Prefeasibility Report Granite Building Stone (Khondalite) Quarry

Prefeasibility report Granite Building Stone (Khondalite) Quarry

Over 0.98.80 Ha In S.Y.No: 511/1(P), 511/2 and 557/2(P) At Erathu Village, Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala

Of Mr. P.Thomas No.57, Sankarathil Thomas Villa, Kurampala, Pandalam-Post, Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta district, Kerala State. Mobile.: 09847651337 Email: [email protected]

Prepared by

Aadhi Boomi Mining And Enviro Tech (P) Ltd., No.3/216, K.S.V.Nagar, Narasothipatti, Salem-4. Phone (0427) 2440446, Cell: 09842729655 [email protected], www.abmenvirotech.com

Chapter Chapter name Page No. No.

1 Executive summary 2

2 Introduction 4

3 Project description 6

4 Site analysis 11

5 Planning brief 21

6 Proposed infrastructure 24

7 Rehabilitation and resettlement (R&R) plan 26

8 Project schedule and cost estimates 27

9 Analysis of proposal 28

Chapter 1: Executive Summary

The Applicant, Shri. P.Thomas residing at No.57, Sankarathil Thomas Villa, Kurampala, Pandalam-Post, Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta district, Kerala State has been applied quarry lease for granite building stone located in S.Y.No: 511/1(P), 511/2 and 557/2(P), over an area of 0.98.80 hectares, Erathu Village, Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala.

Mining Plan is prepared under Rule 66 of Kerala Minor Minerals Concession Rules, (Amended 2015) and Minor Mineral conservation and Development Rule, 2010 (Draft) and approved vide Letter No: 1000/DOPTA/M/17 dated 20.09.2017. As per the EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) notification, 2006 and its subsequent amendment notification S.O 141 (E) dated 15.01.2016, the project area lesser than 5 Hectares are classified under B2 category for the purpose of Environmental Clearance. This B2 category projects required environment clearance from DEAC/DEIAA, Pathanamthitta District. Salient features of the project are as follows:

Table 1.1: Salient Features

S.No. FEATURES DETAILS 1 Proponent details Shri. P.Thomas, No.57, Sankarathil Thomas Villa, Kurampala, Pandalam-Post, Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala state. Pin code -689 501. Mob.: 09847651337 Email: [email protected] 2 Type of land Patta land 3 Survey number 511/1(P), 511/2 and 557/2(P) 4 Geographical features Latitude: 9°6'26.0"N to 9°6'29.92”N Longitude: 76°44'07.22"E to 76°44’11.61"E Altitude of the area is 95m above MSL (Toposheet No. 58 C/7) 5 Type of Project Building Stone Granite (Khondalite) 6 Mining lease area 0.98.90 Hectares 7 Production 28670 MT per annum 8 Depth of Mining 35 m 9 Method of Mining Open cast, semi mechanized mining 10 Category B2 11 Letter of Intent Letter No: 1000/DOPTA/M/17 dated 20.09.2017. 12 Period of Lease 5 years 13 General conditions of Not applicable EIA notification, 2006 14 Man Power 36 persons 15 Water requirement Total water requirement –3.0 KLD Drinking -1 KLD Dust suppression and Green belt - 2KLD Source: Mineral water supply and water tank

16 EMP Cost Rs. 4.40 lakhs 17 Project Cost Rs. 66.50 lakhs 18 Nearest habitation Enathu – 2.6 km (N) 19 Nearest Town Adoor – 5 km (W) 20 Nearest Railway station Kottarakara – 12 km (S) 21 Nearest Airport Trivandrum International Airport – 71 km (S) 22 Nearest Hospital Adoor – 5 km (W) 23 Land use pattern S. Area (Ha) Description No. Present Proposed Area under 1 0.28.47 0.77.41 mining 2 Roads 0.01.50 0.02.50 Green belt & 3 0.18.99 0.18.99 Safety area 4 Labour shed 0.00.90 0.00.90 5 Virgin 0.48.9 --- Total 0.98.80 0.98.80

24 Nearby lake / river/ odai/ No major river is found within 1kms radius. channel etc. Kallada river – 2.5 km South 25 Interstate boundary Kerala -Tamil Nadu interstate boundary is about 45 km on East

Chapter 2: Introduction

2.1. PROJECT PROPONENT

Name : Shri. P.Thomas, Address : No.57, Sankarathil Thomas Villa, Kurampala, Pandalam-Post, Adoor Taluk, Pathanamthitta District, Kerala state. Pin code -689 501. Contact : 09847651337 [email protected]

2.2. LEASE AREA

Survey No. : 511/1(P), 511/2 and 557/2(P) Village : Erathu Taluk : Adoor District : Pathanamthitta State : Kerala

2.3. NATURE OF PROJECT

Open cast semi mechanized quarrying mining with 5m vertical bench for block dimensional cutting and over all pit slope of bench not exceeding 60° from horizontal during extraction of blocks will be followed by using Line drilling, smooth blasting, block lifting using cranes and waste and rejects removal using Hydraulic excavators and tippers combination will be adopted to recover the dimensional blocks of granite of market required size. The economical depth of mining is taken as 35m safety having considered several field phenomenons.

