural physiology. Prerequisites: BI236 hours of lecture and two hours of lab per week. eucaryotes and procaryotes will be examined. or 239, CH106 or permission of instructor. Three (Fulfills expository writing requirement and qualifies Prerequisite: BI237, completion of or concurrent lectures, three hours of lab a week. Offered in as nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) registration in CH105, or permission of instructor. alternate years. R. Meyers C. Freeman-Gallant Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab a week. Offered in fall semester. E. Rubenstein BI 307. ORNITHOLOGY 4 BI. 160. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 4 Birds as model organisms for an integrative study The biology of species, communities, and ecosys- BI 236. COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE of biology. This course explores avian form and tems that are perturbed or threatened by human PHYSIOLOGY 4 function, the ecology, evolution, and behavior of activities. This course will examine the principles and The function and structure of major systems in birds, and avian conservation. Prerequisites: BI190 tools for preserving biological diversity. Topics to be vertebrates considered principally from the perspec- and any 200-level biology course. Three hours of covered include principles of ecology, geographic tive of their ability to meet environmental demands. lecture, three hours of fieldwork or lab a week. One distribution, animal and plant classification, and Prerequisite: BI233, completion of or concurrent Saturday field trip. C. Freeman-Gallant population dynamics. Three hours of lecture, two registration in CH106, or permission of instructor. hours of lab per week; one all-day field trip. (Qualifies Three hors of lecture, three hours of laboratory a as nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) week. Offered in spring semester. R. Meyers The Department

83 BI 308. PRINCIPLES OF GENETICS 4 BI 325. TROPICAL ECOLOGY 3 BI 345. TOPICS IN CELLULAR A study of the principles underlying the structure and An introduction to the ecology of tropical regions, with METABOLISM 4 function of hereditary mechanisms. Topics include an emphasis on Central and South American forests. This course will concentrate on the molecular classical genetics, DNA structure and function, tran- In this course, we will take an ecological approach to structure and function of major cellular components. scription, translation, regulation of gene expression, investigating the patterns, processes, and organisms Topics include the structure of cellular proteins, and recombinant DNA methods. Prerequisites: characterizing tropical ecosystems. We will study the functional diversity of proteins within the cell, carbo- CH106, BI233, or permission of instructor. Three forces that gave rise to tropical biodiversity, and hydrate physiology, plasma membranes, and cellular hours of lecture, three hours of lab a week. discuss both the preservation and the destruction of metabolism. The lab will include the use of live cell B. Possidente tropical ecosystems. Prerequisites: BI 190 and 237. cultures. Prerequisites: BI236, CH106. Three hours M. Raveret-Richter of lecture, three hours of lab a week. P. Ortiz BI 311. BIOLOGICAL ELECTRON MICROSCOPY 4 BI 326. BEHAVIORAL GENETICS 4 BI 346. ENDOCRINOLOGY 3 Practical and theoretical study of the operation and An introduction to the study of genetic mechanisms A study of the hormonal systems at work within application of electron microscopes and the prepara- that regulate the development and expression of mammals. Particular attention will be paid to the tion of samples for electron microscopy. Topics behavior and the relationships between genetic organization and function of the human endocrine include: chemical fixation, cryofixation, cytochemistry, variation and variation in behavioral traits. Model system. Topics to be covered include sexual differen- immunolabeling, ultramicrotomy, transmission elec- systems examined will emphasize analysis of genetic tiation, cellular signaling systems, reproductive tron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and components of phenotypic variation and covariation, function, regulation of water and calcium balance, electron microscopic photography. Prerequisite: and mapping of genes involved in regulation and and growth and development. Three hours of lecture BI233 or permission of instructor. Two hours of expression of behavior. Three hours of lecture, three per week. Prerequisites: BI233 and 236. P. Ortiz lecture and four hours of lab a week D. Domozych hours of lab per week. Prerequisites BI 233 and BI 236. B. Possidente BI 347. RENAL PHYSIOLOGY 4 BI 314. GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY 4 The structure and function of the human kidney and BI 327. CONSERVATION ECOLOGY 3 The study of metabolism, growth, and genetics of urinary system. Many ideas and concepts (such as Focuses upon developing an understanding of the microorganisms in order to understand how cellular muscle contraction, hemodynamics, osmotic gradi- diversity of life, in an ecological and evolutionary processes are involved in determining interactions ents, and solute transport) developed in other biology context, and applying that understanding to critical between microbes and their environments. The courses will be employed to understand the function analyses of issues and problems in conservation interactions of microorganisms with living hosts, of the kidney. Topics to be covered in this course biology. Prerequisites: BI190 and either BI236 or 237. such as humans, and non-living environments, such include renal anatomy, blood flow, solute mainte- M. Raveret-Richter as toxic waste dumps will be discussed. The valu- nance, acid-base and calcium balance, regulation of able properties of microorganisms will be contrasted plasma volume and osmolarity, and renal disease BI 337. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 4 to their roles in causing disease. Prerequisite: states. Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab per The behavior, growth, transport processes, and BI233, CH106 or permission of instructor. Three week. Prerequisites: BI236 and CH106. P. Ortiz environmental response of plants. Topics include lectures, three hours of lab a week. C. Eddy membrane dynamics and function, plant cell develop- BI 348 IMMUNOBIOLOGY 3 ment and polarity, solute and water transport, mineral BI 316. ANIMAL BEHAVIOR 4 A study of the ways in which the immune system and vitamin nutrition, respiration photosynthesis, Behavior is a product of evolution and a means of recognizes and responds to cells or molecules that hormone action, photoperiodism, taxes and stress animal adaptation. This course considers the mecha- are non-self. The course will explore the basic biology. Two lectures, four hours of lab a week. nisms, proximate causes and ultimate origins of biological processes that underlie the function of the Prerequisites: BI237 and CH106. D. Domozych behavior. Prerequisite: BI236 Three lectures, three immune system in health and disease. Prerequisite: hours of lab or fieldwork a week. One Saturday field BI233. E. Rubenstein BI 338. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY 4 trip. M. Raveret-Richter A modern analysis of humankind’s use of plants and BI 351. TOPICS IN BIOLOGY 3 fungi and their derived products. Major subjects BI 317. ECOLOGY 4 This course gives students an opportunity to study covered include: ethnobotany, plant genetic engi- A field, laboratory, and lecture course in which the topics that are not offered on a regular basis. The neering, plant biochemistry, techniques of plant interactions among organisms and between organ- specific topics will vary each time the course is production, agricultural practices, horticulture, and isms and their physical-chemical environment are taught. All courses fulfill the 300-level requirements medicinal botany/mycology. Three hours of lecture, explored. Prerequisite: any 200-level BI course or for the general biology major. May be repeated for three hours of lab a week. Prerequisite: BI237 or permission of instructor. Three lectures, three hours credit. Prerequisite: permission of department. permission of instructor. D. Domozych of lab or fieldwork a week. One Saturday field trip. BI351A fulfills the 300-level elective course require- M. Raveret-Richter BI 343. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 4 ment of the ecology, evolution, and behavior concen- A study of biological function on a molecular level. tration. BI 323. DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY 4 Several representative macromolecules will be The study of the progressive, sequential changes that BI351E fulfills the 300-level supportive course or explored on levels ranging from the genetic control occur within cells, tissues, and organisms over time. elective course requirement of the ecology, evolution, of their synthesis to their functional architecture. The study of development encompasses molecular, and behavior concentration. Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab per week. biochemical, cellular, morphological, and physiologi- Prerequisites: BI233, CH106 or permission of instruc- BI351 M fulfills the 300-level supportive course cal organizational levels. Course topics range from tor. C. Eddy requirement of the molecular and cell biology concen- gametogenesis and embryonic development to tration or the 300-level elective course requirement of molecular mechanisms of gene regulation. Pre- BI 344. BIOLOGICAL CLOCKS 4 the ecology, evolution, and behavior concentration. requisite: BI 233 or permission of instructor. Three Organisms in all the major taxonomic groups have lectures, three hours of lab a week. E. Rubenstein internalized geophysical and other periodicities in the BI 370. COMPUTER MODELING OF form of endogenous biological mechanism that BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 3 BI 324. EVOLUTION 3 function as clocks. Theoretical, molecular, cellular, An introductory course in the methods, procedures, A survey of topics in evolutionary theory: the evi- physiological, behavioral, ecological, and biomedical uses, and implications of digital computer modeling of dence for evolution, mechanism of evolutionary aspects of biological clocks will be examined with an biological processes from the molecular through the change, species concepts, and speciation. Introduc- emphasis on circadian clocks. Three hours of population level of organization, with particular focus tion to the concepts of variability, adaptation, neutral- lecture, three hours of lab per week. B. Possidente on the systems level. Prerequisite: BI190 and a 200- ity, and phylogeny through discussion and lab work. level biology course or permission of instructor. Two Prerequisite: BI 236 or permission of instructor. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab a week. R. Meyers hours of lecture, three hours of lab a week. C. Freeman-Gallant

84 BI 371. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3 The department is a member of the American An opportunity for students to pursue in depth spe- Business Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business. cialized topics not available through regular course Students who wish to prepare in the area of offerings. This is offered without a laboratory/field public accounting may satisfy the academic component. Prerequisite: agreement of a faculty Chair of the Department of Management and requirements for the examination through the member to serve as tutor, a topic acceptable both to Business: Roy J. Rotheim, Ph.D. department. student and tutor, and permission of the department. Biology majors may take either B!371 or 375 only Professors: William Edwards, M.B.A., F. Will- THE BUSINESS MAJOR: All business majors once to substitute for a 300-level biology course iam Harder Professor of Business; Roy J. requirement. The Department must take the basic business core. In addition, Rotheim, Ph.D., Professor of Economics four 300-level elective courses must be taken. BI 375. RESEARCH IN BIOLOGY 4 Associate Professors: Betty V. Balevic, M.S.; BU399, Professional Internship in Business, An opportunity for students to engage in laboratory Martin J. Canavan, C.P.A., M.S.; Paul Corr, may not be counted as satisfying the four 300- or field research under the guidance of a faculty C.P.A., Ph.D.; Mary Elizabeth Correa, Ph.D.; level elective requirement of the business member. The emphasis is on the development of K. Gary McClure, Ph.D major. analytical and technical expertise in biological re- Assistant Professors: Paul B. Girma, Ph.D.; search. Students present their results in the form of a The basic business core is composed of the James J. Kennelly, Ph.D.; Eric E. Lewis, Ph.D.; written thesis and an oral presentation. Prerequisite: following courses: BU107, 205, 214, 224, 234, Christine Page, Ph.D.; Mark A. Youndt, Ph.D. agreement by a faculty member to serve as a tutor, 235, 342, 349; EC103, 104. The suggested completion of the 200-level course requirements, and Visiting Instructors: Elzbieta Lepkowska-White, course sequence is: BU107, 205, EC103, 104, permission of the department. Ordinarily, biology M.S.; Mary Elizabeth Taber, M.P.P.M. BU234, 235, 224, 214, EC237, BU342, majors may take either BI371 or 375 only once to BU300-level electives (four); BU349 (senior substitute for a 300-level biology course requirement; Lecturers: Timothy Harper, M.B.A, Trustee year only). however, with departmental approval BI375 may be Visiting Scholar; *Christine Kopec, J.D.; Jean- repeated once for credit. The Department ette L. Lippitt, Ph.D.; *Jeffrey W. Lippitt, Ph.D. Students preparing to major in business are BI 377, 378. SENIOR SEMINAR IN BIOLOGY 1, 1 Research Associate: *Benjamin Gordon, A.M. expected to demonstrate proficiency in English A seminar course designed to teach research skills composition and grammar, mathematics, in the biological sciences. The course includes Skidmore’s Department of Management and economics, and computer applications. These presentations by students and guest speakers, Business provides students with a distinctive proficiencies may be strengthened by taking and instruction and practice in the use of library program in management that builds on and the following courses: EN107; MA105, 111; resources, research design and execution, and enhances the liberal arts program of the Col- CS105. writing of scientific papers. Offered on a satisfactory/ lege. The major in business is designed to unsatisfactory basis only. The Department prepare students to enter a career in business INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In or the nonprofit sector. The program also conjunction with other departments, the BI 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN serves as a preparation for graduate school. Management and Business Department offers BIOLOGY 3 or 6 The focus of the program is to enable students interdepartmental majors in business-econom- Professional experience at an advanced level for to develop the strong analytical and communi- ics, business-French, business-German, juniors and seniors with substantial academic experi- cations skills essential to effective decision business-Spanish, business-government, and ence in the major field. With faculty sponsorship and making in today’s global society. department approval, students may extend their business-mathematics. See Interdepartmental educational experience into such areas as laboratory Majors, page 142. The department participates or field research, or clinical medicine. Does not count The structure of this major is programmatic in in the international affairs minor. toward the major. Offered satisfactory/unsatisfactory nature, beginning with a comprehensive intro- only. Prerequisite: completion of at least one related ductory course. Following this introduction, the HONORS: To be eligible for departmental 300-level course (as determined by the department). student enters a foundations series in market- honors, a student must, in addition to fulfilling ing, organizational behavior, accounting and the college requirements for honors, attain a finance, all presented within a global context. grade point average of 3.5 or higher for all Following the foundation the student enters work completed in the major, and receive at advanced study. Through four elective least an A- on an honors thesis. courses, the student may develop more specialized competence, in accounting, entre- THE BUSINESS MINOR: For a business preneurship and small business, finance, minor, the student is required to complete general management, international business, BU107, 205, 214, 234, and two additional marketing, and organizational behavior. The courses, at least one at the 300 level. department has prepared suggested model programs for these studies and has a pam- COOPERATIVE M.B.A. PROGRAMS: Quali- phlet available. Alternatively, the student may fied students have the opportunity to earn a develop an individual program in the advanced baccalaureate degree from Skidmore and a electives with the assistance of a departmental master’s degree in business administration advisor. The major culminates with a compre- through cooperative programs with Clarkson hensive, integrative course in business policy. University and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. In the 4 + 1 M.B.A. Program with As a part of the business curriculum, the Clarkson, students earn the master’s degree student has regular interaction with the busi- in the year following Skidmore graduation. ness world. Lectures by business executives The 3/2 Bachelor’s M.B.A. Program with and field trips to regional organizations form a Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, School of regular part of most courses. The introductory Management, is designed to facilitate the course and others involve regular participation transfer of students from Skidmore to by visiting business executives in course Rensselaer. Qualified students receive a exercises. Computer applications are inte- bachelor’s degree from Skidmore and an grated into the business program at every M.B.A. from Rensselaer within five to five-and- level. The department encourages study one half years. These programs are described abroad. on page 146. 85 BU 107. BUSINESS ORGANIZATION AND BU 303. COST ACCOUNTING FOR SB 315. WORK, FAMILY, AND MANAGEMENT 3 MANAGEMENT DECISIONS 3 ORGANIZATIONS 3 A broadly based introduction to the field of business A review of the various methods of cost accumulation The analysis of various white-collar and blue-collar that can serve either as the first course in the depart- for product costing and the analysis of cost data for occupations and their relationship to work and family mental sequence or as an only course for a student planning and control. The course focuses on man- life. Topics include the changing nature of work; desiring an overview of the business world from a agement systems and emphasizes the application of professionalization; working within organizations; and manager’s perspective. Topics include strategic management accounting concepts and principles to occupational socialization, careers, and mobility. analysis and planning, marketing, financial manage- decision making. Prerequisite: BU235 or permission Prerequisite: SO101 or BU224 or permission of ment, control, organizational design, human behavior, of the instructor. Non-liberal arts. instructor. C. Berheide and communications. Students present individual written analyses and engage in group oral presentations. BU 307. FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING I 3 BU 316. DYNAMICS OF LEADERSHIP 3 Examines the generally accepted accounting Deals with people, productivity and motivation in BU 202. DYNAMICS OF THE FASHION principles related to the preparation of financial organizations. The course examines models of BUSINESS 3 statements, with particular emphasis on balance leadership, commitment and motivation, and explores Survey of the evolutionary nature of the fashion sheet valuations and their relationship to income group interactions and the resolution of conflicts. silhouette and home furnishings including oriental determination. The course also examines the concept Experiential exercises and readings form the primary rugs and antiques with special emphasis on social, of time-value of money; the application of present learning methods. Prerequisite: BU224 or permission cultural, and historical influences. Attention is given to value techniques to accounting valuations, and the of instructor. Non-liberal arts. fabrication, international designers, international valuation and disclosure problems associated with marketplaces, and the fabrication and marketing of cash, temporary investments, receivables, invento- BU 317. MARKETING RESEARCH 3 fashion related merchandise. Prerequisite: BU214 or ries, plant assets, intangible assets, and long-term Principles developed as a basis for independent permission of the instructor. Non-liberal arts. investments. Prerequisite: BU235. Non-liberal arts. investigations for a research agency. Prerequisites: BU214 and a course in statistics or permission of BU 205. FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS IN THE BU 308. FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING II 3 instructor. INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT 3 Continues the studies begun in BU 307 by exploring Examines the problems and issues that emerge as additional topics involving financial statement report- BU 324. AUDITING 3 nations and firms operate internationally. Macro- ing and disclosure. Covers the subjects of current A study of auditing concepts and procedures includ- economic determinants of trade will be analyzed in a liabilities, long-term liabilities, leases, and pensions. ing professional ethics and legal liability methods of global context. Emphasis will be placed on the effects Also studies the accounting for and reporting of verification and analysis as applied to asset, liability, this environment has on the decision making of situations peculiar to the corporate form of business equity, revenue, and expense accounts; and prepara- general managers. Prerequisite: BU107 or permis- organization. Special problems in income determina- tion of working papers and reports. Prerequisite: sion of the instructor. tion and reporting such as revenue recognition, BU308. Non-liberal arts. income taxes, and earnings per share are covered. BU 209. PERSONAL INCOME TAX 3 Other topics studied will include statement of BU 333. BUSINESS LAW I 3 A study of the federal tax structure and current laws changes in financial position, impact of changing A study of the origin of laws, the court system, and and regulations as applied to the individual taxpayer. prices, and financial statement analysis. Prerequisite: legal procedures with emphasis on their impact in Topics include income inclusions, exclusions, capital BU307. Non-liberal arts. business and economic situations, in-depth study of gains, deductions, and special tax devices. Non- the laws of contracts, agency, corporations, partner- liberal arts. BU 310. ADVANCED ACCOUNTING THEORY 3 ships, employment and labor law. Examination and Examines the financial reporting issues of multi- briefing of existing case law in these fields. BU 214. FOUNDATIONS OF MARKETING 3 national corporations. Included are international A comprehensive assessment of marketing’s accounting standards, accounting for foreign ex- BU 334. BUSINESS LAW II 3 dynamic role in contemporary global society. The change transactions, and issues relating to the A study of the laws of real property, sales, wills and course emphasizes the development of marketing preparation of consolidated statements with foreign estates, trusts, security instruments, mortgaging and strategies which reflect domestic and cross-national subsidiaries. The course also focuses on not-for- leaseholds, personal property, and bailments. Pre- competitive structures and diverse market place profit accounting including governmental and other requisite: BU333. realities. Topics include consumer analyses, target nonprofit institutions and agencies. Prerequisite: market identification, positioning, budgeting, and BU308. Non-liberal arts. BU 335 INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW 3 coordination of marketing mix elements. Prerequisite: A study of the legal aspects of international business BU107 or permission of instructor. BU 311. TAXATION OF CORPORATIONS AND transactions, including international legal institutions PARTNERSHIPS 3 and the business law of different countries. Topics BU 224. FOUNDATIONS OF A study of the current federal tax laws and regula- covered include international sales contracts, foreign ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR 3 tions as applied to corporations and partnerships. investment, licensing copyrights, trademarks, and The theoretical and experiential basis for the analysis Prerequisite: BU235 or permission of instructor. Non- patents, employment law, nationalization, and of individual, group and organizational behavior in liberal arts. methods of dispute resolution. Prerequisite: BU333 or both domestic and international contexts. Pre- GO306. requisite: BU107 or permission of instructor. BU 313. CONSUMER BEHAVIOR 3 Examination of the psychological, sociological, and BU 337. ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION 3 BU 234. FOUNDATIONS OF ACCOUNTING I 3 anthropological theories related to consumer deci- Theory and practices of advertising—special An examination of the process of accumulating sion-making, including industrial and not-for-profit emphasis on advertising and media planning, budget- accounting information for decision-makers outside marketing. Among the separate topics covered in the ing, advertising research, and sales promotion. the organization. The course focuses on the interpre- course are motivation, cognition, learning, group Prerequisite: BU214 or permission of instructor. tation and effective use of financial statements and behavior, value systems of cultures and subcultures, other financial data. Prerequisite: BU107 or permis- all interrelated with the formation of marketing strat- BU 341. INVESTMENTS 3 sion of instructor. egy. Prerequisite: BU214 or permission of instructor. An investigation of the concepts of security analysis and valuation and of the fundamentals of market BU 235. FOUNDATIONS OF ACCOUNTING II 3 BU 314. ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN AND analysis. Special attention will be paid to securities A study of the preparation, use and analysis of STRUCTURE 3 and security markets, risk-return characteristics of financial statements. The course also introduces Takes the macro-perspective of human resource investment types, and investment strategies including international accounting issues and focuses on the management and develops an understanding of the the use of convertible securities and options. Prereq- use of accounting information by managers for total organization. The students examine the theory uisites: BU235 and 342. planning, control and decision making. Managerial and acquire the skills necessary for the analysis and topics include manufacturing accounting, cost sys- design of organizational systems. Prerequisite: tems, budgeting, capital budgeting and responsibility BU224 or permission of instructor. accounting. Prerequisite: BU234. Non-liberal arts.

86 BU 342. FINANCE 3 BU 350. ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND BU 358. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT 3 Examines business and managerial finance as SMALL BUSINESS 3 Examines the theory and practice of human resource impacted by economic and public policy. Topics Designed to present problems faced by entrepre- management in the profit and nonprofit sectors from include financial theory, analysis of financial reports, neurs in developing, organizing and managing small a macro and micro perspective. Among topics cov- estimation of present and future funds requirements, businesses. The course will consider all functions ered are quality of work life, labor management determination of appropriate capital structure, evalua- relating to small business decisions. The case relations, diversity in the workplace, resource man- tion of financing alternatives, analysis of financial method will be used extensively. Student projects agement in a global environment, and recruitment, objectives and of investment and merger decisions. relating to the formation and/or management of small selection, and evaluation of personnel. Applications Some attention is given to the analysis of entrepre- business units will be required, primarily through of these concepts are encountered in designing and neurial and international financial planning and group analysis and presentations. These group administering personnel programs examined in this management. Prerequisites: BU235 and EC237. projects will require field consultation exercises with course such as compensation, benefits, professional owners/managers at small businesses. Prerequisite: development, and human resource information BU 343. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT 3 Business majors/minors or permission of instructor. systems. Prerequisite: BU224 or PS201 or SO101 Examines the instruments, institutions, and markets Non-liberal arts. which provide funds for investment by business BU 364. MANUFACTURING STRATEGY organizations. The course emphasizes the changing BU 351, 352. SPECIAL TOPICS IN BUSINESS AND AND INTERNATIONAL role of the financial intermediary and the means by MANAGEMENT 3, 3 COMPETITIVENESS 3 which securities are brought to market. Prerequisite: Advanced and special topics in business which Analyzes the critical role that manufacturing strategy BU342. Non-liberal arts. reflect areas of current relevance. This course allows plays in determining the overall competitiveness of a the student to study in depth an area only briefly business and of a nation. Macro and micro economic BU 344. INTERNATIONAL MARKETING 3 covered in the regular curriculum or to study an variables such as exchange rates and industrial Identification and analysis of the socioeconomic, advanced, currently relevant topic which would not financial systems will be examined along with techno- cultural, political, and technological forces within normally be covered in the regular course offerings. logical and scientific policies of business and govern- different international environments. The course will Topics will vary from semester to semester. May be ment. Prerequisites: BU205, 214. also cover the theory and practice of marketing repeated for credit with permission of department management across national borders including the chair. Prerequisites: Will vary each time the course is BU 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 development of marketing strategies by the interna- offered; there will always be some of the business Research or special project in business. Independent tional firm. Special topics such as technology trans- core required for this course. study provides an opportunity for a student already fer, international development, and marketing ethics well grounded in an area to pursue an interest which will be explored. Prerequisite: BU214 or permission BU 354. GLOBAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS 3 falls outside the domain of courses offered by the of instructor. Examines the history, role, and functions of financial department. The student should carefully define a institutions in the global environment. Focuses on the semester’s work that complements his or her back- BU 345. INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL management of financial institutions and the services ground, initiate a proposal with a study sponsor, and MANAGEMENT AND BANKING 3 provided by them to individuals, businesses, and obtain formal approval from the student’s sponsor Financial management of industrial firms and governments in the conduct of both domestic and and the department chair. Application to do such commercial banking in an international environment. international money and capital market activities and work in any semester should be made and approved Topics include the role of multinational industrial and fund transfers. Special emphasis is placed on the prior to registration for that semester. A student may banking corporations in world trade; managerial contributions of commercial banks to the economic or may not receive liberal arts credit for an indepen- theories and techniques of domestic and multina- growth and development of nations and the world dent study, at the discretion of both the department tional corporations; the impact of foreign currency, economy. chair and the registrar (and, in exceptional instances, control requirements, and socioeconomic and politi- the Curriculum Committee of the College). Prerequi- cal regulations on multinational corporations. Non- BU 355. BUSINESS, ETHICS AND SOCIETY 3 sites: BU205,214, 224, 235, 342, and permission of liberal arts. An interdisciplinary approach to the role of business department. in American society including ethical obligations to BU 346. SALES AND MERCHANDISING employees, consumers, stockholders and others, and BU 373. SENIOR THESIS 3 MANAGEMENT 3 corporate responsibility in the community. Emphasis Advanced research paper in business. All completed This course examines the historical, societal, legal, will be on application of ethics to actual business theses must be defended before the Management and technological framework that affects the planning situations. Although readings in philosophy, govern- and Business Department faculty. and implementation of strategies in professional ment, and social issues will be assigned, this is a sales and merchandising within specific industrial, case-study course. Prerequisite: BU107 or permis- BU 376. BUSINESS ISSUES 3 institutional, and international environments. Prereq- sion of instructor. Discussion, investigation, and analytical report on uisite: BU 107 or permission of instructor. contemporary business issues. BU 356. PRACTICAL BUSINESS APPLICATIONS FOR THE NEW BU 382. RETAIL MANAGEMENT 3 BU 347. COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT 3 MANAGER 3 Retail management policies in the light of personnel Contemporary issues in comparative management, A practical business skills course emphasizing training, buying, store operation—receiving, addressed through the paradigms of cultural anthro- everyday business problems and issues that the new stockkeeping, store systems, customer services— pology, organizational theory, and area studies. This manager or management staff member will encounter selling, sales promotion, and expense control. Pre- course focuses on two questions: the extent to which and to which he or she must adapt. Stress will be requisite: BU235 or permission of instructor. management theory is influenced by cultural and placed on written and verbal role playing as well as regional variables, and the extent to which key interactive student discussion. Readings will deal with BU 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP management processes can transcend cultural current events and the writings of corporate commen- IN BUSINESS 3 or 6 boundaries. Open to juniors and seniors. Pre- tators. Non-liberal arts. Professional experience at an advanced level for requisites: BU214, 224, and 342 or permission of juniors and seniors with substantial academic instructor. Non-liberal arts. BU 357. BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY 3 experience in business. With faculty sponsorship Examination of interrelationships between business and department approval, students may extend their BU 349. BUSINESS POLICY 3 and public policy making. Investigation of how public educational experience into areas of business related Provides the final, integrating experience for the policy affects business and how business influences to their academic course work. BU399 cannot be student. The course covers all of the functional are public policy decisions, from the different perspec- counted as one of the 300-level elective courses as the student has studied—marketing, finance, tives of business people, government officials, required of the business major. No student may control systems, organizational behavior—but views nonbusiness interest groups, and the public. Ex- earn more than six semester hours of BU399. them from the integrating perspective of a general amples of policy issues include environment, health, Non-liberal arts. manager operating in a global environment. Pre- land use, and taxation. Recommended preparation: requisites: BU205, 214, 224, 235, and 342. Open BU107 and GO101. only to seniors.

87 INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJOR: For a CH 107H. INTENSIVE GENERAL CHEMISTRY 4 Chemistry biology-chemistry major, see page 142. Basic concepts of chemistry will be presented with emphasis on atomic and molecular structures, The majors lead to a bachelor of arts degree. periodicity of properties, structure-property relation- Chair of the Department of Chemistry and ship, basic principles and laws governing solid, liquid, Physics: William J. Standish, Ph.D. THE CHEMISTRY MINOR: Students minoring gas phase as well as solution reactions, chemical in chemistry are required to complete seven kinetics, and equilibria. The lab experiments provide Chemistry Faculty: courses in the department including: CH105, practical applications of the basic principles of chem- Professors: Raymond J. Giguere, Dr. rer. nat.; 106, and 303 and four from among 221, 222, istry. Prerequisites: two years of high-school chemis- Vasantha Narasimhan, Ph.D. 315, 332, 333, 341 and 342. The four elected try, QR1. Three hours of lecture-discussion and three courses must be approved by the student’s hours of lab a week. (This is an Honors course. It Associate Professor: Judith A. Halstead, Ph.D. chemistry advisor before they can be counted fulfills part of lab science requirement, qualifies as Assistant Professor: Steven A. Tysoe, Ph.D.; toward the minor program. nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement, and Steven T. Frey, Ph.D. fulfills QR2 requirement.) V. Narasimhan CH 101. FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY 3 Senior Teaching Associates: Janis S. Ritorto, An introductory course for students with little or no CH 110. CHEMISTRY OF FOODS AND B.A.; Anne M. Wagner, M.A. background in chemistry. It will emphasize the FLAVORS 4 “language of chemistry” and will develop an ability to A study of the chemical makeup of food and nutri- The department offers both a major and a visualize processes on an atomic and molecular ents, and their biochemical functions. Different food minor in chemistry, and a major in chemistry level. The problem sessions will further the students’ processing techniques and their effects on the with a biochemistry concentration. The require- skills in solving algebraic problems. While the course chemical, physical and biological properties of food ments for each course of study follow. is primarily designed for those who wish to continue will be discussed. The chemical basis of flavor, in science, it would also be appropriate for those who composition of some common flavor ingredients, and THE CHEMISTRY MAJOR: Students majoring wish a one-semester survey of the subject. May not the role of flavor in nutrient assimilation will be in chemistry are required to: be used to satisfy major or minor requirements in explored. Three hours of lecture and three hours of chemistry or biology-chemistry. Prerequisite: QR1. lab per week. Prerequisite: QR1. (Qualifies as nature- 1. Fulfill the general College requirements (Fulfills QR2 requirement; qualifies as nature-A [non- B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) listed on page 46. lab] course for breadth requirement.) V. Narasimhan 2. Complete the following: CH 103. FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY CH 214. DESCRIPTIVE INORGANIC a. a core curriculum consisting of CH105, WITH LAB 4 CHEMISTRY 4 106 (or 107 and 214*), 221, 222, 303, 332, This course supplements the lectures of Chemistry A systematic study of the chemical and physical 333; one course from among 371, 372, 101 with a lab experience. Experiments are per- properties of the elements. Emphasis will be on 375; 377 and 378; and two 300-level formed which illustrate the concepts presented in the structural and electronic correlations as predictors. electives. lecture and problem sessions. May not be used to The role of metal atoms in systems of industrial and biological significance will be discussed. Three hours b. MA111, 113. satisfy major or minor requirements in chemistry or biology-chemistry. Prerequisite: QR1. (Fulfills part of of lecture-discussion per week and three hours of lab. c. PY207, 208. lab science requirement; qualifies as nature-B [lab] Prerequisite: CH106 or 107 or permission of the instructor. S. Frey THE CHEMISTRY MAJOR WITH course for breadth requirement; also fulfills QR2 requirement.) S. Tysoe, A. Wagner BIOCHEMISTRY CONCENTRATION: CH 221. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY I 5 Students choosing the biochemistry concentra- The structures, physical properties, reactivity, and tion within the chemistry major are required to: CH 105. CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES I 4 Fundamental concepts of chemistry are presented. reaction mechanisms of aliphatic and aromatic 1. Fulfill the general College requirements Emphasis is placed upon atomic and molecular hydrocarbons are investigated. The lab introduces listed on page 46. structure, physical and chemical properties related to the student to synthesis, purification, and chemical structure, periodic relationships, mass relationships, and spectroscopic methods of characterizing organic 2. Complete the following: thermochemistry, and properties of solutions. The lab compounds. Prerequisite: CH106 or 107. Three a. a core curriculum consisting of CH experiments provide applications of the principles. hours of lecture-discussion, and four hours of lab a week. R. Giguere, J. Ritorto 105, 106 (or 107 and 214*), 221, 222, Prerequisite: high-school algebra (two years) and chemistry (one year), or CH101 or 103; and QR1. 330 or 332, 341, 342, 377, 378; 371 or CH 222. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY II 5 372; and one 300-level elective. Three hours of lecture-discussion and three hours of lab a week. (Fulfills part of lab science requirement; The structure, physical properties, reactivity, and b. BI190 and two additional biology qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth require- reaction mechanisms of important organic functional courses at or above the 200 level. ment; also fulfills QR2 requirement.) groups are investigated. The lab work focuses on V. Narasimhan, S. Tysoe, J. Ritorto, A.Wagner structure determination and synthesis projects. c. MA111, 113. Prerequisite: CH221. Three hours of lecture- d. PY207, 208. CH 106. CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES II 4 discussion and four hours of lab a week. *Students with advanced preparation in high- Both theoretical and descriptive aspects of the R. Giguere, J. Ritorto school chemistry may enter the CH107, 214 chemistry of electrolytic solutions will be explored. The lecture material will be applied in the lab to the CH 230. PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 3 sequence rather than the CH105, 106 se- The structure of matter in the gaseous, liquid, and quence. problems of inorganic synthesis, quantitative chemis- try, and analytical separations. Prerequisite: CH105. solid states, the energy changes accompanying Students planning to pursue graduate work Three hours of lecture-discussion and three hours of chemical reactions, and the rates of reactions will be should also take MA202. lab a week. (Fulfills part of lab science requirement.) studied. Particular emphasis will be given to the S. Tysoe, J. Ritorto, A. Wagner application of physical chemical principles to systems American Chemical Society certification is of interest in the life sciences. Prerequisite : CH106 available for both of the above courses of or 107. Three hours of lecture-discussion and a one- study. Interested students should consult the hour problem session each week. department chair concerning any additional requirements.

88 CH 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN CH 332. THERMODYNAMICS (with lab) 5 CH 377, 378. SENIOR SEMINAR IN CHEMISTRY CHEMISTRY 3 or 6 The fundamental principles and concepts of equilib- AND BIOCHEMISTRY 1,1 Internship opportunity for students whose curricular rium thermodynamics including entropy, energy, Seminar courses designed to teach communication foundations and cocurricular experience have pre- temperature, heat, work, and chemical potential. skills relating to scientific research. The courses pared them for professional work related to the major Applications include chemical reactions, phase include presentations by guest speakers, faculty and field. With faculty sponsorship and departmental changes, environmental science, and biochemical students, as well as discussions of the current approval, students may extend their educational systems. Lab experiments provide opportunities for chemical literature. These courses are offered on experience into such areas as chemical research, quantitative experimental investigation of thermody- a satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis only and are environmental or material science, or chemical namic systems, including studies of heat exchange, required of all senior chemistry majors. Each of these engineering. Prerequisite: complete CH106 or 214. chemical equilibrium, and phase equilibrium. Three courses may be repeated once for credit. hours of lecture-discussion and four hours of lab a CH 301. POLYMER CHEMISTRY 3 week. Prerequisites: CH222 or 303, MA113. CH 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN Introduction to all types of polymers with emphasis on Corequisite: PY208. J. Halstead CHEMISTRY 3, 6 or 9 organic polymers. Mechanisms of polymerization Professional experience at an advanced level for reactions, the characterization of products, and the CH 333. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS AND juniors and seniors with substantial academic and technological application of polymers will be dis- STRUCTURE (with lab) 5 cocurricular experience in the major field. With faculty cussed. Additionally, the student will be introduced The fundamental principles of kinetic theory, reaction sponsorship and Department of Chemistry and systematically to the historical and current literature kinetics, statistical thermodynamics, chemical appli- Physics approval, students may extend their educa- in the field. Prerequisite: CH222. cation of quantum mechanics, bonding, molecular tional experience into such areas as chemical re- spectroscopy and structure. Lab and computer based search, environmental or material science, or CH 303. MODERN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 5 experiments provide an opportunity for quantitative chemical engineering. Only three semester hours This course describes modern analytical chemistry experimental investigation of phenomena such as may count toward the major. Prerequisites: CH303 techniques for the separation and identification of reaction rates, transport properties, bonding, and and one additional 300-level course in chemistry. chemical entities with an emphasis on instrumental spectroscopy. Three hours of lecture-discussion, four methods. Sampling techniques and statistical treat- hours of lab a week.Prerequisite: CH332 or permis- ES 101. FIELD STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL ment of data are also discussed. Prerequisites: sion of the department. J. Halstead SCIENCE CH222 and PY208. Three hours of lecture-discussion See environmental studies minor on page 103 for and four hours of lab a week. S. Tysoe, A. Wagner CH 341. BIOCHEMISTRY: MACROMOLECULAR description. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION 5 CH 315. ADVANCED INORGANIC A study of the organic, physical, and biological CHEMISTRY 3 chemistry of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic Modern theories of chemical bonding will be applied acids, and enzymes. The biosynthesis of nucleic to explain the structures and properties of inorganic acids and proteins is also discussed. The lab in- systems. Extensive discussion of current fields of cludes modern techniques for the purification and inorganic research will illustrate the theories. Pre- identification of biomolecules. Prerequisite: CH222. requisite: CH303 and 332. Three hours of lecture a Three hours of lecture-discussion and four hours of week. S. Frey lab a week. V. Narasimhan

CH 324. ADVANCED ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 5 CH 342. BIOCHEMISTRY: INTERMEDIARY Advanced synthetic methodology and mechanistic METABOLISM 3 theory of organic chemistry will be studied. Pre- Intermediary metabolism, bioenergetics, and the requisite: CH222. Three hours of lecture and four nature of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are discussed. hours of lab a week. R. Giguere Prerequisite: CH341. Three hours of lecture-discus- sion a week. V. Narasimhan CH 330. THERMODYNAMICS (without lab) 3 CH 351, 352. SPECIAL TOPICS IN CHEMISTRY 3, 3 The fundamental principles and concepts of equilib- Advanced topics in chemistry will be offered to either rium thermodynamics including entropy, energy, small groups of students or on an individual basis, temperature, heat, work, and chemical potential. allowing the student to study in depth areas of the Applications include chemical reactions, phase science which are not covered in the regular course changes, environmental science, and biochemical offerings. Prerequisite: CH222 and permission of the systems. Three hours of lecture-discussion per week. department. This nonlab course may be used to satisfy a require- ment for the biochemistry major but may not be used CH 371, 372. RESEARCH IN CHEMISTRY 3, 3 to satisfy any requirements for the chemistry major. An opportunity for qualified students to pursue CH330 is the same as the lecture-discussion compo- research in any field of chemistry under the super- nent of CH332. Prerequisites: CH106, MA113, vision of a member of the department. Prerequisite: PY207. Corequisite: PY208. J. Halstead permission of the department.

CH 331. MOLECULAR DYNAMICS AND CH 375. LITERATURE INVESTIGATION IN STRUCTURE (without lab) 3 CHEMISTRY 3 The fundamental principles of kinetic theory, reaction Students prepare an in-depth written report on a kinetics, statistical thermodynamics, chemical appli- current topic in chemistry or biochemistry. The cation of quantum mechanics, bonding, molecular chemical literature is investigated by both traditional spectroscopy and structure. Three hours of lecture- methods and modern computer-based techniques. discussion a week.Prerequisite: CH332 or permission Individual and group conferences throughout the of the department. J. Halstead semester, as well as oral presentations are required. Prerequisite: Permission of the department.

89 THE CLASSICS MAJOR: A minimum of nine CL 202. INTERMEDIATE LATIN II 3 Classics courses beyond the elementary language level Readings from Vergil’s Aeneid or Ovid’s Metamor- are required for the major. They must include phoses. Prerequisite: CL201 or permission of the the following: chair. Chair of the Classics Department: Michael Arnush, Ph.D. 1. Reading proficiency of Greek or Latin at the CL 301. SEMINAR IN LATIN POETRY AND advanced level, demonstrated by comple- DRAMA 3 Associate Professor: Michael Arnush, Ph.D. tion of two of the following: CL301, 302, Advanced reading and critical examination in Latin of 307, or 308. Study in both Greek and Latin the works of one of the following Latin poets or Lecturers: Daniel Curley, A.M.; Leslie is highly desirable. dramatists: Catullus, Horace, Juvenal, Lucretius, Mechem, B.A. Plautus, Ovid, Terence, or Vergil. This course may be 2. CL200 Affiliated Faculty: taken more than once. Prerequisite: CL202 or per- 3. Two courses in area studies, neither from mission of the chair. Art and Art History: Penny Jolly the same cluster: English: Kate Greenspan A. Classical Literature in Translation: CL 302. SEMINAR IN LATIN PROSE Foreign Languages and Literatures: Marc- \ LITERATURE 3 CL220, 222, 224, 226. André Wiesmann Advanced reading and critical examination in Latin of Government: Timothy Burns B. Ancient Art History: AH212, 222, 223, the works of one of the following Latin prose authors: History: David Baum 232. Caesar, Cicero, Livy, Petronius, Pliny, Suetonius, or Philosophy and Religion: Nicola Denzey, C. Greek and Roman History, Philosophy Tacitus. This course may be taken more than once. Prerequisite: CL202 or permission of the chair. Francisco Gonzalez or Religion: HI201, 202; LS2 124, 156, 180; PH203; RE201, 202 The mission of the Classics Department is to 4. Two 300-level courses: GREEK help shape the future of our students through A. CL365 the study of the past. By using interdisciplinary CL 103. ELEMENTARY GREEK I 4 methodologies, students examine and B. One from CL371, 372, 390; AH376A; An introductory course in the essentials of the Greek explicate the languages, literatures, histories, GO303; HI301, 361F, 375F; PH327A, language, with emphasis upon mastery of grammar, religions, cultures, art, and artifacts of the 327B. syntax, and vocabulary. peoples of the ancient Mediterranean. CL 104. ELEMENTARY GREEK II 4 Students apply multi- and cross-cultural HONORS: To be considered for honors in perspectives to gender, ethnic, and social A continuation of CL103, completing the study of classics, a student must, in addition to fulfilling grammar and syntax and reading selected prose of issues in order to gain insight into the cultures College requirements for departmental honors, Plato or Xenophon. Prerequisite: CL103 or permis- of the classical world. In reading Greek and receive a grade of at least an A-on an honors sion of the chair. Latin prose and poetry, both in the original research paper in either CL365 or in an languages and in translation, students advanced Greek or Latin course. Specific CL 205. INTERMEDIATE GREEK I 3 contextualize works of literature in their larger requirements for the paper are established by A review of Greek syntax, complemented by reading cultural and historical settings and recognize the department. selected dialogues by Plato. Prerequisite: CL104 or their significance in the past and their rel- permission of the chair. evance for the present and future. Students THE CLASSICS MINOR: A minimum of seven CL 206. INTERMEDIATE GREEK II 3 conduct research by traditional and digital courses beyond the elementary language level methods in order to present oral and written Readings from at least two books of Homer’s Iliad or are required for the minor. They must include Odyssey. Prerequisite: CL205 or permission of the arguments supported by primary sources, the following: theoretical constructs, and established chair. scholarship. In acquiring these critical and 1. Reading proficiency of Greek or Latin at the analytical skills, classics majors prepare advanced level, demonstrated by comple- CL 307. SEMINAR IN GREEK POETRY AND DRAMA 3 themselves for life beyond college both on the tion of either CL301, 302, 307, or 308. Advanced reading and critical examination in Greek personal and professional level. Professional 2. Four courses from the group listed in (3) of the works of one of the following Greek poets or opportunities can include careers in education, above. dramatists: Aeschylos, Aristophanes, Bacchylides, communication, arts, law and government, 3. Two of the courses must be on the 300 Euripides, Hesiod, Homer, Pindar, Sophocles, or and library sciences. level (a second semester of advanced Latin Theocritos. This course may be taken more than or Greek may be used to satisfy one of the once. Prerequisite: CL206 or permission of the chair. Both a major and a minor are available in 300 level requirements). classics. Skidmore is a member of the CL 308. SEMINAR IN GREEK PROSE Intercollegiate Center for Classical Studies in LITERATURE 3 Rome, which offers juniors the opportunity to Majors and minors are encouraged to study Advanced reading and critical examination in Greek study classical antiquity in Italy. Other semes- the modern languages (French, German, and of the works of one of the following Greek prose ter and summer study programs in Italy, Italian) in which there is an abundance of authors: Aristotle, Demosthenes, Herodotos, Lysias, Greece, and other countries may be arranged scholarship available in classics. Plato, Thucydides, or selections from the New with the help of the chair of classics. Students Testament. This course may be taken more than once. Prerequisite: CL206 or permission of the chair. may fulfill the foreign language requirement by successfully completing Intermediate Latin II or LATIN Intermediate Greek II. CL 105. INTENSIVE ELEMENTARY LATIN 4 CLASSICAL STUDIES Intensive study of grammar and syntax designed to prepare the student to read Latin. This course meets CL 200. THE CLASSICAL WORLD 3 five hours per week and covers one year of elemen- An introduction to classical antiquity for students tary Latin in one semester. This course will be offered interested in ancient Greece and Rome, the impact of every fall semester. antiquity on Medieval and Renaissance Europe, and a general background in the Western tradition. This CL 201. INTERMEDIATE LATIN I 3 interdisciplinary course taught by a team of faculty A review of Latin syntax, complemented by reading members from several departments and programs selected works by such authors as Caesar, Cicero, or includes studies in literature (epic, dramatic, and lyric Livy. Prerequisite: CL102, 105, or permission of the poetry, rhetoric, and fiction), history and historiogra- chair. phy, art and architecture, philosophy and political 90 theory, and science and mathematics. (Fulfills LS2 requirement.) CL 220. CLASSICAL MYTHOLOGY 3 THE COMPUTER SCIENCE MINOR: A study of the important myths in Greek and Roman Computer Science Students minoring in computer science fulfill culture, with attention to their religious, psychological, the departmental requirements by completing and historical origins. Comparative mythology, CS106, 206, MC115, and three additional CS structural analysis, modern psychological interpreta- Chair of the Department of Mathematics and or MC courses, at most one of which may be tions and the development of classical myths in Computer Science: R. Daniel Hurwitz, Ph.D. at the 100 level, and at least one of which Western literature and art receive attention. (Fulfills Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty: must be at the 300 level. For one of the three arts-B component of breadth requirement.) additional courses the student may instead Professors: Robert DeSieno, Ph.D.; R. Daniel take, with permission of the department, a CL 222. GREEK DRAMA 3 Hurwitz, Ph.D.; Mark E. Huibregtse, Ph.D.; Readings in translation of some of the tragedies of course in another discipline that has substan- Aeschylos, Sophocles, and Euripides and the Associate Professors: Richard Speers, Ph.D.; tial computer science content (for example, comedies of Aristophanes, in the context of Athenian Pierre von Kaenel, Ph.D.; Mark Hofmann, PY207 Workshop Physics). society in the fifth century B.C. (Fulfills arts-B compo- Ph.D.; Una Bray, Ph.D.; Alice M. Dean, Ph.D.; nent of breadth requirement.) Gove W. Effinger, Ph.D.; David C. Vella, Ph.D. Students interested in learning how to use Lecturer: *Frank Clark, M.S. computers to solve problems in the quantita- CL 224. THE HERO(INE)’S TALE: TRADITIONS tive disciplines should consider the courses: OF GREEK AND ROMAN EPIC 3 CS103,105,106, MS104. Readings in translation of the great epic poets of the THE COMPUTER SCIENCE MAJOR: Students majoring in computer science fulfill Greek and Roman worlds, focusing on a comparative NOTE: Courses numbered CS103 through CS372 the departmental requirements by completing study of the works of Homer and Vergil. (Fulfills arts- have as a prerequisite QR1 or permission of the B component of breadth requirement.) the following: department. 1. Required computer science courses: CS CL 226. GREEK AND ROMAN 106, 206, 318, 321, 306, and 330. CS 103. STRUCTURED PROGRAMMING IN HISTORIOGRAPHY 3 BASIC 3 Readings in translation of the great chroniclers of 2. Required mathematics courses: MC 115 Introduction to the use of computer programming as history from the Greek and Roman worlds: Greek, plus any of the following chosen in consul- a problem-solving tool. Students learn to design and the works of Herodotos (the father of history), tation with the student's advisor: MA 111, implement their own Windows software applications Thucydides and Xenophon; Roman, the works of 113, 200, or MS 104. using the Visual BASIC language. The course Livy, Polybius, and Tacitus. The course will focus on 3. Electives: Three CS or MC courses at the stresses the logic of software design and the careful the methodology of writing history, comparative implementation and testing of programs. Primarily for studies, and modern interpretations. 200 level or above. (Currently this includes CS 276, 340, 371, 372, 376, 381, 382, and students with little or no programming experience. 399, and MC 302 and 316. CS 276 and Not open to students who have taken or are taking CL 365. TOPICS IN CLASSICAL STUDIES 3 CS 106. (Fulfills QR2 requirement) The Department Selected aspects of classical antiquity that embrace 376 may be taken more than once for both the Greek and Roman worlds. Topics will vary credit if offered with different topics.) For CS 105. APPLICATIONS OF from year to year based upon the instructor’s special- one of the three electives the student may MICROCOMPUTERS 3 ization and interests. Courses may include such instead take, with permission of the depart- An introduction to the use of microcomputers, operat- topics as women in antiquity, sex in the ancient ment, a course in another discipline that ing systems, and spreadsheet software to write and world, classical poetics, and ancient historiography. has substantial computer science content test elementary algorithms, solve quantitative prob- (for example, PY 207 Workshop Physics). lems, and design and test computer-based models. CL 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3,3 (Fulfills QR 2 requirement.) The Department Individual research in any aspect of classics not HONORS: Students wishing to qualify for available in existing course offerings, which results CS 106. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER in a written work. Supervised by a member of the departmental honors in the computer science SCIENCE I 3 classics faculty. Prerequisite: Approval of the major must: 1) complete all departmental Design and testing of algorithms for the solution of director. requirements for the computer science major problems with the aid of a computer using C++ and have a grade point average of 3.5 or language. The course guides students through CL 390. THESIS 3 higher for all course work (MA, MC, and CS) syntax, semantics, design procedures, control struc- The senior student will undertake a substantial taken in the department, together with PY207 tures, data structures and testing of conditions with advanced research project in any aspect of classics if taken as an elective with permission of the Boolean expressions. (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) which will result in a written thesis of approximately department; 2) have a grade-point average of The Department fifty pages. Supervised by a member of the classics 3.0 for all course work taken at Skidmore; faculty. Prerequisite: Approval of the chair. 3) file with the department, by the end of the MC 115. INTRODUCTION TO DISCRETE official add-drop period of the spring semester MATHEMATICS 3 CL 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN of the senior year, a declaration of intention to An introduction to the study of discrete (as opposed CLASSICS 3 or 6 to continuous) mathematical systems.These include Professional experience at an advanced level for qualify for honors; and 4) submit an honors thesis or project to be read by a review com- systems that are essential in computer science as juniors and seniors with substantial academic and well as in more advanced mathematics courses. cocurricular experience in the major field. With faculty mittee, and give an oral presentation of the Mathematical reasoning and algorithms are funda- sponsorship and departmental approval, students thesis or project to the department. The review mental themes of the course. Topics include logic may extend their educational experience into such committee will evaluate the thesis or project to and sets, complexity of algorithms, computer arith- areas as education, communication, the arts, librar- determine if it is of the exceptional quality metic, arrays, mathematical proofs and induction, ies, and law and government. Does not count toward which merits honors; the committee’s recom- elementary combinatorics, and discrete probability, the major. Must be taken S/U. mendation will be submitted to the department graphs, and trees. Prerequisite: high school prepara- for final adjudication. tion including intermediate algebra or consent of department. (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) The Department

