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Naturalis Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional De La Plata Facultad De Ciencias Naturales Y Museo Naturalis Repositorio Institucional Universidad Nacional de La Plata http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo Estructura y dinámica de las poblaciones acuáticas de Coleoptera (Insecta) en ambientes con hidroperíodos diferentes de Corrientes, Argentina Gómez Lutz, María Constanza Doctor en Ciencias Naturales Dirección: Kehr, Arturo I. Co-dirección: Fernández, Liliana Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo 2014 Acceso en: http://naturalis.fcnym.unlp.edu.ar/id/20150223001380 Esta obra está bajo una Licencia Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0 Internacional Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) TESIS DOCTORAL - Para optar por el Título de Doctor en Ciencias Naturales “Estructura y dinámica de las poblaciones acuáticas de Coleoptera (Insecta) en ambientes con hidroperíodos diferentes de Corrientes, Argentina” Lic. Ma. Constanza Gómez Lutz La Plata - Argentina - 2014 - UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PLATA FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS NATURALES Y MUSEO TESIS DOCTORAL “Estructura y dinámica de las poblaciones acuáticas de Coleoptera (Insecta) en ambientes con hidroperíodos diferentes de Corrientes, Argentina” Lic. María Constanza Gómez Lutz Director: Dr. Arturo I. Kehr Co-directora: Dra. Liliana A. Fernández 2014 TESIS DOCTORAL Para optar por el Título de Doctor en Ciencias Naturales de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo – Universidad Nacional de La Plata “Estructura y dinámica de las poblaciones acuáticas de Coleoptera (Insecta) en ambientes con hidroperíodos diferentes de Corrientes, Argentina” Lic. Gómez Lutz, María Constanza 2014 Hay un relato, quizás apócrifo, que cuenta que el distinguido biólogo inglés J. B. S. Haldane se encontraba en compañía de un grupo de teólogos. Al preguntársele a qué conclusión se podía llegar acerca de la naturaleza del Creador a partir del estudio de su creación se dice que Haldane contestó: «Una inmoderada afición por los escarabajos». G.E Hutchinson, 1959 CONTENIDOS Índice general ................................................................................................................... I Índice de figuras y tablas .............................................................................................. V Agradecimientos ........................................................................................................ VIII Resumen ......................................................................................................................... X Abstract ...................................................................................................................... XIII CAPÍTULO I. INTRODUCCIÓN GENERAL Marco teórico .................................................................................................................... 2 Los Humedales. Importancia y problemática, con énfasis en la Argentina .................. 2 Importancia del Orden Coleóptera (Insecta) en los sistemas acuáticos......................... 5 Los coleópteros acuáticos y sus implicancias como indicadores biológicos de los ecosistemas acuáticos. Importancia para su conservación ....................................... 6 Situación actual del estudio del Orden Coleoptera en la Argentina .............................. 7 Objetivos ........................................................................................................................... 8 Objetivo general ............................................................................................................ 8 Objetivos particulares .................................................................................................... 8 Material y Métodos. .......................................................................................................... 9 Área de estudio .............................................................................................................. 9 Sitios de estudio ........................................................................................................... 12 Ambientes permanentes ............................................................................................ 12 Ambientes temporarios ............................................................................................. 14 Diseño experimental y procedimiento analítico .......................................................... 18 Ambientes permanentes ............................................................................................ 18 Ambientes temporarios ............................................................................................. 20 Características fisicoquímicas y ambientales ................................................................. 20 Trabajo de laboratorio .................................................................................................... 22 Bibliografía ..................................................................................................................... 24 I CAPÍTULO II. COLEOPTEROS ACUÁTICOS: CARACTERÍSTICAS Y TAXONES REGISTRADOS Introducción .................................................................................................................... 32 Material y Métodos ......................................................................................................... 37 Resultados ....................................................................................................................... 37 Discusión ........................................................................................................................ 47 Familia Gyrinidae ........................................................................................................ 47 Familia Haliplidae ....................................................................................................... 48 Familia Noteridae ........................................................................................................ 48 Familia Dytiscidae ....................................................................................................... 50 Familia Dryopidae ....................................................................................................... 53 Familia Hydrochidae ................................................................................................... 53 Familia Hydrophilidae ................................................................................................. 54 Familia Limnichidae .................................................................................................... 56 Familia Epimetopidae .................................................................................................. 56 Bibliografía ..................................................................................................................... 57 CAPÍTULO III. DISPOSICIÓN ESPACIAL, VARIACIÓN TEMPORAL Y PREFERENCIA DE MICROHABITATS EN AMBIENTES PERMANENTES Introducción .................................................................................................................... 64 Material y Métodos ......................................................................................................... 66 Metodología estadística ............................................................................................... 66 Métodos utilizados en la disposición espacial .......................................................... 67 Preferencia y especificidad en la utilización de microhabitats ................................. 68 Resultados ....................................................................................................................... 69 Laguna Tendalero ........................................................................................................ 69 Abundancia y variación temporal ............................................................................. 69 Disposición espacial ................................................................................................. 70 Preferencia y especificidad de microhabitats ........................................................... 79 Laguna Don Luis ............................................................................................................ 82 Abundancia y variación temporal ............................................................................. 82 Disposición espacial ................................................................................................. 83 Preferencia y especificidad de microhabitats ........................................................... 87 II Discusión ........................................................................................................................ 87 Bibliografía ..................................................................................................................... 97 CAPÍTULO IV. ESTRUCTURA Y DINÁMICA DE LAS COMUNIDADES Introducción .................................................................................................................. 103 Material y Métodos ....................................................................................................... 106 Área de estudio ............................................................................................................. 106 Metodología estadística ............................................................................................. 106 Ambientes temporarios ........................................................................................... 106 Métodos para evaluar la
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