2.4. NEED / IMPORTANCE

Building stones play a vital role in roads, concrete and building products & Aesthetic Works. They are used in walls and paving slabs as it is weather resistant and for its aesthetic appeal. The aggregates of the stone is crushed and sorted into various sizes for use in concrete, coated with bitumen to make asphalt or used dry as bulk fill in construction because of its strong physical properties. Thus mining of Building stones supports the country in improving the infrastructure as well as the economy. It also supports the day to day life by comforting the living environment.

2.5. DEMAND

As Building stone is a significant raw material in the construction sector, the demand exists in the market throughout the year. Thus quarrying of the mineral finds consumer easily in the local market.

2.6. IMPORT VS INDIGENOUS PRODUCTION

Building stone exists in the proposed site and does not require any raw material to be imported for the production process. The extracted blocks are broken into required size for selling.

2.7. EXPORT POSSIBILITY

Not applicable since the project meets local demand only.

2.8. EMPLOYMENT

For the purpose of Mines safety under the provisions of MMR, 1961 under the Mines Act, 1952.The Mining Engineer so appointed should have First\ Second class Mine Manager certificate to act as a Manager of the Mine as per the Mining laws. To supervise daily, of all workings and the persons employed therein the First\second class Manager so appointed must be assisted by a Foreman certificate holder. Wherever the workers are employed more than 10, it is preferred to have a qualified Mining Mate to keep all the production workers directly under his control and supervision.

A mines clerk shall also be appointed to keep the registers and record of the mine and make necessary entries for the persons employed in the mines.

a) Mining Engineer/ Mines Manager : 1 Person (First/ Second Class Mines Manager Competency certificate holder) b) Mines Foreman : 1 person (Foreman competency Certificate holder) c) Mining Mate : 1 person (Mine mate competency certificate holder) d) Register keeper : 1 Person

LABOUR SKILLED - SEMI SKILLED AND UNSKILLED i) Skilled Operator : 01 Person ii) Semi-skilled Driver : 09 Persons iii) Unskilled Musdoors/ Labours : 17 Persons Cleaners : 07 Persons Register keeper : 02 Person ------Total Labours = 36 Persons ------

Chapter 3: Project Description

3.1. TYPE OF PROJECT

The project involves quarrying of granite building stones from the proposed area by adopting eco-friendly and safer techniques. The stones are broken into required sizes and being sent to the market.

3.2. LOCATION

The area is represented by Survey of India Toposheet No. 58C/7, the location map is given in Plate 1 and figure 3.1.

Figure 3.1.: Location of the existing quarry

The area lies in the northern latitude of 9° 6' 26.0 N” to 9° 6' 29.92" N and eastern longitude of 76° 44' 07.22" E to 76° 44' 11.61" E. It is elevated to 95m above MSL. All the pillar co- ordinates are given in table 3.1 and shown on Google Earth Image with lease boundary in figure 3.2.

Table 3.1.: Co-ordinates of Pillars

Sl.No. Latitude Longitude

1 09° 6' 28.53" N 76° 44' 11.61" E 2 09° 6' 29.12" N 76° 44' 10.17" E 3 09° 6' 29.26" N 76° 44' 8.93" E 4 09° 6' 29.92" N 76° 44' 7.49" E 5 09° 6' 29.04" N 76° 44' 7.52" E 6 09° 6' 28.32" N 76° 44' 7.22" E 7 09° 6' 27.64" N 76° 44' 7.31" E 8 09° 6' 27.41" N 76° 44' 7.34" E 9 09° 6' 26.52" N 76° 44' 9.14" E 10 09° 6' 26.00" N 76° 44'10.19" E

11 09° 6' 26.06" N 76° 44'10.71" E

Figure 3.2.: Lease boundary and pillars on Google Earth image

3.3. ALTERNATIVE SITE

Since the project is site specific due to the availability of the minerals, no alternative sites proposed for this project.