91 CS 206. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER CS 340. COMPUTER MODELING OF SCIENCE II 3 PHYSICAL SYSTEMS 3 Dance Continuation of CS 106: study of recursion, pointers, The study of physical systems and natural law development strategies for large software projects, with the aid of computers and simulation software. and introduction to data structures, analysis of Students explore the relationships between theoreti- Chair of the Department of Exercise Science, algorithms, and program verification. Prerequisite: cal scientific expression and behavior in nature by Dance, and Athletics: Jeffrey Segrave, Ph.D. CS106 or permission of instructor. The Department designing algorithms that probe experimental data, Director of the Dance Program: Mary DiSanto- by examining cause and effect relationships in CS 276. SELECTED TOPICS IN COMPUTER physical systems, and by examining the conse- Rose, Ed.D. SCIENCE 3 quences of diverse variation in simulated conditions Dance Faculty: Topics that complement the established lower level for ideal and non-ideal systems. Prerequisites: Associate Professors: Isabel H. Brown, M.S.; course offerings in computer science will be selected. PY207, 208, CS106. The Department Mary DiSanto-Rose, Ed.D.; Debra May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: permission Fernandez, B.A.; Denise Warner Limoli of instructor. The Department CS 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 Special study in computing outside of the regular Lecturers: *Adriana Markovska, M.M.; *Tina MC 302. GRAPH THEORY 3 departmental offerings. Prerequisite: consent of Baird, B.A.; *Patricia Henderer An introduction to the theory and application of department. Non-liberal arts. The Department Artist-in-Residence: Yacub Addy graphs. Topics may include graphs and digraphs, connectivity, trees, Euler and Hamiltonian cycles, CS 376. ADVANCED TOPICS IN COMPUTER Dance Musicians: Judith Fitzner-Atchinson, and graph embeddings. Prerequisite: MC115 or SCIENCE 3 M.M.; Patricia Hadfield, B.M.; Carol Ann Elze MA200 or permission of the instructor. Fall 2000 and Advanced topics that complement the established alternate years. The Department course offerings in computer science will be selected. Dance Theater Technical Director: Lori May be repeated for credit. Prerequisite: permission Dawson, M.F.A. MC 306. THEORY OF COMPUTATION 3 of instructor. The Department A study of the major theoretical models of computa- The Department of Exercise Science, Dance, tion. Topics include automata, nondeterminism, CS 381, 382. SENIOR THESIS 3,3 and Athletics provides a range of curricular regular and context-free languages, Turing machines, Optional for computer science majors. Recom- and cocurricular programs for students, unsolvability, computational complexity, and NP- mended for those working toward professional including: completeness. Prerequisite: MC115 and CS106, or careers or graduate study in computer science, and permission of instructor. The Department those seeking to satisfy the criteria for departmental 1. Opportunities to major or minor in exercise honors. science (see p. 104) or dance, or pursue MC 316. NUMERICAL ANALYSIS 3 an interdepartmental major in dance- An introduction to using computation to obtain ap- CS 399. INTERNSHIP IN COMPUTER theater (see p. 143); proximate solutions to mathematical problems. A SCIENCE 3 or 6 2. Experiences through which majors and variety of algorithms are studied, as are the limita- Professional experience at an advanced level for nonmajors can develop an appreciation for tions of using computational methods. Topics include juniors and seniors with substantial academic experi- and an understanding of human algorithms for solving equations, systems, and ence in computer science and mathematics. movement, performance, and the art of differential equations; approximating functions and With faculty sponsorship and departmental approval, integrals; curve fitting; round-off errors, and conver- students may extend their educational experience in dance; gence of algorithms. Prerequisites: CS106 and computer science, software engineering, or applied 3. Opportunities to develop competence in MA111 or permission of instructor. Offered in 1999 mathematics. Prerequisites: MC115, CS206, one various individual, lifetime, and team and alternate years. The Department additional course in mathematics or computer sports; and science at the 200 level or above, and permission CS 318. INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER of the department. Non-liberal arts. 4. A variety of intercollegiate, intramural, and ORGANIZATION 3 club opportunities. An introduction to multi-level machines, including basic components of a computer, digital circuits, THE MAJOR IN DANCE: The technical and microprogramming, machine and assembly lan- theoretical study of classical ballet and mod- guages, and operating systems. Prerequisite: CS206 ern/contemporary dance provides the neces- and MC115. The Department sary foundation for the major in dance. This study is supported by opportunities for techni- CS 321. DATA STRUCTURES 3 cal and theoretical training in a number of The study of advanced data structures such as trees, multi-linked lists, hash tables, and graphs. Additional Western and Eastern dance forms. Students topics may include searching, sorting, and the con- select a specific area of study within the major: cepts of object-oriented programming. Prerequisite: general dance, performance/choreography, or MC115 and CS206. The Department dance history/criticism. The major leads to a bachelor of science degree. CS 330. PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 3 An introduction to different programming language Areas of Study paradigms: functional, logic, and object-oriented programming. Students will also study language General Dance: concepts such as regular expressions, syntax gram- 1. Eighteen semester hours of technique to mars, and semantics. Specific topics may include include at least four semester hours out- Perl, egrep, Scheme, Lex & Yacc, Java, C++ and side the primary discipline. Prolog. Prerequisite: CS206. The Department 2. Sixteen semester hours of theory to include DA227, 228 and 230. Performance/Choreography: 1. Sixteen semester hours of technique to include at least four semester hours out- side the primary discipline. 2. Twelve semester hours of theory to include DA227, 228, and 230. 3. Six semester hours of workshop/production. 92 Dance History/Criticism: DA 212, 213. NON-WESTERN DANCE MODERN DANCE TECHNIQUE COURSES— 1. Eighteen semester hours of technique to FORMS I † 1,1 Modern Dance Faculty Studies of various non-Western dance forms and include at least four semester hours out- techniques. The following courses are offered peri- side the primary discipline. Course numbers for the following courses are odically depending on faculty availability and may determined by class standing. 2. Sixteen semester hours of theory to include include: DA230, 335, and 376. A. Bharata Natyam I (South India—Classical DM 111/112, 121/122, 131/132, 141/142. MODERN Dance) DANCE I 2 or 3, 2 or 3 B. Kathak (North India—Classical Dance) INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJOR: In Study of technique stressing unique quality of mod- C. Hawaiian Dance ern dance, beginning level. Non-liberal arts. conjunction with the Theater Department, D. African Dance the Department of Exercise Science, Dance, E. T’ai Chi DM 211/212, 221/222, 231/232, 241/242. MODERN and Athletics offers a major in dance-theater. F. Yoga Non-liberal arts. DANCE II 2 or 3, 2 or 3 See Interdepartmental Majors, page 143. Theory and style — continuation of technical study, DA 301, 302. WESTERN DANCE FORMS II † 1,1 low intermediate and intermediate level. Non-liberal THE MINOR IN DANCE: The following courses are offered periodically de- arts. pending on faculty availability: 1. Required courses in department: DA230; A. Pointe II DM 311/312, 321/322, 331/332, 341/342. MODERN and fourteen semester hours to include at B. Character II DANCE III 2 or 3, 2 or 3 least one experience outside the primary C. Jazz II Continued theory and style, high intermediate techni- discipline; and an additional theory or D. Modern Special III/IV cal study. Non-liberal arts. workshop/production course (totaling 19-20 E. Ballet Special III/IV semester hours). Pointe class may only be taken along with a Ballet II, DM 351/352, 361/362, 381/382, 391/392. MODERN 2. Two of the required courses in dance must III, or IV technique class. Non-liberal arts. DANCE IV 2 or 3, 2 or 3 be at the 300 level. Advanced theory and style, technical study. By permission. Non-liberal arts. 3. Students should declare their minors by fall DA 303, 304. NON-WESTERN DANCE semester of the junior year. FORMS II † 1,1 The following courses are offered periodically de- WORKSHOP/PRODUCTION pending on faculty availability and may include: GUEST ARTISTS: Each year outstanding Bharata Natyam II (South India—Classical DB 393, 394. BALLET WORKSHOP † 2, 2 artists are brought to the campus to teach, Dance) Non-liberal arts. Students apply their technique to rehearsal and lecture, conduct workshops and set dance performance of choreographic material created by pieces on the dance students. faculty members and qualified students, with an BALLET TECHNIQUE COURSES — emphasis on learning basic production elements. By Ballet Faculty permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. D. Fernandez, D. Limoli DANCE TECHNIQUE COURSES — Dance Faculty DB 101, 102. INTRODUCTION TO BALLET 2 or 3, 2 or 3 DM 393, 394. MODERN DANCE WORKSHOP † 2, 2 Arts requirement (Class of 2000): One three- Style, repertory, production, advanced choreography. semester-hour course or two dance courses Applied basic vocabulary of ballet for the beginner student. The class stresses proper body alignment, The emphasis of the workshop may vary according (ballet, improvisation, modern, Western, and/or coordination and conditioning. Non-liberal arts. to the style and experience of the teacher. Extra non-Western) in successive terms totaling rehearsals to be arranged as needed. By permission two-, three-, or four-semester hours will meet Course numbers for the following courses are and/or audition. Non-liberal arts. M. DiSanto-Rose the arts requirement, as will DA228 or 328. determined by class standing. Breadth requirement (Classes of 2001, 2002, 2003): DA210-213, DB101/102, DB111-142, DB 111/112, 121/122, 131/132, 141/142. BALLET I DANCE THEORY DB211-242, DM111-142, DM211-242 may be — ELEMENTARY 2 or 3, 2 or 3 taken to fulfill arts-A component of breadth Expanded study in basic vocabulary and technique of DA 227. IMPROVISATION I 2 requirement. DA227, 228, or 230 may be ballet with the prerequisite of Introduction to Ballet or Experiences in the spontaneous use of movement taken to fulfill arts-B component of breadth previous training. Non-liberal arts. in structures derived from movement concepts, imagery, props, and media sources. Designed to help requirement. DB 211/212, 221/222, 231/232, 241/242. BALLET II students discover and develop their own movement potential and apply it in dance performance. Non- DA 210, 211. WESTERN DANCE FORMS I † 1,1 — INTERMEDIATE 2 or 3, 2 or 3 liberal arts. (Partially fulfills arts requirement.) Studies of various Western dance forms and tech- Students at this level should have complete knowl- M. DiSanto-Rose niques. The following courses are offered periodically edge of the basic ballet terminology and technique depending on faculty availability: with the ability to properly execute barre, adagio, DA 228. CHOREOGRAPHY I 3 A. Pointe I F. Pre-Classical Dance pirouettes, small and large allegro. Non-liberal arts. Deals with solo and group choreographic techniques Forms and related musical and production resources. Non- B. Character I G. Dance for Children DB 311/312, 321/322, 331/332, 341/342. BALLET III liberal arts. (Fulfills arts requirement.) D. Fernandez C. Jazz I H. Spanish Dance — ADVANCED 2 or 3, 2 or 3 D. Modern Special I/II I. Tap Students must have acquired full command of the DA 230. INTRODUCTION TO DANCE HISTORY, E. Ballet Special I/II ballet vocabulary and technique with the capability to LITERATURE, AND REPERTORY 3 Pointe class may only be taken along with a Ballet II, sustain increasingly difficult work. The class may Introduction to dance history of the Eastern and III, or IV technique class. Non-liberal arts. include pointe work at the discretion of the instructor. Non-liberal arts. Western traditions. Using film, slides, videos, demon- strations, and discussion, the course introduces DB 351/352, 361/362, 381/382, 391/392. BALLET students to the literature and repertory of the great IV-ADVANCED-POINTE 2 or 3, 2 or 3 classical and modern dance forms. This class is designed to develop artistic awareness I. Brown, M. DiSanto-Rose of students who have already reached a high degree of technical proficiency. They should be prepared to DA 274. SPECIAL STUDIES IN DANCE THEORY perform the entire class on pointe. By permission. AND APPRECIATION 2 Non-liberal arts. Liberal arts studies in dance theory and appreciation designed to broaden student awareness and under- standing of dance and its related disciplines. † May be repeated for credit Dance Faculty 93 DA 327. IMPROVISATION II 2 EC 100. INEQUALITY, RACE, AND GENDER 3 Advanced study in the spontaneous use of Economics Designed for nonmajors, this course uses political- movement in structures derived from movement economic principles to analyze social issues. Using concepts, imagery, props, and media sources. a variety of theoretical perspectives, the course ad- Designed to help students further discover and Chair of the Department of Economics: dresses the gender, race, and class inequalities that develop their own movement potential and apply it Mehmet Odekon, Ph.D. characterize the United States economy. Other topics in dance performance. Prerequisite: DA227 or may include the economics of the environment, the permission of instructor. Non-liberal Arts. (Partially Professors: Roy J. Rotheim, Ph.D.; Sandy implications of increasing economic interdependence, fulfills arts requirement.) Baum, Ph.D. the relationship between capitalism and democracy. Associate Professors: Robert J. Jones, Ph.D.; (A culture and difference in the United States course, DA 328. CHOREOGRAPHY II 3 Tim Koechlin, Ph.D.; Mehmet Odekon, Ph.D. EC100 fulfills LS II requirement.) T. Koechlin Advanced study of the solo and group choreographic techniques and related musical and production Assistant Professors: Ngina S. Chiteji, Ph.D.; EC 103. INTRODUCTION TO resources. Prerequisite: DA228 or permission of Lynda D. Vargha, Ph.D. MACROECONOMICS 3 instructor. Non-liberal arts. (Fulfills arts requirement.) Visiting Assistant Professor: M. Leslie Shiell, An introduction to national income analysis and money and banking. The course deals with theory and policies Ph.D. DA 335. MAJOR PERIODS IN DANCE of a mixed economy—using the United States as a HISTORY 3 prime example. Emphasis is placed upon the deter- The goal of the Economics Department is to The study of major periods in dance history with mination of public policies to solve the problems of particular emphasis on the societies out of which the help students develop a thorough understand- unemployment, inflation, and stable economic growth. dance developed. I. Brown ing of the principles of economics and the ability Prerequisite: QR1. (Fulfills QR2 requirement; fulfills to apply economic concepts to the analysis of society-A component of breadth requirement.) DA 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 current issues. The course offerings are The Department Advanced research or technical study under the designed to assist students in gaining insight guidance of a faculty member. A student may or may into the ways in which economic forces influ- EC 104. INTRODUCTION TO not receive liberal arts credit at the discretion of both ence society and to prepare majors for further MICROECONOMICS 3 the director of the Dance Program and the registrar study or work in economics, public affairs, or An introduction to the study of markets. The course (and, in exceptional instances, the Curriculum Com- business. develops the basic economic model of supply and mittee of the College). Dance Faculty demand to illustrate how choices regarding the pro- THE ECONOMICS MAJOR: Requirements for duction and distribution of goods and services are DA 376. SEMINAR 4 a major in economics are: EC103, 104, 234, made by firms and households in a market economy. A study of the style and technique of the main 235, 236, 237, and five other courses in eco- The course also examines the possibility of market schools of classical dancing (Russian, French, Italian, nomics. failure and the appropriate government response. Policy Danish). The impact of these schools on the develop- topics may include poverty and homelessness, health ment of classical dancing in England and America will care, the environment, anti-trust, discrimination, free HONORS: To be considered for honors in provide a topic for discussion and debate. The course trade, unions, and minimum wage laws. Prerequisite: also will examine the style and technique of the main economics, students must meet the college QR1. (Fulfills QR2 requirement; fulfills society-A schools of American and European modern dance requirements of a grade point average of 3.0 component of breadth requirement.) The Department and their respective impacts on the development of overall and 3.5 in the major. They must receive theatrical dance in the twentieth century. I. Brown a grade of at least A-on an independent-study EC 234. INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC paper, which they must defend orally before THEORY 3 the department. Theoretical aspects of international trade and finance.Topics include: comparative cost, tariff theory, INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In customs unions, departures from free trade, the benefits conjunction with relevant departments, the and costs of foreign investment, monetary aspects of Economics Department offers majors in trade, exchange rates, international asset markets, business-economics, political economy, central bank intervention, and problems of the interna- economics-French, economics-German, tional monetary system. Prerequisites: EC103 and 104. economics-Spanish, economics-mathematics, T. Koechlin, M. Odekon economics-philosophy, and economics- EC 235. MACROECONOMIC THEORY 4 sociology. See Interdepartmental Majors, A study of the forces determining the levels of national page 142. The department participates in the income and employment, with emphasis upon public international affairs minor. policy to attain basic economic goals such as economic growth, stable prices, and full employment. Prerequi- THE ECONOMICS MINOR: The department sites: EC 103 and 104. M. Odekon, R. Rotheim offers a minor in economics that consists of the following: EC103, 104, 235 or 236 and EC 236. MICROECONOMIC THEORY 4 three other courses in economics, at least two Develops the basic models of behavior that economists of which are at the 300 level. use to study market relations. Discussion of how con- sumer choices determine demand and how profit- OMICRON DELTA EPSILON, ALPHA ZETA maximizing firms, operating in different market structures, CHAPTER: Omicron Delta Epsilon is an eco- determine supply. Within this framework, the course nomics honor society that was initially formed considers a variety of real-world problems, which may in 1915 and became an international honor include job market discrimination, business pricing society in 1969. Omicron honors academic policy, minimum wages, taxation, anti-trust policy, achievement in economics and encourages international trade, and environmental and safety regulation. Prerequisites: EC103 and 104. S. Baum devotion and advancement in the field. The eligibility requirements include: (1) a strong EC 237. STATISTICAL METHODS 4 interest in economics, (2) completion of at An introduction to summarizing and interpreting quanti- least four economics courses and a 3.40 or tative information: central tendency and dispersion, higher average in economics, and (3) a GPA probability, significance tests, regression and correla- of 3.40 or higher in all college courses taken. tion, time series analysis, and the use of index numbers. An introduction to the use of the computer as a tool for handling large amounts of data. Prerequisites: QR 1, EC103, 104 or permission of the instructor (Fulfills QR2 94 requirement.) S. Baum, R. Jones, T. Koechlin EC 245. COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC EC 334. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL EC 351. WOMEN IN THE ECONOMY 3 SYSTEMS 3 ECONOMY 3 This course examines the ways in which the eco- A comparative study of the theory and institutional An examination of the interplay of international nomic experiences of women in the United States features of the market economy, market socialism, economics and politics. The course contrasts main- differ from those of men. Topics include labor and Soviet-type socialism. Prerequisites: EC103 or stream theories of international trade and investment markets and wages, discrimination, poverty, the 104. The Department with theories highlighting class relations, power, and economics of the household, and the economics market imperfections. Among the subjects to be of reproduction. The particular situations of various EC 261. INTERMEDIATE TOPICS IN addressed are: multinational corporations, capital ethnic groups and occupational groups are dis- ECONOMICS 3 flight, theories of imperialism, and the prospects for cussed. The economic experiences of women are This course will give students an opportunity to study national economic policy. Prerequisites: EC 234 and analyzed in their social, political, and historical context. one or a few related current topics in economics at an 235 or permission of instructor. T. Koechlin Prerequisite: EC104. S. Baum intermediate level. While the topic(s), instructor, and specific prerequisites will vary each time the course is EC 335. ADVANCED MACROECONOMIC EC 355. HISTORY OF ECONOMIC THOUGHT 3 offered, there will be at least one 100-level course THEORY AND POLICY 3 The development of Western economic thinking required. May be repeated once with permission of Domestic monetary and fiscal policies of advanced from Adam Smith to the present, stressing in its department chair. Prerequisite: EC103 and/or 104. capitalist economies with emphasis on the United historical context the conflict between the mainstream The Department States’ historical experience. Topics include: business of economic thought and important alternatives such cycle theories; Neoclassical, Keynesian, and post- as the Marxist, institutional, and anarchist traditions. EC 315. OPEN ECONOMY Keynesian theories of money and the state; industrial Emphasis is on the works of a few major writers. MACROECONOMICS 3 policy, monetary and fiscal intervention considered Prerequisites: EC 235 and 236, or permission of Integration of closed economy macroeconomics theoretically and historically. Prerequisite: EC235. instructor. R. Rotheim with foreign trade and payments balances. Topics R. Rotheim include: exchange rate systems, asset markets, price EC 361. ADVANCED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS 3 and income effects, and monetary and fiscal policies EC 336. INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION AND This course will give students an opportunity to study for internal and external balance. Prerequisite: PERFORMANCE OF ECONOMY 3 one or a few related current topics in economics at an EC234 or 235 or permission of instructor. M. Odekon A study of changing market structures in the United advanced level. While the topic(s), instructor, and States economy and their impact on its performance. specific prerequisites will vary each time the course EC 316. ECONOMICS OF DEVELOPMENT 3 The specific topics covered in this course include the is offered, there will be at least one 200-level course The theory and practice of economic development in determinants of market structure and oligopolistic required. May be repeated with permission of depart- the third world. Topics include: analysis of world behaviors of large corporations in such areas as ment chair. The Department income distribution and causes of world income pricing, profits, and technological innovations. Also inequalities; the contribution of social change, poli- considered are public policies concerning monopolis- EC 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 tics, economics and economic planning to the pro- tic and oligopolistic business enterprises. Prerequisite: An opportunity for qualified students to engage in cess of development; means of improving the EC236. The Department in-depth reading and research in any field of econom- quantity and quality of domestic and international ics. Project should be based on work in a 300-level economic resources; methods for improving sectoral EC 339. APPLIED ECONOMETRICS 3 course the student has taken. Each student works output and productivity; policies for redistribution and Theory and practice of econometrics applied to closely with a faculty advisor and participates in a basic needs and for combating the equity-efficiency economic models. Topics include: econometric weekly independent study seminar. Final paper must trade-off in development strategies. Prerequisites: EC techniques for analyzing economic relationships, be presented orally to the department Prerequisite: 103 and 104, or permission of instructor. M. Odekon methods for handling economic data, empirical testing Permission of the department required. of theoretical models, and techniques for developing The Department EC 317. THE ECONOMIES OF EAST ASIA 3 testable models. Prerequisites: EC235 or 236; 237. EC. 375 SENIOR SEMINAR 3 An examination of the five East Asian economies R. Jones A capstone experience for senior economics majors, (Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and EC 343. ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESOURCE this course builds on the theoretical framework Singapore) that have experienced outstanding ECONOMICS 3 developed in other economics courses to analyze economic growth since the end of World War II. The Analysis of contemporary environmental and resource current economic-policy issues. Specific topics differ course investigates the causes of their economic problems (e.g., air, water, noise and aesthetic pollu- from year to year. Representative topics include successes and the impact they have had on the rest tion, extinction of animal and plant species) through inequality in the U.S., the Social Security debate, of the world, especially on the U.S. economy. Special the use of economic theories and techniques of unemployment and public policy, the economics of attention will be given to their development strate- evaluation. Environmental policies dealing with these higher education, and economic and political reforms gies, the role of government, and sociocultural factors problems will also be considered. Prerequisite: EC in Mexico. The Department in their growth processes. Prerequisite: 104 or consent of instructor. L. Shiell EC103 or 104. The Department EC 376. SENIOR THESIS 3 EC 344. PUBLIC FINANCE 3 Advanced research paper in economics. Open to all EC 319. ECONOMICS OF INCOME Study of government expenditures and taxation seniors with departmental approval. All completed DISTRIBUTION AND POVERTY 3 policies from both institutional and theoretical per- theses must be defended before the economics The definition and measurement of economic spectives. The course will focus on the economic faculty. The Department inequality and poverty and the investigation of eco- roles of federal, state, and local governments in nomic factors determining the distribution of income implementing decisions about defense spending, EC 399. INTERNSHIP IN ECONOMICS 3 and wealth. On the macro level, the course examines social programs, income, sales, property, and Social Professional experience at an advanced level for the dynamics of input markets, including productivity Security taxes. Prerequisite: EC236. S. Baum juniors and seniors with substantial academic experi- and technological change. The micro level focuses ence in economics. With faculty sponsorship and on the personal distribution of income and poverty in EC 345. MONETARY THEORY AND POLICY 3 department approval, students may extend their the United States. Alternative theories are examined. Foundations of money, financial markets, and central educational experience into areas such as economic Other topics include the role of the government banking within a capitalist framework. Theoretical research and consulting, forecasting, regulation, and through policies such as taxes, transfers, and public emphasis will be placed on monetarist and post policy analysis. Work will be supplemented by appro- education. Prerequisites: EC103 and 104. Keynesian explanations for money, interest, employ- priate written assignments. Only three semester-hour S. Baum, M. Odekon ment, and prices. Policy discussions will focus on the credits may count toward the requirements for the relationship between money market instruments and major. Prerequisites: Two of the following: EC 234, EC 321. LABOR ECONOMICS 3 central bank policies in the context of the above 235, 236, 237, and at least two 300-level economic Analysis of labor as a human activity and an economic theoretical frameworks. A major term paper, which courses. resource. Critical examination of the structure and compares the recent monetary policies of the Federal functioning of the American labor market. Topics Reserve System with those of another central bank, is include determinants of labor force participation, the expected of all students. Prerequisites: EC 103 and level and structure of wages, and the allocation and 104. Open only to juniors and seniors. R. Rotheim utilization of workers; the roles of labor unions and collective bargaining; and the changing situations of women and minorities in the labor market. Pre- 95 requisites: EC 236, 237. The Department issued, whichever comes first. If the individual from the Education Department office provid- Education is employed in the public schools of New York ing information concerning application proce- State, the Certificate of Qualification must be dures, acceptance criteria, and a detailed exchanged for the Provisional Certificate. Pro- program description. Chair of the Department of Education: Ruth visional certification is effective for five years. Andrea Levinson, Ph.D. HONORS: To be eligible for departmental Pending approval by the New York State honors, a student must (1) complete all depart- Professor: Susan S. Lehr, Ph.D. Legislature, students in the Class of 2003 and mental requirements for the education major Associate Professor: Ruth Andrea Levinson, Ph.D. beyond, who successfully complete the and have a grade-point average of 3.5 or teacher education program, the Drug Educa- higher for all course work taken in the depart- Assistant Professors: Barbara Henriques, tion Workshop, an additional New York State ment; (2) complete ED350 with a grade of A- Ed.D.; Paul Michalec, Ph.D., Director of Student Teacher Certification Examination (content or better; (3) complete ED351 with a grade of Teaching specialty test), and are recommended by the A for the research paper or project, which must Lecturers: *Karen Brackett, M.S.; Joyce Rubin, College, will upon graduation be eligible for the also be presented to the faculty; and (4) have M.S.; *Richard Lyman, M.A.; *Donna Brent, New York State Transitional Certificate. The a grade-point average of 3.0 or higher for all Psy.D. transitional certificate will be in Childhood course work taken at Skidmore. Director of Skidmore Early Childhood Center: Education (grades 1-6). The transitional certifi- Karen Brackett, M.S. cate is effective for two years if the first year is EARLY CHILDHOOD MINOR: Students wish- mentored teaching and the candidate com- ing to pursue this minor should consult with the The Skidmore Department of Education has pletes a master's degree within that two-year Education Department. Required courses developed programs to meet the needs of period. Upon obtaining the master’s degree, include ED200 or PS207, ED213, 222, 231A, students and to place the College in the fore- the candidate obtains an Initial Certificate. 322, and one of the following: PS305, AR358, front of liberal arts colleges offering programs ED371, SB315, or ED314. in education. Changes in regulations enacted by the New York State Board of Regents and the State EARLY CHILDHOOD CENTER: The center is The program objectives are to present a Legislature modify and take precedence over a lab school affiliated with the Education curriculum consistent with the liberal arts ideal the above certification procedures. Department. As a lab school, its mission of Skidmore College and to provide students includes service to children and their families, with the preparation they need to enter careers EDUCATION STUDIES MAJOR (pre K-6; the education of college students, and in education and/or to continue in graduate grades 1-6 for Class of 2003 and beyond): research. The faculty and staff have expertise studies. Programs are designed to enable Students pursuing the major are required to in the supervision of college students’ lab students to maximize their potential, develop fulfill the all-College requirements listed on experiences and in the design and imple- an ability to think through complex situations, page 46 (a listing of courses that are sug- mentation of learning experiences for young make effective decisions, and communicate gested for the education studies major is children. Skidmore students, who may partici- ideas. The faculty believes that such programs available from the Education Department) pate through academic programs, the Work build upon the strengths of a sound liberal and to complete the following courses: Study Program, or volunteerism, have the education and produce teachers who are 1. ED200, 215, 231 A or B, 233, 335, 336, opportunity to observe academic theory professionally committed and intellectually applied and tested in the real world. The cen- prepared to be leaders in education. 342, 344, 350, 351. (ED351 is optional for Class of 2003 and beyond.) ter operates a prekindergarten class and The teacher education program prepares classes for three- and four-year-old children. 2. A concentration or a major in one of the students as candidates for provisional liberal arts or sciences New York State certification in elementary SECONDARY EDUCATION: Skidmore’s education (grades pre K-6). affiliated program with Union College leads to The education studies major conforms to New the master of arts in teaching degree. See In addition, the Department of Education offers York State Education Department guidelines; it page 148. a minor in early childhood education. is approved by the New York State Education Department. Prospective majors should con- POLICIES AND PROCEDURES: sult with Skidmore’s Department of Education ED 100. EXPLORATION OF EARLY Admission: Students must apply for admis- during the spring of their first year to discuss CHILDHOOD CLASSROOM sion to the major during their sophomore year the major and plan a course program. Formal TEACHING 1 Observation and participation in the teaching and are selected on the basis of demon- application for acceptance to the program is strated competence in academic subjects and programs of the Skidmore Early Childhood Center. made in the sophomore year. Students going Students are required to participate a minimum of two communication skills, and demonstrated abroad should explore the possibility of going suitability for teaching. Students planning to hours per week in one of the assigned classrooms abroad during the sophomore year or in the under the supervision of the classroom teacher and go abroad should talk to the department chair summer in order to take ED233 and the junior in their first year. meet one hour a week with other participants and a block on schedule. faculty member to discuss observation, experiences, Students who successfully complete the and issues. Non-liberal arts. J. Rubin teacher education program, the Drug Educa- The Department of Education requires that all tion Workshop, and are recommended by the candidates for student teaching placements ED 103. INTRODUCTION TO TEACHING 3 College will, upon graduation, be eligible for must earn a C or better in each of the junior Consideration of the role of the teacher, the nature of New York State certification. The New York block courses, including ED335, 336, 342, 344 the learner, conceptions of teaching, factors affecting State Teacher Certification Examinations and the recommendation of the department. instructional decisions, philosophies of education that (liberal arts and sciences, written assessment guide the practice of teaching, curriculum innovations of teaching skills) are also required by the New Students must demonstrate proficiency, during and trends, and the school as an institution. Includes observation and field work in local schools, K-12. the student teaching experience, in knowledge York State Education Department for issuance (Not open to students who have completed ED203. of a Certificate of Qualification. The Certificate and performance skills with a grade of C or J. Rubin of Qualification is effective for five years, or better in each placement in order to be recom- until either initial employment or a request by mended for certification. the holder that the Provisional Certificate be The nature of the program requires that the department reserve the right to limit the num- ber of students accepted. If interested in the 96 major, students are urged to obtain material ED 200. CHILD DEVELOPMENT AND ED 231. CHILDREN’S LITERATURE 3 ED 323. ADOLESCENT DEVELOPMENT 3 LEARNING 3 A survey of children’s literature. Students will be Examination of the adolescent period to determine Development of the child to age twelve with a focus introduced to a variety of genres, authors, and what characteristics distinguish this stage of life from on learning, factors affecting learning potential, and illustrators with an emphasis on selection criteria and that of childhood and adulthood. Readings from recent research on cognitive development. Students implementation of literature-based programs in the anthropological, historical, sociological, biological, engage in systematic observations of children elementary classroom. A consideration of trends and psychological, and literary perspectives are used to attending the Greenberg Child Care Center on the issues in children’s literature. Exploration of topics investigate the adolescent experience and to deter- Skidmore campus. Required of majors. Must be related to censorship, gender roles, violence, and mine whether it is universal or particular. Not open to completed before the second semester of the junior political and social themes. A. Literature for the students who have taken ED202. Prerequisites: year. R. A. Levinson young child, or B. Literature for the older child. Both ED200, PS201 or PS207 or permission of instructor. sections are not open to first-year students. S. Lehr R. A. Levinson ED 213. THE EXCEPTIONAL CHILD IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 3 ED 233. EMERGENT LITERACY 3 ED 331. INTEGRATING LITERATURE ACROSS A comprehensive survey of the field of special A general introduction to children’s emergent literacy THE CURRICULUM 3 education with special emphasis on individual differ- using a sociopsycholinguistic framework. Topics An advanced children’s literature course. Includes ences and the strategies for adapting programs to include children’s language acquisition; the nature of in-depth study of children’s response to literature educationally handicapped and gifted children. language; language variations and implications for research. Students will read literature in the following Topics will include the impact of PL 94-142 and teaching the history of the English language as a genres: historical fiction, nonfiction, biography, and Section 504 on the elementary school program. Fall basis for exploring the history of reading instruction in poetry. Students will develop literature-based cur- semester. D. Brent the United States; basic linguistic concepts and their ricula in science, mathematics, and social studies. relation to controversial phonics instruction in the S. Lehr ED 215. SCHOOL AND SOCIETY 3 United States; models of reading and an understand- An introduction to the social, historical, and philo- ing of the reading process; writing development in ED 335. TEACHING READING IN THE sophical foundations of the issues involved in educat- young children; the writing process and spelling ELEMENTARY SCHOOL 4 ing young people in the United States. The social development; the use of literature as the basis of the An advanced reading course which includes the context of education in the U.S. is explored, including reading program. Prerequisite: Open only to juniors effective teaching of reading in the content areas, the influence of the courts, politics, multiculturalism, admitted to the professional sequence or permission constructing and administering informal reading and recurring controversy over issues of race, class, of instructor. Fall semester. S. Lehr inventories, exploring current models of remediation and gender. In addition, this course will help students and implementing thematic webbing in the elemen- develop the skills necessary for interpreting and ED 261. THEMES IN EDUCATION 3 tary classroom. Taken concurrently with ED336, 342, resolving new issues as they arise, including a Introductory exploration of selected topics in educa- and 344. Prerequisite: ED233. Open only to juniors critical, reflective perspective toward the public tion. Such topics may differ from year to year and admitted to the professional sequence or permission debate of educational issues. (Fulfills society-A might include: “Technology and Education,” “The of instructor. Non-liberal arts. S. Lehr component of breadth requirement.) P. Michalec Image of the Child in Literature,” “The Art of Picture Book Illustration,” and “Comparative Studies in ED 336. TEACHING ELEMENTARY ED 216. HISTORY OF EDUCATION IN THE Education.” This course may be repeated with a MATHEMATICS 4 UNITED STATES 3 different topic. The Department A course designed to introduce students to current An examination, from a historical perspective, of the principles and methods for teaching mathematics as role of formal and informal education in the United ED 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN a creative discipline in the elementary school. Topics States with particular attention to the origins and EDUCATION 3 in mathematics will be addressed utilizing manipula- evolution of the common school, the changing status Internship opportunity for students whose curricular tive materials, cooperative learning strategies, of children, and related social issues. Prerequisite: foundations and cocurricular experiences have questioning techniques, assessment techniques, and one course in United States history or American prepared them for professional work related to the current research of interest and relevance to educa- studies, or permission of instructor. Not open to major field. With faculty sponsorship and departmen- tors. Taken concurrently with ED335, 342, and 344. students who have taken ED315. (Fulfills LS2 tal approval, students may extend their educational Open only to juniors admitted to the professional requirement.) P. Michalec experience into specialized educational programs sequence or permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. such as preschool, gifted and talented, special needs B. Henriques ED 217. ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION IN THE students, or educational administration. Does not UNITED STATES: POLITICAL AND count toward the major. Non-liberal arts. ED 342. INTEGRATED TEACHING 4 SOCIAL PERSPECTIVES 3 The Department Provides students with the knowledge and the Alternative education models have historically been a experiences to make teaching decisions which vital component of the educational environment of the ED 314. EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT AND facilitate children’s learning in the classroom environ- United States. Students will investigate a variety of THE EXCEPTIONAL CHILD 3 ment. Integration and applications of methods used alternative education models from at least three The study of educational assessment procedures and to teach science and social studies curricula are perspectives: historical, political, and social. Students instruments and their interpretation and application in illustrated and practiced. Taken concurrently with in this course will study the origins and motivations to preparing educational environments for children who ED335, 336, and 344. Open only to juniors admitted create alternative education models and the effects are disabled and nondisabled. Students will develop to the professional sequence or permission of instruc- that implementation of these models may have on the comprehensive evaluation plans, design criterion tor. Non-liberal arts. R. A. Levinson learning and policy decisions related to education at referenced tests and observational systems, and the local, state, and national levels. (Fulfills LS2 assess individual children. Prerequisite: ED213. ED 344. PRACTICUM IN TEACHING AND requirement.) B. Henriques Spring semester. Non-liberal arts. INSTRUCTION 4 Prepares students to make decisions related to ED 222. THE YOUNG CHILD AND THE ED 322. LEARNING IN EARLY CHILDHOOD planning, methods of instruction, classroom manage- EDUCATIONAL PROCESS 3 SETTINGS 4 ment, evaluation, and teaching strategies. Super- The study of child development and educational The application of developmental curricula to vised observation and participation in elementary practice as it pertains to young children from birth to learning settings for young children. Students will school classrooms. Taken concurrently with ED335, five years. The course includes a history of early participate two half-days each week in a classroom 336, and 342. Open only to juniors admitted to the childhood programs and a consideration of different setting within the Skidmore Early Childhood Center or professional sequence or permission of instructor. program models. Students will engage in extensive in an early-childhood program within the community Non-liberal arts. J. Rubin observation at the Skidmore Early Childhood Center, at the N-3 level. The course will focus on planning as well as selected off-campus environments, to strategies, teaching styles and techniques, manage- strengthen understanding of models of early educa- ment, relevant legislation, issues and trends in the tion. Prerequisite: ED200 or PS207. Fall semester. fields of education, as well as observation and K. Brackett assessment. Prerequisite: ED222. Spring semester. Non-liberal arts. K. Brackett

97 ED 350. ELEMENTARY EDUCATION THE ENGLISH MAJOR STUDENT TEACHING 16 English Student teaching integrated with methods and Concentrations: materials of teaching in the elementary school using a full-time semester block plan. Seniors who have Chair of the Department of English: Sarah I. Literary Studies — a total of at least ten satisfactorily completed the junior year program and Webster Goodwin, Ph.D. courses (four at the 200 level and six at the have demonstrated professional attitudes and prac- Associate Chair of the Department: Philip 300 level), including the core and at least tices included in the program description are eligible. Boshoff, Ph.D. two other courses, one from the categories Fall semester only. Non-liberal arts. Advanced Courses in British and American The Department Professors: Ralph A. Ciancio, Ph.D.; Robert Literature or Senior Tutorial Studies. Boyers, M. A., Tisch Professor of Arts and II. Creative Writing — a total of at least twelve ED 351. ISSUES IN EDUCATION 3 Letters; Thomas S. W. Lewis, Ph.D., courses (five or six at the 200 level and A colloquium in which students research and discuss Quadracci Professor of Social Responsibility; current issues in education. A major paper reporting seven at the 300 level), including the core Murray J. Levith, Ph.D.; *Phyllis A. Roth, Ph.D.; the results of library or empirical research is required. and four selected from: EN281 or 282; While students are encouraged to pursue topics Barry Goldensohn, M.A.; *Charlotte M. EN379 (which may be taken twice for which integrate work in the major or concentration Goodman, Ph.D.; Regina M. Janes, Ph.D.; credit); EN380 (which may be taken twice and educational issues, other topics may be consid- Terence Diggory, D. Phil., Courtney and for credit); EN381; Independent Study ered, especially for those students with a double Steven Ross Professor of Interdisciplinary (EN371, 372) in creative writing; Senior major. Meets the department requirement that senior Studies; Steven Millhauser, B.A.; Susan Projects (EN373, 374) in creative writing. majors complete a major paper and culminating Kress, Ph.D., Class of 1948 Professor for experience. Required of senior majors. Note: Begin- Exellence in Teaching; Sarah Webster The Core (required of all majors): ning with the Class of 2001, required only of those Goodwin, Ph.D.; Kathryn Davis, B.A.; Victor L. I. Introductory requirement: FOUR courses at senior majors seeking departmental honors. Cahn, Ph.D. the 200 level: The Department Associate Professors: James Kiehl, Ph.D.; A. Evolving Canon requirement: EN201, ED 361. ADVANCED TOPICS IN EDUCATION 3 *Jon R. Ramsey, Ph.D.; Joanne Devine, 202: Evolving Canon I and II, in that order. Ph.D.; Rajagopal Parthasarathy, Ph.D.; Advanced study of selected topics in education. B. Genre requirement: one course from Catherine Golden, Ph.D.; Philip Boshoff, Such topics may differ from year to year and might among EN211, 213, 215 include: “The Classical Roots of Western Education,” Ph.D.; Michael S. Marx, Ph.D.; Kate Green- “From Orbis Pictus to Alice in Wonderland: The span, Ph.D.; Barbara Black, Ph.D.; Linda C. Topics requirement: one course from History of Children’s Books,” and “A History of Simon, Ph.D.; Tatyana Tolstaya, M.A. among EN205, 206, 207, 208, 217, 223, Women in Education.” This course may be repeated 225, 227, 229, 230, 231, 232, 234, 243. with a different topic. The Department Visiting Associate Professors: *Wilma Hall, Ph.D.; Alan Wheelock, Ph.D. II. Advanced requirement: FOUR literature ED 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY IN THE courses at the 300 level from the catego- Assistant Professors: Mason Stokes, Ph.D.; ries Advanced Courses in British and FOUNDATIONS OF EDUCATION 3, 3 Ann Seaton, Ph.D. An opportunity for study in depth of an educational American Literature or Senior Tutorial problem. The topic is chosen by the student. One or Writer-in-Residence: Steve Stern, M.F.A. Studies: more investigative approaches may be utilized, such Visiting Writer-in-Residence: *Douglas Glover, A. Early Period requirement: ONE of the as selected readings, field projects, and case studies. M.F.A. four must be EN341, 342, 343, 344, 347, Students should consult the chair of the department 348, 350, 363A or, when indicated in de- to plan their study. These units are or are not credited Lecturers: *Marc Woodworth, M.A.; Francois partmental prospectus copy, 377, 378 as units in liberal arts, at the discretion of both the Bonneville, Ph.D. department chair and the registrar (and, in excep- B. Later Period requirement: ONE of the tional instances, the Curriculum Committee of the Research Associate: Deborah Cadman, Ph.D. four must be EN315, 316, 351, 352, 356, College). The Department 363B or, when indicated in departmental The English Department offers various prospectus copy, 377, 378 AR 358. ART FOR CHILDREN 3 perspectives on the study of language and C. TWO other 300-level courses in litera- Introduction to the basic materials, methods, and literature. In consultation with a faculty advisor, techniques used in the classroom as related to ture. (EN 345 or 346, or both, count as elementary school curriculum, children’s needs, students design their programs to meet indi- fulfilling this requirement.) interests, and development. The role of art in a vidual interests and goals. The major offers III. Shakespeare requirement: EN225, 345, or humanities program will also be considered. Non- students the option of concentrating in literary 346. Students who fulfill their Shakespeare liberal arts. Doretta Miller studies or creative writing. The concentration requirement at the 300 level may count that in literary studies entails ten or eleven courses; toward the six required 300-level courses the concentration in creative writing entails at for the Literary Studies concentration or the least twelve courses. Both concentrations four 300-level literature courses for the require eight or nine core courses. While the Creative Writing concentration. Students core gives students an understanding of who fulfill their Shakespeare requirement genres, a foundation in literary history, and with EN225 may not count that toward the training in close reading, the concentration four 200-level requirements. allows students a chance to pursue individual interests. Before enrolling in any 300-level course, majors must complete EN201 and EN202 in sequence, and EN211, or 213, or 215. In addition, students must also fulfill the general College requirements for the B.A. degree.

The ability to write is fundamental to the English major. The department strongly recommends that all majors complete at least one of the following writing courses: EN107, 205, 206, or 303. 98 INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In EN 100. ENGLISH LANGUAGE SKILLS 3 popular press, scholarly journals, and arts maga- conjunction with the relevant departments, the Basic skills of the English language for special zines. Requirements for the course include atten- English Department offers majors in English- interest students requiring such a course. Non-liberal dance at arts events on the Skidmore campus and Philosophy and English-French, English- arts. The Department throughout the Capital District. German, and English-Spanish. See D. Special Topics in Nonfiction Writing. EN 103. WRITING SEMINAR I 3 Interdepartmental Majors, page 142. Intensive practice in a particular form of expository Introduction to expository writing with weekly writing or intensive exploration of a subject with writing assignments emphasizing skills in developing HONORS: Departmental honors are awarded special attention to style and the development of the ideas, organizing material, and creating thesis writer’s voice. Topics may include, for example, to a senior major who has maintained the statements. Assignments provide practice in descrip- biography, technical writing, or writing and the required college and department grade aver- tion, definition, comparison and contrast, and argu- Internet. ages and who, by the end of the first semester mentation. Additional focus on grammar, syntax, and of the senior year, has filed with the depart- usage. Students and instructor meet in seminar three EN 206. WRITING ABOUT LITERATURE 3 ment a Declaration of Intention to Qualify for hours a week; students are also required to meet Writing and revising short critical essays on literary Honors or who has enrolled in Senior Thesis. regularly with a Writing Center tutor. This course topics in various genres: drama, verse, prose fiction. does not fulfill the all-College requirement in exposi- In addition to the necessary grade averages, Instruction in ordering ideas and in focusing a topic tory writing. The Department qualification requires work of exceptional merit by assessing purpose and audience and by making in a Senior Thesis, Senior Project, or Senior an acute thesis and choosing a voice for effect. Also EN 105. WRITING SEMINAR II 3 Honors Plan, specified in the student’s Decla- instruction in supporting the thesis and managing This seminar immerses students in the process of ration, that will represent a culmination of the secondary sources: qualities of evidence and reason- producing finished analytical essays informed by student’s work in the major. ing; methods of persuasive demonstration and critical reading and careful reasoning. Special atten- explanation; manners of citation. Primarily for sopho- tion is given to developing ideas, writing from THE ENGLISH MINOR: The minor normally more and junior English majors, this course assists sources, organizing material, and revising drafts. students already competent at writing explanatory includes six courses in one of three areas of Additional emphasis is on grammar, style, and formal essays to develop the more specialized skills concentration: conventions of writing. Students respond to one demanded for writing about literature. Prerequisite: another's work in workshops or peer critique ses- Literature: Six courses in the department, EN 107 and either 211, 213, or 215; or permission of sions. Weekly informal writing complements assign- including two chosen from the category instructor. The Department Advanced Courses in British and American ments of longer finished papers. This course fulfills the all-College requirement in expository writing. Literature (other than EN371 and 372), and EN 303H. PEER TUTORING PROJECT IN (This course is also offered as an Honors course.) three from the categories Genre Courses, EXPOSITORY WRITING 4 The Department General Courses, and Literature in Translation. Examination of rhetoric, grammar, and composition theory essential to writing, collaborative learning, and EN 107. WRITING SEMINAR III 3 Creative Writing: Six courses in the depart- peer tutoring. Students practice analytical writing and Writing expository papers on themes pertinent to the ment, including EN281 or 282; 211 or 213; at critique expository essays. Weekly writing assign- common intellectual topic or to an expository problem least two from the category Advanced Courses ments and a term project explore composition theory shared in the seminar. Instruction in ordering ideas, in British and American Literature (other than and tutoring practices and analyze EN 103 assign- focusing a topic, and especially in developing and EN371 and 372); and one of the following ments. Participation in a weekly supervised peer supporting a thesis. Weekly writing in response to combinations: (a) 379 and 380; (b) two semes- tutoring practicum with EN 103 students. Prerequi- selected readings related to the seminar topic or site: EN 201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN 211, or ters of either 379 or 380; (c) 380 and either expository task. Students and instructor meet in 213, or 215; and upperclass standing; and permis- 381 or an Independent Study in writing; seminar or in small groups to discuss student essays sion of instructor. (This is an Honors course.) (d) 379 and either 381 or an Independent and the seminar topic. This course fulfills the all- P. Boshoff, C. Golden, M. Marx, or L. Simon Study in writing. College requirement in expository writing. Expository Writing: Six courses in the depart- The Department ment, including EN205 or 206; 207; 303 or an COURSES IN LANGUAGE advanced writing project developed within the EN 205. NONFICTION WRITING 3 Intensive practice in writing nonfiction prose, with EN 207. THE NATURE OF LANGUAGE 3 guidelines of EN373, 374, or 399; and two emphasis on expanding the writer’s options, finding A general introduction to language with special courses from the categories Genre Courses, a distinctive voice, and using strategies of inquiry, emphasis on the nature and structure of linguistic General Courses, Literature in Translation, description, exposition, argumentation, and persua- systems, the representation of meaning in language, and Advanced Courses in British and Ameri- sion. Prerequisite: completion of College expository and social and biological aspects of human language. can Literature (other than EN371 and 372). writing requirement. (This course may be repeated Topics include study of the origins and defining Students wishing to complete a minor in for credit with a different topic.) The Department characteristics of language; the relationship between language and culture; the causes and impact of English should file a Declaration of Minor with A. Argumentation. Instruction in classical and language variation; children’s acquisition of language; the Registrar before the last semester of the contemporary argumentative writing. Practice in and the manipulation of language, especially in the taking a stand and building a case. Analysis of senior year at Skidmore and maintain at least media and in advertising. J. Devine a 2.0 grade average in their concentration for arguments from the perspective of logic, rhetorical appeals, and audience. the minor. Courses at the 100 level may not be EN 208. LANGUAGE AND GENDER 3 credited toward the minor. B. Personal Experience and the Critical Voice. Investigates the interaction of language and gender Intensive practice in the writing of polished essays by raising questions about society and culture in NOTE: 200-level courses in English are open that begin with the writer’s experiences and move on relation to language use. Systematic examination of to first-year students unless prerequisites or to explore the relationship of the self to the larger the following topics: the historical roots of both restrictions are stated in the description. world. Emphasis will be placed on finding a personal beliefs and practices related to gendered-language voice, exploring a variety of contemporary issues, differences in speech and writing; differing structural developing one’s ideas, and effectively revising one’s and functional characteristics of the language used COURSES IN COMPOSITION work. Readings include personal essays by both by women and men; the development of these classic and contemporary writers such as Montaigne, differences in early childhood and their personal and EN A. WRITING CLINIC Lamb, Didion, and Gates. social purposes; and the language behavior of men For those students in the College who are having C. The Arts Review. Intensive practice in writing and women in cross-cultural contexts. J. Devine difficulty writing essays and term papers. The student arts reviews on topics such as art exhibits, music attends private tutorial sessions with an English performances, dance, films, public lectures, and instructor. No credit. The Department current literature. Writing assignments focus on forms such as the short review, the essay review, and the profile. Reading of selected reviews by accomplished writers and critics, and analysis of writing from the 99 GENRE COURSES EN 223. WOMEN AND LITERATURE 3 EN 234. WESTERN LITERATURE: An introduction to the study of women and literature, THE MODERN WORLD 3 EN 211. FICTION 3 with particular attention to the various ways literary Books of the New Testament; selections from Designed to enhance the student’s capacity to read works have helped construct and also question the works of St. Augustine, Apuleius, Dante, novels and short stories. Explores fundamental differences between femininity and masculinity. Rabelais, Montaigne, Shakespeare, Cervantes, techniques of fiction, such as symbol and myth, irony, Matters considered include defining basic terms Swift, Nietzsche, and Dostoyevsky. (Fulfills arts-B parody, and stream-of-consciousness, within both (character, plot, genre, author, sex, gender) and component of breadth requirement.) The Department conventional and experimental forms. Recommended exploring the relations among those terms. preparation for advanced courses in fiction. (Fulfills The Department EN 335. THE CONTINENTAL NOVEL: arts-B component of breadth requirement.) NINETEENTH CENTURY 3 The Department EN 225. INTRODUCTION TO SHAKESPEARE 3 The continental novel as an expression of nineteenth- Selected comedies, histories, and tragedies. Prima- century social, intellectual, and artistic problems; not EN 213. POETRY 3 rily for nonmajors. M. Levith, V. Cahn, or an historical survey. Goethe, Stendhal, Flaubert, Designed to bring the general student into a familiar K. Greenspan Gogol, Dostoyevsky, Turgenev, Tolstoy, Zola. Pre- relationship with the language and structure of requisite: EN 201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN poetry. General readings from the whole range of EN 227. INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN- 211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the instructor. English and American poetry—from early ballads to AMERICAN LITERATURE 3 R. Boyers or S. Goodwin contemporary free forms—introduce students to A chronological exploration of literature by African- representative poets and forms. Recommended Americans from the early 1700s to the present, EN 336. THE CONTINENTAL NOVEL: preparation for all advanced courses in poetry. focusing on changes in the content and style and the TWENTIETH CENTURY 3 (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth requirement.) reasons for those changes, as well as on specific The continental novel as an expression of twentieth- The Department writers. A. Seaton, M. Stokes century social, intellectual, and artistic problems; not EN 215. DRAMA 3 an historical survey. Readings include Proust, Gide, The study of drama as literature. Reading of plays EN 229. SPECIAL STUDIES IN LITERATURE 3 Mann, and other major novelists. Prerequisite: EN 201 from different historic periods, focusing on modes of Introduction to a selected topic in literature and/or and 202 (in sequence); and EN 211, or 213, or 215; or comedy, tragedy, romance, tragicomedy, and melo- language. May be repeated with a different topic. permission of the instructor. R. Boyers or S. Goodwin drama. Introduction to the varied possibilities of form, The Department such as expressionism, naturalism, and the absurd. EN 339. MODERN EUROPEAN DRAMA 3 Recommended preparation for advanced courses in EN 243. NON-WESTERN ENGLISH Modern writers and principal modes (realism, expres- drama. (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth require- LITERATURE 3 sionism, absurdism) of the European drama since the ment.) The Department A study of the literatures in English from the Third late nineteenth century. Readings in such figures as World (India, Africa, and the Caribbean) since the Ibsen, Strindberg, Chekhov, Pirandello, Brecht, EN 217. FILM 3 end of colonialism. Major writers studied include Ionesco, Genet, Beckett. Prerequisite: EN 201 and Study of selected films that demonstrate the develop- Narayan, Rao, Anand, Achebe, Ngugi, Aidoo, Head, 202 (in sequence); and EN 211, or 213, or 215; or ment of various rhetorical or expressive techniques in Naipaul, Walcott, and Rhys. Students read the texts permission of the instructor. T. Diggory or V. Cahn the history of the movies. The course offers practical in an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural context. The approaches to film as a medium of communication course examines the implications of the emergence and as an art by examining a historical and interna- of English as a global lingua franca, the conditions of COURSES IN CREATIVE WRITING tional array of films — both English language and societies caught up between the opposing pressures subtitled — by such masters as: Griffith, Eisenstein, of tradition and modernity, and the displacement of Students considering a concentration in Chaplin, Stroheim, Lubitsch, Murnau, Pabst, Lang, the oral by the written tradition. (Fulfills non-Western creative writing should start with EN 281, Clair, Sternberg, Renoir, Carne, Hitchcock, Wells, culture requirement.) R. Parthasarathy Introduction to Fiction Writing or EN 282, Ford, DeSica, Rossellini, Ozu, Bergman, Antonioni, Introduction to Poetry Writing, the course Ray, Truffaut, Resnais, Tanner, and others. Lab fee: prerequisites for the workshops. Admission to $25. R. Boyers, J. Kiehl, or A. Wheelock LITERATURE IN TRANSLATION EN 381, Advanced Projects in Writing, and, in special cases, to EN 371, Independent Study, EN 230. THE BIBLE AS LITERATURE 3 GENERAL COURSES is based upon the requirement that the student Acquaints students with the contents of the Bible, will have taken two workshops. EN 201. EVOLVING CANON I 3 introduces them to its history (dates of composition, The first of a coordinated pair of courses offering establishment of canon, history of translations , EN 281. INTRODUCTION TO FICTION instruction in key writers, important texts, and the especially in English), and provides practice in WRITING 3 historical sequence of literary movements from identifying and interpreting Biblical allusion in literary An introduction to the writing of short stories. Writing classical, continental, British, and American literature. works. Some attention will also be given to doctrines and reading assignments are geared to the beginning Evolving Canon I extends chronologically through and theological controversy. R. Janes writer of fiction. Workshop format with the majority of the first half of the seventeenth century. Intended as class time devoted to discussions of student writing. a foundation for the English major, this course EN 231. NON-WESTERN LITERATURE: Prerequisite: EN 211. (Fulfills arts-A component of establishes a shared experience of texts and con- THE CLASSICAL WORLD 3 breadth requirement.) K. Davis, S. Millhauser, cepts. Required of all majors as preparation for 300- Hebrew, Sanskrit, Chinese, and Japanese literatures S. Stern, or T. Tolstaya level courses. EN 201 is a prerequisite for EN 202. in translation; readings may include books from the (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth requirement.) Hebrew Bible; selections from the Mahabharata, the EN 282. INTRODUCTION TO POETRY The Department works of Kalidasa, Somadeva, Li Po, Tu Fu, Po Chu-i, Wu Ch’eng-en, and Murasaki Shikibu. WRITING 3 An introduction to the writing of poetry. Writing and EN 202. EVOLVING CANON II 3 Students read the texts in an interdisciplinary and reading assignments are geared to the beginning The second of a coordinated pair of courses offering cross-cultural context. (Fulfills non-Western culture poet. Workshop format with the majority of class time instruction in key writers, important texts, and the requirement.) R. Parthasarathy devoted to discussions of student writing. Prerequi- historical sequence of literary movements from site: EN 213. (Fulfills arts-A component of breadth classical, continental, British, and American literature. EN 232. NON-WESTERN LITERATURE: requirement.) B. Goldensohn or R. Parthasarathy Evolving Canon II extends chronologically from the THE MODERN WORLD 3 second half of the seventeenth century through the Hebrew, Hindi, Urdu, Bengali, Chinese, and Japa- EN 379. POETRY WORKSHOP 3 early twentieth century. Intended as a foundation for nese literatures in translation; readings may include Intensive practice in the writing of poetry. May be the English major, this course establishes a shared selections from the works of Agnon, Amichai, Oz, repeated once for credit . Workshop format with most experience of texts and concepts. Required of all Megged, Yizhar, Premchand, Manto, Tagore, Lu Xun, class time devoted to discussion of student writing. majors as preparation for 300-level courses. Prereq- Zhang Jie, Kawabata, Mishima, Enchi Fumiko, and Reading and weekly writing assignments aimed at uisite: Evolving Canon I. The Department Hayashi Fumiko. Students read the texts in an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural context. (Fulfills increasing the poet’s range and technical sophistica- non-Western culture requirement.) R. Parthasarathy tion. Prerequisite: EN 201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN 282; or permission of instructor. B. Goldensohn 100 EN 380. FICTION WORKSHOP 3 EN 315. EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY NOVEL 3 EN 346. SHAKESPEARE: THE TRAGEDIES 3 Intensive practice in the writing of fiction. May be A generic, thematic, and cultural consideration of A study of ten tragedies. Prerequisite: EN201 and repeated once for credit. Workshop format with most selected romances and novels by Behn, Defoe, Swift, 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or class time devoted to discussion of student writing. Richardson, Fielding, Sterne, Goldsmith, Burney, and permission of the instructor. M. Levith or V. Cahn Readings and weekly writing assignments aimed at Austen. The study begins with the formulae of fic- increasing the fiction writer’s range and technical tional romance and examines the development of the EN 347. SPECIAL STUDIES IN sophistication. Prerequisite: EN 201 and 202 (in more sophisticated, psychological novel as it rises to SEVENTEENTH-CENTURY, sequence); and EN 281; or permission of instructor. eminence in English literature. Prerequisite: EN201 NON-DRAMATIC LITERATURE 3 K. Davis, S. Millhauser, S. Stern, or T. Tolstaya and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or Topics, genres, traditions and authors selected from permission of the instructor. J. Kiehl or R. Janes the non-dramatic literature of the seventeenth cen- EN 381. ADVANCED PROJECTS IN WRITING 3 tury, poetry and/or prose. Selections will vary de- Workshop format concentrating on discussion of EN 316. NINETEENTH-CENTURY NOVEL 3 pending upon the area of interest emphasized in a projects. The instructor determines whether the A generic, thematic and cultural consideration of given semester. Topics studied may draw on such course will be offered in fiction or in poetry. Prepara- selected novels by Austen, the Brontes, Thackeray, authors as Donne, Jonson, Bacon, Burton, Locke, tion of manuscript to be considered for departmental Dickens, Eliot, Trollope, and others. Prerequisite: Newton, and others. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 honors, in support of application for graduate writing EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permis- programs, and/or for publication. Prerequisite: Two 215; or permission of the instructor. sion of the instructor. EN213, 230, 234. Offered sections in the workshop of the appropriate genre C. Golden, or B. Black alternate years. M. Levith or B. Goldensohn (EN 379 for Advanced Projects in Poetry, EN 380 for Advanced Projects in Fiction); or permission of EN 341. SPECIAL STUDIES IN MEDIEVAL EN 348. MILTON 3 instructor. The Department LITERATURE 3 Milton’s English poetry, the vision it expresses, Investigation of a special topic in medieval English and its stylistic range. The course focuses on a literature with special attention to medieval literary measured, close examination of Paradise Lost— ADVANCED COURSES IN BRITISH AND conventions and to the cultural context in which they especially noticing its heritage, its structural genius, AMERICAN LITERATURE developed. Topics studied may draw on the works of and its psychologizing—and indicates the ways in the Gawain-poet, Langland, Malory, and others, and which this epic anticipates the succeeding ages of EN 310. THE AMERICAN NOVEL 3 may focus on a genre, a theme, or a period. Pre- great English fiction. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in Critical approaches to the American novel. Readings requisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission may vary from one year to the next, but usually or 213, or 215; or permission of the instructor. With of the instructor. Offered alternate years. include works by Hawthorne, Melville, James, Twain, permission of the department, the course may be M. Levith or J. Kiehl Dreiser, Cather, Hemingway, Faulkner, Bellow, and repeated once for credit. K. Greenspan Morrison.Prerequisite: EN 201 and 202 (in sequence); EN 350. RESTORATION AND EIGHTEENTH- and EN 211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the EN 342. CHAUCER 3 CENTURY LITERATURE 3 instructor. R. Ciancio, C. Goodman, S. Kress, Chaucer’s dream visions and The Canterbury Tales Literature in the ages of Dryden, Congreve, Swift, A. Wheelock, or M. Stokes (ca. 1370-1400). The social, economic, religious, and Addison, Pope, Johnson, and Sheridan. Plays, literary background of the High Middle Ages will essays, and the tradition of derivative-epic poems, EN 311. RECENT FICTION 3 clarify the satiric aspects of individual tales. studied with regard to major social and intellectual Studies of selected works of fiction published since Chaucer’s innovative handling of the conventions of dispositions of culture: humanism, the new science, the 1960s, with particular reference to the expanding frame and link-between-tales leads to speculation individualism, psychology, mercantilism, urbanization, possibilities of the genre. The readings feature about the structure of the fragment as a competitive and sentimentality. The study appreciates the vigor- authors such as Donald Barthelme, Heinrich Boll, sequence and about the formal correlatives to a ously renewed dramatic tradition from the reopening Jorge Luis Borges, Margaret Drabble, John Fowles, justice if not judicial at least poetic. Prerequisite: of the theaters in 1660. It also recognizes the shift John Gardner, William Gass, Gabriel Garciá EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or from patrician verse toward bourgeois prose manner Márquez, and Joyce Carol Oates. Prerequisite: 215; or permission of the instructor. K. Greenspan in literature. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in se- EN201and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or quence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of 215; or permission of instructor. The Department EN 343. ELIZABETHAN AND JACOBEAN the instructor. J. Kiehl or R. Janes DRAMA 3 EN 312. MODERN ENGLISH NOVEL 3 Study of the drama of the late sixteenth and early EN 351. ENGLISH ROMANTICISM 3 Study of generic, thematic, and cultural relationships seventeenth centuries, exclusive of Shakespeare, but Studies in English romanticism, its philosophic and among selected novels of early twentieth-century including such writers as Marlowe, Jonson, Webster, psychological departures from neoclassic poetry, writers such as Conrad, Ford, Joyce, Lawrence, Beaumont and Fletcher. Prerequisite: EN201 and and its consequences for modern literature. Empha- Forster, Woolf, and Huxley. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or sis on the major works of Blake, Coleridge, Words- 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the instructor. Offered alternate years. worth, Byron, Keats, and Shelley. Prerequisite: permission of the instructor. M. Levith or R. Janes EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or T. Lewis, J. Kiehl, or P. Boshoff 215; or permission of the instructor. EN 344. SPECIAL STUDIES IN SIXTEENTH- S. Goodwin, J. Ramsey, or B. Black EN 313. MODERNIST POETRY: 1890-1940 3 CENTURY, NON-DRAMATIC A study of major British, Irish, and American poets as LITERATURE 3 EN 352. VICTORIAN LITERATURE AND exponents of modernity—Yeats, Lawrence, Moore, Topics, genres, traditions and authors selected from CULTURE 3 Frost, Eliot, Pound, and Stevens.Prerequisite: EN201 the wide range of sixteenth-century non-dramatic A study of nineteenth-century English literature and and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or literature, poetry and/or prose. Topics studied may thought, featuring such principal prose writers as permission of the instructor. R. Boyers, draw on such authors as More, Sidney, Spenser, John Stuart Mill, Matthew Arnold, John Ruskin, T. Diggory, B. Goldensohn, or R. Parthasarathy Shakespeare, and Queen Elizabeth. Selections will Thomas Carlyle, Walter Pater, and William Morris, vary depending upon the area of interest emphasized and such poets as Alfred Tennyson, Robert Brown- EN 314. CONTEMPORARY POETRY 3 in a given semester. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 ing, and Christina Rossetti. Emphasis is given to a A study of British, Irish, and American poets since the (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permis- wide range of topics including political reform, 1930s—Auden, Thomas, Larkin, Heaney, Lowell, sion of the instructor. Offered alternate years. evolution, the rise of liberalism, the hero in history, Berryman, Plath, and Rich. Prerequisite: EN201 and M. Levith or R. Janes the meaning of literary ideas, and conceptions of 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or beauty. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); permission of the instructor. R. Boyers, T. Diggory, EN 345. SHAKESPEARE: COMEDIES, and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the B. Goldensohn or R. Parthasarathy HISTORIES AND ROMANCES 3 instructor. R. Boyers or B. Black A study of selected comedies, histories, and ro- mances. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the instructor. M. Levith or V. Cahn

101 EN 356. AMERICAN ROMANTICISM 3 EN 363. SPECIAL STUDIES IN LITERARY EN 389. PREPARATION FOR THE SENIOR Studies in American literature in the first half of the HISTORY 3 THESIS 3 nineteenth century, with particular attention to the New Studies in one or two authors of the British and Required of all second-semester junior or first- England Transcendentalist movement. Readings may American traditions, or in a specific literary topic, semester senior English majors who intend to write vary from one year to the next, but usually include genre, or question in literary history or theory. Pre- a thesis (EN390). Under the direction of a thesis works by Irving, Cooper, Poe, Hawthorne, Emerson, requisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and two advisor, the student reads extensively in primary and Thoreau, Fuller, Melville, Stowe, Douglass, and additional courses at the 200-level; or permission of secondary sources related to the proposed thesis Whitman. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); instructor. Meets specific major requirements as topic, develops his or her research skills, and brings and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the designated: the thesis topic to focus by writing an outline and instructor. A. Meets Early Period literature requirement. series of brief papers which will contribute to the R. Ciancio, C. Goodman, S. Kress, or M. Stokes B. Meets Later Period literature requirement. thesis. Offered only with approval in advance by the C. Meets other 300-level literature requirement. department. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in se- EN 357. THE RISE OF MODERN AMERICAN The Department quence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of LITERATURE 3 the instructor. The Department Studies in American literature extending from the EN. 364. ADVANCED SPECIAL STUDIES IN Civil War to World War I and remarking the disinte- LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE 3 EN 390. SENIOR THESIS 3 gration of Romanticism. Readings may vary from one Advanced study of a selected topic in literature and/ Intensive writing and revising of a senior thesis under year to the next, but usually include works by Twain, or language. May be repeated with a different topic. the close guidance of the student’s thesis committee. Howells, Dickinson, James, Chopin, Crane, Dreiser, The Department The thesis provides an opportunity for English majors Wharton, Frost, and Robinson. Prerequisite: EN201 to develop sophisticated research and writing skills, and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or EN 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 read extensively on a topic of special interest, and permission of the instructor. R. Ciancio, Research in English or American literature and produce a major critical paper of 40 to 80 pages. Not C. Goodman, S. Kress, A. Wheelock, or special projects in creative writing. Independent study required for the English major but strongly recom- M. Stokes provides an opportunity for any student already well mended as a valuable conclusion to the major and grounded in a special area to pursue a literary or as preparation for graduate study. Prerequisite: EN 358. TWENTIETH-CENTURY AMERICAN creative writing interest that falls outside the domain Either EN377, or 378, or 389; and approval in ad- LITERATURE 3 of courses regularly offered by the department. The vance of the thesis proposal by the department. Studies in literature extending from World War I student should carefully define a term’s work which The Department through the 1960s, with particular attention to the complements her or his background, initiate the distinctive forms and movements of twentieth-century proposal with a study-sponsor, and obtain formal EN 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN writing in America. Readings may vary from one year approval from the student’s advisor and the depart- ENGLISH 3 or 6 to the next, but usually include works by Cather, ment chair. Application to do such work in any Professional experience at an advanced level for Fitzgerald, Hemingway, Porter, Eliot, Stevens, semester should be made and approved prior to juniors and seniors with substantial academic and Faulkner, Hurston, O’Connor, Bellow, and Ellison. preregistration for that semester or, at the very latest, cocurricular experience in the major field. With faculty Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and before the first day of classes for the term. English sponsorship and department approval, students may EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the instructor. majors may take only one Independent Study to meet extend their educational experience into such areas R. Ciancio, C. Goodman, S. Kress, or M. Stokes requirements in Advanced Courses in British and as journalism, publishing, editing, and broadcasting. American Literature. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 Work will be supplemented by appropriate academic EN 359. MODERN BRITISH AND AMERICAN (in sequence); andEN 211, or 213, or 215; or permis- assignments and jointly supervised by a representa- DRAMA 3 sion of the instructor. The Department tive of the employer and a faculty member of the Major English, Irish, and American dramatists since department. Only three semester hours credit may the late nineteenth century, selected with attention to SENIOR TUTORIAL STUDIES count toward the 300-level requirement of the major. opposing trends in the theater of the time (realism vs. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and expressionism, verse drama vs. prose drama, com- EN 373, 374. SENIOR PROJECTS 3, 3 EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the instruc- edy of manners vs. folk comedy). Readings in such This offering allows a senior the opportunity to tor. Must be taken S/U. figures as Wilde, Shaw, Yeats, Synge, O’Casey, develop a particular facet of English study that he or O’Neill, Williams, Miller, Albee, Osborne, Pinter. she is interested in and has already explored to some Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and extent. It could include such projects as teaching, EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the instructor. creative writing, journalism, and film production as T. Diggory, V. Cahn, or C. Goodman well as specialized reading and writing on literary topics. Outstanding work may qualify the senior for EN 360. WOMEN WRITERS 3 departmental honors. All requirements for a regular Advanced studies in selected women writers. independent study apply. Prerequisites: EN201 and Students will read a group of women writers in the 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; and context of recent literary criticism and feminist theory. permission of department. The Department Issues addressed may include the relations among gender and style, psychological constructs, genre, EN 377, 378. RESEARCH SEMINAR 4, 4 literary history, audience, and social context. Prereq- A seminar in which students explore a topic, author, uisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or or text while progressing through the stages of writing 213, or 215; or permission of the instructor. a research paper. Common discussion of individual The Department projects and reading of published scholarship emphasize research as a process of shared inquiry. EN 361. THEORIES OF LITERARY CRITICISM 3 Students practice research methods, present work in An examination of modern literary methodologies, progress, and complete a substantial paper. Out- including new criticism, structuralism, archetypal standing work may qualify the senior for departmental criticism, and psychoanalytic criticism. The course honors. May substitute for EN389. Recommended for explores both the theories and their practical applica- seniors and advanced juniors. Prerequisite: EN201 tion, with a concentration on a particular literary and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; problem of significance, such as the question of and permission of instructor. The Department meaning, the nature of the text, or the contribution of reader response. Prerequisite: EN201 and 202 (in sequence); and EN211, or 213, or 215; or permission of the instructor. The English Department will accept PH330E as the equivalent of EN361. T. Diggory or S. Goodwin

