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Construction Technology of Multi-Tiered Temples and Their Rehabilitation After 2015 April Earthquake in Bhaktapur
Construction Technology of Multi-Tiered Temples and Their Rehabilitation after 2015 April Earthquake in Bhaktapur Rabina Shilpakar1, Prem Nath Maskey2, Pramila Silpakar3 Abstract Kathmandu Valley comprises of numerous tiered temples ranging from single-tiered to the multi-tiered. The 2015 Gorkha earthquake and the following aftershocks caused damages to many temples; the damages ranging from minor to few fully collapsed state. This paper focuses on Nepal’s tallest temple the Nyatapola, square-shaped in the plan and the Bhairavnath temple, rectangular-shape in the plan - representing the tiered temples with more than three tiers of the Kathmandu Valley. The paper investigates the employed indigenous construction technology, materials, structural and seismic performance of these temples. The paper also deliberates on the condition/ level of damage suffered by these temples during the 2015 earthquake; presents the existing condition and the ongoing reconstruction/ renovation works and interventions introduced following the recommendations of the structural, architectural and conservation experts. Keywords: Earthquake, technology, reconstruction, renovation Introduction Nepal is a culturally diversified and rich country in art and architecture. The Kathmandu Valley, in particular, has numerous temples of different styles/ types - shikhara, dome, and tiered temples. The tiered temples also vary from a single-tiered to five-tiered temples with its distinctive features. All the temples of the Kathmandu Valley constructed in the medieval period are based on the structural system of unreinforced brick masonry in mud mortar and wood. The tiered temples consist of various parts and elements performing the structural and decorative functions, and these elements are located at various strategic levels and places. -
Kasthamandap
asianart.com | articles Asianart.com offers pdf versions of some articles for the convenience of our visitors and readers. These files should be printed for personal use only. Note that when you view the pdf on your computer in Adobe reader, the links to main image pages will be active: if clicked, the linked page will open in your browser if you are online. This article can be viewed online at: http://asianart.com/articles/kasthamandap Kasthamandap: Microcosm of Kathmandu’s Living Culture and Storied History by Dipesh Risal September 03, 2015 (click on images to go to larger image and full captions) Kasthamandap is no more. It collapsed into a pile of rubble in the first of the earthquakes that rattled Nepal in April-May, 2015. Kasthamandap (literally Wooden Hall), originally a public rest-house (sattal), has also served many social and religious functions over its lifetime. It was easily the oldest standing building in all of Nepal, dating back to at least 1143 CE. Kasthamandap underwent numerous repairs, remodeling, and renovations over the centuries. However, the large platform with its surrounding quartet of tall, one-piece, “ship-mast” pillars and carved capitals – collectively making up its defining core – most likely date from the original foundation. Kasthamandap is also the largest structure ever built in the traditional triple-tiered roof style. In Nepal, its grand interior space was never surpassed until the eighteenth century. Further, it alone preserves the original configuration and may have established some sort of prototype for a suite of sattals built during the fourteenth through sixteenth centuries. -
Nepal Human Rights Year Book 2021 (ENGLISH EDITION) (This Report Covers the Period - January to December 2020)
