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Chapter-8. Capacity and Development Potential of the Ports

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Chapter-8. Capacity and Development Potential of the Ports THE STUDY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREATER JAKARTA METROPOLITAN PORTS –FINAL REPORT (VOL.II)– CHAPTER-8 CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF THE PORTS CHAPTER-8. CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF THE PORTS 205. In this chapter, the capacity of the major commercial ports on the northern coast of western Java, i.e., Tanjung Priok, Banten including Ciwandan and Merakmas, and Cirebon, their capacities are evaluated based on the present ship navigation and cargo handling in the ports, inland transport around the ports, and the surrounding environment. 8-A. PORT CAPACITY 8-A-1 Off Shore Capacity (Navigational Capacity) of Tanjung Priok 206. As described in previous chapter, the ship navigational/maneuvering water area is very limited within the port area. Main channel is just for one-way traffic and is overlapped with the ship’s turning basin. Each mooring basin is too narrow to secure safe and smooth berthing. Moreover, the port itself has only one entrance gate. Ship traffic has become severely congested recently and the port’s capacity to accommodate increasing ship calls and larger-seized vessels seems to be limited. 207. Therefore, it is important to determine the port capacity from navigational point of view. In other words, how many ships are able to enter the port with the existing water area condition? In some cases, the port entrance capacity is more critical than the quay side capacity. 1) Condition of Navigational Capacity Estimate 208. The Study team has acquired the latest pilot data, August, October and November 2002, and analyzed effective 85 days’ data. Total records of ship movement are 7,037 and there are 6,742 records excluding berth shifting movements. The outline of the data is as follows: Movements Movements per day In Out Shift Total In Out Shift Total JICT-I 242 253 18 513 2.8 3.0 0.2 6.0 JICT-II 106 91 197 1.2 1.1 - 2.3 Koja 160 156 2 318 1.9 1.8 0.0 3.7 MTI 110 113 4 227 1.3 1.3 0.0 2.7 N-CT 2,717 2,794 271 5,782 32.0 32.9 3.2 68.0 Total 3,335 3,407 295 7,037 39.2 40.1 3.5 82.8 47.4% 48.4% 4.2% 100.0% a) Average In/Out Ship Movements per Day (Excluding Movements of Berth Shift) 209. Average daily in/out ship movements excluding berth shift movements is around 80 movements as shown in Figure 8-A-1. The maximum number of movements reaches around 100. 51 THE STUDY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREATER JAKARTA METROPOLITAN PORTS –FINAL REPORT (VOL.II)– CHAPTER-8 CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF THE PORTS 120 Aug. Oct. Sep. 100 80 60 40 Movements per day per Movements 20 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 Figure 8-A-1 Average In/Out Ship Movements per Day (Excluding Berth Shift) b) Hourly In/Out Ship Movements and Their Interval 210. The next Figure 8-A-2 shows number of hourly in/out ship movements. In general, in the morning and evening enjoy high density of ship movements, while in night there few. Average number of movements of all kinds of ship reaches almost 5, which means interval of ship movements is around 12 minutes. All Ship 6.00 Container Terminal Ship Non-Container Terminal Ship 5.00 4.00 3.00 2.00 Average Movements 1.00 0.00 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Time Figure 8-A-2 Hourly In/Out Ship Movement 211. The Table 8-A-1 shows number of hourly in/out ship movements. In general, in the morning and evening enjoy high density of ship movements, while in night there few. Average number of movements 52 THE STUDY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREATER JAKARTA METROPOLITAN PORTS –FINAL REPORT (VOL.II)– CHAPTER-8 CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF THE PORTS Table 8-A-1 Interval of Ship Movements by Berthing Place Minites Container Terminal Time JICT & N-CT Total MTI Sub Total Koja 0:00~ 188.9 5,100.0 182.1 53.7 41.5 1:00~ 145.7 1,700.0 134.2 56.7 39.8 2:00~ 164.5 1,700.0 150.0 51.0 38.1 3:00~ 127.5 1,275.0 115.9 82.3 