102 Excluding the capstone course, no more than BI 327. CONSERVATION ECOLOGY Environmental Studies two courses from either cluster may be taken BI 370. COMPUTER MODELING OF in a single department. No more than two BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS courses from the student’s major may count CH 103. FUNDAMENTALS OF CHEMISTRY Director of the Environmental Studies for the minor, and these must be approved by WITH LAB Program: Judith Halstead, Ph.D. the Environmental Studies Committee in con- CH 105. CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES I sultation with the student’s major department. CH 106. CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES II Faculty: CH 303. ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY ES 105. FIELD STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL American Studies: Wilma Hall, Gregory Pfitzer ES 100. ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS IN SCIENCE Biology: David Domozych, Roy Meyers, PERSPECTIVE 3 GE 101. PHYSICAL GEOLOGY Monica Raveret- Richter, Corey Freeman- An interdisciplinary, multiple-perspective approach to GE 102. HISTORICAL GEOLOGY Gallant the study of environmental concerns. In this course, GE 112. OCEANOGRAPHY — INTRODUCTION Business: James Kennelly students study the interaction of human beings and TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT Chemistry and Physics: Steven Frey, their social, political, and economic institutions with GE 207. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY the natural environment. Issues such as air pollution, Raymond Giguere, Judith Halstead, GE 304. GEOMORPHOLOGY water pollution, and land management are discussed Vasantha Narasimhan, Janis Skog Ritorto, GE 315. SEDIMENTOLOGY Anne Wagner from the perspectives of both the natural sciences Education: Paul Mihalec and the social sciences. Local, regional, national, Policy Cluster Geology: Kenneth Johnson, John Thomas, international, and historical perspectives on these issues are also discussed. Prerequisite: QR1. Richard Lindemann, AM 250.B REGIONAL CULTURE: "The West" J. Halstead Government: Roy Ginsberg, Stuart Witt, AM 260.B THEMES IN AMERICAN CULTURE: Library: Jane Graves “The Machine in the Garden” ES 105. FIELD STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AM 260.F THEMES IN AMERICAN CULTURE: Mathematics and Computer Science: Una SCIENCE 4 “Environment in American Culture” Bray, Robert DeSieno An interdisciplinary approach to the study of environ- AM 376.F TOPICS IN AMERICAN CULTURE Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work: mental issues. The primary focus of this course is the “America and the Sea ” Susan Bender, Michael Ennis-McMillan drinking water supply for Saratoga Springs, AN 345. ECOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY Loughberry Lake. The source of the lake's water, BU 357. BUSINESS AND PUBLIC POLICY The Skidmore College environmental studies chemical characteristics of the lake, and the nature of EC 316. ECONOMICS OF DEVELOPMENT minor provides the student with the opportunity the land surrounding the lake are considered from a EC 343. ENVIRONMENTAL AND RESOURCE geologic and chemical perspective. The course to study interrelationships between humans ECONOMICS involves field work and emphasizes the scientific and their environment and the problems result- GO 222. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT method, techniques, and theories used to measure ing from these interrelationships. The minor is GO 305. INTEREST GROUPS AND PUBLIC and analyze changes in the environment. The course interdisciplinary and designed for both stu- POLICY also explores energy use and conservation and the dents who are interested in using it as part of PH 230.A TOPICS IN PHILOSOPHY: “Philosophy effects of an individual's lifestyle on the environment. their preparation for an environment-oriented of Science” Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab a week. career and for students who want to have a SO 322. ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIOLOGY Prerequisite: QR1. (Fulfills a lab science requirement; LS2 103. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND better understanding of environmental issues fulfills nature-B [lab] component of breadth require- NATIONAL SECURITY generally. ment; fulfills QR2 requirement.) LS2 137. BUSINESS AND THE NATURAL J. Thomas, J. Halstead, S. Frey The environmental studies minor involves ENVIRONMENT LS2 146. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE interdisciplinary study in the natural sciences, ES 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 LS2 160. A GREEN WORLD: HUMAN/PLANT humanities, and social sciences directed An opportunity for qualified students to pursue COEVOLUTION toward helping the student gain an under- independent study or research in environmental LS2 166. HUMAN INTERACTION WITH THE studies under the supervision of an appropriate standing of the complexity of the natural world, LAND — ATTITUDES AND IMPACTS faculty member. The written study proposal must be the values and ethical problems connected LS IV 008. NATURE AND SOCIAL VALUES approved by the Environmental Studies Committee. with how humankind perceives nature and its LS IV 029. EPIDEMICS AND SOCIETY relationship to nature, and the history of LS IV 034. PLAYING NATURE: ORGANIC ES 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN environmental policy as it has evolved in the SYNTHESIS AND SOCIETY, 1900-1975 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES 3, 6 context of the competing priorities of environ- LS IV 042. ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE AND Interdisciplinary professional experience at an ad- mental protection and economic development. ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM vanced level for juniors or seniors with substantial SOLVING academic experience in environmental studies. With THE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES MINOR faculty sponsorship and Environmental Studies The minor consists of seven courses including: Committee approval, students may extend their 1. A foundation course, ES100: Environmental educational experience in environmentally related Concerns in Perspective. interdisciplinary areas, such as environmental con- sulting, environmental advocacy, environmental law, 2. Two courses selected from the sciences and environmental outreach. Offered satisfactory/ cluster. unsatisfactory only. 3. Two courses selected from the policy cluster. Sciences Cluster

4. One additional course selected from either AN 103. HUMAN EVOLUTION the sciences cluster or policy cluster. BI 135. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE 5. An environmentally focused independent BI 140. MARINE BIOLOGY study/research/ internship (chosen from BI 160. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY courses numbered 371, 372; 375, 376; BI 180. INTRODUCTORY BOTANY or 399 in the respective department; or BI 190. POPULATIONS AND ADAPTATIONS ED351), approved by the Environmental BI 237. PLANT BIOLOGY Studies Committee, and upon completion, BI 307. ORNITHOLOGY BI 312 . FIELD ZOOLOGY OF VERTEBRATES presented to the committee. Upperclass BI 316. ANIMAL BEHAVIOR research or a senior thesis required for BI 317. ECOLOGY the student’s major may satisfy this BI 324. EVOLUTION requirement. BI 325. TROPICAL ECOLOGY 103 Students who major in exercise science must ACTIVITY COURSES Exercise Science (1) fulfill the general College requirements as listed on page 46; (2) complete nine courses in Courses are designated 100 level (beginning), 200 exercise science as listed below; (3) complete level (intermediate), 300 level (advanced). Chair of the Department of Exercise Science, two physical activity courses as listed below; The department expects students to enroll for Dance, and Athletics Jeffrey Segrave, Ph.D. (4) complete CH103 or 105 (preferably in the the appropriate level based on their previous first year); and (5) have CPR certification by experiences and skills levels; the department Exercise Science Faculty: the end of the second year. reserves the right to make adjustments as needed. Physical activity courses may not be Professors: P. Timothy Brown, P.E.D.; Jeffrey repeated for credit but may be repeated as audits. The nine courses in exercise science must Segrave, Ph.D. Students are allowed one credit per level per include EX111, 119, 126, 127, 241, 311, 355, Associate Professors: Denise Smith, Ph.D.; activity toward graduation. Riding courses carry 361, and 374 or 375. The two physical activity Patricia Fehling, Ph.D. prerequisites. Courses may be added or deleted courses must include one semester hour in as appropriate. Course series are half-credit Assistant Professor: Paul Arciero, Ph.D. weight training,* and one semester hour in an offerings. Non-liberal arts. Teaching Associates in Athletics: Michael aerobic fitness activity.** Garcia, M.S.; Mary Anne Gerzanick, M.S.; Erika PHYSICAL ACTIVITY I Students interested in professional courses of Gillis, M.S.; John Huckel, M.A.; Ron Plourde, A. Aquatics M.S.; John Quattrochi, M.A.; James P. Tucci, B.S. study at the graduate level should consult with PA101A Beginning Swimming the chair of the department so that the neces- B. Sports The Department of Exercise Science, Dance, sary biology, chemistry, physics, psychology, PA101/102B Beginning Tennis and Athletics provides a range of curricular and other prerequisites become part of the PA103/104B Beginning Golf and cocurricular programs for students, four-year curriculum plan. PA105/106B Mountain Biking including: PA107/108B Indoor Soccer HONORS: To be considered for honors in PA109/110B Softball 1. Opportunities to major or minor in exercise exercise science students must meet the PA111/112B Lacrosse science or dance (see p. 92), or pursue an College grade-point average requirement of PA113/114B Flag Football interdepartmental major in dance-theater 3.0 overall and 3.5 in the major. Students must PA115/116B Fly Fishing (see p. 143); also receive a grade of at least A- in EX374 or PA120B Beginning Racquetball PA121B Beginning Squash 2. Experiences through which majors and 375, Senior Research, a capstone experience required of all majors. PA 122B Beginning Handball nonmajors can develop an appreciation for PA123B Volleyball and an understanding of human PA124B Badminton movement, performance, and the art of THE MINOR IN EXERCISE SCIENCE: PA125B Small-sided Soccer dance; The minor consists of five courses to include PA126B Basketball EX111, 119, 126, 127, 311; one physical 3. Opportunities to develop competence in PA127B Group Games activity course in weight training,* and one various individual, lifetime, and team C. Conditioning (includes Martial Arts) physical activity course in an aerobic fitness sports; and PA101/102C Jogging activity.** PA110C Aerobic Dance 4. A variety of intercollegiate, intramural, and * chosen from beginning weight training, inter- PA111C Self-paced Fitness club opportunities. PA112C Beginning Weight Training mediate weight training, bodybuilding, or PA113C Beginning Rowing power lifting THE MAJOR IN EXERCISE SCIENCE: PA114C Judo Exercise science comprises the study and ** chosen from swim for fitness, advanced PA115C Karate PA116 C Self Defense expansion of knowledge concerning the rela- swim for fitness, marathon training or self- paced fitness R. Riding tionship between physical activity and human PA101R Introduction to Riding I health. Course work and research emphasize PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND SPORT FOR ALL: PA102R Introduction to Riding II an understanding of the effects of acute and PA103R Position and Control I Instructional classes focus on increasing the chronic exercise on human function and PA104R Position and Control II health, and the physiological and biochemical level of skill in an activity, understanding the PA105R Novice Equitation I mechanisms that underlie the response and basic principles of movement involved, and PA106R Novice Equitation II adaptations to exercise. Underlying the cur- applying them in a particular situation. Courses Each of these riding courses has the course before it riculum is a commitment to physical fitness, are sectioned according to ability level. as a prerequisite or permission of instructor. health promotion, and disease prevention. Classes meet for two hours a week. Seasonal PHYSICAL ACTIVITY II sports are limited to a six-week period. The bachelor of science degree in exercise A. Aquatics science is designed to prepare students for PA201A Intermediate Swimming graduate study and careers in exercise Some activities, e.g., SCUBA diving and riding PA202A Swim for Fitness science and allied health fields. The exercise carry an instructional fee (listing of fees posted PA203A Scuba science major serves as the academic at registration). B. Sports foundation for advanced studies in several PA201/202B Intermediate Tennis subdisciplines of the field, including: exercise The Department of Exercise Science, Dance, PA203/204B Intermediate Gold physiology, bioenergetics, nutrition, sports and Athletics and the Athletic Council work PA220B Intermediate Racquetball medicine, biomechanics, kinesiology, and closely together to provide a well balanced PA221B Intermediate Squash sport psychology. The major can also serve as program of recreational and interest group PA222B Intermediate Handball the academic foundation for advanced study activities. The Athletic Council provides oppor- C. Conditioning (Includes Martial Arts) PA201/202C Intermediate Jogging and careers in allied health fields, including tunities for all students to engage in competi- PA210C Intermediate Aerobic Dance physical therapy, athletic training, cardiac tive and recreational sport activities within the College community. PA211C Intermediate Self-paced Fitness rehabilitation, and occupational therapy. PA212C Intermediate Weight Training PA213C Intermediate Rowing GUEST LECTURERS: Outstanding special- PA214C Marathon Training ists are brought to the campus each year to F. First Aid lecture and conduct clinics or workshops in an PA201F First Aid and CPR (cardiopulmonary area of exercise science. resuscitation) 104 R. Riding EX. 127. HUMAN ANATOMY AND supplementation. Focus will be on recent research PA201R Intermediate Equitation I PHYSIOLOGY II 4 examining nutrient metabolism in exercise and disease PA202R Intermediate Equitation II This course is a continuation of the study of the prevention. Prerequisites: CH103, EX111, 126, 127 PA203R Advance Equitation structure and function of the human body. The course P. Arciero PA204R Combined Training I will cover the circulatory, respiratory, digestive, B. Cardiorespiratory Aspects of Human PA205R Combined Training II urinary, endocrine, immune, and reproductive sys- Performance. This course deals with the cardio- PA206R Introduction to Dressage tems. Emphasis is placed on understanding the vascular, respiratory, and metabolic aspects of human PA207R Schooling interrelationships among the body systems and their physical performance and fitness. Emphasis is given to PA 106R is prerequisite for PA201R and PA201R is role in maintaining homeostasis. Three hours of both the acute and chronic adaptations of the cardio- prerequisite for 202R, or permission of instructor for lecture, two hours of lab a week. Prerequisite: respiratory system to exercise stress. Furthermore, this both. PA203R-207R require permission of instructor. EX126. (Qualifies as a nature-B [lab] course for course explores the neural control mechanisms respon- breath requirement.) D. Smith sible for regulating the cardiorespiratory response to PHYSICAL ACTIVITY III static and dynamic exercise. Prerequisites: EX111, EX 212. INTRODUCTION TO SPORTS A. Aquatics 126, 127 and CPR certification. D. Smith MEDICINE AND ATHLETIC TRAINING 3 PA302A Advanced Swim for Fitness This course serves as an introduction to the field of C. Applied Anatomy and Kinesiology. This PA304A Lifeguard Training sports medicine in general and athletic training in course deals with the anatomical and mechanical PA305A Water Safety Instructor particular. Lectures and laboratories will cover basic principles of human movement. Both qualitative and B. Sports evaluation, management, and prevention of athletic quantitative analyses will be presented. An emphasis PA301/302B Advanced Tennis injuries as well as current methods of sports condi- will be placed on the analysis of health-related move- PA303/304B Advanced Golf tioning. Prerequisite: EX126, 127, or permission of ments, i.e., sitting, standing, and transitional postures, PA320B Advanced Racquetball instructor. Non-liberal arts. M. Garcia walking and running gaits, and low-back problems. PA321B Advanced Squash These kinesiological analyses will also be applied to PA322B Advanced Handball EX 241. EXERCISE TESTING AND special populations including children, aged, and C. Conditioning (includes Martial Arts) PRESCRIPTION 4 injured. Prerequisites: EX126, 127. P. Fehling PA308C Power Lifting Discusses the theoretical and applied aspects of PA309C Body Building D. Advanced Sports Medicine and Athletic exercise testing and exercise prescription. The role of R. Riding Training. This course provides an exploration of the exercise testing in disease prediction, evaluation of PA301R Applied Schooling current issues and research in sports medicine and the medical and surgical treatment, assessment of PA302R Applied Dressage application of this research to athletic training. Topics maximal aerobic capacity, and exercise prescription PA303R Stable Management may include rehabilitation, preventative measures, the will be presented. Attention will be given to the Independent Study: effects of ingesta, and controversial training practices. development of appropriate exercise prescriptions to PA304R Introduction to Teaching Prerequisites: EX212 and CPR certification. M. Garcia various populations. Prerequisites: EX111 and CPR PA305R Intermediate Teaching certification. Non-liberal arts. P. Arciero or P. Fehling E. Neuromuscular Aspects of Human PA306R Advanced Teaching Performance. This course will explore the neural, The 300-level riding courses require permission of EX 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN muscular, and skeletal aspects of human physical instructor; PA304R-306R are taught one-on-one. EXERCISE SCIENCE 3 performance and fitness. Emphasis is given to both An internship opportunity for students whose curricu- the exercise response and training adaptations of the lar foundations and cocurricular experience have neuromuscular systems to exercise stress. Further- THEORY prepared them for professional work related to the more, this course explores ways of enhancing perfor- major field. With faculty sponsorship and department mance via structured resistance training and the EX 111. INTRODUCTION TO EXERCISE approval, students may extend their educational usefulness of various nutritional supplements. Pre- SCIENCE 4 experience into such areas as sports medicine, requisites: EX111, 126, 127. D. Smith This course is an introduction to the scientific bases of physical therapy, and related fields. Prerequisite: F. Body Composition. This course will expose the physical activity. Lectures emphasize the study of the CPR certification may be required depending upon physiological change and adaptations that occur as a student to the study of the human body composition. the nature of the internship. Non-liberal arts. Must be The class will study the various constituents of the result of the stress of exercise. These processes will taken S/U. be illustrated through lab work. Three hours of lecture, body, as well as the assumptions and violations of two hours of lab a week. (Qualifies as a nature-B [lab] various methodologies of determining body composi- EX 311. PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE 4 tion. Additionally the class will analyze the changes that course for breath requirement.) This course explores the physiological changes in the P. Fehling or P. Arciero occur in body composition with aging, weight-reduction human body that occur during physical activity as or weight-gaining programs, and certain disease states. well as the structural and physiological adaptations Prerequisites: EX111, 126, 127. P. Fehling EX 119. SPORT AND SOCIAL ISSUES 3 that occur as a result of a training program. Emphasis This course serves as an introduction to the academic is placed on understanding the physiological mecha- study of sport and the use of sociological, psychologi- EX 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 nisms responsible for the exercise response and Advanced research under guidance of a faculty mem- cal, historical, and philosophical tools for the study of training adaptation. Prerequisites: EX111, 126, 127, critical issues surrounding the cultural phenomenon of ber. A student may receive liberal arts credit at the 241 and CPR certification. Three hours of lecture, discretion of both the department chair and the regis- sport. (Fulfills society-A component of breadth re- three hours of lab. D. Smith quirement.) J. Segrave trar. Prerequisite: Permission of the department; CPR certification may be required depending upon the EX 355. RESEARCH DESIGN 3 nature of the research. The Department EX 126. HUMAN ANATOMY AND An examination of fundamental concepts in research PHYSIOLOGY I 4 design. Emphasis is placed on using research design This course studies the structure and function of the EX 374, 375. SENIOR RESEARCH 3, 3 techniques to systematically investigate, describe, A capstone experience required of all exercise science human body. The course begins with fundamental and interpret events. This course is designed to principles of biochemistry, cell biology, and histology, majors. Study involves research in the discipline of prepare students for EX374 and 375. Prerequisites: exercise science. Students work on a specialized topic followed by a study of the integumentary, skeletal, two EX theory courses. The Department muscular, and nervous systems. Emphasis is placed chosen during the fall semester in consultation with a member of the department faculty who agrees to serve on the interdependence of structure and function at EX 361. TOPICS IN EXERCISE SCIENCE 3 both the cellular and system level. Three hours of as advisor. This course will include a written and oral This course will give students the opportunity to study presentation of the completed thesis to a research lecture, two hours of lab a week. (Qualifies as a special topics or current issues in exercise science at nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) committee. Prerequisite: EX355 and CPR certification. an advanced level. The specific topic will vary each Non-liberal arts. The Department D. Smith time the course is offered. May be repeated for credit with a different topic. EX 376. SEMINAR 3 A. Nutrition and Bioenergetics. This course will This course provides an exploration of a variety of explore many specific aspects of nutrition in health perspectives and issues in exercise science. and exercise. Special emphasis is directed toward The Department understanding the biochemical and physiological adaptations following nutritional manipulation and 105 Students with a score of 570 or above on the HONORS: To be eligible for departmental Foreign Languages and foreign language Achievement Test (ETS) or honors, a student must write a thesis in the who receive an Advanced Placement score foreign language and pass an oral defense of Literatures of at least 3 should register for courses the thesis, complete course 374 with a grade numbered 206 or higher. Students who earn of A- or better, and have at least a 3.5 average Chair of the Department of Foreign Languages 540 to 560 in the Achievement Test should in the major. Outstanding students are also and Literatures: Giuseppe Faustini, Ph.D. register for 202 , 203,or, in the case of French, eligible for nomination to the Omicron-Omicron Professors: Lynne Gelber, Ph.D.; John FF205. Those with scores of 500 to 530 chapter of Phi Sigma Iota, the national foreign Anzalone, Ph.D.; Juan-Carlos Lértora, Ph.D.; should register for 201 or 203 in the cases of language honor society, and Sigma Delta Pi, Giuseppe Faustini, Ph.D. French and Spanish, and those with scores of the national Spanish honor society. 0 to 490 should register for 103. Students with Associate Professors: Patricia Rubio, Ph.D.; scores on an A.P. test of 4 or 5 may receive THE FRENCH MINOR: A student electing to Grace Burton, Ph.D.; Hédi A. Jaouad, Ph.D.; credit toward graduation. minor in French, upon acceptance by the Mary-Elizabeth O’Brien, Ph.D.; Shirley Smith, department, chooses an advisor in the Depart- Ph.D.; Mao Chen, Ph.D.; Marc-André THE FRENCH MAJOR: Students majoring in ment of Foreign Languages and Literatures to Wiesmann, Ph.D.; Michael Mudrovic, Ph.D. French fulfill the departmental requirements by assist in working out a program suitable to that Visiting Associate Professor: Reinhard Mayer, Ph.D. completing a minimum of eleven courses person’s aims and needs. The minor program above the intermediate level, including FF208 consists of six courses beyond the 205 inter- Assistant Professors: Adrienne Zuerner, Ph.D.; and 210; two from among FF213, 214, 216, mediate level in French language, literature, or Viviana Rangil, Ph.D. 219, or 221; and 376. As many as two courses civilization, including FF210 and 208; and two Visiting Assistant Professor: Kathleen Szantor, designated FL may be taken. courses from among FF213, 214, 216, 219 or Ph.D. 221; one may be a course designated FL. THE GERMAN MAJOR: Students majoring in Exceptions to these requirements must be Lecturers: Charlene Grant, M.A.; Cynthia German fulfill the departmental requirements approved by the department. At least three of Evans, M.A.; Masako Inamoto, M.S.; Madelyn by completing a minimum of eleven courses the courses that are counted toward the minor Alvarino, M.A.; Diana Barnes M.A.; Richard above the intermediate level, including FG213, must be taken at Skidmore. Bonanno, M.A.; Patricia Han, M.Phil.; Regina 214, and 376. As many as two courses desig- Schroeder, M.A.; Daren Snider, M.A. nated FL may be taken. LS2109 and 110 may THE GERMAN MINOR: A student electing a Study-Abroad Lecturers: Angel Berenguer, be used to meet the requirements. minor in German, upon acceptance by the D.es L.; Joan Berenguer, D. es L.; Alain department, chooses an advisor in the Depart- Matthey de l’Etang, Ph.D. THE SPANISH MAJOR: Students majoring in ment of Foreign Languages and Literatures to Spanish fulfill the departmental requirements assist in working out a program suitable to that Foreign Language Resource Center Director: by completing a minimum of eleven courses person’s aims and needs. The minor program Cynthia Evans, M.A. above the intermediate level, including FS208, consists of six courses beyond the 202 inter- Language Assistants: *Manoel Cartagenes, A.A.; 211, 212, and 376. As many as two courses mediate level in German language, literature, *Veena Chandra, M.M.; *Sonia Goldman, M.S.; designated FL may be taken. or civilization, including 213 and 214; one may *Regina Hartmann, Ph.D.; *Sang Lee, M.S.; be an FL-designated course. LS2 109 and 110 *Polina Shvartsman, M.S.M.E. FRENCH AREA STUDIES PROGRAM: may be used to meet the requirements. Excep- Students may elect a program designed to tions to these requirements must be approved The principal aims of the department are to incorporate several aspects of French culture by the department. At least three of the develop in the student an ability to understand, in order to develop in-depth knowledge of the courses that are counted toward the minor speak, and write the languages of his or her country and civilization. Each student will work must be taken at Skidmore. choice, and to read with appreciation literary out an individual eleven-course program, as and cultural writings in the languages approved by the department, that should THE ITALIAN MINOR: A student electing a concerned. The attainment of the first of include two courses from among FF213, 214, minor in Italian, upon acceptance by the these aims is facilitated on the elementary 216, 219 or 221; at least four courses on department, chooses an advisor in the Depart- and intermediate level through practice in the French topics from four other departments; at ment of Foreign Languages and Literatures to Foreign Language Resource Center. Students least three courses in French on the 300 level assist in working out a program suitable to that particularly interested in deepening their as well as 374 (Thesis), or 376 (Seminar) in person’s aims and needs. The minor program experience of their language and culture may which the written project integrates materials consists of six courses beyond the 202 inter- take advantage of a variety of related extra- drawn from several disciplines in the particular mediate level in the Italian language, literature, curricular activities. area of interest. Students in this program may and civilization, including 211 and 212; one elect a concentration in a particular period or a may be a course designated FL. Exceptions to Since the department offers a rotation of particular topic, for example: France in the these requirements must be approved by the advanced courses in French, German, and nineteenth century, the status of women, the department. At least three of the courses that Spanish, students desiring a major in one of role of money, or the tradition of revolution in are counted toward the minor must be taken at these languages should begin as sophomores France. Skidmore. to plan their programs for their junior and senior years. INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In THE SPANISH MINOR: A student electing a conjunction with the relevant departments, minor in Spanish, upon acceptance by the Students majoring in the department are the Department of Foreign Languages and department, chooses an advisor in the Depart- expected to acquire fluency and accuracy in Literatures offers majors in business-French, ment of Foreign Languages and Literatures to one or more of the modern languages; a business-German, business-Spanish; econom- assist in working out a program suitable to that general knowledge of the civilization and ics-French, economics-German, economics- person’s aims and needs. The minor program culture that the language expresses; an ability Spanish; English-French, English-German, shall consist of six courses beyond the 203 to interpret texts linguistically, stylistically, and English-Spanish; government-French, govern- intermediate level in Hispanic language, litera- historically; and an intensive knowledge of ment-German, and government-Spanish. ture, or civilization, including 208, 211 and certain, defined periods of literature. See Interdepartmental Majors, page 142. The 212; one may be a course designated FL. department participates in the international Exceptions to these requirements must be affairs minor. approved by the department. At least three of the courses that are counted toward the minor must be taken at Skidmore. 106 CLASSICAL LANGUAGES: Instruction in CHINESE FF 203. INTENSIVE INTERMEDIATE FRENCH 4 classical Greek and Latin is offered through Continuing intensive study of the structures of the the advanced level. For the course listings and FC 101. ELEMENTARY CHINESE I 4 French language. Extensive practice in conversation requirements for the classics major and minor, An introduction of modern Mandarin. Basic grammar, and writing. Vocabulary building through the reading see the Classics Department. conversation, reading, and writing. Four hours of of appropriate texts in the literature and culture. Four class, one hour of lab per week. M. Chen hours of class and one hour of lab. The Department SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL LANGUAGES: FF 205. INTERMEDIATE CONVERSATIONAL Instruction in Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi, Korean, FC 102. ELEMENTARY CHINESE II 4 Continuing study of basic grammar and conversation FRENCH 3 Portuguese, and Russian is offered on an with an increased emphasis on reading and writing. Development of nonliterary, informal spoken vocabu- independent study basis. The student works Four hours of class, one hour of lab per week. lary, and expressions used in everyday situations. with textbooks and tapes and meets with a M. Chen Extensive practice in conversational idioms and work native tutor for two hours a week of oral prac- FC 201. INTERMEDIATE CHINESE I 4 on accent and intonation. Prerequisite: two years of tice. A final examination is given by an outside Review of grammar, practice in conversation and high-school French or equivalent or permission of examiner approved by the National Association translation, preparing the student to read vernacular instructor. The Department of Self-Instructional Language Programs from a style Chinese (baihuawen) and to write simple neighboring university. Students interested in essays. Four hours of class, one hour of lab per The following courses satisfy major requirements. pursuing these courses should consult with week. M. Chen Professor Evans in the Department of Foreign FF 208. ADVANCED GRAMMAR AND Languages and Literatures before spring regis- FC 202. INTERMEDIATE CHINESE II 4 COMPOSITION 3 tration for the following academic year. Continuing review of grammar, practice in conversa- Review of grammar, idioms, and vocabulary. Inten- tion, writing and translation, readings of selected sive practice in writing short essays. Prerequisite: FF202, 203, or 205 or permission of instructor. This FOREIGN LANGUAGE RESOURCE CENTER: texts concerning Chinese history and culture. Discussion in Chinese on assigned materials. Four course is required for the major. The Department The FLRC accommodates a twenty-station Mac hours of class, one hour of lab per week. (Fulfills lab-classroom network providing access to non-Western culture requirement.) M. Chen FF 210. INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY multimedia materials developed by Skidmore ANALYSIS 3 faculty, commercially produced language FC 208. ADVANCED CHINESE Reading and discussion of literary texts in the major software, foreign-language word processing CONVERSATION AND genres—poetry, theater, and prose—through close programs, as well as access to the Internet COMPOSITION 4 textual analysis. This course emphasizes the devel- and World Wide Web. An additional videodisc Intensive practice in daily use of Chinese in a cultural opment of the analytical skills involved in doing a station supports the use of multimedia pro- context. Review of grammar, idioms, vocabulary, and close reading and the critical skill needed for writing grams. A scanning workstation enables users writing skills. Prerequisite: FC202 or permission of explications de texte. Regular papers required. to digitize materials for multimedia lessons the instructor. M. Chen Prerequisite: FF202, 203 or permission of the instruc- and Web pages. Audio equipment provides tor. This course is required for the major in French. supports for cassette-tape programs in all FC 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3 (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth requirement.) languages. The center receives and tapes Individual study projects under the guidance of the The Department foreign satellite broadcasts and maintains a department. M. Chen FF 301. BUSINESS FRENCH 3 permanent video collection. Study of communication and cultural understanding FRENCH in commercial transactions of everyday French life. PARIS CHAMBER OF COMMERCE EXAMI- The course covers such topics as real estate, man- NATIONS: The department encourages quali- Courses in Language agement, advertising, marketing, insurance, person- fied students of economics and business to nel relations, banking, imports and exports, and doing take the Certificat Pratique de Français Com- FF 101. ELEMENTARY FRENCH I 4 business in France. These topics will be considered mercial et Economique or the Diplôme Basic grammar, composition, conversation, and read- in the context of the geography of France, its Supérieur de Français des Affaires offered by ings. Four hours of class, one hour of lab. Presup- agriculture and industrial production, its trade, the Chambre de Commerce et d’Industrie de poses no previous study of French. The Department transportation and taxation systems. Students will be Paris. Both the Certificat and the Diplôme attest encouraged to take the Paris Chamber of Commerce to students’ knowledge of business French and FF 102. ELEMENTARY FRENCH II 4 exam at the end of the semester. Required for to their ability to express themselves orally and Continuation of FF 101. Basic grammar, composition, business-French major. Prerequisite: FF 208 or in writing. The department gives these Paris conversation and readings. Four hours of class, one permission of instructor. M. Wiesmann Chamber of Commerce examinations annually. hour of lab. Prerequisite: FF101. The Department FF 304. ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND FF 103. INTENSIVE ELEMENTARY FRENCH 4 PRONUNCIATION 3 GERMAN FOR BUSINESS CERTIFICATION: Intensive review of introductory reading, speaking, Development of oral skills to increase active vocabu- The department encourages qualified students oral comprehension, writing, and grammatical struc- lary, fluency, and use of authentic French structures of economics and business to take the Zertifi- tures of the language for those with some experience and intonation through reading and discussion of kat Deutsch für den Beruf (ZDfB). This exami- in the fundamentals but who still need to acquire the issues in contemporary French society such as nation, jointly developed by the Goethe competency expected at the completion of the immigration, unemployment, gender distinctions, Institute and the Deutscher Volkshochschul- equivalent of 102. Four hours of class, one hour of changing family patterns, education, and political verband, attests to students' knowledge of lab. The Department parties in the "hexagon," and the influence of the business German and their ability to express European community on French life. L. Gelber themselves orally and in writing. The depart- FF 201. INTERMEDIATE FRENCH I 3 ment administers the ZDfB examination annually. Review of grammar, reading of selected texts, FF 306. TRANSLATION AND STYLISTICS 3 practice in conversation and writing. Three hours of A translation course for the study of the structure of PROGRAMS ABROAD: The department class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FF102 or 103 or the French language through comparative examina- tion of vocabulary, grammar, and cultural influences. encourages qualified students to participate in permission of instructor based on placement test. The Department The course provides extensive practice of the tradi- Skidmore’s programs in Paris or Madrid and to tional exercise of thème et version (translations back take advantage of accredited programs in FF 202. INTERMEDIATE FRENCH II 3 and forth of texts from a variety of disciplines) to Germany, Italy, and Spanish America. Continuation of FF201. Review of grammar, reading develop an awareness of the idiomatic distinctions of of selected texts, practice in conversation and writing. French and English, the variety of written styles and Courses offered in English are designated Three hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: what constitutes one’s own prose expression. FL. FF201 or permission of instructor based on place- Prerequisite: FF208 or consent of instructor. ment test. The Department J. Anzalone 107 Courses in Literature and Civilization FF 224. FRENCH CIVILIZATION FROM GAUL GERMAN TO 1815 3 FF 213. MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE French culture and civilization from the Gallo-Roman Courses in Language FRENCH LITERATURE 3 period to the 1789 revolution and its immediate after- A survey of medieval and Renaissance French math. This course will trace the succession of broad FG 101. ELEMENTARY GERMAN I 4 literature focusing on the origins and development of political and societal phenomena defined by tradi- Basic grammar, composition, conversation, and epic and lyric poetry, theater, and prose, including the tional historians, employing a spectrum of documents readings. Four hours of class, one hour of lab. essai. Readings will include such works and authors representative of social, gender and religious diver- Presupposes no previous study of German. as La Chanson de Roland, Chrétien de Troyes, Marie sity. These documents will draw equally from music, The Department de France, Christine de Pisan, Villon, La Farce de painting, science, philosophy, and literature. Through Maître Pathelin, Le Roman de la Rose, Marguerite de a series of films we will question the interplay be- FG 102. ELEMENTARY GERMAN II 4 Navarre, Ronsard, Du Bellay, Louise Labé, Rabelais, tween “history” and its representations. (Fulfills Systematic studies of the structure of the language, and Montaigne. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of society-B component of breadth requirement.) exercises in composition and conversation, reading the instructor. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills arts- M.Wiesmann of selected literary texts. Four hours of class, one B component of breadth requirement.) M. Wiesmann hour of lab. Prerequisite: FG101 or permission of the FF 316. FRENCH POETRY 3 department. The Department FF 214. FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE Study of fundamentals and development of the SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 3 French poetic form through close textual analysis of FG 103. INTENSIVE ELEMENTARY GERMAN 4 Introduction to the concepts of classic and baroque, representative poets and major movements. Pre- Intensive review of introductory reading, speaking, including social, artistic, and intellectual develop- requisite: FF214 or 216, 219 or 221 or consent of oral comprehension, and grammatical structures of ments in the seventeenth century through study of instructor. Offered in alternate years. J. Anzalone the language for those with some experience in the the masterpieces of such authors as Corneille, fundamentals but who still need to acquire the Racine, Moliere, Pascal, Descartes, Mme. de FF 317. FRENCH NARRATIVE PROSE 3 competency expected at the completion of FG102. Sévigné, La Fontaine, La Rochefoucauld, and Mme. Exploration of major themes and techniques of Four hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: de Lafayette. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of narrative fiction as it has developed in French- one year of high-school German or permission of instructor. (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth speaking cultures. Prerequisite: FF214 or 216, 219 or department. The Department requirement.) A. Zuerner 221 or consent of instructor. Offered in alternate years. M. Wiesmann FG 201, 202. INTERMEDIATE GERMAN 3, 3 FF 216. FRENCH LITERATURE OF THE Review of grammar, extensive practice in conversa- EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 3 FF 318. FRENCH DRAMATIC LITERATURE 3 tion, writing, and reading of selected texts. Three Study of the social, intellectual and artistic develop- Study of dramatic techniques and themes through hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FG101, ment of the Enlightenment in the works of such careful examination of representative texts and 102, or two years of high school German. authors as Montesquieu, Mme. de Graffigny, Voltaire, attention to the role of the theater in French culture. The Department Rousseau, Diderot, Lesage, Marivaux, Beau- Prerequisite: FF214 or 216, 219 or 221 or consent of marchais, Mme. Roland, and Olympe de Gouges. instructor. Offered alternate years. The Department FG 208. GERMAN CONVERSATION AND Spring semester. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission COMPOSITION 3 of instructor. (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth FF 332. SURREALISM 3 Intensive practice in daily use of German in a requirement.) M. Wiesmann or A. Zuerner Study of surrealism as an historical and ontological cultural context. Review of idioms, vocabulary, and movement through analysis of poetry, novel, cinema, writing skills. Prerequisite: FG202 or permission of FF 219. ROMANTICISM, REALISM, theater, and painting. The course examines the instructor. R. Mayer NATURALISM, AND SYMBOLISM 3 impact of surrealism on current literary, critical, and Introduction to the social, intellectual, and artistic artistic expressions. Prerequisite: FF210 or permis- FG 301. COMMERCIAL GERMAN 3 developments of the nineteenth century through sion of the instructor. H. Jaouad An introduction to business institutions in Germany. study of the literary masterpieces of such poets, The course focuses on economic geography, playwrights, and novelists as Chateaubriand, Mme. FF 363. SPECIAL STUDIES IN FRENCH 3 correspondence, and government requirements for de Staël, Lamartine, Hugo, Vigny, Balzac, Sand, Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a business, as well as vocabulary used in banking, Baudelaire, Flaubert, Zola, Rimbaud, and Mallarmé. genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission advertising, stock market, insurance, communica- Fall semester. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of of instructor. The Department tions, and export and import. Primarily for students instructor. (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth majoring in German and business. R. Mayer requirement.) J. Anzalone or L. Gelber FF 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 Individual study projects under the guidance of the FF 221. TWENTIETH-CENTURY LITERATURE 3 department. The Department FG 304. ADVANCED GERMAN COMPOSITION Introduction to the poetry, novels and plays of France AND CONVERSATION 3 through study of the works of such writers as Gide, FF 374. THESIS 3 Intensive practice of oral and written German to Apollinaire, Proust, Cocteau, Mauriac, de Beauvoir, An extended research project culminating in a paper increase active vocabulary and fluency in German Sartre, Beckett, Aragon, Duras, Sarraute, and based on readings and extensive individual confer- and to develop further and refine writing skills. Three Robbe-Grillet. The course will also focus on contem- ences. Required of all majors who wish to be consid- hours of class. Prerequisite FG208 or permission of porary artistic, social, and intellectual trends since ered for departmental honors. Prerequisite: FF376, instructor. M. O’Brien 1890. Spring semester. Prerequisite: FF210 or senior standing, permission of instructor, and 3.5 permission of instructor. (Fulfills arts-B component of grade-point average in the major. The Department Courses in Literature and Civilization breadth requirement.) L. Gelber FF 376. SEMINAR 3 FG 213. ENLIGHTENMENT TO PRE-MARCH 3 FF 223. INTRODUCTION TO ISSUES IN THE A detailed study of an author, a period, or theme An introduction to the development of German litera- FRANCOPHONE WORLD 3 prominent in France, Africa, Canada, or the French ture from the Enlightenment to the revolutionary Pre- Study of aspects of the Francophone world (Carib- speaking countries of the Caribbean. Frequent oral March period of 1848 focusing on major authors bean, Africa, Canada) with particular emphasis on reports. Close attention to development, organization, (Lessing, Goethe, Schiller, Hoffmann, Heine, Büchner) historical, political, and social problems. Reading and and writing of an extensive paper. Prerequisite: and literary movements. Prerequisite: FG202 or discussion of texts and documents from a variety of Senior status. The Department permission of instructor. This course is required for the sources. Practice in writing critical and literary major in German. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills essays. Prerequisite: FF210 or permission of instruc- arts-B component of breadth requirement.) R. Mayer tor. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) H. Jaouad

108 FG 214. POETIC REALISM TO THE PRESENT 3 FG 374. THESIS 3 Courses in Literature and Civilization An introduction to the development of German An extended research project culminating in a paper literature from Poetic Realism to the present focusing based on readings and extensive individual confer- FI 210. INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY on major authors (Keller, Hauptmann, Mann, Kafka, ences. Required of all majors who wish to be consid- ANALYSIS 3 Brecht, Sachs, Seghers, Wolf) and literary move- ered for departmental honors. Prerequisite: FG376, Reading and discussion of literary texts in the major ments. Prerequisite: FG202 or permission of instruc- senior standing, permission of instructor, and 3.5 genres—poetry, theater, and prose—through close tor. This course is required for the major in German. grade-point average in the major. The Department textual analysis. This course emphasizes the devel- Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills arts-B component opment of the analytical skills involved in doing a of breadth requirement.) M.E. O’Brien FG 376. SEMINAR 3 close reading and the critical skills needed for writing The study of an author, a period, or topic prominent critical literary analysis. Regular papers required. FG 341. THE AGE OF GOETHE 3 in the literature of Germany, Austria, or Switzerland. Prerequisite: FI202 or permission of instructor. Not An examination of the artistic, intellectual, and Close attention to the development, organization, and open to students who have taken FI207. (Fulfills arts- cultural trends of the period 1749-1832 through the writing of an extensive paper. Prerequisite: Senior B component of breadth requirement.) S. Smith study of the works of Goethe, Schiller, and their status. M.E. O’Brien contemporaries. Prerequisite: FG213 or 214 or FI 211. MASTERPIECES OF ITALIAN permission of instructor. R. Mayer LITERATURE I 3 GREEK Study of modern Italian literature from the Enlighten- FG 343. THE GERMAN NOVEL 3 ment period to the Futurist Movement focusing on An exploration of great German novels from Goethe For complete course listings, see Classics. major authors and movements from the eighteenth to the present. Students will encounter a variety of century to the mid-twentieth century. Prerequisite: critical approaches for the study of major texts from FI202 or permission of instructor. Offered in alternate authors such as Goethe, Kafka, Mann, Döblin, Boll, ITALIAN years. (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth require- and Grass. M.E. O’Brien ment.) G. Faustini Courses in Language FG 356. THEATER IN THE GERMAN- FI 212. MASTERPIECES OF ITALIAN SPEAKING WORLD 3 FI 101. ELEMENTARY ITALIAN I 4 LITERATURE II 3 Theater and its cultural impact in the nineteenth and Basic grammar, composition, conversation, and Study of the most important literary movements from twentieth centuries. Topics include social drama, readings. Four hours of class, one hour of lab. the precursors of the Italian Renaissance to the end operatic spectacles, epic theater, cabaret, post-war R. Bonanno, S. Smith of the seventeenth century with particular emphasis and contemporary experimental theater and perfor- on the writings of Dante, Boccaccio, the Humanists, mance art. Works from such dramatists as Buchner, FI 102. ELEMENTARY ITALIAN II 4 Lorenzo de Medici, Michelangelo, and Machiavelli. Wagner, Brecht, Weiss, Handke, and Müller will be Continuing study of basic grammar, composition, Prerequisite: FI202 or permission of instructor. examined. R. Mayer conversation, and readings. Four hours of class, one Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills arts-B component hour of lab. Prerequisite: FI101 or permission of of breadth requirement.) G. Faustini FG 357. GERMAN LITERATURE OF THE department. R. Bonanno, S. Smith TWENTIETH CENTURY 3 FI 301. BUSINESS ITALIAN 3 A critical study of German poetry, drama, and prose FI 103. INTENSIVE ELEMENTARY ITALIAN 4 Study of commercial transactions in the context of in the twentieth century with emphasis on major Intensive review of introductory reading, speaking, social and economic life in Italy today. The course artistic and sociopolitical movements. Readings vary oral comprehension, and grammatical structures of focuses on management, advertising, marketing, from year to year but usually include works by Mann, the language for those with some experience in the agricultural and industrial relations, banking, imports Brecht, Sachs, Hesse, Boll, Grass, Bachmann, and fundamentals but who still need to acquire the and exports, and the stock market in Italy. These Wolf. Prerequisite: FG213 or 214 or permission of competency expected at the completion of the topics will be considered in both the private and instructor. M.E. O’Brien equivalent of FI102. Four hours of class, one hour of public sectors, focusing on vocabulary and forms of lab. R. Bonanno, S. Smith correspondence, employment applications, business FG 358. THE CONTEMPORARY GERMAN- procedures, and government agencies. S. Smith SPEAKING WORLD 3 FI 201. INTERMEDIATE ITALIAN I 3 An exploration of life and art in the contemporary Review of grammar, extensive practice in conversa- FI 303. STUDIES IN MODERN ITALIAN German-speaking world. Aesthetic, political, and tion, writing, and reading of selected texts. Three LITERATURE 3 social issues to be considered include the hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FI102 or Selected readings from the Italian Unity to the relationships between politics and art, the status permission of department. R. Bonanno, S. Smith present. A study of modern Italian novels, plays, and and cultural productivity of women, Gastarbeiter, short stories from the historical period to the neo- the Greens, and the ever-pertinent issue of FI 202. INTERMEDIATE ITALIAN II 3 realistic period: from Manzoni to Moravia. Prerequi- Vergangenheitsbewältigung (coming to terms with Continuing review of grammar, extensive practice in site: FI202 or permission of instructor. G. Faustini the past). Texts will include journalism, literature, conversation, writing, and reading of selected texts. video, film, painting, and music. M.E. O’Brien Three hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FI 363. SPECIAL STUDIES IN ITALIAN 3 FI201 or permission of department. G. Faustini Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a FG 359. GERMANY FROM THE MIDDLE AGES genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission TO THE REFORMATION AND THE FI 208. ITALIAN CONVERSATION AND of instructor. G. Faustini, S. Smith THIRTY YEARS’ WAR 3 COMPOSITION 3 A study of the culture of the Middle Ages. Topics Intensive practice in daily use of Italian in a cultural FI 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 include the artistic legacy, court life and the realities context. Review of idioms, vocabulary, and writing Individual study projects under the guidance of the of serfdom, cities and modern capitalism, the role of skills. Prerequisite: FI202 or permission of instructor. department. The Department women in business and the home. We will also G. Faustini, S. Smith examine prevailing intellectual and religious attitudes and debates, culminating in Luther’s Protestant FI 304. ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND Reformation, the Catholic Counter-Reformation and COMPOSITION 3 the Thirty Years’ War. The Department Intensive practice of oral and written Italian to increase active vocabulary and fluency in spoken FG 363. SPECIAL STUDIES IN GERMAN 3 Italian and to develop and refine writing skills. Three Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a hours of class, one hour of discussion. genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission G. Faustini, S. Smith of instructor. The Department

FG 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 Individual study projects under the guidance of the department. The Department 109 JAPANESE FS 103. INTENSIVE ELEMENTARY SPANISH 4 FS 211. SURVEY OF SPANISH LITERATURE 3 Intensive review of introductory reading, speaking, A study of the main currents of Spanish literature FJ 101. ELEMENTARY JAPANESE I 4 oral comprehension, and grammatical structures of from the Renaissance to the twentieth century. Basic grammar, conversation, reading, and writing. the language for those who still need to acquire the Representative works of such major literary move- The emphasis is upon thorough mastery of the basic competency expected at the completion of the ments as the Golden Age, Neoclassicism, Romanti- structure of Japanese through aural-oral exercises equivalent of 102. Four hours of class, one hour of cism, Realism, the Generation of ’98, and the and practice. Four hours of class, one hour of lab. lab. The Department twentieth century will be studied. Prerequisite: FS208 M. Inamoto or permission of instructor. (Fulfills arts-B component FS 201. INTERMEDIATE SPANISH I 3 of breadth requirement.) G. Burton FJ 102. ELEMENTARY JAPANESE II 4 Review of grammar, practice in conversation, writing, Continuation of FJ 101. Basic grammar, conversa- and reading of selected texts. Three hours of class, FS 212. SURVEY OF SPANISH AMERICAN tion, reading, and writing. Four hours of class, one one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FS102 or permission of LITERATURE 3 hour of lab. Prerequisite: FJ101 or permission of department. The Department A study of the main currents of Spanish American instructor. M. Inamoto literature from Colonial times to the present. Such FS 202. INTERMEDIATE SPANISH II 3 authors as Sor Juana, Gallegos, Darío, Carpentier, FJ 201. INTERMEDIATE JAPANESE I 4 Continuing review of grammar. Extensive practice in Mistral, Neruda, Paz, and Cortázar will be studied. Continuation of systematic study of low-intermediate conversation, writing, and reading of selected texts. Prerequisite: FS208 or permission of instructor. Japanese linguistic structures. Practice in conversa- Three hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth requirement.) tion and writing. Reading of selected texts. Four FS201 or permission of department. The Department P. Rubio, J. Lértora hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: FJ102. M. Inamoto FS 203. INTENSIVE INTERMEDIATE SPANISH 4 FS 313. LITERATURE OF THE GOLDEN AGE 3 Continuing intensive study of the structures of the A study of the novel, drama, and poetry, centering on FJ 202. INTERMEDIATE JAPANESE II 4 Spanish language. Extensive practice in conversation the picaresque novel, Cervantes, Lope de Vega, Review of grammar. Further development of oral, and writing. Vocabulary building through the reading of Tirso de Molina, Calderón de la Barca, Góngora, and reading, and writing skills. Reading of selected texts. appropriate texts in the literature and culture. Four Quevedo. Prerequisite: FS211, 212 or consent of Four hours of class, one hour of lab. Prerequisite: hours of class and one hour of lab. The Department department. Offered every third year. G. Burton FJ201. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) M. Inamoto FS 206. SPANISH CONVERSATION 3 FS 314. SPANISH LITERATURE OF THE Development of Spanish oral skills at the advanced NINETEENTH CENTURY 3 FJ 204. ADVANCED INTERMEDIATE intermediate level. Extensive practice in conversa- A study of poetry, drama, and the novel of the nine- JAPANESE I 3 tional idioms. Development of nonliterary, informal teenth century, centering on Espronceda, Duque de Systematic study of advanced intermediate Japanese spoken vocabulary; of reading skills necessary to Rivas, Zorrilla, Pérez Galdós, Valera, Pardo Bazán, linguistic structures. Reading of selected texts con- comprehend authentic news materials; of aural and Clarín. Prerequisite: FS211, 212, or consent of cerning Japanese culture/society. Discussion in comprehension essential for understanding oral department. Offered every third year. M. Mudrovic Japanese based on the reading. Intensive practice speech at native speed. Prerequisite: FS202, 203 or in writing short essays. Prerequisite: FJ202 or per- permission of department. The Department FS 317. SPANISH LITERATURE OF THE mission of instructor. M. Inamoto TWENTIETH CENTURY 3 FS 208. SPANISH COMPOSITION 3 A study of the drama, novel, and poetry of the FJ 206. ADVANCED INTERMEDIATE Review of grammar, idioms, and vocabulary. Generation of ’98 as well as selected novels and JAPANESE II 3 Intensive practice in writing short essays. Prerequi- dramas since the Civil War. Prerequisite: FS211, Continuation of FJ204. Further study of grammar, site: FS 202 or 203 or permission of instructor. 212, or consent of the instructor. Offered every third idioms, and vocabulary. Reading of authentic materi- The Department year. M. Mudrovic als such as newspapers/magazine articles. Aural-oral exercises and intensive practice in writing short FS 301. COMMERCIAL SPANISH 3 FS 319. SPANISH AMERICAN NARRATIVE OF essays. Prerequisite: FJ204 or permission of the An introduction to business institutions in Spain. THE TWENTIETH CENTURY 3 instructor. M. Inamoto The course focuses on economic geography, corre- A study of the main characteristics of the contempo- spondence, and government requirements for busi- rary Spanish-American novel and short story in the FJ 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3 ness, as well as vocabulary used in banking, work of authors such as Borges, Asturias, Carpentier, Individual study projects under the guidance of the advertising, stock market, insurance, communica- Cortázar, García Márquez, Onetti, Vargas Llosa, department. M. Inamoto tions, and export and import. Primarily for students Fuentes. Prerequisite: FS210, 211 or 212 or permis- majoring in Spanish and business. P. Rubio sion of instructor. Offered every third year. P. Rubio, J. Lértora LATIN FS 303. SPANISH PHONETICS 3 Intensive work on phonetics, intonation, and diction. FS 320. STUDIES IN SPANISH AMERICAN For complete course listings, see Classics. Phonetic transcriptions of spoken Spanish and POETRY 3 practice in oral reading. Three hours of class, one A study of the development of Spanish American hour of discussion. Offered on demand. poetry from Modernismo to the present in the work of SPANISH poets such as Darío, Nervo, Valencia, Mistral, Torres FS 304. ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND Bodet, Neruda, Paz. Prerequisite: FS211 or 212 or Courses in Language COMPOSITION 3 permission of instructor. Offered every third year. Intensive practice of oral and written Spanish to J. Lértora FS 101. ELEMENTARY SPANISH I 4 increase active vocabulary and fluency in spoken Basic grammar, composition, conversation, and Spanish and to develop further and refine writing FS 321. STUDIES IN SPANISH AMERICAN reading. Four hours of class, one hour of lab. skills. Three hours of class. Prerequisite: FS208 or DRAMA 3 Presupposes no previous study of Spanish. 209 or permission of instructor. The Department A study of the development of the Spanish American The Department theater from the seventeenth century to the present Courses in Literature and Civilization including such authors as Alarcón, Sor Juana, Goros- FS 102. ELEMENTARY SPANISH II 4 tiga, Eichelbaum, Usigli, Garro, Carballido, Wolf, Basic grammar, composition, conversation, and FS 210. INTRODUCTION TO THE READING OF Gambaro, and Sánchez. Prerequisite: FS211 or 212 readings. Four hours of class, one hour of lab. LITERARY TEXTS 3 or permission of instructor. J. Lértora, P.Rubio The Department Reading and introduction of Hispanic literary texts to develop skills in literary analysis and critical writing using examples from the three main literary genres. Recommended for those planning to take FS211 or 212. Three hours of class. Prerequisite: FS202, 209, or permission of instructor. Not open to students who have taken FS 207. (Fulfills arts-B component of 110 breadth requirement.) The Department FS 323. SPANISH IN THE MEDIA 3 SELF-INSTRUCTIONAL LANGUAGE FL 263. SPECIAL TOPICS IN FOREIGN A study of the Spanish-speaking world within its COURSES LITERATURE AND CULTURE 3 contemporary cultural context, especially as Study of a special topic in which the interrelatedness manifested in the media (newspapers, magazines, FX 171, 172. TUTORIAL BASIC STUDY 3, 3 of literature and other cultural representations is radio, television). This course is designed to give Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi, Korean, Portuguese, Russian. explored from a comparative and/or theoretical students a more complex understanding of Hispanic perspective. Interdisciplinary in nature, the course will culture. We will study such topics as political, social, FX 271, 272. TUTORIAL INTERMEDIATE STUDY 3, 3 bring together works of different cultural origin and and economic trends in the Spanish-speaking world, Arabic, Hebrew, Hindi, Korean, Portuguese, Russian. background. Intended for majors or minors in the the relationship between language and society, and department. Prerequisites: Completion of department dialect as an expression of culture. Prerequisite: courses numbered 202, 203 or 205; or by permission FS 208. V. Rangil LITERATURE AND CIVILIZATION of instructor. COURSES TAUGHT IN ENGLISH A. The Fantastic in Fiction. An introduction to FS 330. SPANISH AMERICAN ESSAY 3 the Fantastic in literature and art as a mode of A study of the development of Spanish American These courses are open to all students. Knowledge representation whose ambiguous structure oscillates thought from Independence to the present. Special of a foreign language is not a prerequisite, with the between the real and the imaginary. The magical is attention will be given to the intellectual trends exception of FL 399. ingrained in ordinary experience thus expanding the contributing to independence, to the foundations of concept of reality, and emphasizing literary discourse the new republics and their relationships to Europe, FL 250. AN OUTLINE OF GERMAN as the locus of indeterminacy. Specific attention will and to the definition of Spanish-American identity and CIVILIZATION: THE EIGHTEENTH be focused on selected writers and theorists, but the culture. Particular consideration will be afforded to CENTURY TO THE PRESENT 3 course will also provide a diachronic and theoretical the writings of Bolívar, Sarmiento, Bello, Lastarria, An exploration of German life, culture, and politics background for the discussion of the Fantastic. Rodó, Mariátegui, Martí, Zea, and Paz, among from the eighteenth century to the present. The Readings from authors such as E.T.A. Hoffmann, others. J. Lértora, P. Rubio course focuses on Germany’s quest for national unity, emphasizing the relationship between Kafka, Borges, Cortazar, Garcia Marquez, Torrente Balester, Calvino, Buzzati, Gautier, Nerval, FS 331, 332. THE CULTURE OF LATIN Germany’s political development and its cultural life. Maupassant, Villiers de l’Isle-Adam, and theorists AMERICA 3, 3 Course materials include historical readings, political such as Freud, Bessier, T. Todorov, and Roh. (Fulfills Discussion of the historical, literary, and artistic essays, musical compositions, art works, films, and LS III and LS2 requirements.) J. Anzalone development of Latin America from pre-Columbian literary texts. Offered in alternate years. times to the present. Fall semester: Mesoamerican M. E. O’Brien B. Exoticism. This course will examine the and Andean Precolumbian cultures; the Spanish cultural construction of the “exotic” as it emerges Colonial Empire. Spring semester: Independence to FL 252. ITALIAN CINEMA: FROM FICTION primarily, but not exclusively, in nineteenth- and the present. Special attention to revolutionary move- TO FILM 3 twentieth-century literary texts. The course will ments and the development of Spanish-American An examination of the literary and sociopolitical address questions such as: How are the relationships thought, art, and literature. Prerequisite: FS211 or trends of Italian culture as portrayed by the media of between colonialism, imperialism, and exoticism 212 or permission of instructor. Offered in alternate literature and film. The course will focus on the dramatized via literature? How does the hegemonic years. P. Rubio literary works of Boccaccio, Machiavelli, Moravia, De (i.e. France) and the non-hegemonic (i.e. Spain, or Filippo, Bassani, and the cinematographic adapta- Latin America) positioning of a culture shape its FS 334. CERVANTES 3 tions of those works by such directors as Pasolini, particular notion of the exotic? How do cultures that A study of the prose, drama, and poetry of Miguel de Lattuada, Visconti, and De Sica. The course also are viewed as exotic exoticize other cultures? What Cervantes in the light of the social and intellectual specifically examines the role in Italian cinema of role do other derminants such as gender, race, or currents of early seventeenth-century Spain. Particu- such director-authors as Fellini and Wertmuller and class play in the construction of the exotic? Readings lar attention will be paid to Don Quijote. G. Burton the importance of Italian cinematic Neorealism in the from authors such as Baudelaire, Flaubert, Nerval, films of Rossellini, De Sica, and Visconti. Offered in Gautier, Dario, Casal, Tablada, Villaespesa, and FS 363. SPECIAL STUDIES IN SPANISH 3 1999-2000 and alternate years. (Fulfills arts-B com- Valle-Inclan. H. Jaouad Advanced literary or cultural study in an author, a ponent of breadth requirement.) G. Faustini C. The Fascist Aesthetic. The emergence and genre, a period, or a topic. Prerequisite: permission significance of the fascist aeesthetic are explored via of instructor. The Department FL 253, 254. ITALIAN CIVILIZATION IN TRANSLATION 3, 3 close study of the fundamental ideology of totalitari- anism in twentieth-century Europe. Concepts such as FS 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 Study of the development of Italian civilization with the soldierly male, the leader principle, racial eugen- Individual study projects under the guidance of the emphasis on the historical, artistic, philosophical, ics, community, modernity, and the fascination with department. The Department literary, musical, and sociopolitical background. Fall semester: late Medieval period to the Baroque. violence will be examined in film, literature, and the visual arts. Readings from among writer such as FS 374. THESIS 3 Spring semester: seventeenth century to the present. Drieu la Rochelle, Celine, Tournier, Junger, and An extended research project culminating in a paper G. Faustini D’Annunzio, and from such theorists of totalitarianism based on readings and extensive individual confer- as Adorno, Freud, Zhelev, and Arendt. M.E. O’Brien ences. Required of all majors who wish to be consid- FL 257. MODERN CHINESE LITERATURE IN ered for departmental honors. Prerequisite: FS376, TRANSLATION 3 D. The Fate of Forbidden Knowledge in senior standing, permission of instructor, and 3.5 A critical survey of twentieth-century Chinese litera- Literature and Science. An investigation of the grade point average in the major. ture up to the present. Readings include short stories, novels, poetry, music, painting, and drama. Special perplexing ethical questions raised by this renais- sance shift in attitude toward the Faust legend. The FS 376. SEMINAR 3 emphasis is placed on Chinese thought and culture flirtation with forbidden knowledge will be studied by A detailed study of an author, a period, or theme compared to the Western tradition. (Fulfills non- drawing on religious, mythological, literary, philo- relevant to the understanding of Spanish and Span- Western culture requirement; fulfills arts-B compo- sophical, and scientific texts. Taking recent develop- ish-American literature and culture with special nent of breadth requirement.) M. Chen ments in genetic engineering as a case in point, we attention to the essay. Frequent oral reports. Close will ask to what extent the pursuit of knowledge can attention to development, organization, and writing of FL 258, 259. CHINESE CIVILIZATION 3, 3 enhance or be damaging to human experience. an extensive paper. Prerequisite: Senior status. A survey of Chinese civilization from the Shang These and other questions will be explored to show The Department dynasty to the present with emphasis on the historical, artistic, philosophical, literary, musical, how literary texts can contain moral issues of lasting sociopolitical, literary, musical, sociopolitical back- concern for the scientific community and for society ground. Fall semester: Shang dynasty (1766 B.C.) to at large. (Fulfills LS2 requirement.) R. Mayer early tenth century. Spring semester: tenth century to the present. Need not be taken in sequence. M. Chen

