DOCSLIB.ORG

O Study: Teaching Makes Graduate Students Better Researchers

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
O Study: Teaching Makes Graduate Students Better Researchers Friday Aug. 19, 2011 – Lecture Day 2 ELEC 5530 / 6530 Outline: Demo of CRR lab robot by Jarred Beck and Brian Pappas Current events – ASEE First Bell and LinkedIn Today o Study: Teaching Makes Graduate Students Better Researchers. http://chronicle.com/article/Want-to-Be-a-Good-Researcher-/128753 o IBM: Two Prototype Chips Mimic Human Brain http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-14574747 o Motorized Artificial Leg Able To Move Like A Real Leg. http://news.vanderbilt.edu/2011/08/bionic-leg/ o News: Southern Veganism - Inside Higher Ed (PETA tie-in) Others from class ? Assignment (due Wed.): - see instructions on Blackboard o Form team (1 – 3 people) o Write a story o Build a model o Introduce textbook authors o Roland Siegwart- http://www.mavt.ethz.ch/people/professoren/rolandsi/index professor for autonomous systems at ETH Zurich since July 2006 (Mechanical Engineering) Autonomous Systems Lab (Institute of Robotics and Intelligent Systems) Distinguished Lecturer (2006/07) of the IEEE Robotics and Automation Society Member of the Swiss Academy of Engineering Sciences Interests: personal and service robots, planetary exploration robots, autonomous micro‐aircrafts and driver assistant systems Diploma in Mechanical Engineering in 1983 and his Doctoral Degree in 1989 from ETH Zurich. He spent than one year as postdoctoral fellow at Stanford University. Back in Switzerland, he worked from 1991 to 1996 part time as R&D director at MECOS Traxler AG and as lecturer and deputy head at the Institute of Robotics, ETH Zürich. In 1996 he was appointed as professor for autonomous microsystems and robots at the Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) where he served among others as member of the direction of the School of Engineering (2002‐ 06) and funding chairman of the Space Center EPFL A note about ETH Zurich: ETH Zurich was founded in 1855 as Federal Polytechnical School Nobel Prize Laureates of ETH Zurich 1901 Physics Wilhelm Konrad Röntgen 1913 Chemistry Alfred Werner 1915 Chemistry Richard Willstätter 1918 Chemistry Fritz Haber 1920 Physics Charles‐Edouard Guillaume 1921 Physics Albert Einstein 1936 Chemistry Peter Debye 1938 Chemistry Richard Kuhn 1939 Chemistry Leopold Ruzicka 1943 Physics Otto Stern 1945 Physics Wolfgang Pauli 1950 Medicine Tadeusz Reichstein 1952 Physics Felix Bloch 1953 Chemistry Hermann Staudinger 1975 Chemistry Vladimir Prelog 1978 Medicine Werner Arber 1986 Physics Heinrich Rohrer Georg Bednorz/ 1987 Physics Alexander Müller 1991 Chemistry Richard Ernst 2002 Chemistry Kurt Wüthrich Facts and figures at a glance 2010 2009 Students 17,172 16,228 (headcount) (16,342) (15,378) Bachelor students 8,101 7,628 Master students 4,235 3,701 Doctoral students 3,521 3,396 Percentage foreigners 34.9 33.2 Percentage women 30.9 30.6 Graduations 3,382 3,410 Professorships (full‐time equivalents) 413 388 Staff (full‐time equivalents) 9,809 (7,284) 9,591 (7,111 Illah Nourbakhsh‐ o Professor of Robotics The Robotics Institute Carnegie Mellon University http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~illah/ “For more than ten years I have been exploring human-robot interaction with the aim of creating rich, effective and satisfying interactions between humans and robots.” Three key questions govern my inquiry into human-robot collaboration: What enabling competencies in the areas of social perception and control are required for applicability of the resulting models? What principles of robot morphology and robot behavior design have broad applicability to the design of interaction systems? Can a principled interaction evaluation methodology enable us to implement complete, feedback-driven design life cycles for interaction systems? One research focus has been to develop embedded solutions to the problem of semantic interpretation of events using visual sensing. Another focus has been robot navigation because it is an important prerequisite to many forms of social interaction when the robot shares the human physical space. For example visual-topological navigation and hybrid metric-topological models aim to provide navigation