2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

Din (6). Din - al

districts) in six governorates: Anbar (7), Diyala (5), (3), Ninewa (5), (5) and Salah Salah and (5) Baghdad (5), Ninewa (3), Kirkuk (5), Diyala (7), Anbar governorates: six in districts) - (sub

obtaining information using a simplified market questionnaire. Responses covered 31 different locations locations different 31 covered Responses questionnaire. market simplified a using information obtaining

interviews. In collaboration with Islamic Relief, 412 calls were successfully made in May and June, June, and May in made successfully were calls 412 Relief, Islamic with collaboration In interviews.

WFP collected market information in central and northern governorates of , using live telephone telephone live using Iraq, of governorates northern and central in information market collected WFP

In addition to monitoring household food security, security, food household monitoring to addition In household. the by owned phones mobile of number

18 governorates and in conflict hotspots, drawn from Korek’s database. The data was weighted by the the by weighted was data The database. Korek’s from drawn hotspots, conflict in and governorates 18

1,500 in June) via Korek, a major mobile network operator. WFP monitored respondents living in Iraq’s Iraq’s in living respondents monitored WFP operator. network mobile major a Korek, via June) in 1,500

interviews throughout Iraq. Data was collected from a sample of 3,000 respondents (1,500 in May and and May in (1,500 respondents 3,000 of sample a from collected was Data Iraq. throughout interviews

In May and June 2016, mVAM conducted household food security monitoring using live telephone telephone live using monitoring security food household conducted mVAM 2016, June and May In

METHODOLOGY

schools. and mosques in sheltering or desert open the in

dozens of small camps in harsh conditions, sharing small, overcrowded tents, while others are stranded stranded are others while tents, overcrowded small, sharing conditions, harsh in camps small of dozens

the thousands. Meanwhile, the situation of those who have fled the city is dire. Families are gathering in in gathering are Families dire. is city the fled have who those of situation the Meanwhile, thousands. the

held . While it is not clear how many civilians are still in the city, the UN estimates it could be in in be could it estimates UN the city, the in still are civilians many how clear not is it While Mosul. held

heavy flow of displaced civilians fleeing the violence as the offensive continues, pressing on towards ISIL towards on pressing continues, offensive the as violence the fleeing civilians displaced of flow heavy -

Humanitarian agencies working on the outskirts of the city are reportedly struggling to cope with the the with cope to struggling reportedly are city the of outskirts the on working agencies Humanitarian

Iraq mVAM data collection, May 2016 2016 May collection, data mVAM Iraq 1. Map

army declared recaptured from ISIL on 26 June. June. 26 on ISIL from recaptured Fallujah declared army

Baghdad Governorate. On 18 June, the Iraqi Prime Minister ordered measures to help displaced families from Fallujah, with 10 10 with Fallujah, from families displaced help to measures ordered Minister Prime Iraqi the June, 18 On Governorate. Baghdad camps to be established. The Iraqi Iraqi The established. be to camps new

displaced from Fallujah and have arrived mainly in Amiriyat Al Fallujah, with a smaller number in Al Habbaniya sub Habbaniya Al in number smaller a with Fallujah, Al Amiriyat in mainly arrived have and Fallujah from displaced h in Anbar Governorate), as well as in in as well as Governorate), Anbar in h (bot district -

rm Mnse anucd h sat f h mltr oeain o eatr Flua fo II. codn t hmntra partn humanitarian to According ISIL. from Fallujah recapture to operation military the of start the announced Minister Prime , up to 85,000 people have been been have people 85,000 to up , ers

city and district of Rutba was retaken by Iraqi forces, giving access to a population that has been under ISIL occupation sin occupation ISIL under been has that population a to access giving forces, Iraqi by retaken was Rutba of district and city June 2014. Meanwhile, on 22 May the Iraqi Iraqi the May 22 on Meanwhile, 2014. June ce

SITUATION UPDATE: UPDATE: SITUATION May and June saw an increase in the number of attacks across Iraq, primarily in Anbar Governorate and in Baghdad. In May, the May, In Baghdad. in and Governorate Anbar in primarily Iraq, across attacks of number the in increase an saw June and May stern stern we

deterioration as more respondents reported not receiving rations in May than in February. February. in than May in rations receiving not reported respondents more as deterioration