3.4. PRODUCTION (SIZE OF OPERATION)

Table 3.2: Production proposed YEARWISE PRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT PRODUCTION Reject @5% YEAR L(m) W(m) D(m) B.D Quantity (MT) @95% (MT) (MT) 24 10 7 2.5 4200 3990 210 33 29 4 2.5 9570 9092 479 I 35 17 1 2.5 1488 1413 74 47 32 4 2.5 15040 14288 752 6 32 4 2.5 1920 1824 96 II 53 50 4 2.5 26500 25175 1325 4 42 5 2.5 2100 1995 105 44 42 5 2.5 23100 21945 1155 III 27 21 5 2.5 7088 6733 354 7 21 5 2.5 1838 1746 92 IV 40 14 5 2.5 7000 6650 350 43 32 5 2.5 17200 16340 860 19 43 2 2.5 4085 3881 204 22 43 2 2.5 4730 4494 237 V 37 33 5 2.5 15263 14499 763 34 23 5 2.5 9775 9286 489 TOTAL 150895 143350 7545

Total production for the five years = 143350MT Total rejects (7545MT+9360MT) =33955MT Ore waste ratio = 33955/143350 =1: 0.23

3.5. PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The economical depth of mining is taken as 35m having considered existing bore holes and outcrops such as limit of lease boundary. Topsoil shall be removed; one benches of weathered rock and four benches are designed to exploit the granite blocks by conventional methods. The benches each of 5m height and width not less than the height are designed to win the blocks.

Top soil shall be removed and stacked separately along lease boundary as earth bund which will be used for afforestation purposes in phases. A bench height of 5m and a width not less than the height and three working benches, each with a height of 5m as equal to the height of the excavator boom and the width more than 5m is proposed to be maintained for safe movement of machinery. The bench slope is maintained not more than 60° from horizontal. S1 fencing shall be constructed at the top of high benches in order to safe guard the

8 unauthorized entry of men and machinery. In the case of entry, G1 fencing as a parapet should be made to control trespassers.

3.5.1. Drilling and Blasting

Drilling of shot-holes will be carried out using compressor and Jack hammer combination. Depth of holes shall be 1-2m. The spacing shall be 0.75m and burden shall be 0.60m from the preface depends upon the size of block. To achieve a correct blasting geometry, certain amount of trial blast is pre-requisite to effect a perfect pre-determined fragmentation and fly rock control. In case of heavy blasting, a qualified Mines manager has to be appointed for proper calculation of powder factor, control blasting, sequencing and arrangements of explosives.

The massive formation shall be broken into pieces of portable size by jack hammer drilling and shot hole blasting. Powder factor of explosives for breaking such hard rock shall be in the order of 6-7 tonnes per Kg of explosives.

A controlled Blasting technique is adopted to open a pre-determined crack of the block from the parent body. Shot-hole with 32-40mm dia. which are drilled by line drilling and Jack hammers at a close spaced interval of 30cms will be initiated suitably with any one or more of the following methods,

a) Pre-splitting b) Cushing blasting with low strength and very low dia. Cartridges axial priming or standard dia. cartridge with intermittent stemming materials. c) Water impulsion with Detonating cords of sufficient power, preferably 10gms per meter to develop cracks along the line of drilling.

3.6. RESOURCES Total Geological resources (A) = 172823MT Mineral reserves blocked under Mine benches (B) = 16247 MT Mineral reserves blocked in safety zone (C) = 13226 MT

Then, Total Mineable/Recoverable reserves = A-(B+C) =172832-(16247+13226) =172832-29473 Mineable reserves calculated as =143350 MT

3.7. WATER SOURCE AND REQUIREMENT

Whole some drinking water shall be provided as per the Mines Rules, 1955. Quantity for drinking and utilities is 1.0KLD. Dust suppression and green belt of water is

2.0KLD.Minimum quantity of 3.0KLD has to be maintained as per the Rule. Drinking water is obtained by Mineral water industries by water canes. Dust suppression and green belt is obtained from water tank.

3.8. POWER SOURCE AND REQUIREMENT

Electricity is not required as the mine will be working during day time only which does not demand artificial light. Fuel is required only for operating the machineries.

3.9. WASTE GENERATION

The waste to be generated shall be debris of portable size hard rock without any clay soil and connate water and therefore collapse of dumps is not possible for this mine.