48.1 4:00~ 113.3 5,100.0 110.9 64.6 40.8 5:00~ 102.0 728.6 89.5 42.5 28.8 6:00~ 115.9 196.2 72.9 17.0 13.8 7:00~ 115.9 242.9 78.5 13.5 11.5 8:00~ 188.9 364.3 124.4 15.9 14.1 9:00~ 196.2 728.6 154.5 16.9 15.2 10:00~ 170.0 425.0 121.4 17.3 15.1 11:00~ 137.8 392.3 102.0 17.6 15.0 12:00~ 100.0 510.0 83.6 19.8 16.0 13:00~ 89.5 850.0 81.0 17.7 14.5 14:00~ 121.4 463.6 96.2 16.0 13.7 15:00~ 118.6 425.0 92.7 14.6 12.6 16:00~ 104.1 566.7 87.9 13.9 12.0 17:00~ 86.4 392.3 70.8 14.3 11.9 18:00~ 137.8 425.0 104.1 21.0 17.5 19:00~ 141.7 637.5 115.9 22.2 18.6 20:00~ 137.8 1,275.0 124.4 27.9 22.8 21:00~ 87.9 850.0 79.7 26.4 19.8 22:00~ 94.4 463.6 78.5 32.5 23.0 23:00~ 104.1 566.7 87.9 37.0 26.0 c) Frequency of In/Out Change and Sequential Number of Ships Entering/Going out at One Time 212. At the port entrance, inflow movement and out flow movement are changing frequently to cater ship side request. Figure 8-A-3 shows relation between daily ship movements and frequency of in/out change. In/out change frequency increase in proportion to the number of ship movements. Roughly speaking, the latter is two times of the former, which means 2 ships come in or go out sequentially in average. 60 y = 0.5861x - 5.6151 55 50 45 40 35 30 In/Out Change Frequency 25 20 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 Movements (In/Out) Figure 8-A-3 Relation between Daily Movements and Frequency of In/Out Change 53 THE STUDY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREATER JAKARTA METROPOLITAN PORTS –FINAL REPORT (VOL.II)– CHAPTER-8 CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF THE PORTS 213. Table 8-A-2 shows number of sequential movements in the same direction, in and out movements. This table also shows that average 2 ships come in or go out sequentially. Table 8-A-2 Number of Sequential Movements in the Same Direction (In/Out) Number of sequential movements in the same Average number of sequential direction movements in the same direction In Out In Out No. Total Average movement movement movement movement 1 894 851 1745 50.3% 1.92 1.96 1.94 2 445 457 902 26.0% 3 209 241 450 13.0% 4 109 104 213 6.1% 53939782.2% 61921401.2% 7 7 16 23 0.7% 875120.3% 9 4 2 6 0.2% 10 1 1 0.0% 12 1 1 2 0.1% d) Speed of Vessel within The Port 214. For use in the latter estimate of navigational capacity, the Study team estimated average vessel speed inside the port. In terms of the container terminals, JICT, Koja and MTI, approaching time and average distance (including turn back distance) are as follows. Assuming the time for turning is 10 minutes, the average vessel speed is calculated as in the same table. Based on this, the average vessel speed inside the port is set 3 knot (=5.6km/hr). Average Approching Time for Average Speed Distance from Time (hr) Turning (knot) Entrance (m) JICT-I 1:01 0:10 4,050 2.55 JICT-II 0:55 0:10 2,800 2.01 Koja 1:02 0:10 5,000 3.07 MTI 0:49 0:10 2,700 2.21 2) Estimate of Navigational (Ship Calls) Capacity a) Estimate from the Possible Interval Time of In/Out Movements i) Total Ship Calls 215. In case that vessels are entering/going out sequentially, the interval of 2 vessels are set as 1,000m (=5*LOA), which takes 10.8 minutes (=1,000m/3knot) using the average vessel speed. On the other hand, in case that ship movement is changed from “In” to “Out”, the main channel of the entrance (Channel II) with a distance of 1,100m at least should be block section for one vessel, the time needed for changing movement direction would be minimum 23.8 minutes (=1,100m*2/3knot). =23.8 minute. In case of vice versa, changed from “Out” to “In”, the time needed for changing movement direction is assumed as 10.8 minutes the same time of ship interval in sequence. 54 THE STUDY FOR DEVELOPMENT OF GREATER JAKARTA METROPOLITAN PORTS –FINAL REPORT (VOL.II)– CHAPTER-8 CAPACITY AND DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL OF THE PORTS 216. Based on the relation between daily movements and frequency of in/out change as examined in 1)-c), as well as based on the above condition for the time of movement change, the cumulative time of ship interval can be calculated according to total ship movements per day.
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