111 FL 265. LATINOS IN THE UNITED STATES 3 FL 322. THE FRENCH FILM 3 An examination from an interdisciplinary perspective Study of some of the key features of the cinema of Geology of Hispanic society in the United States. Major Latino France, beginning with an historical overview of the groups (e.g., Cubans, Mexicans, and Puerto Ricans) development of the idiom, from the silent films of the will be studied and special attention will be given to Surrealists and René Clair, to the Golden Age of Chair of the Department of Geology: John J. the interaction between these groups and United sound in the thirties and concluding with the New Thomas, Ph.D. States mainstream society. We will focus on the Wave and its posterity. The course will also study film Professors: Kenneth G. Johnson, Ph.D.; John historical, sociological, literary, and political aspects as a language and use it as a means for exploring of cultural change in contact situations. Particular cultural identity. Students will view a selection of films J. Thomas, Ph.D. attention will be paid to issues of prejudice and by Clair, Dali/Bunuel, Vigo, Renoir, Carne, Duvivier, Associate Professor: Richard H. Lindemann, discrimination. V. Rangil Truffaut, Godard, Eustache, Tanner, and Rohmer, Ph.D. among others, and read criticism by directors, critics, FL 266. IMAGES OF REVOLUTION and theorists. Prerequisite: for credit in the French Lecturer: Katharine Cartwright, M.S. AND SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: major, FF202 or 205. J. Anzalone Research Associate: Werner Baum, Ph.D. FRANCE 1789-1939 3 Study through literary and historical texts, and via FL 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 By its very nature geology has a broad per- artistic representation of the experience and conse- Individual study projects under the guidance of spective, one that permits an undergraduate quences of social change in France over a century department. The Department and a half of upheaval. Beginning with the outbreak program in geology to provide not only for the of revolution in 1789, we will analyze the effects on FL 374. THESIS 3 needs of the student preparing for a career in French culture of the long and tormented path lead- An extended research project culminating in a paper professional geology, but also for students ing to the establishment of Republicanism. Particular based on readings and extensive individual confer- interested in such diverse fields as marine attention to the trials and tribulations of the Third ences. Primarily for interdepartmental majors who science, environmental preservation, physical Republic during the Dreyfus Affair and in the period wish to be considered for honors. Prerequisite: senior geography, and the environmental aspects of between the world wars in order to discern the standing, permission of an instructor, and at least a archeological research. evolution of specific cultural tendencies over time. 3.5 grade-point average. The Department Taught in English. (Fulfills LS III and LS2 require- THE GEOLOGY MAJOR: The major, which ments.) J. Anzalone FL 376. SEMINAR 3 leads to a bachelor of arts degree, entails A detailed exploration of a theme reflected in the FL 267. MODERN JAPANESE CULTURE AND eleven required courses. The requirements cultures of French, German, Italian, and Spanish SOCIETY 3 include GE101, 102, 201, 202, 204, 304, 310, speaking civilizations. Frequent oral reports in Introduction to modern Japanese culture and society, 315, 316, a field geology course (GE 309 Field English by members of the class. Close attention to emphasizing the period 1945 to the present, and Techniques or a summer field course ap- development, organization, and writing of an exten- considering topics including education, family and sive paper. Required of all majors not enrolled in 374. proved by the department), and a capstone neighborhood, gender and work, and discrimination. project consisting of a GE371 or 372 Indepen- The course analyzes social change in Japan over FL 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN dent Study research project that will focus on time in the course of Japan's modernization and FOREIGN LANGUAGES 3, 6 or 9 the geologic interest of the student. Additional internationalization, paying attention to the interplay Professional experience at an advanced level for elective courses to consider including in the between Japan's traditional cultural values and juniors and seniors with substantial academic and geology major are GE207, 303, and 399. modern society. (Fulfills LS2 and non-Western cocurricular experience in the major field. With faculty culture requirements.) M. Inamoto sponsorship and departmental approval, students may The student who is going to go on to graduate extend their educational experience into such areas as FL 268. ITALY TODAY: ON THE CUSP OF school will have to take MA111 and 113, the communications fields, the media, pedagogy, and THE YEAR 2000 3 CH105 and 106, and PY207 and 208. Others translation. Primarily but not exclusively for students An exploration of life, culture, and politics in Italy today. should consider strengthening their program participating in Skidmore’s Junior Year Abroad pro- Topics include tangentopoli, Mafia, multiculturalism, by taking these courses or integrating the gram. Prerequisite: advanced standing in the language and the European Union. Materials include readings in geology major with a minor in a cognate appropriate to the internship. Non-liberal arts. cultural history as well as selections from Calvino, discipline. Sciascia, and Ginzburg. S. Smith THE GEOLOGY MINOR: The geology minor FL 321. WOMEN IN FRANCE SINCE THE includes six geology courses. At least two of REVOLUTION 3 these six courses must be at the 200 level and Analysis of women writers and female stereotypes at least two at the 300 level. since the French Revolution as seen primarily through novels and plays of such writers as de Staël, Sand, Flaubert, Stendhal, Colette, Claudel, de ES 101. FIELD STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL Beauvoir, Duras, and Sarraute. Historical, sociologi- SCIENCE cal and artistic documents will also be examined for See the environmental studies minor on page 103 for what they reveal of the changing consciousness of course description. women in France. Offered every third year. L. Gelber GE 101. PHYSICAL GEOLOGY 4 The nature, formation, and change of Earth’s materi- als and the major features of Earth’s crust and topography. Topics include minerals, rocks, igneous activity, earthquakes, mountain building, oceans, and shorelines, erosion, and deposition, glaciers, deserts, and environmental geology. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab a week, and one full-day field trip on a weekend. Prerequisite: QR1. (Fulfills a lab science and QR2 requirements; qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) J. Thomas

112 GE 102. HISTORICAL GEOLOGY 4 GE 202. IGNEOUS AND METAMORPHIC GE 316. STRATIGRAPHY 4 The origin of Earth and its various parts. Topics PETROLOGY 4 Study of lithologic and biologic units of sedimentary include the histories of the oceans and continents, Petrology and petrography of igneous and metamor- strata, their classification, correlation, and use in the rise and decay of mountain chains, the origin and phic rocks; origin, crystallization, and differentiation of environmental and geographic reconstructions. evolution of life, and the major steps and crises in the magmas; metamorphism, metamorphic facies and Emphasis placed on the respective roles of organ- history of life on Earth. Three hours of lecture, two the factors controlling metamorphism. The study of isms, geosynclines and tectonic events in the devel- hours of lab a week. (Fulfills a lab science require- rocks in hand sample and thin section. Intermediate opment of continents and sedimentary basins. ment; qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth optical mineralogy. Prerequisite: GE201.Three hours Prerequisite: GE315. Three hours of lecture, four requirement.) R. Lindemann, K. Cartwright of lecture, three hours of lab a week. J. Thomas hours of lab a week. Offered 1999-2000 and alternate years. R. Lindemann GE 103. THE HISTORY OF LIFE 3 GE 204. STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY 4 Introduction to the major events in the 3.6 billion-year The recognition, origin, and interpretation of the GE 351, 352. SPECIAL TOPICS IN GEOLOGY 3, 3 history of life on Earth. Primary topics include the various structures present in the earth’s crust. Study Advanced topics in geology offered to either small origins of life, the origins and evolutionary/extinction of structure is directed toward reconstruction of groups of students or on an individual basis, allowing responses of the biosphere to environmental stresses involved in ancient periods of tectonism. the student to study in depth areas of the science changes over time. Also considered are the intellec- Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab a week. which are not offered on a regular basis. Specific tual history of paleontology, the processes of fossil- Prerequisite: GE101 or permission of instructor. topics will vary each time the course is taught and ization, the origin of sex, ecologic survival strategy, Offered 2000-01 and alternate years. J. Thomas might include hydrology, glaciology, micropaleontol- and the meaning of life from a deep time perspective. ogy, or computer applications in geology. Prerequi- (Qualifies as nature-A course for breadth GE 207. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY 3 site: permission of department. The Department requirement.) R. Lindemann An introduction to the application of geological information to human problems encountered in the GE 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 GE 104. DINOSAURS: EVOLUTION TO physical environment. (Qualifies as a nature-A course An opportunity for qualified students to pursue EXTINCTION 3 for the breadth requirement.) K. Johnson independent research in the earth sciences under Investigation into recent scientific theories about the supervision of a member of the department. dinosaurs in an attempt to answer: who were they? GE 303. REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF NORTH Emphasis is placed on coordinated field, lab, and how did they live? where did they live? how did they AMERICA 3 library research. Prerequisite: departmental approval become extinct? what significance was their death to Study of such regions as the Canadian Shield, of a written research proposal. The Department our own evolution? Topics include: dinosaur death, Appalachians, Rocky Mountains, and western coastal burial, and preservation; evolution, ecology, and ranges from the standpoint of interpretation of geo- GE 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN extinction; and dinosaur myths in the media. (Quali- logic history using present structural and lithologic GEOLOGY 3 or 6 fies as nature-A course for breadth requirement.) configurations. Prerequisite: GE101. J. Thomas Professional experience at an advanced subject level K. Cartwright for juniors and seniors with substantial academic and GE 304. GEOMORPHOLOGY 4 cocurricular experience in the major field. With faculty GE 112. OCEANOGRAPHY — INTRODUCTION Analysis of the geologic and climatic factors that sponsorship and department approval, students may TO THE MARINE ENVIRONMENT 4 control the evolution of topography. Lab study is extend their educational experiences by working on Introduction to the interaction of physical, chemical concentrated on the physical character of the United specialized research projects with outside profes- and biological processes operative in the great water States and on the geologic configurations which sional earth scientists. Must be taken S/U. bodies that cover nearly three-quarters of the earth’s determine landform distribution and therefore are the The Department surface. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab a basis for physical subdivision. Two hours of lecture, week. (Fulfills a lab science requirement; qualifies as three hours of lab a week. Prerequisite: GE101. Not nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement.) open to first-year students. Offered in 2000-01 and K. Johnson alternate years. K. Johnson

GE 113H. DANGEROUS EARTH: GE 309. FIELD TECHNIQUES 4 CLIMATOLOGIC AND GEOLOGIC An advanced course in the techniques used for DISASTERS 3 field mapping. The course concentrates on the Introduction to the diverse ways in which climatologic instruments of mapping and how to use them, includ- and geologic phenomena influence human lives and ing pace and compass, altimeter, plane table and activities, the root cause of disaster phenomena, and alidade, topographic map and air photo base. In the principles that render seemingly random natural addition there is the study of some basic subsurface disasters comprehensible and predictable. Students geologic techniques such as structural contour maps, will read eye witness accounts of natural disasters isopach maps, and well log analysis and correlation. such as floods, droughts, hurricanes, volcanic erup- Two hours of lecture, three hours of lab, and one tions, and earthquakes and will explore the extent to hour of discussion a week. R. Lindemann which disasters and ephemeral events are regulated by cyclic and/or periodic earth processes. This will GE 310. INVERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY 4 enable students to make predictions and develop An introduction to the classification, morphology scenarios to mitigate against potential effects of and evolution of fossil invertebrates. The principles, future natural disasters. Open to first- and second- practices and limitations of the subject are empha- year students only. (This is an Honors course. it sized throughout. Lab and field work provide practical qualifies as nature-A [non-lab] course for breadth experience in dealing with the physical and concep- requirement.) K. Cartwright, R. Lindemann tual aspects of ancient life forms. Offered 2000-01 and alternate years. Three hours of lecture, three GE 201. MINERALOGY 4 hours of lab a week. R. Lindemann Fundamentals of crystallography, crystal chemistry, and systematic mineralogy with the study of mineral GE 315. SEDIMENTOLOGY 4 associations, occurrences, genesis, and phase Introduction to terrigenous clastic, carbonate and relationships; hand sample identification, introductory evaporite sedimentary rocks. Topics include weather- optical mineralogy, and thin section identification of ing, erosion, transport and deposition of particle minerals. Prerequisites: GE101 or permission of systems. Emphasis on Holocene depositional models instructor. Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab a and their use in recognition of ancient sedimentary week. J. Thomas environments. Prerequisite: GE101, 102. Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab a week. Offered 1999- 2000 and alternate years. R. Lindemann

113 PI SIGMA ALPHA, Tau Gamma Chapter. GO 209. INTRODUCTION TO LATIN Government Founded in 1920 as the national political AMERICAN POLITICS 3 science honor society, Pi Sigma Alpha An introductory analysis of Latin American political receives into membership students of political processes and governmental institutions, including Chair of Department of Government: Aldo C. science and related disciplines who attain the study of political, economic and social variables. Vacs, Ph.D. high standards of scholarship and academic Emphasis is given to the study of political phenom- ena such as populism, democracy, authoritarianism, Professors: Aldo C. Vacs, Ph.D., Joseph C. distinction. Eligibility requirements include: revolt and revolution in Latin America as a whole (1) six government and/or government/history Palamountain Professor of Government; as well as in specific national cases (Mexico, Cuba, Steven A. Hoffmann, Ph.D.; Roy H. Ginsberg, courses; (2) a 3.5 grade-point average in these Argentina, Brazil, Peru, and Central American Ph.D. courses; and (3) a 3.25 cumulative grade-point countries). Prerequisite: GO103 or permission of average. Associate Professors: Stuart K. Witt, Ph.D.; instructor. A. Vacs Ronald P. Seyb, Ph.D.; Timothy W. Burns, Ph.D. GO 101. UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT GO 211. COURTS, POLITICS, AND JUDICIAL Assistant Professors: Pat Ferraioli, Ph.D.; INSTITUTIONS 3 PROCESS IN THE UNITED STATES 3 William Breslin, Ph.D. An analysis of United States national government A survey of the role of courts in contemporary with emphasis on constitutionalism, the Presidency, American politics and society. Students will explore Visiting Instructor: Katherine E. Graney, M.A. Congress, and the Judiciary. Reference will also be the organization and functions of state and federal Lecturers: *Donald J. McCormack, Ph.D.; made to the impact of political parties and pressure courts and their relation to other political institutions *Christopher Whann, Ph.D. groups on the contemporary political system. (Fulfills and to society generally. Topics will include the society-A component of breadth requirement.) decision-making processes of judges, attorneys and THE GOVERNMENT MAJOR: Requirements S. Witt, R. Seyb, P. Ferraioli litigants in various judicial settings, the role and for a major in government are a minimum of impact of courts as policy-makers, the selection and GO 103. CRITICAL ISSUES IN WORLD recruitment of judicial personnel, access to judicial ten courses including GO101, 103 and at least POLITICS 3 one course from each of the following four power, courts and the media, and contemporary An introduction to critical issues in comparative trends in litigation. W. Breslin areas: government, international relations, and political (1) American Government: LS II 053, theory. Three broad issues will be featured: dictators GO 212. INTRODUCTION TO THE BILL OF GO211, 212, 213, 222, 223, 224, 234, 251C, and democrats, individuals and communities, and RIGHTS 3 252, 305, 311, 312, 313, 316, 333, 334, 352, war and peace. The course covers the workings of An analysis of recent Supreme Court decisions 353, 362; dictatorships, parliamentary and presidential democ- interpreting our civil liberties, civil rights, guarantee of (2) Comparative Government: GO203, 209, racies, and such major political ideologies as liberal- due process of law and equal protection of the laws. 227, 235, 237, 239, 240, 251A, 327, 328, 344, ism, socialism, conservatism, and those of the D. McCormack, W. Breslin 355, 365; “radical right.” The course deals with such interna- (3) International Relations: GO201, 219, tional relations topics as collective security, conflict GO 213. CRIMINAL LAW AND PROCEDURE 3 221, 225, 251B, 301, 306, 309, 318, 320, 336, management, the Cuban missile crisis, and Vietnam. An exploration of criminal justice systems in the 337, 338, 366, 367; (Fulfills society-A component of breadth requirement.) United States with emphasis on governmental power (4) Political Theory: GO236, 251D, 303, S. Hoffmann, R. Ginsberg, A. Vacs to define, investigate, and punish criminal activity. 304, 308, 322, 351, 354. Topics will include aspects of the substantive law GM 201. GLOBAL SECURITY IN AN AGE OF concerning crimes against persons and property, INVENTION 3 requirements of proof of legal guilt, insanity and INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In The evolution of two twentieth-century technological related defenses, and the politics of criminal justice conjunction with the relevant departments, achievements, nuclear weapons and digital comput- reform. Open to sophomores, juniors, and seniors. the Government Department offers majors ing. This course explores the roles of scientists and W. Breslin in political economy, government-history, the institutions that foster these achievements, and government-philosophy, government- examines the cooperation of scientists and policy GO 219. POLITICAL ECONOMY OF EUROPEAN sociology, business-government, government- makers who convert these technologies into instru- INTEGRATION 3 French, government-German, and ments of international politics and global competition. An introductory survey of how economics, history, government-Spanish. See Interdepartmental The course is intended to help students understand law, and politics together help explain the growth and Majors, page 142. The department participates the relationships between technological develop- development of the European Union over time. The in the international affairs minor. ments and selection of policies that shape interna- course focuses on common institutions and decision- tional affairs. Prerequisites: GO103, QR1, and one making, internal and external policies, issues of HONORS: To be recommended for honors in course in computer science or lab science. national and European identities, and place of R. DeSieno the department, a student must have received Europe in the wider world. R. Ginsberg at least an A- on an honors research paper in GO 201. PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL GO 221. UNITED STATES FOREIGN POLICY 3 any 300-level course. Specific requirements POLITICS 3 Theory and practice of contemporary United States for the paper are established by the depart- A survey of the patterns of relations among nation- foreign policy. The influence of idealism and realism ment. An honors research paper in govern- states from the Congress of Vienna to the 1960s. The and the democratic formulation and execution of ment is also required for interdepartmental course will introduce key concepts and frameworks to policy; relations with major world regions and powers; majors. explain international politics, and identify major issues of foreign aid, disarmament, and defense. factors that cause and prevent war. Prerequisite: Prerequisite: GO101, or HI222, or permission of THE GOVERNMENT MINOR: The govern- GO103 or permission of instructor. R. Ginsberg instructor. The Department ment minor consists of six courses to be determined in consultation with the department GO 203. COMPARATIVE POLITICS OF GO 222. STATE AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT 3 chair. At least two courses must be taken at WESTERN EUROPE 3 The study of state and local government, politics, and the 300 level. An introduction to the basic concepts of comparative policies within the United States federal system. politics with a focus on the European Union, France, Emphasis on connections between government Germany, and the United Kingdom. Prerequisite: structure, politics, and the economy, with special GO101 or 103 or permission of instructor. attention to questions of public policy. S. Witt R. Ginsberg

114 GO 223. CURRENT ISSUES IN PUBLIC GO 236. AMERICAN POLITICAL THOUGHT 3 GO 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN POLICY 3 An examination of the writings of selected thinkers in GOVERNMENT 3 An analysis of the public policy process through an the American political tradition. The course will place Internship in government, political, or legal offices for examination of several current policy issues. The particular emphasis on the thought of the framers and students with appropriate academic preparation. The course will begin with a study of the fundamentals of on the response of succeeding political leaders and intern is required to produce a substantial research policy formation, and will then investigate such policy thinkers to the framers’ principles. Prerequisites: paper related to the area of the internship, on a topic issues as freedom of speech and expression, AIDS GO101 or 103, or permission of instructor. approved by the faculty sponsor and the on-site (including public education and mandatory HIV P. Ferraioli supervisor. Prerequisite: GO101 or 103 (depending testing initiatives), privacy issues (particularly on the area of the internship) and one other govern- abortion and sodomy laws), affirmative action, and GO 237. THE POLITICS OF DEVELOPMENT 3 ment course in the area of the internship (American, welfare. Prerequisite: GO101. P. Ferraioli A survey of attempts made by different political comparative, or international). regimes to bring about economic and social develop- GO 224. AMERICAN INDIAN POLITICS ment in the Third World. Each year the course will GO 301. CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL AND POLICY 3 focus on a specific region such as Africa, Latin POLITICS 3 A study of the contemporary politics and policy of America, or the Far East. Topics will include the An analysis of changes in the international system American Indian tribes and nations, as well as the strategies for development pursued by authoritarian from the 1960s to the present. Topics include the politics and policy of federal-tribal relations. Using a (military, single party, personalistic) and pluralist arms race, arms control, regional warfare, human variety of public documents, academic analyses and (parliamentary, presidentialist) regimes; the role rights, economic sanctions, multilateral peacekeep- personal accounts, the course will consider such played by the state in the context of market, planned, ing, and the structure and function of the United topics as: treaty rights, sovereignty, gaming, religious and mixed economies; the political aspects of the Nations, the European Union, the North Atlantic freedom and the relationships between “traditional controversy on economic growth and redistribution; Treaty Organization, and other major international councils” and “tribal councils.” Prerequisite: GO101. and the problems posed by political, cultural, and organizations. This course may be taken in connec- P. Ferraioli linguistic pluralism. Prerequisite: GO103 or tion with participation in the Model United Nations, permission of instructor. A. Vacs the Model European Union, or other intercollegiate GO 225. MILITARY AND POLITICAL LESSONS simulations. Prerequisite: GO103 or permission of FROM WORLD WAR II 3 GO 239. NATIONALISM AND POLITICS IN instructor. R. Ginsberg A selective study of the crucial events of the twentieth THE MIDDLE EAST 3 century aimed at finding appropriate lessons for Introduction to the basic problems and trends of the GO 303. CLASSICAL POLITICAL THOUGHT 3 people who will live in the twenty-first century. Topics major “confrontation” and oil states of the Middle Political thought of Plato and Aristotle. This course include: importance of incorporating technological East, including leadership, instability, modernization, will treat the character of the political thought that advances into military doctrine, how “blitzkrieg” nationalism, and war. Covers Egypt, Israel, Syria, Socrates initiated. Consideration will be given to the offensives work and how to defeat them, and ad- Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Libya, Turkey, and reasons for the original tension between wisdom and vances in aerial and undersea warfare from 1939 to the Palestinians. In-depth coverage of the Arab- politics and to the manner in which theory can inform the present day. Interprets WW II as what military Israeli conflict. Prerequisite: GO103 or permission of practice. Selected Greek comedies and tragedies, as planners now call a “Revolution in Military Affairs” instructor. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) well as Roman and medieval political thought may (RMA), shows how that RMA still governs strategy S. Hoffmann also be considered. Prerequisite: GO103 or permis- and tactics today, and how the next RMA is already sion of instructor. visible on the horizon. Prerequisites: One of the GO 240. POLITICAL MODERNIZATION: THE following: GO101, 103, 201, HI105, 106, 222, SO101, CASE OF INDIA 3 GO 304. MODERN POLITICAL THOUGHT 3 or permission of instructor. S. Hoffmann A study of problems inherent in modernizing political Political thought of the Renaissance to that of the late systems, as exemplified by the development of mass nineteenth century. Selected thinkers include GO 227. RUSSIA: A CENTURY OF CHANGE 3 politics in India, the relationship of political to Machiavelli, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Wollstone- A comparison of traditional Russian society with economic development in this major “third world” craft, Hegel, Marx, and Nietzsche. Particular empha- Soviet society after 1917. The course will focus first nation, and the rise of Indian nationalism under the sis will be placed on the aspirations of liberalism and on the political, economic, and social characteristics nonviolent concepts of Mahatma Gandhi. The course the criticism these aspirations inspired. Prerequisite: of the authoritarian tsarist empire. Then we will turn provides background necessary for a sound under- GO103 or permission of instructor. to the revolutionary changes initiated by Lenin, the standing of India’s movement to independence as a terror of Stalin, the reforms of Khrushchev, and the modern nation-state. (Fulfills non-Western culture GO 305. INTEREST GROUPS AND PUBLIC stagnation under Brezhnev. Three areas of change requirement; also fulfills LS II requirement.) POLICY 3 will be examined in detail: (1) political structures and S. Hoffmann An examination of political theories and contempo- participation; (2) economic organization and equality; rary practices of interest groups in the making of (3) gender roles, both public and private. Readings GO 251. TOPICS IN POLITICAL SCIENCE 3 public policy in the United States. The course will include novels, memoirs, and press translations. Topically organized courses focused on selected includes a review of theoretical approaches to inter- (Fulfills LS2 requirement.) problems, areas, and issues of special interest in est groups, models of policy-making, a survey of political science at the intermediate level. Topics vary groups active in selected policy areas, and GO 234. AFRICAN-AMERICAN POLITICS IN from year to year, depending upon specialization and techniques of influence. Prerequisite: GO101 or THE UNITED STATES 3 research interests of the instructor. Students may permission of instructor. S. Witt A study of the individuals, organizations, and take the course more than once, with the approval of movements that have struggled to ensure the imple- the department, if the topic is different each time. GO 306. INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL mentation of the democratic principles of the U.S. for Prerequisite: for A, B, and D, GO103 or permission of LAW 3 all its citizens. The study includes an analysis of the the instructor; for C, GO101 or permission of the Principles of public international law, their sources degrees of effectiveness of various philosophies, instructor. and nature, and the extent of their contemporary strategies, and tactics used to achieve social justice. A. Comparative Politics authority in governing the relations and behavior Prerequisite: GO101 or permission of instructor. B. International Relations of states. Prerequisite: GO103 or permission of The Department C. American Politics instructor. The Department D. Political Theory GO 235. POLITICAL LEADERSHIP AND THE GO 308. CONTEMPORARY POLITICAL POLITICS OF POWER 3 GO 252. THE PSYCHOLOGY OF POLITICS 3 THOUGHT 3 An analysis of the characteristics of authority and the An examination of how citizens’ and public officials’ Political thought of the twentieth century. Primary exercise of political power. The course examines the attitudes, values, beliefs, experiences, and cognitive attention will be given to the influence of Nietzsche as techniques of political leadership in the context of capacities shape political behavior and influence the reflected in existentialism, post-modernism, and post- twentieth-century democracy and totalitarianism. actions of American political institutions. Topics modern feminism. Additional topics might include the The Department include political socialization, political personality, influence of Freudianism on political thought, the attitude formation and change, and political decision- debate between Rawls and Nozick on social justice, making. Prerequisite: GO101 or permission of and the claims of communitarianism. Prerequisite: instructor. R. Seyb GO103 or permission of instructor; recommended preparation: GO303 or 304. 115 GO 309. LATIN AMERICA AND THE UNITED GH 322. THE HISTORY AND POLITICAL GO 338. INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMATIC STATES 3 THOUGHT OF THE AMERICAN NEGOTIATIONS 3 An examination of the relations between Latin REVOLUTION 3 An exploration of the technique and practice of America and the United States, including their politi- (Government-History 322) international diplomatic negotiation. Focus will be on cal, strategic, and economic aspects. The course The creation of a new nation, 1763-1789. This analyzing a variety of negotiating problems (political, reviews some of the major theoretical interpretations course will give special attention to the political strategic and economic) that involve different actors of these relations and analyzes some crucial histori- ideas which gave direction to the American Revolu- (Western, Socialist and Third World countries) and cal events and developments before focusing on tion and the Constitution. Prerequisite: GO101 or settings (global, regional and local situations). The crucial contemporary topics including collective permission of instructor. T. Kuroda case study method will be used to encourage student security, revolutionary change, imperialism and participation in the discussion of the issues and nationalism, economic issues, human rights and GO 327. POLITICS IN RUSSIA AND THE tactical questions involved. Prerequisite: GO103 or democracy, drug traffic, and migration. Prerequisite: SOVIET SUCCESSOR STATES 3 201 or permission of instructor. A. Vacs GO 103 or permission of instructor. A. Vacs An analysis of politics in Russia and in the post- communist republics of the former Soviet Union. GO 344. COMPARATIVE POLITICS AND GO 311. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW 3 After analyzing the disintegration of the U.S.S.R. CULTURE: INDIA AND JAPAN 3 A survey of the American constitutional system under Gorbachev, the course will focus on the A comparison of the political systems of the two emphasizing sources and uses of governmental attempts since 1991 to create democratic political major Asian democracies, India and Japan, with an power, the political role of the Supreme Court, the systems. Special attention will be paid to elections, emphasis on the role of culture in explaining political Court’s jurisdiction, and the allocation of powers constitutions, political party formation, parliaments, be havior and economic development. Special between the federal government and the states. leadership strategies, and nationalism. Prerequisite: attention is paid to the problems being experienced Prerequisite: GO 101 or permission of instructor. GO103 or permission of instructor. by the Indian and Japanese versions of parliamentary W. Breslin democracy, and to the economic policies favored by GO 328. NATIONALISM, COMMUNISM, AND the two governments. Prerequisite: GO103 or permis- GO 312. CONTEMPORARY CONSTITUTIONAL DEMOCRACY: POLITICS IN EAST sion of the instructor. Not open to students who have PROBLEMS 3 EUROPE 3 taken GO 345 or 346. (Fulfills non-Western culture An examination of selected constitutional issues, East European politics from 1918 to the present. The requirement.) S. Hoffmann including the proper role of the Supreme Court in our course analyzes democracy and fascism before political system. The course covers theories of World War II, the rise and fall of communism, and the GO 351. TOPICS IN POLITICAL THOUGHT 3 judicial review, as well as many of the complexities of rebirth of democracy and nationalism after 1989. A seminar devoted to a particular issue or a particular modern civil rights and civil liberties. Prerequisite: GO Major topics include modernization and political thinker. Topics will vary from year to year. Recent 212 or permission of instructor. W. Breslin development, nationalism and political culture, one- topics have included “The ’Public’ and ’Private’ in party dictatorships and multi-party presidential and Modern Political Thought,” “Machiavelli’s Political GO 313. POLITICS OF CONTEMPORARY parliamentary democracies. Prerequisite: GO103 or Thought,” and “Shakespeare’s Rome."The course UNITED STATES SOCIAL permission of instructor. may be repeated with the approval of the department. MOVEMENTS 3 Prerequisite: GO103 or permission of instructor. A study of the civil rights, women’s, and lesbian/ GO 333. AMERICAN POLITICAL RESEARCH 3 Recommended additional preparation: GO303 or 304. bisexual/gay movements in the United States. This A senior seminar in which each student will conduct The Department interdisciplinary course will look at the history, individualized research into a topic or question in development, and impact of these movements and contemporary American politics. Each student will GO 352. WOMEN AND THE LAW 3 the social/political communities they create. Particu- prepare a research design, class progress reports, The rights of women under constitutional and statute lar consideration will be given to the relationships of and a final paper. Special attention will be given to law in the United States. Examines changing patterns these movements to social change in the arenas of primary sources, such as government documents, in the legal status of women, legal protection against public policy, social institutions, and culture. Open and to computer-based research techniques and public and private discrimination, and the effective- to sophomores, juniors, and seniors. P. Ferraioli resources, such as internet and data bases. Prereq- ness of law as an instrument of social change. uisite: Senior government major status, or permission Prerequisite: GO101 or permission of instructor. GO 316. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 3 of the instructor. S. Witt The Department An examination of the administration of public policy in the United States, with attention to government GO 334. THE UNITED STATES PRESIDENCY 3 GO 353. SEX AND POWER 3 organization, budgeting, personnel, procurement, An analysis of the Presidential role in United States A theoretical and policy consideration of “sex” as an regulation, due process, intergovernmental rela- politics. The course will examine the expansion of the instrument of power. The course will explore a range tions, and reform. Students will select one federal constitutional and political powers of the President in of theoretical perspectives, as well as representations agency or program for study in depth. Prerequisite: the light of contemporary politics. Prerequisite: of sex found in statutes, court cases, film, novels, GO101 or permission of instructor. S. Witt GO101 or permission of instructor. R. Seyb and music. Attention will be focused on how these perspectives and/or representations support or GO 318. COMPARATIVE FOREIGN POLICY 3 GO 336. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL ECONOMY: challenge power relationships. Prerequisites: GO101 A comparative examination of the foreign policies of THE DEVELOPED WORLD 3 and 103 or permission of instructor. P. Ferraioli France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and other An exploration of the changes taking place in the European states within the contexts of United international system that give greater weight to GO 354. FEMINIST POLITICAL THOUGHT 3 States-European relations, the North Atlantic Treaty economic events and issues, with focus on the A critical exploration of contemporary feminist politi- Organization, and the European Union. Prerequisite: foreign economic, monetary, and trade policies of the cal thought. The course will focus on the different GO103 or permission of instructor. R. Ginsberg United States, Canada, Japan, and the European conceptions of subjectivity found within feminist Union. Prerequisite: GO201 or permission of instruc- thought and the implications of those conceptions for GO 320. CASES IN TWENTIETH CENTURY tor. R. Ginsberg political society. Readings will come from a wide SUPERPOWER RELATIONS 3 range of approaches including postmodernism, An analysis of Cold War and post-Cold War interna- GO 337. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL psychoanalytic theory, and standpoint theory. Pre- tional politics focusing on United States-Russian ECONOMY: THE THIRD WORLD 3 requisite: GO101 or 103, or permission of instructor. confrontations with each other and with their allies. A study of the evolution and current characteristics of P. Ferraioli Students will use cases to examine the evolution of the Third World political-economic structures and international security issues including arms control, processes (including those related to trade, invest- GO 355. AFRICAN POLITICS 3 regional conflicts from Cuba to Vietnam to Afghani- ment, finance, monetary affairs, aid, oil) from the An analysis of states and societies of Africa during stan, and the new challenges of the post-1989 era perspective of the relationships between politics and the colonial and independent periods. Topics to be such as the wars in the Persian Gulf and the former economics, international and domestic developments, covered include: the effect of colonialism on state Yugoslavia. Prerequisite: GO103 or permission of and state and society. Emphasis will be on topics such structures, social groupings and ethnic identities, the instructor. as dependency and interdependency, protectionism impact of the international political economy on and terms of trade, producer cartels, emergence of Africa, and the impact of military and civilian gover- new industrializing countries, debt crisis and demands nance on domestic politics. Prerequisite: GO103, or for a new international economic order. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. (Fulfills non-Western culture 116 GO103 or permission of instructor. A. Vacs requirement.) C. Whann GO 362. POLITICS OF THE CONGRESS 3 THE HISTORY MINOR: A minor in history A seminar devoted to the examination of the History consists of six courses approved by an advisor congressional system through research, class in the department, including a colloquium and discussion, and written work. Prerequisite: GO101 at least one additional 300-level course in or permission of instructor. R. Seyb Chair of the Department of History: Margaret J. history. Pearson, Ph.D. GO. 365. TOPICS IN COMPARATIVE POLITICS 3 Credits toward the major: Courses success- Selected issues, regions, and research in compara- Professors: *Patricia-Ann Lee, Ph.D.; fully completed through Advanced Placement, tive politics. Topics will vary from year to year, Tadahisa Kuroda, Ph.D. courses completed at other accredited institu- depending upon specialization and research Associate Professor: Margaret J. Pearson, tions, and course credit received in programs interests of the instructor. Possible topics: post- Ph.D. authoritarian transitions in Eastern Europe; party abroad may, with the permission of the chair- politics in Israel. Students may take the course Assistant Professors: David E. Baum, Ph.D.; person, be counted toward history require- more than once, with the approval of the depart- Jennifer Delton, Ph.D.; Matthew D. Hockenos, ments. Of the work submitted for the major, ment, if the topic is different each time. Prerequisite: Ph.D. interdepartmental majors, and the minor, the GO103 or permission of the instructor. Lecturer: David Eyman, Ph.D. department requires that at least half be The Department courses taught in the Skidmore History Depart- ment and listed in the Skidmore catalogue. GO 366. TOPICS IN INTERNATIONAL “An unexamined life is not worth living.” Socrates RELATIONS 3 The department will treat as equivalent to one Selected issues, regions, and research in interna- History is a way by which men and women come to understand who they are as human course toward the major or minor in history six tional relations. Topics will vary from year to year, credits of Advanced Placement in either depending upon specialization and research interests beings. The study of history is a vital part of a American or European history accepted by of the instructor. Possible topics: Commonwealth of liberal arts education. Encompassing the Independent States (former Soviet Union), conflict whole range of human experience, the disci- Skidmore College. and compromise; United States and Japan, allies in pline of history employs established methods collision. Students may take the course more than of investigation and research to deal critically The following courses provide both Liberal once, with the approval of the department, if the topic with processes of change. The Skidmore Studies credit and credit toward the history is different each time. Prerequisite: GO103 or permis- History Department expects its students to major or minor: LS2 113, 124, LS II 030, 050; sion of the instructor. The Department acquire a broad knowledge of the past and to HI104, and 105. be able to work in depth in areas and at topics GO 367. TOPICS IN AMERICAN POLITICS 3 of an individual's particular interest. Students PHI ALPHA THETA: Alpha Delta Tau Chapter. Selected issues, periods, and research in American Founded in 1921, Phi Alpha Theta is an inter- politics. Topics will vary from year to year, depending should develop the capacity to identify major historical problems, interpret varying bodies of national history honor society and a profes- upon the specialization and research interests of the sional society for students and historians. Phi instructor. Possible topics include: urban government, knowledge, deal critically with a range of historical sources and present their ideas in a Alpha Theta recognizes academic excellence politics of AIDS, political role of the labor movement, in the study of history. Eligibility requirements etc. Students may take the course more than once, clear, vigorous, and graceful form. Course include: (1) completion of a minimum of four with the approval of the department, if the topic is offered by the department explore the pasts of different each time. Prerequisite: GO101 or permis- the United States, Europe, Asia, North Africa, courses in history, (2) 3.10 cumulative grade- sion of the instructor. The Department and the Middle East, and range from the point average in history, (3) 3.0 cumulative ancient world to the present. History students grade-point average in two-thirds of all other GO 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 are encouraged to develop areas of interest in courses. An opportunity for qualified majors to do special related disciplines and programs such as studies in the field of political science beyond or international relations, American and Asian outside of the regular departmental offerings. The studies, government, and philosophy as well First-year students are welcome in all courses student’s study program is supervised by a member numbered 103 through 247. of the department. Written work and regular periodic as to study abroad. discussion meetings are required. The Department HI 103. MEDIEVAL EUROPE 3 THE HISTORY MAJOR: A major requires ten The formation of Europe: from the breakdown of GO 375. SENIOR THESIS 3 courses in history, including at least four at the Roman political authority in the West in the fourth Optional for government majors. Particularly 300 level, one of which must be a colloquium century to the rise of national states and their con- recommended for majors wishing to develop a that the student normally takes in the senior flicts in the fourteenth. (Not open to students who problem or theme in depth and for those working year. Students should take additional colloquia have previously taken HI203; fulfills society-B compo- toward professional careers or in preparing for if possible. nent of breadth requirement.) D. Baum graduate work. Individual and group conferences during the term. The Department In cooperation with the advisor, a student HI 104. EARLY MODERN EUROPEAN majoring in history should construct a program HISTORY 3 GO 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN to include a broad knowledge of history in The evolution of modern European politics, society, GOVERNMENT 3, 6, or 9 general, as well as specific knowledge of one and thought: from the Renaissance and Reformation Internship experience at an advanced level in area of history in greater depth. The program to the French Revolution. (Fulfills LS II requirement; government, political, or legal offices for students fulfills society-B component of breadth requirement.) with substantial academic preparation. The intern should include a variety of approaches to the D.Baum must produce a major research paper related to the study of history and should demonstrate the area of the internship, on a topic approved by the ability to work at different levels. HI 105. EUROPE 1815 TO THE PRESENT: faculty sponsor and the on-site supervisor. Prereq- NATIONS AND PEOPLES 3 uisite: GO101 (if internship is in the area of national INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In The impact of the industrial revolution, urbanization politics or a legal office), or GO103 (if internship is conjunction with the relevant departments, and the new urban classes; the rise of nationalism, in the area of comparative or international politics), the History Department offers majors in democracy, and new ideologies; war and diplomacy; and at least two advanced courses in the appropri- government-history and history-philosophy. the development of communism and fascism; world ate field for the internship. See Interdepartmental Majors, page 142 wars and the cold war; the rise and fall of imperial- Other interdepartmental majors can be ism. (Fulfills LS2 requirement; fulfills society-B arranged. The department participates in the component of breadth requirement.) M. Hockenos Asian studies major and minor, and in the international affairs minor.

117 HI 106. TWENTIETH CENTURY: AGE OF HI 215. TOPICS IN HISTORY 3 HI 235. FROM TRIBE TO DYNASTY: CONFLICT 3 Topically organized courses based on problems and INTRODUCTION TO ISLAMIC Major topics in twentieth-century history: world wars issues of special interest at the introductory level. HISTORY 3 and cold war, Nazism, communism,the Holocaust, The specific themes to be examined may differ from Early political, socioeconomic, and intellectual develop- new nations and nationalisms, collapse of Soviet year to year. Recent offerings include “The History of ments from the rise of Islam in seventh-century Arabia communisim. (Fulfills society-B component of breadth Science from Newton to the Present,” “Victorian to the fall of the Abbasid dynasty in Baghdad in 1258, requirement.) M. Hockenos People,” “Electing the President,” and “Europe: with emphasis on internal conflicts, political revolts, Politics and Culture 1870-1914.” This course with a religious schisms, and the consolidation of lasting cultural HI 107. WRITING ABOUT HISTORY 3 different topic may be repeated for credit. institutions. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) A brief study of a number of significant issues in A. Topics in American HistoryJ. Delton, T. Kuroda history. Students will be introduced to the discipline of B. Topics in English History P.A. Lee HI 236. CULTURAL AND POLITICAL ORDER history and will have an opportunity to develop and C. Topics in Medieval History D. Baum IN MEDIEVAL ISLAM 3 improve writing skills. (Fulfills expository writing D. Topics in Modern European History M.Hockenos The development of Islamic civilization in the Middle requirement; fulfills society-B component of breadth E. Topics in Russian History East, North Africa, Spain, Iran, and India from the requirement.) F. Topics in Ancient History M. Arnush Abbasid revolution through the Mongol invasions to A. The Liberal Arts College in America from Harvard G. Topics in Literature and Philosophy of History the rise of Ottoman, Safavid, and Timurid empires to Skidmore. T. Kuroda (750-1500). Giving equal emphasis to individual figures, HI 216. TOPICS IN HISTORY: institutions, and movements, the course underscores HI 201. GREEK HISTORY 3 NON-WESTERN 3 first, the interplay of religion and society in the formation A study of Greece from the Mycenaean age to the Topically organized courses based on problems and of Islamic culture under the caliphs and sultans; and Trojan War to Alexander the Great. The course issues of special interest at the introductory level. second, the resilience of Islamic institutions challenged focuses on the heroic age, the development of the The specific themes to be examined may be different by internal dissent, regional rebellion, and foreign inva- city-state, the origins of democracy, the nature of from year to year. This course with a different topic sions. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement and imperialism, intellectual and cultural achievements, may be repeated for credit. society-B component of breadth requirement.) economic conditions, and family life. Special empha- A. Topics in Chinese History M. Pearson sis is given to the study of the ancient sources: B. Topics in Japanese History M. Pearson HI 238. THE MODERN MIDDLE EAST 3 literary, historiographic, archaeological, and numis- C. Topics in Islamic History The historical transformation of Middle East in the light matic. (Fulfills expository writing requirement; fulfills D. Other of the colonial experience and encounters with the West society-B component of breadth requirement.) (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) and modernization since the early twentieth century. M. Arnush The course focuses on the rise of nationalism, the HI 221. AMERICAN HISTORY TO THE modern nation-state, the Arab-Israeli conflict, and Islamic HI 202. ROMAN HISTORY 3 CIVIL WAR 3 revivalism. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) A study of Rome from its foundation by Romulus to An exploration of major issues and problems of the the principate of Justinian and the end of antiquity. American past: the colonial experience to the Civil HI 241. INTRODUCTION TO IMPERIAL CHINA 3 The course focuses on the Etruscan world, the rise of War. (Fulfills society-B component of breadth An introductory survey of the major cultural, political, Rome in Italy, the impact of Hellenism, social and requirement.) J. Delton and ideological developments in China from earliest political institutions in the Republic, imperialism under times to the fall of the last Chinese dynasty, with focus Augustus, the evolution of Roman culture and the HI 222. AMERICAN HISTORY SINCE on several important eras and their contributions to spread of Christianity. Special emphasis is given to THE CIVIL WAR 3 Asian civilizations. (Fulfills non-Western culture the study of the ancient sources: literary, historio- An exploration of major issues and problems of requirement; fulfills society-B component of breadth graphic, archaeological, and numismatic. (Fulfills the American past: from the Civil War to the present. requirement.) M. Pearson society-B component of breadth requirement.) (Fulfills society-B component of breadth require- M. Arnush ment.) J. Delton HI 242. INTRODUCTION TO MODERN CHINA 3 An introductory survey of the major political, economic, HI 210. CREATING A NATION — MEDIEVAL HI 223. AMERICA AND THE WORLD: A and social developments in China, from the foundation ENGLAND: KINGS, LORDS, AND HISTORY OF U.S. FOREIGN POLICY 3 of the last imperial dynasty in 1644 to the present. PEOPLES 3 America’s interactions with the rest of the world from Emphasis is on the major stages of the revolution, from Out of the mingling of different peoples, laws, the 1870s, when the United States first began to the Opium War to the present. (Fulfills non-Western languages and cultures, an English state was forged question its traditional posture of aloofness and culture requirement; fulfills society-B component of in the middle ages and ideas of rights, constitutional- define a new role for itself in international affairs. breadth requirement.) M. Pearson ism, and the rule of law emerged which have Course will trace the development of the U.S. from profoundly affected the American experience from its position as a peripheral force in world affairs to its HI 247. THE RISE OF JAPAN 3 the colonial period to the present day. Through role as an international superpower: how and why did An introductory survey of Japanese history and culture documents, readings, discussion, and writing assign- American leaders devise policies to protect, manage, from its beginnings through World War II. Focus is on ments, the class will reflect upon processes of change and extend U.S. interests abroad, who opposed ways in which Japanese women and men have trans- which were social and cultural, as well as political. these policies, and what factors inhibited the imple- formed borrowings from other cultures to create their (Fulfills society-B component of breadth require- mentation of these policies. (Fulfills society-B unique forms of government, society, and the arts. ment.) P.A. Lee component of breadth requirement.) J. Delton Sources include a diary, short stories, legal documents, and films. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement; HI 211. STATE AND PEOPLE: ENGLISH HI 232. MODERN RUSSIAN HISTORY 3 fulfills society-B component of breadth requirement.) REVOLUTIONS, 1485-1832 3 An introduction to Russian and Soviet history in the M. Pearson Between 1485 and 1832 England (Britain) underwent nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Topics include a series of revolutions—religious, political, and emancipation of the serfs, political reform in the HI 254. INTELLECTUAL HISTORY — economic. This process transformed a society, which 1860s, economic advance and political reaction, war MODERN EUROPE 3 was still feudal in many respects, into a modern state and revolutions, war communism, new economic The principal currents of modern European thought: with increasingly broad representation and one which policy, Stalinist Russia, World War II, Krushchev to the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. M. Hockenos was poised for the move toward democracy in the Gorbachev. The Department nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Students will HI 261. AFRICAN-AMERICAN LIFE AND examine processes of change which were social, HI 234. THE MIDDLE EAST THROUGH POLITICS, 1619 TO THE PRESENT 3 cultural, and economic, as well as political. (Fulfills LITERATURE 3 A history of black people in America from slavery society-B component of breadth requirement.) An examination of the historical forces shaping through emancipation to the present. The course P.A. Lee gender politics, modernity, tradition, and its reinven- examines such topics as: slave culture, black resistance, tion in the light of the postcolonial experience of the the Harlem Renaissance, the development of jazz, Middle East. Through historical texts, novels, short blues, and soul music, the civil rights movement and its stories, and poetry, this course reviews and analyzes aftermath, and the crisis of the inner cities to understand a range of social and political experiences in Middle how black people have defined their place in American Eastern societies. (Fulfills non-Western culture life. (Fulfills society-B component of breadth require- 118 requirement.) ment.) J. Delton HI 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN HI 307. EUROPE IN THE NINETEENTH HI 328. AMERICA IN THE AGE OF REFORM: HISTORY 3 CENTURY, 1815-1914 3 1876 TO THE NEW DEAL 3 Internship opportunity for students whose curricular The social, economic and political evolution of The United States' response to industrialization, foundations and cocurricular experience have pre- Europe from Napoleon I to World War I. Emphasis immigration, urbanization, and economic crisis in the pared them for professional work related to the major on revolutionary movements, the effects of industrial- late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. This course field. With faculty sponsorship and department ization and urbanization on social and political use a variety of primary and secondary materials to approval, students may extend their educational structures, and the international rivalry which examine how Americans deal with the problems of experience into such areas as archives, museums, culminated in war. M. Hockenos modernity. J. Delton galleries, libraries, historical societies, preservation, and other professional areas. Prerequisite: previous HI 308. EUROPE IN THE TWENTIETH HI 329. THE AMERICAN CENTURY 3 study related to the area of the internship experience. CENTURY 3 A cultural and political study of the United States' An intensive examination of the political, economic, years as a world power, from the Second World War social, and cultural history of Europe from World War to the end of the cold war. The course uses a variety NOTE: Courses on the 300-level are open to I. The course emphasizes the impact of two world of primary and secondary source material (including sophomores only with permission of instructor. wars, the rise of communism and anti-communism, films, music, and novels) to examine how Americans fascism, the cold war, economic transformation of fought over the changing meaning of affluence, world HI 301. EARLY MEDIEVAL CIVILIZATION 3 Europe, economic growth and the dismantling of power, gender, race, and democracy in the last half The culture and society of Europe: 300 to 1100. European empires, and the end of the cold war. of the twentieth century. J. Delton Special emphasis upon the development of the early M. Hockenos Christian church, the thought of Augustine of Hippo, HI 310. AGE OF THE TUDORS 3 HI 332. RUSSIA TO 1855: FROM TSAR TO the rise of Charlemagne’s Frankish Empire, and the A detailed examination of the political, economic and EMPEROR 3 economic revival of Europe in the eleventh century. social process which transformed late medieval Course deals with origins of Russia, growth of Mus- D. Baum England into the bureaucratic state and secular covy; establishment of absolutism and serfdom; the society which are the basis of the modern British Russian empire to the nineteenth century; reforms HI 302. THE HIGH MIDDLE AGES 3 system. Attention will be given to social change and and counterreforms; and cultural changes. European civilization: 1100 to 1400. Special empha- to the iconography and ideology of kingship. P.A. Lee The Department sis upon the Renaissance of the twelfth century; the rediscovery of Aristotle; the thought of Peter Abelard, HI 311. AGE OF THE STUARTS 3 HI 333. HISTORY OF SOVIET SOCIETY 3 Thomas Aquinas and William of Ockham; the Roman Political, economic and social change in the period of The evolution of Soviet society from just before the Church at its height; the breakdown of Christian unity. the early and later Stuarts, with emphasis on the 1917 revolutions to the present with concentration on D. Baum remaking of the English Constitution and emerging economic and social changes, the history of nationali- concepts of political and social rights. Attention will ties, the cultural revolution of the 1930s, and social HI 303. INTELLECTUAL HISTORY — be given to the developments of this period as a changes to the present. The Department MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE 3 background for American ideas and institutions. The principal currents of Western European thought: P.A. Lee HI 335. GERMAN HISTORY SINCE 1814 3 the Middle Ages, the Italian Renaissance, and the The German Confederation, the revolutions of 1848, Renaissance of the North.(Not open to students who HI 312. MODERN ENGLAND: WHIGS AND unification, the German Empire, Weimar Germany, have previously taken HI252.) D. Baum TORIES 3 Nazi Germany, the postwar period. M. Hockenos An intensive examination of the early industrial state HI 304. RENAISSANCE DIPLOMACY AND in its political and economic development but also HI 343. THE CHINESE REVOLUTION 3 THE FORMATION OF THE EARLY with reference to its appearance in art and literature. An examination of the major issues and events in the MODERN STATE 3 Attention will be given not only to the development of Chinese Revolution, from the foundation of the The emergence of early modern political practice and party government and the emergence of an industrial Republic in 1911 to the present, with emphasis on theory. This course traces the development of Re- society but to diverse impulses toward reform. the relationships between social, economic, and naissance diplomacy from its origins among the P.A. Lee political goals; the methods used to gain them; and Italian city-states of the early fifteenth century to its the impact of changes on personal and intellectual maturation in the courts of the great seventeenth- HI 321. AMERICAN COLONIAL HISTORY 3 freedom. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) century monarchs, including Louis XIV. The course From the age of discovery to 1763. This course M. Pearson will also examine the relationship between the examines the evolution of mature American societies development of diplomatic cultures and practices from their European origins, and gives special atten- HI 347. JAPAN’S MODERNIZERS: SAMURAI, (which includes a consideration of the Renaissance tion to the increasingly shared experiences, ideas, WEAVERS, WRITERS, AND archetypes of prince, courtier, and diplomat) and the and institutions of the thirteen diverse colonies which PROSTITUTES 3 formation of the first modern states. D. Baum later became the United States. T. Kuroda The lives and works of men and women who trans- formed nineteenth-century Japan from feudalism to HI 305. SCIENCE AND THE CHURCH: EUROPE GH 322. THE HISTORY AND POLITICAL modernity, and from weakness and isolation to FROM LUTHER TO VOLTAIRE 3 THOUGHT OF THE AMERICAN international prominence. Autobiographies, novels, The emergence in early modern Europe (1500-1800) REVOLUTION 3 films, and conventional histories will be used to show of two competing world views: Christianity and The creation of a new nation: 1763-1789. This course how Japan was able to change so rapidly. (Fulfills scientific rationalism. The course will examine the will give special attention to the political ideas which non-Western culture requirement.) M. Pearson competition between these two ideologies for control gave direction to the American Revolution and the of the political, economic, and social machinery of Constitution. T. Kuroda HI 355. CASE STUDIES IN LEADERSHIP 3 European culture, especially as represented by the This course will use case studies to examine the modern state, and for the right to define the principal HI 323. THE NEW AMERICAN REPUBLIC 3 nature of leadership in its social, political, and histori- modes of cultural expression—the literary, plastic, From Washington through Jackson, 1789-1840. This cal contexts over time and in a number of different and performing arts. D. Baum course will examine the United States as an emerg- cultural/historical frameworks. Participants will ing nation in search of security and stability in the examine models, successful and unsuccessful HI 306. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND face of political, economic, social, and international leaderships, as they occur in situations of national NAPOLEON, 1789-1815 3 pressures, and study how that republic evolved to and international crisis. P.A. Lee A study of the causes and course of the Revolution in become the democracy of the Jacksonian age. France, the reign of Napoleon, and the effects of the T. Kuroda HI 357. WOMEN IN ISLAMIC SOCIETY 3 Revolution and Napoleon on other European states. An examination of the social status of women as D. Baum HI 324. CIVIL WAR AND RECONSTRUCTION 3 envisioned by the Qur’an and its interpreters, as Division and reunification, 1840-1877. This course conditioned by the diverse historical realities of will examine the importance of sectionalism, the Muslim cultures, and as reflected in the modern breakdown of national institutions, the revolutionary discourse on feminism in Muslim society. (Fulfills impact of the war, and the dilemmas attending non-Western culture requirement.) reconciliation. Special attention will be given to the role of race in shaping popular attitudes and public 119 policy before, during, and after the war. T. Kuroda HI 361. TOPICS IN HISTORY: WESTERN 3 THE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS MINOR: Topically organized courses based on problems and International Affairs The minor consists of eight international- issues of special interest at the advanced level. The affairs-designated courses. One core course specific themes to be examined may differ from year (IA 101) is required as a common experience to year. Recent offerings include “The Historian as Director of the International Affairs Program: for all minors, five international affairs courses Detective,” “Utopias and Science Fiction,” and “The K. Gary McClure, Ph.D. from outside the student’s major (in addition to Fifties.” This course with a different topic may be the core course), and two international affairs repeated for credit. Faculty: courses from within the major. A. Topics in American History T. Kuroda B. Topics in English History P.A. Lee Anthropology, Sociology, and Social Work: C. Topics in Medieval History D. Baum Catherine White Berheide, Gerald Erchak, These eight courses must include: D. Topics in Modern European History Michael Ennis-McMillan, Jill Sweet 1. The core course, “Introduction to Interna- M. Hockenos Art and Art History: Lisa Aronson tional Affairs” (IA101); E. Topics in Russian History Business: Betty Balevic, Mary Correa, James 2. One language course in which the student F. Topics in Ancient History M. Arnush Kennelly, Gary McClure demonstrates competence in a foreign G. Topics in Literature and Philosophy of History Classics: Michael Arnush language at a level at least one semester Economics: Tim Koechlin, Mehmet Odekon beyond the College language requirement; HI 362. TOPICS IN HISTORY: Education: Barbara Henriques 3. One course from at least three disciplines NON-WESTERN 3 English: Regina Janes, Rajagopal outside the major (in addition to core course); Topically organized courses based on problems and Parthasarathy 4. One course from each of three clusters: issues of special interest at the advanced level. The Environmental Studies: Judith Halstead International Politics, Diplomacy, and Conflict; specific themes to be examined may differ from year International Political Economy and Business; to year. Recent offerings include “The Middle East in Foreign Languages and Literatures: John and Comparative/Contextual Analysis. the Twentieth Century,” “Islamic ‘Fundamentalism’ and Anzalone, Grace Burton, Mao Chen, Revolution,” “The Han Dynasty.” This course with a Cynthia Evans, Giuseppe Faustini, Lynne 5. Two 300-level international-affairs courses different topic may be repeated for credit. Gelber, Masako Inamoto, Hedi Jaouad, among the five outside the major; A. Topics in Chinese History M. Pearson Juan Carlos Lertora, Mary-Elizabeth 6. Two international-affairs courses from within B. Topics in Japanese History M. Pearson O’Brien, Patricia Rubio, Shirley Smith, the major. C. Topics in Islamic History Marc-André Wiesmann D. Other Geology: Kenneth Johnson Students are also required to attend twice- (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) Government: Timothy Burns, Roy Ginsberg, yearly international-affairs colloquia and are Steven Hoffmann, Aldo Vacs, Christopher strongly encouraged to study abroad or in HI 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 Whann Washington, do internships with an interna- Research in any period or topic in history not History: David Baum, Jennifer Delton, David tional focus, and participate in on- and off- available in existing course offerings. Consent of the Eyman, Matthew Hockenos, Tadahisha campus internationally related cocurricular department is required. Kuroda, Patricia-Ann Lee, Margaret activities. HI 375. COLLOQUIA IN HISTORY 3 Pearson Each year the department will offer colloquia in several Mathematics and Computer Science: Robert International Affairs Curriculum of the areas listed below, the specific theme in an area to DeSieno be announced before registration. Each colloquium will Philosophy and Religion: Joel Smith IA 101. INTRODUCTION TO INTERNATIONAL require readings for the weekly discussion meetings, oral Theater: Lary Opitz AFFAIRS 3 reports, and a paper based on the student’s research. An introduction to the field of international affairs. All colloquia are open to any student meeting the pre- The international affairs minor introduces The course explores the relationships among the requisite of twelve semester hours in history. At least students to the study of relations between and disciplines within international affairs. Examines key six semester hours of prior work should be in the same among nation-states, regions, and other inter- concepts that describe and explain international area (i.e., American, English, Medieval, etc.) as the national actors as influenced by business, relationships and issues, explores the diversity of colloquium chosen. By permission of the instructor only. culture, economics, geography, history, and perceptions of international issues across national and cultural boundaries, and engages students in A. Colloquium in American History J. Delton, politics. The minor, which is open to any stu- in-class global problem-solving exercises. (Fulfills T. Kuroda dent majoring in anthropology, business, B. Colloquium in English History P.A. Lee LS2 requirement.). International Affairs Faculty economics, government, history, or foreign C. Colloquium in Medieval History D. Baum D. Colloquium in Modern European History languages and literatures, or to interdepart- Language Component: M. Hockenos mental majors in at least one of the above E. Colloquium in Russian History departments, stresses the importance of an FC 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY F. Colloquium in Ancient History M. Arnush international education in an increasingly FF 208. ADVANCED GRAMMAR AND * G. Colloquium in Chinese History M. Pearson interdependent world and enhances students’ COMPOSITION * H. Colloquium in Japanese History M. Pearson preparation for further work or study in the field FF 301. BUSINESS FRENCH I. The Literature and Philosophy of History of international affairs. FF 304. ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND J. Colloquium in Early Modern Europen History PRONUNCIATION D. Baum Self-determined majors may also minor in FF 306. TRANSLATION AND STYLISTICS * K. Colloquium in Islamic History international affairs with the consent of their FG 208. ADVANCED GERMAN advisor and the director of the International CONVERSATION AND COMPOSITION * Fulfills non-Western culture requirement. FG 301. COMMERCIAL GERMAN Affairs Program. Self-determined majors FI 208. ITALIAN CONVERSATION AND HI 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN should consult with their advisor and the pro- COMPOSITION HISTORY 3 gram director early in the self-determined FI 301. BUSINESS ITALIAN Professional experience at an advanced level for major application process in order to take into FI 304. ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND juniors and seniors with substantial academic and account the requirements of both the major COMPOSITION cocurricular experience in the major field. With faculty and the minor. FJ 204. ADVANCED INTERMEDIATE sponsorship and department approval, students may JAPANESE I extend their educational experience into such areas FJ 206 ADVANCED INTERMEDIATE as archives, museums, galleries, libraries, historical JAPANESE II societies, preservation, and other professional areas. FJ 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY Prerequisite: previous study related to the area of the FS 208. SPANISH COMPOSITION internship experience. FS 209. SPANISH CONVERSATION FS 301. COMMERCIAL SPANISH FS 304. ADVANCED CONVERSATION AND 120 COMPOSITION International Politics, Diplomacy, and Conflict: GO 336. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL HI 343. THE CHINESE REVOLUTION ECONOMY: THE DEVELOPED WORLD HI 347. JAPAN’S MODERNIZERS: SAMURAI, CL 365. TOPICS IN CLASSICAL STUDIES GO 337. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL WEAVERS, WRITERS, AND “International Affairs in Antiquity” ECONOMY: THE THIRD WORLD PROSTITUTES GM 201. GLOBAL SECURITY IN AN AGE OF LS2 137. BUSINESS AND THE NATURAL LS2 106. LATIN AMERICA: STABILITY AND INVENTION ENVIRONMENT CHANGE GO 103. CRITICAL ISSUES IN WORLD SO 331. WOMEN IN THE GLOBAL ECONOMY LS2 109. THE IMAGE OF THE ENEMY IN POLITICS GERMAN FILM, 1919-45 GO 201. PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL Comparative and Contextual Analysis LS2 124. ATHENIAN DEMOCRACY: TRADITION POLITICS AND SOCIAL CHANGE FROM GO 301. CONTEMPORARY INTERNATIONAL AN 101. INTRODUCTION TO CULTURAL 560 TO 399 B.C. POLITICS ANTHROPOLOGY LS2 132. AFRICAN ARTS FROM THE OLD GO 309. LATIN AMERICA AND THE UNITED AN 227. ETHNOLOGY OF SUB-SAHARAN WORLD TO THE NEW STATES AFRICA LS2 147. ART AND POLITICS IN WEIMAR GO 318. COMPARATIVE FOREIGN POLICY AN 251. THEMES IN ANTHROPOLOGY GERMANY, 1918-1933 GO 320. CASES IN TWENTIETH CENTURY “Ireland” LS2 153. POLITICS OF NON-WESTERN SUPERPOWER RELATIONS AN 325. APPLIED ANTHROPOLOGY LITERATURE GO 338. INTERNATIONAL DIPLOMATIC BU 314. ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN AND LS2 164. FACTUAL AND FICTIONAL: HISTORY NEGOTIATIONS STRUCTURE AND THE NOVEL IN CHINA GO 366. INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL BU 347. COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT LS2 165. MODERN CHINA AND JAPAN IN POLITICS EC 245. COMPARATIVE ECONOMIC SYSTEMS NARRATIVE AND FILM HI 104. EARLY MODERN EUROPEAN FF 223. INTRODUCTION TO ISSUES IN THE LS2 166. HUMAN INTERACTION WITH THE HISTORY FRANCOPHONE WORLD LAND: ATTITUDES AND IMPACTS HI 105. EUROPE 1815 TO THE PRESENT: FF 321, 322 FRENCH CIVILIZATION LS2 169. AUSCHWITZ: IMAGE AND REALITY NATIONS AND PEOPLES FG 358. THE CONTEMPORARY GERMAN- LS2 171. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION: THE HI 106. TWENTIETH CENTURY: AGE OF SPEAKING WORLD FIRST REVOLUTION CONFLICT FG 359. GERMANY FROM THE MIDDLE AGES LS II 005. LATIN AMERICA: STABILITY AND HI 201. GREEK HISTORY TO THE REFORMATION AND THE CHANGE HI 202. ROMAN HISTORY THIRTY YEARS’ WAR LS II 020. TRADITION AND CHANGE: EUROPE'S HI 215. A. TOPICS IN HISTORY: “Transatlantic FL 250. AN OUTLINE OF GERMAN JEWS FROM 1789-1945 Communication” CIVILIZATION LS II 042. IMAGES OF CONTEMPORARY HI 216. C. TOPICS IN HISTORY: NON-WESTERN FL 253, 254. ITALIAN CIVILIZATION IN ITALIAN WOMEN “Introduction to Islamic History” TRANSLATION LS II 045. THE FORGOTTEN HALF: LATIN HI 223. AMERICA AND THE WORLD: A FL 255. ITALY TODAY AMERICAN WOMEN BEFORE AND HISTORY OF U.S. FOREIGN POLICY FL 258, 259. CHINESE CIVILIZATION AFTER SPANISH COLONIZATION HI 304. RENAISSANCE DIPLOMACY AND THE FL 266. IMAGES OF REVOLUTION AND LS III 059. HIROSHIMA: IMAGE AND REALITY FORMATION OF THE EARLY MODERN SOCIAL UPHEAVAL: FRANCE 1789- SO 316. WOMEN IN MODERN SOCIETY STATE 1939 HI 306. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND FL 267. MODERN JAPANESE CULTURE AND NAPOLEON, 1789-1815 SOCIETY HI 307. EUROPE IN THE NINETEENTH FL 268. ITALY TODAY: ON THE CUSP OF THE CENTURY, 1815-1914 YEAR 2000 HI 308. EUROPE IN THE TWENTIETH FS 331, 332. THE CULTURE OF LATIN AMERICA CENTURY GO 203. COMPARATIVE POLITICS OF HI 355. STUDIES IN LEADERSHIP WESTERN EUROPE HI 361. A. TOPICS IN AMERICAN HISTORY GO 209. INTRODUCTION TO LATIN AMERICAN “World War II and the Origins of the POLITICS Cold War” GO 227. RUSSIA: CENTURY OF CHANGE HI 362. C. TOPICS IN HISTORY: NON-WESTERN GO 237. THE POLITICS OF DEVELOPMENT “Islamic Movements” GO 239. NATIONALISM AND POLITICS IN THE LS2 103. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND MIDDLE EAST NATIONAL SECURITY GO 240. POLITICAL MODERNIZATION: THE LS2 119. SOUTH AFRICA AND RACE CASE OF INDIA LS II 022. FRENCH COLONIALISM IN AFRICA: GO 327. POLITICS IN RUSSIA AND SOVIET 1830-1985 SUCCESSOR STATES GO 328. NATIONALISM, COMMUNISM, AND International Political Economy and Business: DEMOCRACY: POLITICS IN EAST EUROPE BU 205. FOUNDATIONS OF BUSINESS IN THE GO 344. COMPARATIVE POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENT CULTURE: INDIA AND JAPAN BU 335. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW GO 355. AFRICAN POLITICS BU 344. INTERNATIONAL MARKETING GO 365. TOPICS IN COMPARATIVE POLITICS BU 345. INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL “Establishing Democracies” MANAGEMENT AND BANKING HI 210. CREATING A NATION—MEDIEVAL BU 351. GLOBAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ENGLAND: KINGS, LORDS, AND BU 364. MANUFACTURING STRATEGY AND PEOPLES INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS HI 211. STATE AND PEOPLE: ENGLISH EC 234. INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC THEORY REVOLUTIONS, 1485-1832 EC 315. OPEN ECONOMY MACROECONOMICS HI 216. C. TOPICS IN HISTORY: NON WESTERN EC 316. ECONOMICS OF DEVELOPMENT “Medieval Islam: Fifteenth and EC 317. ECONOMIES OF EAST ASIA Sixteenth Century” EC 334. INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL HI 216. C. TOPICS IN HISTORY: NON WESTERN ECONOMY “Middle East Through Literature” EC 361. ADVANCED TOPICS IN ECONOMICS HI 242. INTRODUCTION TO MODERN CHINA “Economics of Religious HI 247. THE RISE OF JAPAN Fundamentalism” HI 306. THE FRENCH REVOLUTION AND GO 219. POLITICAL ECONOMY OF EUROPEAN NAPOLEON, 1789-1815 INTEGRATION HI 312. MODERN ENGLAND, WHIGS AND 121 TORIES Law and Society Curriculum Law and Society Mathematics The following courses may be used to satisfy the requirements of the minor: Director of the Law and Society Program: Chair of the Department of Mathematics and Sandy Baum, Ph.D. AM260. THEMES IN AMERICAN CULTURE: CIVIL Computer Science: R. Daniel Hurwitz, Ph.D. RIGHTS IN TWENTIETH CENTURY U.S. Faculty: BU333. BUSINESS LAW I Mathematics and Computer Science Faculty: American Studies: Joanna Schneider BU334. BUSINESS LAW II Professors: Robert DeSieno, Ph.D.; R. Daniel Zangrando BU335. INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS LAW Hurwitz, Ph.D.; Mark E. Huibregtse, Ph.D. Business: Christine Kopec EC320. LAW AND ECONOMICS GO211. COURTS, POLITICS, AND JUDICIAL Associate Professors: Richard Speers, Ph.D.; Economics: Sandy Baum PROCESS IN THE UNITED STATES Pierre von Kaenel, Ph.D.; Mark Hofmann, Government: William Breslin, Pat Ferraioli, GO212. INTRODUCTION TO THE BILL OF RIGHTS Ph.D.; Una Bray, Ph.D.; Alice M. Dean, Ph.D.; Ronald Seyb, Aldo Vacs GO311. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW Gove W. Effinger, Ph.D.; David C. Vella, Ph.D. History: Patricia-Ann Lee GO312. CONTEMPORARY CONSTITUTIONAL Philosophy and Religion: Eric Weller, Mary PROBLEMS Lecturer: *Frank Clark, M.S. Ann Foley GO352. WOMEN AND THE LAW Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work: GO362. POLITICS OF THE CONGRESS THE MATHEMATICS MAJOR: Students Jacqueline Azzarto, David Karp HI210. CREATING A NATION — MEDIEVAL majoring in mathematics fulfill the departmen- ENGLAND: KINGS, LORDS, AND tal requirements by completing eight courses The law and society minor involves students in PEOPLES in mathematics or computer science at the 200 the interdisciplinary study of law and justice, HI311. AGE OF THE STUARTS level or above, to include MA200, 202, 215, focusing on the interaction of law and legal LS2111. POOR LAW TO WELFARE STATE 303, 319, 376, and two additional courses, at institutions with social, economic, and political PH314. PHILOSOPHY OF LAW least one of which is at the 300 level. Under systems. Students in the program examine the SO314. DEVIANCE exceptional circumstances, and only with the SO317. CRIMINOLOGY historical and philosophical foundations of law consent of the department, MA371, 372, 381, SW218. PRISONS IN AMERICA or 382 may be counted as the additional 300- and the social forces influencing the making, SW338. SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE level course. CS318 may not be counted interpretation, and enforcement of laws. The LW200. LAW AND SOCIETY law and society minor is designed to help LW251. SPECIAL TOPICS IN LAW AND SOCIETY toward the major. Courses counting toward students gain an understanding of the role of LW351. ADVANCED SPECIAL TOPICS IN LAW the major may not be taken satisfactory/ law in society, approach questions from an AND SOCIETY unsatisfactory. interdisciplinary perspective, and think critically LW371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY IN LAW AND about issues of social justice. SOCIETY HONORS: Students wishing to qualify for LW399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN LAW departmental honors in the mathematics major THE LAW AND SOCIETY MINOR: The minor AND SOCIETY must: 1) complete all departmental require- consists of a minimum of eighteen semester ments for the mathematics major and have a hours including: LW 200. LAW AND SOCIETY 3 grade-point average of 3.5 or higher for all An introduction to law as a cultural system and social course work (MA, MC, and CS) taken in the 1. LW 200. Law and Society. institution. The course addresses the nature of legal department; 2) have a grade-point average of reasoning, the historical development of and cultural 3.0 for all course work taken at Skidmore; 2. Twelve additional credit hours from the variations in legal processes and institutions, the 3) file with the department, by the end of the connections between law and other social institutions, courses listed below as part of the Law and official add-drop period of the spring semester Society Program. These courses must come and the use of law in keeping order and promoting change. Required for law and society minors. of the senior year, a declaration of intention to from at least three different disciplines and at qualify for honors; and 4) submit an honors least two of the courses must be at the 300 LW 251. SPECIAL TOPICS IN LAW AND thesis or project to be read by a review com- level. No more than one course in the minor mittee, and give an oral presentation of the may also count toward the student's major. SOCIETY 3 An examination at the intermediate level of special thesis or project to the department. 3. A capstone experience, usually taken in the topics, methods, and areas in law and society. student’s senior year, which may be either an Specific topics vary by instructor, discipline, program, The review committee will evaluate the thesis independent study or an internship: and semester. or project to determine if it is of the exceptional quality which merits honors; the committee’s The independent study may be either in LW 351. ADVANCED SPECIAL TOPICS IN recommendation will be submitted to the Law and Society (LW371 or LW372), or LAW AND SOCIETY 3 department for final adjudication. within a specific department participating in An examination at the advanced level of special the law and society minor. Designed by the topics, methods, and areas of law and society. INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: The student in consultation with a faculty advi- department offers an economics-mathematics sor participating in the program, the inde- LW 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY IN major in cooperation with the Department of pendent study will consist of intensive LAW AND SOCIETY 3 Economics and a business-mathematics research from an interdisciplinary perspec- Advanced level reading and research in law and major in cooperation with the Department of tive on an aspect of law and society. society under the guidance of a faculty member. Prerequisite: LW 200 and two additional courses from Business. See Interdepartmental Majors, An internship may be substituted for the the law and society curriculum. Requires approval of page 142. independent study as a capstone experi- law and society director. ence. The internship must involve a sub- THE MATHEMATICS MINOR: Students minor- stantive work experience as well as a LW 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN ing in mathematics fulfill the departmental significant academic component. LAW AND SOCIETY 3 or 6 requirements by completing MA113 and 200 or Students must obtain prior permission from Professional experience at an advanced level in law the equivalent; MA215; MA303 or 319; and the director of the program for either an and society. With faculty sponsorship and approval of two more courses in mathematics at the 200 the program director, students may extend their law- independent study or an internship to count level or above. CS306 may be substituted as related liberal arts experience into work in professional one of the elective courses. toward the minor. settings such as law firms, the criminal justice system, and relevant social service and governmental agencies. No more than three semester hours of LW 399 may be used to satisfy the minor requirements. Prerequisite: LW200 and two additional courses from the law and 122 society curriculum. Non-liberal arts PI MU EPSILON, New York Alpha Theta MA 102. MATHEMATICS IN CONTEXT 3 MA 111. CALCULUS I 4 Chapter: Incorporated in 1914, Pi Mu Epsilon A set of courses exploring interesting questions from Derivatives, integrals and their applications. Tech- is a national honorary society whose purpose a variety of disciplines with the aid of mathematics; niques of differentiation. Integration and differentia- is the promotion of scholarly activity in math- primarily intended for students seeking to fulfill the tion of exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric ematics. Undergraduate students are qualified College’s requirement in Quantitative Reasoning functions. Prerequisite: high school preparation for membership if they meet one of the follow- (QR2). Courses including the following are offered including trigonometry or consent of department. ing criteria: 1) upperclassmen who have periodically depending on faculty availability. A (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) The Department student may take more than one of these courses for completed at least two years of college math- credit (further options are under development). MA 111W. CALCULUS I 4 ematics, including calculus, with at least a B Derivatives, integrals and their applications. Tech- A. Statistical Controversies. It is often said that average and who are in the top third of their niques of differentiation. Integration and differentia- one can prove anything using statistics. Indeed, the class in general college work; 2) sophomores, tion of exponential, logarithmic and trigonometric reading of any newspaper or news magazine pre- majoring in or intending to major in mathemat- functions. Prerequisite: high school preparation sents one with bold statements about important ics, who have completed at least three semes- including trigonometry or consent of department. topics (economic, political, and health issues, etc.) ters of college mathematics, including one (Fulfills QR2 requirement; also fulfills expository based on statistical studies, together with strong writing requirement.) The Department year of calculus, with a straight A record and opposition to those statements – in a phrase, statisti- who are in the top quarter of their class in cal controversies. This course aims to study many MA 113. CALCULUS II 4 general college work. such controversies to try to understand how they Inverse trigonometric functions and hyperbolic arise, what statistics lie behind them, and how at functions. Systematic study of integration. Series Note regarding mathematics and science least some of them might be avoided by proceeding and Taylor series. Polar coordinates. Indeterminate majors: Most frequently, prospective math- with greater care. Intended for students with little or forms, L’Hôpital’s rule and improper integrals. Pre- ematics or science majors elect MA111 in the no experience with statistics. requisite: MA 111 or consent of department. (Fulfills fall semester and 113 in the spring semester of B. Modeling Epidemics. This course uses QR 2 requirement.) The Department their first year. Prospective mathematics or several mathematical techniques for modeling science majors with weak preparation in math- epidemics, including differential equations and MA 113W. CALCULUS II 4 ematics may choose to take MA105 in the fall statistical methods. (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) Inverse trigonometric functions and hyperbolic semester followed by 111 in the spring. First- functions. Systematic study of integration. Series C. Serious Games: Conflict, Voting and Power. year students with advanced placement who and Taylor series. Polar coordinates. Indeterminate Mathematics is often applied to situations where the take MA113 in the fall should register for 200 forms, L’Hôpital’s rule and improper integrals. Pre- players (which can be individuals, teams, corpora- requisite: MA 111 or consent of department. (Fulfills at the same time if they plan to continue into tions, or entire nations) have conflicting interests. QR2 requirement; also fulfills expository writing 202 in the spring. Players attempt to determine the best course of requirement.) The Department action without knowing what their opponent(s) will do. Students interested in learning how to use In this course, students study game theory, a field of MC 115. INTRODUCTION TO DISCRETE computers to solve problems in the quantita- mathematics that was developed to analyze conflict MATHEMATICS 3 tive disciplines should consider the courses: and competition. Game theory can be applied in a An introduction to the study of discrete (as opposed CS103, 105, 106, and MS104. wide variety of situations, such as choosing a location to continuous) mathematical systems. These include to open a business or understanding tactical choices systems that are essential in computer science as made in the Cuban missile crisis and the Yom Kippur well as in more advanced mathematics courses. MA 100. QUANTITATIVE REASONING 3 war. In addition to game theory, students explore Mathematical reasoning and algorithms are funda- Study of practical arithmetic and geometry, data other social and political issues susceptible to math- mental themes of the course. Topics include logic gathering and analysis, introductory probability and ematical analysis, such as the assessment of the and sets, complexity of algorithms, computer arith- statistics, size and bias in sampling, hypothesis fairness of various voting schemes or the measure- metic, arrays, mathematical proofs and induction, testing, confidence intervals and their use in statisti- ment of political power. elementary combinatorics, and discrete probability, cal analysis, linear relationships, interpolation and graphs, and trees. Prerequisite: high school prepara- extrapolation, correlation, linear and exponential MS 104. INTRODUCTION TO STATISTICS 4 tion including intermediate algebra or consent of growth with practical applications. The course is An introduction to fundamental concepts in statistical department. (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) primarily intended to fulfill the first part of the quanti- reasoning. Students will consider contexts, both The Department tative reasoning requirement (QR1). Prerequisite: historical and modern, in which statistical approaches placement by department or permission of instructor. arose and methodologies developed. Topics consid- MA 125,126. PROBLEM SOLVING The Department ered will include organization and analysis of data, IN MATHEMATICS 1, 1 the drawing of inferences from these data, and the Introductory level. Students will work collaboratively careful presentation of these inferences. Examples on problems posed in various undergraduate math- NOTE: Courses numbered MS104, MC115, 302, will be drawn from a variety of disciplines. (Fulfills ematics journals and other sources. Solutions to 316, and MA101 through MA382 have as a prereq- QR2 requirement.) The Department journal problems will be submitted to the journal uisite QR1 or permission of the department. editors for acknowledgment and possible publication. MA 105. PRE-CALCULUS MATHEMATICS 4 Problems are taken from all areas of specialty within MA 101. ELEMENTARY MATHEMATICAL Study of the real number system, elementary func- mathematics. During fall semesters, students will MODELING 3 tions and their graphs, and coordinate geometry. have an opportunity to compete in the annual William An introduction to mathematical topics applicable in Primarily for students who intend to take calculus but Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition. Prerequi- business, behavioral and social sciences. Finite sets who have not had sufficient preparation. (Fulfills QR2 site: QR1. Offered S/U only. The Department and counting principles, systems of linear equations, requirement.) The Department matrices, linear programming, probability and statis- MA 200. LINEAR ALGEBRA 4 tics. Offered fall semester. (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) MA 107. CONCEPTS OF MATHEMATICS 3 Vector spaces, matrices and linear transformations, The Department An introductory course for liberal arts and education determinants, solution of linear equations. Prerequi- majors or anyone seeking a general, nontechnical site: high school preparation including trigonometry or overview of mathematics. Topics covered include consent of department. Offered fall semester. (Fulfills set theory, review of number systems, geometry QR2 requirement.) The Department concepts, basic concerns of probability and statistics, and introductory number theory. (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) The Department