Table 3.3.: Year wise waste generation Overburden Building stone Year Topsoil (MT) /Waste Total Rejects (MT) (MT) First 26410 - 1515 27925 Second - - 1526 1526 Third - - 1509 1509 Fourth - - 1506 1506 Fifth - - 1488 1488 Total 26410 - 7545 33954

Chapter 4: Site Analysis

4.1. CONNECTIVITY The area is accessible from Erathu village by 6.5km on northern side. SH-road is situated above 1.5km away on the eastern side connecting Adoor-Erathu. There is no railway line is found around 5km radius. There is a village road located nearby the site on the western side for transport of materials. Features in the 300 m and 500 m buffer zone of the lease area is shown in figure 4.2.

Figure 4.1. Route

Figure 4.2. Geo-referenced Google Earth image around 300m and 500 m radius

4.2. LAND DETAILS Table 4.1. shows the list of survey numbers and its extent. The lease area is Patta land. Existing land use pattern of the lease area is given in table 4.2.

Table 4.1.: Land Particulars Permissible Area in State and for Ownership Taluk Village S.Y No. Position District quarrying Occupancy (Ha) (Ha) 511/1(P) 1.20.51 0.41.82 Kerala 511/2 0.20.23 0.20.23 Adoor Erathu Patta land Pathanamthitta 557/2(P) 2.19.40 0.36.75 TOTAL 3.60.14 0.98.80

Table 4.2.: Existing Land use S. Area (Ha) Description No. Present Proposed Area under 1 0.28.47 0.77.41 mining 2 Roads 0.01.50 0.02.50 Green belt & 3 0.18.99 0.18.99 Safety area 4 Labour shed 0.00.90 0.00.90 5 Virgin 0.48.9 --- Total 0.98.80 0.98.80

4.3. TOPOGRAPHY

The area (Figure 4.3.) applied for Environmental Clearance. The area is almost hilly terrain and its elevation ranges from 90-65m above mean level. Some part of lease area is disturbed by quarrying .The other part of the area covered by the native plants and trees. There is no water source found around the lease boundary. The Pathanamthitta district received the rain under the influence of both southwest and northwest monsoons. The southwest monsoon chiefly contributes to the rainfall in the district. Most of the precipitation occurs in the form of cyclonic storms caused due to the depressions in Arabian Sea. The normal annual rainfall over the district varies from about 2850mm.It is the minimum around Pathanamthitta in the southeastern part of the district. The highest humidity is generally recorded in May with the value of 87%. Throughout the month of August daytime temperatures will generally reach highs of around 28°C that's about 83°F. At night the average minimum temperature drops down to around 22°C, that's 72°F.

Figure 4.3.: Photograph showing general view of the quarry

4.4. ENVIRONMENTAL FEATURES

4.1. Air Environment

Air samples are collected from the mine and Air sampling was done in this mine and little amount of dust rise is observed. Dust fall data may be taken from the district observation for threshold values. Results are as given in table 4.3.

Table 4.3.: Air sample analysis report Sl. PARAMETERS PROTOCOL UNIT RESULT NAAQ No S 3 1 Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) Envirotech Manual μg / m 39.90 60 2 Respirable Particulate Matter IS 5182 Part 23- μg / m3 79.80 100 ( PM10) 2006 3 3 Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) IS 5182 Part 2 - μg / m 7.35 80 2001 3 4 Nitrogen Dioxide ( NO2) IS 5182 Part 6- μg / m 14.10 80 2006 3 5 Ozone (O3) IS 5182 Part 9- μg / m 36.10 180 2009 6 Lead (Pb) IS 5182 Part 22- μg / m3 BDL 1 2004 (DL=0.1) 7 Carbon Monoxide (CO) (1 Hour IS 5182 Part 10- mg/m3 BDL 4 ) 2003 (DL=1.15) 3 8 Ammonia (NH3) Indophenol Method μg / m 17.15 400 9 Arsenic (As) IS 5182 Part ng / m3 BDL 6 22:2004 R.2009 (DL=1.0) 10 Nickel (Ni) IS 5182 Part ng / m3 BDL 20 22:2004 R.2009 (DL=0.1) 3 11 Benzene (C6H6) IS 5182 Part 11- μg / m BDL 5 2006 (DL=0.1) 12 Benzo (a) Pyrene IS 5182 Part 12- ng / m3 BDL 1 2004 (DL=0.1) BDL – Below Detectable Limit ; DL – Detection Limit

4.4.2. Water Environment

Water table is located at a depth of 11mbgl from the tube wells. No adverse health hazardous was reported due to quality of water like flurosis. TDS, COD, BOD, Salinity, hardness etc have to be tested by the applicant within one year for consumption of water by the mine workers one sample each from open and tube wells. Results as per the test report is given in table 4.4. Table 4.4.: Water sample analysis report