Nepal Human Rights Year Book 2021 (ENGLISH EDITION) (This Report Covers the Period - January to December 2020) Editor-In-Chief Shree Ram Bajagain Editor Aarya Adhikari Editorial Team Govinda Prasad Tripathee Ramesh Prasad Timalsina Data Analyst Anuj KC Cover/Graphic Designer Gita Mali For Human Rights and Social Justice Informal Sector Service Centre (INSEC) Nagarjun Municipality-10, Syuchatar, Kathmandu POBox : 2726, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: +977-1-5218770 Fax:+977-1-5218251 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.insec.org.np; www.inseconline.org All materials published in this book may be used with due acknowledgement. First Edition 1000 Copies February 19, 2021 © Informal Sector Service Centre (INSEC) ISBN: 978-9937-9239-5-8 Printed at Dream Graphic Press Kathmandu Contents Acknowledgement Acronyms and Abbreviations Foreword CHAPTERS Chapter 1 Situation of Human Rights in 2020: Overall Assessment Accountability Towards Commitment 1 Review of the Social and Political Issues Raised in the Last 29 Years of Nepal Human Rights Year Book 25 Chapter 2 State and Human Rights Chapter 2.1 Judiciary 37 Chapter 2.2 Executive 47 Chapter 2.3 Legislature 57 Chapter 3 Study Report 3.1 Status of Implementation of the Labor Act at Tea Gardens of Province 1 69 3.2 Witchcraft, an Evil Practice: Continuation of Violence against Women 73 3.3 Natural Disasters in Sindhupalchok and Their Effects on Economic and Social Rights 78 3.4 Problems and Challenges of Sugarcane Farmers 82 3.5 Child Marriage and Violations of Child Rights in Karnali Province 88 36 Socio-economic -
Sr. No. Boid Name Bankacnum Bankname Reject Reason 1 1301090000117475 AABISKAR KARKI 3307010001038 Global IME Bank Ltd.-IME - Anamnagar Branch Account Doesnot Exists
Samata Micro Finance Bitiya Sanstha Dividend Rejected List as of 22 Aug, 2019 ( F.Y. 2074/075) Sr. No. BoId Name BankAcNum BankName Reject Reason 1 1301090000117475 AABISKAR KARKI 3307010001038 Global IME Bank Ltd.-IME - Anamnagar Branch Account Doesnot Exists. 2 1301330000001218 AADARSHA KATTEL 043000001440E Nepal Credit & Commerce Bank Ltd.-Durbarmarg Branch AP Account Closed. 3 1301140000051483 AAKANSHAYA SAINJU 01810310210019 Sunrise Bank Ltd.-Bhaktapur Branch Invalid Status. Transaction not allowed. 4 1301150000015646 AARYAN BISTA 52-40-524-485869-016 Machhapuchhre Bank Ltd.-Naxal Branch Account Doesnot Exists. 5 1301060000039708 AASHUTOSH KARKI 00600000521MU Citizens Bank International Ltd.-Bouddha Branch Account Doesnot Exists. 6 1301150000037364 AAYUSH SUBEDI 0770000001507 Nepal Credit & Commerce Bank Ltd.-Pokhara Branch SP Account Closed. 7 1301060000567899 AAYUSHA TIMALSINA 0050515025386 Nepal Investment Bank Ltd.-Banepa Branch Account Doesnot Exists. 8 1301470000030681 ABHINASH GYAWALI 00900000283MU Citizens Bank International Ltd.- Koteshwor Branch Account Doesnot Exists. 9 1301120000108805 ABHINAV MITTAL AGARWAL 5907010006661 Global IME Bank Ltd.-Indrachowk Branch Account Name Mismatch. 10 1301150000001791 ABHISHEK ARYAL 001000083040U Sanima Bank Ltd.-Head Office Invalid Status. Transaction not allowed. 11 1301550000003928 ACHYUT BAHADUR VAIDYA 00100063665-F NMB Bank Ltd.-Babarmahal Branch Account Doesnot Exists. 12 1301480000022477 AJALA SHRESTHA 020100000151 Bank of Kathmandu Ltd.-Thamel Branch Account Doesnot Exists. 13 -
Strengthening Livelihood Capacities to Disaster Risk Reduction - Compilation of Change Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal, Practical Action
S T R E N G T H E N I N G L I V E L I H O O D C A P A C I T I E S T O D I S A S T E R R I S K R E D U C T I O N I N N E P A L Compilation of Change Studies Study Team Dinanath Bhandari and Yuwan Malakar Suported By Ghanashyam Bhandari, SAHAMATI Yani Gaha, SAHAMATI Yadu Kandel, SAHAMATI Anil Prajapati, SAHAMATI Anju Adhikari, MADE Nepal Gita Kumal, MADE Nepal Baburam KC, MADE Nepal Reviewers Pieter van Den Ende, Practical Action Gehendra Gurung, Practical Action © Practical Action Nepal Office, 2011 In collaboration with SAHAMATI and MADE Nepal Citation: Practical Action (2011) Strengthening Livelihood Capacities to Disaster Risk Reduction - Compilation of Change Studies, Kathmandu, Nepal, Practical Action ISBN: 978-9937-8135-8-7 No use of this publication may be made for resale or other commercial purpose without prior permission of the copyright holder. 'This material has been funded by UKaid from the Department for International Development, however the views expressed do not necessarily reflect the department's official policies.' C O N T E N T S Foreword ii Why work in disaster risk reduction? iv Acronyms vi Chapter 1. Introduction 1 Chapter 2. Irrigation facilites reduce sensitivity to drought 10 Chapter 3. Electric fencing decreases exposure to wild animals 22 Chapter 4. Vegetables are an additional source of income to improve resilience 29 Chapter 5. Improved bee keeping and its contribution to reducing landslides 36 Chapter 6. -