123 GM 201. GLOBAL SECURITY IN AN AGE OF MC 302. GRAPH THEORY 3 MA 324. COMPLEX ANALYSIS 3 INVENTION 3 An introduction to the theory and applications of Analytic functions, complex integration, complex The evolution of two twentieth-century technological graphs. Topics may include graphs and digraphs, sequences and series, and conformal mapping. achievements, nuclear weapons and digital comput- connectivity, trees, Euler and Hamiltonian cycles, and Prerequisite: MA303 or consent of department. ing. This course explores the roles of scientists and graph embeddings. Prerequisite: MC115 or MA200 or Spring 2001 and alternate years. The Department the institutions that foster these achievements, and permission of instructor. Fall 2000 and alternate examines the cooperation of scientists and policy years. The Department MA 325, 326. PROBLEM SOLVING makers who convert these technologies into instru- IN MATHEMATICS 1,1 ments of international politics and global competition. MA 303. ADVANCED CALCULUS 4 Advanced level. Students will work collaboratively on The course is intended to help students understand Rigorous treatment of foundational issues in analysis. problems posed in various undergraduate mathemat- the relationships between technological developments Topics may include set theory, the real number ics journals and other sources. Solutions to journal and selection of policies that shape international system, sequences, series, limits and continuity, problems will be submitted to the journal editors for affairs. Prerequisites: GO103, QR1, and one course in theory of differentiation and integration, and elemen- acknowledgment and possible publication. Problems computer science or laboratory science. R. DeSieno tary notions of topology. Prerequisite: MA113 and are taken from all areas of specialty within mathemat- 215 or consent of the department. Offered fall ics. During fall semesters, students will have an MA 202. CALCULUS III 4 semester. The Department opportunity to compete in the annual William Lowell Multivariable calculus. Prerequisite: MA111, 113, and Putnam Mathematical Competition. Prerequisite: 200 or consent of department. Offered spring MC 306. THEORY OF COMPUTATION 3 QR2. Offered S/U only. The Department semester. The Department A study of the major theoretical models of computa- tion. Topics include automata, nondeterminism, MA 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 MA 204. PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS 3 regular and context-free languages, Turing machines, Special study in mathematics outside the regular Elementary probability, discrete and continuous unsolvability, computational complexity, and NP- department offerings. Prerequisite: consent of depart- random variables, theory of expectation, analysis of completeness. Prerequisite: MC115 and CS106, or ment. The Department distribution functions. Prerequisite: MA111 or consent permission of instructor. The Department of department. Spring 2001 and alternate years. MA 376. SEMINAR 3 (Fulfills QR2 requirement.) The Department MA 309. ELEMENTS OF MODERN GEOMETRY 4 Research, discussion, and presentation of selected Study of various topics in modern geometry, with topics at an advanced level, to provide a capstone MA 214. THEORY OF NUMBERS 3 emphasis on the axiomatic method. Fall 2000 and experience for the mathematics major; primarily Topics in classical and modern number theory alternate years. Prerequisite: MA113 and 215 or intended for seniors. Prerequisites: MA303 and 319 including congruencies, Diophantine equations, consent of instructor. The Department or consent of the department. This course may be quadratic residues. Prerequisite: MA111 or 200 or repeated for credit with permission of the department. consent of department. Spring 2000 and alternate MA 310. HISTORY OF MATHEMATICS 3 The Department years. (Fulfills QR2 requirement) The Department Study of the development of mathematical ideas. Prerequisite: MA113 and 215 or permission of the MA 381, 382. SENIOR THESIS 3, 3 MA 215. BRIDGE TO ADVANCED instructor. Offered on sufficient demand. Optional for mathematics majors. Recommended for MATHEMATICS 3 The Department those working toward professional careers or gradu- An introduction to mathematical proof and to con- ate study in mathematics, and required for those cepts of abstract mathematics, including elementary MA 311. DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY 3 seeking to satisfy the criteria for departmental logic, methods of proof, set theory, functions, and An introduction to differential geometry in a classical honors. The Department relations. Prerequisite: one mathematics course setting: the study of n-surfaces, embedded in Euclid- numbered 111 or above, or permission of the depart- ean space. Offered on sufficient demand. Prerequi- MA 399. INTERNSHIP IN MATHEMATICS 3 or 6 ment. Offered spring semester. The Department site: MA200, 202, 215, or consent of the department. Professional experience at an advanced level for MA270 recommended. The Department juniors and seniors with substantial academic MA 225,226. PROBLEM SOLVING experience in mathematics. With faculty sponsorship IN MATHEMATICS 1,1 MA 313. INTRODUCTION TO TOPOLOGY 3 and departmental approval, students may extend Intermediate level. Students will work collaboratively Selected topics in topology such as metric spaces, their educational experience in pure or applied on problems posed in various undergraduate math- point set topology of Euclidean spaces, introduction mathematics. This course may not be used to satisfy ematics journals and other sources. Solutions to to algebraic topology. Prerequisite: MA113 and 215 the requirements of any major or minor in the journal problems will be submitted to the journal or consent of the department. Spring 2001 and department. Prerequisites: MA200, two additional editors for acknowledgment and possible publication. alternate years. The Department courses in mathematics numbered 115 or higher, and Problems are taken from all areas of specialty within permission of the department. Non-liberal arts. mathematics. During fall semesters, students will MC 316. NUMERICAL ALGORITHMS 3 have an opportunity to compete in the annual William An introduction to using computation to obtain ap- Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition. Prerequi- proximate solutions to mathematical problems. A site: QR2. Offered S/U only. The Department variety of algorithms are studied, as are the limita- tions of using computational methods. Topics include MA 270. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS 4 algorithms for solving equations, systems, and An introduction to the theory and applications of differential equations; approximating functions and differential equations. Prerequisite: MA113 and 200. integrals; curve fitting; round-off errors and conver- Offered spring semester. The Department gence of algorithms. Prerequisites: CS106 and MA111 or permission of instructor. Offered in 1999 MA 276. SELECTED TOPICS IN and alternate years. The Department MATHEMATICS 3 Topics that complement the established lower level MA 319. ALGEBRA I 4 course offerings in mathematics will be selected. Survey of algebraic structures; groups, rings, fields, Emphasis will be on the nature of mathematical vector spaces, and linear transformations. Prerequi- thought. May be repeated for credit. Offered on site: MA200 and 215 or consent of the department. sufficient demand. The Department Offered fall semester. The Department

MA 320. ALGEBRA II 3 Selected topics in advanced algebra. Prerequisite: MA319 or consent of department. Spring 2000 and alternate years. The Department

MA 323. REAL ANALYSIS 3 Selected topics in real analysis. Prerequisite: MA303 or consent of department. Spring 2002 and alternate 124 years. The Department During the spring semester of the junior year, MU 208. MUSIC AND CULTURE 3 Music each music major will meet with a committee An intercultural introduction to music as culture. of the department faculty. These interviews Topics include voice types, instrument categoriza- will consist of: (1) a comprehensive oral tions, pitch and time systems, musical structure, Chair of the Department of Music: Gordon R. review of all course work completed; (2) a transcription/notation, and ethnography.Prerequisite: Thompson, Ph.D. discussion of curricular options for the senior MU151 (or current enrollment in MU151) or permis- sion of instructor. (Fulfills the arts-B component of year, including recommended course work Professor: Charles M. Joseph, Ph.D., Kenan breadth requirement; meets expository writing re- and possible independent study, composition, Professor of Liberal Arts quirement for students who placed at EN105 level or recital or thesis projects. who have completed EN103.) G. Thompson Associate Professors: Thomas Denny, Ph.D.; Anthony Holland, D.M.A.; Gordon R. HONORS: Departmental honors for senior MU 220. BRITISH ROCK AND POPULAR Thompson, Ph.D.; Deborah Rohr, Ph.D. music majors are recommended on the MUSIC IN THE 1960S 3 Artists-in-Residence: Pola Baytelman, D.M.A.; basis of a distinguished academic career An introduction to the musicians and musical styles of Joel Brown, M.M.; Richard Hihn, D.M.A.; Anne documented by department GPA (3.5 or British rock and roll and pop music in the 1960s. Turner, M.M.; John Nazarenko, M.S.; Jan higher for all work in MP courses; 3.5 or Subjects will include the antecedents of British rock, the social contexts in which it flourished, and the Vinci, D.M.A. higher for all work in MU courses), faculty recommendation, and a high level of accom- evolution of the musical styles and forms in this Lecturers: *Yacub Addy; *Ann Alton, D.M.A.; plishment on a department approved senior milieu. (Fulfills the arts-B component of the breadth *Christopher Brubeck; *Veena Chandra, M.M.; project (recital, thesis, composition, or music- requirement.) G. Thompson *Nancy Jo Davidsen, B.A.; *Michael Emery, technology project). M.M.; *Mark Foster, B.M.; *Gene Marie Green, MU 304. AMERICAN MUSIC 3 B.M.; *Elizabeth Huntley. M.M.; *Eric Latini, A survey of American music from its beginnings to its THE MUSIC MINOR: Students are required to contemporary developments; includes study of the B.M.; *Patrice Malatestinic, M.M.; *Susan complete the following: (1) MU151, 152; (2) Martula. M.M.; *David Rives, D.M.A.; *Rich influence of folk music, jazz, and rock upon the main- MU208; (3) two additional MU offerings from stream of American musical life. (Fulfills the arts-B Syracuse, B.A.; *Benjamin Van Wye, D.M.A.; the following: MU100, 103, 106, 220, 255, component of the breadth requirement.) C. Joseph *Mark Vinci 304, 306, 309, 312, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, Accompanists: * Judith Avitabile, M.M.; 320, 344, 345, and all LS II and LS III courses MU 306. HISTORY OF JAZZ IN AMERICA 3 *Patricia Hadfield, B.M.; *Renée Hostetler, M.M. taught by Music Deparment faculty; (4) six A study of the evolution of jazz in America from its semester hours of private musical instruction roots in various types of black folk music to its even- The Department of Music offers courses in in one area of performance (MP281, 281H, tual emergence as an eclectic, contemporary art four areas of musical study: music technology, 282, 282H, 283, 283H); (5) three semester form. Special emphasis will be placed on the socio- logical implications of jazz as a genre of serious black musicology (ethnomusicology as well as music hours of ensemble selected from course offerings listed under Skidmore Ensembles. music. Some consideration may be given to gospel, history and literature), performance, and soul, and rock music, all of which are close relatives theory-composition. Courses are offered to of jazz. Prerequisite: MU101, equivalent knowledge PRIVATE INSTRUCTION IN MUSICAL meet the needs of music majors and minors, of music notation and theory, or permission of and of students whose concentration lies in PERFORMANCE: Private instruction in instructor. T. Denny another discipline. instrumental or vocal performance is available to all students on an audition/interview basis MU 307. MUSIC AND SOCIETY 3 THE MUSIC MAJOR: Students majoring in and as studio space permits. The fee for An introduction to interdisciplinary approaches to the music receive the degree of bachelor of arts in private instruction is $440 per semester for study of music including the sociology, anthropology, music. Students contemplating a major in forty-five-minute lessons, $585 per semester and psychology of music. These approaches will be music should consult as early as possible with for one-hour lessons. Students majoring in applied in selected areas such as education, religion, the department chair and with the instructor in music are exempt from these fees during their non-Western music, and popular music. (Fulfills arts- the musical area of greatest interest to formu- four required semesters of private instruction. B component of breadth requirement.) G. Thompson late a course of study. MU 309. MUSIC IN SOUTH ASIA 3 MUSICOLOGY An examination of the major musical phenomena of Students majoring in music are required to the Indian subcontinent and their historical and complete the following: (1) MU151, 152, 251, cultural background. Topics include Hindustani and MU 100. INTRODUCTION TO MUSIC 3 252, normally to be completed by the end of Karnatak classical musical styles, religious music, An introduction to concepts of musical style and the sophomore year; (2) MU208 and 255; (3) popular music, and selected regional genres. Prereq- structure in compositions representative of different any two MU surveys chosen from: MU304, uisite: MU 101 or permission of instructor. (Fulfills historical periods with an aim to deepen the musical 306, 307, 309, 312, 314, 315, 316, 317, 318, non-Western culture requirement.) G. Thompson listening experience. Examination of the relationship 320; (4) two Junior Seminars (MU344 and/or of music to the humanities. Primarily for nonmajors. MU 312. A HISTORY OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN 345); (5) MU363; (6) eight semester hours of (Fulfills the arts-B component of the breadth MUSIC 3 private musical instruction in one area of requirement.) The Department performance (MP281, 281H, 282, 282H, 283, An examination of the role, development, and perfor- mance of African-American music. Aspects of its 283H, 284, 284H); (7) four semester hours of MU 103. THE SYMPHONY 3 history and style are traced beginning with its African ensembles selected from course offerings Major symphonic works from Haydn, Mozart, and heritage and continuing from its newly found home in listed under Skidmore Ensembles. Beethoven to Brahms, Mahler, and composers of the the colonial era into the contemporary period. twentieth century. (Fulfills the arts-B component of The Department To enroll in MU151, students must pass a the breadth requirement.) The Department diagnostic exam administered during the MU 314. MUSIC IN THE MIDDLE AGES AND MU 106. GREAT COMPOSERS † 3 first week of the fall semester. The department RENAISSANCE 3 A course focused on the music of one or two great strongly urges majors to acquire keyboard Major compositional genres and stylistic trends in composers. Recent offerings have included Mozart, skills as early as possible in their musical Western music from its beginnings through the Bach, Debussy and Ravel, and Schubert. (Fulfills the studies. Before enrolling in MU251, students sixteenth century. Prerequisite: MU152 or consent of arts-B component of the breadth requirement.) must demonstrate keyboard proficiency by instructor. D. Rohr, T. Denny T. Denny passing a departmental exam or by success- MU 205. SPECIAL STUDIES IN MUSIC 3 fully completing MP197. Students lacking the LITERATURE † The Department required proficiency must enroll in MP197 † This course may be repeated for credit at the concurrently with MU251. discretion of the department. 125 MU 315. MUSIC IN THE BAROQUE AND PRE- MU 107. AURAL SKILLS † 1 MU 356. TONAL COUNTERPOINT 3 CLASSICAL ERAS 3 Development of ear training skills by means of Study of the contrapuntal style of J. S. Bach and his A survey of major compositional genres and stylistic exercises in singing (prepared and at sight) and aural contemporaries. Analysis and writing of inventions, trends in Western music from about 1600 to 1750. analysis (including dictation). Will require extensive chorale preludes, and fugues. Prerequisite: MU252 or Prerequisite: MU152 or consent of instructor. practice outside of class and performance in class. consent of instructor. C. Joseph C. Joseph Prerequisite: MU101; or completion or current enrollment in MU151; or permission of the instructor. MU 357, 358. COMPOSITION 3, 3 MU 316. MUSIC IN THE CLASSICAL AND Non-liberal arts. A. Turner Writing in smaller forms for various media. Prerequi- ROMANTIC ERAS 3 site: MU252 or consent of instructor. A. Holland A survey of the major compositional genres and MU 151, 152. MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES stylistic trends in Western music from 1750 to 1900. OF WESTERN MUSIC I 3, 3 MU 359, 360. ADVANCED COMPOSITION 3, 3 Prerequisite: MU152 or consent of instructor. An exploration of fundamental compositional tech- Continuation of MU357, 358 including writing in larger T. Denny niques of Western European music literature from the forms. Prerequisite: MU357, 358 or consent of Middle Ages through the Baroque, viewed within a instructor. A. Holland MU 317. MUSIC IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY3 historical context. Analytical and compositional Beginning with the major composers of the turn of the projects utilizing the compositional techniques of MU 361. TOPICS IN RECORDING century, such as Debussy, Mahler, and Ives, the each stylistic period. Correlative studies in sight- ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER course examines the important trends before 1950: singing and ear training. (Fulfills arts-B component of MUSIC TECHNOLOGY † 3 impressionism, neoclassicism, and twelve-tone breadth requirement.) D. Rohr, C. Joseph The study and practical application of advanced technique; also more recent developments in elec- music technology topics chosen at the discretion of tronic, serial and “theater” music. Prerequisite: MU 251, 252. MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES the instructor. Topics may include advanced MIDI MU152 or consent of instructor. C. Joseph OF WESTERN MUSIC II 3, 3 applications; recording engineering, production, and An exploration of compositional techniques of marketing; digital synthesis, recording, and editing; MU 318. MUSIC IN SUBSAHARAN AFRICA 3 Western European music literature from 1750 to the intelligent synchronization; programming languages A survey of traditional music in SubSaharan Africa present, viewed within an historical context. Empha- for synthesis and studies in psychoacoustics. Course with emphasis on performance practice and the role sis placed upon structural analysis of selected may be repeated for credit with the permission of the of music within the society. Topics to be covered representative works from the Classic, Romantic, and department. Prerequisites: MU255, 353. Studio fee: include the study of families of instruments, rhythm Contemporary literature. Analytical and compositional $35.Non-liberal arts. A. Holland and groups, such as the women singers of the projects designed to further the understanding of the Sudan. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) stylistic techniques of each period. Advanced studies The Department in sightsinging and ear training. Prerequisite: Key- SEMINARS AND INDEPENDENT PROJECTS board proficiency or concurrent enrollment in MU 319. TOPICS IN MUSICOLOGY † 3 MP197. C. Joseph, D. Rohr MU 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN Selected topics and issues in musicology, to be MUSIC † 3 announced when offered. Prerequisite: Consent of MU 255. MUSIC TECHNOLOGY I: Internship opportunity for students whose curricular instructor. The Department INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRONIC foundations and cocurricular experience have MUSIC, COMPOSITION, AND prepared them for professional work related to the MU 320. POPULAR MUSIC IN THE AGE OF RECORDING STUDIO TECHNIQUES 3 major field. With faculty sponsorship and department ROCK AND ROLL 3 Introduction to basic music technology, electronic approval, students may extend their educational A selective survey and analysis of the musical forms, music, and professional recording studio techniques experience into such areas as arts administration, styles, and figures associated with rock and roll in the and equipment. Study of elementary acoustics, MIDI, recording, and archival work. Prerequisite: Permis- 1950s and 1960s. Included is a discussion of the synthesizers, microphones, analog and digital multi- sion of the supervising faculty member and approval musical antetypes of rock and the impact and import track recording, sound mixing, and processing. by the department. Non-liberal arts. of sociocultural and technological change on the Introduction to works in various styles by established popular music of this era. Class involves extensive electronic composers. Weekly studio/lab work. MU 344, 345. JUNIOR SEMINAR † 3, 3 listening assignments, musical analyses, and essays. Prerequisites: ability to read music and QR1. (Fulfills Specialized studies in topics to be announced each Prerequisite: MU101, equivalent knowledge of music QR2 requirement.) Studio fee: $35. A. Holland semester. Primarily for juniors and qualified sopho- notation and theory, or permission of instructor. mores. Prerequisite: MU152 or permission of instruc- G. Thompson MU 353. MUSIC TECHNOLOGY II: ADVANCED tor. (The topic “Music of North India” fulfills ELECTRONIC MUSIC, COMPOSITION, non-Western culture requirement.) The Department MU 321. MUSIC IN EAST ASIA 3 AND RECORDING STUDIO An introduction to the traditional dramatic, court, TECHNIQUES 3 MU 363. SENIOR SEMINAR 3 religious, and chamber musics of China, Korea, and Development of original compositions using Offered in the fall semester. Advanced group study Japan with reference to the historical and cultural advanced studio techniques. Areas of study include of a topic to be identified by the department in the contexts of performance and the development of their advanced MIDI projects, computer algorithms for preceding spring semester. Intensive work on indi- interrelated theory systems. Prerequisite: MU101 or composition and sound synthesis, synthesizer vidual research, which may serve as the foundation permission of instructor. (Fulfills non-Western culture programming, audio (SMPTE) and video (VITC) time for a Senior Project or Thesis. Preliminary discussion requirement.) G. Thompson code synchronization, digital sampling, digital multi- of the self-determined research area will begin in the track recording, automated digital mixing, digital preceding spring semester. mastering for compact disk, and audio for video. THEORY-COMPOSITION Study of works in various styles by established MU 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY † 3, 3 electronic composers. Weekly studio/lab work. An opportunity for qualified students to pursue MU 101. RUDIMENTS OF MUSIC 3 Prerequisite: MU255 or permission of instructor. independent study, under the supervision of a mem- An introduction to musical notation, sightsinging and Studio fee: $35. A. Holland ber of the department, in any field of music. Prereq- ear training, and rudimentary concepts of music uisite: Consent of the instructor and approval of the theory. Mastery of this material is a prerequisite to MU 354. ANALYSIS OF TONAL MUSIC 3 department. The Department further study in music theory (MU151), some areas of Development of analytical techniques relevant to performance, and other courses. Open to students music of the tonal era. Prerequisite: MU252 or MU 373. SENIOR THESIS 3 with no prior musical experience. (Fulfills arts-B consent of instructor. C. Joseph Independent study and research culminating in an component of breadth requirement.) Non-liberal arts. extensive paper and an oral symposium presentation. The Department MU 355. ORCHESTRATION 3 Thesis proposal must be submitted for departmental Study of the capabilities of orchestral instruments and approval by November 15 of the senior year. Prereq- ways they may be combined. Detailed examination of uisite: MU363. The Department scores. Orchestration projects. Prerequisite: MU252 † This course may be repeated for credit at the or consent of instructor. A. Holland discretion of the department.

126 MU 374. SENIOR COMPOSITION PROJECT 3 MP 193. CLASS STUDY OF GUITAR 2 SKIDMORE ENSEMBLES Independent creative project culminating in one or For those with little or no guitar experience, this The following courses may be applied toward fulfill- more compositions and an oral symposium presenta- course is designed to prepare the student for private ment of the visual and performing arts requirement for tion (with performance, if possible). Project proposal lessons. The course covers all aspects of guitar Class of 2000. must be submitted for departmental approval by technique including scales, arpeggios, chords, and November 15 of the senior year. Prerequisite: right hand styles. Musicianship skills including note MP 271, 272. STUDIO PIANO ACCOMPANYING † 1, 1 MU363. Non-liberal arts. The Department and rhythm reading will be stressed. Each student Piano accompaniment of vocal and instrumental repertory; must provide her or his own acoustic guitar. (Fulfills sight reading; discussion of style and performance prac- MP 375. SENIOR RECITAL 3 arts-A component of breadth requirement.) Non- tices; experience in public performance. Open by audition. Independent study and musical preparation culminat- liberal arts. J. Brown Non-liberal arts. R. Hihn ing in a public recital, a written discussion of the repertoire performed, and an oral symposium presen- MP 195. CLASS STUDY OF JAZZ PIANO 2 MP 273. OPERA/MUSICAL THEATER tation regarding some aspect of the recital. Includes Study of jazz piano voicings, scales, and modes for WORKSHOP † 1 weekly one-hour lessons. Approval for presenting improvisation. Left-hand chording patterns, harmonic A course/performing ensemble designed to equip singers senior recitals is determined by audition, normally structures, and accompanying scales will be empha- with acting and movement skills for the stage. Classes and held in the semester preceding the recital before the sized. Other areas of study will include diatonic and rehearsals will culminate in public performance of scenes department faculty. Students may not enroll concur- chromatic voice leading, phrasing and solo develop- or complete works from the opera/musical theater reper- rently for MP Private Instruction. Prerequisite: ment, functional harmony, bass lines, and solo jazz toire. Open by audition and interview only. (Fulfill arts-A MU363, may be taken concurrently Lesson fee: piano technique. Class will read selected jazz charts component of breadth requirement.) Non-liberal arts. $585.Non-liberal arts. and listen to and analyze contemporary and historical A. Turner jazz pianists. (Fulfills arts-A component of breadth MU 376. SENIOR PROJECT IN MUSIC requirement.) Non-liberal arts. J. Nazarenko MP 275, 276. SMALL JAZZ ENSEMBLE † 1,1 TECHNOLOGY 3 Jazz improvisation and performance in a small combo Independent project culminating in a substantial MP 197. KEYBOARD SKILLS 1 setting. Open by audition. (MP275 fulfills arts-A component product in an appropriate medium and format, and an Application of fundamental theoretical concepts at the of breadth requirement.) Non-liberal arts. J. Nazarenko oral symposium presentation. Project proposal must keyboard. Functional skills to include control of be submitted to the chair for departmental approval simple diatonic and chromatic chordal harmony, MP 277, 278. VOCAL CHAMBER ENSEMBLE † 1,1 by November 15 of the senior year. Prerequisite: independent voicing, modal and scalar patterns, A select ensemble, drawn from members of the Skidmore MU363. Non-liberal arts. The Department elementary transposition and sight-reading. Course College Chorus, performing a wide range of repertoire from materials are keyed to concepts covered in MU151 all periods, including madrigals, part-songs, choral works, MU 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN and 152. Successful completion of MP197 will satisfy and operatic ensembles. Limited to twelve singers; open MUSIC 3, 6, 9 the department’s keyboard proficiency requirement by audition only. Professional experience at an advanced level for for all music majors. Prerequisite: MU151 or permis- juniors and seniors with substantial academic and sion of instructor. P. Baytelman, R. Hihn MP 279, 280. WEST AFRICAN DRUM ENSEMBLE † cocurricular experience in the major field. With faculty 1,1 sponsorship and department approval, students may MP 198. CLASS STUDY OF INSTRUMENTAL An ensemble devoted to the performance of traditional extend their educational experience into such areas PERFORMANCE 1 drum music from Ghana. (For Class of 2000 only: fulfills as arts administration, recording, and archival work. Group instruction in instrumental performance areas, non-Western culture requirement; MP279 fulfills arts-A Prerequisite: Previous study related to the area of the including jazz improvisation, not covered by MP181- component of breadth requirement.) Fee: $50. Non-liberal internship experience. Permission of the supervising 188 or 191-197. To be announced when offered. arts. Y. Addy faculty member and approval by the department. Permission of instructor required. Non-liberal arts. MP 285, 286. SKIDMORE GUITAR ENSEMBLE † 1, 1 MP 281, 282, 283, 284, 381, 382, 383, 384. An ensemble devoted to the performance of classical PRIVATE MUSICAL INSTRUCTION 2, 2 guitar music in combination with other instruments and PERFORMANCE Individual forty-five-minute weekly instruction in voice. Open by audition only. (MP285 fulfills arts-A compo- voice, piano, harpsichord, organ, fortepiano, guitar, nent of breadth requirement.) Non-liberal arts. J. Brown The following courses may be applied toward orchestral instruments, sitar, tabla, and jazz improvi- fulfillment of the visual and performing arts sation. Prospective students accepted by audition / MP 287, 288. SKIDMORE CHORUS † 1, 1 requirement for the Class of 2000. interview. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement A large ensemble open to men and women singers. when the sitar and tabla are the instruments of Annual tours and invitational concerts provide opportunities MP 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188. instruction; MP281 fulfills arts-A component of to sing major choral works with other colleges and universi- CLASS STUDY OF VOICE 1, 1 breadth requirement.) The fee for forty-five-minute ties. Open by audition. (MP287 fulfills arts-A component of Use of the singing voice. Study and application of the private instruction is $440 per course. breadth requirement.) Non-liberal arts. principles and techniques of singing: breathing, tone production, resonance and diction, pronunciation, MP 281H, 282H, 283H, 284H, 381H, 382H, 383H, MP 289, 290. SKIDMORE ORCHESTRA † 1, 1 articulation, intonation, attack of tone, legato and 384H. One three-hour rehearsal per week. Open by audition. sostenuto, flexibility, dynamics, and phrasing. PRIVATE MUSICAL INSTRUCTION 2, 2 (MP289 fulfills arts-A component of breadth requirement.) Repertory chosen to illustrate different stylistic Individual sixty-minute weekly instruction in voice, A. Holland periods. Students participate in a recital at the end of piano, harpsichord, organ, fortepiano, guitar, orches- the semester. (MP181 and 182 fulfill arts-A compo- tral instruments, sitar, tabla, and jazz improvisation. MP 293, 294. SKIDMORE JAZZ ENSEMBLE † 1, 1 nent of breadth requirement.) N. Davidsen At least one semester of sixty-minute lessons is One two-hour rehearsal per week. Open by audition. required for any student preparing a full recital. (MP293 fulfills arts-A component of breadth requirement.) MP 191. CLASS STUDY OF PIANO 2 Prospective students accepted by audition /interview. M. Vinci For students with no special background in music or (For Class of 2000 only: fulfills non-Western culture piano. Emphasis is on reading skills and develop- requirement when the sitar and tabla are the instru- MP 295, 296. SKIDMORE COLLEGIUM MUSICUM † ment of keyboard technique. Fundamental concepts ments of instruction.) The fee for sixty-minute private 1, 1 of music theory (rhythm, intervals, scales, chords, instruction is $585 per course. An ensemble devoted to the performance of early and keys) will be included. (Fulfills arts-A component of rarely-heard music, using replicas of authentic instruments breadth requirement.) Non-liberal arts. MP 385. CONDUCTING 3 of the Renaissance. Open by audition. P. Baytelman, R. Hihn Basic techniques of orchestral and choral conducting. Prerequisite: MU 152. A. Holland MP 297, 298. CHAMBER MUSIC † 1, 1 Qualified students in piano, harpsichord, strings and woodwinds may participate in smaller ensembles: trios, quartets, quintets, etc. Open by audition. (MP297 fulfills arts-A component of breadth requirement.) M. Emery, G.M. Green, J. Vinci † This course may be repeated for credit at the discretion of the department. 127 PH 204. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY: PH 303. ETHICS 3 Philosophy EARLY MODERN 3 A critical examination of the nature and principles of A study of the ideological foundations of the modern some of the major ethical theories proposed in the world as developed in the period from the Renais- history of Western thought. Theories studied may Chair of the Department of Philosophy and sance through Kant. Discussion will concentrate on include virtue ethics, natural law, deontological ethics, Religion: Eric J. Weller, Ph. D. metaphysics and epistemology, covering such topics social contract, and utilitarianism. The course may also include some consideration of the application of Philosophy Faculty: as the debates between dualism and materialism and between rationalism and empiricism. Will include the theories studied to selected contemporary moral Associate Professors: Eric J. Weller, Ph.D.; readings from such philosophers as Hobbes, issues. Prerequisite: one course in philosophy or Joel R. Smith, Ph.D.; Francisco Gonzalez, Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz, Locke, Berkeley, Hume, permission of instructor. Offered alternate years. Ph.D.; Reginald Lilly, Ph.D. and Kant. (Fulfills society-B component of breadth The Department requirement.) F. Gonzalez, S. Rajiva Visiting Assistant Professor: Brian Schroeder, PH 304. SOCIAL-POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY 3 Ph.D. PH 206. CRITICAL REASONING 3 A study of the nature of political community and of Visiting Instructor: Suma Rajiva, M.A. An introduction to the principles and methods of social institutions. Topics to be discussed include the informal logic including the study of fallacies, induc- nature and purposes of political community, the rela- tive forms of reasoning, syllogistic logic, and critical tion of ethics to political life and social institutions, the THE PHILOSOPHY MAJOR: Requirements for writing. Emphasis will be placed on learning these notions of equality, liberty, power, and justice, and the a major in philosophy are the general College skills and techniques through practical application to nature of rights. Prerequisite: one course in philosophy requirements, stated on page 46, plus ten everyday issues. The Department or permission of instructor. Offered alternate years. courses in philosophy, including PH203, 204, The Department 207, 327G, and 375. At least four of the re- PH 207. LOGIC 3 maining five courses must be chosen from A study of the principles and methods of modern PH 311. EXISTENTIAL PHILOSOPHY 3 300-level philosophy offerings (PH or PR). logic for determining the validity and invalidity of A study of the central concepts of existential philoso- arguments and a discussion of the philosophical phy as found in the writings of such thinkers as basis and use of those principles. (Fulfills QR2 Nietzsche, Heidegger, Sartre, Camus, and Marcel. INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In requirement.) The Department Concepts such as freedom, facticity, dread, nothing- conjunction with the relevant departments, the ness, the absurd, being-for-itself, being-in-itself will be Department of Philosophy and Religion offers PH 210. AESTHETICS 3 examined. Prerequisite: PH 204 or permission of majors in biology-philosophy, economics- A study of the aesthetic dimension of life in relation to instructor. Offered alternate years. J. Smith philosophy, English-philosophy, government- the artist, the art object, the audience, and human philosophy, and history-philosophy. See experience in general. Several important and diverse PH 313. THEORIES OF KNOWLEDGE 3 Interdepartmental Majors, page 142. theories of the aesthetic will be analyzed, discussed, A study of currently changing views concerning the and used in examining examples of art. Prerequisite: nature and purpose of knowledge and our place in HONORS: Majors are encouraged to write a one course in philosophy, or a course in one of the nature. Topics discussed will include the relation of thesis in the second semester of their senior arts, or permission of the instructor. (Fulfills art-B knowledge to action; the interrelation of sensation, year. A grade of A- or better on such a thesis component of breadth requirement.) The Department perception, and knowledge; and our relation to the is required for departmental honors. external world. Prerequisite: PH 204 or permission of PH 215. BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHY 3 instructor. Offered alternate years. The Department Courses in religion are offered in the Depart- An introduction to selected themes, schools, and thinkers of the Buddhist philosophical tradition in PH 314. PHILOSOPHY OF LAW 3 ment of Philosophy and Religion as electives India, Tibet, China, and Japan. Buddhist metaphysics Analysis and discussion of various topics and ap- for the entire student body and may count and ethics are examined with reference to the nature proaches to the philosophy of law or jurisprudence. toward a major in religious studies, but may of reality and the person, causality and action, Readings may be chosen from classic philosophers not be counted toward a philosophy major. wisdom and compassion, emptiness and nihilism. as well as from modern legal positivists and realists. Comparisons are made to Western philosophers, Prerequisite: junior or senior standing or permission of THE PHILOSOPHY MINOR: Requirements for especially regarding the Buddhist critique of sub- instructor. Offered alternate years. E. Weller a minor in philosophy are PH203 and 204 plus stance and the Buddhist ideal of compassionate four other courses in philosophy, chosen in openness to the world. Offered alternate years. PR 323. RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHIES consultation with the student’s advisor in the (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) J. Smith OF INDIA 3 department. A study of selected classical thinkers and schools PH 230. TOPICS IN PHILOSOPHY 3 who see philosophy as intertwined with religious The study of a selected topic in philosophy. praxis. The course focuses on the Upanishads, PH 103. INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY 3 A. Philosophy of Science Samkhya-Yoga, the Bhagavad-Gita, Sankara's non- A study of some of the basic questions of philosophy B. Philosophy of Education dualistic Vedanta, and Ramanuja's Vedantic theism. such as: the nature of the self and one's relation to C. Medieval Philosophy Emphasis is on the themes of ignorance, Atman, others, the value and meaning of existence, the D. Environmental Ethics Brahman, and liberation-in-this-life. Prerequisites: one status and extent of knowledge, and the nature of E. Bio-Medical Ethics course in philosophy or religion or permssion of in- reality. Selections from both classical and contempo- Course may be repeated with a different topic. structor. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills non- rary authors are read and discussed. Open to first- (Fulfills society-B component of breadth Western culture requirement.) J. Smith and second-year students only. (Fulfills society-B requirement.) component of breadth requirement.) The Department The Department PH 324. PHILOSOPHY OF RELIGION 3 An investigation of the fundamental paradoxes of PH 203. HISTORY OF PHILOSOPHY: GREEK PH 302. NINETEENTH AND TWENTIETH religious belief. Questions to be considered will include PHILOSOPHY 3 CENTURY CONTINENTAL the arguments for the existence of God, the problem A basic grounding in the history of Western philoso- PHILOSOPHY 3 of suffering and evil, the nature of mystical knowledge, phy through reading and discussion of selected An examination of the philosophical system of and the rise of modern religious skepticism. Prerequi- works of Plato and Aristotle. (Fulfills society-B com- G.W.F. Hegel and a selected number of philosophical site: one course in philosophy or religion or permission ponent of breadth requirement.) F. Gonzalez responses to his legacy. Representative thinkers of instructor. Offered alternate years. J. Smith include Schopenhauer, Nietzsche, Husserl, Marx, Merleau-Ponty, Heidegger, and Lyotard. Prerequisite: PR 325. JAPANESE RELIGIOUS PH 204 or permission of instructor. R. Lilly PHILOSOPHIES 3 A study of selected classical and contemporary Japa- nese thinkers who see philosophy as intertwined with religious praxis. Emphasis will be on Buddhist thinkers such as Kukai, Dogen, Shinran, and Nishi-tani. Prereq- uisite: one course in philosophy or religion or permis- 128 sion of instructor. Offered alternate years. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement.) J. Smith PR 326. TIBETAN BUDDHISM 3 PY 107. LIGHT AND COLOR 4 A study of selected classical and contemporary Physics This course traces the evolution of our understanding Tibetan thinkers who see philosophy as intertwined of light and color from the earliest recorded ideas to with religious praxis. The course focuses on the the present. It will emphasize the crucial roles of Vaj-rayana form of Mahayana Buddhism that is the Chair of the Department of Chemistry and experimentation and mathematical modeling in the central element in the culture of Tibet, as well as its Physics: William J. Standish, Ph.D. creation and refinement of the contemporary theory of Mahayana Buddhist background in India. Emphasis Physics Faculty: light, and will give students the opportunity to observe is on the central ideas of wisdom, compassion, and to experiment with many of the important proper- emptiness, dependent arising, and the two truths in Associate Professors: David Atkatz, Ph.D.; ties of light and color. The course will also give such thinkers as the Prajhaparamita, Nagarjuna, William J. Standish, Ph.D. students a sense of the importance of light as a Candrakirti, and the Dalai Lama. Prerequisite: one technological tool in the modern world. Three hours of course in philosophy or religion or permission of Assistant Professor: Mary Crone, Ph.D., lecture, two hours of lab a week. (This course fulfills instructor. Offered alternate years. (Fulfills non- Charles Lubin Family Professor for Women in part of the lab science requirement and qualifies as a Western culture requirement.) J.Smith Science nature-B [lab] course for breadth requirement, but it Teaching Associate: Jill A. Linz, M.S. may not be applied toward the major in physics.) PH 327. GREAT PHILOSOPHERS 3 W. Standish A course in depth in the philosophy of a single great THE PHYSICS MAJOR: Students majoring in philosopher: physics are required to: PY 192. ASTRONOMY 3 A. Plato M. Dewey Presented in this course are the modern ideas con- B. Aristotle N. Sartre 1. Fulfill the general College requirements cerning the origin of the solar system and the nature C. Aquinas O. William James listed on page 46. and evolution of stars. Lesser celestial bodies also D. Descartes P. Wittgenstein are described. The instruments and methods used by 2. Complete the following: E. Locke Q. Merleau-Ponty astronomers are discussed. Both day and night F. Hume R. Nietzsche a. a minimum of ten courses in physics telescopic observing sessions are held. (Qualifies as G. Kant S. Spinoza including PY207, 208, 210, 341, 345, 346, nature-A [non-lab] course for breadth requirement.) H. Hegel T. Leibniz 348, 373 or 374, and two additional M. Crone I. Marx U. Shankara courses from among PY211, 212, 213, J. Kierkegaard V. Nargarjuna 351, 352 or 399. PY 194. PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF K. Whitehead W. Nishitani ASTRONOMY 4 L. Heidegger X. Levinas b. MA111, 113, 200, 202, and 270. This course supplements the lectures of PY192 with a Y. Husserl lab experience. Experiments are performed which Course may be repeated with a different philosopher. Students planning to pursue graduate work illustrate the concepts presented in lecture. Emphasis Prerequisite: PH203 or permission of instructor. should also take a two-course sequence in will be placed on observation, analysis and interpreta- The Department another lab science. tion of data. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab a week. (Qualifies as a nature-B [lab] course for breadth PH. 328. METAPHYSICS 3 For a physics major combined with an engi- requirement.) M. Crone, J. Linz A study of the most fundamental concepts of being neering program, see page 147 for additional as developed in several major philosophers from the PY 207. GENERAL PHYSICS I 4 Greeks to the present. Discussion will focus on such requirements. A calculus-based introduction to the concepts and topics as God, time, space, substance, essence, principles of mechanics, emphasizing translational existence, process, causality, and value. Pre- THE PHYSICS MINOR: Students minoring in and rotational kinematics and dynamics, special requisite: PH203 or 204 or permission of instructor. physics are required to complete six courses: relativity, work and energy, conservation laws, and Offered alternate years. The Department PY207, 208, 210, and three elective courses in gravitation. Prerequisite: QR1. Corequisite: MA111. physics, two of which are at the 300 level. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab a week. PH 330. ADVANCED TOPICS IN PHILOSOPHY 3 These electives must be approved by the (Fulfills QR2 requirement; qualifies as a nature-B [lab] The study of a selected topic in philosophy. student’s physics advisor before they can be course for breadth requirement.) The Department A. American Philosophy applied toward the minor. B. Philosophy of Language PY 208. GENERAL PHYSICS II 4 C. Freedom and Necessity A continuation of PY207 into the areas of oscillations, D. Feminist Philosophy PY 103. PHYSICAL SCIENCE I 4 wave motion, reflection and refraction, E. Philosophy of Literature (The Philosophy and A course designed for the nonscience student. electricity and magnetism. Prerequisite: PY207. Religion Department will accept EN361 as the The fundamentals of physics are presented. Applica- Corequisite: MA113. Three hours of lecture, two equivalent of PH330E.) tions are made to our common experience. Topics hours of lab a week. The Department Course may be repeated with a different topic. discussed include: gravity, tides, orbits, the properties Prerequisite: one course in philosophy or permission of matter, and musical sounds. Three hours of PY 210. FOUNDATIONS OF MODERN of the instructor. E. Weller, R. Lilly lecture, two hours of lab a week. Prerequisite: PHYSICS 4 QR1. (Fulfills QR2 requirement; qualifies as nature-B The significant historical discoveries leading to the PH 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 [lab] course for breadth requirement.) M. Crone, development of atomic theory and quantum mechan- A reading course in an area or a philosopher not J. Linz ics. Topics include discovery of the electron, black- available in this depth in other courses. Prerequisite: body radiation, the photoelectric and Compton effects, permission of department. The Department PY 104. PHYSICAL SCIENCE II 4 spectra, the Rutherford-Bohr atom, deBroglie waves, A continuation of Physics103. Topics studied and Schrödinger’s equation. Three hours of lecture, PH 375. SENIOR SEMINAR 3 include: electricity, magnetism, light, and atomic two hours of lab a week. Prerequisite: PY208. A close study of comparative overviews of the sever- energy. Prerequisite: PY103 or permission of The Department ally different modes, methods, and systems of instructor. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab a philosophy possible. Offered each spring. week. (Qualifies as nature-B [lab] course for breadth PY 211H. THERMAL AND STATISTICAL The Department requirement.) J. Linz PHYSICS 3 A study of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics PH 376. SENIOR THESIS 3 (both classical and quantum), and kinetic theory from Individual conferences with senior majors in the a modern perspective. Using statistical concepts and areas of their research projects. The Department stressing the microscopic point of view, the relation- ships among pressure, volume and temperature of systems are discussed, as well as the transfer of energy among thermal systems. Prerequisite: PY210. Offered in spring 1999 and every third year there- after. (This is an Honors course.) The Department 129 PY 212. OPTICS 4 PY 346. ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM 4 A survey of geometrical, physical, and quantum A study of the theory of classical electromagnetism. Psychology optics. Topics include reflection and refraction of light Topics include electrostatics, boundary-value by plane and spherical surfaces, ray tracing, interfer- problems, dielectrics and conductors, steady cur- ence, Fraunhofer and Fresnel diffraction, the electro- rents, magnetostatics, magnetic materials, electro- Chair of the Department of Psychology: magnetic character of light, polarization, absorption, magnetic induction, Maxwell’s equations and their Sheldon Solomon, Ph.D. scattering and dispersion of light, photons, lasers, solutions. Three hours of lecture, one hour of discus- Professors: Robert M. Oswalt, Ph.D.; Joan magneto-optics and electro-optics. Prerequisite: sion a week. Prerequisites: PY208. Co-requisite: Delahanty Douglas, Ph.D.; Sheldon Solomon, PY210. Three hours of lecture, two hours of lab a MA270 W. Standish week. Offered in spring 2000 and every third year Ph.D.; Mary Ann Foley, Ph.D. thereafter. The Department PY 348. QUANTUM MECHANICS 4 Associate Professors: Hugh Foley, Ph.D.; The basic postulates of quantum mechanics and their Holley Hodgins, Ph.D. PY 213. ELECTRONICS 3 meaning, Schrödinger’s equation and its solutions for An introduction to solid-state electronics. Discrete finite and infinite square well and spherical well Assistant Professors: Patricia M. Colby, Ph.D.; circuit elements and integrated circuits are discussed potentials, the harmonic oscillator, and the hydrogen Denise L. Evert, Ph.D.; Grant Gutheil, Ph.D.; and employed in both digital and analog applications. atom. The structure and behavior of simple molecu- Flip Phillips, Ph.D.; Gregory A. Goodwin, Ph.D. Circuit analysis, amplifiers, signal processing, logical lar, atomic, and nuclear systems are studied . Three Lab Assistant: Rebecca Van Vorst, B.A. networks, and practical instrumentation are studied. hours of lecture, one hour of discussion a week. Prerequisite: PY210. Six hours of lab a week. Offered Prerequisites: PY210, MA270. D. Atkatz in spring 1998 and every third year thereafter. The major in psychology is designed to pro- The Department PY 351, 352. ADVANCED TOPICS IN PHYSICS 3, 3 vide basic knowledge in the major sub-areas A variety of physics topics at the advanced level of of the field, and to prepare those interested for PY 221. GALAXIES AND COSMOLOGY 3 physics. Possible options include biophysics, con- graduate study. The program stresses the An overview of large-scale structure and modern densed-matter physics, nuclear and particle physics, quantitative and verbal skills required for cosmological models, from nearby galaxies to the and advanced quantum mechanics. The selection of understanding basic research and various entire observable universe. Topics include galaxy a particular topic will be adjusted to student interest applications of research findings. surveys, quasars, dark matter, and the early and background. Prerequisite: PY210 and permission universe. Prerequisite: PY192 or PY194. (Qualifies of the department. The Department Students planning to major in psychology as nature-A [non-lab] course for breadth should have a solid background in written requirement.) M. Crone PY 373, 374. SENIOR RESEARCH IN expression and quantitative skills. Students PHYSICS 3, 3 are encouraged to take writing-intensive PY 251, 252 SPECIAL TOPICS IN PHYSICS 3 An opportunity for qualified seniors to pursue re- courses as preparation for the major, along A variety of topics at the intermediate level, available search in physics under the supervision of a member with a course in mathematics. A course in to students with an interest in physics. Some of the department. Prerequisite: PY341 and permis- examples of topics are: exploring the universe, sion of the department. computer programming might be particularly astronomy beyond the Milky Way, atomic and mo- helpful. lecular physics, and particle physics. Specific choice PY 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN of topics will depend on student interest and back- PHYSICS 3, 6, or 9 THE PSYCHOLOGY MAJOR: To complete a ground. Prerequisite: prior physics course and Professional experience at an advanced level for major, students must take a minimum of ten permission of the department. The Department juniors and seniors with substantial academic and courses in psychology. Only three of these cocurricular experience in physics. With faculty may be taken at another institution. Included PY 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN sponsorship and department approval, students may among the ten courses are the following re- PHYSICS 3 or 6 extend their educational experience into such areas quired ones: PS201, 217, 306, and one course Internship opportunity for students whose curricular as physics research, environmental or material from each of the following four clusters: foundations and cocurricular experience have pre- science, or electrical engineering. Only three semes- pared them for professional work related to the major ter hours may count toward the major or minor in 1. Biopsychology: PS216, 231, 304, 321 field. With faculty sponsorship and department physics. Prerequisite: PY210 2. Social-Developmental Psychology: PS205, approval, students may extend their educational 207, 302, 320 experience into such areas as physics research, environmental and material science, or electrical 3. Perceptual-Cognitive Processes: PS305, engineering. Prerequisites: PY207, 208. 314, 323, 324, 325 4. Clinical-Applied Psychology: PS204, 210, PY 341. ADVANCED THEORY AND METHODS 211, 221, 308, 315, 317 IN PHYSICS RESEARCH 4 A series of experiences involving the lab and mathematical techniques used by practicing physi- Of the ten courses presented toward the cists. Areas covered will include familiarization with major, at least five must be 300-level courses. information resources, methods of measurement, data recording and analysis, instrumentation and Students majoring in psychology must take at mathematical techniques in theoretical physics least one lab science course in a discipline research. Two hours of lecture, four hours of lab a other than psychology. We particularly recom- week. Prerequisite: PY210. D. Atkatz, W. Standish mend 100-level courses in biology.