As Per IS 10500:2012

PROTOCOL:

APHA 22nd Sl. No

UNITS Edition 2012

RESULTS

PARAMETERS Requirement

the absence of the of absence

alternate source

(Acceptable limit) Permissible limit in Permissible limit in pH value at 1 - 7.96 6.5 – 8.5 6.5 – 8.5 4500 H+ B 25oC <1.0 2 Turbidity NTU 1 5 2130 B

3 Color Hazen Unit <1.0 5 15 2120 B IS 3025 P 5 1983 4 Odor - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable R.2012 Electrical Micromhos/ 5 conductivity cm 377 - - 2510 B at 25oC Total IS:3025: 6 Suspended mg/l <1.0 - - P.17:1984:R.2012 Solids IS Total 2000 3025:P.16:1984:R 7 Dissolved mg/l 200 500 .2012 Solids

Total 8 Hardness as mg/l 144 200 600 2340 C CaCO3 Calcium 9 Hardness as mg/l 136 - - 3500 - Ca B CaCO3 Magnesium 10 Hardness as mg/l 8.0 - - 3500 – Mg B CaCO3 Calcium as 11 mg/l 54.0 75 200 3500-Ca B Ca Magnesium 12 mg/l 1.92 3 100 2340 C as Mg

Phenolpthalei 13 n Alkalinity mg/l Nil - - 2320 B as CaCO3 Total 14 Alkalinity as mg/l 50.0 200 600 2320 B CaCO3 Chlorides as 15 mg/l 11.0 250 1000 4500 Cl- B Cl Sulfates as 16 mg/l 86.0 200 400 4500 SO4 E SO4 Total Iron as 17 mg/l BDL 0.3 0.3 3500 Fe B Fe Silica 18 (Reactive) as mg/l 1.68 - - 4500 SiO2 C SiO2 Carbonate 19 Hardness as mg/l 50.0 - - 2340 A CaCO3 Non- Carbonate 20 mg/l 94.0 - - 2340 A Hardness as CaCO3 Free Residual 21 mg/l <0.2 0.2 1 4500 CL- B Chlorine MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATION Requirement as per IS Sl. 10500: 2012 Second Parameters Units Results Protocol No revision (Acceptable Limit) Total MPN/ Shall not be detectable IS 1622-1981 1 Absent Coliforms 100ml in any 100ml Amd.4 RA 2009 MPN/ Shall not be detectable IS 1622-1981 2 E.Coli Absent 100ml in any 100ml Amd.4 RA 2009

4.4.3. Acoustic and Seismic environment

Sound measurement in the core and buffer area is done. Threshold sound level is reported as 55dB. Detailed measurement is given in table 4.5. No activity to test vibration of longitudinal waves and its peak particle velocity.

Table 4.5.: Sound measurement readings Sampling Noise Value Average Noise Value Limits as per KSPCB Location dB (A) dB (A) (Day Time) dB (A) Core Zone 50.6 51.2 50.72 55 50.2 50.9

4.4.4. Soil

Soil sample is collected and analysed for its physical and chemical characteristics as in table 4.6. from the lease. Dust is suppressed by water spraying at the time of transporting material from mine. Dust fall data collected from the district office for observing threshold values.

Table 4.6.: Soil analysis results S.No PARAMETERS RESULTS 1 pH value (10% Solution) 5.58 2 EC@ 25oC (Micromhos/cm) (10% 8.0 solution) 3 Moisture 21.12% w/w 4 Density 1.09 g/cc 5 Texture Clay=39.30% :Sand & Silt =20.90: Gravel =39.80% Gravel Soil 6 Consistency Soft 7 Structure Structureless 8 Texture Clay=39.30% Sand & Silt =20.90 Gravel = 39.80 % Gravel Soil 9 Color Blackish 10 Loss On Ignition 25.85 %w/w 11 Lime Status (Lime Requirement) Nil

Chemical Parameters S. No PARAMETERS RESULTS 1 Alkalinity 0.0250%w/w 2 Sodium Absorption Ratio 8.57 meq/Kg 3 Cation Exchange Ratio 10.0 meq/100g 4 Oil & Grease <10.0 ppm 5 Chlorides 0.0099% w/w 6 Sulphates 0.0037 % w/w 7 Nitrates 0.0142% w/w 8 Total Nitrogen 0.149% w/w 9 Total Phosphorous 0.006% w/w 10 Calcium 0.269% w/w 11 Magnesium 0.111% w/w 12 Sodium 0.210% w/w 13 Potassium 0.034% w/w 14 Iron 1.18% w/w 15 Organic matter 0.95% w/w 16 Water holding capacity 1.23% w/w 17 Copper 0.031% w/w 18 Nickel 0.00089% w/w

19 Chromium 0.0014% w/w 20 Lead 0.0021% w/w 21 Zinc 0.018% w/w

4.4.5. Flora and Fauna

The applied area and the surrounded area is mostly covered with rubber, coconut trees. The photo of identified flora is given below in Table 4.7 and Fig no.4.4. Identified fauna is given in table 4.8.

