2018 ANNUAL REPORT WHAT IS INED? CONTENTS INED, THE DRIVING FORCE INED, THE DRIVING FORCE BEHIND POPULATION SCIENCE BEHIND POPULATION RESEARCH P. 3 SCIENCE RESEARCH CHAIR’S MESSAGE P. 4 DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE P. 5 Like the CNRS (France’s National KEY EVENTS OF 2018 P. 6 Centre for Scientific Research), INSERM RESEARCH IN 2018 P. 8 (National Institute of Health and Medical Research), INRA (National Institute FAMILY SEPARATED BY DISTANCE P. 10 for Agricultural Research) and the IRD FROM AGEING TO END OF LIFE P. 14 (Research Institute for Development), CORPORATE POLICIES AND DEMOGRAPHY P. 18 the French Institute for Demographic MIGRATION AND SEGREGATION P. 22 Studies, or INED, is a Public Scientific and Technical Research Establishment THE BENEFITS OF LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS P. 26 (EPST). Administratively attached to PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF both the research and social affairs KNOWLEDGE P. 30 ministries, INED fosters interdisciplinary PROMOTION AND DISSEMINATION OF RESEARCH IN FIGURES P. 32 collaboration, conducts numerous RESEARCH TRANSFER AND COOPERATION P. 34 European and international research INED’S SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS P. 38 projects, and develops partnerships with universities and research organizations in THE DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE DIGITAL AGE P. 42 France and abroad. A RICH AND VARIED CONFERENCE PROGRAMME P. 44 Analysis of demographic phenomena is THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES P. 46 dynamic and constantly being renewed: INED’S MISSIONS AND OBJECTIVES P. 48 new themes are studied, new sources RESEARCH UNITS P. 52 used, and new methods developed. PIONEERING METHODOLOGIES AND ACCESSIBLE DATA P. 56 INED’s work is recognized for the originality of its approach and fields of RESEARCH TRAINING THROUGH RESEARCH P. 60 research. Its multidisciplinary approach INED AND THE CAMPUS CONDORCET P. 62 is the key to a better understanding of PARTNERSHIPS AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS P. 64 populations and societies. INED’S SOCIETAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENT P. 70 With its 54 tenured researchers, 45 APPENDICES P. 72 associate researchers, approximately 40 doctoral students, and over 60 non- ORGANIZATION CHART P. 73 French researchers hosted annually, INED GOVERNANCE AND ORGANIZATION P. 74 is the largest European institute in the field INED IN FIGURES P. 76 and constitutes a massive potential for FOLLOW INED’S NEWS AND EVENTS P. 78 research in demography sciences. 3 MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR DIRECTOR’S MESSAGE

Jean-Richard Cytermann Magda Tomasini Chair of INED’s Board of Administration Director of the French Institute for Demographic Studies

INED is a research organization that abroad: this year, they have taught All this attests to the excellence of INED’s The sheer amount of scientific news Neighbours survey, the Trajectories School of Population Studies, developed is resolutely open to the international sociology courses at the University of research work and to its active role in from 2018 testifies to INED’s open and and Origins 2 survey, conducted in jointly by Paris 1 and INED, the only community. In 2018, we signed three Paris-Sorbonne in Abu Dhabi and led the international scientific community. collaborative approach to research. Six collaboration with INSEE and which network-based Graduate Research new framework agreements with the social science methodology seminars Its standing within which will be further new research areas were presented has received a statistical quality label, School (EUR) to receive funding, and the Hungarian Demographic Research in Kenya and at the Institut Pasteur in enhanced after it joins the Campus to INED’s Scientific Council, three and finally theEnd of Life in Overseas Convergences Institute for Migration, Institute, the Ouagadougou Population Madagascar. Meanwhile, as part of Condorcet in December 2019. research projects were selected for ANR France survey. A major effort to make launched in 2018, which aims to Science Institute in Burkina Faso, the iPOPs laboratory of excellence, (National Research Agency) funding, survey data available to the scientific integrate and organize research work and the French Polynesian Institute of Master’s students nearing the end of another was funded as part of the Open community has been made by the in the field of migration. Statistics. These partnerships boost their studies were hosted at INED to Research Area for the Social Sciences, Survey Department, and the Statistical The wealth and variety of INED’s research INED’s capabilities and formalize work on their dissertation and decide and INED researchers are involved in Methods Department has invested work, supported by its Scientific Council, commitments to collaborate on new on a thesis project. Around 20 foreign a project funded by the Swiss research heavily in the field of health data to with new Chair Laura Bernardi and Vice research, training, and scientific doctoral students also visited INED agency. Meanwhile, SIDACTION, the support research teams. Chair Patrick Gerland appointed in development projects. for periods of 2 weeks to 5 months, Public Rights Defender (Défenseur des INED also made a strong commitment 2018, is actively disseminated within to work on their research projects Droits), and the French Biomedicine to the structuring of research in 2018 the scientific community—123 articles Our culture of cooperation with the and make use of survey data, and Agency provided financial support through the Institute for Longevity, were published in indexed journals Global South countries, a long-standing 54 foreign researchers came to INED for Teewa2, a project on the future of Ageing, and the Situations of Older during the year—as well as to public priority of the Institute, has again this during the year. adolescents born with HIV in Thailand, Persons (ILVV), in partnership with decision-makers and the general public, year resulted in new collaborative and Cap AMP, on people using assisted organizations including Paris-Dauphine, via the Population & Societies bulletin, projects and knowledge transfer The Institute’s international focus is reproduction technologies abroad. CNAV (National Pension Fund), which celebrated its 50th anniversary through the DEMOSTAF network, reflected in the number of research 2018 also saw INED’s continued CNSA (Independent-Living Support in 2018, and via the media and social whose objectives include promoting projects submitted for European and dedication to the construction of high- Fund), EPHE (École Pratique des networks. Campus Condorcet, where research on population issues in sub- international calls for project proposals quality research infrastructures, with the Hautes Études), DREES (Directorate INED will move at the end of December Saharan Africa. and in the number of papers by INED VIRAGE in Overseas France survey on of Research, Studies, Evaluation, and 2019, will provide a sounding board researchers presented at the most violence and gender relations in France’s Statistics), INSERM, and CNRS. It is also for the dissemination of INED’s work in The expertise of INED researchers important demographic conferences overseas departments (départements) involved in the Investments for the Future France and abroad. and engineers is often sought after and symposia in the world. and the My Neighbourhood, My programme, with the REDPOP Graduate 4 5 KEY EVENTS OF 2018

JANUARY FEBRUARY MARCH APRIL MAY JUNE JULY AUGUST SEPTEMBER OCTOBER NOVEMBER DECEMBER

31 JANUARY 27 FEBRUARY 15 MARCH 9 APRIL 31 MAY 6-9 JUNE 27 JULY 28 AUGUST 11 SEPT. 9 OCTOBER 26 NOV. 4 DEC.

Workshop on Publication 50th anniversary Henri Leridon 10th anniversary More than INED is Launch of Research day Publication of Signature of Creation of longevity jointly of the book of the journal is appointed of the Applied 30 researchers represented the REDPOP on the ELFE the book Le partnership agree- the Institute organized La famille à Population and Scientific Integrity Statistics Group from INED on the French Graduate cohort monde privé ment between for Longevity, by INED and distance Societies Adviser for INED. present their Research Stand Research School des femmes INED and the Ageing, and the National research work at ESOF in (EUR) Hungarian the Situations Institute of at the European Toulouse Demographic of Older Population and Population Research Institute Persons (ILVV), Social Security Conference in in partnership

Research in 5 years Brussels with CNAV, Tokyo, Japan 28-31 AUGUST CNRS, CNSA, DREES, EPHE, INED, INSERM, 28 FEBRUARY 27 MARCH 23 APRIL 20th interna- 22-23 OCT. 28 NOV. Paris-Dauphine tional AIDELF University, and conference in the University of The Young Author Publication of The first stone Louvain-la-Neuve International Establishment Lorraine Prize of the jour- the book Les is laid for conference of INED’s nal Population déracinés de the Campus (AFD, CNES, new Scientific is awarded to Cherchell Condorcet INED, MNHN): Council under Marine Haddad Migration, Laura Bernardi I N environment E D (chair) and and climate: Population Patrick Gerland Quarterly Journal 2010 • January-March Volume 65 • Number 1 What risk (vice chair) DÉBAT SUR L’AVENIR DE LA DISCIPLINE D. TABUTIN • Vers quelle(s) démographie(s) ? Atouts, faiblesses et évolutions de la discipline depuis 50 ans P O POPULATION inequalities? G. CASELLI, V. EGIDI • Nécessité d’une approche multidisciplinaire P

D. COURGEAU, R. FRANCK • La démographie, science constituée ou U

L English Edition en voie de constitution ? Esquisse d’un programme J. HOBCRAFT • Pour améliorer notre compréhension A des comportements démographiques T I J. HOEM • La démographie, aujourd’hui et demain ON  N C. ROSSIER, C. PIRUS • Évolution du nombre d’interruptions de grossesse o en France entre 1976 et 2002 . Z. ZHAO • Les tables types de mortalité des Nations unies de 1982 : 1 réflexion sur leur application aux pays en développement 2018  Volume 73 MESURE DE LA MOBILITÉ ET DE LA MULTIRÉSIDENCE N u m ber 3 À PARTIR DES RECENSEMENTS NOTES DE RECHERCHE 6 J.-L. PAN KÉ SHON • Le recensement rénové français et l’étude des mobilités 7 B. BACCAÏNI • Les flux migratoires interrégionaux en France depuis cinquante ans J. A. MÓDENES CABRERIZO, J. LÓPEZ COLÁS • La résidence secondaire en Espagne : profils sociodémographiques et territoriaux  BIBLIOGRAPHIE CRITIQUE Éducation, travail et décisions des ménages 2

Le Traité Démographie : analyse et synthèse 0 1 0 France: 20,00 € • Abroad: 22,00 €  P u b lished b y I n s t itu t nation al d ’ études dém ograph i ques  RESEARCH IN 2018

Scientific activity at INED is structured around five lines of action that determine its research priorities: renewing analysis of demographic phenomena, attaining better understanding of individual life trajectories, studying interactions between actors and public policies, developing studies on population movement, and renewing methods and approaches.

FAMILY SEPARATED BY DISTANCE P. 10 FROM AGEING TO END OF LIFE P. 14 CORPORATE POLICIES AND DEMOGRAPHY P. 18 MIGRATION AND SEGREGATION P. 22 THE BENEFITS OF LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS P. 26 8 9 RENEWING ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC PHENOMENA RESEARCH IN 2018 FAMILIES SEPARATED BY DISTANCE

The analysis of demographic phenomena, such as fertility, mortality, migration, and demographic structures, is one of INED’s core missions. The Institute’s work helps us understand how they evolve over time and differ over space, as well as the societal issues they raise.

The study of demographic change and trends Families between here and there The light recently shed on the existence of these Main research findings for 2018 families, non-cohabiting couples, couples living Non-cohabiting unions in France and Italy provides precious information for public decision- transnational families raises questions about how together part-time for professional or personal In Italy and France, the proportion of individuals in makers by explaining social transformations. Family structures are constantly evolving. Today, they function and the effects of separation on the The functioning of families reasons, etc. a non-cohabiting couple among 18–79 year olds In addition to providing specific insight based the term family extends beyond the household to future of the migrants, their remaining spouses, and beyond the household and co-residence The results of their research show that families split is virtually identical, but it is much higher in Italy on analysis of long series charting changes include a group whose various members do not their children. They highlight the social challenges Multiresidence or living under several different between mainland and overseas territories operate among young adults aged 25–29: 48% versus in phenomena over time and on international necessarily, and do not always, reside under the of family configurations, such as situations in which roofs, migrants maintaining links with their family in a similar way to transnational families, that family 13% in France. comparisons, it also enables the analysis of same roof. It covers a territory with varied contours, second-generation children born in Europe or the of origin, relationships with elderly parents, non- networks in Bogota are reconfigured in ways and Based on the French version of the Generations new scientific categories. As such, the Institute where notions of distance and space can take United States are sent home by their parents to be cohabiting partnerships, teleworking, and migration at times related to the city’s urban development, that and Gender Survey (Étude des Relations Familiales is committed to building a demography of LGBT different forms depending on whether the blended raised by other family members. for professional reasons are all manifestations of a when the family space is structured by the professional et Intergénérationnelles, ERFI, INED–INSEE, populations, acquiring more in-depth knowledge families operate with several households, whether INED’s work aims to understand how distance, family functioning when separated by distance. occupation, the distance affects its functioning, and 2005) conducted in France among 10,079 of gender violence, developing a demographic the family occupies several residences, whether proximity, and administrative and international What impact do these different situations have on that immigrant women find themselves alone between individuals, and on the Family and Social Subjects approach to environmental issues, and collecting couples are non-cohabiting or live together part- borders influence the specific dynamics of family family organization? How do family ties change two countries when they retire. survey (Famiglia e Soggetti Sociali, ISTAT, 2009) better information on overseas France. time for professional or personal reasons, whether relationships. By studying the geographical when family members are geographically dispersed? conducted in Italy among 24,000 households, Far from being immobile, analysis of demographic some members of a family choose to migrate, dispersion of individuals and their choices of This collective work aims to analyse the effects Christophe Imbert, Éva Lelièvre, David Lessault (eds.), researchers identified different patterns of non- phenomena is constantly being renewed through or whether so-called transnational families, i.e. location, it reveals complex decision-making of distance on family functioning by looking at 2018, La famille à distance. Mobilités, territoires et liens cohabitation between the two countries. new topic areas, new sources, and new methods, families living on either side of borders, maintain processes, centred on the proximity or accessibility the various spatial configurations of families. familiaux, Paris, INED, coll. Questions de populations, Young adults are more likely to live with their ensuring that analysis is always in touch with links with their country of origin. of the family network, and reports on how a family The authors—demographers, ethnologists, 376 pages. parents in Italy than in France, due to difficulties major social issues. The work carried out on functions when separated by distance. geographers, and sociologists—have studied finding employment, more complex access to family reconfigurations provides some particularly various family situations across Europe, Africa, residential independence, and the importance of interesting insights.. and Latin America: blended families, transnational marriage as a model, which makes it more difficult 10 11 RENEWING ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC PHENOMENA RESEARCH IN 2018

to settle down as a couple without being married. while receiving remittances decreases it. However, In France, 37% of individuals who do not reside these effects are significant only for unpaid family FURTHER READING with their partner say it is by “choice”, compared to work, that is, a category of work unlikely to lead 27% in Italy. Unlike Italy, this choice is cited more to any form of economic empowerment. Although frequently in France with age: 26% of 18–24 year previous studies have sometimes hypothesized that • Cris Beauchemin, Hugues Lagrange, olds compared to 57% of 50–54 year olds and 67% emigration could drive a positive development for Mirna Safi, 2018, “Transnational links and of 70–74 year olds. In France, this choice is often women in Morocco, the quantitative and fieldwork integration: Between here and there” in justified by the desire to “maintain independence” findings suggest that, while paid work remains Cris Beauchemin, Christelle Hamel, Patrick INTERVIEW (19% compared to 10% in Italy), while Italians are a route to female empowerment, predominantly Simon (eds.), Trajectories and Origins: more likely to cite financial “constraints”. male emigration is unlikely to play a positive Survey on the Diversity of the French Cris Beauchemin, role in supporting women’s access to income- Population, Cham, Springer, coll. INED Research Director Arnaud Régnier-Loilier, Daniele Vignoli, 2018, “The generating activities in a society characterized Population Studies, pp. 331–357. diverse nature of living apart together relationships: An by strong patriarchal gender norms and poor job This analysis highlighted the fact that family While social networks and family situation Italy–France comparison”, • Anne Lambert, Pascale Dietrich-Ragon, Journal of Population opportunities. and social environment is significant in the are clearly key factors behind the various , 35(1), pp. 1–22. Catherine Bonvalet (eds.), 2018, Le monde Research organization of international migration. The forms of mobility, this mobility also affects privé des femmes. Genre et habitat dans Audrey Lenoël, Anda David, 2019, “Leaving work - What role does the family network play in emergent migration of single women from migrants’ family life. Family reunification in Does the emigration of a family member la société française, Paris, INED, coll. behind? The impact of emigration on female labour migration flows? Congo is dependent on the pre-existence Europe is not the most frequent situation for encourage female labour force participation in force participation in Morocco”, I Questions de populations, 310 pages. nternational Migration Based on the Migrations Between Africa and of social networks in destination countries. African migrants. The separation of spouses Morocco? , 53(1), pp. 122–153. Review Europe Survey (Migrations entre l’Afrique Social networks are also a key determinant of due to the migration of one spouse is often • Cris Beauchemin (ed.), 2018, Migration Based on an approach using both the 2006–2007 et l’Europe, MAFE), we systematically intra-European mobility for African migrants: a long-lasting situation. And reunification between Africa and Europe, Cham, Springer survey on household living standards in Morocco compared three flows of migrants from the having relatives or friends in a country other frequently occurs in the country of origin International Publishing, 454 pages. and qualitative interviews, this article examines Democratic Republic of Congo, Ghana, and than the destination country is a factor when the migrant returns. In fact, family the distinct roles that international migration Senegal to six European countries—Belgium, associated with onward mobility among reunification in Europe is selective: it occurs and remittances play in female labour force France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, and Senegalese arriving in Spain, France, or in couples who, due to their socioeconomic participation in Morocco and their impact in terms the UK—and gained a new view on the Italy. The absence of a spouse or children characteristics, are likely to integrate quickly of women’s empowerment. Having an emigrant patterns, determinants, and family and in Europe is a determining factor in return into European societies. among household members increases the female economic effects of migration. migration to the country of origin. labour force participation for a given household, 12 13 ATTAINING BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF INDIVIDUAL LIFE TRAJECTORIES AND LIFE CYCLE STAGES RESEARCH IN 2018 FROM AGEING TO END OF LIFE

The research conducted at INED focuses on all stages of the life cycle, particularly through the study of individual trajectories. These studies also take into account the broader environment in which individuals develop.