PY 345. MECHANICS 4 Only one regular semester course taken on a Classical mechanics at the advanced level. Emphasis satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis may count is placed on the mathematical formulation of physical toward the major. None of the required problems and on the physical interpretation of the mathematical solutions. Topics include Newton’s courses or any 300-level psychology course, laws of motion, gravitation, kinematics and dynamics except PS399, may be taken, by majors, on a of a particle and of systems of particles, rigid-body satisfactory/unsatisfactory basis. motion, introduction to generalized coordinates, and Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics. Three hours The quality point ratio in the ten courses of lecture, one hour of discussion a week. Pre- presented toward the major must meet the requisites: PY210, MA270. The Department minimum requirement of 2.0. Of these courses, only one may have been completed with a grade of D. 130 INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In PS 212. THEMES IN CONTEMPORARY PS 304. PHYSIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY 4 conjunction with the relevant departments, PSYCHOLOGY 3 The study of physiological structures of the central the Psychology Department offers majors in Introductory exploration of selected themes in nervous system, muscles and glands in humans biology-psychology and psychology-sociology. contemporary psychology with special attention to and animals with emphasis on their role in emotion, See Interdepartmental Majors, page 142. major trends of theoretical interest and research learning, perception, and basic drives. Prerequisites: activity. Such themes might include decision-making, PS216 and 306. Three lectures, three hours of lab a HONORS: To be eligible for departmental narratives in psychology, health psychology, environ- week. (Fulfills lab science requirement.) G. Goodwin mental psychology. (This course may be repeated for honors in psychology, a student must meet the credit with focus on a different theme.) Prerequisite: PS 305. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 3 requisite grade point average, complete a PS201. The Department The systematic study of the development of intellec- research project in Senior Research Project I tual capacities in the child. Current theories and and II or a major paper in Senior Seminar, and PS 216. INTRODUCTION TO research relevant to the child’s development and use be recommended for departmental honors by BIOPSYCHOLOGY 3 of symbolic, mediational, and linguistic processes will the department. An introduction to the biological bases of behavior. be surveyed. Prerequisites: PS201 and 207, or Topics include the structure and functioning of the consent of instructor. G. Gutheil PSI CHI: Psi Chi is the National Honor nervous system, brain-behavior relationships, and Society in Psychology, founded in 1929 for hormonal and genetic effects on behavior. Prerequi- PS 306. EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 4 the purpose of encouraging scholarship and site: PS201. (Qualifies as a nature-A option for the A theoretical and empirical introduction to psychology advancing the science of psychology. Eligibility breadth requirement.) D. Evert, G. Goodwin as a natural science. Emphasis will be on the basic requirements include major interest in psychol- phenomena in physiological psychology, cognition, ogy, completion of at least four psychology PS 217. STATISTICAL METHODS IN perception, and social psychology and the principal courses, a grade point average of 3.5 or higher PSYCHOLOGY I 3 experimental paradigms employed in their investiga- A survey of methods used to describe, correlate tion. Three hours of lecture, three hours of lab a in psychology, and a grade point average of and make inferences about frequency distributions, week. Prerequisites: QR1, PS201, 217. (Fulfills a lab 3.3 in all college courses. including the use of the binomial distribution, the science requirement, the QR2 requirement, and normal distribution, the t-distribution, chi-square, sign qualifies as a nature-B [lab] course for the breadth There is no formal program for a minor in tests, and simple analysis of variance to test for requirement.) H. Foley, M. Foley, F. Phillips psychology. Those interested in taking some significance. Prerequisite: PS201 or consent of psychology courses without actually complet- instructor. H. Foley, J. Douglas, F. Phillips PS 307. ADVANCED PERSONALITY 3 ing a major are encouraged to select a set of A detailed examination of factors that influence courses relevant to their needs. Members of PS 221. HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY 3 personality development. Attention is devoted toward the department are happy to assist in this A study of the relationships between psychological understanding how different aspects of human selection process. factors and well-being using biopsychosocial per- personality can account for the development of spectives. This multidisciplinary approach integrates various social institutions. The development and PS 201. INTRODUCTION TO GENERAL knowledge from physiology, psychobiology, personal- evaluation of hypotheses to understand personality PSYCHOLOGY 3 ity, social psychology, and sociology to understand processes, and strategies to induce change are also An introduction to the science of psychology through health, illness, and well-being. The primary objective considered. Includes some lab work but does not a survey of theories, methods, facts, and principles of of this course is to familiarize students with the meet lab science requirement. Prerequisites: PS210 behavior. Open to first-year students. The Department conceptual basis, research methods, and research and 306. S. Solomon, P. Colby findings in the field of health psychology. Pre- PS 204. EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 3 requisite: PS201; recommended: PS217. P. Colby PS 308. ABNORMAL PSYCHOLOGY 3 The application of psychological principles to prob- An introduction to the history and study of abnormal lems of student learning, student achievement, PS 222. PSYCHOANALYSIS AND SIGMUND behavior including neurosis, psychosis, character teaching methods, and educational assessment. FREUD disorders, addiction, sexual dysfunction, mental Prerequisite: PS201 or consent of instructor. An introduction to Sigmund Freud and his theory of retardation, brain damage, psychological assess- G. Gutheil personality psychoanalysis. The course will examine ment, and psychotherapy. Prerequisite: PS 201 or cultural, social, and intellectual antecedents; entail consent of instructor. R. Oswalt PS 205. SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 3 readings by and about Sigmund Freud; and explore A survey of theory and research on the nature and ways in which Freud’s ideas have had a profound PS 309. MODERN PSYCHOLOGY IN causes of individual behavior (thoughts, feelings, influence on other disciplines. Prerequisite: PS201 or HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE 3 actions) in social situations. Prerequisite: PS 201. consent of the instructor. R. Oswalt The genesis and development of the fundamental H. Hodgins, S. Solomon, P. Colby problems of modern psychology, as well as some PS 231. NEUROPSYCHOLOGY 3 specific fields of research which constitute the chief PS 207. INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN An introduction to the relationship between the brain chapters of experimental psychology. Prerequisite: DEVELOPMENT 3 and mind through the assessment of human patients PS201. Theories and research evidence as well as method- (and animals) with brain damage. This focus will ological problems will be re viewed as they relate to show how scientists are better able to understand PS 312. ADVANCED SEMINAR IN MAJOR physical, psychological, and social development of components of the mind (i.e., processes related to ISSUES OF PSYCHOLOGY 3 the individual from birth through adolescence. attention, perception, cognition, personality, emotion, A critical examination of fundamental areas of contro- Prerequisite: PS201 or consent of instructor. memory, language, consciousness) and behavior, versy in current theories, research findings, and J. Douglas, G. Gutheil and how this information can be used to refine applications of psychology. Such topics might include theories of psychological functioning. A case-study consciousness, autobiographical memory, or nonver- PS 210. PERSONALITY 3 approach of humans with brain damage will be bal behavior. (This course may be repeated for credit Considers major theories of personality to gain an adopted in this course. Prerequisite: PS201. with focus on a different issue.) Prerequisites: three understanding of how genetic and environmental (Qualifies as a nature-A option for the breadth courses in psychology and consent of instructor. factors interact to influence human behavior. Prereq- requirement.) D. Evert The Department uisite: PS201. S. Solomon, P. Colby PS 302. ADULT DEVELOPMENT 3 PS 314. THINKING AND CREATIVITY 3 PS 211. APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY 3 Psychological aspects of human growth and function A discussion of theories and findings concerning the The application of the principles of psychology to from maturity to senescence, with consideration of nature and function of awareness, symbolic pro- individual and social problems in such areas as research procedures and problems as well as recent cesses, and creative thinking. Prerequisite: PS201. business and industry, law, health, the environment findings and relevant theory. A field project is re- and consumer behavior. Prerequisite: PS201. quired. Prerequisites: PS207 and 217, or consent of The Department instructor. J. Douglas

131 PS 315. CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY 3 PS 331. PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN 3 An introduction to the history and methods of clinical Examination and analysis of a number of important Religion diagnosis and treatment of abnormal behavior ideas regarding women’s psychological experience. including Freudian psychoanalysis, client centered Topics to be studied include theories of female therapy, group psychotherapy, and behavior modifi- development, self-concept, sexuality, psychological Chair of the Department of Philosophy and cation. Prerequisite: PS308. R. Oswalt disorders, violence against women, and mother- Religion: Eric J. Weller, Ph.D. daughter relationships. Prerequisite: PS207. Religion Faculty: PS 317. PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING 3 J.Douglas An introduction to the history, theory, administration Associate Professors: Joel R. Smith, Ph.D.; and interpretation of psychological tests, including PS 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 Mary Zeiss Stange, Ph.D. tests of intelligence, achievement, interests and Individual reading and/or research under the personality. Prerequisite: PS201 or consent of guidance of a member of the staff. Prerequisites: Assistant Professor: Nicola Denzey, Ph.D. instructor. R. Oswalt PS201 and consent of instructor. The Department Lecturer: *Kathleen Buckley, M.Div.

PS 318. STATISTICAL METHODS IN PS 375. SENIOR RESEARCH PROJECT I 3 PSYCHOLOGY II 3 Students will work with an individual faculty member The Department of Philosophy and Religion A study of advanced techniques and controversial to develop a major research project. This develop- offers students the opportunity to major in issues in experimental design and test theory, includ- ment will include definition of topic, review of the ing practical experience with complex analysis of scientific literature, the learning of any necessary religious studies or minor in religion. Courses variance, correlation techniques, nonparametric research techniques, execution of any necessary in religion are offered as electives for the entire methods, and decision theory. Wherever possible, preliminary research, and submission of a written student body but may not be counted toward a real examples will be studied and data will be proposal to the faculty supervisor. Each student will major in philosophy. Majors are encouraged to analyzed with the aid of computer. Prerequisites: make an oral presentation of the proposal to other focus their studies around particular themes, PS217 and 306. H. Foley senior thesis students. Prerequisites: PS306 and such as investigating the relationship of consent of instructor. religion to art, culture, or women. Majors have PS 320. ADVANCED SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY 4 gone on to earn advanced degrees in religion The study of the predominant theories that have PS 376. SENIOR RESEARCH PROJECT II 3 as well as to attend rabbinical schools. Gener- guided social psychological research and the various Students will work with an individual faculty member ally, the liberal arts skills of critical thinking and research methods used by social psychologists. to complete the major research project developed in clear and succinct verbal and written commu- Students design and implement their own research Senior Research Project I. A final project will be nication that students acquire while pursuing projects and use the computer for statistical analysis submitted in thesis form to the faculty supervisor at their degrees qualify them for virtually any of their own data. Three hours of lecture and two least two weeks before the end of the term. Prereq- position suitable for any other liberal arts hours of lab a week. Prerequisites: PS205 and 306, uisite: PS375. May not be taken concurrently with or consent of instructor. (Fulfills part of lab science PS378. Senior Research Project II may be used to major. requirement.) H. Hodgins fulfill the thesis requirement for departmental honors in psychology. THE RELIGIOUS STUDIES MAJOR: Require- PS 321. MOTIVATION AND EMOTION 3 ments for a major in religious studies are the An examination of the principal constructs employed PS 378. SENIOR SEMINAR 3 general college requirements, stated on page in theories of motivation and emotion. The current Students work with course instructor to complete a 46, plus completion of twelve courses, eight of status of both biologically based and psychologically major, written project. The project can be a synthe- which must be selected from the RE or PR based theories will be reviewed. Prerequisites: sis of the literature in a particular topic area of offerings, including RE103, 241, and 375. The PS201 and 306 or consent of instructor. H. Hodgins psychology, or an original theoretical formulation. remaining four may be chosen from a list of The final project should demonstrate a conceptual courses from other disciplines that has been PS 323. PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 3 integration of the material, and should demonstrate authorized by the religion faculty. At least six An examination of the acquisition of language in the both originality and independence of work. In of the courses must be at the 300 level with at light of milestones in sensorimotor and cognitive addition to the written project, each student will least two 300-level courses taken in the senior development. The relationship of language to thought make an oral presentation summarizing the project. year, one of which must be in religion. will be of central concern. Also covered will be The written version of the project will be submitted bilingualism and disturbances of linguistic develop- at least two weeks before the end of the spring ment. Prerequisite: PS201. J. Devine semester. Prerequisite: PS306. This course may be HONORS: Students wishing to qualify for used to fulfill the thesis requirement fordepartmental honors in the department must successfully PS 324. COGNITION 3 honors in psychology. May not be taken concur- complete RE376, Senior Thesis, and earn a The study of the way in which people acquire and rently with PS376. grade of A- or better. use information in a variety of circumstances. Topics include attention, pattern recognition, language, PS 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN THE RELIGION MINOR: Requirements for a memory, skill acquisition, problem solving, decision PSYCHOLOGY 3 minor in religion are PH324 and five other making, and artificial intelligence. Prerequisite: Professional experience at the advanced level for courses selected from the religion offerings in PS201 . M. Foley juniors and seniors. This experience may include consultation with the student’s advisor in the work-study projects in one of several professional department. PS 325. PERCEPTION 3 settings, including mental hospitals, nursing homes, The study of the way in which people identify and schools, developmental centers, advertising agen- interpret information about the world. The course will cies, laboratories, and communication agencies. RE 103. RELIGION AND CULTURE 3 examine contributions of sensory and cognitive Requires faculty sponsorship and department An introductory study of the nature of religion, the factors through consideration of several perceptual approval. Prerequisites: five courses in psychology interaction of religion and culture, and the function of phenomena. Discussions will include developmental (specified by the faculty according to the nature of religious belief in the life of the individual. Considera- factors and emphasize visual processes. Prerequi- the internship). Must be taken S/U. tion will be given to such phenomena as myth and site: PS201. H. Foley, F. Phillips ritual, sacred time and space, mysticism, evil, conver- sion, and salvation. Readings will be drawn from classical and modern sources. (Fulfills society-B component of breadth requirement.) The Department

132 AH/RE 200. HINDU RELIGION AND ART 3 RE 214. RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS OF CHINA PR 326. TIBETAN BUDDHISM 3 An introduction to the thought and art of India through AND JAPAN 3 A study of selected classical and contemporary the study of its dominant religious and artistic tradi- An introduction to the thought and cultures of China Tibetan thinkers who see philosophy as intertwined tion, Hinduism. The course emphasizes the evolu- and Japan through their religious traditions. The with religious praxis. The course focuses on the tionary history of texts and ideas, rituals, devotional course emphasizes the history, beliefs, rituals, and Vajrayana form of Mahayana Buddhism that is on literature, symbols and architecture of Hinduism, symbols of Buddhist traditions and gives attention to central element in the culture of Tibet, as well as its taking note of the religious underpinnings of the the Confucian, Taoist, and Shinto traditions. (Fulfills Mahayana Buddhist background in India. Emphasis is tradition, as well as its popular manifestations. The non-Western culture requirement and society-B on the central ideas of wisdom, compassion, empti- interdisciplinary nature of the course will highlight the component of breadth requirement.) J. Smith ness, dependent arising, and the two truths in such necessity to understand the religious experience thinkers as the Prajhaparamita, Nagarjuna, behind the works of art, and to witness the translation RE 220. ENCOUNTERING THE GODDESS Candrakirti, and the Dalai Lama. Prerequisite: one into concrete expressions of abstract ideas and IN INDIA 3 course in philosophy or religion or permission of religious emotions. (Fulfills non-Western culture An introduction to the Hindu religious culture of India instructor. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills non- requirement.) J. Smith, R. Linrothe through a study of major Hindu goddesses. The Western culture requirement.) J. Smith vision (darsan) of and devotion (bhakti) to the femi- RE 201. HEBREW SCRIPTURES 3 nine divine image will be explored. An interdiscipli- RE 330. ADVANCED TOPICS IN RELIGION 3 An introduction to the Old Testament and the begin- nary approach will explore the meaning of the The study of a selected special topic in religion. May nings of the Talmud. In addition to the primary goddess in literature, painting, poetry, religion, and be repeated with the approval of the department. sources, commentaries and special studies will be sculpture. (Fulfills non-Western culture requirement; Prerequisite: one course in religion or the approval of used. Particular attention will be given to the Jewish fulfills LS III requirement; fulfills LS2 requirement.) the instructor. The Department ideas of theology, history, and ethics and to their effect J. Smith on later Christian thought. Offered alternate years. RE 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 N. Denzey RE 230. TOPICS IN RELIGION 3 A reading course in a religious topic, tradition, or The study of a selected special topic in religion. May thinker not available in this depth in other courses. RE 202. CHRISTIAN SCRIPTURES 3 be repeated with the approval of the department. Prerequisite: permission of department. An introduction to the New Testament and the The Department The Department statements of the early church councils. In addition to the primary sources, commentaries and special RE 241. THEORY AND METHODOLOGY IN THE RE 375. SENIOR SEMINAR 3 studies will be used. Particular attention will be given STUDY OF RELIGION 3 Advanced study of a topic that reflects upon religion to the Christian ideas of theology, history, and ethics. An introduction to the theory and methodology of the and the study of religion. Prerequisite: senior standing Offered alternate years. N. Denzey study of religion. The course will provide an overview in religious study major. of basic theoretical approaches such as the historical, J. Smith, M. Stange, or N. Denzey RE 204. RELIGIOUS ETHICS: JUDEO- sociological, anthropological, phenomenological, CHRISTIAN 3 philosophical, and comparative. Issue identified by RE 376. SENIOR THESIS 3 A survey of the development of Western religious theorists from traditionally marginalized groups will be Individual conferences with senior majors in the areas ethics. Areas studied will include Biblical ethics, explored, as well as strategies for examining religion of their research projects. Prerequisite: senior stand- Monastic and Talmudic ethics, the ethics of Augustine in relation to various forms of cultural expression ing in religious study major. and Aquinas, Reformation ethics, Puritan ethics, such as literature and the arts. The Department J. Smith, M. Stange, or N. Denzey nineteenth-century frontier church ethics, and the modern ethical systems of American Protestantism, RE 303. RELIGION IN CONTEMPORARY Roman Catholicism, and Judaism. Offered alternate AMERICAN SOCIETY 3 years. The Department A study of the backgrounds and contemporary forms of American religions. Attention will be given to the RE 205. WOMEN, RELIGION AND institutional, liturgical, and doctrinal patterns of these SPIRITUALITY 3 religions and the application of their principles to such An exploration of women’s religious experience in social problems as the state, education, the family, crosscultural and historical terms with primary sex, human rights, and war. Prerequisites: two emphasis on images and roles of women in the courses in the following: philosophy, religion, history, Western cultural traditions of Judaism, Christianity, economics, psychology, and sociology, or permission and Islam. Considering religious mythology, belief, of instructor. Offered alternate years. and practice against the background of broader The Department social and political realities, the course devotes special attention to contemporary developments in PR 323. RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHIES feminist theology and the tension between traditional OF INDIA 3 and alternative modes of spirituality. M. Stange A study of selected classical thinkers and schools who see philosophy as intertwined with religious RE 211. WESTERN RELIGIONS 3 praxis. The course focuses on the Upanishads, A study of the history, beliefs, and rituals of the major Samkhya-Yoga, the Bhagavad-Gita, Sankara's non- religious traditions of the West, particularly Judaism, dualistic Vedanta, and Ramanuja's Vedantic theism. Christianity, and Islam. (Fulfills society-B component Emphasis is on the themes of ignorance, Atman, of breadth requirement.) N. Denzey Brahman, and liberation-in-this-life. Prerequisites: one course in philosophy or religion or permssion of RE 213. RELIGIOUS TRADITIONS OF INDIA 3 instructor. Offered in alternate years. (Fulfills non- An introduction to the thought and culture of India Western culture requirement.) J. Smith through its religious traditions. The course empha- sizes the history, beliefs, rituals and symbols of Hindu PR 325. JAPANESE RELIGIOUS traditions and gives attention to the Jain, Buddhist, PHILOSOPHIES 3 Islamic, and Sikh traditions in India. (Fulfills non- A study of selected classical and contemporary Western culture requirement and society-B compo- Japanese thinkers who see philosophy as intertwined nent of breadth requirement.) J. Smith with religious praxis. Attention will be given to Motoori Norinaga’s Shinto view, but emphasis will be on Buddhist thinkers such as Kukai, Dogen, Shinran, and Nishitani. Prerequisite: one course in philosophy or religion or permission of instructor. Offered alter- nate years. (Fulfills non-Western culture require- ment.) J. Smith 133 the functions of beginning social work practitio- SW 222. INTRODUCTION TO SOCIAL WORK Social Work ners in such roles as counselors, advocates, AND SOCIAL WELFARE 3 and researchers. They receive supervision Introduction to social welfare and the field of social from agency field instructors and support work from a historical, educational, and theoretical Chair of the Department of Sociology, through ongoing monitoring of the placement perspective. The course explores the values, knowl- Anthropology, and Social Work: William Fox, by the social work program. Students also edge and skills required in the profession, along with Ph.D. (Sociology) meet in a weekly seminar to discuss their field their practical application in the field, and factors affecting social work practice, e.g., class, gender, experiences and professional development. Director of the Social Work Program: race. (Meets society-A component of breadth Jacqueline Azzarto, Ph.D. requirement.) J. Azzarto or C. Sofka HONORS: Students desiring departmental Social Work Faculty: honors in social work must meet the requisite SW 224. SPECIAL STUDIES IN SOCIAL WORK 3 Associate Professors: Margaret N. Tacardon, grade-point average and must be recom- One topic of current interest in an area of social work. M.S.W.; Thomas P. Oles, M.S.W.; Jacqueline mended by their agency field instructors and Topics will vary from year to year depending on Azzarto, Ph.D. the faculty coordinator of field instruction. interests of faculty and needs of students, and might Visiting Assistant Professor: Carla J. Sofka, include social work practice with alcoholism and narcotic addiction, social work in correctional set- Ph.D. SW 212. SOCIAL WORK VALUES AND tings, social work with the developmentally disabled, POPULATIONS-AT-RISK 3 social work with the aged, advocacy in social work, or The Social Work Program is accredited by This course introduces social work values; it provides the dynamics of racism in social work practice. the Council on Social Work Education at the students an opportuntiy to identify and clarify conflict- The Department baccalaureate level. The major has two ing values and ethical dilemmas; and, it examines the primary objectives: to prepare students for impact of discrimination, economic deprivation, and SW 225. SOCIAL WORK WITH CHILDREN beginning-level generalist social work practice; oppression on groups distinguished by race, AND ADOLESCENTS 3 and to prepare students for graduate study in ethnicity, culture, class, gender, sexual orientation, Reviews conceptions of and approaches to working social work. The social work curriculum religion, physical or mental ability, age, and national with troubled children and adolescents. Topics stresses integrating knowledge of human origin. Students learn assessment and intervention include divorce, child abuse, learning difficulties, behavior, social welfare policy and services, skils that enable social workers to serve diverse substance abuse, delinquency, foster care, and and research, with the values and skills of the populations and to promote social and economic parent-child conflict. T. Oles social work profession. justice. (Meets society-A component of breadth requirement.) M. Tacardon SW 251. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND THE SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT I 3 THE SOCIAL WORK MAJOR: The major SW 214. DEATH AND DYING 3 A multidisciplinary examination of theories and leads to a bachelor of science degree. The Analyses of death and dying from historical, cultural, knowledge of human bio-psycho-social development social work major must successfully complete and religious perspectives. Examination of theories of from birth through young adulthood. The course the following nine courses in social work for a grief and mourning processes and of death-related draws on research from biology, psychology, eco- total of thirty-three credit hours: SW212, 222, practices such as wills and funerals. Review of nomics, sociology, anthropology, and political science 251, 252, 333, 334, 338, 381, and 382. In approaches to and strategies for working with the to study the interactions among biological, social, addition, students must also complete SO227 dying and their families. Students may examine their psychological, and cultural systems and how those and one of the following: BI110, 120, 130, 135, own attitudes toward death and dying. (Fulfills LS2 interactions promote or deter health and well-being. 150, 160, 170, 190, AN103, 345. requirement.) J. Azzarto Students learn to evaluate research reports and how research findings are used to plan social and per- POLICIES AND PROCEDURES SW 217. OBSESSIONS AND ADDICTIONS 3 sonal change. J. Azzarto Admission: Students must apply for admission Approaches to individual situations and cultural to the social work major during their sopho- variations in compulsive and addictive behaviors SW 252. HUMAN BEHAVIOR AND THE more year. Selection is based on demon- related to such matters as drugs, gambling, love, SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT II 3 work, and material success. This course uses a A multidisciplinary examination of theories and strated academic competence, a willingness to comprehensive view of human addictions that knowledge of human bio-psycho-social development abide by the profession’s code of ethics, and involves a person’s expectations, values, sense of from middle adulthood through the later years. The suitability for beginning professional practice. self-worth, and alternative opportunities for gratifica- course draws on research from biology, psychology, Applications for admission are available from tion and treatment. M. Tacardon economics, sociology, anthropology, and political social work faculty. Students planning on going science to study the interactions among biological, abroad should talk with the program director in SW 218. PRISONS IN AMERICA 3 social, psychological, and cultural systems and how their first year. An examination of the American prison system. The these interactions promote or deter health and well- Senior-Year Field Experience. The social work course presents an historical review of prisons, as being. Students learn to evaluate research reports well as theoretical and practical perspectives on the and how research findings are used to plan social major culminates in a field experience in the current state of penal institutions. Specific topics and personal change. J. Azzarto spring semester of the senior year. Students include prison reform, the purpose of incarceration, must complete all course prerequisites prior to and a variety of criticisms currently directed at the SW 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN enrolling in the field practicum. In addition, the prison system. (Fulfills LS II requirement; fulfills LS2 SOCIAL WORK 3 or 6 nature of the field experience requires that the requirement.) M. Tacardon Internship opportunity for students whose academic department reserves the right to deny enroll- and cocurricular work has prepared them for profes- ment in the field practicum to any student, if in SW 219. VOLUNTEERISM 3 sional activity related to social work. With faculty the judgment of the faculty that student’s A course designed to involve the students in commu- sponsorship and department approval, students may academic or personal preparation for begin- nity service and to encourage reflection on their design experiences in such areas as direct work with ning professional practice is insufficient. experiences. Students volunteer their services in specific populations, community organizations, and local nonprofit agencies for six to eight hours a week. social welfare management, administration, and Students serve as beginning social workers Students learn to assume the role of a volunteer: to research. Prerequisite: SW333 or 334 or permission four days per week. This experience provides understand the history of the voluntary sector; to of faculty sponsor. Non-liberal arts. The Department them with opportunities to apply knowledge examine the role of voluntary activity on American and skills gained in the classroom in an life; to research the needs and problems of the agency setting. They are integrated into the population they serve; and, to demonstrate an aware- field experience as regular staff and assume ness of the salience of race, ethnicity, gender, and class in the performance of community service. J. Azzarto

134 SW 333. SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE WITH HONORS: Students desiring departmental INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES 3 Sociology honors in sociology or sociology-anthropology Survey of methods used in helping individuals and must meet the requisite grade point average families cope with transitions, respond adaptively to and must complete a senior thesis under the environmental stress, and effect change in life and Chair of the Department of Sociology, supervision of a member of the department. relationship patterns. Special attention is given to the Anthropology, and Social Work: William Fox problem-solving approach in social work, to methods Ph.D. ALPHA KAPPA DELTA, the international for planned change, and to the effect of age, gender, Sociology Faculty: sociology honor society, is dedicated to the class, race and ethnicity on social work practice. recognition and encouragement of academic Prerequisite: SW212, 222, and permission of Professors: William Fox, Ph.D.; Catherine achievement in sociology. Founded in 1920, instructor. Non-liberal arts. C. Sofka White Berheide, Ph.D. the society has over 300 chapters at colleges SW 334. SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE WITH Assistant Professors: John Brueggemann, Ph.D.; and universities throughout the world, includ- GROUPS, ORGANIZATIONS, AND Susan Walzer, Ph.D.; Rory M. McVeigh, Ph.D.; ing the Alpha Beta of New York chapter at COMMUNITIES 3 David Karp, Ph.D. Skidmore. The eligibility requirements for An overview of different approaches to community/ membership in Alpha Kappa Delta include: social action and planned social change with large Visiting Assistant Professors: Michelle Napierski- (1) a demonstrated interest in sociology, systems. Attention is given to the nature of social Prancl, Ph.D.; Joanne E. Reger, Ph.D. (2) completion of at least four sociology power, to the structure of society and community, to courses, (3) a grade-point average of 3.2 or the structure and dynamics of social groups, and to Sociology is the scientific study of the way higher in sociology, and (4) a cumulative varying approaches to effecting change within differ- groups are organized, how they function, how grade-point average of 3.0 or higher in all ent sized groups. Voluntarism and voluntary action in they change, and how they influence human college courses. the social services, methods for facilitating citizen behavior. The sociology curriculum analyzes participation in service delivery and policy formula- both small-scale social interaction and large- THE SOCIOLOGY MINOR: The sociology tion, and means for building organizational structure scale social structures. The sociology major are considered. Prerequisite: SW212, 222, and minor must successfully complete at least six permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. C. Sofka includes course work both in social theory and courses in sociology or sociology-anthropol- in research methods and statistics. Seniors ogy, including at least two courses at the 300 SW 338. SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIAL carry out empirical research projects in the level. One of the six courses must be SO226, JUSTICE 3 Senior Seminar offered each fall. A sociology 227, 324, or 325. Any student wishing to minor The study of social policy, welfare program planning major prepares students for graduate educa- in sociology should apply to the department and social service implementation, evaluation, and tion in sociology, law, business, criminal jus- chair for acceptance and for assignment to a analysis. Included are reviews of selected policies on tice, social work, urban planning, and other faculty advisor who will assist the student in federal, state, and local levels. The course introduces fields requiring knowledge of social science as constructing a program of study. Students are students to the concept of social policy and fosters an well as for careers in teaching, research, encouraged to declare the sociology minor by understanding of how policy is developed and ana- business, law, and other professional fields the end of the junior year. lyzed, particularly in regard to issues of political related to the graduate programs cited. Most power and distribution of resources for social ser- importantly, though, a sociology major enables SO 101. SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES 3 vices. The course emphasizes major policy options students to become aware of social forces The basic concepts and principles of major socio- facing social services and the connection between affecting their lives, thereby increasing their logical perspectives. Attention is given to how these such policy options and programming and implemen- perspectives have been developed and used by tation strategies. Prerequisite: SW222 or permission competence in dealing critically and construc- tively with personal as well as public issues. social scientists to explain social phenomena. of instructor. J. Azzarto Recommended as an introduction to the discipline. THE SOCIOLOGY MAJOR: The sociology (Meets society-A component of breadth requirement.) SW 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 The Department Individual reading and/or research in social work major must successfully complete ten courses under the guidance of a member of the department. in sociology, including SO101, 226, 227, 324 SO 201. SOCIAL ISSUES 3 Open with consent of the department to qualified or 325, and 375. SO226, 227, and 324 or 325 Analysis of the social roots and dimensions of major students. Individual conferences to be arranged. should all be taken before the end of the junior social issues such as crime, the environment, in- The Department year. SO375 is taken in the fall of the senior equality, sexual orientation, gender, employment, and year. Sociology-anthropology courses may be substance abuse. The course also includes critical SW 381. SOCIAL WORK FIELD PRACTICUM taken for either sociology or anthropology examination of current policies for dealing with these SEMINAR 3 credit, but not both. issues. (Meets society-A component of breadth Provides discussion and analysis of practicum- requirement.) D. Karp related experiences and professional issues. A major THE SOCIOLOGY-ANTHROPOLOGY purpose of the seminars is the development of SO 202. THE INDIVIDUAL IN SOCIETY 3 professional judgment through examination of cases MAJOR: Students who major in sociology- anthropology must successfully complete a A social psychological explanation of the behavior and practice situations encountered in field instruc- of individuals as it influences and is influenced by tion. Prerequisites: all required social work courses minimum of seven courses in sociology and seven courses in anthropology, including the social and cultural environment. The course and permission of instructor. Open only to social work uses a conceptual orientation known as “symbolic SO101; either AN101, 103, or 105; either majors. Non-liberal arts. J. Azzarto or M. Tacardon interactionism.” Symbolic interactionists assume that AN326, 327, SO226, or 227; either SO324, the key elements in the social environment are the SW 382. SOCIAL WORK FIELD PRACTICUM 9 325, or AN270; and either SO375 or AN366. symbols and understandings possessed by people in Thirty-five hours per week spent in social service Courses listed under sociology-anthropology a group. (Meets society-A component of breadth agencies and related organizations in Saratoga may be taken for either sociology or anthro- requirement.) S. Walzer County and the surrounding area. Specific place- pology credit, but not both. ments made according to academic interests and SO 203. FEMININITY AND MASCULINITY 3 needs of individual students. Prerequisites: all re- INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJORS: In An analysis of the behaviors and social processes quired social work courses and permission of instruc- conjunction with the relevant departments, the underlying the femininity and masculinity of persons. tor. Offered only to social work majors. Non-liberal Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and The course examines biological factors associated arts. J. Azzarto or M. Tacardon Social Work offers majors in economics- with femininity and masculinity, children’s acquisition sociology, government-sociology, and psychol- of feminine and masculine identities, transsexualism, ogy-sociology. See Interdepartmental Majors, symbolic representations of maleness and female- page 142. ness, sexuality, and relationships between males and females. (Meets society-A component of breadth requirement.) S. Walzer 135 SO 206. COMMUNITIES 3 SO 225. QUANTIFYING WOMEN 3 SO 304. SOCIOLOGY OF EMOTIONS 3 Comparative analysis of different types of communi- An introduction to the empirical study of changes in Analysis of how human emotions influence and are ties and their relationships to each other—from rural women’s experiences in areas such as work, family, influenced by the social and cultural environment. towns and communes to the crowded metropolis. health, religion, and politics. The diversity of women’s The course examines the physiological and social Prerequisite: SO101 or permission of instructor. attitudes, behaviors, and experiences in the United psychological components of human emotion, the W. Fox States are explored using the logic and mathematics crosscultural and historical variability of emotions, of social research. Students use microcomputers and emotional socialization and the emotional aspects of SO 208. SOCIAL INEQUALITY 3 statistical software to analyze sociological data sets social interaction, relationships and institutions. Analysis of social classes, power, and status groups, that investigate a series of issues related to women, Prerequisite: SO101 and one other social science and their origins and functions, within a historical, such as the gender gap in politics, pay differences course. S. Walzer comparative, and contemporary framework. Pre- between men and women, and attitudes toward requisite: SO101 or permission of instructor. abortion rights. Prerequisite: QR1. (Fulfills QR2 SO 305. SOCIOLOGY OF FOLKLORE 3 J. Brueggemann requirement.) C. Berheide Analysis of the social context of folklore, with special emphasis on contemporary American folklore. Social SO 210. MEDICAL SOCIOLOGY 3 SO 226. SOCIAL RESEARCH ANALYSIS 3 scientific theories of folklore, the social bases and A study of disease and the sick person including the Examination of quantitative analysis in the social dynamics of folk groups, folklore and processes of epidemiology of disease, an analysis of health research process. This course involves the study social change, and folklore research methodologies. practices, beliefs, and practitioners, the hospital as and application of statistics for solving problems in Prerequisite: two social science courses. W. Fox an organization, and the cost, financing, and politics the social sciences. Students use computers as tools of health care. Prerequisite: SO101 or permission of for social research as they analyze sociological data SO 306. SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION 3 instructor. The Department sets. Prerequisites: QR1 and two courses in the An examination of the sources, meanings, and social sciences, or permission of instructor. (Fulfills implications of religious phenomena. This course SO 212. SOCIOLOGY OF WORK AND QR2 requirement.) W. Fox explores myth, ritual, and symbol in social contexts OCCUPATIONS 3 with special consideration for the contemporary An analysis of the nature and conditions of work and SO 227. SOCIAL RESEARCH DESIGN 3 American scene. Attention is given to religious the relationship between work and the individual Examination of methods employed in the investiga- evolution in the light of social modernization; how worker. Issues covered include the meaning of work tion of sociological problems. This course analyzes religious organizations are related to other social and leisure, alienation, and job satisfaction. Selected the research process as an integral whole including institutions will also be considered. Prerequisite: occupations and professions are considered in terms political and ethical issues in conducting research. SO101 or instructor’s permission. J. Brueggemann of such factors as their social origins, how the occu- Topics include conceptualization, measurement pation became a profession, typical career patterns, approaches, design of surveys, and methods of and social characteristics of members. Discrimination interviewing and observation. Students design SO 311. DEVELOPMENT AND REGULATION on the basis of sex, race, education, and social class studies using various methodological techniques. OF THE MASS MEDIA 3 are examined. Prerequisite: SO101 or permission of Prerequisite: Two courses in the social sciences or An examination of the development and regulation of instructor. C. Berheide permission of instructor. S. Walzer mass media. The first part of the course focuses upon sociological theories of mass communication. SO 217. THE FAMILY 3 SO 251. SPECIAL TOPICS IN SOCIOLOGY 3 The second part of the course explores specific An analysis of the family as a social institution, its An examination at the intermediate level of special topics concerning the relationship of regulation and structures, and functions. Variations in American topics, methods, and areas in sociology, such as communication including obscenity, libel, privacy, family types, by social class, race, ethnicity, etc., are population dynamics, collective behavior, juvenile advertising and broadcasting, and media access to considered. The roles of marriage partners, parents, justice system, and social control. Specific topics to courts in the United States. Prerequisite: SO101 or and children are studied. Changes in the American vary by instructor and semester. The course, in a permission of instructor. The Department family are examined. Prerequisite: SO101 or permis- different subject area, may be repeated for credit. sion of instructor. S. Walzer Prerequisite: SO101 or instructor’s permission. SO 312. MODERN ORGANIZATIONS 3 The Department Analysis of modern organizations using theories of SO 218. ETHNICITY AND INEQUALITY 3 bureaucracy. Issues covered include formal and Examination of the emergence and maintenance of SO 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN informal structure, functions and dysfunctions, the ethnic identities such as African American, Hispanic SOCIOLOGY 3 or 6 tension between democracy and hierarchy within American, Italian American, and Jewish American. Internship opportunity for students whose curricular complex organizations. The behavior of individuals in This course analyzes the dynamics of relations foundations and cocurricular experience have pre- organizations is examined in relation to the groups among ethnic communities with special attention to pared them for professional work related to sociology. within which they interact and the organization’s issues related to inequality. Prerequisite: SO101 With faculty sponsorship and department approval, structure. Specific organizations including factories, or permission of instructor. students may extend their educational experience public agencies, corporations, and total institutions J. Brueggemann, R. McVeigh through internships in human service agencies, the are considered. Prerequisite: SO101 or permission of criminal justice system, business, governmental, and instructor. C. Berheide SO 220. SOCIOLOGY OF CITIES AND TOWNS 3 other formal organizations, community groups, and Sociological study of urban places ranging from small related areas. Prerequisite: SO101. Non-liberal arts. SO 313. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS 3 towns to large metropolitan areas. Topics include The Department Analysis of social institutions as interrelated com- development of cities, historical and crosscultural plexes of social structure, social behavior, and social variations in cities, uses of urban space, and pro- SO 302. SOCIOLOGY OF EVERYDAY LIFE 3 meaning. This course focuses on relationships cesses by which people create urban environments An analysis of the patterns of thought, emotion, and between individuals and such institutional patterns that in turn affect social behavior and relationships. behavior which constitute our everyday social life. as religion, economy, and education. Although the Prerequisite: SO101 or permission of instructor. The course examines common-sense reasoning, the course emphasizes current institutional patterns W. Fox complex skills involved in everyday social action, the in the United States, it also uses historical and ways in which these skills are acquired, and the crosscultural examples to illuminate how such pat- SO 222. POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY 3 organization of interpersonal encounters. Other terns are culturally embedded. Prerequisite: Two Focus upon the causes and consequences of power approaches to the study of human experience are sociology courses. The Department distributions within and between societies and the compared and contrasted to the sociological study of factors leading to stable or changing allocations of everyday life. Prerequisite: SO202 or permission of SO 314. DEVIANCE 3 power. Some concepts to be considered: state and instructor. The Department Three major sociological explanations of deviant civil society; the structure, distribution, operation, and behavior—the cultural, structural, and labeling conflict over power; ruling class; class struggle; SO 303. SOCIOLOGY OF POPULAR perspectives—applied to a variety of forms of deviant pluralism; democracy — formal and/or substantive. CULTURE 3 behavior (drug addiction, delinquency, mental illness, Prerequisite: SO 101 or permission of instructor. Analysis of sociological bases, impact, and implica- prostitution, etc. ). The specific types of deviant R. McVeigh tions of popular culture. Social bases of taste behavior to be considered will vary from semester to cultures and publics. Interrelationships of popular semester. Prerequisite: SO101 or permission of culture, major social institutions, and social change. instructor. D. Karp 136 Prerequisite: two social science courses. W. Fox SB 315. WORK, FAMILY, AND SO 324. THE DEVELOPMENT OF SA 355. LANGUAGE IN SOCIETY 3 ORGANIZATIONS 3 SOCIOLOGICAL THOUGHT 3 Examination of the varied aspects of the social The analysis of various white-collar and blue-collar Analysis of the philosophical foundations, central organization of language using techniques from occupations and their relationship to work and family principles, and historical development of sociological sociological, anthropological, psychological, and life. Topics include the changing nature of work; theory from its origins in late 19th century Europe to linguistic theory. Special attention is given to regional, professionalization; working within organizations; and the present. The course critically examines the social, and individual variation; nonstandard dialects occupational socialization, careers, and mobility. sociological theories of Marx, Durkheim, Weber, and and their social impact; the relationship of language, Prerequisite: SO101 or BU224 or permission of Mead and their relationship to a number of more thought, and culture; the role of language in socializa- instructor. C. Berheide contemporary social theories. Prerequisite: SO101 tion and in the maintenance of social structures; and and two other social science courses. the type and extent of cultural variation in language SO 316. WOMEN IN MODERN SOCIETY 3 J. Brueggemann use. Prerequisite: SO101 or AN101 or permission of An interdisciplinary examination of the changing instructor. J. Devine social status of women in the United States since SO 325. CONTEMPORARY SOCIAL THEORY 3 World War II using theoretical perspectives primarily An examination of contemporary social theories such SO 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 from sociology and economics. The course analyzes as functionalism, symbolic interactionism, conflict and Individual reading and/or research in sociology under the intersection of race, class, and gender in women’s social exchange theory. In addition, recent theoretical the guidance of a member of the department. Open lives. Particular emphasis is placed on women’s roles trends in sociology such as the feminist and environ- with the consent of the department to qualified as workers and such economic issues as occupational mental perspectives, and the biosocial and humanist students. Individual conferences to be arranged. segregation and unequal pay. Prerequisite: SO101 approaches are discussed. Prerequisite: SO101 and The Department or WS101 or permission of instructor. C. Berheide two courses in the social sciences or permission of instructor. J. Brueggemann, R. McVeigh SO 375. SENIOR SEMINAR IN SOCIOLOGY 3 SO 317. CRIMINOLOGY 3 A research practicum in which students draw on their Analysis of the criminal justice system, related SO 328. SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND acquired knowledge of the discipline to develop issues, and policy debates. Topics include defini- COLLECTIVE ACTION 3 independent research projects. Students writing the tions, theories, and measures of crime, as well as An exploration of the causes and consequences of Senior Thesis may, with the approval of the instructor various types of crime, including violent, property, social movements and episodes of collective action. and thesis advisor, begin thesis research in the professional, and public-order crimes. Prerequisite: Many people are dissatisfied with existing economic, Seminar. Prerequisites: SO101; SO226, PS217, or SO101 or permission of instructor. D. Karp political or social arrangements, yet relatively few EC237; SO227 or PS306; and SO324 or 325; or individuals attempt to bring about social change by permission of the instructor. Open only to sociology SO 318. LABELING SOCIAL PROBLEMS 3 participating in organized social protest. What is it majors and sociology interdepartmental majors. An examination of how and why some conditions that differentiates those who participate from those The Department receive public attention as “social problems” and who do not? In this course we will be approaching others do not. This course uses a social construction- this central question from a variety of theoretical SO 376. SENIOR THESIS IN SOCIOLOGY 3 ist framework to examine topics such as the cognitive, perspectives. Movements as diverse as the civil Independent research leading to a thesis examining a emotional, and moral dimensions of social problems; rights movement and the Ku Klux Klan will be exam- sociological question in depth. Students work under the meaning and importance of values, interests, ined. Prerequisite: SO101. R. McVeigh the direction of a thesis advisor and a second reader. rhetoric, and claims-making in producing social Required of candidates for department honors. problem designations; and the ongoing interpretive SO 331. WOMEN IN GLOBAL ECONOMY 3 Prerequisite: SO375 and permission of instructor. activities that sustain social problem designations. A comparative analysis of women’s roles in global Open only to sociology majors and sociology inter- Prerequisite: Two sociology courses. economy. The course considers both how global departmental majors. The Department The Department economic transformations are affecting women and how women affect these processes. Key topics SO 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN SO 321. AMERICAN SOCIAL CHANGES 3 include the effect of economic development on SOCIOLOGY 3, 6, or 9 An examination of the structure and process of social women’s participation in various forms of economic Internship experience at the advanced level for change by comparing changes in several areas, such activity, including agriculture, micro enterprises, juniors and seniors with substantial academic and as economic structure and relations, race, gender, manufacturing, and on gender relations in families cocurricular experience related to sociology. With urban community, education, the state. The specific throughout the world, with particular emphasis on faculty sponsorship and department approval, stu- historical periods covered in the course will vary countries in the Southern Hemisphere. National and dents may extend their educational experience according to the changes under consideration. regional emphasis may vary among and within Latin through internships in human service agencies, the American social changes will be addressed from a America, Asia, and Africa. Prerequisite: SO101 or criminal justice system, business, governmental, and variety of theoretical perspectives within sociology, WS101. C. Berheide other formal organizations, community groups, and including Marxist and other conflict approaches, related areas. Prerequisite: nine credit hours in world-systems, functionalist, cultural, and social- SO 340. SOCIOLOGY OF CONFLICT 3 sociology. Non-liberal arts. The Department psychological perspectives. Prerequisite: SO101 and Conflict is viewed as a continuing and ubiquitous two other social science courses or permission of process in society. Attention is focused on the con- instructor. W. Fox, R. McVeigh flicts between groups, rather than between individu- als, or the conflict within the individual, i.e., mental SO 322. ENVIRONMENTAL SOCIOLOGY 3 conflict. The object of the course is the tracing of Examination of the impact of human societies on their common patterns of conflict reaction, and not the physical environment and of physical environments determination of who is (or was) right or wrong in any on human societies. This course explores sociologi- particular episodes examined. Prerequisite: SO101 or cal perspectives on environmental issues as well as permission of instructor. The Department the history of the environmental movement in the United States. This course emphasizes the political SO 351. ADVANCED SPECIAL TOPICS IN economy of consumption, production and regulation, SOCIOLOGY 3 and the relative effects of technology, social change, An examination at the advanced level of special and social organization on environmental degrada- topics, methods, and areas in sociology. Specific tion. Specific topics include the resource scarcity, topics vary by instructor and semester. The course in pollution, fossil fuel dependence, disasters, and risk a different subject area may be repeated for credit. assessment. Prerequisite: SO101 or permission of Prerequisite: SO101 or permission of instructor. instructor. D. Karp The Department

137 AREAS OF CONCENTRATION: The following TH 334. SPECIAL STUDIES IN THEATER Theater is a recommended sequence of study in each HISTORY AND THEORY † 3 area. An in depth examination of a specific topic drawn from the related fields of history and theory. Topics Chair of the Department of Theater: Gautam Acting: TH104, 101 or 102, 198, 203, 204, might include a specific period or trend in theater Dasgupta, M.F.A. 211 or 298, 303 or 304. history (for example, the avant-garde) or key artists Directing: TH104, 203, 204, 231, 332, 375. (for example, women in the American theater) or Professors: Gautam Dasgupta, M.F.A.; exploration of theater in relationship to other arts or Carolyn Anderson, M.A. Design and Technical Theater: TH216, 228 media (for example, from theater to film) or writing or 238, 337, 305; AR 103, 105. about performance and art. Prerequisite: permission Associate Professor: Lary Opitz, B.A. (member HONORS: Departmental honors are based on of instructor. C. Anderson and G. Dasgupta of United Scenic Artists) a quality point average of 3.5 in all major Artists-in-Residence: Alma Becker; *Philip courses, satisfactory completion of “Senior TH 341. THE AMERICAN THEATER: Soltanoff, B.A.; Scott Feldsher, B.A. Project” (TH376), and high quality work on CRITICAL ISSUES 3 An intensive study of key themes and issues in the other departmental projects. Lecturers: *Patricia Culbert, M.F.A.; *Barbara development of the American theater and their direct Opitz, M.A.; Patricia Pawliczak, B.S.; David relation to evolving concerns and practices in the Yergan, B.S.; *Garrett Wilson, B.A. INTERDEPARTMENTAL MAJOR: In conjunc- contemporary theater. Discussions and readings will tion with the Department of Exercise Science, focus on such topics as, the American theater’s quest Theater Manager, Technical Director: David Dance, and Athletics, the Theater Department for realism and its affects on contemporary casting Yergan, B.S. offers a major in dance-theater. See Inter- and production; the relationship of the American Theater Management Coordinator: Joan Lane departmental Majors, page 142. theater to experimentation on Broadway to Off-Off Costume Manager: Patricia Pawliczak, B.S. Broadway; decentralization of the American theater Assistant Technical Director, Garett Wilson, B.A. THE THEATER MINOR: A minor in theater is from New York to regional theater, and economic and Dance Theater Advisor: Isabel H. Brown, M.S., available for students interested in a general social life as it relates to the American theater. Associate Professor of Dance education in theater but not necessarily inten- Recommended preparations: TH103, 229 or 230 or sive training in a single concentration. Twenty- permission of instructor. The Theater Department offers an opportunity five semester hours are required: TH103, 129, C. Anderson and G. Dasgupta to pursue a serious study of the theater arts 231, 235, 250; one of the following courses: within a liberal arts setting. Courses within TH 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 229, 230, 341; one additional course in theater Independent study and production projects under the the department afford training in the basic beyond the introductory level; and two courses guidance of the department. Hours to be arranged. demands of the discipline—physical and vocal in dramatic literature. Prerequisite: permission of department. This course control, technique in acting and directing, tech- may or may not be credited in liberal arts, at the nical and design skills—as well as the opportu- Those students interested in combining a discretion of both the department chair and the nity for advanced study, practical production study of theater with art, dance, literature, or registrar (and, in exceptional instances, the Curricu- experience, and off-campus internships. The music should consult with the Theater Depart- lum Committee of the College). The Department liberal arts requirements help the student to ment and their advisors in the formulation of a understand the moral, intellectual, and political self-determined major. context in which any artist practices. PERFORMANCE

All theater majors take certain basic courses in THEORY, HISTORY, AND PLAYWRITING TH 101. VOICE AND SPEECH IN THE THEATER 2 each of the department’s areas of study. For The student will learn voice-production techniques the best possible training, students in the TH 103. INTRODUCTION TO THEATER 3 and theories principally for the actor. This course upper divisions are urged to concentrate in An introduction to the art of the theater that seeks to seeks to develop a free and natural speaking voice in performance, directing, or design and technical answer the question, “Why theater?” Topics will the student and will provide the fundamentals of natural voice placement. Extensive exercises in theater. Students with specific interests that include: analysis of significant play texts, examination of theater structures, forms and styles, and study of breathing, support, resonance, flexibility, and projec- fall outside these concentrations may develop tion will be learned toward the development of a a specialized course of study in consultation responsibilities of the theater artist within the context of collaboration and production. (Fulfills arts-B personal vocal warm-up. (Fulfills arts-A component of with their advisors and the department. Such breadth requirement.) P. Culbert interest might include playwriting, special component of breadth requirement.) C. Anderson, L. Opitz, and the Department studies in dramatic theory and criticism, TH 104. INTRODUCTION TO ACTING 3 theater management, or arts administration. TH 229, 230. THEATER AND CULTURE I, II 3, 3 The student is exposed to exercises designed to free TH 229: Theatrical Foundations: the imagination through improvisation and theater THE THEATER MAJOR: Requirements for a Classical to 1800; TH 230: Genesis of games. Secondarily, training is offered in the basic major in theater are: Theatrical Modernisms: Nineteenth skills of physical and vocal mastery, analytical insight and Twentieth Centuries into the text, and the ability to synthesize techniques, 1. The following eight courses: TH103, 129, so that the student may acquire discipline in each 229, 230, 231, 250, 235, and 335. A study of major periods of Western theater which explores how theater’s components—plays, acting, area. Prerequisite: TH 103. (Fulfills arts-A component 2. At least two courses in dramatic literature: design, theory, management—combine to express an of breadth requirement.) A. Becker, P. Soltanoff EN215, 339, 343, 345, 346, 359; FF318; idea of theater that reflects its culture’s dominant FG356; FS 321; or CL222. Other courses values. Architecture, painting, sculpture, music, and TH 198. MOVEMENT FOR THE THEATER † 2 may be acceptable with permission of the dance—the constituent arts of the theater—will be Physical training for the actor-performer taught from department. examined both within and outside the theatrical varying points of view depending on the instructor. context to explore the aesthetic, socioeconomic, and Work in this course might include physical training, 3. Eighteen additional semester hours in the political values that shape a culture’s idea of theater. dance for actors, mime, stage combat, circus tech- Theater Department. (Fulfills arts-B component of breadth requirement.) niques. Instructors also direct students in the devel- G. Dasgupta opment of a personal, physical warm-up. This course may be repeated for a maximum of eight semester TH 325. PLAYWRITING 3 hours. Non-liberal arts. (Fulfills visual and performing A workshop course in the making of theater scripts in arts requirement; qualifies as an arts-A course for preparation for public readings. This course may be breadth requirement.) B. Opitz repeated once for credit. Prerequisite: permission of instructor. C. Anderson and Guest Playwrights † This course may be repeated for credit at the 138 discretion of the department TH 203. INTERMEDIATE ACTING 3 DIRECTING TH 228. STAGE LIGHTING 3 Emphasis on deepening of the actor’s imagination, A study of the theory, equipment, and technique concentration, awareness, and presence through TH 231. DIRECTING FOR THE THEATER 3 involved in stage lighting. Topics include optics, rigorous physical improvisation. Students experience An intensive introduction to the craft of directing for vision, electricity, color, aesthetics, and design the integration of physical improvisation with textual the stage. The fundamentals of script analysis and procedures. This course consists of lectures, working work as the semester progresses. Students are interpretation, and production research and prepara labs, and assigned responsibilities on Skidmore exposed to a variety of theatrical approaches. Pre- tion will be explored in a seminar setting, while the Theater productions. Non-liberal arts. (Fulfills arts-A requisites: TH101 or 198, and TH104. Corequisites: studio will be the laboratory for developing clear lines component of breadth requirement.) L. Opitz TH101 or 198, or permission of instructor. Non-liberal of action and the world of play through composition, arts. P. Soltanoff and the Department picturization, and improvisation, as well as exploring TH 238. COSTUME DESIGN 3 the collaborative process with actors and designers. A studio course in the principles and practice of stage TH 204. INTERMEDIATE ACTING 3 By semester’s end students will be prepared to costume design, including an historical survey of Through textual analysis, object exercises, and scene undertake the staging of a workshop production. clothes, moral conventions, and theatrical costume. work, students experience the development of a role Prerequisites: TH103, 129, and permission of instruc- The process of design development from concept to through the exploration of text and its relationship to tor. C. Anderson, A. Becker, or P. Soltanoff completed plates will be encountered through a the body in space. Students will develop their ability series of assigned projects. Offered every other fall to read theatrical texts as they plan for their spatial, TH 332. ADVANCED DIRECTING 3 semester. Prerequisite: TH129. Alternates with rhythmic and emotional work as performers. Students An exploration of the director’s interpretive task TH337 in fall semester. Non-liberal arts. P. Pawliczak are exposed to a variety of theatrical approaches. through the process of conceptualization and design Prerequisites: TH101 or 198, and TH104. Corequi- with various play and production styles. Designed as TH 305, 306. SPECIAL STUDIES IN DESIGN AND sites: TH101 or 198, or permission of instructor. Non- an advancement of the skills and knowledge acquired TECHNICAL THEATER † 3, 3 liberal arts. P. Soltanoff and the Department in TH231, special emphasis is placed on the collabo- A series of specialized and advanced level courses in rative process. Interpretive and formal skills are design and technical theater. The opportunities TH 211. VOICE FOR THE ACTOR 2 shaped in such studio projects as the collaboration offered in a particular production season, the exper- Students explore the power of language through the with a playwright to stage a reading or an original tise of available visiting artists, and the needs of reading of prose and verse. Exercises learned in this script, and shaping through improvisation with an qualified students will determine the offering(s) each course continue to move the student toward a cen- acting ensemble an unscripted performance. Not term. Permission of instructor required. tered, natural placement of the instrument, and the open to first-year students. Prerequisite: TH231 and A. Scenic Painting D. Scenic Projection development of standard non-regional speech, permission of instructor. Recommended: TH129. B. Make-up E. Advanced Scenic Design articulation, and flexibility. Introductory tools are Non-liberal arts. P. Soltanoff, A. Becker, C. Anderson C. Costume F. Advanced Lighting learned in the reading of verse and standard dialect Construction Design work. Rehearsal-specific warm-up programs are TH 333. THE DIRECTOR AS COLLABORATIVE G.Advanced Costume developed with students and used regularly. Written ARTIST 3 Design evaluations, critiques, and observations by the An advanced seminar course stressing the relation- Non-liberal arts. Offered every term. student are assigned to increase awareness of the ship of the director’s insights to the insights and work L. Opitz, P. Pawliczak, D. Yergan, and Guest Artists voice and use of vocal vocabulary. Prerequisite: of actors, designers, stage managers, composers, TH101 or permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. and musicians. Students examine a variety of directo- TH 336. ADVANCED THEATER PRODUCTION 3 P. Culbert rial models and theories. Students also analyze their This course, structured on an individual basis, pro- own collaborative efforts and directorial strategies in vides leadership experience in the areas of stage TH 298. ADVANCED MOVEMENT FOR THE various workshop productions. Prerequisite: TH230 management, properties, sound, and technical THEATER 2 or 231, or permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. direction. Theories and strategies are studied, then A course designed for the acting-concentration G. Dasgupta or the Department applied to work on a major production assignment. student. This course builds on skills developed in Prerequisite: TH129 and permission of instructor. TH198 and deals more specifically with character and TH 375. ADVANCED DIRECTING Non-liberal arts. L. Opitz or D. Yergan style. Non-liberal arts. B. Opitz PRACTICUM † 3 Independent work on a theatrical production. Under TH 337. SCENIC DESIGN 3 TH 303. ACTING STYLES 3 faculty supervision, the student will choose, cast, and A studio course in advanced theories and practices Concentrated scene study from major periods in mount a dramatic work which will be presented to the of scenic design. Study and projects will involve the theatrical history. Emphasis on the knowledge and public. Prerequisite: TH332 and permission of depart- development of conceptual approaches, research, discovery of each particular period through the study ment. Recommended: TH333. Non-liberal arts. sketches, and preservation techniques. Students will and use of masks, costumes, and props. Prerequi- The Department serve as assistant designers on Skidmore Theater sites: TH203, 204 or permission of instructor. Non- productions. Prerequisites TH129 and 216, or per- liberal arts. A. Becker mission of the instructor. Non-liberal arts. L. Opitz DESIGN AND TECHNICAL THEATER TH 304. SPECIAL STUDIES IN ACTING † 3 An open series of acting studies capable of ranging TH 129. DESIGN AND PRODUCTION 3 from Shakespearean scene study to musical comedy, An introduction to the principles and techniques of from Grotowski training to acting for the epic theater. theater production and design for the stage. Theater The specific area of study could be determined by the production is explored through the study of organ- opportunities of a particular production season, by ization, the physical plant, scenic construction, stage the training of a visiting artist, or by the interests of lighting, stage management, painting, and the use of faculty or a given group of students. May be repeated plans. Half of the course is devoted to investigating three times for credit. Prerequisites: TH203, 204 or the process by which the designer interprets plays permission of instructor. Non-liberal arts. A. Becker and develops effective designs. Students will fulfill a two hour lab requirement and will work on at least one Skidmore Theater production. Theater majors are required to complete this course by the end of the sophomore year. Prerequisite: TH103. D. Yergan

TH 216. THEATER GRAPHICS 3 A studio course which explores the graphic tech- niques involved in theater design and technology. Topics include drawing, painting, drafting, and model- making. Non-liberal arts. (Fulfills arts-A component of breadth requirement.) L. Opitz

139 PRODUCTION TH 376. SENIOR PROJECT † 3 This course provides a culminating experience for the Women’s Studies TH 235. THE SKIDMORE THEATER theater major. In consultation with faculty, each COMPANY 1 student will submit a project proposal during the Participation for theater majors and nonmajors junior year. Projects should be based upon the Director of the Women’s Studies Program: interested in theater production. Each company student’s past work and provide an appropriate next Patricia Rubio, Ph.D. challenge for the student’s development as a theater member will acquire a breadth of training across all Faculty areas of theatrical production, as well as make artist. Projects will be supervised by an appropriate essential contributions to the ongoing work of the faculty member. Possible projects include: American Studies: Wilma Hall, Mary Lynn, company. All company members are a part of the a. Preparing a thesis (research paper, design Joanna Schneider Zangrando production process from concept to design to execu- project, etc. Art and Art History: Lisa Aronson, Katherine tion and evaluation. This course may be repeated for b. Performing in a seminar or faculty directed Hauser, Penny Jolly a maximum of six semester hours. Non-liberal arts. studio production Classics: Leslie Mechem D. Yergan and the Department c. Directing a studio production Economics: Sandy Baum d. Designing a studio or seminar production English: Barbara Black, Joanne Devine, TH 250. PRODUCTION SEMINAR † 3 e. Serving in one of a number of approved production positions such as general manager, Catherine Golden, Charlotte Goodman, All students enrolled in this course will have major Sarah Webster Goodwin, Kate Greenspan, responsibilities on the Skidmore Theater seminar production manager, technical director, etc. Students Susan Kress, Phyllis Roth production to be presented near the end of the unable to accomplish projects due to the casting or semester. In addition to fulfilling specific production nature of available production will revise proposal Exercise Science, Dance, and Athletics: Mary responsibilities, all students will participate in a during the senior year. Prerequisites: TH250; DiSanto-Rose weekly seminar class through which the production senior status as a theater major; senior minors may Foreign Languages and Literatures: Lynne work will be synthesized with the liberal arts. These participate with permission of department. Gelber, Patricia Rubio, Shirley Smith, seminars will deal with the study of pertinent theatri- The Department Adrienne Zuerner, Viviana Rangil cal, literary, philosophical, social, political, and Government: Pat Ferraioli economic aspects of the play. This course may be TH 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN Library: Ruth Copans repeated for credit at the discretion of the depart- THEATER 3, 6, or 9 Music: Deborah Rohr ment. Prerequisite: permission of department. Non- Professional experience at an advanced level for Philosophy and Religion: Joel Smith, Mary liberal arts. (Fulfills arts-A component of breadth juniors and seniors with substantial academic and Zeiss Stange cocurricular experience in the major field. With faculty requirement.) The Department Psychology: Joan Douglas, Holley Hodgins sponsorship and department approval, students may extend their educational experience into such areas Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work: TH 299. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN Susan Bender, Catherine White Berheide, THEATER 3 or 6 as stage managing; lighting; scenic design and Gerald Erchak, Jill Sweet, Susan Walzer Internship opportunity for students whose curricular construction; costume design, construction, and foundations and cocurricular experience have pre- restoration; sound design and implementation; acting; Theater: Carolyn Anderson pared them for professional work related to the major directing; and theater management and promotion. field. With faculty sponsorship and department Prerequisite: student must have completed all inter- THE WOMEN’S STUDIES MAJOR: Women’s approval, students may extend their educational mediate level theater courses appropriate to the area studies is an interdisciplinary academic field experience into such areas as stage managing; of the internship and be recommended by an instruc- that draws on feminist theories and scholarship lighting; scene design and construction; costume tor in the chosen area of study. The Department by and/or about women to analyze the experi- design, construction, and restoration; sound design ences, perspectives, and contributions of and implementation; acting; directing; and theater women and systems of gender relations in management and promotion. Prerequisite: one of the various cultural settings and time periods. following courses pertinent to the chosen area of the The women’s studies major is a multi- internship: TH103, 129, 231, 228, or 235, or 335. disciplinary program that involves students in the exploration of topics such as the social TH 335. THE SKIDMORE THEATER construction of gender, women’s historical and COMPANY 2 contemporary experiences, and their roles Participation for theater majors and nonmajors interested in theater production. Advanced level work within various societies. is usually: working as a designer, as a director, performing in a substantial role, in a leadership Completion of the major strengthens students’ capacity or specialist on crews or management preparation for further work in fields including areas. All company members are a part of the pro- women’s studies, law, public and international duction process from concept to design to execution affairs, social sciences, the humanities, com- and evaluation. This course may be repeated for a munications, and the arts. Through the major, maximum of four semester hours. (Normally this students also gain a foundation for under- course is only open to seniors.) Prerequisite: TH235. standing the social, intellectual, and political Non-liberal arts. D. Yergan and the Department forces that shape their personal and profes- sional lives. The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree.