competency with a minimum of computational and memory demands. Because of the cross-disciplinary nature of the human-robot collaboration problem, integrative research must bring robotics together with other fields that model human cognition and social behavior. I have joined and extended models of interaction and evaluation methodology from Human Factors, HCI and Cognitive Psychology, outstanding complements to robotics since these fields already consider human relationships to physical embodiments and consider human behavioral change over time. Ethics and Robotics Robotics 16‐899E, Carnegie Mellon University Davide Scaramuzza – My research area is field robotics for ground and flying robots with particular focus on perception and computer vision. My research topics are: Vision for micro aerial vehicles Visual odometry 3D mapping in urban environments from outdoor ground vehicles Camera modelling and calibration Robust feature matching for place recognition and robot navigation Sensor fusion Outline of the book: Autonomous Mobile Robots (TOC shown on overhead) .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Chemistry and Spectroscopy of the Transition Metals
    Chemistry and Spectroscopy of the Transition Metals • Structure of metal complexes • Oxidation states of metals • Color/Spectroscopy • Magnetic Properties • Chelate Effects • Electron Transfer Chemistry Nobel Prize in Chemistry, 1913 Alfred Werner "in recognition of his work on the linkage of atoms in molecules by which he has thrown new light on earlier investigations and opened up new fields of research especially in inorganic chemistry” Zurich University Stereochemistry of Coordination Complexes Pt (NH3)2Cl2 Cl NH 3 NH3 Cl Pt Pt Cl NH Cl 3 NH3 Orange-Yellow Pale Yellow (dipole moment) No dipole (cis-platin) Inner Sphere vs Outer Sphere Coordination H3 H3 N N NH H N NH H3N 3 [Cl- ] 3 3 - Co 3 Co [Cl 2] H N NH3 H N NH3 [ 3 ] [ 3 ] N Cl H3 H3 H3 N N Cl H3N Cl H3N Co [Cl- ] Co [Cl-] H N Cl Cl NH3 [ 3 ] N [ N ] H3 H3 Transition Metal Chemistry • Multiple Oxidation States • Coordination Chemistry/Stereochemistry • Crystal Field Splitting: Optical and Magnetic Properties • Ligand Field Splitting: Spectrochemical Series • Distortion to Tetragonal, Square Planar • Ligand Field Stabilization Energy • Hard and Soft Acids and Bases • Chelate Effect • Stereochemical Control of Binding Affinity • Water Exchange • Electron Exchange Organization of Periodic Chart 1s 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 5d 6p 7s 6d 4f 5f Shielding r2Ψ2 1s 3d 3p 3s Penetration: 3s > 3p > 3d r 3d orbitals are shielded and not exposed much; Outside world won’t know as much how many d e- there are Transition Metals Are Found in Several Oxidation States Charge to mass ratio - of ions: current e which passes through circuit divided by mass gained on electrode.
    [Show full text]
  • Ian Rae: “Two Croatian Chemists Who Were Awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry”
    Croatian Studies Review 13 (2017) Ian Rae: “Two Croatian Chemists who were Awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry” Ian Rae School of Chemistry University of Melbourne [email protected] Abstract Two organic chemists of Croatian origin, Leopold Ružička and Vladimir Prelog, made significant contributions to natural product chemistry during the twentieth century. They received their university education and research training in Germany and Czechoslovakia, respectively. Both made their careers in Zürich, Switzerland, and both shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, in 1939 and 1975, respectively. In this article, I have set the details of their lives and achievements against the education and research climates in Europe and other regions, especially as they apply to the field of chemistry. Key words: Croatia, organic, chemistry, Nobel, Ružička, Prelog 31 Croatian Studies Review 13 (2017) Introduction1 In the twentieth century two organic chemists of Croatian origin were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. They were Lavoslav (Leopold) Ružička (1887-1976) and Vladimir Prelog (1906-1998), whose awards came in 1939 and 1975, respectively. Both were living and working in Switzerland at the time of the awards and it was in that country – specifically in the city of Zürich – that they performed the research that made them Nobel Laureates. To understand the careers of Ružička and Prelog, and of many other twentieth century organic chemists, we need to look back to the nineteenth century when German chemists were the leaders in this field of science. Two developments characterise this German hegemony: the introduction of the research degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), and the close collaboration between organic chemists in industry and university.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemistry of the D-Block Elements Chemistry of the D-Block Elements