Life event history analysis, from childhood to old Ageing and end of life: determinants of these? What role(s) can public or older—the aim of which is to build a reliable their position within family generations. Caring Ageing, disability, and poverty in Europe: age, encompassing the contexts (family, social, policies play in this area? The family and friends database on the ages at death of these individuals. for others is a much more demanding burden for gender differences economic, and political) in which lives unfold, at the heart of INED’s research of individuals in situations of loss of autonomy are INED’s research also contributes to public debate women and can affect their health. Personal health is an area in which INED’s expertise is widely often mobilized to provide assistance (services and on end-of-life issues. problems are more frequent among “popular” Poverty is a major European social issue, especially recognized. As life expectancy increases, the With the ageing of the baby boom generations care, financial assistance, psychological support, classes, contributing to a more problematic for women, who are more exposed to it than specific issues raised by population ageing are and gains in life expectancy, the number of older etc.). How do these configurations of assistance Main research findings for 2018 perception of age. Differences between women men. The causes and consequences of economic the subject of increasingly extensive research. persons is increasing. Longer lives trace new affect intergenerational relationships? And how and men are also due to effort that women, hardship often interact. This is the case with poor In addition to considering ageing at population trajectories that require new research, including do the life courses of older persons and those of Experiences of ageing at around age 60 in regardless of their social background, put into health: it can result from a lack of resources and, level, ageing is also interpreted at individual level, on matrimonial behaviour around retirement or their potential carers interact? The links between France. From gender to social background their appearance to resist the social devaluation in turn, generate situations of poverty. However, by examining its specific consequences on the at older ages, on the effect of life courses on migration trajectories and mortality are also that threatens them, more than men, who focus European women are also generally more at risk of lives of older people and their family and friends retirees’ incomes, and on economic inequalities, investigated: is mortality among immigrants the How do you live and perceive your age when on maintaining a certain level of physical fitness. poor health and disability than men. Are women’s (health, family and social relations, standard of particularly between men and women, within this same as among people born in France? you reach 60? How similar are the experiences Far from the stereotypical image of active ageing, disadvantages in terms of disability and poverty living, residential arrangements, etc.). INED’s population. The health status of older people is INED’s work also looks at survival to very old age of women and men? In general, the interviews attitudes towards initial ageing are diverse. This related? Of the 30 European countries studied work addresses these questions and attempts to also a very important field of study, as advances and the mortality curve beyond the age of 100: at with 24 women and men aged 55 to 69 indicate stage of life is accompanied by more pressure using EU–SILC* data, a disability disadvantage provide answers from a multidisciplinary and in life expectancy do not necessarily go hand these ages, how do the risks of death evolve? Given that respondents do not identify with their age, do among the “popular” classes and women. was identified in 19 countries for women aged 50 often international perspective. in hand with an increase in years lived in the fluctuations associated with the small numbers of not perceive themselves as old, and feel younger to 80. In 11 of these countries, women’s excess good health or without disability. What are the subjects involved, the shape of this curve is uncertain. than their parents at the same age. However, Michel Bozon, Joëlle Gaymu, Éva Lelièvre, 2018, disability was significantly associated with their disparities in healthy life expectancy within the There are also uncertainties over the recorded ages becoming a grandparent, the loss of their parents, “L’expérience du vieillissement autour de la excess poverty. This correlation exists in countries population, especially between men and women at death. INED is part of an international research or managing their end-of-life care are thresholds soixantaine en France. Âge subjectif et genre”, where poverty levels may be relatively low. This or between social categories? What are the network on supercentenarians—people aged 110 they cross at this time and which remind them of Ethnologie française, 171(3), pp. 401–412. double disadvantage for women in relation to 14 15 ATTAINING BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF INDIVIDUAL LIFE TRAJECTORIES AND LIFE CYCLE STAGES RESEARCH IN 2018 INTERVIEW FURTHER READING

Isabelle Séguy • Matthew Wallace, Hill Kulu, 2018, “Can the Researcher salmon bias effect explain the migrant mortality advantage in England and Wales?”, Population, - How has perinatal death been considered Space and Place, 24(8), e2146. through history in France? • Cristina Giudici, Silvia Polettini, Alessandra Rose, Perinatal death, the death of babies before or just Nicolas Brouard, 2019, “Which aspects of poverty and disability deserves particular attention of a mortality advantage reaching its maximum Returning to your village to die surrounded after birth, has always been a concern for families, elderly living conditions are important to predict in the fight against inequalities and the promotion amplitude at around 45 years of age, and by loved ones or leaving your village to get but its perception is closely linked to society’s mortality? The complex role of family ties at home of healthy ageing. finally a gradual convergence at older ages. treatment in the city? A study on the place of perception of life and death. It has therefore varied and in institutions”, Social Indicators Research: This analysis looks beyond the average mortality death of adults at the end of their lives, living over time. An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for * In the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions, gap between immigrants and native-born citizens in urban and rural areas in West Africa In Roman times, life and death were quite distinct, Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, 142(3), disability is measured using the Global Activity Limitation Indicator, and to reveal significant variation in mortality ratios and only a live birth conferred rights. Christianity pp. 1255–1283. poverty using questions on perception of economic hardship reported by according to age. The pattern of variation suggests Data from three health and demographic introduced new notions, such as life after • Adrien Remund, Carlo-Giovanni Camarda, Timothy survey respondents. that the mortality advantage is mainly due to the surveillance systems located in urban, semi-rural, death—an eternal afterlife—and life even before Riffe, 2018, “A cause-of-death decomposition health selection of immigrants upon entry into the and rural areas of Burkina Faso and Senegal were birth, recognizing the life of the fetus. Gradually of young adult excess mortality”, Demography, Emmanuelle Cambois, Aïda Solé-Auro, Jean-Marie host country. These results support the idea that used to measure the mobility of adults over 15 years accepted by societies, these concepts were a 55(3), pp. 957–978. Robine, 2018, “Gender differences in disability and immigrants represent a selected population with of age in the 6 months preceding their death. At source of anxiety for families. To enable the most economic hardship in older Europeans”, European more favourable mortality profiles than could be the end of life, for many villagers as well as urban • Catherine Bonvalet, Céline Clément, 2018, “Les vulnerable newborns to enter Paradise, baptism Journal of Population, pp. 1–17. predicted on the basis of their living conditions in migrants, access to medical care and support baby-boomers : une génération spécifique ?” in would no longer occur in adulthood, but earlier host countries alone. from their family and friends are not available in Sylvie Carbonnelle, Dominique Joly (eds.), Vieillir and earlier, until soon after birth. Studying perinatal the same location. As a result, and for various aujourd’hui. Des mo(n)des recomposés ? Louvain- death through history remains difficult, with few Age variations in the migrant mortality Michel Guillot, Myriam Khlat, Irma Elo, Matthieu reasons—for some, hope of recovery, for others, la-Neuve, Academia-L’Harmattan, Intellection 31, written sources before the 17th century. For earlier advantage: an international perspective Solignac, Matthew Wallace, 2018, “Understanding loss of any hope of recovery—these people may periods, we also rely on iconographic sources and pp. 93–109. age variations in the migrant mortality advantage: An decide to move, and some will die away from their Bruno Lankoande, Géraldine Duthé, Abdramane Soura, archaeological discoveries. • Rémi Gallou, 2018, “Vieillir en immigration : In countries with high immigration, estimates of international comparative perspective”, PLoS One, usual residence: villagers may leave their homes Gilles Pison, 2018, “Returning home to die or leaving les femmes face au départ de leurs enfants” in immigrant mortality are lower than those of native- 13(6). to seek care in the city, while urban residents born home to seek health care? Location of death of urban Christophe Imbert, Éva Lelièvre, David Lessault born individuals. This “mortality advantage” has in a rural location return to their home villages to and rural residents in Burkina Faso and Senegal”, Catherine Rollet, Gaëlle Clavandier, Nathalie Sage (eds.), La famille à distance : mobilités, territoires been the subject of various explanatory hypotheses die. The analysis of the data sheds light on the Global Health Action, 11(1), pp. 1–10. Pranchère, Philippe Charrier, Vincent Gourdon (eds.), et liens familiaux, Paris, INED, coll. Questions de in the literature, and analysis of variations by age needs of ill and dying people in West Africa and 2018, Morts avant de naître. La mort périnatale, Tours, populations, pp. 329–356. may provide evidence to support some of them. on their coping strategies according to their place Presses universitaires François Rabelais, coll. Perspectives • Quitterie Roquebert, Roméo Fontaine, Agnès The study of data from France, the United States, of residence. historiques, 437 pages. and the United Kingdom for the period around Gramain, 2018, “Caring for a dependent elderly 2010 shows a U-shaped curve, with excess parent: Care arrangements and sibling interactions mortality at younger ages, then the appearance in France”, Population, English Edition, 73(2), pp. 307–332. 16 17 19 PRIVATE ACTORS AND PUBLIC POLICIES RESEARCH IN 2018 CORPORATE POLICIES AND DEMOGRAPHY

According to the decree that sets out its missions, INED “develops the ability to provide expertise and support for public policymaking”. As such, it is involved in the evaluation of public policies, directly or indirectly. First, knowledge of the changing demographic situation enables public policies to be adapted. Second, the work of demographers allows us to judge the efficacy of intervention mechanisms, both private and public, and to assess whether they are achieving their objectives.

The impacts of public policies are analysed be identified in the work environment, and what researchers are therefore exploring the links support of the Public Rights Defender, to analyse the in family-friendly jobs, the results revealed that the through long-term observations, intercountry actions can be taken to eliminate such behaviours? between public policies (whether family, social approach to racism and racial discrimination within Anaïs Coulon, Dorothée Prud’homme, Patrick Simon, provision of cash or in-kind benefits is associated comparisons, or the use of econometric evaluation Equal pay and, more broadly, gender equality or employment-related), corporate policies, and organizations and to understand how cases that 2018, Le racisme et la discrimination raciale au with higher wages for women. As such, these tools. The demographic prism is useful at multiple at work are the subject of specific provisions in professional careers, with a particular focus on emerge internally are handled. This survey revealed travail, Paris, Association française des managers de la employee benefits help to reduce the gender levels—national, local, and corporate—and the French Labour Code. Nevertheless, significant health issues and gender differences, based on the invisibility of racism and racial discrimination in diversité, 148 pages. wage gap by alleviating the conflict between across various fields, providing a cross-sectional career inequalities persist between the sexes and origin and between generations, at various stages the workplace and their paradoxical absence from work and family, increasing job satisfaction and perspective on any given topic. In terms of may even have been aggravated by the financial of the career trajectory. the “diversity” policies of large companies. Does work–life balance productivity, and helping to keep mothers in full- corporate policies, it is important to be able to crisis of 2008. What measures can be taken to It revealed that racial discrimination takes place come at a cost to employees? time employment after childbirth. study systems that support employment assistance, reduce inequalities in pay and career progression Main research findings for 2018 continuously within companies, from recruitment Flexible working arrangements also improve the gender equality at work, work–life balance, and between men and women with equal skills? How to career management and from labour relations Since the 2000s, policymakers have been balance between work and family life but do not non-discrimination. do public policies influence corporate strategies in Racism and racial discrimination at work to customer interactions, and that the employees encouraging European employers to implement have a positive effect on wages, perhaps because these areas? who experience it rarely obtain recognition for the policies to improve work–life balance. they are perceived as a sign of low commitment Analysing the impact of Demographic research seeks to identify the What happens when an employee is a victim harm they have suffered, let alone compensation. The authors of this article assessed the effects on to work, especially in France where long working causes of these phenomena. It often highlights the of racism or racial discrimination? How are The survey also showed that the very concept of pay of two key policies: cash or in-kind benefits hours are valued. public policies on employees’ lives disruption associated with demographic events, complaints handled in the workplace? racism is handled awkwardly within companies, for childcare and flexible working hours. They particularly the birth of children in the case of gender Between October 2017 and March 2018, a particularly by those in charge of preventive and used data from the Families and Employers Survey Ariane Pailhé, Anne Solaz, 2018, “Is there a Wage While manifestations of racism or sexism are inequalities. This disruption can be mitigated by the field survey was conducted among five employers follow-up actions. Based on these findings, the conducted by INED in 2005, the only data Cost for Employees in Family-friendly Workplaces? The sometimes very explicit, taking the form of insults or implementation of public policies or appropriate belonging to the French Association of Diversity authors have proposed courses of action and available on the subject to date. Effect of Different Employer Policies”, Gender, Work & clear harassment, they can also take more subtle initiatives, provided that the mechanisms behind Management Professionals (Association française recommendations to improve the fight against While the gender wage gap is often explained Organization, 26(5), pp. 688–721. forms that are difficult to qualify. How can they career deviations are properly understood. INED’s des managers de la diversité, AFMD), with the racism and discrimination in the workplace. by women’s preference for and over-representation 18 19 PRIVATE ACTORS AND PUBLIC POLICIES RESEARCH IN 2018

Do flexible work policies need to consider stronger incentives if they are to FURTHER READING improve the health of parents? have an impact on the adoption of these working • Anne Lambert, 2018, “Les incidences patterns and on the well-being of families. biographiques du travail mobile. What kind of public policies to promote work–life Configurations familiales et rapports de balance can have an impact on family well-being? Mauricio Avendano, Lidia Panico, 2018, “Do flexible genre”, L’Année sociologique, 68(2), The researchers studied 6,424 mothers in the British work policies improve parents’ health? A natural pp. 315–340. Millennium cohort employed in 2001–2002, from experiment based on the UK Millennium Cohort • Karine Chevreul, Coralie Gandré, Jeanne when their child was 9 months old until their seventh Study”, Journal of Epidemiology and Community Gervaix, Julien Thillard, Corinne Alberti- INTERVIEW birthday, to examine whether a law introduced in Health, 72(3), pp. 244–251. Boulmé, Dominique Meurs, 2018, “Gender 2003 giving parents the right to request flexible and access to professorships in academic Carole Bonnet, Research Director working arrangements (but not the right to flexible medical settings in France”, Medical sexes. We have focused on pension inequalities than for men. But this contribution to disparity work) affects their well-being. Several modes of Dominique Meurs, Associate Researcher Education, 52(10), pp. 1073–1082. in women and men because, until now, they reduction is ultimately quite limited in the private flexible working were included (part-time, remote , Associate Researcher • Carole Bonnet, Bruno Jeandidier, Anne Solaz, Benoît Rapoport have received less attention than average pension sector compared to the public sector. Finally, we find working, timetable management, shorter working 2018, “Wage premium and wage penalty gaps. Our data were sourced from the Échantillon that survivors’ pensions actually compound pension hours, etc.). The employer had the right to refuse in marriage versus cohabitation”, Revue Interrégime des Retraites (EIR 2008), an all-scheme inequalities among women, whereas the opposite this request, giving written reasons for the refusal, - How wide is the pension gap between d’économie politique, 128(5), LXVIe Congrès pension sample. Curiously, within the same scheme, was expected. We thought that survivors’ pensions and no financial compensation for either parents or men and women? Where do the Annuel de l’Association française de science levels of pension distribution, measured by the Gini would have reduced inequalities by allowing employers was provided. inequalities within each group come from? économique, pp. 745–775. index, are very similar for women and men—and widows with small pensions (because they have not Using difference-in-differences methods, the • Dominique Meurs, 2018, “Employment much higher in the private sector than in the public accumulated many entitlements) to be compensated researchers found that the use of flexible working In France, women’s average pensions are slightly and wages of immigrants and descendants sector—while the determinants of these inequalities by their spouses’ incomes. But the effect of social arrangements had increased only slightly among over half those of men in the private sector, mainly of immigrants: Measures of inequality vary greatly between the sexes. For men, pension homogamy has the opposite effect and prevails: the mothers and not at all among the fathers, due to shorter careers and lower-paying jobs. In and perceived discrimination” in Cris inequalities are mainly due to differences in the pensioners with a high direct pension are often in a preventing any further analysis of the situation the civil service, the pension gap between women Beauchemin, Christelle Hamel, Patrick Simon reference salary. In women, they derive from relationship with a pensioner also at the top of the among the latter. Among the mothers, the 2003 and men is much narrower, around 20%: women’s (eds.), Trajectories and Origins: Survey on variations in both reference salaries and contribution distribution curve, and when they become widows, law had no impact on self-reported health, careers are less interrupted than in the private sector, the Diversity of the French Population, Cham, periods. As expected, the minimum pension scheme they benefit from a high survivor’s pension. chronic diseases, or life satisfaction. These results and wage gaps are less pronounced between the Springer, coll. INED Population Studies, reduces pension inequalities, more so for women suggest that policies promoting work–life balance pp. 79–106. 20 21 POPULATION MOBILITY RESEARCH IN 2018 MIGRATION AND SEGREGATION

The study of migratory movements, which is regularly at the heart of social debate, forms the subject of various research projects and surveys specific to INED. Whether we are looking at international or internal mobility, the analysis of geographical trajectories provides us with a better understanding of the modalities, determinants, effects, and challenges of migration, at individual, family, and collective levels.