Table 4.7: Flora A) TREES Sl.no. Local Name Botanical Name Number of Trees 1 Rubber Hevea Brasiliensis 663

2 Kasumavu Anacardium orcidentale 91

B) Climbers

Sl.no. Local Name Species Name Number 1 kattupayar Centrosema molle 34

2 Menthoni Gloriosa superba Linn.

C) SHRUBS Local Sl.no. Botanical Name Number of species Name - 1 - -

D) HERBS Sl.no. Local Name Botanical Name ------

a) Rubber b) Kasumavu

d) Kattupayar c) Naikorana Figure 4.4: Flora found in the site

Table 4.8.a: Fauna- Mammals Sl.no. Local Name Zoological Name 1 Indian palm squirrel Funambulus palmarum 2 Wild Boar Sus scrofa 3 Rabbits Lepus curpaeums Table 4.8.b: Fauna – Avian Fauna Sl.no. Local Name Zoological Name 1 House crow Corvus splendens 2 Black drogue Dicrurus macrocercus Table 4.8.c: Fauna – Butterfly Sl.no. Local Name Zoological Name 1 Scorpion Scorpiones 2 Millipedes Diplopoda

4.4.5. Eco sensitive area

There is no major water body, seasonal odai or Nallah found within 500 m radius of the lease boundary. Archaeological monuments, bridges, Theme parks, are also not located in the area. No reserve forest, wild life sanctuaries found within the 10 km radius.

4.5. CLIMATIC CONDITION

The Pathanamthitta district received the rain under the influence of both southwest and northwest monsoons. The southwest monsoon chiefly contributes to the rainfall in the district. Most of the precipitation occurs in the form of cyclonic storms caused due to the depressions in Arabian Sea. The normal annual rainfall over the district varies from about 2850mm.It is the minimum around Pathanamthitta in the southeastern part of the district. The highest humidity is generally recorded in May with the value of 87%.

4.6. INFRASTRUCTURE

4.6.1. Road

The mode of transport of the building stone granite produced and marketed is by road to various consumer destinations. Approach road is available from the lease area for transportation.

4.6.2. Power Supply

Since simple methods are adopted and the limited scale of activities involved in the quarrying, high tension electric power supply or huge workshop facility is not required.

4.6.3. Sanitary Facilities

Surface latrines and urinals shall be constructed at convenient place for usage of male and female labours separately.

4.6.4. First Aid Facility

Being a small mine First aid station as per provisions under Rule (44) of the Mines Rules 1955 will be provided with facilities as per the third schedule as prescribed. Qualified First Aid personnel should be appointed or nominated to attend emergency first aid treatment.

4.7. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Table 4.9. shows the existing infrastructures nearby the area.

Table 4.9.: Infrastructure nearby the lease area

S.No. Particulars Location Approximate Direction Distance in (Avg) Km 1. Post office Choorakode 1 North 2. Town (Taluk Head) Adoor 8 North 3. Police Station Enathu 4 SE 4. Municipality Adoor 8 North 5. Fire Station Adoor 8 North 6. Govt. Hospital Choorakode 1 North 7. School Choorakode 1 North 8. DSP Office Adoor 8 North 9. Railway Station Chengannur 27 North 10. Nearest Airport Trivandrum 85 South 11. Sea port Neendakara 26 NW 12. Villages i) Adoor 6 North ii) Enathu 2.5 South iii) Kadambanadu 1.5 West iv) Enadimangalam 8 East

Chapter 5: Planning Brief

5.1. PLANNING CONCEPT

Excavation of building stone granite is planned and described in section 3.4 and 3.6. Proposed land is a Patta land which does not come under Residential, Forest or any other sensitive land classification. As a small project, it is not demanding any town or country planning. However, approach roads and haul roads will be laid for the transportation of excavated materials to the market and to the dump.

5.2. POPULATION PROJECTION

The proposed project will not affect the village population, and hence population projection is not significant. However, it provides occupation to about 36 persons of which 80% of them will be from the local villages. Other than mine employment, workshops, spare parts, tyres and tubes and related several self-employment opportunities.