    Chemistry of the d-Block Elements History: Louis Nicolas Vauquelin 16. Mai 1763 – 14. Nov. 1829 Leopold Gmelin 2. Aug. 1788 – 13. Apr. 1853 Chemistry of the d-Block Elements History: H3N NH3 Cl Cl Pd Pd NH H3N 3 Cl Cl Louis Nicolas Vauquelin 1813 CN NC CN CoIII NC CN Gmelin 1822 NC 1 Chemistry of the d-Block Elements History: 1844: Peyrone’s Chloride 1844: Reiset [PtCl2(NH3)2] -- note! same formula! -- [PtCl2(NH3)2] ! (isomers are super-important in chemistry!) Chemistry of the d-Block Elements cis- and trans- Platinum Isomers: Serendipity in Chemistry Cisplatin was approved by the FDA for the treatment of genitourinary tumors in 1978. Since then, Michigan State has collected over $160 million in royalties from cisplatin and a related drug, carboplatin, which Prof. Barnett Rosenberg, MSU was approved by the FDA in 1989 (Prof. S.J. Lippard, MIT) for the treatment of ovarian cancers. "Testicular cancer went from a disease that normally killed about 80% of the patients, to one which is close to 95% curable. This is Newest generation: probably the most exciting development in the treatment of cancers that we have had in the past 20 years. It is now the O treatment of first choice in ovarian, bladder, and osteogenic sarcoma [bone] cancers as well." O NH3 —Barnett Rosenberg, who led the research group that discovered Pt cisplatin, commenting on the impact of cisplatin in cancer chemotherapy O NH3 O carboplatin 2 Chemistry of the d-Block Elements Cisplatin acts by cross-linking DNA in several different ways, making it impossible for rapidly dividing cells to duplicate their DNA for mitosis.
    [Show full text]
  • Contribution to the Historical Development of Macromolecular Chemistry – Exemplified on Cellulose
    CELLULOSE CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY CONTRIBUTION TO THE HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY – EXEMPLIFIED ON CELLULOSE PETER ZUGENMAIER Institute of Physical Chemistry, Clausthal University of Technology, D-38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany Dedicated to Professor Elfriede Husemann, on the occasion of her 100th birthday in December 2008. She was an admirable and internationally highly recognized scientist and the first director of the Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry (Hermann-Staudinger-Haus) of the Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg; the foundation of the institute owing to the eminent scientific success and recognition of the work of Hermann Staudinger, leading to the Nobel Prize in the field of macromolecular chemistry. Received October 20, 2009 The development of the structure determination for cellulose and its derivatives as macromolecules is described from the beginning of the 20th century to the 1940s. The first correct presentation of the constitution of cellulose as a linear chain macromolecule of 1-4 linked β-D-anhydroglucopyranose, with the help of organic chemistry, dates from 1928. The size and shape of cellulose molecules still remained a controversial topic for some time. On the one hand, there were proposals of micelles i.e. aggregates of cyclic mono- or oligoanhydroglucose or micelles of small macromolecules of 30-50 glucose units. On the other hand, cellulose was seen as large macromolecules with more than 3000 glucose units for structures considered in solution as well as in fibres. The final clarification of the cellulose structure as a semi-flexible macromolecule of high molecular weight was extremely hindered by the inadequate interpretation of experimental results. Later, additional experimental and theoretical methods led to a consistent picture of the cellulose structure with high precision.