Due to the growing concerns surrounding that may be established between places of services, and, more broadly, participation in to housing, good quality education, and even (e.g. level of education) more significant than discrimination, structural crisis of the housing migration issues, INED’s research work focuses origin and arrival, and to study the effects of society. What are the settlement processes? Do employment—are examined. By observing these, the structural characteristics of the host country market, etc.) than to the individual characteristics on analysing migration, integration, and anti- migration. they vary depending on the immigrants’ origins? we can measure the “neighbourhood effects” (integration policies and economic context)? of the newcomers. High unemployment rates and discrimination policies. This work provides Are there segregation phenomena at play, and on identity formation, the formation of couples, Using the ANRS PARCOURS survey, a life event difficulties obtaining a residence permit slow elements of social context that help us to Integration of migrants what consequences do they have on individual social and intergenerational mobility, and even history survey conducted in 2012–2013 among down the settlement process irrespective of origin, understand migrants’ trajectories, in terms of and collective trajectories? the experience of discrimination. 513 sub-Saharan immigrants who arrived in educational level, and migration conditions. both their migration and their integration. It also and segregation phenomena To shed light on current debates on the difficulties France between 1972 and 2011, detailed enables us to describe policies, analyse the faced by the descendants of African immigrants, Main research findings for 2018 information was collected on their trajectories Anne Gosselin, Annabel Desgrées du Loû, Éva Lelièvre, social context in which they were created, and Migration has contributed to a profound INED’s research focuses on the integration in their home country and in France regarding France Lert, Rosemary Dray-Spira, Nathalie Lydié, assess their effects both in terms of achieving the transformation of French society since the processes of European and non-European education, work, family, relationships, legal PARCOURS Study Group, 2018, “Understanding stated objectives and in terms of living conditions second half of the 19th century, a society that immigrants who arrived in France between 1946 Do pre-migratory characteristics affect the status, health, etc. Analysis of these data revealed settlement pathways of African Immigrants in France for the people concerned. The core idea of the has integrated these newcomers and their and 1975. Researchers are looking not only at settlement process of sub-Saharan Africans in that 6–7 years after their arrival in France, half of through a capability approach: Do pre-migratory approach is to question the relationship between descendants in a variety of ways over time and their experiences in the destination country but also France? them had still not acquired, simultaneously, the characteristics matter?”, European Journal of policy measures and statistical measures. according to their country of origin. European in their country of origin, and they are interested three basic resources: a residence permit valid Population, 34(5), pp. 849–871. While studies on international migration focus and non-European migrants, graduates and those in any discrimination faced, the social mobility Since 2015, understanding how immigrants settle for at least 1 year, a personal dwelling, and largely on destination countries, INED’s scientific with little formal education, those benefiting from of these population groups, and the dynamics of in a new country has been at the heart of social paid work. After 11 to 12 years, a quarter of approach is characterized by its consideration of resources (financial, family, or social) and those integration. They are also analysing segregation and political debate in Europe. How long does them still did not have them. This long period both emigration and immigration societies. This without such resources... Social hierarchies have phenomena to comprehend the underlying it take them to get housing, a residence permit, of lack of security following arrival in France is approach enables us to study the selectivity of emerged within the integration process, influencing mechanisms. As such, spatial and residential and paid work, for example? In the acquisition due more to host society factors (length of the migration, to account for the social relationships access to education, employment, housing, segregation—and their consequences on access of these, are the individual’s characteristics regularization process, segmented labour market, 22 23 POPULATION MOBILITY RESEARCH IN 2018 FURTHER READING

• Patrick Simon, 2018, “Le tigre de papier com- munautaire” in Mohammed Marwan, Julien Talpin (eds.), Communautarisme ?, Paris, La vie des idées, Puf, pp. 41–54.

• Haley McAvay, 2018, “The ethnoracial context of residential mobility in France: Neighbourhood out-migration and relocation”, Population, Space and Place, 24(6), e2138. The durability of spatial segregation: to live close to others of the same origin, the in 2012. These so-called enclaves have also the issue of intergenerational mobility in France discrimination operating in both public and changed: whereas, in 1982, the proportion of • Alain Blum, Emilia Koustova 2018, “A Soviet story: private housing markets, and the concentration of recent immigrants was high and public housing Mass deportation, isolation, return” in Violeta Does spatial segregation among second- immigrants in public housing projects. minimal, by 2012 these neighbourhoods were Davoliuté, Tomas Balkelis (eds.), Narratives of generation immigrants continue during childhood characterized by a high rate of public housing Exile and Identity: Soviet Deportation Memoirs and adulthood? What are the individual and Haley McAvay, 2018, “How durable are ethnoracial residency, a high level of unemployment, and a from the Baltic States, Budapest, European contextual determinants of this? By studying segregation and spatial disadvantage? relatively low proportion of recent immigrants. INTERVIEW University Press, pp. 19–40. municipalities (communes) with more than Intergenerational contextual mobility in France”, The results also show that the proportion of non- 10,000 inhabitants and using longitudinal Demography, 55(3), pp. 1507–1545. European households in public housing projects is Mathieu Ichou • Guy Brunet, Kamel Kateb, 2018, “Les Espagnols e data (1990–2008) from INSEE, the researcher increasing twice as fast as in the population of the Researcher dans la région d’Oran au milieu du XIX siècle. analysed the residential trajectories of French metropolitan area as a whole. Mariage, comportements matrimoniaux, liens individuals born to French parents (referred to as Does public housing affect segregation? The researchers also observed that near large familiaux et liens sociaux”, Annales de démo- the majority population), of children of immigrants housing projects, the proportion of natives - What are the origins of the educational only the educational trajectories of children from graphie historique, 135(1), pp. 81–112. from European countries, and of children of Does the increase in the number of non-European in private housing fell, leading to reduced inequalities affecting the children of immigrant backgrounds but also their parents’ immigrants from non-European countries. immigrants living in public housing in France have diversity of the neighbourhood and increased immigrants? educational level before migration. • Haley McAvay, 2018, “Immigrants’ spatial The results show that children of European an impact on their residential segregation? To segregation. Conversely, segregation decreased The results run counter to common explanations that, incorporation in housing and neighbourhoods: immigrants, like the majority population, explore how social housing affects segregation, when public housing allowed minorities to live in In France, nearly a quarter of school-age children a priori, attribute all academic difficulties faced Evidence from France”, Population, English experience less spatial segregation over the long the researchers have studied changes in the neighbourhoods where there were fewer of them. have at least one immigrant parent. These children by immigrant children to family failings, a cultural Edition, 73(2), pp. 333–361. term than children of non-European immigrants. proportion of immigrant households in public and have, on average, less favourable academic background that is incompatible with school, or While individuals’ socioeconomic factors play an private housing in neighbourhoods with 2,500 Gregory Verdugo, Sorana Toma, 2018, “Can public results and career choices than native children. having too many siblings. The results demonstrate, • Haley McAvay, 2018, “Quels logements et quels important role, the characteristics of the city in inhabitants, based on detailed French census housing decrease segregation? Lessons and challenges To understand immigrant parents’ relationship with to the contrary, the importance of the cultural capital quartiers ? L’intégration résidentielle des immigrés which they grew up—house prices, the size of data from 1982 to 2012. from non-European immigration in France”, school, educational practices, aspirations and, acquired by parents before immigration and the en France”, Population, 73(2), pp. 351–380. the public housing stock, and school and work This analysis shows that although segregation Demography, 55(5), pp. 1803–1828. more generally, attitudes to education when their often positive role of older siblings. environments—also restrict contextual mobility may be stable over the period, this masks a children are in school, we need to look at their • Angéline Escafré-Dublet, Christine Lelévrier, over the longer term among non-European strong increase in the proportion of non-European current living conditions as well as their pre-migration Mathieu Ichou, 2018, Les enfants d’immigrés à 2018, “Governing diversity without naming it: minorities. Residential segregation mechanisms immigrants in neighbourhoods where over 30% of socialization. Data from the Ministry of National l’école. Inégalités scolaires du primaire à An analysis of neighbourhood policies in Paris”, are also at play, such as the choice made by both households were already immigrant households: Education’s panels and from the Trajectories and l’enseignement supérieur, Paris, Puf, 310 pages. European Urban and Regional Studies, 26(3), children of immigrants and the majority population this proportion rose from 12% in 1982 to 32% Origins survey have enabled us to reconstruct not pp. 283–296. 24 25 METHODOLOGICAL RENEWAL RESEARCH IN 2018 THE BENEFITS OF LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS

INED studies are fully implicated in the methodological renewal of population science, through either the development and application of new methods or the improvement of existing ones. Found at the core of many research projects, the longitudinal approach has some specific methodological and ethical features.

Thanks to the Institute’s internationally recognized Varied collection methods tools informing respondents of their rights, the Main research findings for 2018 breastfeed most in the maternity hospital, and Understanding social processes over time expertise in longitudinal approaches, we can now security of their data, and the purpose of the those born in sub-Saharan Africa breastfeed identify more precisely the causal relationships INED uses a wide range of collection methods to research also improves retention. Close attention most at 6 months. In addition, the migrant status Techniques for understanding ongoing processes, between various phenomena. Innovative collect longitudinal data, tailored to the issues and is paid to ethical issues, which are handled by Breastfeeding practices by migration origin of the father also exerts an influence on natives, usually referred to as longitudinal techniques, experimental methods are being implemented geographical areas involved. With retrospective INED’s Ethics Committee. INED also uses data who breastfeed more when the child’s father is an have now been widely developed. Sociologists, to improve participation by survey respondent surveys (biographical analysis for example), over matching with administrative data. This “passive Migration status is one of the principal factors in immigrant. Marital diversity has little effect on the demographers, politicians, economists, and historians groups, minimize non-response, and increase the years the Institute has developed and enriched collection” enables us to correct the attrition bias the social differentiation of breastfeeding practices breastfeeding practices of immigrants. However, use different means of collecting information and, indicator robustness. The modernity of research specific biographical collection tools that have inherent in panel studies more effectively. in France. The longitudinal dimension of the ELFE the correlation between the mother’s foreign more importantly, different methods of processing it. at INED lies in both the use of innovative, Institute been deployed in a wide variety of fields. In Global South countries, the Institute is involved study (French Longitudinal Study of Children) origin and breastfeeding is reduced in the second Based on specific examples of studies conducted produced data and the exploitation of newly INED is also renowned for its expertise in in data collection via population observatories in enabled us to measure the extent to which this generation. Only African descendants from an in fields as diverse as electoral participation, available administrative data (censuses, civil longitudinal surveys (cohort tracking, multiple- partnership with the French Institute for Research migrant effect impacts both the incidence and endogamous marriage breastfeed slightly more at child socialization, and the integration of migrant registry data, geolocation data, web data, round surveys, and panel studies), where one on Development (IRD), to gain a more in-depth duration of breastfeeding. The ELFE data also birth than other women born in France. populations, the authors present the practical, access to text corpora, etc.) and health data, of the main challenges is to limit attrition. As understanding of demographic trends and enabled us to track whether specific breastfeeding theoretical, and epistemological challenges of I N E D

access to which has recently been facilitated such, the Institute has developed innovative development factors in particular areas. Long-term Population Claire Kersuzan, Christine Tichit, Xavier Thierry, 2018, practices are continued among the descendantsQuarterly Journal the various longitudinal techniques, whether 2010 • January-March Volume 65 • Number 1

DÉBAT SUR L’AVENIR DE LA DISCIPLINE D. TABUTIN • Vers quelle(s) démographie(s) ? Atouts, faiblesses et évolutions de la discipline depuis 50 ans P

O POPULATION G. CASELLI, V. EGIDI • Nécessité d’une approche multidisciplinaire P

D. COURGEAU, R. FRANCK • La démographie, science constituée ou U

L English Edition en voie de constitution ? Esquisse d’un programme J. HOBCRAFT • Pour améliorer notre compréhension A by the National Health Data System (Système methods of minimizing the number of individuals and exhaustive, these tools constitute an excellent T “Les pratiques d’allaitement des immigrées et des des comportements démographiques

of immigrants and to appreciate the impact of I they relate to ethnography, statistics on large J. HOEM • La démographie, aujourd’hui et demain ON  N C. ROSSIER, C. PIRUS • Évolution du nombre d’interruptions de grossesse o en France entre 1976 et 2002 . Z. ZHAO • Les tables types de mortalité des Nations unies de 1982 : 1 réflexion sur leur application aux pays en développement 2018  Volume 73 MESURE DE LA MOBILITÉ ET DE LA MULTIRÉSIDENCE N u m ber 3 À PARTIR DES RECENSEMENTS NOTES DE RECHERCHE source of longitudinal data. Used alongside J.-L. PAN KÉ SHON • Le recensement rénové français et l’étude des mobilités natives en France, à partir de la cohorte Elfe”, national des Données de Santé, SNDS). “lost to follow-up” and maintaining respondents’ paternal immigrant origin on these behaviours.B. BACCAÏNI • Les flux migratoires interrégionaux en France depuis population samples, the processing of collections cinquante ans J. A. MÓDENES CABRERIZO, J. LÓPEZ COLÁS • La résidence secondaire en Espagne : profils sociodémographiques et territoriaux  BIBLIOGRAPHIE CRITIQUE Éducation, travail et décisions des ménages 2

Le Traité Démographie : analyse et synthèse 0 1 0 interest and participation over time, including by censuses or health surveys, they help to shed light As in English-speaking countries, the results showFrance: 20,00 € • Abroad: 22,00 €  P u b lished b y I n s t itu t nation al d ’ études dém ograph i ques  Population, 73(3), pp. 571–592. of documents or archives, and all intermediate reporting research results. More broadly, and in on the population’s response behaviours. that immigrant mothers breastfeed more at birth cases of data production and analysis. Far from compliance with the new General Data Protection and at 6 months than natives, irrespective of their constituting any methodological catechism, this Regulation (GDPR), the creation of tailor-made region of birth. Immigrants from the Maghreb book is intended to show the contributions and 26 27 METHODOLOGICAL RENEWAL RESEARCH IN 2018