 Household access to Public Distribution System (PDS) deliveries showed signs of of signs showed deliveries (PDS) System Distribution Public to access Household

severe shortages of food, and the few food items available are more expensive than ever. ever. than expensive more are available items food few the and food, of shortages severe

affected governorates. Respondents in Fallujah continue to report report to continue Fallujah in Respondents governorates. affected - conflict in volatile highly

 The average cost of a standard food basket remained stable in June, but food markets are are markets food but June, in stable remained basket food standard a of cost average The

returnees. and IDPs

 Household food consumption has deteriorated sharply since February 2016, especially among among especially 2016, February since sharply deteriorated has consumption food Household

Highlights

© WFP/ Mohammed Al Bahbahani Al Mohammed WFP/ ©

Food insecurity increases across the country, especially among IDPs among especially country, the across increases insecurity Food

IRAQ

2016 July - June – 19 Bulletin

2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

Figure 1. Percentage of respondent households with ‘poor’ or ‘borderline’ FCS compared to national average. October 2015 2015 October average. national to compared FCS ‘borderline’ or ‘poor’ with households respondent of Percentage 1. Figure 016 2 May –

Source: WFP mVAM, May 2016 2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

reported poor or borderline consumption (Figure 2). (Figure consumption borderline or poor reported

lhuh hy eitrd uh etr ees f od osmto: 7 consumption: food of levels better much registered they although percent percent

new record level of vulnerability. The downward trend also held for residents, residents, for held also trend downward The vulnerability. of level record new

percent of IDPs and returnees have poor or borderline food consumption consumption food borderline or poor have returnees and IDPs of percent 31 a a –

May data revealed that IDP food consumption has deteriorated sharply: sharply: deteriorated has consumption food IDP that revealed data May

1). (Figure consumption borderline

consumption, with almost a third of surveyed households reporting poor or or poor reporting households surveyed of third a almost with consumption,

continues to report the highest levels of inadequate food food inadequate of levels highest the report to continues Ninewa 2). (Map

percent), Ninewa (from 9 to 29 percent) and Salah al Salah and percent) 29 to 9 (from Ninewa percent), Din (from 2 to 17 percent) percent) 17 to 2 (from Din -

households surveyed in Baghdad (from 2 to 12 percent), (from 7 to 22 22 to 7 (from Duhok percent), 12 to 2 (from Baghdad in surveyed households

At the governorate level, inadequate consumption increased significantly for for significantly increased consumption inadequate level, governorate the At

percent. 10 to 3 from increased

surveyed households with inadequate (‘poor’ or ‘borderline’) food consumption consumption food ‘borderline’) or (‘poor’ inadequate with households surveyed

National food security was worse in May than in February. The percentage of of percentage The February. in than May in worse was security food National

2016 May – (FCS) Score Consumption

DIET ADEQUATE AN TO ACCESS OUT WITH HOUSEHOLDS MORE

Map 2. Percentage of respondent households with ‘poor’ and ‘borderline’ Food Food ‘borderline’ and ‘poor’ with households respondent of Percentage 2. Map

IRAQ 2016 July – June – 19 Bulletin

2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

survey. the

related coping strategy during the seven days before before days seven the during strategy coping related - food one least at used households

governorate and the increase from February is very high: over a third of the surveyed surveyed the of third a over high: very is February from increase the and governorate

Households in Ninewa are resorting to more negative coping strategies than in any other other any in than strategies coping negative more to resorting are Ninewa in Households

food; 22 percent more borrowed or received help from families and friends (Figure 4). 4). (Figure friends and families from help received or borrowed more percent 22 food;

Ninewa, 12 percent more households ate fewer meals and had to rely on less expensive expensive less on rely to had and meals fewer ate households more percent 12 Ninewa,

- al Salah +15%, (Baghdad size Wassit +14%). In In +14%). Wassit - Missan and +13% Ninewa +21%, Din

Several governorates saw a rise in the proportion of households limiting their portion portion their limiting households of proportion the in rise a saw governorates Several

percent.