    [Show full text]
  • Michael Rossmann
    • • Purdue College of Science | Spring 2017 MICHAEL ROSSMANN: HIS PATH TO PURDUE & DECADES OF DISCOVERY @PurdueScience INSIDE: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE :: ALUMNUS’S NEXT NASA MISSION Dr.JD For more than 50 years, Michael Rossmann, the Hanley Distinguished Professor of Biological Sciences, walked to his labs in Lilly Hall and Hockmeyer Hall of Structural Biology from his West Lafayette home. It was a leisurely 30 -minute stroll, at just over a mile to the southern tip of the Purdue campus. However, if one adds up all of his trips, he has traveled a distance equal to a round trip to Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and back again to Rio. During those walks down Grant Street — past the blocks of homes built in the early 20th century as Purdue University grew and through an expanding campus — Rossmann’s mind stormed with ideas. Ideas mulled on these walks have led to monumental discoveries in the field of structural biology. Rossmann’s discoveries have helped doctors under - stand, treat and even cure infections from alpha viruses, coxsackievirus B3, flaviviruses like dengue and Zika, and even the rhinovirus that causes the common cold. His latest work has been a collaborative effort with Richard Kuhn, professor of biological sciences and director of the Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, to study Zika virus. The virus has received widespread attention because of an increase in microcephaly — a birth defect that causes brain damage and an abnormally small head in babies born to some mothers infected during pregnancy — and reported transmission of the mosquito -borne virus in 33 countries.
    [Show full text]
  • A Stereochemical Achievement of the First Order: Alfred Werner's Resolution of Cobalt Complexes, 85 Years Later
    50 Bull. Hist. Chem. 20 (1997) A STEREOCHEMICAL ACHIEVEMENT OF THE FIRST ORDER: ALFRED WERNER'S RESOLUTION OF COBALT COMPLEXES, 85 YEARS LATER Gr . Kffn, Clfrn Stt Unvrt, rn Listen, old man; take my advice. Give me the cobalt in a thrice. Though Hell and Devil say me nay, I shall resolve cobalt today (1). With these words the Old One (der Alte, i.e., Werner) challenges the King of the Spirits (Geisterkönig). Spurn- ing the tempting gifts offered him by the King, he ap- proaches the giant blue octahedron with a cry of "I want to resolve cobalt" (Ich will das Kobalt spalten). He tears one side of it away with his axe, removes the d-form, and spins it on his little finger. As everyone joyfully shouts, "It rotates, it rotates!" (Es dreht, es dreht!), der Alte removes the /-form from the other side of the octa- hedron and spins it on his little finger in the direction opposite to the d-form. Now that the momentous task has been accom- plished, all the participants face the audience and tri- umphantly sing the final chorus to the melody of Das Studium der Welber: From early morn still night so late We'll just rotate, rotate, rotate, Until the world and all therein Alfred Werner (1866-1919) from George B. Kauffman, "Alfred Werner-Founder of Coordination Chemistry," Rotating spins to oblivion (2). Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1966, Frontispiece So ends the anonymous 1911 Weihnachtskommers (tra- ditional student Christmas party) playlet in verse, Drehen purports to tell in mock-heroic fashion the story of the and Spalten (Rotating and Resolving) (3), whose au- first successful resolution of an optically active coordi- thorship the late Nobel Chemistry laureate Paul Karrer nation compound, a problem that had occupied Alfred (Ph.D., Universität Zürich, 1911) admitted to me.
    [Show full text]
  • Los Premios Nobel De Química
    Los premios Nobel de Química MATERIAL RECOPILADO POR: DULCE MARÍA DE ANDRÉS CABRERIZO Los premios Nobel de Química El campo de la Química que más premios ha recibido es el de la Quí- mica Orgánica. Frederick Sanger es el único laurea- do que ganó el premio en dos oca- siones, en 1958 y 1980. Otros dos también ganaron premios Nobel en otros campos: Marie Curie (física en El Premio Nobel de Química es entregado anual- 1903, química en 1911) y Linus Carl mente por la Academia Sueca a científicos que so- bresalen por sus contribuciones en el campo de la Pauling (química en 1954, paz en Física. 1962). Seis mujeres han ganado el Es uno de los cinco premios Nobel establecidos en premio: Marie Curie, Irène Joliot- el testamento de Alfred Nobel, en 1895, y que son dados a todos aquellos individuos que realizan Curie (1935), Dorothy Crowfoot Ho- contribuciones notables en la Química, la Física, la dgkin (1964), Ada Yonath (2009) y Literatura, la Paz y la Fisiología o Medicina. Emmanuelle Charpentier y Jennifer Según el testamento de Nobel, este reconocimien- to es administrado directamente por la Fundación Doudna (2020) Nobel y concedido por un comité conformado por Ha habido ocho años en los que no cinco miembros que son elegidos por la Real Aca- demia Sueca de las Ciencias. se entregó el premio Nobel de Quí- El primer Premio Nobel de Química fue otorgado mica, en algunas ocasiones por de- en 1901 al holandés Jacobus Henricus van't Hoff. clararse desierto y en otras por la Cada destinatario recibe una medalla, un diploma y situación de guerra mundial y el exi- un premio económico que ha variado a lo largo de los años.