INTERVIEW ÉLISE DE LA ROCHEBROCHARD, Research Director

FURTHER READING - What can big health data contribute limitations of each technique presented, without children’s family networks and their dynamics Every year, the births, marriages, migrations, and to research on the hidden treatments for assigning, a priori, more value to one type of during childhood (from 0 to 12 years). deaths that have occurred since the previous survey infertility? method over another. Resolutely practical and Longitudinal data have been used to measure are recorded. This population monitoring shows • Erica Reinhard, Richard Layte, Cathal study in Niakhar (Senegal)”, Demographic Research, 38(art. 32), pp. 879–896. incorporating both an interdisciplinary and turnover in children’s family environment and how that the fertility rate halved over the first 15 years McCrory, Lidia Panico, Mauricio Avendano, While much research has been done on assisted • Cheikh Tidiane Ndiaye, Bruno Masquelier, interthematic outlook, the proposed approach each type of family relationship is maintained over of the surveillance system, from an average of 2018, “The great recession and the health reproduction technologies (ART), the first-line treat- of young children: A fixed effects analysis in Gilles Pison, Ndèye Binta Diémé Coly, Samba suggests that the longitudinal approach itself time. The researchers have shown that children nearly six children per woman to three, a relatively ment for infertility, hormonal stimulation, remains Ireland”, American Journal of Epidemiology, Ndiaye, Valérie Delaunay, Ibrahima Diouf, contains an element of illusion in terms of the grow up in a large (14 people, on average) and low level for a rural area of West Africa. Fertility poorly understood due to the lack of sources for 187(7), pp. 1438–1448. Ousmane Ndiaye, Paul Senghor, Papa N studying it. Conducted by INED in collaboration ambition to render an exhaustive account of the complex family environment that extends well then remained at this level without further decline. • Marie Bournez, Eléa Ksiazek, Sophie Diouf, 2018, “Évaluation externe des données with INSERM, the StimHo project is a multidisci- social process that is taking place. beyond their parents, siblings, and close relatives. Malaria-related mortality increased sevenfold Nicklaus, Sandra Wagner, Claire Kersuzan, de recensement au Sénégal par l’utilisation plinary research project using a fresh approach In addition, this environment is constantly being in the early 1990s following the emergence of Christine Tichit, Séverine Gojard, Xavier des données d’observatoires de population” Joanie Cayouette-Remblière, Bertrand Geay, Patrick restructured. On average, in the space of 5 years chloroquine-resistant strains. This rise was followed Thierry, Marie-Aline Charles, Sandrine in Valérie Delaunay, Alice Desclaux, Cheikh to explore hormonal stimulation as a fertility treat- Lehingue, (eds.) 2018, Comprendre le social dans la (the interval between two censuses), half of the by a dramatic decline from 2000 onwards due to Lioret, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, 2018, Sokhna (eds.), Niakhar, mémoires et ment, through the use of health insurance data durée, Rennes, Presses universitaires de Rennes, members of a child’s domestic group will change. a new national anti-malaria strategy. In recent years, “Factors associated with the introduction of perspectives : recherches pluridisciplinaires sur accessible via the SNDS and the Constances coll. Res Publica. The closer individuals are to the child (biological data from the Mlomp surveillance system have been complementary feeding in the French ELFE le changement en Afrique, Marseille / Dakar, cohort. This data will enable us to develop epide- parents, siblings, etc.), the more likely they are to used to validate national censuses and test new cohort study”, Maternal and Child Nutrition, IRD éditions–L’Harmattan, pp. 401–423. miological and economic analyses. In addition, to The dynamics of the family network remain around the child for a long period. techniques for improving data collection. 14(2), e12536. • Anne Gosselin, Annabel Desgrées du Loû, gain a better understanding of the care pathways in childhood in Mali • Amy L Slogrove, Tanoh François Eboua, Éva Lelièvre, PARCOURS Study Group, 2018, and of the practices and rationales of the actors, Adeodata Kekitiinwa-Rukyalekere, Nicola “How to use sequence analysis for life course PUBLISHED 17 APRIL 2018 See https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/legalcode. are given credit. and distribution in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source Attribution 3.0 Germany (CC BY 3.0 DE), which permitsuse, reproduction, This open-access work is published under the terms of the Creative Commons © 2018 Sangeetha Madhavan, Donatien Beguy & Shelley Clark. Hertrich. Véronique and Dynamics inFamily sub-Saharan and Africa,” organized “Children byon Guest Editors Olivia Samuel Collection Special the of part is publication This Clark Shelley Donatien Beguy Sangeetha Madhavan survey Retention and data consistency in a two-round informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya: Measuring extended families over time in Research Article DOI: 10.4054/DemRes.2018.38.44 http://www.demographic-research.org/Volumes/Vol38/44/ VOLUME 38, ARTICLE 44, PAGES 1339 RESEARCH DEMOGRAPHIC Aurélien Dasré, Olivia Samuel, Véronique Hertrich, 2018, Gilles Pison, Baptiste Beck, Ousmane Ndiaye, Papa N semi-structured interviews will be conducted with Maxwell, Jorge Pinto, George Seage III, Chloe epidemiology? An example on HIV-positive Complex and extended family structures are “The dynamics of the family network during childhood: A Diouf, Paul Senghor, Géraldine Duthé, Laurence Fleury, doctors prescribing the treatments, pharmacists A. Teasdale et al., 2018, “The epidemiology Sub-Saharan migrants in France”, Journal of , common among rural populations in sub-Saharan 1358 genealogical and longitudinal approach in rural Mali”, Cheikh Sokhna et Valérie Delaunay, 2018, « HDSS delivering them, and women receiving hormonal of adolescents living with perinatally acquired Epidemiology and Community Health, 72(6), stimulation treatments. By combining these diffe- Africa. However, it is difficult to understand the Demographic Research 41(art. 9), pp. 231–262. profile: Mlomp health and demographic surveillance HIV: A cross-region global cohort analysis”, pp. 507–512. rent approaches, our multidisciplinary team will be dynamics of family arrangements and issues system (Mlomp HDSS), Senegal », International PLOS Medicine, 15(3), e1002514. • Stéphane Legleye, Géraldine Charrance, relating to the socialization of children through A locally monitored population in Senegal Journal of Epidemiology, 47(4), p. 1025-1033. • Gilles Pison, Bruno Masquelier, Almamy- Nicolas Razafindratsima, Nathalie Bajos, able to address three major public health issues: quantitative surveys. Using a longitudinal survey Malick Kante, Cheikh Tidiane Ndiaye, Laetitia Aline Bohet, Caroline Moreau, 2018, “The estimating the prevalence and success rate of hor- conducted in a rural population in south-eastern In 1985, a population and health monitoring Douillot, Géraldine Duthé, Cheikh Sokhna, use of a nonprobability Internet panel to monal stimulation; revealing social and territorial Mali between 1988 and 2009, which combines system was set up in Mlomp, in Senegal, to Valérie Delaunay, Stéphane Helleringer, 2018, monitor sexual and reproductive health in the inequalities in access to treatment; and assessing census and genealogical data, researchers at measure and monitor closely the demographic and “Estimating mortality from external causes using general population”, Sociological Methods the economic impact of practices compared with INED have been able to accurately describe health trends in a particular rural area of the country. data from retrospective surveys: A validation and Research, 47(2), pp. 314–348. the guidelines. 28 29 PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE

One of INED’s core missions, the promotion of its research work is done throughout the year to a wide audience through training and cooperative activities, the publication of articles and books, the Institute’s website, and the organization of events.

PROMOTION AND DISSEMINATION OF RESEARCH IN FIGURES P. 32 RESEARCH TRANSFER AND COOPERATION P. 34 INED’S SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS P. 38 THE DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE DIGITAL AGE P. 42 A RICH AND VARIED CONFERENCE PROGRAMME P. 44 30 31 PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE PROMOTION AND DISSEMINATION OF RESEARCH IN FIGURES

129 5,511 followers Twitter 119 Lundis de l’INED (INED 7 articles published in journals Mondays), seminars, training programmes included in citation and conferences, and for doctoral students reference indexes research days organized 371 and postdocs 4 by INED researchers occasions on which books published by INED researchers INED Publications and technicians have participated in scientific assessment boards, 11 expert panels, and issues of 3,104 valuation bodies Population & Societies published press citations 1.6 million INED website visitors

32 33 PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE RESEARCH TRANSFER AND COOPERATION

INED has its own research transfer operations, designed to create the conditions for dialogue between the worlds of research and public and private companies. And international cooperation, namely with Global South countries, has long been among its activities, either in the form of training or joint scientific work.

The third of the six missions entrusted to INED example, the Trajectories and Origins survey to the human and social sciences, in line with significance of each determinant. This research The benefit for the company is the opportunity to Developing North–South cooperation in the 1986 decree concerns expectations in conducted with INSEE revealed various types of current societal challenges. For example, INED’s has concrete applications: it helps to guide the take a step back from its practices, to discuss the terms of the promotion of its research: “It collects, discrimination, the contexts in which they exist, researchers are supporting the Public Rights corrective policies to be implemented. Likewise, issues with the social partners, and to have its centralizes, and promotes all research work, both and the victims of such discrimination. Various Defender with the use of surveys to measure companies in France are legally required to analyses confirmed or contradicted. INED enjoys a national and international reputation French and non-French, within its field of activity; stakeholders have been able to use these results, discrimination, and the French Office for Family provide equal opportunities and risk sanctions if Not all the mechanisms by which gender thanks to the excellence of its researchers’ work it keeps the government and public authorities including the Public Rights Defender, and they Allowances (Caisse nationale des allocations they do not implement internal policies to reduce inequalities in the workplace are produced can and its active role within the global scientific informed of knowledge acquired and provides have helped to develop anti-discrimination familiales) by providing a better understanding of the existing gaps. However, these are complex, be tested using the company data because they community. This reputation is consolidated by expertise and support for public policies working policies. The result is better social cohesion, more the impact of childcare methods. multidimensional issues, and there is rarely a do not contain information on employees’ family its culture of cooperation with the Global South to meet social and educational challenges in its efficient use of human resources in France, and, New partnerships with companies and quick and easy solution. constraints, for example. In order to study the (Africa, Asia), which is reflected both in the training field of activity.” therefore, better productivity. foundations are also being established within the It is in this context that original partnerships have connections between family and working life, of researchers and in collaborative projects with As such, the innovative work produced or framework of specific research projects, and the been forged between INED researchers and general population surveys remain essential. data collection centres. supported by INED is primarily aimed at the public The role of research in social innovation Institute has developed research transfer schemes large companies including L’Oréal, Michelin, and Nevertheless, for research purposes, analysing Under the framework of the United Nations sphere and the design or evaluation of public with large corporations, particularly in relation to an airline company. The fundamental principle of company data is a unique opportunity to examine sustainable development goals, the Demography policies. It may also address the stakeholders the evaluation of gender equality at work policies. these collaborations is the absolute independence the mechanisms that produce inequalities by and Statistics for Africa (DEMOSTAF) network, in The ways in which INED’s scientific activities are involved in the implementation of these public The researchers are testing the plausibility of of the researchers and their freedom to choose pinpointing the career points at which gender which INED is actively involved, aims to promote transferred are very diverse: evaluation, expertise, policies: social organizations, associations, and various hypotheses to explain the persistence approaches and topics. Companies make their variations arise, and to test the validity of certain research on current population issues in sub-Saharan involvement in commissions, conferences, the businesses. As INED’s research topics concern of pay and career inequalities between women anonymized data available and engage in models. While each company is a specific case, Africa. It develops collaborative research projects, media, etc. The Institute is developing a policy on the population, the societal impact of its work and men in the corporate world, constructing dialogue with researchers to provide them with the accumulation of this research enables us to offers training, and provides opportunities for the the promotion and transfer of knowledge specific is pervasive: indirect but very significant. For explanatory models and quantifying the relative an in-depth understanding of the mechanisms. build a solid corpus to inform public action. transfer of knowledge between member institutions. 34 35 TRANSFERT DE LA RECHERCHE ET COOPÉRATION PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE

WHAT IS THE DEMOSTAF In 2018, knowledge transfer activities on mapping by Bruno Lankoande, winner of the 2017 Young temporary teaching and research assistant (ATER) an opportunity to improve on their Master’s thesis were carried out by a research technician from Author Prize of the journal Population, on end-of- posts usually teach undergraduate courses. for submission for journal publication and/or to NETWORK? INED’s Statistical Methods Department and a life inequalities between urban and rural areas While a third of these courses were at French come up with a doctoral thesis project. researcher from Laval University (Quebec) during among adults in Burkina Faso, and more. universities, 59 courses were held at member INED also hosts doctoral students for placements The Demography Statistics for Africa network, visits by researchers and statisticians from Senegal An internal seminar was also held from 3 to 4 institutions of the Campus Condorcet, principally to help them design their thesis project and/ DEMOSTAF, was created in 2016 for a and Burkina Faso. Two librarians from the Institute December, during which 30 research projects at EHESS and the University of Paris 1 Panthéon- or to work on the use of survey data. In 2018, period of 4 years and is funded through the also hosted their colleagues from Burkina Faso, were presented to around 40 participants. Sorbonne, evidence of the close ties between 20 foreign doctoral students were hosted for RISE programme. It is an exchange programme Mali, Madagascar, and Senegal for a month This seminar was an opportunity to show the INED and its future partners. placements of between 15 days and 5.5 months. involving 14 European and African academic as part of the DEMOSTAF Data Documentation diversity and richness of the research supported Sixteen of the courses taught in 2018 were Seven of these students came from Tunisia, two institutions and four national statistics institutes component. They organized a programme of by DEMOSTAF, to encourage an interdisciplinary delivered abroad, and half of them were to from Cameroon, and one from Burkina Faso. and is aimed at promoting research on the work and training on how to document surveys strategy for investigations, approaches, and researchers from Global South countries. INED following topics: fertility; mortality and health; using the online inventory, which at the end of methods (indicators used, the creation of atlases, researchers have taught sociology courses at the households and families; and education. 2018 contained 111 demographic operations multilevel analysis, etc.), and to discuss results University of Paris-Sorbonne in Abu Dhabi and The programme focuses on the connections for the four countries. between teams. led social science methodology seminars at a between the quantitative data produced at One of the network’s key events for 2018 was summer school in Kenya and at the Institut Pasteur national and local levels, and, through the a collective workshop that took place from 15 An important contribution to in Madagascar. close involvement of national statistics institutes, November to 14 December in Paris. Bringing Finally, 21 students from French and foreign consolidates and promotes public statistics. together the 19 exchange participants at INED, higher education, here and elsewhere universities were supervised by researchers from the French Institute for Research on Development the Institute during internships in the 2017–2018 http://demostaf.site.ined.fr/en (IRD) and the Catholic University of Louvain, the INED researchers and research technicians, academic year. workshop featured numerous scientific events at much sought after for their specific expertise, Each year, as part of its collaboration with INED and INSEE: an introduction to the National taught in 56 different courses in 2018, primarily research teams in the Global South and to build the Council for Statistical Information (CNIS) and the in sociology, social sciences, economics, and capabilities of the Global South, INED welcomes census, a research day on assisted reproduction demography, totalling 2,707 hours, and 14 Master’s students towards the end of their course and social imaginaries, an Applied Statistics more courses than in 2017. Tenured researchers for a 2–3 month research placement, through Group seminar on the comparison of administrative and research technicians mainly teach Master’s the iPOPs Laboratory of Excellence (LabEx). This data in an international context, a presentation and doctoral students, while doctoral students in placement is intended to provide the students with 36 37 PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE INED’S SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS

Transmitting and promoting research study findings has been a crucial mission at INED since its founding. INED Publications releases and distributes books that are references in their field as well as periodicals in French and English, thereby working to diffuse knowledge to the scientific community and the public.

As a scientific publisher since its creation in 1945, The INED Publications catalogue includes: • Population & Societies, a bilingual French– abortion and the associated measurement LA FAMILLE À DISTANCE. LES DÉRACINÉS DE CHERCHELL. INED, through its journals and books series, some • Nearly 300 books by French and international English monthly bulletin presenting scientific difficulties and solutions. It reviewed current Mobilités, territoires et liens Camps de regroupement of which are published in English, contributes researchers, published in various series findings to a lay readership legislation, the latest data on the frequency of familiaux [Families separated by dans la guerre d’Algérie to the visibility and dissemination of population - Questions de populations [Population abortion and methods used, and the consequences distance: Geographical mobility and (1954-1962) [The uprooted people of science research. Issues] Population of abortion on women’s health and lives. family ties]. Cherchell: Regrouping camps during the - Classiques de l’économie et de la Overviews and demographic situation reports Edited by Christophe Imbert, Algerian War (1954–1962)]. A catalogue dedicated to population studies population [Economics and Population Every year, in compliance with its official are available online, in French and English, via Éva Lelièvre, David Lessault Kamel Kateb, Nacer Melhani, Classics] obligations, INED offers a detailed review of the the journal’s website and on various distribution Collection: Questions de populations M’hamed Rebah The INED Publications catalogue reflects the - Études et enquêtes historiques [Historical major figures and trends in the population of France platforms (Persée, Cairn, JStor, Muse, etc.) [Population Issues] Collection: Études et enquêtes multidisciplinarity of demography work and the Studies and Surveys] and reports on the country’s current demographic This book brings together the work of demographers, historiques [Historical Studies and Institute’s research units. With their wide-open - Grandes Enquêtes [Major Surveys] situation. In 2018, a specific focus was given to www.revue-population.fr geographers, sociologists, and ethnologists. It analyses Surveys] approach to demography, the publications take up - Manuels [Handbooks] the geographical mobility trajectories of immigrants www.journal-population.com the effects of distance on family functioning and looks at During the Algerian war that led to the country’s an extremely broad range of topics—family, fertility, - Méthodes et savoirs [Methods and living in mainland France. This original approach, the extension of the family group beyond the household, independence in 1962, a quarter of the mortality, migration, economic demography, and Knowledge acquisition] focusing on place of departure and not on place questioning the traditional categories produced by Algerian population was interned in population ageing—from the perspectives of such disciplines - Cahiers [Notebooks] of arrival, highlighted the scale of the flows of Books published by INED Publications official statistics and suggesting a different perception “regroupment” camps. This book reconstructs the as economics, history, geography, sociology, - Textes fondamentaux [Fundamental Texts] immigrants leaving French territory. of family relationships. The transformation of lifestyles, trajectory of some of the people from the Cherchell anthropology, statistics, and epidemiology. - INED Population Studies, in English (with The theme-based annual ‘overview of a population Since February 1, 2017, INED’s new titles and increased mobility, new means of communication, region who underwent this forced displacement. Submitted for validation by scientific committees, Springer) question’, presenting the state of world knowledge catalogue of publications have been distributed by teleworking, and even multiple residence are social Presenting a series of personal accounts, this book the books and journal articles are internationally • Population, a bilingual French–English on a specific subject, offered, for 2018, a vast FMSH Diffusion in bookstores and on the shared realities that call for new ways of understanding the makes a key contribution to the reconstruction of renowned for their editorial and scientific quality. quarterly journal international overview of the issues surrounding platform Le Comptoir des Presses Universitaires. new, multilocalized family structure. an often forgotten or concealed episode of history. 38 39 INED’S SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE

8 Le monde privé INED Population Studies 8 ds. Simon E Hamel Beauchemin · INED Population Studies 8 LE MONDE PRIVÉ DES FEMMES. Cris Beauchemin · Christelle Hamel · Patrick Simon Editors TRAJECTORIES AND ORIGINS: des femmes Trajectories and Origins: Survey on the Diversity of the French POPULATION’S Population INED PUBLICATIONS’ E-BOOKS Genre et habitat This book provides the main findings of a ground-breaking survey on immigrants and the second generation in France. The data, collected from more than 20, 000 persons

dans la société française representative of the population living in France, offer invaluable insights into the GENRE ET HABITAT DANS LA trajectories and experience of ethnic minorities. Cris Beauchemin · Christelle Hamel Survey on the Diversity of the Sous la direction de The book explains how France has been an immigrant-receiving country for over a century and how it is now a multicultural society with an unprecedented level of Patrick Simon Editors Anne Lambert origin diversity. While immigrants and their descendants are targets of clichés and Pascale Dietrich-Ragon stereotyping, this book provides unique quantitative findings on their situation in all areas of personal and working life. Catherine Bonvalet Is origin in itself a factor of inequality? With its detailed reconstitutions of educational, occupational and conjugal trajectories and its exploration of access to housing and French Population SOCIÉTÉ FRANÇAISE [THE health, this book provides multiple approaches to answering this question. Trajectories and One of the work’s major contributions is to combine objective and subjective measures 1 YOUNG AUTHOR PRIZE of discrimination: this is the first study in France to focus on racism as experienced

by those subjected to it, while opening up new methodological perspectives on the of the FrenchDiversity Population Trajectories on the Survey and Origins: experience of prejudice by origin, religion, and skin colour. Origins: Survey Cris Beauchemin, Christelle Hamel and PRIVATE WORLD OF WOMEN: on the Diversity Throughout 2018, INED Publications

Préface de Olivier Schwartz GENDER AND ENVIRONMENT IN of the French Patrick Simon Population continued to diversify its publication media

Social Sciences Collection: Ined Population Studies Created in 2015 by the journal Population, the FRENCH SOCIETY] ISBN 978-3-319-76637-9 9 783319 766379 by offering seven new publications in both Edited by Anne Lambert, Pascale Dietrich- (Springer) Young Author Prize was awarded in February Ragon and Catherine Bonvalet paper and digital format: printed book, 2018 to Marine Haddad, a doctoral student ePub format, and enhanced PDF (e-books). Collection: Questions de populations This book, published in English in partnership with at the Sociological Observatory of Change [Population Issues] Springer, presents the results of the Trajectories This diversification of formats, thought out (Sciences Po) and the Laboratory of Quantitative and Origins survey to an international audience. and designed in a complementary way, Sociology (Crest) for her article entitled Through various contributions analysing housing, One of the survey’s major contributions is that it allows us to reach a wider audience using “Migration from French Overseas Departments place of residence, and social and physical combines both objective and subjective measures of distribution methods tailored to the circulation environment in general, this book shows that the to Metropolitan France: What We Can Learn discrimination: for the first time, it focuses on racism of knowledge. E-books offer multiple options home can be a place of self-affirmation for women, as experienced by those subjected to it and opens about a State Policy from the Censuses, 1962– for enhanced content, such as hypertext links, for example, among deprived populations, but also up new methodological approaches to the study of 1969”. Her article offers new perspectives for confirms the fragility of this equilibrium. Looking at prejudice based on origin, religion, or skin colour. images, statistical data, videos, etc., and demographic analysis of four French overseas the home in all its physical, symbolic, economic, incorporate the metadata and full text required departments (DOMs): Guadeloupe, French and legal dimensions, this situational analysis INED researchers also work with publishers other for optimal listing (ONIX protocol). Guiana, Martinique, and Réunion. Using offers new perspectives for research. than INED Publications, and in 2018, four books At a time of major developments in knowledge difference-in-difference regressions, this analysis were released. diffusion, it was key that INED and INED measures the effects of the policies implemented www.ined.fr/en/publications/editions/ Publications be proactive in the adoption of by the Bumidom. It shows that while the Bumidom new digital technologies, which represent a accelerated the growth of migration flows, they remarkable advance in the distribution and were also fuelled by the socioeconomic gap promotion of scientific publications. between the DOMs and the mainland.

40 41 PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE THE DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE IN THE DIGITAL AGE

In line with its missions, INED strives to promote the richness of its scientific production and to raise awareness of demographic issues among researchers and the public alike. Digital communication is essential to this undertaking.

The INED website, designed to be attractive and has been completely redesigned, and the figures Population & Societies archive, Archined, and has defined its filing INED DIGESTS easy to use, targets a broad audience. Since featured in various animations across the site have policy. Archined was developed in 2018, for its redesign, it continues to evolve, offering new been updated using UN data. avable free of charge online opening in 2019, by the Documentation, Library, content every week, and in 2018 it attracted over and Archives Department and a project team, in In 2018, a new type of content was offered 1.6 million visitors. Social networks and a culture of sharing INED’s monthly bulletin, Population & Societies, collaboration with a contractor, MyScienceWork. via the INED website: Digests. These are The rich and diverse website content is structured which presents a scientific analysis of a particular The open archive’s name, Archined, was chosen digests of articles by INED population into eight main topic areas and constitutes a Every day, INED publishes new information on its question to a general audience, is accessible by a survey of INED staff. science researchers published in academic reference resource for both the scientific community Twitter, Facebook, and LinkedIn accounts, provi- for free on the INED website on the second Connected with the national HAL archive as well journals on demography and related and the public. In 2018, new videos were ding information on an event, a publication, an Wednesday of the month. In 2018, it celebrated as with the main platforms and engines indexing sciences. Six digests have been published made, introducing the fundamental concepts of interview, a research result, a survey, etc. The its 50th anniversary. Two issues, One in thirty open access scientific research (OpenAire, RePEc, in the dedicated section. demography: its own definition, life expectancy, Institute’s online community continued to grow in children in France conceived through assisted Isidore, Google Scholar, etc.), this new system will world population growth, sex ratio at birth, 2018, recording an 18% increase in subscribers, reproductive technology and Europe and the enable INED to contribute to French and European www.ined.fr/fr/ressources-methodes/ined-digests participation of women and men in domestic and it has invested in making content available on spectre of sub-Saharan migration received strong open access policies, increase the visibility and work, the difference between an immigrant and the new Datagora platform. Created by Sciences media coverage and generated 255 articles. accessibility of its researchers’ publications, and a foreigner, etc. Entitled “Figuring Out Population Po students, this free social network is supported by Archined, ensure their long-term preservation. Change”, these educational videos by researchers the Sciences Po School of Public Affairs. It aims to www.ined.fr/en can be viewed on INED’s Vimeo channel, along inform public debate by promoting the publication INED’s open access archive archined.ined.fr with the videos produced as part of the “Rencontres of statistical data and public studies. de la démo 2018” mini-conferences on the theme As part of the national and European policy of the bioethics law. The interactive “Family Game” for open sciences, INED has set up an open 42 43 PROMOTION OF RESEARCH AND DISSEMINATION OF KNOWLEDGE THE APPLIED STATISTICS MEETINGS CELEBRATED A RICH AND VARIED THEIR 10TH ANNIVERSARY CONFERENCE PROGRAMME Organized by the INED Statistical Methods Department, this seminar looks at the application of a statistical method based on real-life cases. The distinct perspectives of Every year, INED organizes and participates in a number of conferences, practitioners from different disciplines enable seminars, research days, book fairs, and lecture series in France and us to compare the tools used and hypotheses abroad. All these events increase the outreach and influence of population applied by the methods and the types of science among experts and the public alike. results published. These presentations are intended for researchers, research technicians, INED doctoral students, and other analysts from the public and private sectors facing statistical issues. INED researchers are heavily invested in diffusion cohort; the Global Race seminar series (ANR) on the presentation of the Pew Research Center’s INED also holds an hour-long seminar every Specific events for the public In May 2018, a day celebrating the seminar’s and promotion activities. In addition to writing the reconfigurations of racism and the concept of report for Europe on a survey of religion and Monday morning, a space for multidisciplinary 10th anniversary (“Applied statistics in the articles and books, they are regularly involved race since 1945 in North America, Latin America, tolerance in Europe by Dr Neha Sahgal and Alan scientific discussions between researchers, research INED researchers also try to publicize their work social sciences: Data revolution, evolution of in events targeting the scientific community, the and Europe; workshops of the multidisciplinary Cooperman; the Economic Demography Unit’s technicians, and Master’s and PhD students. At through popularization for non-scientific, non- practices”) provided an opportunity to review the public, or both. research network on fatherhood and motherhood research day on “The socioeconomic challenges these “INED Mondays”, researchers and doctoral academic audiences, formed of social and methodologies and types of data used recently. (REPPaMa); the International Perspectives research of loss of autonomy”; and INED’s participation in students from the Institute or external guests present economic policymakers, professional and cultural group’s research day on “New reproductive the European Science Forum (ESOF) in Toulouse their work, which is then discussed by a peer. From National and international scientific events organizations, teachers, and students. Via book technologies and social imaginaries”; the alongside the Ministry for Higher Education, September 2017 to June 2018, 28 such sessions to all. In 2018, these talks were on issues relating launch events, workshops at France’s annual European Consortium for Sociological Research’s Research, and Innovation and the major French were held; after each one, INED’s Documentation to bioethics. The videos are available online, in 2018 was particularly busy, with a total of science fair, and lectures at the Paris Book Fair or conference on “Causes and consequences research institutions (CNRS, CNES, INSERM, IRD, Department drew up a list of selected references on French and English. 129 seminars and conferences led by INED the Blois History Festival, the Institute’s researchers of inequalities in Europe”, organized by the INRA, INRIA, etc.). the topic discussed. researchers, sometimes in collaboration with other work hard to make population sciences accessible Sociological Observatory for Change (Sciences Papers by INED researchers were also presented All these scientific seminars are occasions for https://vimeo.com/album/5719341 research laboratories, over one or more days. to all. Po and CNRS), with the involvement of INED at international conferences: the Population researchers to meet and talk about their work, share Highlights of the year included: an international Since 2014, to reach a still wider audience, INED and the Quantitative Sociology Laboratory Association of America selected 14 of them for its knowledge, and discuss new scientific issues. symposium on “Migration, environment, and has organized annual filmed mini-conferences on (LSQ–CREST), the Centre for European Studies annual conference held in Denver in April 2018. climate: What risk inequalities?”, organized by the fundamental topics of demography. Entitled and Comparative Politics (CEE–Sciences Po and The Institute also had a significant presence at the https://www.ined.fr/en/news/scientific-meetings/ INED and the French Museum of Natural History “Rencontres de la démo”, these conferences CNRS), and the Laboratory for Interdisciplinary European Population Conference (43 papers and seminaries-colloque-ined/ in partnership with the Centre national d’études provide researchers with 10 minutes in which to Evaluation of Public Policies (LIEPP–Sciences Po); 11 posters) and at the 20th AIDELF symposium (20 spatiales (CNES) and the Agence française de present the issues and describe the progress of the the “Surveys on family” conference, co-organized papers) held every 2 years in Belgium. développement (AFD); a research day on the ELFE research in a clear, educational format, accessible by CNRS, INED, and the University of Picardy; 44 45 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES

The French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED) is a public research organization specialized in population studies and works in partnership with the academic and research worlds at the national and international levels. Its multidisciplinary approach to demographic phenomena is the key to improving our understanding of populations and societies.

MISSIONS AND OBJECTIVES P. 48 RESEARCH UNITS P. 52 PIONEERING METHODOLOGIES AND ACCESSIBLE DATA P. 56 RESEARCH TRAINING THROUGH RESEARCH P. 60 INED AND THE CAMPUS CONDORCET P. 62 PARTNERSHIPS AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS P. 64 INED’S SOCIETAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENT P. 70 46 47 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES INED'S MISSIONS AND OBJECTIVES

Founded in 1945, the French Institute for Demographic Studies (INED) is an institution specialized in demographic research. Its official missions include studying the populations of France and foreign countries, widely disseminating the knowledge produced, and supporting education and research.

Like the CNRS, INSERM, INRA, and IRD, INED one joint research unit, its researchers study and Research, training, • collects, centralizes, and promotes French and Strategic orientations fixed every 5 years The most recent strategic orientations were is a Public Scientific and Technical Research measure classic demographic phenomena such non-French demographic research studies; developed in 2016 and cover the 2016–2020 Establishment (EPST). Administratively attached as nuptiality, fertility, mortality, spatial mobility, and diffusion missions • keeps the public authorities informed of the period. They are monitored using a set of INED’s strategy is based on the definition of major to both the research and social affairs minis- gender, and their causes and effects, as well as knowledge acquired and provides expertise performance indicators. INED’s main missions are to produce research 5-year orientations, which constitute the basis for tries, INED fosters interdisciplinary collaboration, demography applied to social life, the economy, and support for public policies working to meet on all aspects of population at the national and the contract on objectives and performance signed conducts numerous European and international public health, human geography, ethnology, etc. social and educational challenges in its field of international levels, to train in research and with the two supervisory ministries. Research work addressing social issues research projects, and develops partnerships with Their research is conducted nationally in France activity; through research, and to ensure that the scientific Developed through a collective consultation universities and research organizations in France and in countries and regions across the world. • trains in research and through research in its community and wider public are informed of its involving all the Institute’s staff members, these Research priorities at INED for the 2016–2020 and abroad. This disciplinary breadth and openness constitutes areas of competence through courses, PhD research findings. Specifically, as defined in strategic orientations are consistent with the period are to renew analysis of demographic a new development observable in demographic student hosting, and postdoctoral contracts; Article 3 of Decree 86–382 of 12 March 1986 HCERES (High Council for Evaluation of Research phenomena, attain better understanding of life Multidisciplinary research studies in both Europe and the United States. The • ensures that the public is informed of demographic (modified in 2015), the Institute: and Higher Education) recommendations histories, study interactions between actors and Institute belongs to several research networks and issues through its publications, open access • undertakes, develops, and promotes, either on formulated during its evaluation of the Institute, the public policies, and develop studies on population In its open approach to demography, the participates in many national and international library, and website; its own initiative or at the request of the French national research strategy, and the major projects of movements and mobility. The Institute will be Institute draws on a wide range of disciplines, projects in both the Global North and South. • disseminates French demographic research public authorities, research studies on all aspects French, European, and international interest. These emphasizing research on the key questions of including economics, history, geography, internationally and develops demographic of populations; describe the challenges to be met, determine the contemporary demographic change, with a sociology, anthropology, statistics, biology, and information, while promoting the use of the • conducts or commissions and evaluates research Institute’s main research areas, and set the Institute’s special focus on their causes, inner workings, and epidemiology to investigate demographic fields of French language. studies deemed useful to demographic science strategy for meeting these challenges and pursuing the issues they raise. INED research studies are study such as fertility, mortality, migration, gender, and their contributions to economic, social, and these scientific orientations. based on a combined quantitative, critical, and the economy, and public health. Grouped into cultural progress in France; qualitative approach to population questions. The nine research teams or units, one mixed unit, and 48 49 INED’S MISSIONS AND OBJECTIVES THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES

approach is first and foremost quantitative, in that They encompass new types of families (LGBT, Regularly evaluated work statistical analysis and the production of original transnational, non-cohabiting), environmental data constitute core activities. It is also critical, in concerns, prolonged life expectancy, temporary Research at INED is regularly evaluated by: that it generates critical thinking on categories, migrations, forced population displacement, and • the Institute’s own Scientific Council, which concepts, and measuring instruments, as well as other phenomena. assesses the scientific orientations, analyses on findings. Last, it is qualitative as qualitative Far from being static, analysis of demographic scientific activity, and annually examines new understanding is what enables researchers to phenomenon is dynamic and constantly being research projects; enrich their analyses, develop new avenues of renewed: new themes are studied, new sources • dedicated scientific committees that evaluate inquiry, and later to substantiate findings and used, new methods developed. INED’s resolutely grant proposals for submission to such national construct new analytic categories. multidisciplinary approach is the key to improving agencies as the ANR, the Institute for Research in Research topics at INED directly address current our understanding of populations and societies. Public Health, and the National AIDS Research events and social questions. Because they On all these subjects, INED also works to Agency, and international bodies such as the investigate such universal matters as births, unions, produce original data that will enrich public European Commission; life expectancy, and geographical mobility, these statistics, through the elaboration of experimental, • scientific bodies, such as the Public Statistics research studies are of interest to the public, pioneering research studies on sensitive social Accreditation Commission, that approve policymakers, elected officials, and companies. issues, studies whose findings that are then diffused population survey projects; They produce knowledge on social phenomena and promoted in the scientific community and to a • the High Council for the Evaluation of Research and make it possible to objectify sensitive and broad non-scientific audience. and Higher Education (HCERES), which polemical issues, thereby providing guidance in evaluates INED research units and the Institute public policymaking. as a whole every 5 years; INED’s field of inquiry and its strong reputation and • the Institute’s Evaluation Commission, which renown put it in a particularly privileged position assesses researchers’ individual work every when it comes to maintaining and bolstering ties 2 years. between society and research. The economic and social issues involved in contemporary and future demographic dynamics are many, and they call for new, innovative research. 50 51 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES MobilitéMobilité DEMOSUD territoiresterritoiresFamilleFamille THE RESEARCH Histoire IdentitéIdentitéssPerspectivesPerspectives UNITS populations GenreGenre INED’s research teams are organized into ten research units and one joint CohoCohortrtee research unit, each of which studies a particular topic area or applies a Santé specific scientific approach to demography. Research focuses on current Vieillesses Santé major demographic trends. vieillissements reproductivreproductiveeElfElfee