percent of households limited their portion sizes; this proportion doubled in May to 13 13 to May in doubled proportion this sizes; portion their limited households of percent 6

and friends, eating smaller portions and reducing the number of meals. In February, February, In meals. of number the reducing and portions smaller eating friends, and

families were buying less expensive food, borrowing food or receiving help from family family from help receiving or food borrowing food, expensive less buying were families

resorted to negative strategies (Map 3). The coping strategies most used by surveyed surveyed by used most strategies coping The 3). (Map strategies negative to resorted

increased use of negative coping strategies, while in Duhok and Erbil fewer households households fewer Erbil and Duhok in while strategies, coping negative of use increased

percent in February. At the governorate level, Diyala and Ninewa showed an an showed Ninewa and Diyala level, governorate the At February. in percent 12

percent of households reported food access problems compared with with compared problems access food reported households of percent 14 May, In

2016 May strategies, coping negative using households of Percentage 3. Map

RTING TO NEGATIVE COPING STRATEGIES IN NINEWA IN STRATEGIES COPING NEGATIVE TO RTING RESO HOUSEHOLDS MORE

2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

Source: WFP mVAM, June 2016 2016 June mVAM, WFP Source:

2016 May – 2016 January status, 2016 June – 2016 March hotspots, conflict

Figure 2. Households with inadequate consumption by respondent respondent by consumption inadequate with Households 2. Figure Figure 3. Households with inadequate consumption by respondent status in in status respondent by consumption inadequate with Households 3. Figure

similar food consumption patterns to previous months (Figure 3). (Figure months previous to patterns consumption food similar

more households reported poor food consumption in the districts of Tooz, in Salah al Salah in Tooz, of districts the in consumption food poor reported households more in June). IDPs and returnees in conflict hotspots registered registered hotspots conflict in returnees and IDPs June). in percent 16 to April In percent 7 (from Din -

Din) and (Kirkuk). This improvement This (Kirkuk). Daquq and Din) - al (Salah Balad (Diyala), Baladrooz (Ninewa), Shikhan - Al in registered was consumption is likely related to the observance of Ramadan. However, However, Ramadan. of observance the to related likely is

In the monitored conflict hotspots, data collected in June showed that the food consumption of sampled households remained la remained households sampled of consumption food the that showed June in collected data hotspots, conflict monitored the In ly unchanged compared to previous rounds. Better food food Better rounds. previous to compared unchanged ly rge

Ramadan during hotpots conflict in slightly improved consumption Food

IRAQ 2016 July - June – 19 Bulletin

2016 June mVAM, WFP Source:

May.

have stayed the same since since same the stayed have – work manual

baskets that can be bought with one day of of day one with bought be can that baskets

the number of food food of number the – trade of terms The

Ninewa (Figure 6). 6). (Figure Ninewa

have risen in Baghdad and Kirkuk but fallen in in fallen but Kirkuk and Baghdad in risen have

Din the lowest (IQD 15,976). Wages Wages 15,976). (IQD lowest the Din - al Salah

Kirkuk has the highest wages (IQD 23,333) and and 23,333) (IQD wages highest the has Kirkuk

IQD 21,500 to IQD 20,700. 20,700. IQD to 21,500 IQD

average unskilled labour wage has fallen from from fallen has wage labour unskilled average

After reaching a record high in May, the overall overall the May, in high record a reaching After

to - Wage 6. Figure 2016 May – 2015 December trade, of terms food -

LABOUR UNSKILLED FOR STABLE ARE WAGES

2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

Source: WFP mVAM, May 2016 2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