    [Show full text]
  • Analyzing Ammonia Bridges ÂŒ and More About Bonding in Boron-Rich
    Foundations oF Coordination Chemistry – alFred Werner CHIMIA 2014, 68, Nr. 5 321 doi:10.2533/chimia.2014.321 Chimia 68 (2014) 321–324 © Schweizerische Chemische Gesellschaft Analyzing Ammonia Bridges – and more about Bonding in Boron-rich Solids Barbara Albert* and Kathrin Hofmann Abstract: Three types of boron-rich compounds in unusual bonding situations are described: First, salts that contain closo-hydroborate anions and exhibit hydrogen and dihydrogen bonds and a strong ammonia network; second, boron-rich metal borides with an unexpected metal–metal bond stabilized by Peierls distortion; and third, nanoscale metal borides that bind selectively to certain heptapeptides identified by the phage display technique. Keywords: Ammoniates · Borides · Crystal structures · Hydroborates · Properties 1. Introduction investigated and understood. Here, we reactions), and Roald Hoffmann (Nobel will discuss ammonia molecules in clo- Prize 1981, bonding theory). Nowadays, In 1893 Alfred Werner published his so-hydroborates with anions like B H 2–. hydroborates are being discussed in the 6 6 article ‘Beitrag zur Konstitution anor- Incidentally, such compounds are perfectly context of energy-related materials being ganischer Verbindungen’ and suggested an suited to discuss both features that excited potentially useful for hydrogen storage.[5] octahedral coordination of cobalt, for ex- Alfred Werner and his contemporaries: oc- We have synthesized, crystallized, and ample in [Co(NH ) ]Cl .[1] At that time it tahedrally and tetrahedrally arranged am- structurally analyzed many closo-hydrob- 3 6 3 seemed to be a revolutionary idea to place monia ligands – and chains of ammonia orates because they are fascinating as mod- the ammonia molecules at six corners of a molecules! Boranes and hydroborates are el compounds for comparison of molecular metal-centered octahedron (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • A Nobel Synthesis
    MILESTONES IN CHEMISTRY Ian Grayson A nobel synthesis IAN GRAYSON Evonik Degussa GmbH, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau-Wolfgang, 63457, Germany he first Nobel Prize for chemistry was because it is a scientific challenge, as he awarded in 1901 (to Jacobus van’t Hoff). described in his Nobel lecture: “The synthesis T Up to 2010, the chemistry prize has been of brazilin would have no industrial value; awarded 102 times, to 160 laureates, of whom its biological importance is problematical, only four have been women (1). The most but it is worth while to attempt it for the prominent area for awarding the Nobel Prize sufficient reason that we have no idea how for chemistry has been in organic chemistry, in to accomplish the task” (4). which the Nobel committee includes natural Continuing the list of Nobel Laureates in products, synthesis, catalysis, and polymers. organic synthesis we arrive next at R. B. This amounts to 24 of the prizes. Reading the Woodward. Considered by many the greatest achievements of the earlier organic chemists organic chemist of the 20th century, he who were recipients of the prize, we see that devised syntheses of numerous natural they were drawn to synthesis by the structural Alfred Nobel, 1833-1896 products, including lysergic acid, quinine, analysis and characterisation of natural cortisone and strychnine (Figure 1). 6 compounds. In order to prove the structure conclusively, some In collaboration with Albert Eschenmoser, he achieved the synthesis, even if only a partial synthesis, had to be attempted. It is synthesis of vitamin B12, a mammoth task involving nearly 100 impressive to read of some of the structures which were deduced students and post-docs over many years.