5.3. LAND USE PLANNING

The present and proposed land use pattern is given in clause 23 of Table 1.1.

5.4. INFRASTRUCTURE DEMAND

Labour shed, Surface latrines and urinals are required to be constructed for making easy accessibility from the working area. No other infrastructures required.

5.5. AMENITIES/ FACILITIES

List of equipments and materials required for drilling, loading, transporting is given in table 5.1., 5.2, 5.3 respectively.

Table 5.1.: Drilling equipments Dia. Of Motive H.P. Type Nos. Size/Capacity Make Hole Power Hand held Jack Hammer 4 19mm Air 45 Atlas Copco Compressor 2 --- Mahindra --- 80 Table 5.2.: Loading Equipments Size/ Capacity Motive H.P. Type Nos. Make (m3) Power Hydraulic EX 2 No 1.20 Hitachi Diesel excavator 110 Table 5.3.: Transportation vehicles Type Nos. Size/ Capacity Make Motive Power H.P. Tipper 6 10 M.T Swaraj Masta Diesel 180

5.6. HAZARDS AND RISK MANAGEMENT 5.6.1. Explosives Blasting is done by means of explosives which are hazardous during of handling, storage and blasting.

5.6.1.1. Storage and Handling The Applicant is advised to store the explosives as per the Indian Explosives Act, 1958 and the Explosive Rules, 1983. Necessary permissions should be obtained from the Joint Controller of Explosives to store and uses of explosives in the quarry in the magazine permit under Form - 23 or Agreement shall be made with holder of Form - 22 who can supply and fire explosives as per safety practices. However blasting in the mine or quarry shall be done as per the MMR, 1961 under the supervision of Mines Blaster certificate holder, appointed under Reg. 160 of Metalliferous Mines Regulations, 1961.

5.6.1.2. Blasting Poorly designed shots can result in misfires early ignition and flying rock. Safety can be ensured by planning for round of shots to ensure face properly surveyed, holes correctly drilled, direction logged, the weight of explosion for good fragmentation. Blast design, charge and fire around of explosives should be carried out by a trained person.

5.6.2. Drilling Slipping and Falling of labours from the edge of a bench during drilling is possible. Part of training should include instructions to face towards the open edge of the bench so any inadvertent backward step is away from the edge. Suitable portable rail fencing which can be erected between the drilling operations and the edge of the mine can be provided. Attachment of a safety line to the drilling rig and provide harness for the driller to wear can be done. Newer drill machines are provided with cabin which controls noise level within cabins. Driller operators should be protected with ear protection.

5.6.3. Loading Possible risks during loading of mined rocks are falling of rock on the driver, plant toppling aver due to uneven ground, failure of hydraulic system, fires, fall while gaining access to operating cabin, electrocution in Draglines, failure of wire ropes in Dragline. In order to overcome these risks:

 Operator cabin should be of suitable strength to protect the driver in event of rock fall.  Electrical supply to dragline should be properly installed with adequate earth continuity and earth leakage protection.  Wire rope should be suitable for work undertaken and be examined periodically.  Ensure that loaders are positioned sufficiently away from face edges

5.6.4. Transportation Brake failure, lack of all-around visibility from driver position, vehicle movements particularly while reversing, rollover, Vibrations, Noise, Dust and improper / no signalling are some of the factors causing risk. This can be avoided by following measures:

 Visibility defects can be eliminated by the use of visibility aids such as closed circuit television and suitable mirrors.  Edge protection is necessary to prevent inadvertent movement.  Seatbelt to protect driver in event of vehicle rollover.  Good maintenance and regular testing necessary to reduce possibility of brake failure.  Avoid driving at the edge of roadway under construction  Heavy earth moving equipment and vehicle drivers and those giving signals should be well trained.

5.6.5. Unstable face Chances of Rock fall or slide exists. Regular examination of face must be done and remedial measures must be taken to make it safe if there is any doubt that a collapse could take place. Working should be advanced in a direction taken into account the geology such that face and quarry side remain stable.