INED’s scientific approach includes a wide range forms of partnership and family structure, as well Mortality, Health, and Epidemiology broaden the concept of residence to include the Economic Demography supplement traditional historical demography of disciplines such as demography, sociology, as changes in the family environment affecting residential system as a whole, incorporate the family sources with archaeological material; and the economics, history, geography, anthropology, children. It also studies fertility trends and related Unit 5 studies mortality and health in populations, dimension by taking into account interpersonal and Unit 9 brings together economists and history of demographic and economic thought, epidemiology, and statistics. Research questions factors, such as the desire to have children, fertility, in France and around the world, and makes intergenerational solidarity, and attend to surrounding demographers to analyse interactions between to discover the actual conditions in which these are addressed with a view to breaking down contraception, and abortion. international comparisons. Its mortality research networks, including institutional ones. A major focus economic situations and demographic behaviours. early forms of knowledge were produced and disciplinary barriers. As such, each researcher focuses on trends and differences in life expectancy of the unit’s research is identifying the trajectories of They study the processes that explain gender transmitted, and to improve analysis of scholarly may belong to two different research units. Gender, Sexuality, and Inequalities between countries, social categories, and genders; vulnerable populations and those who have difficulty disparities in wages, careers, wealth, and living texts and practices. Each unit, led by one or more lead researchers, mortality among the oldest old; and causes of accessing a personal dwelling. standards. They also observe how demographic is evaluated every 5 years by the High Unit 4 studies changes in gender relations, death. Health is studied from various angles, from events such as birth, conjugal separation, or Trajectories and Territories Council for the Evaluation of Research and particularly within couples and families and at its consequences to its determinants, as related to International Migrations and Minorities retirement contribute to these disparities and Higher Education (HCERES). In addition to work, and changes in sexuality. It addresses individuals and contexts. how they evolve over a lifetime. In addition, they As a partner of the International College of Territorial the units, three interdisciplinary groups, which inequalities and how they are articulated, Unit 8 studies international migration and its impact measure the effects of social policies on individual Sciences research group, Research Unit 12 do not conduct research projects, promote considering variations in time and space, gender Mobility, Housing, and Social Networks on individuals and societies in both sending and and family behaviours. focuses on the diversity of individual and collective methodological discussions. violence, and the emergence of new gendered receiving countries. Its research focuses on the trajectories within family and territorial dynamics. It norms over generations. Particular attention is paid Research Unit 6 studies residential mobility, specifically reasons for migrating, the practical modalities of Histoiry and populations analyses the interactions between family ties and Fertility, Families, and Couples to gender and sexual minorities. interactions between family, work, and residential migration, the integration of immigrant populations, residential ties forged over a lifetime to understand trajectories. It studies how a person’s mobility interacts and the problems of discrimination they encounter. Research Unit 11 covers three main fields: the how individuals, families, and larger groups are Research Unit 3 focuses on changes in marriage with family and housing situations over the life cycle The unit also studies minorities and the way in economic, social, political, and health histories anchored within a territory. It emphasizes people’s and the family in France and other developed by apprehending how it fits into the socioeconomic which they forge an identity in parallel with their of populations; paleodemography, to study multiple memberships as they relate to social and countries. Specifically, it tracks the spread of new context of a given period. To do this, we need to sociodemographic dynamics. early populations who left no written trace or to migration trajectories and interact with the political 52 53 THE RESEARCH UNITS THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES

systems to which they belong, and probes the Demography of Global South Populations Event History and Old Age and Ageing Group construction of the social, spatial, and cultural categories that structure societies in connection Multilevel Approach Group This group offers a space for meetings and Unit 15 works on the demographic dynamics with their histories and public policies. The unit’s discussions on research questions, strategies, and of Global South populations, what drives those multidisciplinary approach and variety of research Organized as a network, this group works to develop related methods, bringing together researchers, 1 dynamics, and the issues they raise. A primary 3 areas enables it to compare different forms of methods for more effectively analysing the interactive technicians, and doctoral students from different joint research unit research concern is the particular situation of 10 population dynamics within different cultural systems. processes and complex ties binding various events INED research units and departments. The aim is cross-disciplinary Africa, with projects focusing on particular research units in individual trajectories and to conceptualize and to foster critical comparison of experiences and research groups contexts or population categories to understand use intermediate categories in data collection and skills to move beyond participants’ geographic or Sexual and their internal dynamics, emergent behaviours, and analysis. Its activities are largely determined by the disciplinary specializations. barriers to change. International comparisons are Reproductive Health and Rights Groupe de réflexion sur l’approche biographique used to analyse current trends. At several sites (GRAB) working group, which brings together in Senegal, Mali, and Burkina Faso, the unit is This mixed unit developed from a partnership researchers from various French and foreign institutions 54 7 engaged in population monitoring projects; it also between INED, INSERM, the University of Paris- and a variety of disciplines, including demography, has a policy of forming partnerships with national researchers hosted Sud, and the University of Versailles-Saint-Quentin- geography, and sociology, and draws on the tenured statistics institutes and research centres in Africa. en-Yvelines. Its research focuses on sexuality, experience of 25 event history surveys conducted in researchers on secondment contraceptive practices, abortion, and the use France, Africa, and Latin America. of assisted reproduction technology. It covers the French Longitudinal Study of Children different dimensions of health (physical, mental, International Perspectives Group and social) as well as its gender-based dimensions, The ELFE joint research unit brings together research particularly in connection with gender relations and teams from INED, INSERM, and the French blood This research methodology group works to sexualities. Its researchers apply a multidisciplinary 62 agency. The aim is to track 18,300 children born stimulate comparisons between approaches approach drawing on demography, sociology, doctoral in metropolitan France in 2011 from birth until age applied in different contexts to study similar epidemiology, health economics, and clinical students and 335 20, to attain better understanding of how their research questions. Its primary activities are studies. Alongside traditional methods based on environments, family circle, and living conditions international and historical comparisons, and to postdocs collaborations between large general population surveys, research in 45 affect their development, health, socialization, and explore concepts and methods from different fields this unit uses complex administrative databases, INED researchers and academic trajectories. and disciplines. To this end, the group regularly associate including those of the French social security system academics or researchers organizes international scientific research days and and the greater Paris region public hospital system, from other institutions researchers supports training activities with foreign partners. now accessible to researchers. 54 55 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES PIONEERING METHODOLOGIES AND ACCESSIBLE DATA

Every year, INED conducts major surveys and shares the findings with public policymakers. The data collected are also made available to the scientific community. The Institute is the only French research establishment with its own survey department.

In addition to the secondary analysis of data from in the design process, including the ELFE survey children, victims of female genital mutilation, Developing innovative survey Promoting methodologies and survey data In addition, INED is fully involved in national and national or international bodies, INED produces conducted among children aged 10 in the pilot African villages surveyed at regular intervals, etc). collection methods international networks for the production and use original data through surveys. These surveys are cohort and another on learning levels among So many topics, all requiring innovative survey of quantitative data. Its research technicians are central to its research activity and help to improve first-year primary school (cours préparatoire, CP) techniques that could prove groundbreaking for INED is developing its policy of making survey data members of the MATE SHS (Methods, Analysis, our understanding of certain demographic children in the national cohort, the VIRAGE DOM public statistics. The Survey and Polling Department is constantly available to the scientific community, which is generating Fields, and Surveys in Human and Social Sciences) phenomena by producing national statistics, survey (violence and gender relations in overseas Another strong component of the Survey working on innovations in survey data collection hundreds of scientific publications each year, by both network run by the CNRS and French Statistics thereby meeting demands for information on the France), data collection for which continued all year Department’s activity in 2018 was supporting methods. In 2018, it was involved in the INSEE INED researchers and external researchers. Society (SFdS). They are involved in promoting and part of public authorities and/or civil society. in Réunion and the Antilles, the ENVIE survey on the use of recently collected survey data: further task force “GT aval” on multimode survey In 2018, 497 articles, chapters, or papers were providing expertise to these professional networks, Selecting and defining survey frames are long, the emotional life of young adults, the ART without calculation of weighting factors for the Homelessness methodologies and continued its work on “snowball” published based on an Institute survey. present papers at specialist conferences, and work on complex processes, and surveys may be carried borders survey on the use of assisted reproduction in Semi-rural Areas survey, supplementary to the surveys based on the My Neighbourhood, My The Survey Department continued its preparations various Master’s courses and PhD training networks. out in quite different ways. technologies abroad, and the second edition of INSEE/INED 2012 Homelessness survey; work Neighbours survey and through surveys currently to make data from the Fécond survey available, the Testament to the methodological excellence of INED’s the Trajectories and Origins survey conducted with on the VIRAGE survey; and continued analysis in preparation: the ART Without Borders project national survey on sexual and reproductive health in survey technicians is that, in 2018, the Head of the Developing and studying new topics INSEE (TeO2). and interpretation of qualitative interviews from the and the ChIPre project on Chinese migrants in France; data from the national “General Population” Survey Department was on the Scientific Committee The Survey Department’s expertise is crucial to corpus on singlehood for the EPIC project. Île-de-France. In addition to further improving component of this survey, conducted in 2010, are for the 10th Francophone Survey Conference, while INED’s Survey and Polling Department is involved the study of sensitive subjects, such as violence, survey coverage through a multilingual approach, now available via the Quetelet PROGEDO Diffusion a research technician from the Statistical Methods in the design and methodological preparation of sexuality, the end of life, etc. It is also vital for the Surveys Department is increasing the use of portal. It also became responsible for coordinating Department was on the organizing committee for many survey projects conducted by the Institute’s surveying populations in challenging situations cognitive interview techniques to test certain key the Generations and Gender Programme contextual and involved in workshop talks as part of the ANF various research units. (prisoners, homeless, illiterate, young adults who concepts in the field, as part of the ENVIE and database, previously managed by the MPIDR, which (National Training Campaign) on Data Visualization. In 2018, most of the Department’s activity was have been in care since childhood) or very specific Fécondité surveys. involves updating the indicators included in the database concentrated on 11 surveys either under way or populations (adoptive parents and adopted as well as implementing a new uploading tool. http://nesstar.ined.fr 56 57 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES

From design to final analysis: Big data processing controlling the entire survey process and data visualization DPO In April 2018, INED appointed a Data on the learning levels of children around the INTERVIEW INED’s Statistical Methods Department assists in All this expertise is applied to complex topics and age of 7. This new phase follows the one Protection Officer (DPO) as advised by the removing any technical difficulties associated with innovations. conducted in kindergartens (maternelle) in 2016 CNIL on the basis of the new European the use of existing data. In 2018, INED’s Statistical Methods Department and enables us to analyse how the child enters Stéphanie Condon, Researcher, - Which specific features of these Multilevel analysis, textual analysis, mapping— worked on various projects involving the processing Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). different learning areas, taking into account the Sandrine Dauphin, Project Director et territories required the questionnaire to INED researchers and research technicians are of administrative and health data, and data The DPO ensures the compliance of all living conditions, family structure, health, and Justine Dupuis, Statistician be adapted? trained to use a range of techniques, particularly visualization. It thereby contributed to the Big_Stat processing covered by the authorization development of the child. The objective is to gain a better for statistics. Their high level of competence is project on the use of big data from administrative system, primarily described by the law The second was conducted among the families understanding of the specific effects of widely disseminated through in-house and external sources in demographic research. The Statistical as “sensitive” processing, handles data of children aged 10–11 in the pilot survey. It local economic, social, and political seminars and training sessions. In 2018, 13 internal Methods Department also invested in the use of was done via a further telephone interview for - Why did you decide to conduct contexts on the incidence, experience, protection declarations and authorizations, training sessions and three meetings of the Applied health data, accessible by research organizations the parents and a home visit for the children, in a VIRAGE survey in the overseas and consequences of violence. These and adopts an advisory role within the Statistics Group were held at INED, while three via the National Health Data System. order to measure weight and height, observe a departments and regions of France? territories are marked by significant social sessions of the ‘R for Use in the Social Sciences’ Institute on these matters. few physical exercises, perform a respiratory The National Survey on Violence against inequalities, providing the opportunity to seminar were held at the EHESS. Training sessions Longitudinal surveys examination, and play memory and attention Women in France (ENVEFF) had already study the links between violence and social were also delivered through university courses involved in it, combining sociodemographic data games. Biological samples taken at home and been duplicated in Réunion in 2002 precarity. We therefore added questions (University of Picardy Jules Verne–Amiens, Aix- Following a group of people over time (studying (on the child, its two parents, the people with whom in the laboratory were also offered to families to and in Martinique in 2008. Faced with designed to explore the contradictory links Marseille University, University of Paris Descartes, them longitudinally) provides information that cannot the child spends the most time, etc.), medical data, enable the analysis of various biological markers a public perception of an increase in the between violence and religion in a strongly and University of Strasbourg), at national technical be obtained from a one-off survey. and biological samples (including dust collected of the children’s health or reveal certain pollutants. amount and severity of violence against religious context where diverse practices schools (ENSAI), and via continuing education The ELFE cohort study, a project designed by at home). women, local elected officials in overseas co-exist, the geographical proximity of the organizations (Genes-Cepe). INED, the French National Institute of Health and This ambitious project is funded by the Investments communities and other stakeholders in family, and even the role of migration (from In addition to its methodological training and Medical Research (INSERM), and the French Blood in the Future scheme. Like all INED surveys, it has the field called for a survey similar to metropolitan France, another overseas seminars, the Department has developed its Institute (EFS), is monitoring a cohort of children been examined in detail by the CNIL national data VIRAGE within their territories. The survey department, or neighbouring islands). support services for three major statistical software from their birth in 2011 until the age of 20. The protection authority. was therefore included in the fifth Plan to Furthermore, to help the respondents packages, SAS, Stata, and R, in which it has size, duration, and complexity of this longitudinal Two major surveys were conducted in 2018. Combat Violence against Women and answer, a glossary of terms in the various recognized expertise. study are exceptional, as is the diversity of the The first took place in first-year primary school also included Guadeloupe, for which we Creole languages was developed by the approximately 150 researchers and academics classes (cours préparatoire), to collect information will have data for the first time. local survey teams. 58 59 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES

• Alice Olivier, who studied male study choices In the 2017–2018 academic year, three students were THREE PRIZES FOR TWO THESES RESEARCH TRAINING and socializations in “female” higher education selected for funding and took training programmes at programmes; the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research THROUGH RESEARCH • Pauline Hervois, who studied the statistical in Rostock, Germany and at the University of South Juliette Galonnier and Emmanuel Beaubatie, recording of disabilities in 19th century France; Denmark in Odense, Denmark. postdocs at INED, each received a prize • Mona Claro, who studied gender, sexuality, and procreation during youth in Russia; and Postdoctoral contracts: a bridge between for their thesis in 2018. Juliette Galonnier, • John Tomkinson, who studied adolescent mothers who is now working at INED on the Global Each year, young researchers preparing their thesis or having or having in France, England, and Wales. PhD thesis and new research projects Race project (ANR), was awarded the recently defended it are hosted at INED on placements and participate prestigious Best Dissertation Award by the in the Institute’s work. There were more than 60 in 2018, from France www.ined.fr/en/research/PhD-students/pdh-students-list/ INED offers one- and two-year postdoctoral American Sociological Association for her and abroad. contracts to early career researchers (French and thesis “Choosing Faith and Facing Race: non-French) who have demonstrated their research Converting to Islam in France and the International mobility for students skills and presented a high-quality, original research project that also must fit into the research United States”, defended in 2017 as part INED supports the international mobility of PhD topics studied at the Institute. The contract is to of a double PhD in Sociology at Sciences INED invests heavily in research training Doctoral placements: Master of Demography programmes and related students through two channels. The first is the iPOPs enable them to complete their training and to Po and Northwestern University (Chicago). through research. Many of its researchers and disciplines, and most of the 10 French tenured Laboratory of Excellence mobility programme, provide them with a springboard for developing research technicians share their expertise with active support for tomorrow’s researchers professors with chairs in demography are associate which funds research stays of twos weeks to three their academic career. Emmanuel Beaubatie received two prizes for undergraduate, Master’s degree, and specialist researchers at INED. It is therefore quite natural that months in foreign host laboratories, either inside or As such, their main activity is to promote and his thesis on gender, health, and sexuality school students, and early career researchers are At the beginning of the 2018–2019 academic universities and graduate schools should turn to the outside Europe. These stays may involve fieldwork build upon their thesis and carry out the research in the experiences of transgender men and hosted by the Institute on placements each year. year, the Institute had 45 doctoral students on Institute to host their PhD students in demography. or integration into a research team. They may be project for which they were selected, with support women in France, defended at EHESS in All doctoral students are supervised or its staff. They all benefit from a stimulating work used to delve further into an aspect of the thesis as from and in collaboration with their INED host 2017, which provides a well-documented In 2018, eight doctoral students successfully part of a comparative study or a study focused on laboratory. Seventeen postdocs worked at INED co-supervised by an INED researcher, and the environment in which they can access training insight into the social and gender postdocs benefit from personalized mentoring and receive support from the research units they defended their dissertations: the host country or to prepare post-thesis projects. in 2018. determinants of sex-change trajectories. He from an INED researcher. The scientific life of early join based on the subject of their work. Doctoral • Maroussia Ferry, who studied the anthropology of In 2018, four iPOPs LabEx-affiliated students career researchers includes an annual doctoral day students are supervised by a researcher throughout the crisis in post-Soviet Georgia (1991–2015); were granted PhD mobility scholarships in Austria, was awarded the first prize in December organized by several volunteer doctoral students in the duration of their placement, which may cover • Amélie Grysole, who studied the transnational Canada, India, and Senegal for stays of one to 2018 by the Public Rights Defender, partnership with the Delegation for Doctoral Affairs all or part of their thesis-writing years. They are able strategies of Senegalese mothers’ in the United three months. Jacques Toubon, and the second was the and by monthly two-hour workshops that allow to present the progress of their research through States, Italy, and France; The second channel derives from INED’s 2018 award for best thesis from the GIS young researchers to present their work informally, seminars or at the INED Mondays sessions. • Marthe Nicolet, who studied representations of partnership with the European Doctoral School Gender Institute. He is currently working accompanied by three INED researchers at the Although INED does not confer degrees, it is ageing and death in the daily press, comparing in Demography: students with a Master’s 2 under a postdoctoral contract at INED beginning of their careers. part of a doctoral training network together with Geneva and Valais; degree (research emphasis) enrolled in their first the universities of Bordeaux IV, Paris I Panthéon- • Antoine Saillard, who studied the management of year of PhD training follow a one-year intensive and is involved with the “Homosexuality: Sorbonne, Paris Descartes, Paris Nanterre, and the subnational and international migrant flows in the programme in population science taught in English Knowledge and Methods” project. IRD. Approximately 15 INED researchers teach in second half of the 19th century; at one of the network’s member institutions. 60 61 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES INED AND THE CAMPUS CONDORCET

Campus Condorcet will soon be bringing together prominent human and social sciences research teams and will heighten the influence of French research worldwide by promoting the circulation of ideas and people. INED’s new headquarters will be based there after its move in December 2019.

As research becomes global, major scientific and social sciences. It will also form a French, from the other member institutions subject to the 2018: the project becomes a reality Derkaoui, Mayor of Aubervilliers; Marie-Christine programmes more competitive, and with European, and international hub of human and necessary contracts. Preparatory work has also Lemardeley, Deputy Mayor of Paris in charge of increasing demand for human and social sciences social sciences graduate schools. been carried out for interior design of the future higher education; and Hughes Fourmentraux, expertise that will guide decision-makers and help workspaces and communal areas, including the In 2018, the Campus truly rose from the ground. President of Vinci Construction France. the general public understand the world better, the INED’s new headquarters selection of furniture. The structural works on the buildings for the INED 11 founding members of Campus Condorcet— Meanwhile, actions have been taken to make headquarters, Conference Centre, Researchers’ also known as the City of Human and Social INED’s new headquarters will be part of the staff aware of the importance of keeping their Halls of Residence, South Research Building, and Sciences—aim to respond collectively to the Aubervilliers international research and training documents in order, following the presentation of Projects Centre were completed by the end of the educational, scientific, and digital challenges of hub located at the terminus of the Paris metro’s Line the Archive and Documentation Relocation working summer, giving way to secondary work. This new the 21st century. 12. The seven-storey building will be positioned group’s recommendations in April 2018 and the phase involves insulating the buildings by installing Constructed on two sites—Aubervilliers and Paris, at the centre of the Cours des Humanités, the production of a guide to help staff members with doors, windows, and roofs to allow the internal Porte de la Chapelle—the Campus will occupy Campus’s north–south axis. Traffic there will be this process. work to commence. Works on the library (GED) 7.4 hectares and will ultimately accommodate limited to pedestrians and bicycles. Lastly, staff from the IT, documentation, and general began during the summer, and the first concrete 18,000 people: 8,100 students, 4,800 PhD INED’s teams have been preparing for the move secretariat (facilities, logistics, and health and was poured in November. students (many from outside France), 4,200 throughout 2018. In addition to monitoring safety) departments, and from the international The foundation stone for the Campus was laid on “We are not just building walls, but a teaching researchers, 900 administrative staff, the progress of the construction site alongside relations and partnerships management team, have 23 April 2018 in the presence of Frédérique Vidal, campus for the future of French human and 100 research units. The quality and diversity Campus Condorcet and Séréndicité, INED has been actively involved in various working groups the Minister for Higher Education, Research, and and social sciences.” of its scientific workforce will generate top-level managed the project for its staff restaurant, which run by the Campus (document management, Innovation; Valérie Pécresse, President of the Île-de- France Region; Patrick Braouezec, President of Plaine Frédérique Vidal, Minister for Higher Education, Research, and European- and international-scale research groups will serve up to 400 diners each day and will campus life, digital, etc. Innovation. in four main areas: historical, textual, territorial, be open to researchers and administrative staff Commune; Anne Hidalgo, Mayor of Paris; Mériem 62 63 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES PARTNERSHIPS AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

INED is heavily invested in forming partnerships in France and abroad. Laboratories and research infrastructures of excellence, partnerships with higher education institutions, secondment hosting, researcher mobility, and responses to national and European calls for project proposals are all means by which the Institute consolidates its premium position in international population sciences research.

The Institute is involved in multiple national and Partnerships of excellence funded by Its purpose is to account for and interpret societal research of young iPOPs network researchers at • Methodological training for social science are aimed at doctoral students from all French international projects and is a partner in most of changes to better apprehend future developments. national and international levels and at helping to research organized at the initiative of the IFRA, universities, with applications also open to foreign the wide-ranging European population sciences the Investments in the Future programme Its scientific policy is to: disseminate the results of scientific research: 16–23 July in Kenya; PhD students and, subject to availability, to th initiatives. Each year, it hosts a number of • support the development of partnerships • iPOPs/University of Thessaly, “The current • 20 International AIDELF Symposium/44th postdocs, early career researchers, and Master’s researchers from around the world, facilitates its INED runs one laboratory of excellence (LabEx) between research laboratories and educational crisis in Southern Europe: Consequences on Quetelet Chair, 28–31 August in Louvain-la- 2-Research students. own researchers’ mobility, and is active within and is a key partner in another as well as in two institutions specialized in population sciences in demographic trends and social policies”, 2–3 Neuve, Belgium; The aim is to offer holders of a Master’s 2-Research th international networks. research infrastructures of excellence (ÉquipEx). France and abroad; February in Athens, Greece; • 10 Chilean Pré-Alas sociology conference, degree the opportunity to acquire European or To coordinate all these operations, INED has a These four core projects are funded by the • improve student and early career researcher • International Symposium on Longevity, “Through “Sociología sin fronteras”, 11–14 December in international-level technical training that can be Department of International Relations and Partnerships French Investments in the Future programme and training in demography and the population comparison between France and Japan, the Iquique (Chile). used directly in their thesis work. The training (DRIP) that helps researchers to respond to French have endowed population science research with sciences as a whole; two top runners of longevity”, 1–2 February in programmes are intensive, two-to-five day modules. and European calls for grant proposals and, more powerful new instruments. • ensure the quality, transfer, and promotion of Tokyo, Japan; www.ipops.fr/en The sessions are recognized by graduate research generally, to obtain external funding for research research studies and findings, notably through • Big_Stat summer school, “Doctoral training for schools under the European Credit Transfer System, projects, set up new scientific partnerships, and participation in and support for scientific demography”, organized as part of the Big_Stat based on the rules that vary from one doctoral host colleagues from abroad. DRIP is a department IPOPS LABORATORY OF EXCELLENCE conferences and seminars; and ANR project, June, in Strasbourg, France; LPhD TRAINING IN DEMOGRAPHY school to another. entirely devoted to researchers and to supporting and • engage in strategic thinking on how to develop • “Religion and Social Classes” conference, 5–6 THROUGH THE IPOPS LABEX In 2018, eight training courses were held between guiding them through all aspects of project design and The iPOPs LabEx—Individuals, Populations, partnerships with the economic sector. February in Paris, France; January and December 2018, including two new submission. It also coordinates the implementation Societies—is run by INED in partnership with the • Workshop and Conference on Formal This training is open primarily to PhD candidates ones. This schedule enabled the inclusion of new of INED’s policy on European and international Campus Condorcet and the Universities of Paris In 2018, the iPOPs LabEx provided both financial Demography, Special Emphasis Topic – in the field of demography and to those from topics, including data mapping and visualization, activities, and strengthens and structures partnerships I Panthéon-Sorbonne, Bordeaux, Paris Nanterre, and logistic support for eight scientific conferences Mortality, Alumni House, University of California, other disciplines whose thesis subject includes a tools that doctoral students often find useful when within France, across Europe, and internationally. Strasbourg, and Paris Descartes. and seminars aimed at promoting the scientific 4–8 June in Berkeley, United States; demographic component. The training courses they come to write their thesis and will continue 64 65 PARTNERSHIPS AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES

to employ in their professional career for putting in the Regional Science of Urban Economics was created to endow France with a new structure tracking children born prematurely in 2011. This THE CONVERGENCES INSTITUTE information into perspective. workshop from time to time. for collecting, augmenting, and diffusing human project, which INED runs jointly with INSERM and FOR MIGRATIONS As an extension of the OSE LabEx, INED has and social sciences research data. Steered by the French blood agency, obtained funding from ipops.fr/en/recruitment_training/resodemo/ chosen to associate its Economic Demography Science Po’s Center for Socio-political Data (CDSP), the Investments in the Future programme for the INED is a partner of the Convergences Institute (IC) unit with the project put forward by the Paris its resources enable researchers to produce or reuse 2012–2019 period. for Migrations, launched in 2018 with the aim Graduate School of Economics (PGSE), winner data of great methodological rigour and quality. In 2018, data from the “At home, aged 3 and of integrating and organizing research work on THE OSE [“DARE”] LABORATORY OF of the PIA3 funding for graduate research schools INED is particularly implicated in the quantitative a half” survey were made available via the ELFE migration. François Héran, former Chair at INED EXCELLENCE: OPENING UP ECONOMICS (EUR). This project is based on the experience aspect via the ELIPSS (Longitudinal Internet Study for data access platform and 22 research projects and now a professor at the Collège de France, is the acquired through the LabEx and aims to develop Human and Social Sciences) panel: the Institute’s were launched using data from the cohort: 13 on Scientific Director. Patrick Simon, Research Director Run by the Paris School of Economics (PSE), a world-class degree course in economics and to Survey and Polling Department is active in the a social science topic, six health-related, and three at INED, is the director of one of the four subject the OSE LabEx has three activities: teaching, extend interaction with other disciplines, while fully recruitment and management of the panel, which on connections between health and environment. departments, and many INED researchers have been research, and research diffusion and promotion. involving the founding institutions, laboratories, includes more than 3,100 individuals equipped Two ELFE surveys were conducted in Spring 2018 selected as fellows of the IC Migrations, enabling the Several workshops are organized every year and partners of the PSE and OSE. This project with a touchscreen tablet, who respond to a (cf. pp. 58–59) and new findings—including development of collaborative research projects. to take stock of existing research on particular has strengthened ties between PSE and INED 30-minute survey each month. INED demographers on the environment of mothers and children, on themes, determine the boundaries of that research, during 2018: the Institute is associated with the were involved in the design of one of the nine the use of screens in young children, and on icmigrations.fr/ and collectively imagine means of pushing them “Labour and Public Economics” topic group and is data collection operations conducted in 2018, socioeconomic gradients in language and motor back with new approaches, methods, and data. represented on the EUR steering committee, while the Knowledge and Perception of Demographic skills at 2 years–were presented at the second ELFE In 2018, INED was involved with and helped members of its Economic Demography unit have Issues survey. cohort scientific day held in Paris in September. THE REDPOP GRADUATE RESEARCH SCHOOL organize some of these, including a research provided teaching for Master’s and PhD students. In addition, the French Council of State issued a initiative aims to “increase international impact day on the socioeconomic challenges of loss of dime-shs.sciencespo.fr/en/ decree permitting data from the ELFE and Epipage Run jointly by the University of Paris 1 Panthéon- and appeal…in one or more scientific fields by autonomy and the Meetings at Aussois (Rencontres opening-economics.com 2 cohorts to be matched with data from the French Sorbonne and INED and involving six universities, offering Master’s and PhD courses supported by d’Aussois). Likewise, members of the Economic national health insurance databases (SNIIRAM); eight graduate schools and 10 research units, one or more top-level research laboratories”. The Demography unit were involved in the scientific THE RECONAI ÉQUIPEX in order to do this, INED signed a contract with the REDPOP project (Graduate School Network purpose is to encourage the development of the life of the “Labour and Public Economics” topic THE DIME-SHS RESEARCH INFRASTRUCTURE INSERM, the CNAM (National Health Insurance in Demography and Population Sciences) is the Graduate School model in France by bringing group and, more generally, with scientific activity OF EXCELLENCE (ÉquipEx) The ReCoNai ÉquipEx, coordinated by INED, is Fund), and the CNAV (National Pension Fund). only network-based Graduate Research School universities and research organizations together at PSE. They took part in two seminars each designed to set up an infrastructure that will enable (EUR) among the 29 recipients of this first phase and improving connections with economic actors. week—the Labour and Public Economics Seminar The Dime-SHS ÉquipEx (data, infrastructures, and researchers to collect, stock, and diffuse data from of Investment in the Future (PIA) funding. Managed This model aims to boost the research approach and the Lunch Seminar—and were also involved survey methods in the human and social sciences) the ELFE and Epipage 2 cohort studies, the latter by the French Research Agency (ANR), the EUR within Master’s degree level courses and above, 66 67 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES

and to make courses more internationally excellence at the University of Bordeaux. INED As part of the iPOPs LabEx, INED also hosts (ANR), public bodies, industry, and European comprehensible by creating a continuum between also has long-standing ties with the University teaching researchers on secondment from several Union programmes. Master’s, PhD, and professional integration. of Strasbourg, with which it has developed LabEx partner universities in order to increase To obtain funding for a research project, there are expertise on France’s overseas departments the number of thesis supervisors familiar with two options: respond to calls for projects that fund https://redpop.site.ined.fr/en/ and territories. This existing arrangement and Institute structures and research studies and bring the most ambitious programmes, or request ad hoc the need to continue increasing knowledge on together graduate research schools interested in funding from potential backers. INTERVIEW these parts of the country constitute a favourable population questions. INED has a department dedicated to assisting Institutional partnerships environment for establishing partnerships with Hosted academics are relieved either partly or researchers throughout the process of applying for France’s overseas universities, developing the entirely of their teaching duties during their stay, research contracts, from monitoring calls for project demographic sciences there, and granting them leaving them free to conduct research or prepare proposals and identifying the most relevant ones, INED regularly signs framework agreements with an active role in conducting local fieldwork. for an accreditation to supervise research. Since to designing and organizing projects, final project - What does this partnership involve? other organizations and institutions to formalize the LabEx was created, INED has hosted 33 management, and contract negotiation. The partnership consists of two implementing commitments relating to research, training, and Mobility and hosting on secondment teaching researchers on secondment for periods In 2018, six projects were submitted in response Éva Lelièvre, Research Director, agreements to conduct the Feti’i e Fenua—Family scientific development. These agreements establish of either six or 12 months. to European calls for proposals; one was selected, in French Polynesia survey and the School and the basis for the collaboration and its scientific INED also supports mobility for its own and three are being evaluated. Five projects were Loïc Trabut, Researcher Me survey. Since January 2019, these two objectives. Every year, the Institute hosts many researchers researchers. In 2018, three researchers and four submitted for ANR funding, and three projects were surveys have been supported by an ANR-funded In 2018, INED signed new framework agreements from abroad for two weeks to three months and, in PhD students were granted funding for stays in successful. Likewise, ad hoc funding was obtained research project entitled Archipelagos, Territories, with three research centres: The French Polynesian some cases, a sabbatical year. Austria, Canada, the Comoro Islands, Spain, from two sources for the Institute for Longevity, - How did the collaboration between and Family Mobility (ATOLLs), which focuses on Institute of Statistics, the Hungarian Demographic Under this arrangement, any INED researcher India, and Senegal. Ageing, and the Situations of Older Persons (ILVV) INED and the French Polynesian Institute the territorial organization of Polynesian families, Research Institute, and the Ouagadougou can invite one or several foreign researchers and the Trajectories and Origins 2 survey. of Statistics come about? particularly where separated by distance, Population Science Institute in Burkina Faso. or PhD students to INED over the course of the Calls for project proposals and As a major player in demographic research Links between the two institutes were initially and the impact of public measures on mobility At the national level, INED strengthened its ties year. In 2018, 54 researchers were hosted in Europe, INED encourages its researchers to established in 2016, when we collaborated on trajectories. Its objective is to assess how the with higher education institutions. In addition at INED, including 24 foreign PhD students European connections answer European calls for project proposals and the use of data from the latest French Polynesian implementation of public services in the fields to its partnership with the university consortium and four postdocs. In addition, 29 researchers supports those who apply for European Research censuses and on the possibility of conducting of education, health, transport, and economic Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), the received funding from the DEMOSTAF project to Council grants. In 2018, INED continued as ever INED’s research studies are partly funded by its a Family survey in 2017. The partnership development areas affects population dynamics Institute works with universities through its iPOPs participate in an internal seminar at INED and to answer European calls for projects, submitting own budget. Other grants come from funding agreement signed in May 2018 was the logical and to understand the challenges posed by LabEx, which funds a mixed INED–University of the four DEMOSTAF workshops in November and six proposals, of which one was selected: the agencies, such as the French Research Agency result of these discussions. insularity. Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne chair, and a chair of December 2018. DICE Open Research Area. 68 69 THE FRENCH INSTITUTE FOR DEMOGRAPHIC STUDIES INED’S SOCIETAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL COMMITMENT

Many INED researchers are studying the impact of climate change on populations, the evolution of gender relations in society, and inequalities and discrimination in companies. In its internal operations too, the Institute is focused on these crucial issues of gender equality, global warming, and solidarity.

Reducing INED’s environmental impact and By signing these charters, INED undertakes to • ensure that staff are not put at a disadvantage, maintain the outdoor green spaces. These workers tenders, launched in 2018, included sustainable improving its social impact are a priority for every incorporate gender equality into all projects, in terms of their career, due to maternity (or with disabilities are also called upon for other development criteria (labelling, short supply personnel member. For several years, concrete to ensure mutual respect between the sexes, to other situations: single-parent families, disabled more skilled tasks, such as painting. chains, food waste management, etc.). measures and actions have been taken by the combat stereotypes and all forms of discrimination, children, etc.), and, in particular, that the Likewise, particular attention has been paid to Institute to make a greater commitment to the public to publish an annual gender-based statistical consequences of maternity on the career Voluntary environmental policy waste recycling. In 2018, paper and cardboard interest and sustainable development. report on all aspects of the Institute’s operation, development of female teaching researchers are recycling bins were placed on each floor, and and to organize awareness seminars on gender taken into account; and 18 tonnes of waste were recycled. Other specific Commitment to gender equality equality issues. • widely disseminate information to staff and INED has adopted a more responsible waste bins are also available to all staff: collection department management on the rights of purchasing policy that incorporates the regulatory of light bulbs, batteries, telephones, electrical and With regards to staff, the Institute endeavours to: harassment victims and the assistance they can recommendations on sustainable development electronic devices, printer ink cartridges, and other In terms of social commitment, INED has signed • promote the proportional representation of receive. into the development of its specifications. When computer products. the code of ethics for research professions and women and men in all its bodies, at all levels, defining purchasing needs or selecting suppliers, the charter for equality between women and men and for all categories, and strive for parity; Support for people with disabilities requirements or criteria relating to the environmental in higher education and research institutions. An • encourage staff of all categories to participate in impact of the contract are systematically take into equality adviser has been appointed within the gender equality awareness or training activities; INED is working to combat the exclusion or account. Companies working with or for INED must Institute. This person provides a link between the • inform the staff concerned and all department/ discrimination of people with disabilities. It provide as much evidence as possible that they are institution and the administrative authorities on unit management of each individual’s rights and employs people from an assistance-through-work using eco-responsible tools and consumables and gender equality and monitors best practices in duties in terms of maternity or paternity leave, service (ESAT), who come to the premises on a using environmentally friendly modes of delivery. this area. parental leave, and part-time work; weekly basis to water the indoor plants and For example, the most recent catering call for 70 71 Governing Bodies Committees

BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION ETHICS COMMITTEE CHAIR: JEAN-RICHARD CYTERMANN EDITORIAL BOARDS INED COLLECTIONS ALAIN BLUM , ÉVA LELIÈVRE SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL POPULATION CHAIR: LAURA BERNARDI DIRECTOR ALINE DESESQUELLES, OLIVIA SAMUEL, MAGDA TOMASINI ANNE SOLAZ POPULATION & SOCIETIES EVALUATION COMMITTEE GILLES PISON CHAIR: PATRICK HEUVELINE WEB SITE XAVIER THIERRY

SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY ADVISER HENRI LÉRIDON

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS APPENDICES AND PARTNERSHIPS DEPUTY DIRECTOR FOR RESEARCH GENERAL SECRETARY COMMUNICATIONS WILLIAM MOLMY ARIANE PAILHÉ MURIEL POCHARD MATHILDE CHARPENTIER

RESEARCH SUPPORT RESEARCH TEAMS SUPPORT SERVICE SERVICES Fertility, Families, and Couples Doctoral and Postdoctoral Affairs Management Control Library, Documentation, and Archives Arnaud Régnier-Loilier Michel Guillot Alice Nguyen Dominique Diguet and Catherine Sluse Gender, Sexuality, and Inequalities Scientific Activity Analysis and Monitoring Budget Publications Michel Bozon, Stéphanie Condon (MASAS) N. Wanda Romanowski Mortality, Health, and Epidemiology Bénédicte Garnier, Sophie Pennec Legal Surveys and Polling Carlo-Giovanni Camarda, Aline Désesquelles INED Mondays Seminar Nancy Grynszpan Gwennaëlle Brilhault Mobility, Housing, and Social Networks Milan Bouchet-Valat, Ognjen Obucina Facilities, Logistics, Health and Safety IT and Information Systems Joanie Cayouette-Remblière, Anne Lambert David Chaussé Yann Périn International Migrations and Minorities Human Resources Statistical Methods Cris Beauchemin Yvan Pavis Arnaud Bringé Economic Demography Benoît Rapoport, Delphine Remillon History and Populations DPO / PRADA Lionel Kesztenbaum, Christine Théré Nancy Grynszpan Trajectories and Territories France Guérin-Pace Demography of Global South Populations ACCOUNTS Géraldine Duthé, Valérie Golaz Sonia Soares Joint Research Unit INED–INSERM–EFS: ELFE Marie-Aline Charles, Bertrand Geay ERL INED–INSERM–PARIS Xl–UVSQ: ORGANIZATION CHART P. 73 Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights GOVERNANCE AND ORGANIZATION P. 74 Élise de La Rochebrochard, Virginie Ringa Life Event History and Multilevel Analysis ORGANIZATION CHART Research Group INED IN FIGURES P. 76 Éva Lelièvre International Perspectives Research Group AS OF 31 MAY 2019 FOLLOW INED’S NEWS AND EVENTS P. 78 Lidia Panico, Virginie Rozée 72 Old Age and Ageing Research Group 73 Carole Bonnet, Emmanuelle Cambois APPENDICES

SCIENTIFIC COUNCIL as of 31 May 2019 Representatives of users of the Institute’s work • Séverine Gojard, Research Director, National GOVERNANCE AND ORGANIZATION • Pascale Breuil-Genier, Director, Statistics, Institute of Agricultural Research (INRA) The Scientific Council evaluates INED’s scientific Prospective Studies, and Research, National • Arnaud Lefranc, Professor of Economics, University orientations and issues a consultative opinion on Pension Fund (CNAV) of Cergy-Pontoise the Institute’s policies and any other matter related • Céline Marc, Secretary-General, High Council on to scientific activities, as well as on the profiles of the Family Elected members applicants for researcher positions. It is made up of • Hélène Michaudon, Head of Office of Statistical • Fabrice Cahen (SNTRS–CGT) four groups of members. Studies on Students, Directorate of Evaluation, • Emmanuelle Cambois (CFDT) Prospective Studies, and Performance (DEPP), • Anne Lambert (SNTRS–CGT) BOARD OF ADMINISTRATION as of 31 May 2019 Contracts at the Directorate-General for Research Representatives of users of INED research (unions, Appointed members Ministry of National Education • France Meslé (CFDT) and Innovation, Ministry of Higher Education, professional organizations, and associations) Chair: Laura Bernardi, Professor of Sociology and • Julie Micheau, Scientific Director, Independent- • Delphine Remillon (CFDT) In addition to approving the INED budget, the Board Research, and Innovation • Valérie Lamoot, Confederal Adviser, Organization Demography, University of Lausanne, Switzerland. Living Support Fund (CNSA) • Laurent Toulemon (CFDT) of Administration ensures that the Institute’s activities • Pierre-Antoine Molina, Director-General of and Development Centre for Union Activities, Individuals from outside the Institute chosen for their are consistent with the two documents prepared Foreigners in France, Ministry of the Interior General Confederation of Labour (CGT) expertise in population studies and related disciplines Members elected by INED staff by the supervisory authorities and approved by • Jean-Baptiste Herbet (alternate), Assistant Head, • Anne Lavigne, Head of Studies at the Advisory • Patrick Gerland, Vice Chair of the Council, Head, • Arianna Caporali (CFDT support) ETHICS COMMITTEE as of 31 May 2019 INED: the strategic orientations and the contract on Statistics, Studies and Documentation, Ministry of Council on Pensions (COR) Population Projections Division, United Nations • Mathieu Ichou (CFDT support) objectives. The Board is also consulted on strategy the Interior • Guillemette Leneveu, Director-General, National • Marc Bessin, Research Director, CNRS • Sophie Lecoeur (CFDT support) INED staff members issues concerning the Institute. • Isabelle Kabla-Langlois, Assistant Head, Information Union of Family Associations (UNAF) • Anastasia Jessica Gage, Doctor of Philosophy, • Marion Leturcq (CFDT support) • Gil Bellis, Senior Researcher and Statistics Systems, DGESIP, Ministry of Higher • Denis Raynaud, Director, Institute for Research and Demography, University of Pennsylvania • Efi Markou (SNTRS–CGT) • Michel Bozon, Research Director De jure members Education, Research, and Innovation Documentation in Health Economics (Gip-IRDES) • Agnès Gramain, Professor of Economics, University • Sophie Lecoeur, Research Director Chair: Jean-Richard Cytermann • Marc Filser (alternate), Scientific Adviser, DGESIP, of Paris I • Claude-Valentin Marie, Adviser on International • Jean-Marc Aubert, Director of Research, Studies, Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and Members selected for their expertise in population • Cheikh Seydil Moctar Mbacké, Senior Fellow, EVALUATION COMMITTEE as of 31 May 2019 and Overseas Migration Evaluation, and Statistics (DREES), Ministry of Innovation studies and related disciplines Applied Economics and Finance Research Centre • Sophie Pennec, Research Director Social Affairs and Health • Jean-Luc Tavernier, Director-General, National • Thomas Barnay, Professor, University of Paris-Est, (CREFAT) at the University of Thiès INED’s Evaluation Committee, composed of equal • Xavier Thierry, Senior Researcher • Lucile Olier (alternate member), Head of Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE) Créteil • Gwenn Menvielle, Researcher, INSERM numbers of external and internal experts, evaluates Department, Assistant Director of DREES, Ministry • Sylvie Lagarde (alternate), Director, Methodology • Virginie de Luca Barrusse, Director, Demography • Ettore Recchi, Professor of Sociology, Sciences Po researchers and screens researcher candidates for Outside members of Social Affairs and Health and Statistical and International Coordination, Institute, University of Paris I Panthéon-Sorbonne recruitment and promotion. • Janine Barbot, Researcher, INSERM • N..., Assistant Director of Sub-Directorate for INSEE and Director of CRIDUP Representatives of research or study organizations • Hélène Bretin, Associate Professor, University of Overviews, Economic Studies, and Evaluation, • Jean-Philippe Vinquant, Director-General for Social • Jean-François Giret, Professor of Educational • Patrick Aubert, Assistant Director, Observatory of Appointed members Paris 13 Ministry of Social Affairs and Health Cohesion, Interministerial Delegate for Families, Science and Director of the Institute for Research on Solidarity, DREES Chair: Patrick Hueveline, Professor of Sociology, • Jean-Pierre Le Gléau, Inspector-General, INSEE • Valérie Ulrich (alternate), Head of Research Mission, Ministry of Social Affairs and Health Education, University of Burgundy • Frédérique Chave, Editorial Manager, Research International Institute, University of California, Los • Séverine Mathieu, Research Director, École Pratique Ministry of Social Affairs and Health • Isabelle Grimault (alternate), Assistant Director for and Statistics, Statistics, Studies and Research Angeles (UCLA) des Hautes Études • Jacques Dubucs, Scientific Director, Humanities and Childhood and the Family, Interministerial Delegate Staff representatives Division, National Family Allowance Fund (CNAF) • Philippe Bocquier, Professor, Demography Research • Mireille Razafindrakoto, Researcher, IRD Social Sciences, Directorate-General for Research for Families, Directorate-General for Social • Isabelle Attané (SNTRS–CGT) • Thibaut de Saint Pol, Director, National Institute for Centre, Catholic University of Louvain (UCL) • Claudine Sauvain-Dugerdil, Professor, University of and Innovation, Ministry of Higher Education, Cohesion, Ministry of Social Affairs and Health • Catherine Guével (CFDT) Youth and Popular Education (INJEP) • Jean-Michel Decroly, Professor, Free University of Geneva Research, and Innovation • Yann Périn (SNTRS–CGT) • Sylvie Le Minez, Head of Unit, Demographic and Brussels (ULB) • Damien Rousset (alternate), Assistant Head of • Loïc Trabut (SUD) Social Studies, Directorate of Demographic and • Arlette Gautier, Professor, University of Western Performance, Funding, and Research Organization • Karine Wigdorowicz (CFDT) Social Statistics, INSEE Brittany 74 75 APPENDICES INED IN FIGURES 250 33 54 45 45 21.1 94 12 590 30 STAFF MEMBERS CORE PROJECTS TENURED ASSOCIATE PHD STUDENTS MILLION EUROS PERMANENT SURVEYS IN SCIENTIFIC RESPONSES RESEARCHERS RESEARCHERS HOSTED AND OF EXPENDITURE ADMINISTRATIVE PROGRESS IN PUBLICATIONS TO CALLS 8 THESES BUDGET STAFF AND 2018 AND PAPERS FOR PROJECT DEFENDED IMPLEMENTED TECHNICIANS PROPOSALS 335 17 54 10 3 5 2 2 2 1 COLLABORATIONS RESEARCH UNITS between INED POSTDOCTORAL FOREIGN CROSS- RESEARCH LABEX : EQUIPEX : EUR : CONVERGENCES researchers and RESEARCHERS RESEARCHERS AND 1 JOINT DISCIPLINARY SUPPORT iPOPs AND OSE DIME-SHS AND REDPOP AND INSTITUTE FOR academics or RESEARCH UNIT researchers from HOSTED HOSTED RESEARCH SERVICES RE-CO-NAI PGSE MIGRATIONS other institutions, GROUPS 40% with foreign institutions

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