    [Show full text]
  • Henry Taube by J
    Chemical Education Today Nobel Centennial Essays A Century of Chemical Dynamics Traced through the Nobel Prizes W 1983: Henry Taube by J. Van Houten Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1983 Photo by Rudy Baum Henry Taube (1915– ) for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer Henry Taube, shown on reactions, especially in metal complexes the cover of C&E News. This is the eighth in a series of essays (1) written in com- Reprinted with permis- memoration of the centennial of the Nobel Prize, examin- sion from Chemical & ing the history of chemical dynamics in the 20th century.W Engineering News, May 21, 1984. © As his Nobel citation (2) states, Henry Taube studied elec- Copyright 1984 Ameri- tron transfer reactions of transition metal complexes. The can Chemical Society. Nobel Prize to Taube came exactly seventy years after it was awarded to Alfred Werner (3) for developing the structural chemistry of inorganic transition metal complexes. During the entire 20th century, Taube and Werner are the only in- to Werner’s. His early mechanistic studies relied heavily on organic transition metal chemists to win a Nobel Prize.1 In isotope tracer techniques developed by George de Hevesy, the fact, many of the complexes that Taube studied were first 1943 Nobel Laureate (1d). The second of the 100 references prepared or characterized by Werner. in Taube’s Nobel lecture (6) is to a 1920 paper where de Taube’s citation (2) concludes with the statement: “There Hevesy used naturally occurring lead isotopes to follow the is no doubt that Henry Taube is one of the most creative exchange reaction between Pb2+ and Pb4+ (7).
    [Show full text]
  • In Defense of the Use of the French Language in Scientific
    Bull. Hist. Chem., VOLUME 39, Number 1 (2014) 73 IN DEFENSE OF THE USE OF THE FRENCH LANGUAGE IN SCIENTIFIC COMMUNICATION, 1965-1985: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL DELIBERATIONS AND AN INGENIOUSLY CLEVER TAKEOFF ON THE THEME BY R. B. WOODWARD Joseph Gal, Departments of Medicine and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, [email protected] and Jeffrey I. Seeman, Department of Chemistry, University of Richmond, Richmond, VA 23173, jseeman@ richmond.edu Supplemental Material Abstract Introduction For many decades, French scientists, the French The international nature of chemistry—indeed, of Académie des Sciences, and the government of France science—is a truism. Operationally, however, the practice have been concerned about the declining use of French of doing and communicating chemistry is not equally within the scientific milieu and the trend toward English and symmetrically shared throughout the world. That is as the universally-accepted language to communicate also a truism. The evidence that English has become the science. This trend is discussed with a focus on the issues unofficial language throughout the world in chemistry most vigorously debated in the time period 1965-1985, is multifold. For example, English is the only accepted including the reduced use of French in international sci- language of Pure and Applied Chemistry, the official entific communication resulting from the dominance of journal of the International Union of Pure and Applied English. A summary of the merging of national-chemical- Chemistry (IUPAC). Indeed, there has been a gradual society journals into international journals is also present- disappearance of non-English chemistry journals over ed.
    [Show full text]
  • A DIALOGUE on the THEORY of HIGH Tc
    A DIALOGUE ON THE THEORY OF HIGH Tc Superconducting Bi2Sr2CaCu2O,, as seen with reflected differential interference contrast microscopy. This view of the ab plane surface of a platelet of the ceramic material shows this high-temperature superconductor's strong planar structure. (Photomicrograph by Michael W. Davidson, W. Jack Rink and Joseph B. Schlenoff, Florida State University.) Figure 1 5 4 PHYSICS TODAY JUNE 1991 The give-and-take between two solid-state theorists offers insight into materials with high superconducting transition temperatures and illustrates the kind of thinking that goes into developing a new theory. Philip W. Anderson and Robert Schrieffer Although ideas that would explain the behavior of the formalism to do their calculations.' I believe they are high-temperature superconducting materials have been wrong. I'd like to hear your opinion, but first let me say a offered almost since their discovery, high-Tt. theory is still couple of things that bear on this question. In the first very much in flux. Two of the leading figures in condensed place, I think few people realize that we now know of at matter theory are Philip Anderson, the Joseph Henry least six different classes of electron superconductors, and Professor of Physics at Princeton University, and Robert two other BCS fluids as well. Out of these only one obeys Schrieffer, Chancellor's Professor at the University of the so-called conventional theory—that is, BCS with California, Santa Barbara. Anderson's ideas have fo- phonons that fit unmodified versions of Eliashberg's cused, in his own words, "on a non-Fermi-liquid normal equations.
    [Show full text]