5.6.6. General safety measures Provisions of the Mines Act, Rules and Regulations orders made there under shall be complied with, so that the safety of the mine, machinery and persons will be ensured. Permission, relaxation or exemption wherever required for the safe and scientific mining of the deposit will be obtained from the Department of Mine Safety.  Safety kits should be located in easily accessible place with major first aid materials in it.  Entry of any unauthorized person into mine and plant areas shall be completely prohibited  Arrangements for fire fighting in the mine’s office complex and mining area  Provision of all the safety appliances such as safety boot, helmets, goggles, ear plugs etc. shall be made available for the employees  Mining will be undertaken in coexistence with the requirements of the Mining Plan which shall be updated from time to time  Handling of explosives, charging and blasting shall be undertaken only by a competent person  Adequate safety equipment shall be provided at the explosive magazine  All the mining equipment shall be maintained as per the guidelines of the manufacturer Elevating the awareness of employees, contract workers and public as a whole by celebrating Annual Safety Week which includes various competitions like posters, essay, slogan, quiz etc.

Chapter 6: Proposed Infrastructure 6.1. GREEN BELT Afforestation plan is proposed to develop a green belt around the mining lease as in table 6.1. About Rs.1,50,000/- is allotted for the afforestation programme.

Table 6.1.: Afforestation Programme

Year Place Types of Trees Number Rate of Survival Rubber, Teak and I Lease Boundary 50 80 % other regional trees Rubber, Teak and II Lease Boundary 50 80 % other regional trees Rubber, Teak and III Lease Boundary 50 80 % other regional trees Rubber, Teak and IV Lease Boundary 50 80 % other regional trees Rubber, Teak and V Lease Boundary 50 80 % other regional trees

6.2. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

6.2.1. CSR activities The proponent is proposed to spend CSR as per the Companies Act. He propose to spent CSR activities to the Panchayat for maintenance of road, street light, school sanitation etc

6.2.2. Employment potential The proposed project will enhance the socio-economic activities in the adjoining areas. Several shops and service providers shall grow in the public adjacent to mines. Schools and city development shall also be possible owing to the fact of economic growth in the village. This will result in following benefits - Improvements in physical infrastructure. - Improvements in Social Infrastructure. - Increase in Employment Potential - Contribution to the Exchequer. - Prevention of illegal mining. - During and Post-mining enhancement of green cover.

6.3. CONNECTIVITY

Haul roads are already laid connecting the public roads for transportation of materials

6.4. DRINKING WATER MANAGEMENT

Water requirement and management are as discussed in section 3.7. of chapter 3.

6.5. DRAINAGE PLAN

Rainwater will be properly routed such that not affecting the nearby water source. Garland drainage around dump shall prevent under wash of dump by hydrostatic pressure to be developed by surface water and control wash outs and collapse.

6.6. SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Waste generation is as discussed in section 3.9.

6.7. POWER REQUIREMENT AND SOURCE

Details of the power requirement and source are as discussed in section 5.5 of Chapter 5.

Chapter 7: Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) Plan

In the event of closure of mine, the mine worker shall get alternate work or business like agriculture etc. No serious repercussions envisaged in the event of cessation of mining activity, as they will be provided employment in other mines belong to the company.

The mining operation was concentrated only in the Granite bearing area over the entire lease area and some waste removal from these mines and dumped on the southern part of the area. No reclamation was made over the mined out area since the deposit persist at still at deeper levels. Being a site specific building stone excavation, the project does not involve displacement of any residents or public infrastructures. Thus resettlement is not proposed.

Chapter 8: Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R&R) Plan

8.1. PROJECT COST

i. Land cost = Rs. 58,00,000 ii. Machinery = Nil iii. Refilling/Fencing = Rs. 2,00,000 iv. Labour shed = Rs. 1,50,000 v. Sanitary facility = Rs. 2,00,000 vi. Miscellaneous = Rs. 3,00,000 Total = Rs. 66.50 lakh

8.2. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND MANAGEMENT COST

i. Drinking water facilities =Rs. 1,00,000 ii. Sanitary Arrangements =Rs. 50,000 iii. Safety Kits =Rs. 80,000 iv. Water sprinkling =Rs. 60,000 v. Afforestation =Rs. 1,50,000 Total =Rs. 4.40 lakh

Chapter 9: Analysis of Proposal

The mining activities in this belt will benefit to the local people both directly and indirectly. The direct beneficiaries will be those who get employed in the mines as skilled and un-skilled workers. This operation doesn’t need relocation of any habitants.

The proponent will plant sufficient number of trees around the lease boundary as well as along the village roads to keep the environment green.

The Proponent will maintain the infrastructures and provide development fee of 2.5% of the profit as per the Companies Act 2013 and CSR Rules 2014 to the local Panchayat.

(Mr.P.Thomas) Project Proponent

Mr.S.Suriyakumar Signature of EIA coordinator (Mining) M.Sc., M.Phil, F.C.C. (Min) PGDBA, DIPC

Date: 21-09-2017 Place: Salem