FSC National Risk Assessment For Japan DEVELOPED ACCORDING TO PROCEDURE FSC-PRO-60-002 V3-0 Version V1-0 Code FSC-NRA-JP V1-0 National approval National decision body: FSC Japan Board Date: 30 November 2017 International approval FSC International Center: Performance and Standards Unit Date: 27 June 2018 International contact Name: Chisato Mishiba Email address: [email protected] Period of validity Date of approval: 27 June 2018 Valid until: (date of approval + 5 years) Body responsible for NRA FSC Japan maintenance FSC-NRA-JP V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR JAPAN 2018 – 1 of 175 – Contents Risk designations in finalized risk assessments for Japan .......................................................... 3 Background information .............................................................................................................. 4 List of experts involved in the risk assessment and their contact details ..................................... 8 National Risk Assessment maintenance ................................................................................... 11 Complaints and disputes regarding the approved National Risk Assessment ........................... 11 List of key stakeholders for consultation ................................................................................... 11 Risk assessments ..................................................................................................................... 14 Controlled wood category 1: Illegally harvested wood .............................................................. 14 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 14 Sources of legal timber in Japan ....................................................................................... 15 Risk assessment ............................................................................................................... 15 Control measures ............................................................................................................. 46 Controlled wood category 2: Wood harvested in violation of traditional and human rights ........ 47 Risk assessment ............................................................................................................... 47 Recommended control measures ..................................................................................... 48 Detailed analysis ............................................................................................................... 48 Controlled wood category 3: Wood from forests in which high conservation values are threatened by management activities ..................................................................................... 112 Overview ......................................................................................................................... 112 Experts consulted ........................................................................................................... 117 Risk assessment ............................................................................................................. 118 Recommended control measures ................................................................................... 139 Information Sources ........................................................................................................ 139 Controlled wood category 4: Wood from forests being converted to plantations or non-forest use ............................................................................................................................................... 144 Risk assessment ............................................................................................................. 144 Control measures ........................................................................................................... 151 Controlled wood category 5: Wood from forests in which genetically modified trees are planted ............................................................................................................................................... 152 Risk assessment ............................................................................................................. 152 Control measures ........................................................................................................... 155 Annex C1 List of information sources ................................................................................ 156 Annex C2 Identification of applicable legislation ................................................................. 169 FSC-NRA-JP V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR JAPAN 2018 – 2 of 175 – Risk designations in finalized risk assessments for Japan Indicator Risk designation (including functional scale when relevant) Controlled wood category 1: Illegally harvested wood 1.1 Low risk 1.2 N/A 1.3 Low risk 1.4 Low risk 1.5 Low risk 1.6 Low risk 1.7 Low risk 1.8 Low risk 1.9 Low risk 1.10 Low risk 1.11 Low risk 1.12 Low risk 1.13 Low risk 1.14 N/A 1.15 Specified risk: Hokkaido Low risk: Other areas 1.16 Low risk 1.17 Low risk 1.18 Low risk 1.19 Low risk 1.20 Low risk 1.21 N/A Controlled wood category 2: Wood harvested in violation of traditional and human rights 2.1 Low risk 2.2 Low risk 2.3 Specified risk: Hokkaido Low risk: Other areas Controlled wood category 3: Wood from forests where high conservation values are threatened by management activities 3.0 Low risk 3.1 Low risk 3.2 Low risk 3.3 Low risk 3.4 Low risk 3.5 Low risk 3.6 Low risk Controlled wood category 4: Wood from forests being converted to plantations or non-forest use 4.1 Low risk Controlled wood category 5: Wood from forests in which genetically modified trees are planted 5.1 Low risk FSC-NRA-JP V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR JAPAN 2018 – 3 of 175 – Background information Timeline Overview Time Main activities (Month, Year) Approval of CNRA Category 1, 2 & 5 Jan 2016 Development of draft CNRA category 4 by CNRA consultants Apr 2016 Development of draft CNRA category 3 Mar - Jun 2016 NRA 1st draft development Jul 2016 - May 2017 Approval by FSC Japan Board of Directors Jun 2017 First draft submission to FSC International Jun 2017 Review of the first draft by the PSU Jul 2017 Public consultation on 1st draft Aug – Oct 2017 NRA final draft development Nov 2017 – Dec 2017 Final draft approval by WG and FSC Japan Board Dec 2017 Final draft submission to FSC Dec 2017 Review by PSU Jan - Mar 2018 Implementation of required amendments Apr - May 2018 Approval of the NRA by FSC International Board Jun 2018 In August 2014, the NRA for Japan developed according to the procedure FSC-PRO-60-002 V2-0 was approved. The NRA had unspecified risk for Hokkaido with regards to the rights of Ainu Peoples for Category 2, and unspecified risk for Nansei Islands south of Amami Islands. Except for these areas and categories, the risk was considered low. Prior to the development of this new NRA according to FSC-PRO-60-002 V3-0, a Centralized National Risk Assessment was developed in collaboration with international consultants appointed by the FSC International and national technical experts. For Category 1 and 5, two Japanese consultants recommended by FSC Japan developed the first draft together with the international consultant from NEPCon appointed by the FSC International in 2014. For Category 2, an international consultant, Leo van der Vlist, made the initial draft in fall 2014, and FSC Japan provided feedback, which was later incorporated into the draft 1. The CNRA Categories 1, 2, 5 were then published for public consultation from March 3, 2015 to April 2, 2015. The CNRA category 1, 2, and 5 were approved without change from the original draft in January 2016. For Category 3, the CNRA was developed by Japanese consultants recommended by FSC Japan, together with a CNRA consultant, NEPCon in June 2016. For category 4, a simple review of legal framework was conducted by a CNRA consultant in 2016. The NRA working group was organized in the summer of 2016, consisting of three members in the three chambers: environmental, economic, and social, chaired by Shuhei Tomimura. Since August 2016, the NRA working group gathered several times to discuss the NRA, using the CNRAs as a starting point of the discussion. Due to health problems, the chairperson of the NRA working group was later replaced by Toru Katsura, who had been a member of the NRA working group in the economic chamber. A member FSC-NRA-JP V1-0 NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR JAPAN 2018 – 4 of 175 – in the environmental chamber was also replaced due to his availability. The members of the working group and their qualification are provided in the table below. Based on the CNRA and discussion in the NRA working group, the new NRA draft 1 was developed. The draft was approved by the working group in May 2017 with the support from all three chambers, and then by the Board of FSC Japan in June 2017. In June 2017, the first NRA draft was completed and was submitted to the FSC International. After the review and approval from the FSC International Policy and Standards Unit, the public consultation for the NRA was conducted from August 28 to October 27, 2017. Prior to the public consultation, FSC Japan identified core stakeholders who will be greatly affected by the revised NRA and conducted face to face interviews. During the public consultation, FSC Japan arranged a public hearing section in which 16 stakeholders participated. The comments received in the