† This course may be repeated for credit at the discretion of the department

140 Students majoring in women’s studies must Women’s Studies Curriculum WS 101. INTRODUCTION TO WOMEN’S successfully complete ten courses in women’s STUDIES 3 studies, including: AH 369. WOMEN IN THE VISUAL ARTS An introduction to the origins, purpose, subject AH 376. E. COLLOQUIA IN ART HISTORY matters, and methods of women’s studies. Through I) An Introduction to Women’s Studies. This “Issues of Gender in African Art” an interdisciplinary investigation of the evolving body requirement may be fulfilled in one of three AM 340. WOMEN AND WORK IN AMERICA of scholarship by and about women, this course ways: AM 363. WOMEN IN AMERICAN CULTURE presents a survey of women’s social, psychological, 1. WS101: Introduction to Women’s AN 230. MARRIAGE AND THE FAMILY IN NON- historical, political, and cultural experiences. The goal Studies WESTERN CULTURES of the course is to help students develop a critical 2. LS II 038: Women’s Bodies, Women’s AN 351. TOPICS IN ANTHROPOLOGY framework for thinking about gender and sexuality, Minds “Kinship and Gender” with special attention to issues of class, race, and 3. In exceptional cases and only with AN 352. TOPICS IN ARCHAEOLOGY ethnicity. (Fulfills LS II and LS2 requirements.) permission of the director of the Women’s “Women in Prehistory” Studies Program, two entry-level courses in CL 365. TOPICS IN CLASSICAL STUDIES WS 201. FEMINIST THEORIES AND METHODOLOGIES 3 the women’s studies curriculum in different “Sex in the Ancient World” “Family in Antiquity” A critical exploration of the history, development, areas (social sciences, humanities, or the “Women in Antiquity” impact, and implications of feminist theory. Beginning sciences). Students who take this option must EC 351. WOMEN IN THE ECONOMY with seventeenth- and eighteenth-century proto- successfully complete eleven courses for the EN 208. LANGUAGE AND GENDER feminism, the course moves through the “first and major. EN 223. WOMEN AND LITERATURE second waves” of the women’s movement in the II) WS 201: Feminist Theories and Methodolo- EN 316. NINETEENTH-CENTURY NOVEL nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and looks toward gies. Prerequisite: WS101 or LS II 038. EN 360. WOMEN WRITERS the future through consideration of current trends in GO 223. CURRENT ISSUES IN PUBLIC POLICY feminist theory and method. Emphasis is placed on III) At least one course from the women’s GO 313. POLITICS OF CONTEMPORARY UNITED the crossdisciplinary nature of feminist inquiry, and studies curriculum including works by or about STATES SOCIAL MOVEMENTS the specific ways in which particular methodologies women of color or women from other cultures. GO 352. WOMEN AND THE LAW arise from or relate to specific theoretical positions. This category includes courses with a non- GO 353. SEX AND POWER Prerequisite: WS101 or LS II 038 or permission of Western focus (e.g., “Issues of Gender in GO 354. FEMINIST POLITICAL THOUGHT instructor. African Art,” “Latin American Women”) as well HI 362. TOPICS IN HISTORY: NON-WESTERN as those that deal centrally with culturally “Woman and Gender in Islam” WS 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY 3, 3 diverse groups within the United States. LS2 102. ROMANCE AND GENDER A program of individual reading and research under LS2 108. COMING OF AGE the direction of the women’s studies faculty. Prerequi- IV) Six additional courses in the women’s LS2 120. SEXUAL SCIENCE site: approval of the director of women’s studies. studies curriculum. Courses should reflect the LS2 136. UNITED STATES WOMEN interdisciplinary nature of women’s studies by ENTREPRENEURS WS 375. SENIOR SEMINAR IN WOMEN’S drawing from at least three different disci- LS2 140. CHANGES IN FAMILIES STUDIES 3 plines. Electives should be selected in consul- LS2 145. GENDER AND THE SCIENTIFIC Exploration of primary and secondary sources in the tation with the program director so as to PROCESS interdisciplinary examination of a particular theme or constitute both exploration and concentration. LS2 152. WOMEN AND MUSIC topic in women’s studies. The focus is on advanced A concentration, normally three courses at LS2 178. BORN IN AMERICA research, and close attention is paid to the develop- LS2 188. THE DEBATE ABOUT WOMEN IN THE ment, organization, and production of a major project. least one of which is at the 300 level, may be MIDDLE AGES Students will present their research to the seminar; designed to focus on a discipline, a theme, a LS II 038. WOMEN’S BODIES, WOMEN’S MINDS those intending to write an honors thesis will present time period, or an issue. LS II 045. THE FORGOTTEN HALF: LATIN their thesis proposals. Prerequisite: WS101 or V) Of the ten courses presented toward the AMERICAN WOMEN BEFORE AND LS II 038, and WS201. major, at least three must be 300-level AFTER SPANISH COLONIZATION courses. LS II 066. IMAGES OF LATINAS WS 376. SENIOR THESIS 3 LS III 014. WOMEN, CREATIVITY AND THE Independent study and research leading to a thesis VI) WS375: Senior Seminar in Women’s PERFORMING ARTS examining, from an interdisciplinary perspective, a Studies. Prerequisites: WS101 or LS II 038, LS III 042. IMAGES OF CONTEMPORARY ITALIAN topic relevant to women's studies. Students will work and WS201. WOMEN under the direction of a faculty advisor as well as a PS 331. PSYCHOLOGY OF WOMEN second reader. Open to women's studies majors HONORS: Students desiring honors in RE 205. WOMEN, RELIGION, AND SPIRITUALITY only, and required of candidates for program honors. women’s studies must meet the requisite RE 220. ENCOUNTERING THE GODDESS IN grade-point average and must complete a INDIA WS 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN senior thesis under the supervision of a SB 315. WORK, FAMILY, AND ORGANIZATIONS WOMEN’S STUDIES 3 Internship opportunity for students whose academic women’s studies faculty member. The thesis SO 203. FEMININITY AND MASCULINITY SO 217. THE FAMILY and cocurricular experience has prepared them for must be approved for honors by the Women’s SO 225. Quantifying Women professional work related to women’s studies. With Studies Advisory Board. SO 316. WOMEN IN MODERN SOCIETY faculty sponsorship and approval of the director of SO 331. WOMEN IN GLOBAL ECONOMY the Women’s Studies Program, students may extend THE WOMEN’S STUDIES MINOR: A minor TH 334. SPECIAL STUDIES IN THEATER their educational experience into such areas as consists of six courses (at least eighteen HISTORYAND THEORY counseling, education, crisis intervention, health care semester hours), including: “Women in American Theater” delivery, business and management, and other areas 1. WS101 or LS II 038 Women’s Bodies, WS 101. INTRODUCTION TO WOMEN'S STUDIES relevant to women’s studies. Academic assignments WS 201. FEMINIST THEORIES AND will be determined by the faculty sponsor in consulta- Women’s Minds METHODOLOGIES tion with the on-site supervisor. Prerequisites: Two 2. WS201: Feminist Theories and Methodolo- WS 371, 372. INDEPENDENT STUDY courses in women’s studies, at least one of which is gies. WS 375. SENIOR SEMINAR at the 200 or 300 level. 3. WS375: Senior Seminar in Women’s WS 376. SENIOR THESIS Studies. WS 399. PROFESSIONAL INTERNSHIP IN 4. Three additional courses chosen from the WOMEN’S STUDIES women’s studies curriculum. This list may be revised with the approval of the director as departments offer additional courses in women’s studies and as appropriate Liberal Studies courses become available. 141 BIOLOGY-PHILOSOPHY BUSINESS-GERMAN Interdepartmental Majors The major will complete a minimum of six The major requires sixteen courses, seven in courses in each department and a total of German and nine in business. In German fifteen courses in both. The courses chosen these include FG213, 214, 301, 376, and three BIOLOGY-CHEMISTRY from philosophy must include PH203, 204, and more German courses above FG202, at least The combined major in biology-chemistry has 375. Students seeking honors in the major one of which is at the 300 level. One FL been developed by the two departments to must complete either BI375 or PH376 in the course may be included. The major will also provide (1) the broad scientific background senior year with a grade of A- or better (these include: BU107, 205, 214, 224, 234, 235, 342, necessary for those students who wish to be will be counted toward the requisite total of 15 349, and EC237. To be considered for honors, research assistants in the many university, courses). Honors distinction also requires a the student must receive at least an A- in hospital, and industrial laboratories where positive recommendation from both depart- FG374 “Thesis,” to be written in German, problems in molecular biology-biochemistry ments. The major will have an advisor from which integrates the two disciplines and is are being investigated, (2) solid preparation each department, and the program must be acceptable to both departments. The major for graduate study in biology or biochemistry, approved by the chairs of both departments. leads to a bachelor of arts degree. (3) a broad cultural and scientific base as The biology-philosophy major leads to the preparation for medical school, and (4) a bachelor of arts degree. BUSINESS-GOVERNMENT balance of depth and breadth as preparation The major will complete a minimum of sixteen BIOLOGY-PSYCHOLOGY for teaching secondary school biology or courses, eight in business (BU107, 205, 214, general science. The major will complete a minimum of six 224, 234, 235, 342, 349) plus EC237 and The requirements for the biology-chemistry courses in each department. Biology courses seven in government (GO101, 103 and five major are: (1) a core curriculum consisting of must include BI190, 233, 236, and three 300- other courses chosen in consultation with the BI190, 237, 233, 236; CH105, 106; one level courses, one of which must be a physiol- government faculty advisor, at least two of course from among either BI375 (and BI377, ogy course (BI305 or 306), BI316, or 326. which shall be at the 300 level). To be eligible 378) or CH371, 372, 375; and (2) require- BI377 or 378 cannot substitute for these for honors, a student must have received at ments set up for one of the two programs courses. No more than one lab/field research least an A- on an honors research paper in a given below. opportunity (BI371 or 375) may substitute for a 300-level business or government course that required 300-level course. Psychology courses integrates the two disciplines. The major leads LABORATORY RESEARCH must include PS201, 216, 217, 304, 306 and to a bachelor of arts degree. Requirements: one other psychology course. CH105 and 106 1. core curriculum stated above are required. In the senior year, the student BUSINESS-MATHEMATICS may undertake a tutorial research project with 2. two additional 300-level courses in biology The following courses are required for the a research advisor chosen from either depart- (BI371, 372, 375, 377, 378, or 399 cannot major: BU107, 205, 214, 224, 234, 235, 342, ment and a thesis reader chosen from the be substituted for these courses) 349; MA111, 113, 200, 204; CS106; and one other department (see BI375 and PS375, 376 3. four additional courses in chemistry additional 300-level course in mathematics or course descriptions for requirements). Suc- computer science. In addition, the student 4. two further 300-level courses in biology cessful completion of a tutorial study is a re- must elect two other courses at the 300 level (excluding BI377, 378, or 399) or chemis- quirement for consideration for honors in the relating to this major and approved by the chair try, or a combination of the two major. An academic advisor is to be chosen of each department. To be eligible for honors, from each department upon entering the major. 5. at least two courses in college-level math- a student must have received at least an A- on The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. ematics and two courses in physics are a thesis that integrates the two disciplines and strongly recommended. is acceptable to both departments. The major BUSINESS-ECONOMICS will lead to a bachelor of arts degree. PREMEDICAL The requirements for a business-economics Requirements: major are: BU107, 205, 214, 224, 234, 235, BUSINESS-SPANISH 1. core curriculum stated above 342, 349, and one 300-level elective in busi- The major requires sixteen courses, seven in 2. two additional 300-level courses in biology ness; and EC103, 104, 235, 236, 237, and two Spanish and nine in business. In Spanish (BI371, 372, 375, 377, 378, or 399 cannot 300-level courses in economics. To be eligible these include FS211, 212, 301, 331, 332, 376 be substituted for these courses) for honors, a student must have received at and one other Spanish course at the 300 level lest an A- on a thesis which integrates the two 3. CH221, 222; 303; 332, or 341. MA111, or a course designated FL. The major will also disciplines and which is acceptable to both 113; PY207, 208 include: BU107, 205, 214, 224, 234, 235, 342, departments. The major leads to a bachelor of 349, and EC237. To be considered for honors, This program provides an understanding of arts degree. the student must receive at least an A- in principles of science in preparation for the FS374 "Thesis," to be written in Spanish,which study BUSINESS-FRENCH integrates the two disciplines and is accept- of medicine. It includes the minimum require- The major requires sixteen courses, seven in able to both departments. The major will lead ments for entrance to most medical schools. French and nine in business. In French these to a bachelor of arts degree. include two from among FF213, 214, 216, 219, 221, and five courses at the 300 level that must include FF 301 and 376 (one FL course may also be included). The major will also include: BU107, 205, 214, 224, 234, 235, 342, 349, and EC237. To be considered for honors, the student must receive at least an A- in FF374 "Thesis," to be written in French, which integrates the two disciplines and is accept- able to both departments. The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree.

142 DANCE THEATER ECONOMICS-MATHEMATICS ECONOMICS-SPANISH The qualified student of dance wishing to The economics-mathematics major requires The major requires fourteen courses equally pursue a liberal and technical education may fifteen courses, seven in economics, seven in divided between the two departments. In do so, beginning in the first or sophomore mathematics/computer science, and indepen- constructing the major, the student, with the year, in an interdepartmental dance-theater dent work in mathematical economics. The help of an advisor in each department, should program leading to a bachelor of science economics courses must include EC103, 104; select complementary courses from the two degree. The basis for dance study is modern at least two courses chosen from EC234, 235, fields to facilitate the integration of the two dance and ballet. Requirements are as follows: 236; and three electives, at least two which are disciplines. Required among the seven at the 300 level. The mathematics/computer courses in Spanish are 211, 212, and 376, and 1. In dance—(a) Technique—eighteen science courses must include MA111, 113, four other courses at the 300 level. One FL semester hours of technique including four 200, 202, 204; either MC 316 or MC 302; and course may be included. Students are urged to semester hours outside primary discipline; one additional 300-level course in mathemat- include FS301, 331, and 332. Required among (b) Theory—DA230 and one course from ics or computer science. A senior thesis or the seven courses in economics are: EC103, among the following: DA227, 228, 335, project integrating both disciplines (presented 104, at least two 200-level courses chosen 376M or 376B to both departments) is required for honors. from EC234, 235, 236, and 237, and at least 2. In theater— TH103, 129, 231, 250 and any two The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. two 300-level courses. To be eligible for honors of the following courses: TH229, 230, 341 in economics-Spanish, a student must receive ECONOMICS-PHILOSOPHY at least an A- on a thesis acceptable to both 3. TH376 (senior project combining dance departments that integrates the two disciplines. The major in economics-philosophy will com- and theater) or two courses from among The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. DB393, 394, DM393, 394. plete a minimum of fourteen courses divided equally between the two fields. In philosophy ENGLISH-FRENCH ECONOMICS-FRENCH students must take PH203, 204, and four 300-level courses including PH375: Senior The major requires fourteen courses in English The major requires fourteen courses equally Seminar. Required among the seven courses and French equally divided between the two divided between the two departments. In in economics are: EC103, 104, at least two disciplines. The seven courses required by the constructing the major, the student, with the 200-level courses chosen from EC234, 235, English Department must be above the 100 help of an advisor in each department, should 236, and 237, and at least two 300-level level and must include EN201 and 202 (in select complementary courses from the two courses. To be eligible for honors, a student sequence) taken before 300-level courses in fields to facilitate the integration of the two must receive a grade of at least A- on an English. At least four must be taken on the 300 disciplines. Required among the seven honors thesis which integrates the two fields. level in the junior or senior years, but no fewer courses in French are two from among FF213, The thesis must be defended before the fac- than two in the senior year, and two of the four 214, 216, 219, or 221; and five courses at the ulty. Approval of the program is required by the must be from the categories Advanced 300 level to include 376 (one FL course may chairs of both departments. The major leads Courses in British and American Literature or be included). Students are also urged to in- to a bachelor of arts degree. Senior Tutorial Studies. Of the seven courses clude FF301. Required among the seven taken in French, at least five must be in the courses in economics are: EC103, 104, at ECONOMICS-SOCIOLOGY French language beyond the intermediate least two 200-level courses chosen from The economics-sociology major must success- level, and at least three of the five on the 300 EC234, 235, 236, and 237, and at least two level. The seven must include two from among 300-level courses. To be eligible for honors in fully complete a minimum of seven courses in economics and seven courses in sociology, FF213, 214, 216, 219, or 221, and 376. Two economics-French, a student must receive at courses may be from the department’s offer- least an A- on a thesis acceptable to both including SO101, 227, 324 or 325, 375; EC103, 104; two 200-level courses chosen ings designated FL. Majors seeking honors departments that integrates the two disciplines. must write a thesis while enrolled in either The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. from EC234, 235, and 236; two 300-level economics courses; and either EC237 or FF374 or EN390 and must receive at least an A- for the thesis, a portion of which must be in ECONOMICS-GERMAN SO226. Courses are to be selected in consul- tation with advisors in each discipline. In con- a foreign language. Only students with a cu- The major requires fourteen courses equally structing the major program, the student mulative average of 3.5 or higher are eligible to divided between the two departments. In should select complementary courses as a write a thesis. Each student will have advisors constructing the major, the student, with the step toward integration of the two disciplines. in both departments who will pay particular help of an advisor in each department, should To be eligible for honors, the student must attention to the intellectual coherence of his or select complementary courses from the two earn at least an A- on a thesis acceptable to her work in English and French literatures. The fields to facilitate the integration of the two both departments (EC371 or 372 or SO 376). major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. disciplines. Required among the seven The thesis must be defended before a joint courses in German are 213, 214, 376, and four committee determined by the thesis advisor. other courses at the 300 level. One FL course The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. may be included. Students are also urged to include FG301. Required among the seven courses in economics are: EC103, 104, at least two 200-level courses chosen from EC234, 235, 236, and 237, and at least two 300-level courses. To be eligible for honors in economics-German, a student must receive at least an A- on a thesis acceptable to both departments that integrates the two disciplines. The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree.

143 ENGLISH-GERMAN ENGLISH-SPANISH GOVERNMENT-GERMAN The major requires fourteen courses in English The major requires fourteen courses in English The major requires fourteen courses, seven in and German equally divided between the two and Spanish equally divided between the two each department. In constructing the major, disciplines. The seven courses required by the disciplines. The seven courses required by the the student, with the help of an advisor in each English Department must be above the 100 English Department must be above the 100 department, should select complementary level and must include EN201 and 202 (in level and must include EN201 and 202 (in courses from the two fields to facilitate the sequence) taken before 300-level courses in sequence) taken before 300-level courses in integration of the two disciplines. Required English. At least four must be taken on the 300 English. At least four must be taken on the 300 among the seven courses in German are level in the junior or senior years, but no fewer level in the junior or senior years, but no fewer FG213, 214, and 376 and four other German than two in the senior year, and two of the four than two in the senior year, and two of the four courses at the 300 level, one of which may be must be from the categories Advanced must be from the categories Advanced designated FL. Among the seven courses in Courses in British and American Literature or Courses in British and American Literature or government are 103, 203, 318, and four other Senior Tutorial Studies. Of the seven courses Senior Tutorial Studies. Of the seven courses courses chosen in consultation with the advi- taken in German, at least five must be in the taken in Spanish, at least five must be in the sor. To be eligible for honors, a student must German language beyond the intermediate Spanish language beyond the intermediate receive at least an A- in FG374: Thesis and an level, and at least three of the five on the 300 level, and at least three of the five on the 300 A- on an honors research paper in a 300-level level. The seven must include FG213, 214, level. The seven must include FS211, 212, government course. The major leads to a and 376. Two courses may be from the and 376. Two courses may be from the bachelor of arts degree. department’s offerings designated FL. Majors department’s offerings designated FL. Majors seeking honors must write a thesis while seeking honors must write a thesis while GOVERNMENT-HISTORY enrolled in either F374 or EN390 and must enrolled in either FS374 or EN390 and must receive at least an A- for the thesis, a portion The major will complete fourteen courses, receive at least an A- for the thesis, a portion equally divided between government and of which must be in a foreign language. Only of which must be in a foreign language. Only students with a cumulative average of 3.5 or history, including a history colloquium and at students with a cumulative average of 3.5 or least one 300-level government course. To be higher are eligible to write a thesis. Each higher are eligible to write a thesis. Each student will have advisors in both departments eligible for honors, the student must have student will have advisors in both departments received at least an A- on an honors research who will pay particular attention to the intellec- who will pay particular attention to the intellec- tual coherence of his or her work in English paper in a 300-level government course. In tual coherence of his or her work in English constructing the major, the student should and German literatures. The major leads to a and Spanish literatures. The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. select complementary courses from the two bachelor of arts degree. fields as a step toward integrating the two ENGLISH-PHILOSOPHY disciplines. Approval of the program by the GOVERNMENT-FRENCH chairs of both departments is required. The The major will complete a minimum of fourteen The major requires fourteen courses, seven in major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. courses in English and philosophy, equally each department. In constructing the major, divided between the two departments. One of the student, with the help of an advisor in each GOVERNMENT-PHILOSOPHY the fourteen courses must be either EN361 or department, should select complementary The major will complete a minimum of fourteen PH330E, although both may be taken for credit courses from the two fields to facilitate the courses, equally divided between government toward the interdepartmental major. The seven integration of the two disciplines. Required and philosophy. Required among the seven courses required by the English Department among the seven courses in French are two courses in government are GO303 and 304. must be above the 100 level and must include from among FF213, 214, 216, 219, 221. One Required among the seven courses in philoso- EN201 and 202 (in sequence) taken before may be a course designated FL, four other phy are PH203, 204, and four 300-level 300-level courses in English. At least four must French courses at the 300 level and FF376. courses, including the PH375 "Senior Semi- be taken on the 300 level in the junior or senior Among the courses in government are GO103, nar." To be eligible for honors, the student years, but no fewer than two in the senior year, 203, 318 and four other courses chosen in must have at least an A- on an honors re- and two of the four must be from the catego- consultation with the advisor. To be eligible for search paper in a 300-level government ries Advanced Courses in British and Ameri- honors, a student must receive at least an A- course or in PH376: Senior Thesis. In con- can Literature or Senior Tutorial Studies. The in FF374: Thesis and an A- on an honors structing the major, the student should select seven courses in philosophy should include research paper in a 300-level government complementary courses from the two fields as PH203 and 204, 375 taken in the senior year, course. The major leads to a bachelor of arts a step toward integrating the two disciplines. and three other 300-level courses. Approval of degree. Approval of the program is required by the the program is required by the chairs of both chairs of both departments. The major leads departments. To be eligible for honors, a to a bachelor of arts degree. senior major who has maintained the College required grade-point average for departmental honors must also achieve at least an A- on a senior thesis, senior project, or research- seminar paper, by agreement of an appropri- ate faculty reader from each department, or as designated by the respective chairs. The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree.

144 GOVERNMENT-SOCIOLOGY POLITICAL ECONOMY The major must successfully complete a The major will complete a minimum of fourteen Self-Determined Major minimum of seven courses in government, courses equally divided between economics including at least two at the 300 level, and and government. Required among the seven A student may pursue an interest through a seven courses in sociology, including SO101, government courses is at least one 300-level program not necessarily contained within or 226, 227, 324 or 325, and 375. SO222 is government course. In economics students related to a major department. The self-deter- strongly recommended. To be eligible for must take EC103, 104, at least two 200-level mined major is neither a double major nor an honors, the student must have at least an A- courses chosen from EC234, 235, 236, and interdepartmental major. In recent years, self- on an honors research paper in a 300-level 237, and at least two 300-level courses. To be determined majors have included such areas government course and complete a senior eligible for honors in political economy a stu- as medieval studies, arts administration, sports thesis in government or sociology (GO375 or dent must have received at least an A- on an management, environmental studies, law and SO376). Courses are selected in consultation honors research paper in a 300-level govern- society, and Italian studies. The with advisors in each discipline. In constructing ment course. In addition the student must degree program must contain a core of not the major program, the student should select submit a paper to the Economics Department fewer than ten courses pertinent to the complementary courses as a step toward that integrates the two disciplines, and must student’s central interest, one of these being integration of the two disciplines. The major successfully defend that paper before the an independent study project that integrates leads to a bachelor of arts degree. economics faculty. In constructing the major this core of courses, or a senior seminar or program, the student should select comple- colloquium in which a main project achieves GOVERNMENT-SPANISH mentary courses from the two fields as a step the same goal. Self-determined majors must toward integrating the two disciplines. The The major requires fourteen courses, seven in meet the all-College requirements, including major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. each department. In constructing the major, the maturity-level requirement. the student, with the help of an advisor in each PSYCHOLOGY-SOCIOLOGY department, should select complementary The student proposes a course of study to courses from the two fields to facilitate the The major must successfully complete a mini- the Subcommittee on Self-Determined Majors integration of the two disciplines. Required mum of seven courses in psychology and through the chair of the subcommittee. Nor- among the seven courses in Spanish are seven courses in sociology, including PS201; mally, a student will apply during the spring of FS211, 212, and 376 and four other Spanish SO101 and 375; either SO324 or 325; either the sophomore year. A self-determined-major courses at the 300 level, one of which may be PS205 or SO 202; either PS217 and PS306 or proposal must be submitted by October 15 of designated FL. Among the seven courses in SO226 and 227. To be eligible for honors, the the junior year or its equivalent. government are 103; either 203 and 318, or student must complete a senior thesis in 209 and 309; and four other courses chosen in psychology or sociology (PS375 and 376, or Students seeking departmental honors at consultation with the advisor. To be eligible for PS378 or SO376). Courses are to be selected graduation may submit their final project to the honors, a student must receive at least an A- in in consultation with advisors in each discipline. subcommittee for evaluation. There are two FS374: Thesis and an A- on an honors re- In constructing the major program, the student conditions for giving a final project honors: search paper in a 300-level government course. should select complementary courses as a (1) the advisors assess it to be excellent; The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. step toward integration of the two disciplines. (2) the Self-Determined Majors Subcommittee, The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree. based on the advisors’ assessments and its HISTORY-PHILOSOPHY members’ judgements, deems it worthy of honors. In instances when the subcommittee The major will complete a minimum of fourteen is not sufficiently knowledgeable about the courses equally divided between history and subject of a final project to assess it, a faculty philosophy. In constructing the major program, member knowledgeable in the subject will the student should select complementary advise them. courses from the two fields as a step toward integrating the two disciplines. The major is Detailed procedures for establishing a self- required to take PH203, 204, a history collo- determined major may be obtained from the quium, and the senior seminar in philosophy. Office of the Dean of Studies or from the chair Approval of the program by the chairs of both of the subcommittee. departments is required. The major leads to a bachelor of arts degree.

145 BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION The 3/2 Bachelor’s M.B.A. Program with Preparation for Professions and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, School of The 4 + l M.B.A. Program with Clarkson Management Affiliated Programs University In this program, students earn a baccalaureate The undergraduate program at Skidmore In this program, students earn a baccalaureate from Skidmore and a master’s degree in busi- affords preparation for graduate work either in from Skidmore and a master’s degree in ness administration from Rensselaer. Students the liberal arts or in the professions. Students business administration from Clarkson in the spend generally three to three and one-half interested in advanced degrees should consult year following Skidmore graduation. Normally, years at Skidmore completing their particular the appropriate department as soon as pos- the M.B.A. requires two or more graduate major as well as the undergraduate equivalent sible in their undergraduate careers. A number years to complete. M.B.A. course requirements for which of preprofessional programs, such as premed Rensselaer grants credit. Then one and one- and prelaw, are supported by special advisors Under special agreement, students plan their half to two years are spent at Rensselaer at the College. undergraduate programs to include certain completing the M.B.A. requirements. foundation courses normally taken in the first Catalogues of graduate and professional year of study in an M.B.A. program. Under special agreement, students plan their schools are available on microfiche in the undergraduate programs to include certain Scribner Library. Notices of graduate fellow- Foundation requirements include satisfactory courses normally taken in the first year of ships and assistantships from many institu- completion of a total of twenty-seven semester study in an M.B.A. program. tions are on file in the Office of The Dean of hours in each of the following subjects: Studies and are posted on departmental Courses taken at Skidmore that may substitute bulletin boards. Foundation Skidmore Courses as undergraduate equivalent courses in this Requirements (or Clarkson equivalent) M.B.A. program are: Most graduate schools require an appropriate Business and Society BU 333. Business Law I entrance exam: the MCAT for medical school, EC 103, 104. Macro, Micro Economics the LSAT for law school, the GMAT for busi- Economics EC 103. Introduction to BU 214. Marketing ness school, and the GRE for most other Macroeconomics BU 224. Organizational Behavior graduate programs. Information on specific EC 104. Introduction to BU 234, 235. Financial, Managerial Accounting entrance requirements and application forms Microeconomics EC 237, PS 217. Statistics are available in the Office of Career Services. Management BU 224. Foundations CS 105. Applications of Microcomputers Many graduate programs in an academic Principles of Organizational BU 342, 345. Financial Management discipline leading to an M.A. or Ph.D. require Behavior BU 355. Business Ethics MA 105, 111. Pre-Calculus, Calculus I competence in one or two foreign languages. Accounting BU 234. Foundations of Accounting I Admission to the program will normally be Most professional schools advise students to BU 235. Foundations of made during the first semester of a student’s obtain a sound foundation in the liberal arts, in Accounting II third year at Skidmore. To qualify for admis- addition to the necessary preprofessional Computer CS 105. Applications of sion (without GMAT tests) applicants must courses, as the best preparation for admission. Programming Microcomputers have at least a 3.0 cumulative grade point This holds true for engineering, law, medicine, average and will have met the following mini- social service, and teaching certification. Statistics and EC 237. Economic and Probability Business Statistics; or mal prerequisites: MA105, 111, EC 103, 104, MA 204. Probability and CS105, and one other course in computer Statistics science or computer applications approved by PS 217. Statistical Rensselaer. The chair of the Management and Methods of Psychology I Business Department, in consultation with Calculus MA 111. Calculus I appropriate faculty of the department, and a faculty member from the student’s major Marketing BU 214. Foundations of department may admit as many as six Marketing students each year to the graduate program. Finance BU 342. Finance Any qualified applicants beyond the six admit- ted may, with Management and Business In addition to completing the foundation Department support, also apply to the pro- equivalents, students will meet Clarkson’s gram, and their admission will be at the prescribed admission standards. discretion of Rensselaer.

In addition to the course and formal program requirement, 3/2 students are required to complete a summer work-internship at a company or agency.

146 ENGINEERING Outlined below is the course of study required The 3 + 2 Program with Clarkson University for the 3/2 program comprising first, second, Skidmore College offers qualified students the and senior years at Skidmore and the junior The 3 + 2 Program in Engineering, offered in opportunity to earn dual degrees in liberal arts and fifth year at Dartmouth. cooperation with the School of Engineering at and engineering through its cooperative 3/2 Clarkson University, combines three years of Program with Dartmouth College or its 3 + 2 Mathematics/Engineering Major study at Skidmore with two years of additional Program with Clarkson University. These are Physics/Engineering Major study at Clarkson. During their senior year in challenging programs designed for the student absentia, while continuing their studies at who has strong preparation in mathematics First Year Clarkson, students fulfill the bachelor of arts MA 111. Calculus I and physical sciences, and above average requirements (including major and all-college MA 113. Calculus II problem solving skills. PY 207. General Physics I requirements) and receive their degrees from PY 208. General Physics II Skidmore at the end of the fourth year of the It is desirable to select either the 3/2 or the 3+2 LS1. Human Experience program. Upon successful completion of the program at the earliest possible date, prefer- LS2. Integrative Topics additional year of prescribed study, qualified ably during the first year, to ensure meeting the EN 105 or 107. Writing Seminar II or III; or a students will be eligible for the bachelor of prerequisite requirements. Therefore, inter- writing-intensive course science degree in engineering from Clarkson. ested students are encouraged to discuss the Foreign language or breadth component course engineering programs with the engineering Second Year REQUIREMENTS coordinator as soon as possible. MA 200. Linear Algebra A student entering this combined program MA 202. Calculus III must major in either mathematics, chemistry, Skidmore Engineering Advisory Committee: MA 270. Differential Equations or physics, have a grade-point average of at Professors William J. Standish, Coordinator; MA 204. Probability and Statistics or MA least 3.0 in science and mathematics, have Richard L. Speers, Pierre von Kaenel. elective (for mathematics major) approval of the Engineering Advisory Commit- PY 210. Foundations of Modern Physics tee, and be accepted for admission by 3/2 Program with Dartmouth College Physics Elective (for physics major) Clarkson. Students interested in this program Junior Year at Dartmouth must have the necessary course background Through a cooperative arrangement with the During the junior year, while in residence at Thayer before entering Clarkson in the senior year. To Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth School, Dartmouth College, students are advised to ensure meeting the prerequisite requirements, College, students majoring in mathematics or take: students should take the following courses physics at Skidmore may earn both the bach- ENGS 14. Introduction to Computer Science with during their first year at Skidmore. elor of arts degree from Skidmore at the end of Engineering Applications the fourth year and, at the end of the fifth year, ENGS 21. Introduction to Engineering MA 111. Calculus I the bachelor of engineering degree from ENGS 22. Systems I MA 113. Calculus II Dartmouth. CHEM 5. General Chemistry CH 105. Chemical Principles I Two of the following courses: CH 106. Chemical Principles II An additional one or two years may lead to ENGS 51. Solid Mechanics PY 207. General Physics I the master of engineering and/or the master ENGS 61. Introduction to Thermodynamics PY 208. General Physics II of business administration degree from ENGS 63. Science of Materials LS1. Human Experience EN 105 or 107 Writing Seminar II or III Dartmouth. Two electives The electives should be chosen in consultation with the student’s advisor at Skidmore and with the Courses for the sophomore and junior years at REQUIREMENTS Thayer School at Dartmouth. Skidmore will be chosen by the student in A student entering this combined program must consultation with the engineering coordinator, major in mathematics or physics, must have a Senior Year (Mathematics/Engineering) based on the student's engineering interests grade point average of at least 3.0 in science MA 303. Advanced Calculus (e.g., electrical, mechanical, civil). and mathematics, and must have approval of MA 319. Algebra I the Engineering Advisory Committee. Two additional 300-level mathematics courses selected in consultation with the student’s advisor. At the beginning of the junior year, the student Electives applies to the Engineering Advisory Committee Students interested in this program must for consideration. The committee will recom- have the necessary course background before Senior Year (Physics/Engineering) mend only those students it believes are likely entering Dartmouth in the junior year. There- PY 341. Advanced Theory and Methods in to profit from the program and who have met fore it is desirable to select the program at the Physics Research all prerequisite requirements. earliest possible date, preferably during the PY 345. Mechanics first year, to ensure meeting the prerequisite PY 346. Electricity and Magnetism requirements. The Engineering Advisory Com- PY 348. Quantum Mechanics PY 373. Senior Research in Physics mittee does not recommend students acceler- One additional physics course selected in consulta- ate in the program. tion with the student’s advisor. Electives At the end of the fall semester of the sopho- more year the student shall apply to the Engi- Fifth Year at Dartmouth neering Advisory Committee for consideration. During this year several engineering electives The Committee will recommend to Dartmouth are available as well as advanced science only those students whom it believes are likely courses that will allow the student to focus on to profit from the program. a particular area of engineering science and/ or to prepare for graduate study in advanced engineering or business. These courses should be selected in consultation with the student’s Dartmouth advisor.

147 LAW HEALTH PROFESSIONS SECONDARY EDUCATION

The law school admissions process is highly Health Professions Advisory Committee: The 4 + 1 M.A.T. Program with Union competitive. While there is no prescribed Professors Raymond Giguere, Roy S. Meyers, College course of study for the undergraduate who Vasantha Narasimhan, Bernard Possidente plans to attend law school, a strong academic (chair), Jon R. Ramsey, Elaine C. Rubenstein, Students accepted into the program earn a record is the best preparation. Steven Tysoe, and Philip Ortiz. baccalaureate degree from Skidmore and a Master of Arts in Teaching degree from Union Law schools emphasize the importance of a Students who plan to apply to medical, dental, College. Admission is competitive and broad liberal arts education. The ability to veterinary or other health professional schools students are selected according to the follow- analyze critically, and synthesize material, and should consult with a member of the Health ing criteria: undergraduate major in a discipline the power of organization, clear expression Professions Advisory Committee early in their represented in the Union M.A.T. Program; and sound judgment are desirable. Well- college careers and before registration each ED203, 323 and PS204; 3.0 grade point aver- developed skills in reading, speaking, and semester so that they can plan their courses at age in the major and overall; and demon- writing are essential. Students are encouraged Skidmore to include those that will help them strated interest and suitability for teaching. to choose courses widely, concentrating in an succeed in the standardized admissions tests area that is of most interest to them. required by various health professional The Union program includes the following schools. The following courses are recom- secondary (grades 7-12) subjects: biology, The law and society minor involves students in mended by the majority of health professional chemistry, earth science, English, French, the interdisciplinary study of law; the curricu- schools as minimum requirements: general science, German, Latin, mathematics, lum for the minor includes courses from the physics, social studies, and Spanish. 1. Two courses in English departments of Business; Economics; Govern- 2. Two courses in biology (most successful ment; History; Philosophy and Religion; and Students interested in the program should applicants complete four to six courses) Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work. consult with the chair of the Education Depart- 3. Two courses in general chemistry ment. 4. Two courses in organic chemistry Practically all law schools require the Law 5. Two courses in calculus School Admission Test (LSAT) of the Educa- 6. Two courses in physics tional Testing Service. Students should submit several applications early in the fall of their Students should be aware that additional senior year. specific requirements may be set by individual medical, dental, veterinary, and osteopathic A prelaw advisor counsels students preparing schools and physician’s assistant and physical for law, assisting them in evaluating law therapy programs. schools and in preparing effective applications. The Health Professions Advisory Committee at Skidmore offers counseling to pre-health The Accelerated Law School Program professions students in their undergraduate curriculum planning and application process to Through a cooperative arrangement with the health professional schools. Students who are Cardozo Law School of Yeshiva University, interested in health professions must contact qualified Skidmore students may obtain a the chair or any member of the Health Profes- bachelor’s degree from Skidmore and a law sions Advisory Committee to discuss their degree from Cardozo in six years rather than interests and seek advice regarding their the average time of seven years for completion academic and cocurricular planning. of both degrees. Students admitted to the Students with an interest in the health profes- program complete a full first year of profes- sions should register with the HPAC commit- sional legal education during the summers tee. The HPAC office is located in Dana before and after their final year of undergradu- Science Center, room 172. ate study. With careful course selection and departmental and Committee on Academic Standing approval, Skidmore will accept up to fifteen hours of Cardozo credit toward the Skidmore degree. The student then becomes a second year law school student during the fall semester after graduation from Skidmore.

148 SEMESTER IN INDIA Skidmore Study Abroad Programs Higher Education Opportunity The New York State Independent College Consortium for Study in India (Skidmore, Program Many program opportunities are coordinated Bard, Hartwick, St. Lawrence, and Hobart and through the International Programs Office and William Smith colleges) offers a one-semester Director: Susan Layden, M.S. the Dean of Studies Office. Skidmore offers academic program in India every fall that foreign-study programs in Madrid, Spain; carries seventeen semester hours of credit. The Higher Education Opportunity Program Paris, France; Stratford-upon-Avon and Lon- Students live and study in two locations — (HEOP) recruits talented and motivated don, England; and Jaipur and Mussoorie, Mussoorie, in the foothills of the Himalaya, and students from New York State who otherwise, India. The programs are designed to develop a the city of Jaipur. owing to academic and financial circumstance, deeper understanding of cultures different from would be unable to attend Skidmore College. one’s own and to broaden perspectives on Courses offered (see page 80 for descriptions): Holistic in its approach to student develop- one’s own culture through daily contact with AS 101, 102. Language and Culture in India ment, the program provides developmental, foreign teachers, students, and institutions. AS 201. Historical, Cultural, and Social tutorial, financial, and counseling services, Background of Indian Development beginning with a required, prefreshman, on- AS 202. Contemporary Issues in Indian campus summer session. This session SKIDMORE IN PARIS Social and Cultural Development strengthens students' academic and study AS 376. Directed Field Study in India skills and prepares them for a socially and Coordinator: International Programs Office personally productive life in the College Director: Alain Matthey de l’Etang, Ph.D. Information on the Semester in India may be community. Housing Coordinator: Molly Koebel Delaunay, obtained from Professor Robert Linrothe, in B.A. the Department of Art and Art History. Representative courses: SUMMER COURSES AH 371, 372. Studies in the History of French Art SEMESTER IN LONDON BU 385, 386. Topics in Business HE 100. ACADEMIC WRITING 3 A course designed for HEOP students that includes A. Marketing Skidmore offers a variety of study programs in B. Investments work on grammar, sentence structure, paragraph the heart of London each spring semester. The development, and ESL concerns. It will introduce C. Management program is accompanied by Skidmore faculty. D. Accounting interpretation and documentation of academic texts E. Production Applicants must have strong Skidmore faculty from a variety of disciplines. Students will move from EC 381, 382. Studies in Economics references and normally an achievement short papers and revisions to a final analytical five- FF 280. French Conversation and Phonetics record of 3.0 or higher. Courses in the London page paper. FF 309, 310. French Composition program are pre-approved for transfer credit. FF 381, 382. Advanced Language Study The total cost of the program is equivalent to MA 100. QUANTITATIVE REASONING 3 FF 383, 384. Studies in French Literature tuition, room, and board in Saratoga Springs. Study of practical arithmetic and geometry, data FF 385, 386. Theater in Paris Skidmore students on financial aid may apply gathering and analysis, introductory probability and FF 388. Contemporary French Society their loans and significant portions of their statistics, size and bias in sampling, hypothesis FF 377. The City of Paris scholarship awards to the program. Informa- testing, confidence intervals and their use in statisti- FF 378. The French Cinema tion and application forms are available from cal analysis, linear relationships, interpolation and extrapolation, correlation, linear and exponential FL 388. Contemporary French Society the Office of the Dean of Studies. FL 391, 392. Field Experience Abroad growth with practical applications. This course is GO 381, 382. Studies in Politics primarily intended to fulfill the first part of the quanti- tative reasoning requirement. HI 381, 382. Topics in History SHAKESPEARE PROGRAMME MU 335, 336. Studies in Music SO 381, 382. Topics in Sociology HPB. BASIC MATHEMATICS This fall semester program offers in-depth This course addresses quantitative skills such as: Shakespeare studies in London and Stratford- number relations, computations, percents, word SKIDMORE IN MADRID upon-Avon. Students earn from twelve to problems, statistics, and the interpretations of graphs. eighteen semester hours of credit. Admission It is intended to prepared students for MA100. Coordinator: International Programs Office is selective. For additional information, consult Professor Lary Opitz, Theater Department. HPE. PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT AND Director: Joan Berenguer, D. es L. EXPLORATION WORKSHOP Assistant Director: Angel Berenguer, D. es L. Courses offered: This course uses a discussion/seminar format to discuss a variety of topics related to the college Representative courses: EN345. Shakespeare: Comedies, Histories, experience. Using a problem-solving paradigm, AH 371, 372. Studies in the History of and Romances students will explore the challenges inherent in Spanish Art EN346. Shakespeare: The Tragedies making the transition from high school to college. BU 385, 386. Topics in Business EN343. Elizabethan and Jacobean Drama A. Marketing EN316. Nineteenth Century Novel HPG. PRE-LIBERAL STUDIES/ B. Investments HI310. Age of the Tudors STUDY SKILLS WORKSHOP C. Management TH230. Theater and Culture II: Genesis of This course follows the format of Liberal Studies I: D. Accounting Theatrical Modernism The Human Experience. Students are introduced to E. Production TH231 Directing a variety of classroom settings, including lectures, EC 381, 382. Studies in Economics TH303. Acting Styles guest lectures, discussion meetings, and perfor- FL 391, 392. Field Experience Abroad TH304. Special Studies in Acting: mances. The study skills component of this course FS 381, 382. Advanced Language Study Shakespeare uses the content of the pre-LS readings and discus- FS 383, 384. Studies in Spanish Literature TH325 Playwriting sions to help students improve reading comprehen- FS 385, 386. Contemporary Spanish Civilization TH334. Special Studies in Theater History sion, time-management, note taking, analytical, and GO 381, 382. Studies in Politics and Theory: Criticism library skills. HI 381, 382. Topics in History MU 335, 336. Studies in Music SO 381, 382. Topics in Sociology TH 381, 382. History of Spanish Theater For more information, consult the study-abroad brochure. 149 HPC. LANGUAGE SKILLS This is a remedial course that includes both basic grammatical skills and the writing of one- and two- Enrollment Statistics page essays. The instructor reviews sentence struc- ture, usage, some ESL techniques, and paragraph development. The student progresses to longer RETENTION GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION – FALL 1998 essays and the creation of a portfolio of his/her best work. Information on retention is available from the Office of the Registrar. Alabama ...... 1 California ...... 34 ACADEMIC YEAR COURSES Retention rates for the 1997-98 academic year Colorado ...... 16 (fall to fall): Connecticut ...... 225 HE 100. ACADEMIC WRITING 3 Delaware ...... 3 A course designed for HEOP students that includes Junior Class — 95.6% District of Columbia ...... 7 work on grammar, sentence structure, paragraph Sophomore Class — 90.1 % Florida ...... 24 development, and ESL concerns. It will introduce First-year Class — 90.6% Georgia ...... 11 interpretation and documentation of academic texts All-College Average — 91.8% Guam ...... 1 from a variety of disciplines. Students will move from Hawaii ...... 2 short papers and revisions to a final analytical five- Illinois ...... 34 page paper. DEGREES CONFERRED IN 1998 Indiana ...... 2 Skidmore College conferred 341 B.A. and 159 Kansas ...... 3 HPF. STUDY SKILLS Kentucky ...... 4 This course is offered to first-year students as a B.S. degrees in 1998. In addition, 19 B.A. and 23 B.S. degrees were conferred on graduates Louisiana ...... 1 continuation of the study skills workshop offered Maine ...... 54 of the Skidmore College University Without during the summer program. The focus of this course Maryland ...... 44 remains the development of time- management, Walls program. Eight M.A. degrees were Massachusetts ...... 404 note-taking, test-taking, and reading-comprehension awarded graduates of the Master of Arts in Michigan ...... 11 skills; however, the content of the course will be Liberal Science program for 1997-98. Minnesota ...... 23 based upon first semester courses. Mississippi ...... 1 Missouri ...... 10 GRADUATION RATES** Montana ...... 1 New Hampshire ...... 85 Initial Cohort, Fall 1992 New Jersey ...... 187 Total full-time first-year students 614 New Mexico ...... 1 Graduates by June 1996 384 New York ...... 603 Additional graduates by June 1997 63 North Carolina ...... 11 Additional graduates by June 1998 7 Ohio ...... 47 Total graduates by June 30, 1998 454 Oregon ...... 6 Pennsylvania ...... 89 Percentage of students receiving Rhode Island ...... 29 baccalaureate degrees within period of South Carolina ...... 3 six academic years: 73.9 percent Tennessee ...... 5 Texas ...... 22 **UWW students not included Vermont ...... 93 Virginia ...... 16 Washington ...... 11 Wisconsin ...... 5 Wyoming ...... 1

Austria ...... 3 Bermuda ...... 1 Brazil ...... 3 Canada ...... 2 Egypt ...... 2 England ...... 8 France ...... 5 Germany ...... 3 Greece ...... 4 Hong Kong ...... 4 Ireland ...... 1 Japan ...... 4 Jordan ...... 1 Kenya ...... 1 Korea ...... 2 Mexico ...... 1 Netherlands ...... 1 Philippines ...... 1 Portugal ...... 1 Saudi Arabia ...... 1 Singapore ...... 2 Sri Lanka ...... 2 Switzerland ...... 1 Turkey ...... 2

TOTAL ...... 2184

150 KIM P. MACALISTER ’76 JOAN ROYTER WALSH ’61 Bell Canyon, California Sonoma, California Board of Trustees B.S., Skidmore College B.A., Skidmore College; 1999-2000 M.A., Cornell University SCOTT M. MARTIN ’79 Los Angeles, California JANET LUCAS WHITMAN ’59 JOAN LAYNG DAYTON ’63, Chair B.A., Skidmore College; Summit, New Jersey Wayzata, Minnesota M.A., J.D., American University; B.S., Skidmore College, University Without Walls B.S., Skidmore College LL.M., Columbia University SUSAN KETTERING WILLIAMSON ’59 BEVERLY HARRISON MILLER ’67 L.H.D. ’98 BARBARA McILVEEN BALDWIN ’61 Concord, Massachusetts Lyme, New Hampshire Short Hills, New Jersey B.A., Skidmore College Skidmore College B.A., Skidmore College JOHN S. MORRIS Litt. D. ’91 ARTHUR ZANKEL LL.D. ’99 CHARLES B. BUCHANAN Hamilton, New York Armonk, New York Glenmont, New York B.A., University College of South Wales B.S., University of Pennsylvania; B.A., Dartmouth College; and Monmouthshire; M.B.A., Harvard Business School M.B.A., Harvard Business School M.A., The University of Cambridge; BARBARA UNDERHILL COLLYER ’52 M.A., Colgate University; Ithaca, New York Ph.D., Columbia University Emeriti B.S., Skidmore College; DAVID J. MURPHY ’93 CARLETON A. CLEVELAND JR. M.S., Smith College Washington, D.C. Marco Island, Florida DALE OWEN COXE ’64 B.A., Skidmore College; J.D., Georgetown University Law Center GEORGE H. COLTON LL.D. ’86 Marblehead, Massachusetts Peterborough, New Hampshire B.A., Skidmore College; DAVID H. PORTER Litt. D. ’98 M.A., Brown University Saratoga Springs, New York JUDITH PICK EISSNER ’64 LL.D. ’95 Marblehead, Massachusetts SAMUEL W. CROLL III ’73 B.A., Swarthmore College; Rye, New York Ph.D., Princeton University IRVING HARRIS B.A., Skidmore College; SARA LEE LUBIN SCHUPF ’62 Cincinnati, Ohio M.A., Yale University; New York, New York JAMES H. INGERSOLL J.D., New York Law School B.A., Skidmore College, University Without Walls Belleair, Florida WILLIAM P. DAKE KAY YEE TAI ’72 PENNY KANICLIDES ’59 Saratoga Springs, New York Greenwich, Connecticut New York, New York B.M.E., Cornell University B.A., Skidmore College ESTHER ANDERSON LACEY ’48 ANN MOSES DOUGLAS ’56 KRISTIN A. TANG ’92 Binghamton, New York Princeton, New Jersey Vail, Colorado B.A., Skidmore College B.A., Skidmore College; ROBERT P. LARSON Yarmouthport, Massachusetts NANCY E. FISHER ’66 M.A., New York University New York, New York SUZANNE CORBET THOMAS ’62 CATHERINE MATHER B.A., Skidmore College Summit, New Jersey Haverford, Pennsylvania LINDA JACKSON-CHALMERS ’73 B.A., Skidmore College JAMES E. McCABE LL.D. ’91 Albany, New York M.S.W., Columbia University Palm City, Florida B.S., Skidmore College; M. ELIZABETH TIDBALL L.H.D. ’84 GEORGE T. PIERCY M.S., University at Albany, State University Washington, D.C. Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida of New York B.A., Mount Holyoke College; DONALD E. REUTERSHAN LL.D. ’83 PENELOPE DAMMANN JOHNSTON ’63 M.S., Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison; Sag Harbor, New York Riverside, Connecticut M.T.S., Wesley Theological Seminary B.A., Skidmore College; WILMA STEIN TISCH ’48 LL.D. ’90 KATHERINE SCRANTON ROZENDAAL CA Teaching Credentials, San Francisco State New York, New York L.H.D. ’71 College B.S., Skidmore College Schenectady, New York PAMELA SCHICK KELSEY ’70 EDGAR WACHENHEIM III JEAN POSKANZER RUDNICK ’44 Princeton, New Jersey Rye, New York Brookline, Massachusetts B.S., Skidmore College B.A., Williams College; INEZ ZAGOREOS SCRIBNER ’62 PAULINE SKOGSBERG KISIEL ’62 M.B.A., Harvard Business School Chappaqua, New York Sherborn, Massachusetts CHARLES V. WAIT JESSICA WEIS WARREN ’48 B.S., Skidmore College Saratoga Springs, New York Pittsford, New York ROBERT M. LADD B.A., Cornell University; Tucson, Arizona Stonier School of Banking, Rutgers University B.A., Bard College; M.A., Trinity College; 151 Ed.D., University of Virginia HENRY C. GALANT, Ph.D. RICHARD H. PAGE, Ph.D. Faculty Professor Emeritus of Government Associate Professor Emeritus of Psychology ALVIN F. GAMAGE, M.L.S. DAVID H. PORTER, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emeritus, Library President Emeritus Emeriti GEORGE C. GREEN, D.M.A. HARRY PROSCH, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of Music Professor Emeritus of Philosophy DANIEL BALMUTH, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of History MARGARET K. GUYDER, Ph.D. EDWARD REAGEN, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emerita of Mathematics Professor Emeritus of Economics PETER B. BARUZZI, M.F.A. Professor Emeritus of Art EDWARD G. HAUSMAN, M.S. JOHN L. REED, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of Music Professor Emeritus of Education PARKER B. BAUM, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of Chemistry WARREN J. HOCKENOS, Ph.D. ELEANOR A. SAMWORTH, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emeritus of Philosophy Professor Emerita of Chemistry BEVERLY J. BECKER, Ph.D. Professor Emerita of Physical Education J ARTHUR HONEYWELL, Ph.D. STANLEY SAXTON, M.M. Professor Emeritus of Philosophy Professor Emeritus of Music WILLIAM S. BROWN, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emeritus of Biology HAROLD H. HOWARD, Ph.D. JOAN C. SIEGFRIED, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emeritus of Biology Associate Professor Emerita of Art History WILLIAM BRYNTESON, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of History DOUGLAS C. HUSTON, Ph.D. BARBARA E. SMITH, M.L.S. Associate Professor Emeritus of Physics Professor Emerita, Library JEAN H. CAMPBELL, R.N., Ed.D. Professor Emerita of Nursing SONJA P. KARSEN, Ph.D. FELIX SMITH Professor Emerita of Spanish Technical Director and Lecturer in Dance Emeritus ELISABETH CARROLL Associate Professor Emerita of Dance JAMES K. KETTLEWELL, M.A. ROBERT F. SMITH, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of Art History Professor Emeritus of Government FRANCIS CARVER, B.M., M.M. Assistant Professor Emeritus of Music ALLEN F. KIFER, Ph.D. FREDERICK A. SPEAR, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emeritus of History Professor Emeritus of French REGINA CASALLS, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emerita of Spanish RUTH C. LAKEWAY, M.M. RUDOLF STURM, Ph.D. Professor Emerita of Music Professor Emeritus of Slavic Languages DENTON W. CROCKER, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of Biology KIE BOK LEE, Ph.D. RICHARD UPTON, M.F.A. Associate Professor Emeritus of Economics Professor Emeritus of Art NANCY B. DAVIS, M.S. Associate Professor Emerita of Physical Education WILLIAM LeFURGY, Ph.D. PAUL H. L. WALTER, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of Psychology Professor Emeritus of Chemistry THOMAS R. DAVIS, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emeritus of Religion SAYRA B. LESTER, Ed.D. ISABELLE WILLIAMS, Ph.D. Chaplain Emeritus Associate Professor Emerita of Education Professor Emerita of Music DORIS DILLER, R.N., M.A. ERWIN L. LEVINE, Ph.D. Professor Emerita of Nursing Professor Emeritus of Government HELGA B. DOBLIN, Ph.D. VICTOR LIGUORI, M.F.A. Professor Emerita of Foreign Languages Professor Emeritus of Art JEFFREY L. ELGIN, M.F.A. GEORGE W. LOWIS, Ph.D. Professor of Art Professor Emeritus of Sociology ANNE R. FAIRBANKS, M.S. AUGUSTUS R. LUMIA, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emerita of Physical Education Associate Professor Emeritus of Psychology ALBERTA LEE FEYNMAN, Ph.D. ROBERT P. MAHONEY, Ph.D. Professor Emerita of English Professor Emeritus of Biology E. BEVERLY FIELD, A.M. ROBERT A. McGILL, Ph.D. Associate Professor Emerita of Biology Associate Professor Emeritus of English MARY ELLEN FISCHER, Ph.D. SHIRLEY S. MURPHY, M.S. Professor Emeritus of Government Assistant Professor Emerita of Business ROBERT FOULKE, Ph.D. ANTHONY M. NAZZARO, Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of English Professor Emeritus of French MADELAINE ORTOLEVA, Ph.D. Professor Emerita of French