Participant I Directory
PARTICIPANT I DIRECTORY FY 1974-1978 SUPPLEMENT, JANUARY 1979 UPDATED, SEPTEMBER 1985 PARTICIPANT DIRECTORY 1974 - 1978 UPDATED 1985 Table of Contents Page Number Section ... ... ... ... ... ... ... i Preface ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ii List of Acronyms ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... A-i Alphabetical Index of Participants ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... G-I Geographical Location of Participants by Area of Training ... ... ... ... U-i ... ...*... ... ... ... Brief Description of the Survey and Utilization Tally Summary ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1-1 Principal Listing of Participants : Code 100, Agriculture and Natural Resources ... ... ... 2-1 Code 200, Industry and Mining* ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 3-1 Code 300, Transportation ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 5-1 Code 500, Health aud Sanitation ... ... ... ...... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 6-1 Code 600, Education ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 7-1 Code 700, Public Administration ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8-1 Code 800, Community Development ... ... ... .... ... ... ... ... ... 9-i Code 900, Miscellaneous* ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... * No participants are listed under these two codes. Pre face This volume updates the USAID/Nepal Participant Directory covering the period FY 1974- FY 1978. In this edition, the "Home Address", "Training Period" where necessary, "Present -
Club Health Assessment MBR0087
Club Health Assessment for District 325A1 through April 2021 Status Membership Reports Finance LCIF Current YTD YTD YTD YTD Member Avg. length Months Yrs. Since Months Donations Member Members Members Net Net Count 12 of service Since Last President Vice Since Last for current Club Club Charter Count Added Dropped Growth Growth% Months for dropped Last Officer Rotation President Activity Account Fiscal Number Name Date Ago members MMR *** Report Reported Report *** Balance Year **** Number of times If below If net loss If no When Number Notes the If no report on status quo 15 is greater report in 3 more than of officers thatin 12 months within last members than 20% months one year repeat do not haveappears in two years appears appears appears in appears in terms an active red Clubs less than two years old SC 138770 Bansbari 07/12/2019 Active 41 15 0 15 57.69% 26 0 N 1 $600.02 P,MC 138952 Bargachhi Green City 07/12/2019 Active 25 1 0 1 4.17% 24 4 N 5 142398 Biratnagar A One 08/09/2020 Active 32 32 0 32 100.00% 0 2 N 1 M,MC,SC 138747 Biratnagar Birat Medical 07/12/2019 Active 21 1 0 1 5.00% 20 3 N 3 90+ Days P,S,T,M,VP 138954 Biratnagar Capital City 07/12/2019 Active 20 0 0 0 0.00% 20 21 1 None N/R 90+ Days MC,SC M,MC,SC 140415 Biratnagar Entrepreneur 01/06/2020 Active 18 0 0 0 0.00% 20 10 2 R 10 90+ Days M 139007 Biratnagar Greater 07/12/2019 Active 31 8 3 5 19.23% 26 1 4 3 N 3 Exc Award (06/30/2020) VP 139016 Biratnagar Health Professional 07/12/2019 Active 26 4 1 3 13.04% 23 1 0 N 3 Exc Award (06/30/2020) 138394 Biratnagar Mahanagar -
River Culture in Nepal
Nepalese Culture Vol. XIV : 1-12, 2021 Central Department of NeHCA, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/nc.v14i0.35187 River Culture in Nepal Kamala Dahal- Ph.D Associate Professor, Patan Multipal Campus, T.U. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Most of the world civilizations are developed in the river basins. However, we do not have too big rivers in Nepal, though Nepalese culture is closely related with water and rivers. All the sacraments from birth to the death event in Nepalese society are related with river. Rivers and ponds are the living places of Nepali gods and goddesses. Jalkanya and Jaladevi are known as the goddesses of rivers. In the same way, most of the sacred places are located at the river banks in Nepal. Varahakshetra, Bishnupaduka, Devaghat, Triveni, Muktinath and other big Tirthas lay at the riverside. Most of the people of Nepal despose their death bodies in river banks. Death sacrement is also done in the tirthas of such localities. In this way, rivers of Nepal bear the great cultural value. Most of the sacramental, religious and cultural activities are done in such centers. Religious fairs and festivals are also organized in such a places. Therefore, river is the main centre of Nepalese culture. Key words: sacred, sacraments, purity, specialities, bath. Introduction The geography of any localities play an influencing role for the development of culture of a society. It affects a society directly and indirectly. In the beginning the nomads passed their lives for thousands of year in the jungle. -
Malaria Update Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal [email protected]
Government of Nepal Ministry of Health & Population Department of Health Services Epidemiology and Disease Control Division Malaria Update Teku, Kathmandu, Nepal [email protected] www.edcd.gov.np Volume 4, Issue 4 Quarterly Bulletin October-December 2019 Inside this issue Mass Distribution of LLIN | Page 2 Orientation to Private Health Sector | Page 2 Malaria Mobile Clinic | Page 2 Booth Exhibition in APMEN Meeting | Page 2 List of High & Moderate Risk Areas | Page 3 Microstratification Map | Page 4 Glimpse of Program Activities | Page 4 Group picture of district level orientation & advocacy program conducted at Health Office in Kaski district. District Level Orientation & Advocacy Program intensively oriented and discussed on national malaria strategic plan, malaria program activities, recording & reporting, issues & challenges and One-day orientation program conducted their roles & responsibilities for malaria elimination. in 48 risk/potential districts for malaria as a part of advocacy and develop ownership The technical session has incorporated the presentation on basic in local level following the provincial level malaria epidemiology, life cycle of anopheles, sign & symptoms of malaria, program conducted earlier. The program malaria program activities, basic terminologies, mission, vision, goal & was organized by Health Office of the objective of Nepal Malaria Strategic Plan (NMSP), malaria case trend, respective district with a support from process of surveillance & MDIS, recording & reporting etc. Furthermore, JHPIEGO/USAID which was implemented the practical session conducted for malaria testing by using RDT kit. and technically supported by Logistics like RDT kit, antimalarial drugs, case investigation forms/formats, Epidemiology & Disease Control Division guidelines, treatment protocol, MDIS sticker etc. were also disseminated (EDCD) and Save the Children. -
Food Insecurity and Undernutrition in Nepal
SMALL AREA ESTIMATION OF FOOD INSECURITY AND UNDERNUTRITION IN NEPAL GOVERNMENT OF NEPAL National Planning Commission Secretariat Central Bureau of Statistics SMALL AREA ESTIMATION OF FOOD INSECURITY AND UNDERNUTRITION IN NEPAL GOVERNMENT OF NEPAL National Planning Commission Secretariat Central Bureau of Statistics Acknowledgements The completion of both this and the earlier feasibility report follows extensive consultation with the National Planning Commission, Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), World Food Programme (WFP), UNICEF, World Bank, and New ERA, together with members of the Statistics and Evidence for Policy, Planning and Results (SEPPR) working group from the International Development Partners Group (IDPG) and made up of people from Asian Development Bank (ADB), Department for International Development (DFID), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), UNICEF and United States Agency for International Development (USAID), WFP, and the World Bank. WFP, UNICEF and the World Bank commissioned this research. The statistical analysis has been undertaken by Professor Stephen Haslett, Systemetrics Research Associates and Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, New Zealand and Associate Prof Geoffrey Jones, Dr. Maris Isidro and Alison Sefton of the Institute of Fundamental Sciences - Statistics, Massey University, New Zealand. We gratefully acknowledge the considerable