Figure 4. Households using negative coping in Ninewa, February and May 2016 May and February Ninewa, in coping negative using Households 4. Figure Figure 5. Households using negative coping by respondent status, May 2016 May status, respondent by coping negative using Households 5. Figure

friends, followed by relying on less expensive food, eating fewer meals and limiting portion sizes. sizes. portion limiting and meals fewer eating food, expensive less on relying by followed friends,

stable across recent rounds of data collection. The most common coping strategies used by IDPs and returnees are borrowing fo borrowing are returnees and IDPs by used strategies coping common most The collection. data of rounds recent across stable and relying on help from families and and families from help on relying and od

in tents or abandoned buildings on the outskirts where conditions are basic at best. IDPs are still worse off compared with r with compared off worse still are IDPs best. at basic are conditions where outskirts the on buildings abandoned or tents in dents, but their coping situation has been been has situation coping their but dents, esi

lives in destroyed towns (Figure 5). Most returnees are desperate to live in their towns again, but given the presence of IED of presence the given but again, towns their in live to desperate are returnees Most 5). (Figure towns destroyed in lives hey have no choice but to wait, sheltering sheltering wait, to but choice no have hey t s

Returnees are resorting to coping strategies more than IDPs and residents. This highlights the difficulties faced by returnee by faced difficulties the highlights This residents. and IDPs than more strategies coping to resorting are Returnees ho are struggling to rebuild their homes and and homes their rebuild to struggling are ho w s

IRAQ 2016 July - June – 19 Bulletin

Source: WFP mVAM, June 2016 2016 June mVAM, WFP Source:

governorate. the within integration

governorate average price. This highlights the very low market market low very the highlights This price. average governorate

Sharqat, wheat flour, rice, sugar and lentils are almost double the the double almost are lentils and sugar rice, flour, wheat Sharqat,

h lws o te oioe gvroae bt n eigd al besieged in but governorates monitored the of lowest the -

percent from May. Prices in Ninewa are still still are Ninewa in Prices May. from percent 5 up prices with June,

However in Diyala, the trend of increasing food prices continued in in continued prices food increasing of trend the Diyala, in However

minimum or zero change compared to May 2016 (Table 1). 1). (Table 2016 May to compared change zero or minimum

Din have seen seen have Din - al Salah and Anbar Kirkuk, Fallujah). excluding

May. Anbar still has the most expensive food basket (IQD987 (IQD987 basket food expensive most the has still Anbar May.

The cost of the standard food basket has remained stable from from stable remained has basket food standard the of cost The

FOOD PRICES STABLE D STABLE PRICES FOOD RAMADAN URING

basket food the of Cost 1. Table

2016 May mVAM, WFP Source: Source: WFP mVAM, May 2016 2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

Source: WFP mVAM, May 2016 2016 May mVAM, WFP Source:

2016 May income, of source First 7. Figure Figure 9. First source of food by respondent status, May 2016 May status, respondent by food of source First 9. Figure 2016 May status, respondent by income of source First 8. Figure

even more important source of food for households, increasing their dependency on price stability and market functioning to e to functioning market and stability price on dependency their increasing households, for food of source important more even re adequate food consumption. consumption. food adequate re nsu

they had not received assistance. Only a small proportion of interviewed IDPs reported assistance as their primary source of of source primary their as assistance reported IDPs interviewed of proportion small a Only assistance. received not had they d (Figure 9). The market has become an an become has market The 9). (Figure d foo

As in previous rounds, all resident households said they had not received any food or non or food any received not had they said households resident all rounds, previous in As nment. Among IDPs, 68 percent said said percent 68 IDPs, Among nment. gover the or NGOs from assistance food -

8). (Figure IDPs and returnees

eua wg i te an ore f noe o 5 pret f oshls floe b tmoay mlyet Fgr 7). (Figure employment temporary by followed households, of percent 55 for income of source main the is wage Regular Unemployment is more widespread among among widespread more is Unemployment

INCOME OF SOURCE IMPORTANT OST M THE IS LABOUR WAGE

IRAQ 2016 July - June – 19 Bulletin

Mariko Kawabata [email protected] Kawabata Mariko

Arif Husain [email protected] Husain Arif

[email protected] Haydock Sally

For further information please contact: please information further For

Financial support to mVAM provided by: provided mVAM to support Financial

were two or three months behind schedule. schedule. behind months three or two were

2016 April mVAM, WFP Source:

as sugar and vegetable oil have also been in short supply. PDS officials reported in June that deliveries deliveries that June in reported officials PDS supply. short in been also have oil vegetable and sugar as

purchases are made, PDS will provide under one third of rice requirements in 2016. Other PDS items such such items PDS Other 2016. in requirements rice of third one under provide will PDS made, are purchases

requirements in December 2015 but distribution fell to 1 percent in February 2016. Unless additional additional Unless 2016. February in percent 1 to fell distribution but 2015 December in requirements