152 Teaching Faculty 1999-2000 DIANA BARNES PHILIP BOSHOFF Lecturer in Foreign Languages and Literatures Associate Professor of English; B.A., University of Alaska, Fairbanks; Associate Chair, Department of English; M.A., Washington State University Director, Writing Center * YACUB ADDY B.A., State University of New York College DAVID E. BAUM Lecturer in Music at Oneonta; Assistant Professor of History M.A., Ph.D., Purdue University * ANN ALTON B.A., University of Dallas; Lecturer in Music M.A., M. Phil., Ph.D., Yale University ROBERT BOYERS B.M., M.M., The Juilliard School; Professor of English, SANDY BAUM D.M.A., Manhattan School of Music Tisch Professor of Arts and Letters Professor of Economics; B.A., Queens College; MADELYN ALVARIÑO Director, Law and Society Program M.A., New York University Lecturer in Foreign Languages and Literatures B.A., Bryn Mawr College; B.A., M.A., Villanova University M.A., Ph.D., Columbia University * KAREN BRACKETT 2 Lecturer in Education; CAROLYN ANDERSON WERNER BAUM Director, Skidmore Early Childhood Center Professor of Theater Research Associate in Geology B.S., Skidmore College; B.A., Middle Tennessee State University; B.S., M.S., Ph.D., University of Chicago M.A., University of Illinois M.S., University at Albany, State University POLA BAYTELMAN of New York JOHN ANZALONE Artist-in-Residence, Music UNA BRAY Professor of French B.M., University of Chile; Associate Professor of Mathematics B.A., University of Massachusetts, Boston; M.M., Artist’s Diploma, New England B.A., City College of New York; M.A., Ph.D., Tufts University Conservatory of Music; M.A., Brooklyn College of City University D.M.A., University of Texas at Austin PAUL J. ARCIERO of New York; Assistant Professor of Exercise Science ALMA BECKER Ph.D., Polytechnic Institute of New York B.S., Central Connecticut State University; Artist-in-Residence, Theater M.S., Purdue University; WILLIAM BRESLIN M.S., University of Vermont; SUSAN BENDER Assistant Professor of Government Ph.D., Springfield College Associate Professor of Anthropology; B.A., Hobart College; Associate Dean of the Faculty 2 M.A., Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania MICHAEL F. ARNUSH B.A., Goucher College; REGIS C. BRODIE Associate Professor of Classics; M.A., Ph.D., University at Albany, State Professor of Art; Director, Honors Forum University of New York B.A., Stanford University; Director, Summer Six Art Program Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania * ANGEL BERENGUER B.S., M.Ed., Indiana University of Pennsylvania; Lecturer in Spanish; M.F.A., Tyler School of Art of Temple LISA ARONSON Assistant Director, Skidmore in Madrid University Associate Professor of Art History; Lic., University of Grenada; ISABEL H. BROWN Director, Art History Program D. es L., University of Paris III B.A., Wayne State University; Associate Professor of Dance M.A., Ph.D., Indiana University * JOAN BERENGUER A.B., Vassar College; Lecturer in Spanish; 2 M.S., Smith College DAVID ATKATZ Director, Skidmore in Madrid JOEL BROWN Associate Professor of Physics L. es L., M. es L., University of Paris III; Artist-in-Residence, Music B.S., M.A., Ph.D., State University of D. es L., University of Barcelona New York at Stony Brook B.M., Philadelphia College of Performing Arts; CATHERINE WHITE BERHEIDE M.M., Ithaca College JACQUELINE AZZARTO Professor of Sociology P. TIMOTHY BROWN Associate Professor of Social Work; B.A., Beloit College; Professor of Exercise Science; Director, Social Work Program M.A., Ph.D., Northwestern University B.A., St. Joseph College; Director of Athletics M.S.W., University at Albany, State University of DONALD BIBBY B.S., Keene State College; New York; Visiting Teaching Associate in Biology M.S., P.E.D., Indiana University A.B., St. Michael’s College; Ph.D., Rutgers University * CHRISTOPHER BRUBECK M.S., University at Albany, State University of Lecturer in Music * TINA BAIRD New York Lecturer in Dance JOHN BRUEGGEMANN BARBARA BLACK B.A., University at Albany, State University of Assistant Professor of Sociology Associate Professor of English New York B.A., Earlham College; A.B., Bryn Mawr College; M.A., Ph.D., Emory University BETTY V. BALEVIC M.A., Ph.D., University of Virginia Associate Professor of Business KATHLEEN BUCKLEY RICHARD BONANNO B.S., Syracuse University; Lecturer in Philosophy and Religion; Lecturer in Foreign Languages and Literatures M.S., University at Albany, State University of College Chaplain B.A., University of Massachusetts; New York B.S., University of Massachusetts, Amherst; M.A., Rutgers University M.Div., Trinity Evangelical Divinity School * FRANCOIS BONNEVILLE Key to symbols TIMOTHY W. BURNS 1 Lecturer in English Absent on leave fall semester 1999 Assistant Professor of Government 2 B.A., University of Massachusetts; Absent on leave spring semester 2000 B.A., Boston College; 3 Absent on leave for the year 1999-2000 M.A., Colorado State University; 4 M.A., Ph.D., University of Toronto Late fall-early spring leave Ph.D., University at Albany, State University of * Part time New York 153 GRACE M. BURTON * FRANK CLARK JENNIFER DELTON Associate Professor of Spanish Lecturer in Mathematics Assistant Professor of History B.A., Bucknell University; B.S., Siena College; B.A., University of Minnesota, Minneapolis; Ph.D., Duke University M.S., University at Albany, State University M.A., Ph.D., Princeton University of New York DEBORAH CADMAN THOMAS DENNY Research Associate in English PATRICIA M. COLBY Associate Professor of Music B.A., Syracuse University; Assistant Professor of Psychology B.A., Haverford College; M.A., College of St. Rose; B.A., University of Houston; M.A., Ph.D., Eastman School of Music, Ph.D., University of Massachusetts M.A., Ph.D., University of California, Davis University of Rochester VICTOR L. CAHN RUTH COPANS NICOLA F. DENZEY Professor of English Associate Librarian, Humanities Librarian Assistant Professor of Religion A.B., Columbia College; B.A., M.A., University of Massachusetts; B.A., University of Toronto; M.A., Ph.D., New York University M.L.S., University at Albany, State University of M.A., Ph.D., Princeton University New York MARTIN J. CANAVAN, C.P.A. ROBERT P. DESIENO Associate Professor of Business PAUL J. CORR, C.P.A. Professor of Computer Science; B.B.A., Siena College; Associate Professor of Business Assistant to Dean of Faculty for Faculty Development M.S., University at Albany, State University B.A., State University of New York at Buffalo; B.S., M.S., Union College; of New York M.S., University at Albany, State University of Ph.D., University of California, Davis New York; * ROBERT E. CARTER JOANNE DEVINE M.A., Ph.D., Washington University Lecturer in Art History; Associate Professor of English Curator, Permanent Art Collection MARY ELIZABETH CORREA B.A., Trinity College; A.B., University of Pennsylvania Associate Professor of Business M.A., Ph.D., Michigan State University M.A., Williams College B.S., Boston College; TERENCE DIGGORY M.S.N., Yale University, School of Nursing; KATHARINE CARTWRIGHT Professor of English, Ph.D., Purdue University Lecturer in Geology Courtney and Steven Ross Professor of B.A.. College of Charleston; MARY M. CRONE Interdisciplinary Studies; M.S., Syracuse University Assistant Professor of Physics, Coordinator, Liberal Studies 1 Charles Lubin Family Professor for Women in B.A., Yale University; * VEENA CHANDRA Science D. Phil., Oxford University Lecturer in Music B.S., College of William and Mary; B.T., M.A., Agra University; MARY DISANTO-ROSE Ph.D., University of Michigan M.M., Prayay Sangit Samiti Associate Professor of Dance; * PATRICIA CULBERT Director, Dance Program MAO CHEN Lecturer in Theater B.S., St. Lawrence University; Associate Professor of Chinese B.A., Tufts University; M.Ed., Ed.D., Temple University B.A., Beijing Second Foreign Languages M.F.A., Boston Univeristy Institute; CATHERINE DOMOZYCH M.A., Ph.D., State University of New York at JOHN CUNNINGHAM JR. Senior Teaching Associate in Biology Stony Brook Professor of Art, B.A., Glenville State College; Robert Davidson Professor of Art Ph.D., Miami University * MARY HONG-YU CHEN B.A., Kenyon College; Lecturer in Foreign Languages and Literatures DAVID DOMOZYCH B.F.A., M.F.A., Yale University Advanced Teaching Certification for College Professor of Biology Level, Beijing; DANIEL CURLEY B.S., Southern Connecticut State University; M.A., Queens College of City University Lecturer in Classics Ph.D., Miami University of New York; B.A., Beloit College; JOAN DELAHANTY DOUGLAS Certificate of Advanced Study in Music A.M., Washington University Professor of Psychology Education, New York Univeristy * JOHN DANISON B.S., Cornell University; NGINA S. CHITEJI Lecturer in Art M.S., State University of New York Assistant Professor of Economics B.A., Empire State College College at Brockport; A.B., Brown University; Ph.D., University at Albany, State University GAUTAM DASGUPTA Ph.D., University of North Carolina of New York Professor of Theater; RALPH A. CIANCIO Chair, Department of Theater CHRISTINA K. EDDY Professor of English B.S., Jadavpur University; Assistant Professor of Biology B.A., Duquesne University; M.F.A., M.A., University of Connecticut B.A., Cornell College; M.A., Pennsylvania State University; Ph.D., Marquette University * NANCY JO DAVIDSEN Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh Lecturer in Music WILLIAM EDWARDS MICHAEL CLAPPER B.A., Barnard College F. William Harder Professor of Business Assistant Professor of Art History M.B.A., Wharton School of Business, University KATHRYN DAVIS B.A., Swarthmore College of Pennsylvania Professor of English M.F.A., Washington University; B.A., Goddard College 1 GOVE W. EFFINGER M.A., Ph.D., Northwestern University Associate Professor of Mathematics 1 ALICE M. DEAN B.A., Williams College; Associate Professor of Mathematics M.A., University of Oregon; B.A., Herbert H. Lehman College of the City Ph.D., University of Massachusetts University of New York; 154 M.A., Ph.D., University of Massachusetts * MICHAEL EMERY * MARK FOSTER * DOUGLAS GLOVER Lecturer in Music Lecturer in Music Visiting Writer-in-Residence, English B.S., College of St. Rose; B.M., Eastman School of Music, University of B.A., York University; M.M., Manhattan School of Music Rochester M.Lit., University of Edinburgh; M.F.A., University of Iowa MICHAEL C. ENNIS-MCMILLAN WILLIAM FOX Assistant Professor of Anthropology Professor of Sociology; 3 CATHERINE GOLDEN B.S., Northern Michigan University; Chair, Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Associate Professor of English M.A., Ph.D., Michigan State University Social Work A.B., Brown University; B.A., University of Michigan; Ed.D., Harvard University; GERALD M. ERCHAK M.A., Ph.D., Indiana University Ph.D., University of Michigan Professor of Anthropology B.A., Ohio State University; COREY R. FREEMAN-GALLANT BARRY GOLDENSOHN A.M., Ph.D., Harvard University Assistant Professor of Biology Professor of English A.B., Bowdoin College; B.A., Oberlin College; CYNTHIA A. EVANS Ph.D., Cornell University M.A., University of Wisconsin Lecturer in French; Director, Foreign Language Resource Center STEVEN T. FREY FRANCISCO GONZALEZ B.A., Central Washington University; Assistant Professor of Chemistry Associate Professor of Philosophy M.A., Arizona State University B.S., Ithaca College; B.A., Northern Illinois University; Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University M.A., Ph.D., University of Toronto DENISE L. EVERT Assistant Professor of Psychology * JOHN GALT * CHARLOTTE M. GOODMAN B.A., Gettysburg College; Visiting Assistant Professor of Art Professor of English M.A., Wesleyan University; B.A., State University of New York College at B.A., Wellesley College; M.A., Ph.D., Princeton University Cortland M.A.T., Harvard University; M.F.A., University of Pennsylvania M.A., Ph.D., Brandeis University DAVID H. EYMAN Professor of Liberal Studies; MICHAEL J. GARCIA GREGORY A GOODWIN Lecturer in History Teaching Associate in Athletics, Assistant Professor of Psychology A.B., M.A., Ohio University; Athletic Trainer B.A., Rhodes College; A.M.L.S., Ph.D., University of Michigan B.A., State University of New York College at M.A., Wake Forest University; Potsdam; Ph.D., State University of New York, GIUSEPPE FAUSTINI M.S., Alfred University Binghamton Professor of Italian; Chair, Department of Foreign Languages and LYNNE L. GELBER SARAH WEBSTER GOODWIN Literatures Professor of French Professor of English; B.A., Immaculate Conception College; B.A., M.A., Bryn Mawr College; Chair, Department of English M.A., Middlebury College; Ph.D., University of Colorado A.B., Harvard University; Ph.D., Harvard University M.A., Ph.D., Brown University MARY ANNE GERZANICK PATRICIA FEHLING Teaching Associate in Athletics BENJAMIN GORDON AssociateProfessor of Exercise Science B.A., M.S., Ohio Wesleyan University Research Associate in Business B.S., M.S., Northern Illinois University; B.A., Carleton College; * HELEN T. GHIRADELLA Ph.D., University of Illinois A.M., University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Research Associate in Biology JOANNE M. FELT B.A., City College of New York; KATHERINE E. GRANEY Associate Professor of Art M.S., Cornell University; Visiting Instructor in Government B.F.A. (Art Education), B.F.A. (Painting), Ph.D., University of California, Santa Barbara B.A., College of the Holy Cross; M.F.A., University of Illinois M.A., University of Wisconsin, Madison * UNDINE GIGUERE DEBRA FERNANDEZ Lecturer in Liberal Studies CHARLENE GRANT Associate Professor of Dance Ph.D., University at Albany, State University of Lecturer in Foreign Languages and Literatures B.A., University of South Florida New York B.A., M.A., University of Minnesota; M.B.A., Eastern Washington University 3 PAT FERRAIOLI RAYMOND GIGUERE Assistant Professor of Government Professor of Chemistry JANE S. GRAVES B.A., M.A., Ph.D., University at Albany, State B.A., Kalamazoo College; Associate Professor, Fine and Performing Arts University of New York Dr. rer. nat., University of Hannover Librarian B.A., University of Kansas; * D. LESLIE FERST ERIKA GILLIS M.L.S., University at Albany, State University Visiting Assistant Professor of Art Teaching Associate in Athletics of New York B.A., Skidmore College; B.A., Connecticut College; M.F.A., Boston University M.S., University of Illinois * GENE MARIE GREEN Lecturer in Music 2 HUGH J. FOLEY 3 ROY H. GINSBERG B.M., Oberlin College Conservatory Associate Professor of Psychology Professor of Government B.A., St. John Fisher College; B.A., Bradley University; KATE GREENSPAN Ph.D., State University of New York at Stony M.A., Ph.D., George Washington University Associate Professor of English Brook B.A., Skidmore College; PAUL B. GIRMA M.A., Ph.D., University of Massachusetts, MARY ANN FOLEY Assistant Professor of Business Amherst Professor of Psychology B.S., City College of New York; B.A., Nazareth College of Rochester; M.S., University of Southern California; Ph.D., State University of New York at Stony M.B.A., Ph.D., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Brook 155 GRANT GUTHEIL STEVEN A. HOFFMANN CHARLES M. JOSEPH Assistant Professor of Psychology Professor of Government Professor of Music B.A., State University of New York College at B.A., Harpur College, State University of Kenan Professor of Liberal Arts Geneseo; New York at Binghamton; B.M., West Virginia University; Ph.D., University of Michigan M.A., Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania M.M., University of Illinois; Ph.D., University of Cincinnati College- *WILMA B. HALL 1 MARK HOFMANN Conservatory of Music Visiting Associate Professor of American Studies, Associate Professor of Mathematics Visiting Associate Professor of English B.S., Bates College; DAVID KARP B.A., Bucknell University; M.S., Ph.D., University of New Hampshire Assistant Professor of Sociology M.A., Columbia University; B.A., University of California, ANTHONY HOLLAND Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania M.A., Ph.D., University of Washington Associate Professor of Music JUDITH A. HALSTEAD B.M., Baldwin-Wallace College; 3 JAMES J. KENNELLY Associate Professor of Chemistry; M.M., D.M.A., Cleveland Institute of Music Assistant Professor of Business Director, Environmental Studies Program and Case Western Reserve University B.S., Montclair State College; B.A., State University of New York at M.B.A., Ph.D., New York University JOHN R. HUCKEL Binghamton; Teaching Associate in Athletics JAMES KIEHL Ph.D., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute A.B., Grove City College; Associate Professor of English PATRICIA HAN M.A., University of Denver B.A., Washington and Jefferson College; Lecturer in Foreign Languages and Literatures Ph.D., Syracuse University MARK E. HUIBREGTSE B.A., Haverford College; Professor of Mathematics * ANN S. KNICKERBOCKER M.A., M.Phil., Columbia University B.A., Haverford College; Lecturer in Liberal Studies; * PHILIP J. HARDY Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology Associate Director, Higher Education Opportunity Lecturer in Liberal Studies Program * ELIZABETH HUNTLEY B.A., Otterbein College; B.A., Skidmore College; Lecturer in Music M.A., Ohio University; M.A., Syracuse University B.A., Union College; Ph.D., Bowling Green State University M.A., Boston University; TIM KOECHLIN TIMOTHY L. HARPER M.M., New England Conservatory of Music Associate Professor of Economics Lecturer in Business, B.A., Ph.D., University of Massachusetts, R. DANIEL HURWITZ Trustee Visiting Scholar Amherst Professor of Mathematics; B.S., M.B.A., Bowling Green State University Chair, Department of Mathematics and Computer * CHRISTINE KOPEC KATHERINE HAUSER Science Lecturer in Business Assistant Professor of Art History B.A., Macalester College; A.B., Ripon College; B.A., University of California, Davis M.S., Ph.D., University of Illinois J.D., Albany Law School M.A., Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles MASAKO INAMOTO SUSAN KRESS * PATRICIA HENDERER Lecturer in Japanese Professor of English Lecturer in Dance B.S., Kwansei Gakuin University; Class of 1948 Professor for Excellence in Teaching M.S., University at Albany, State University B.A. Manchester University; BARBARA D. HENRIQUES of New York Ph.D., Cambridge University Assistant Professor of Education A.A., A.S., Holyoke Community College; REGINA M. JANES TADAHISA KURODA B.S., University of Massachusetts; Professor of English Professor of History M. Div., Yale University; A.B., University of California, Berkeley; B.A., Yale College; M.S., Bank Street College of Education; M.A., Ph.D., Harvard University M.A., Ph.D., Columbia University Ed.D., University of Massachusetts 2 HÉDI A. JAOUAD * ERIC LATINI RICHARD HIHN Associate Professor of French Lecturer in Music Artist-in-Residence, Music B.A., University of Tunis; B.M., New England Conservatory of Music B.M., Eastman School of Music M.A., La Sorbonne Nouvelle; * SUSAN B. LAYDEN M.M., University of Michigan; Ph.D., Temple University Lecturer in Liberal Studies; D.M.A., University of Colorado KENNETH G. JOHNSON Director, Higher Education Opportunity Program * HELMUT V. B. HIRSCH Professor of Geology B.A., Siena College; Research Associate in Biology B.S., Union College; M.S., College of St. Rose A.B., University of Chicago; M.S., Michigan State University, 2 KATE LEAVITT Ph.D., Stanford University Ph.D., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Assistant Professor of Art MATTHEW D. HOCKENOS PENNY JOLLY B.F.A., University of Southern Maine; Assistant Professor of History Professor of Art History; M.A., M.F.A., University at Albany, State B.A., Connecticut College; B.A., Oberlin College; University of New York M.A., Ph.D., New York University M.A., Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania * PATRICIA-ANN LEE HOLLEY S. HODGINS ROBERT J. JONES Professor of History; Associate Professor of Psychology Associate Professor of Economics B.S., Kean College; B.S., Roberts Wesleyan College; B.A., St. John’s University; M.A., Ph.D., Columbia University M.A., St. Bonaventure University; M.A., M. Phil., Ph.D., Columbia University SUSAN S. LEHR Ph.D., University of Rochester Professor of Education B.A., Concordia Teachers College; 156 M.A., St. Louis University; Ph.D., Ohio State University ELZBIETA LEPKOWSKA-WHITE * JEFFREY W. LIPPITT RORY M. MCVEIGH Visiting Instructor in Business Lecturer in Business Assistant Professor of Sociology B.S., M.S., University of Olsztyn; B.S., Lehigh University; B.A., University of Arizona; M.S., University of Florida M.S., University at Albany, State University of M.A., Ph.D., University of North Carolina, New York; Chapel Hill JUAN CARLOS LÉRTORA Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University Professor of Spanish * LESLIE MECHEM Prof. de Castellano, Valparaiso; * PATRICIA LYELL Lecturer in Classics, Ph.D., University of Alberta Visiting Assistant Professor of Art Lecturer in Art History B.S., Skidmore College; B.A., Douglass College, Rutgers University 2 RUTH ANDREA LEVINSON M.F.A., Maryland Institute of Art Associate Professor of Education; MARGO MENSING Chair, Department of Education * RICHARD F. LYMAN Visiting Assistant Professor of Art B.A., Sarah Lawrence College; Visiting Lecturer in Education B.A., M.A., University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; M.S.Ed., Bank Street College of Education; B.S., State University of New York, Brockport; M.F.A., School of the Art Institute of Chicago Ph.D., Stanford Graduate School of Education M.A., Syracuse University ROY S. MEYERS MURRAY J. LEVITH MARY C. LYNN Professor of Biology Professor of English Professor of American Studies A.B., Brown University; B.A., Washington and Jefferson College; B.A., Elmira College; Ph.D., State University of New York, M.A., University of Nebraska; Ph.D., University of Rochester Downstate Medical Center Ph.D., Syracuse University * PATRICE MALATESTINIC PAUL MICHALEC 3 ERIC ELLIOTT LEWIS Lecturer in Music Assistant Professor of Education Assistant Professor of Business B.A., University at Albany, State University B.S., Cornell University; B.S., Siena College; of New York; M.A., Mankato State University; M.B.A., Ph.D., Union College M.M., College of St. Rose Ph.D., University of Colorado at Boulder THOMAS S. W. LEWIS * ADRIANA MARKOVSKA DAVID J. MILLER Professor of English, Lecturer in Dance Professor of Art, Quadracci Professor of Social Responsibility Diploma, Conservatory of Music, Kosice; Ella Van Dyke Tuthill ’32 Professor of Studio Art; B.A., University of New Brunswick; M.M., Charles University, Prague Director, Schick Art Gallery M.A., Ph.D., Columbia University B.F.A., Art Institute of Chicago; * SUSAN MARTULA M.S., University of Wisconsin 3 REGINALD LILLY Lecturer in Music Associate Professor of Philosophy B.A., Smith College; DORETTA MILLER B.A., University of Vermont; M.M., Manhattan School of Music Associate Professor of Art M.A., Ph.D., Duquesne University B.A., Ripon College; MICHAEL S. MARX M.A., Ed.D., M.F.A., Northern Illinois DENISE WARNER LIMOLI Associate Professor of English University Associate Professor of Dance B.A., Columbia University; M.A., Ph.D., University of Michigan STEVEN MILLHAUSER RICHARD H. LINDEMANN Professor of English Associate Professor of Geology ALAIN MATTHEY de L’ETANG B.A., Columbia College B.S., State University of New York College Lecturer in French; at Oneonta; Director of Study Abroad Program, Paris 1 JOHN MOORE M.S., Ph.D., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute B.A., University of Paris VIII; Senior Artist-in-Residence, Art B.A., M.A., Ph.D., University of Paris I Sorbonne B.F.A., M.A., Kent State University * JACK TAK FOK LING Lecturer in Liberal Studies; REINHARD MAYER * DEBORAH MORRIS Director, Office of Diversity and Affirmative Action Visiting Associate Professor of German Visiting Assistant Professor of Art B.A., M.A., Indiana University; B.A., Tufts University; B.F.A., Arizona State University; Ph.D., Duquesne University M.A., Eberhard-Karls Universität, Tübingen; M.F.A., California State University Ph.D., Northwestern University RICHARD LINKE W. MICHAEL MUDROVIC Associate Professor of Art K. GARY MCCLURE Associate Professor of Spanish B.S., B.A., St. Lawrence University; Associate Professor of Business; B.A., University of Missouri; M.F.A., Ohio University Director, International Affairs Program M.S., Washington University; B.S., United States Naval Academy; Ph.D., University of Kansas ROBERT LINROTHE M.B.A., Dartmouth College; Assistant Professor of Art History MICHELLE NAPIERSKI-PRANCL Ph.D., University of Central Florida B.A., University of Minnesota; Visiting Assistant Professor of Sociology M.A., Ph.D., University of Chicago * DONALD J. MCCORMACK B.A., Siena College; Associate Professor of Government; Ph.D., University at Albany, State University of JILL A. LINZ Dean of Special Programs New York Teaching Associate in Physics B.A., Bucknell University; B.S., Stockton State College; VASANTHA NARASIMHAN M.A., Ph.D., University at Albany, State M.S., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Professor of Chemistry University of New York B.S., M.S., Madras University; JEANETTE L. LIPPITT JULIA MCGINNIS Ph.D., University at Albany, State University Lecturer in Business Assistant Librarian of New York B.B.A., Siena College; B.A., Wellesley Collge M.S., Ph.D., Graduate Management Institute, M.I.L.S., University of Michigan Union College 157 JOHN NAZARENKO MARGARET PEARSON * DAVID M. RIVES Artist-in-Residence, Music Associate Professor of History; Lecturer in Music B.A., Skidmore College; Chair, Department of History B.M., Florida State University; M.S., University at Albany, State University B.A., Smith College; M.M., Cincinnati Technical College; of New York M.A., Ph.D., University of Washington D.M.A., Ohio University BARBARA NORELLI DAVID PETERSON * JAY ROGOFF Assistant Librarian, Social Science Librarian Associate Professor of Art Lecturer in Liberal Studies B.A., M.L.S., University at Albany, State B.A., State University of New York College B.A., University of Pennsylvania; University of New York at Geneseo; M.A., D.A., Syracuse University M.F.A., Indiana State University 3 MARY-ELIZABETH O’BRIEN DEBORAH ROHR Associate Professor of German GREGORY M. PFITZER Associate Professor of Music B.A., California State University, Long Beach; Associate Professor of American Studies; B.A., Bennington College; M.A., Ph.D., University of California, Los Chair, Department of American Studies M.A., Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania; Angeles A.B., Colby College; Ph.D., Eastman School of Music, University of A.M., Ph.D., Harvard University Rochester MEHMET ODEKON Associate Professor of Economics; FLIP PHILLIPS * PHYLLIS A. ROTH Chair, Department of Economics Assistant Professor of Psychology Professor of English; B.A., Bogazici University; B.F.A., M.A., Ph.D., Ohio State University Dean of the Faculty M.A., Ph.D., University at Albany, State A.B., Clark University; RONALD PLOURDE University of New York M.A., Ph.D., University of Connecticut Teaching Associate in Athletics THOMAS P. OLES B. A., St. Joseph's College; ROY J. ROTHEIM Associate Professor of Social Work; M.S., Frostburg State University Professor of Economics; Interim Dean of Student Affairs Chair, Department of Business BERNARD POSSIDENTE B.A., Utica College of Syracuse University; B.A., Ohio University; Professor of Biology M.S.W., Syracuse University M.A., Ph.D., Rutgers University B.A., Wesleyan University; * BARBARA OPITZ Ph.D., University of Iowa ELAINE C. RUBENSTEIN Lecturer in Theater Professor of Biology JOHN QUATTROCHI B.A., Queens College, City University of B.A., State University of New York at Buffalo; Teaching Associate in Athletics New York; Ph.D., University of Pennsylvania B.A., M.A., University at Albany, State M.A., Teachers College, Columbia University University of New York JOYCE RUBIN LARY OPITZ Lecturer in Education SUMA RAJIVA Associate Professor of Theater B.A., M.S., Hunter College; Visiting Instructor in Philosophy B.A., Queens College, City University of Professional Diploma in Administration/ B.A., M.A., Concordia University, Montreal New York Supervision, City University of New York * JON R. RAMSEY PHILLIP A. ORTIZ PATRICIA RUBIO Associate Professor of English; Assistant Professor of Biology Associate Professor of Spanish; Dean of Studies B.S., State University of New York at Director, Womens Studies Program B.A., San Diego State University; Binghamton; Prof. de Castellano, Valparaiso; M.A., Ph.D., University of California, Riverside Ph.D., State University of New York at Stony Ph.D., University of Alberta Brook 3 VIVIANA RANGIL PAUL SATTLER Assistant Professor of Spanish ROBERT M. OSWALT Assistant Professor of Art B.A., Insituto Padre Gabriel Tommasini; Professor of Psychology B.F.A., School of the Art Institute of Chicago; M.A., Universidad Nacional de Tucumán; B.A., DePauw University; M.F.A., Indiana University Ph.D., University at Albany, State University of M.A., Ph.D., Louisiana State University New York BRIAN SCHROEDER CHRISTINE M. PAGE Visiting Assistant Professor of Philosophy AMELIA RAUSER Assistant Professor of Business B. A., Edinboro University of Pennyslvania; Assistant Professor of Art History B.S., M.S., Ph.D., University of Colorado at M. Div., Princeton Theological Seminary; B.A., University of California, Berkeley; Boulder M.A., Ph. D., State University of New York at M.A., Ph.D., Northwestern University Stony Brook LORETTA M. PARSONS MONICA RAVERET-RICHTER Senior Teaching Associate in Biology REGINA SCHROEDER Associate Professor of Biology; B.A., College of St. Catherine; Lecturer in Foreign Languages and Literatures Chair, Department of Biology M.S., Case Western Reserve University B.A., Iberoamerican University, Mexico City; B.A., M.S., University of Wisconsin; M.A., University of Maryland at College Park 1 RAJAGOPAL PARTHASARATHY Ph.D., Cornell University Associate Professor of English ANN SEATON JOANNE E. REGER B.A., M.A., Bombay University; Assistant Professor of English Visiting Assistant Professor of Sociology Postgraduate Diploma, Leeds University; B.A., Wellesley College; B. A., M.A., Ph. D., Ohio State University Ph.D., University of Texas Ph.D., Harvard University LAWRENCE R. RIES * PATRICIA PAWLICZAK 4 JEFFREY O. SEGRAVE Lecturer in Liberal Studies Lecturer in Theater Professor of Exercise Science; B. A., Thomas More College; B.S., College of St. Rose Chair, Department of Exercise Science, Dance, and M.A., Ph.D., Southern Illinois University Athletics JANIS SKOG RITORTO B.Ed., University of Exeter; Senior Teaching Associate in Chemistry M.S., Washington State University; 158 B.A., Skidmore College Ph.D., Arizona State University RONALD P. SEYB WILLIAM J. STANDISH JOSEPH THORNTON Associate Professor of Government Associate Professor of Physics; Assistant Librarian B.A., University of California, Irvine; Chair, Department of Chemistry and Physics B.S., Villanova University; M.A., M.Phil., Ph.D., Yale University B.A., Harpur College; M.L.S., University at Albany, State University of M.A., Ph.D., State University of New New York M. LESLIE SHIELL York, Binghamton Visiting Assistant Professor of Economics 3 TATYANA TOLSTAYA B.A., University of British Columbia; MARY ZEISS STANGE Associate Professor of English M.A., Ph.D., Universityof Toronto Associate Professor of Religion, M.A., State University of Leningrad A.B., M.A., Ph.D, Syracuse University LINDA L. SIMON * ROGER TRIENENS Associate Professor of English; * SARAH STEBBINS Research Associate in Library Director, Expository Writing Program Lecturer in Philosophy and Religion B.A., M.A., Ph.D., Northwestern University; B.A., Queens College; B.A., M.A., Ph.D., University of California, M.A. in L.S., University of Michigan M.A., New York University; Berkeley JAMES P. TUCCI Ph.D., Brandeis University STEVE STERN Teaching Associate in Athletics DENISE L. SMITH Writer-in-Residence, English B.S., Jacksonville University Associate Professor of Exercise Science B.A., Southwestern at Memphis; ANNE Z. TURNER B.S., Houghton College; M.F.A., University of Arkansas at Fayetteville Artist-in-Residence, Music M.S., Ph.D., University of Illinois MASON STOKES B.A., Eastman School of Music, JOEL R. SMITH Assistant Professor of English University of Rochester; Associate Professor of Philosophy B.A., University of South Carolina; M.A., California State College B.A., Carleton College; M.A., Ph.D., University of Virginia * SHEILA TUTTLE M.A., Ph.D., M.A., Vanderbilt University JILL D. SWEET Research Associate in Biology SHIRLEY SMITH Professor of Anthropology B.A., George Mason University; Associate Professor of Italian B.A., M.F.A., University of California, Irvine; M.S., Antioch New England Graduate School B.A., M.A., University of Wisconsin; M.A., Ph.D., University of New Mexico STEVEN A. TYSOE M.A., Ph.D.; Harvard University * RICH SYRACUSE Assistant Professor of Chemistry DAREN SNIDER Lecturer in Music B.A., Queens College; Lecturer in Foreign Languages and Literatures B.A., Manhattan School of Music M.Phil., Ph.D., City University of New York B.A., University of California, Riverside; KATHLEEN SZANTOR ALDO C. VACS M.A., University of Wisconsin, Madison; Visiting Assistant Professor of French Professor of Government, CARLA J. SOFKA B.S., M.A., Ph.D., University of Wisconsin Joseph C. Palamountain Professor of Government; Visiting Assistant Professor of Social Work Chair, Department of Government 2 KRZYSZTOF SZYMBORSKI B.S., University of Illinois; B.A., Universidade de Sao Paulo; Associate Professor, Science Librarian M.S.W., Ph. D., Washington University M.A., Ph.D., University of Pittsburgh M.S., Warsaw University; SHELDON SOLOMON M.L.S., University of Illinois; SUE VAN HOOK Professor of Psychology; Ph.D., Polish Academy of Sciences Senior Teaching Associate in Biology Chair, Department of Psychology; B.A., M.A., Humboldt State University MARY ELIZABETH TABER B.A., Franklin and Marshall College; Visiting Instructor in Business HARRY van der HULST M.A., Ph.D., University of Kansas, Lawrence A.B., Vassar College; Distinguished Visiting Fellow in Arts and Sciences * PHILIP SOLTANOFF M.P.P.M., Yale School of Management M.A., Ph.D.,University of Leiden Artist-in-Residence, Theater MARGARET N. TACARDON * BENJAMIN VAN WYE B.A., Kenyon College Associate Professor of Social Work Lecturer in Music JANET SORENSEN B.A., State University of New York College B.Mus., University of Texas; Associate Professor of Art at Plattsburgh; M.A., Ohio State University; B.F.A., Kansas State University; M.S.W., University at Albany, State M.M., University of London, King’s College; M.A., M.F.A., University of Iowa University of New York D.M.A., University of Illinois RICHARD L. SPEERS JENNIFER ROSS TAXMAN LYNDA D. VARGHA Associate Professor of Mathematics Assistant Librarian Assistant Professor of Economics B.A., M.A., Ph.D., University of Kansas B.A., Purdue University; A.B., Wellesley College; M.S., University of Illinois M.Ed.,Harvard University; PETER STAKE M.S., Ph.D., University of Wisconsin, Madison Associate Professor of Art; JOHN J. THOMAS Chair, Department of Art and Art History Professor of Geology; DAVID C. VELLA B.F.A., Arizona State University; Chair, Department of Geology Associate Professor of Mathematics M.F.A., California State University B.A., Williams College; B.A., American International College; M.A., Northwestern University; Ph.D., University of Virginia CHARLES STAINBACK Ph.D., University of Kansas Professor in Liberal Studies; JAN VINCI Dayton Director,Tang Teaching Museum and Art GORDON R. THOMPSON Artist-in-Residence, Music Gallery Associate Professor of Music; B.M., Bowling Green State University; B.F.A., Kansas City Art Institute; Chair, Department of Music M.M., Cleveland Institute of Music; M.F.A., State University of New York at Buffalo; B.M., University of Windsor; D.M.A., The Juilliard School M.M., University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign; Ph.D., University of California, Los Angeles 159 * MARK VINCI JOANNA SCHNEIDER ZANGRANDO SANG LEE Lecturer in Music Professor of American Studies, Language Assistant (Korean) Douglas Family Professor of American Culture, B.S., M.S., University of Saskatchewan PIERRE vonKAENEL History, Literary and Interdisciplinary Studies; Associate Professor of Computer Science; COURTNEY PHIBBS Director of Liberal Studies Director, Mathematics-Computer Science Laboratory Assistant in Riding B.A., M.A., Wayne State University; B.A., Hamilton College; B.A., Skidmore College Ph.D., George Washington University M.A., Ph.D., Syracuse University POLINA SHVARTSMAN SUSAN H. ZAPPEN ANNE M. WAGNER Language Assistant (Russian) Associate Librarian Senior Teaching Associate in Chemistry B.S., M.S.M.E., Odessa Institute of Technology B.A.; M.A., University of Missouri B.S., Marymount College; REBECCA VAN VORST M.A., State University of New York at ADRIENNE ZUERNER Assistant in Psychology Binghamton Assistant Professor of French B.A., Skidmore College A.B., University of California, Santa Barbara; RENEE B. WALKER M.A., Ph.D., University of Michigan Visiting Assistant Professor of Anthropology B.A., Indiana University of Pennsylvania; Athletics Personnel M.A., Ph.D., University of Tennessee Department Assistants 2 SUSAN WALZER Athletics Director: P. Timothy Brown Assistant Professor of Sociology KAREN ARCIERO Assistant Athletics Director: Katharine DeLorenzo A.B., Brown University; Assistant in Exercise Science Athletic Trainer: Michael Garcia M.S.W., Smith College; M.S., Springfield College Facilities Coordinator: Paul Dion Equipment Manager and Intramurals Director: Ph.D., University at Albany, State University of JUDITH AVITABILE New York Hilda Arrechea Accompanist in Music ERIC J. WELLER B.S., Skidmore College; Head Coaches: Associate Professor of Philosophy; M.M., Westminster Choir College Chair, Department of Philosophy and Religion PAUL ARCIERO MANOEL CARTAGENES B.A., Hofstra College; Men’s Tennis Language Assistant (Portuguese) Ph.D., University of Rochester A.A., Rio De Janeiro Industrial College * HILDA ARRECHEA Women’s Volleyball ALAN WHEELOCK CHRIS CASERTINO Visiting Associate Professor of English Assistant in Biology TIMOTHY BROWN A.B., Queens College; Men’s Golf A.M., Hunter College; VEENA CHANDRA Ph.D., University at Albany, State University Language Assistant (Hindi) TERRANCE CORCORAN of New York B.T., M.A., Agra University; Men’s Lacrosse M.M., Prayay Sangit Samitri MARC-ANDRÉ WIESMANN KATHARINE DELORENZO Associate Professor of French LORI A. DAWSON Women’s Field Hockey, Women’s Lacrosse B.A., University of California, Berkeley; Technical Director, Lighting Designer, Manager of PAUL DION M.A., Ph.D., University of California, Los Dance Theater Men’s Ice Hockey, Women’s Soccer Angeles B.A., University of Akron; M.F.A.,University of Massachusetts at Amherst CINDY FORD GARETT WILSON Director of Coed Riding Program Lecturer in Theater CAROL ELZE B.A., University at Albany, State University of Accompanist in Dance MARY ANNE GERZANICK New York Men’s Swimming and Diving PAIGE FAUBEL Women’s Swimming and Diving STUART K. WITT Assistant in Riding Associate Professor of Government B.A., Hamilton College ERIKA GILLIS Women’s Basketball B.A., Columbia University; JUDY FITZNER-ATCHINSON M.A., Ph.D., Syracuse University Dance Musician JOHN HUCKEL * MARC WOODWORTH B.A., University of Hartford; Men’s Soccer Lecturer in English M.M., Hart College of Music JOHN E. QUATTROCHI B.A., Skidmore College; SONIA GOLDMAN Men’s Basketball M.A., Ohio University Language Assistant (Hebrew) RONALD PLOURDE * DAVID YERGAN B.A., Brooklyn College; Baseball Lecturer in Theater; M.S., Sage Graduate School JEFFREY SEGRAVE Technical Director, Theater PATRICIA HADFIELD Women’s Tennis B.S., Skidmore College Accompanist in Music TBA MARK A. YOUNDT B.M., Crane School of Music, State University of Women’s Softball Assistant Professor of Business New York at Potsdam B.A., Gettysburg Collge; REGINA HARTMANN JAMES TUCCI M.B.A., Rollins College; Language Assistant (Arabic) Men’s and Women’s Crew Ph.D., Pennsylvania State University Ph.D., University of Erlangen RENEE HOSTETLER Accompanist in Music B.M., Sam Houston State University; 160 M.M., Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester JUDY McCORMACK, M.S.W. Administration Director, Counseling Center Alumni Association MICHAEL PROFITA, M.A. Office of the President Director, Career Services The Skidmore College Alumni Association promotes the interests of the College and JAMIENNE S. STUDLEY, J.D. JON R. RAMSEY, Ph.D. encourages a lifelong relationship between President Dean of Studies Skidmore and its alumni. Membership includes JACK TAK FOK LING, Ph.D. ANITA L. STEIGERWALD, M.S. all graduates and former students and numbered Director, Diversity and Affirmative Action Associate Dean of Student Affairs for Leadership over 23,831 in 1998-99. Through an elected Activities and Dean for First-Year Students KATHLEEN A. WIATER, B.A. board of directors, the association functions as a Assistant to the President PATRICIA ROLLINS TROSCLAIR, B.A. department of the College and conducts class Assistant to the Dean for Multicultural Student and club programs, the Annual Alumni Giving Office of the Dean of the Faculty program, and programs (on and off campus) Enrollment and College Relations that address educational and/or social issues. PHYLLIS A. ROTH, Ph.D. Dean of the Faculty KENT H. JONES, M.Ed. Dean of Enrollment and College Relations Board of Directors (1999-2000) SUSAN BENDER, Ph.D. Beverly Harrison Miller ’67 Associate Dean of the Faculty MARY LOU W. BATES, A.B. Director, Admissions President ROBERT P. DESIENO, Ph.D. Vincent Catalano ’83 Assistant to the Dean for Faculty Development ROBERT S. KIMMERLE, M.A. Director, College Relations Chair, Awards Committee ANN L. HENDERSON, M.A. Barbara Underhill Collyer ’52 Registrar; ROBERT D. SHORB, M.S. Alumna Trustee Director of Institutional Research Director, Student Aid and Family Finance George Constant ’86 RUTH COPANS, M.L.S. Special Programs Chair, Alumni Clubs Acting College Librarian DONALD J. McCORMACK, Ph.D. Ann Moses Douglas ’56 CHARLES STAINBACK, M.F.A. Dean of Special Programs Alumna Trustee Director, Tang Teaching Museum and Art Gallery SHARON ARPEY Sibyl Waterman Haley ’71 Business Affairs Director, Community Education and Summer Chair, Reunion Giving Conferences KARL W. BROEKHUIZEN, M.B.A. Spencer Goldin ’93 Vice President for Business Affairs and Treasurer BETH BRUCKER-KANE, B.A. Chair, Young Alumni Giving Development Associate CHRISTINE KACZMAREK, M.S. Beverly Fuhrmann Gregory ’64 Director, Business Services JAMES CHANSKY, Ph.D. Vice President, Annual Fund Director, Summer Special Programs and Summer BARBARA E. BECK, M.A. School Christine Wilsey Goodwin ’67 Director, Human Resources Chair, Friends of the Presidents Committee CORNEL J. REINHART, Ph.D. PHILIP L. CIFARELLI, B.S., C.P.A. Director, University Without Walls Pamela Schick Kelsey ’70 Director, Financial Services Alumna Trustee DAVID P. GLASER, Ph.D. MICHAEL F. HALL, B.S. Director, External Master’s Program in Liberal Melanie Lee ’83 Director, Financial Planning and Budgeting Studies Chair, Diversity KENNETH E. HAPEMAN, B.S. Scott Martin ’79 Development and Alumni Affairs Director, Center for Information Technology Services Alumnus Trustee BENJAMIN B. PRICE, B.S., P.E. MARNY KRAUSE, M.Ed. Laura Martin McConkey ’84 Director, Facilities Services Acting Vice President for Development and Alumni Chair, Alumni Admissions Affairs Justin Model ’91 Student Affairs TRACY W. BARLOCK, B.A. Chair, Young Alumni and Undergraduate Activities Director, Leadership Gifts THOMAS P. OLES, M.S.W. Robert Resnick ’88 Interim Dean of Student Affairs KIMBERLY G. BERRY, B.S. Chair, Alumni Reunion Director, Advancement Services KATHLEEN BUCKLEY, M.Div. Barbara Sabia ’80 College Chaplain DONALD L. BLUNK, B.A. Chair, Nominating Director, Planned Giving DONALD HASTINGS, M.S. Terrill Tiffany Sullivan ’62 Associate Dean of Student Affairs; STEPHEN CLARK, Ph.D. Vice President, Alumni Programs Director, Residential Life Director, Annual Fund Jeanne Shipp Waldinger ’62 SONIA A. KISZKA, A.N.P.C., M. Ed. LAWRENCE LICHTENSTEIN ’79, J.D. Vice President, Board Relations Director-Nurse Practitioner, Health and Wellness Director, Foundation and Corporate Relations Center MARY SOLOMONS, B.A. SUSAN B. LAYDEN, M.S. Director, Alumni Affairs 161 Director, Higher Education Opportunity Program Map of Skidmore Campus

Barrett Center (26) Bernhard Theater (6) Bolton Hall (30) Case Center (11) Castle Baseball Diamond/Ingram Park/ Jarvis Pavilion (38) Clinton Street Entrance (40) Colton House (36) Dana Science Center (31) Dance Center (9) Eissner Admissions Center (1) Falstaff’s (32) Filene Music Building (5) Greenberg Child Care Center (8) Harder Hall (4) Haupt Pond/South Park (39) Hoge Heating Plant (34) Howe Hall (25) Jonsson Tower (22) Kimball Hall (18) Ladd Hall (12) Main Entrance (3) McClellan Hall (15) Moore Hall (41) Murray and Aikins Dining Halls (20) North Hall (33) Palamountain Hall (29) Penfield Hall (16) Rounds Hall (24) Saisselin Art Building (7) Scribner House (35) Scribner Library (13) Parking Lots Scribner Village Apartments (21) Skidmore Hall (17) A West Lot A (v) Sports and Recreation Center (10) B West Lot B (v) Starbuck Center (19) C West Lot C (v) Surrey Williamson Inn (2) D Lodge Lot Tisch Learning Center (27) E Sports Center Lot Van Lennep Riding Center (37) F Filene Lot (v) Wait Hall (23) G Case Lot Wilmarth Hall (14) H North Hall Lot Wilson Memorial Chapel (28) I Trades-only Lot J Palamountain Lot K Wait Lot L Tower Lot M Scribner Village Lots

(v) denotes visitor parking

Handicapped parking areas are designated in all parking lots. 162 163 Directory of Offices and Academic Departments

Academic Affairs - Office of the Dean of the Faculty - Foreign Language Resource Center - Bolton Hall Palamountain Hall; Office of Dean of Studies - Starbuck Geology Department - Dana Science Center Center Government Department - Ladd Hall Admissions Office - Eissner Admissions Center Gymnasiums - Sports and Recreation Center Alumni Affairs Office - North Hall Health and Wellness Center - Jonsson Tower American Studies Department - Tisch Learning Center Higher Education Opportunity Program - Starbuck Center Apartments (student) - Scribner Village History Department - Tisch Learning Center Archives - Scribner Library Human Resources Office - Barrett Center Art Collection, Permanent - Scribner Library International Programs Office - Starbuck Center Art and Art History Department, art studios - Library - Scribner Library Saisselin Art Building Management and Business Department - Palamountain Hall Art Gallery, Schick - Saisselin Art Building Master of Arts in Liberal Studies Progam - Ladd Hall Art History offices - Scribner Library Mathematics and Computer Science Department - Biology Department - Dana Science Center Harder Hall Bookstore (The Skidmore Shop) - Case Center Media Services - Palamountain Hall Business Affairs Office - Barrett Center Multicultural Lounge - Case Center Career Services - Starbuck Center Multicultural Students Office - Ladd Hall Center for Information Technology Services - Harder Hall Music Department - Filene Music Building Chapel - Wilson Chapel Pavilion, Student - Falstaff’s Chaplain, Office of - Jonsson Tower Philosophy and Religion Department - Ladd Hall Chemistry and Physics Department - Dana Science Center Post Office - Case Center Child Care Center - Greenberg Child Care Center President’s Office - Palamountain Hall Classics Department - Ladd Hall Psychology Department - Tisch Learning Center College Events Office - North Hall Recital Hall - Filene Music Building College Relations Office - Dana Science Center Registrar’s Office - Starbuck Center Counseling Center - Jonsson Tower Residence Halls - Kimball, Penfield, McClellan, Wilmarth, Dance Theater and Studios - Dance Center Wait, Howe, Rounds, Moore, Skidmore, and Development Office - North Hall, Colton House Jonsson Tower Dining Halls - Murray and Aikins Dining Halls Residential Life Office - Starbuck Center Early Childhood Center - Palamountain Hall Salmagundi Magazine- Palamountain Hall Economics Department - Harder Hall Security - Jonsson Tower Education Department - Palamountain Hall Sociology, Anthropology, and Social Work Department - English Department - Palamountain Hall Tisch Learning Center Exercise Science, Dance, and Athletics Department - Sports The Spa - Case Center and Recreation Center Special Programs Office - Palamountain Hall Facilities Services - North Hall Stables - Van Lennep Riding Center Faculty, Office of the Dean - Palamountain Hall Student Affairs Offices - Case Center Financial Services - Barrett Center Student Aid and Family Finance Office - Starbuck Center Food Services - Murray Dining Hall Student Accounts Office - Starbuck Center Foreign Languages and Literatures Department - Studies, Office of the Dean - Starbuck Center Palamountain Hall Theater Department - Bernhard Theater University Without Walls - Ladd Hall

164 Statements of Policies and Procedures

Procedure for Filing Administrative Complaints Statement of Nondiscrimination

Skidmore College provides a procedural framework for It is the policy of Skidmore College to prohibit discrimination students and parents who are dissatisfied with some aspect of for or against any individual or group of its students, prospec- the cocurricular or curricular experience at the College. When- tive students, employees, or prospective employees on the ever students and parents have questions about College policy basis of race, color, religion, gender, disability, age, national or practice regarding student residence, student life, finance, or ethnic origin, or sexual orientation. The College has academic requirements, or any other aspect of the college established mechanisms to provide prompt, fair, and impartial experience, the first course of action is to initiate a conversation consideration of any complaint of discrimination. Inquiries with members of the staff of the appropriate office. For concerning application of this policy should be directed to the example, student housing and student life questions should be director of diversity and affirmative action initiatives in the directed to the Office of the Dean of Student Affairs, working President’s Office: 518-580-5943. with staff first and then, if difficulties remain, progressing to a conversation with the dean of student affairs. The same steps pertain to questions involving fees or financial aid — the staffs The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of the Office of Financial Services or the Office of Student Aid Policies of Skidmore College and Family Finance are the first points of contact, then the directors of these offices. (A listing of administrative offices can The 1974 Family Education Rights and Privacy Act detailed be found on pages 160-61.) students’ rights of access to their official educational records. If students and parents find that their concerns are not being The legislation gives current and former students of Skidmore adequately addressed, they have recourse with the President’s College the right to inspect, review, and copy their own Office via the assistant to the president. Students and parents permanent records. At Skidmore, the permanent records should call or write the assistant to the president, explaining covered by the Act include: the student’s application for their circumstances and describing the conversations that have admission; high school and/or former college transcript(s); taken place with other College staff. (If the President’s Office is SAT scores; correspondence with the Skidmore Office of the first point of contact, students and parents will be directed Admissions; documents pertaining to grade reports; dates of to the appropriate office for resolution.) The assistant to the attendance; approval of leaves of absence; correspondence with president, and the president if necessary, will assess each case the Deans; senior audits; and the materials contained in the and then respond promptly to the student or parent — in student’s career planning file. written correspondence, with a phone call, or both. Students The Act includes a list of types of records not open to student and parents should expect complaints to be resolved within inspection. These are parents’ financial statements; confidential forty-five days. No adverse action will be taken against a letters and recommendations written before January 1, 1975; student or parent for filing a complaint. Neither the president letters and recommendations written after January 1, 1975 but nor his staff is prepared to change policy, but contact with the specifically designated as confidential; ancillary records of President’s Office may help facilitate resolution in difficult cases. instructional, supervisory and administrative personnel; confidential law enforcement records; and records written by Any individual who believes he or she has been aggrieved by physicians, psychiatrists, psychologists, and other recognized Skidmore College may file a written complaint with the New professionals or paraprofessionals. Students and former students York State Education Department. may request a doctor of their choice to review their medical records. Campus Security Report Colleges are allowed to publish “directory information” including the student’s name, address, telephone number, Skidmore College publishes an annual Campus Security Report to inform the Skidmore community, campus visitors, and the e-mail address, date and place of birth, major field of study, participation in officially recognized activities and sports, general public of the College’s policies and procedures for weight and height of members of athletic teams, dates of campus safety. This report follows the guidelines of Public Law 101-542, the “Student Right-to-Know and Campus attendance, degrees and awards received, and the most recent previous educational institution attended. If any current Security Act,” and related amendments. Skidmore distributes Skidmore student does not want such directory information to this information to all current students and employees, and makes it available upon request to anyone applying for admis- be disclosed he or she must notify the Registrar’s Office in writing of the specific information not to be released. Such sion or employment at College, and to the general public. 165 notification is necessary within ten days of the first day of 4. If registration, classes, examinations, study or work require- classes of the fall semester annually. ments are held on Friday after four o’clock post meridian or on Except for parties identified as having legitimate access as Saturday, similar or makeup classes, examinations, study or work requirements or opportunity to register shall be made defined by the Act, Skidmore College must obtain the available on other days, where it is possible and practicable to written consent of the student before disclosing personally identifiable information from the educational records. Specifics do so. No special fees shall be charged to the student for these classes, examinations, study or work requirements or registra- related to the disclosure process are available upon request in tion held on other days. the Registrar’s Office. Students or former students may gain access to their credential files in the Career Services Office only 5. In effectuating the provisions of this section, it shall be the if they have established a non-confidential (or open) file. duty of the faculty and of the administrative officials of each Upon request, their open file will be made available for their institution of higher education to exercise the fullest measure of inspection. Copies of the file are available for a nominal fee. good faith. No adverse or prejudicial effects shall result to any student because of his or her availing himself or herself of the A student or former student who believes that information contained in the permanent record is inaccurate, misleading, provisions of this section. or in violation of his or her privacy may request Skidmore to 6. Any student who is aggrieved by the alleged failure of any amend the record. Such a request must be made in writing and faculty or administrative officials to comply in good faith with must contain specific information. Details related to this appeal the provisions of this section, shall be entitled to maintain an process are available through the Registrar's Office. action or proceeding in the supreme court of the county in (Printed in compliance with the Family Educational Rights and which such institution of higher education is located for the enforcement of his or her rights under this section. Privacy Act Policies) 6-a. It shall be the responsibility of the administrative officials of each institution of higher education to give written notice to Regulations Regarding Students Unable to Register students of their rights under this section, informing them that or Attend Classes Because of Religious Beliefs each student who is absent from school, because of his or her religious beliefs, must be given an equivalent opportunity to Effective July 30, 1992, the People of New York State, repre- register for classes or make up any examination, study or work sented in the Senate and Assembly, amended the Education requirements which he or she may have missed because of such Law as follows: absence on any particular day or days. No fees of any kind shall be charged by the institution for making available to each 1. No person shall be expelled from or be refused admission as student such equivalent opportunity. a student to an institution of higher education for the reason that he or she is unable, because of his or her religious beliefs, 7. As used in this section, the term “institution of higher to register or attend classes or to participate in any examination, education” shall mean any institution of higher education, study or work requirements on a particular day or days. recognized and approved by the regents of the university of the state of New York, which provides a course of study leading to 2. Any student in an institution of higher education who is the granting of a post-secondary degree or diploma. Such term unable, because of his or her religious beliefs, to attend classes shall not include any institution which is operated, supervised on a particular day or days shall, because of such absence on the or controlled by a church or by a religious or denominational particular day or days, be excused from any examination or any organization whose educational programs are principally study or work requirements. designed for the purpose of training ministers or other religious 3. It shall be the responsibility of the faculty and of the functionaries or for the purpose of propagating religious administrative officials of each institution of higher education doctrines. As used in this section, the term “religious belief” to make available to each student who is absent from school, shall mean beliefs associated with any corporation organized because of his or her religious beliefs, an equivalent opportunity and operated exclusively for religious purposes, which is not to register for classes or make up any examination, study or disqualified for tax exemption under section 501 of the United work requirements which he or she may have missed because of States Code. such absence on any particular day or days. No fees of any kind shall be charged by the institution for making available to the said student such equivalent opportunity.

166 Index

Academic facilities, 19 Complaint procedure, 165 Family Educational Rights and Academic integrity, 51 Computer Career Institute, 16 Privacy Act Policies, 165 Academic program, 7 Computer Science, 91 Federal aid programs, 41 Academic requirements and Computer services (CITS), 13 Fees and expenses, 33-37 regulations, 46-50 Correspondence, inside front cover Financial aid, 37-46 Academic standards, 51 Counseling, 24 Skidmore College, 38 Acceleration, 49 Course credit, 58 Federal, 41 Accreditation, 57 Course numbering, 58 New York State, 42 Administration, 161 Credit by examination, 49 Foreign Languages and Literatures, 106 Admission, 28-32 Curriculum, 10-12 Foreign language requirement, 11, 48 Deadlines, 32 Foreign Language Resource Center, 107 Early admission, 30 Dance, 92 Foundation requirements, 10, 47 Early decision, 28 Dance Center, 21 French, 107 Guidelines, 28 Dean of the Faculty message, 9 Midyear admission, 30 Degree programs, 57 Geology, 112 Requirements for, 29 Degrees, requirements for, 46 German, 108 Standardized testing, 30 Directory of offices and academic Government, 114 Advising services, 22 departments, 164 Grades, 51-52 Affiliated programs, 13, 146 Directions to campus, inside back Greek, 90 Alumni Association, 161 cover American Studies, 70 Disabilities, students with, 29 Health insurance, 35 Anthropology, 73 Dismissal, 56 Health professions, preparation for, 148 Art (Studio), 75 Disqualification, 56 Health services, 24 Art History, 77 Higher Education Opportunity Arts requirement, 11, 48 Early Childhood Center, 96 Program (HEOP), 16, 149 Asian Studies, 80 Economics, 94 History, 117 Athletic facilities, 21 Education, 96 History of the College, 4 Athletics, 27, 160 Early childhood minor, 96 Honor code, 51 Attendance, 50 M.A.T. program, 148 Honor societies, national Audit, 35, 52 Employment on campus, 40 Alpha Kappa Delta, 135 Engineering, 147 Omicron Delta Epsilon, 94 Bachelor of Arts degree, 46, 57 English, 98 Phi Alpha Theta, 117 Bachelor of Science degree, 46, 57 Enrollment statistics, 150 Phi Beta Kappa, 53 Biology, 82 Environmental Studies, 103 Phi Sigma Iota, 106 Board fee, 33 Exercise Science, 104 Pi Mu Epsilon, 123 Breadth requirements, 11, 48 Expenses, 35 Pi Sigma Alpha, 114 Buildings, key to, 162 Exploration requirements, 10, 48 Psi Chi, 131 Business, 85 Expository writing requirement, 10, 47 Sigma Delta Pi, 106 M.B.A. programs, 146 External degree programs Honors, 53 Master of Arts in Liberal Studies, 16 Honors Forum, 12, 53, 70 Calendar, college, 3 University Without Walls, 17 Housing, 22, 35 Campus Security Report, 165 Hudson-Mohawk Association, 13 Career Services, 24 Facilities, Credentials file, 57 Academic, 19 India, semester in, 15, 149 Chemistry, 88 Academic departments, 164 Information resources Chinese, 107 Administrative offices, 164 Scribner Library, 12, 19 Classics, 90 Cocurricular, 21 Center for Information Technology Cocurricular activities, 25-27 Sports and recreational, 21 Services, 13 Cocurricular facilities, 21 Residence, 23 Integration requirements, 10, 47 Community education, 16 Faculty, 152-160 Intercollegiate teams, 27, 160

167 Interdepartmental majors, 142 Multicultural students, 22 Sociology, 135 Interdisciplinary courses, 69 Music, 125 Spanish, 110 Interdisciplinary programs: Special students, 33, 35 Asian Studies, 80 New York State aid programs, 42 Standards, academic, 51-56 Environmental Studies, 103 Nondiscrimination statement, 165 Student Government Association, 25 International Affairs, 120 Nonmatriculated students, 33 Student life, 25-27 Law and Society, 122 Non-Western culture requirement, 11, 49 Student opportunity funds, 54 Liberal Studies, 58 Student services, 22-25 Women’s Studies, 140 Off-campus programs, 13 Study abroad, 14, 22, 149 International Affairs, 120 Overloads, 34 Summer programs, 17-19 International programs, 14, 22, 149 AP/Art, 18 International students, 31 Paris, study abroad, 14, 149 Camp $tart-Up, 18 Internships, 12, 69 Part-time status, 49 Institute for Academic Advancement Intramurals, 27 Payment plans, 34 of Youth, 19 Italian, 109 Performing opportunities, 26 International Women’s Writing Periclean, 53 Guild, 18 Japanese, 110 Philosophy, 128 Jazz Institute, 19 Physics, 129 Judaic Studies Program, 19 Latin, 90 President’s message, 8 Pre-College Program for High Law, preparation for, 148 Prizes, academic, 54 School Students, 18 Law and Society, 122 Probation, 55 Summer academic sessions, 17 Leaves of absence, 36, 50 Psychology, 130 Summer Six, 18 Liberal arts requirement, 47 Summer dance workshops, 19 Liberal Studies, 10, 58 Quantitative reasoning requirement, Summer Life Science Institute for Tutoring project (ID201H), 69 10, 47 Girls, 18 LS1, 58 Summer theater workshop, 19 LS2, 58 Readmission, 56 Summer writers institute, 18 LS II, 65 Reclassification, 49 LS III, 66 Recreation opportunities, 27 Theater, 138 LS IV, 68 Refunds, 36 Transcripts, 57 Library, Scribner, 12, 19 Registration, 50 Transfer of credit, 50 Loans, 41, 45 Religion, 132 Transfer applicants, 31 London, semester in, 15, 149 Religious life, 24 Trustees, board of, 151 Requirements for degree, 46 Tuition fee, 33 Madrid, study abroad, 14, 149 Reserve Officer Training Corps, 14 Tuition insurance, 35 Majors, 57 Residential life, 22 Interdepartmental, 142 Riding center, 21 Underloads, 34 Self-determined, 145 Room fee, 33 University Without Walls, 17 Requirements for, 11, 49 Maps, 162, inside back cover Satisfactory/Unsatisfactory, 51 Visiting student programs, 13 Master of Arts in Liberal Studies, 16 Science center, 19 Visiting students, 33 Mathematics, 122 Science requirement Maturity level requirement, 47 Lab science, 11, 48 Washington Semester, 13 Meal plans, see Board, 36 Nature, 11, 48 Withdrawal, 56 Media opportunities, 26 Self-determined major, 145 Women’s Studies, 140 Medicine, preparation for, 142, 148 Self-instructional languages, 107 Work Study, 41 Merit scholarships, 40 Shakespeare Programme, 15, 149 World cultures requirement, 11 Minors, 49 Social integrity, 51 Mission statement, 6 Social Work, 134 printed on recycled paper

168 Visits to the College

Visitors to the College are welcome and are requested Skidmore College, in Saratoga Springs, is approximately to make an appointment in advance for an interview 180 miles from New York City, Montreal, and Boston. and/or a guided tour of the campus by writing, calling, The city is most conveniently reached by automobile via or e-mailing the Office of Admissions. Phone: the New York State Thruway and the Adirondack 518-580-5570; e-mail: [email protected] Northway (Exit 15). The Greyhound and Adirondack Trailways bus lines as well as Amtrak offer daily service to The Eissner Admissions Center is located on North and from New York City and Montreal, and several major Broadway across from the main entrance to the College. airlines have regular flights to Albany International Airport.

TRAVEL DIRECTIONS: Exit 15 from the Adirondack Northway (Interstate 87) leads to the Skidmore Campus. After the exit, follow Route 50 toward the city of Saratoga Springs, turning right onto East Avenue. Make another right turn where East Avenue intersects with North Broadway and proceed north about a quarter of a mile to the College’s main entrance.

If traveling on the New York State Thruway, take Exit 24 to Interstate 87 north. Those approaching from the Massachusetts Turnpike should follow Interstate 90 west by taking turnpike Exit B 1. Proceed west to Exit 1 for Interstate 87 north. Directory for Correspondence

SKIDMORE COLLEGE 815 NORTH BROADWAY SARATOGA SPRINGS, NEW YORK 12866-1632

Information: 518-580-5000 Automated Operator: 518-580-7400 Skidmore Web site: www.skidmore.edu

General College Policy ...... Jamienne S. Studley, President

Academic Policy...... Phyllis A. Roth, Dean of the Faculty

Student Affairs ...... Thomas P. Oles, Interim Dean

Student Academic Affairs ..Jon R. Ramsey, Dean of Studies

Admissions...... Mary Lou W. Bates, Director

Financial Aid ...... Robert D. Shorb, Director

Financial Services ...... Philip L. Cifarelli, Director

Records and Transcripts...... Ann L. Henderson, Registrar

Career Services ...... Michael Profita, Director

Alumni Activities ...... Mary Solomons, Director

Public Relations, Publications ...... Robert S. Kimmerle, Director of College Relations

Higher Education Opportunity Program ...... Susan B. Layden, Director

Diversity and Affirmative Action .Jack T. F. Ling, Director

1999-2000 CATALOGUE

© Skidmore College, 1999

Skidmore College endeavors to present an accurate overview of its curricular and cocurricular programs, facilities, and fees in this publication. The information contained herein is current as of April 15, 1999. As growth and change are inevitable, Skidmore College reserves the right to alter any program, facility, or fee described in this publication without notice or obligation.

Catalogue Production ...... Office of College Relations

Editor ...... Anne Crookall Hockenos

Publications Manager ...... Kathryn Gallien