assistance provided at all stages by the Central Bureau of Statistics. Special thanks to Bikash Bista, Rudra Suwal, Dilli Raj Joshi, Devendra Karanjit, Bed Dhakal, Lok Khatri and Pushpa Raj Paudel. See Appendix E for the full list of people consulted. First published: December 2014 Design and processed by: Print Communication, 4241355 ISBN: 978-9937-3000-976 Suggested citation: Haslett, S., Jones, G., Isidro, M., and Sefton, A. (2014) Small Area Estimation of Food Insecurity and Undernutrition in Nepal, Central Bureau of Statistics, National Planning Commissions Secretariat, World Food Programme, UNICEF and World Bank, Kathmandu, Nepal, December 2014. -
A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Practical Action's Livelihood-Centred
A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Practical Action’s Livelihood-Centred Disaster Risk Reduction Project in Nepal Dr Dirk Willenbockel Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex, Brighton, UK Report Commissioned by Practical Action, UK, March 2011 Acknowledgements The author would like to thank Maggie Ibrahim, International Program Coordinator at Practical Action UK, for her lead role in commissioning and overseeing this study and for providing helpful comments on an earlier draft. The help of Dinanath Bhandari at the Practical Action Nepal Office, who responded promptly to all requests for additional information and further clarifications is gratefully acknowledged. Stacey Townsend at the Institute of Development Studies provided competent research assistance and administrative support. Copyright © Practical Action 2011 Author Dirk Willenbockel Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RE – UK [email protected] Suggested citation D. Willenbockel (2011) A Cost-Benefit Analysis of Practical Action’s Livelihood-Centred Disaster Risk Reduction Project in Nepal. Brighton: IDS. Abstract This study provides a systematic cost-benefit analysis of a community-based disaster risk management project led by Practical Action in two districts of Nepal over the period 2007 to 2010. Under cautious assumptions about the long-term impacts of the project initiatives, the overall benefit-cost ratio ranges from 1.13 to 1.45, while under moderately optimistic assumptions the estimated benefit- cost ratio is up to 2.04. The internal rate of return of the project is between 22.2 and 26.3 percent. These findings indicate that the livelihood-centred approach to disaster risk reduction adopted in this project has resulted in a significant net contribution to the economic welfare of the target communities and delivered value for money. -
Flood Assessment Report2020 Kailali 03Aug2020.Pdf
NEPAL 72-hour assessment VERSION_1 Contents may change based on updated information 03 August 2020 Flood in Kailali| July 2020 Priority Populations for Food Assistance Total 21,900 Priority 3 5,400 Priority 2 8,100 Priority 1 8,400 Children Heavy rainfall on 28-29 July 2020 caused flooding in Priority Palika Households Population PLW under 5 Sudurpaschim Province Terai, affecting mainly Kailali 1 3 1,400 8,400 800 200 district. The disaster damaged assets, including houses, water and sanitation infrastructure, food stocks and 2 2 1,400 8,100 800 200 agricultural production, which negatively impacted food security in the district. An estimated 21,900 people’s food 3 3 1,100 5,400 500 100 security is significantly affected as a result of the flooding, Total 8 3,900 21,900 2,100 500 of which 8,400 people, or 1,400 households, are considered to be in most need of assistance. Note: The numbers presented in the Map and Table are estimated based on the However, the satellite image received in 2 August 2020 flood inundation at the peak, received from Sentiel-1 SAR on 29 July and overlaying the pre-crisis vulnerability indicators of these Palikas. Priority 1 and 2 from Sentiniel-1 SAR (see Inundation Area 2) showed that are inneed of immediate assistanceduethe severity of situation. water level is receding in most of the flooded areas. This, WFP has started field assessment in the affected areas to verify and understand together with field assessment results, can influence the the impactand estimate the need as part of 72-hour approach methodology.