In addition, PDS effectively ran out of rice at the end of 2015. Rice distribution was meeting 70 percent of of percent 70 meeting was distribution Rice 2015. of end the at rice of out ran effectively PDS addition, In

acceptable flour for bread for flour acceptable making. -

rcrmn eces 3 exceeds procurement mt, domestic wheat needs to be blended with imported wheat to yield yield to wheat imported with blended be to needs wheat domestic mt, million

satisfactory to PDS recipients. Even if the 2016 domestic wheat crop exceeds 4 million 4 exceeds crop wheat domestic 2016 the if Even recipients. PDS to satisfactory mt and domestic domestic and mt

dogged the distributions, as domestic, low domestic, as distributions, the dogged protein wheat from southern and central Iraq has not proved proved not has Iraq central and southern from wheat protein -

flour distribution in 2016 is reportedly providing 70 percent of requirements. However, quality issues have have issues quality However, requirements. of percent 70 providing reportedly is 2016 in distribution flour

Over the past two months, wheat flour is the only item that has been distributed regularly. PDS wheat wheat PDS regularly. distributed been has that item only the is flour wheat months, two past the Over

hotspots in June confirmed this trend, as even more households reported not receiving PDS in June. June. in PDS receiving not reported households more even as trend, this confirmed June in hotspots

ration and in most governorates, no respondents received a full ration in May. Data collected in conflict conflict in collected Data May. in ration full a received respondents no governorates, most in and ration

ebl ad uamnya Mp ) Ntoal, ut 1 just Nationally, 4). (Map Sulaymaniyya and Kerbala percent of households are receiving a full PDS PDS full a receiving are households of percent

reported a significant deterioration in PDS distributions. However, PDS access improved significantly in in significantly improved access PDS However, distributions. PDS in deterioration significant a reported

atclr rsodns n ai, aa, aha, arh Dyl, ou, aa al Salah Dohuk, Diyala, Basrah, Baghdad, , Babil, in respondents particular, Qar Qar - Thi and Din -

epnet si te dd o rcie D rtos n a cmae wt 49 with compared May in rations PDS receive not did they said respondents percent in February. In In February. in percent

May and June data indicate a deterioration in household access to PDS rations: 63 percent of all all of percent 63 rations: PDS to access household in deterioration a indicate data June and May

Map 4. Respondent households who did not received PDS in April 2016 2016 April in PDS received not did who households Respondent 4. Map

THE PUBLIC DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (PDS) (PDS) SYSTEM DISTRIBUTION PUBLIC THE TO ACCESS HOUSEHOLD

district.

belongings to buy food and they are receiving help from the most accessible areas of the the of areas accessible most the from help receiving are they and food buy to belongings

ble prices (Table 2). With no possibility of working, most households are selling their their selling are households most working, of possibility no With 2). (Table prices ble

the surroundings of Fallujah; this has brought vegetables to the shops but at inaccessi- at but shops the to vegetables brought has this Fallujah; of surroundings the

There is no fuel or oil in the city and people are using wood to cook. Farming started in in started Farming cook. to wood using are people and city the in oil or fuel no is There

growing on plots of land near their houses and they are helping each other with food. food. with other each helping are they and houses their near land of plots on growing

vailability of all food items in the market: people are eating vegetables that they are are they that vegetables eating are people market: the in items food all of vailability

wide are in contact with reliable sources in the city. The most reported fact is the una- the is fact reported most The city. the in sources reliable with contact in are wide

mation is available. However, through mVAM, WFP and its partner Islamic Relief World- Relief Islamic partner its and WFP mVAM, through However, available. is mation

As Fallujah has been under armed opposition group control for two years, little infor- little years, two for control group opposition armed under been has Fallujah As

Table 2. Average prices of basic food basket items in Fallujah, June 2016 June Fallujah, in items basket food basic of prices Average 2. Table

FALLUJAH IN AVAILABILITY FOOD

IRAQ 2016 July - June – 19 Bulletin