DOCSLIB.ORG

October 2020 

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
October 2020  DOMESTIC ENERGY PRODUCERS ALLIANCE October 2020 DEPA REPORT ON INDUSTRY, LEADERSHIP, LEGISLATION AND ENERGY REGULATION New AGS Price Marker Reflects A Maturing Coastal WTI Market Written by Jeff Kralowetz, Argus Media he US Gulf Coast is the world’s most active and that both pipeline trades at coastal hubs and Aframax transparent physical market for crude oil. Producers waterborne trades go into setting the index. In this way, bringing crude there can sell to the 8mn b/d Gulf coast the AGS reflects the optionality that producers have to refinery network, or they can put their barrels on the sell on a pipeline basis to coastal refiners or on a water- water, where more than 1mn b/d of borne basis to the export market. US crude heads to Europe and about Pooling the pipeline and wa- 1.5mn b/d goes to Asia. terborne trades gives AGS multi- Early this year, industry leaders ple times more trades and trans- started a process to ensure that this parency than Dated Brent. In- world-class crude market has a sin- creased agreement on the quality gle published daily crude price – of WTI going into AGS makes based at the Gulf coast -- that rivals pooling possible. Midstream op- Brent as a global price marker. Ar- erators Enterprise and Magellan gus was one of the price reporting now report monthly on the aver- agencies that introduced a new age quality of WTI going through American GulfCoast Select their Houston facilities. In the (AGS) coastal crude price, repre- past six months, the quality at the senting the price for unblended two locations has been within 0.5 Midland-quality WTI sold at sev- Argus AGS is degrees API and within .05 per- eral locations at the Gulf coast. cent sulphur of each other. seeing growing Now, three months from the Argus normalizes its AGS to June 26th launch, the Argus AGS trade activity, convergence of Enterprise’s ECHO terminal at is seeing growing trade activity, Houston. So trades done at other convergence of prices at trade lo- prices at trade locations, and locations – anywhere from Cor- cations, and rising industry calls rising industry calls for a pus Christi and Ingleside to Ne- for a financial contract that will derland and Beaumont – have make AGS hedge-able by every- financial contract that will their values adjusted to reflect the one from Sugar Land to Shan- make AGS hedge-able by location spread seen in the last dong. three months of trade between ECHO and their location. Hou- Argus chose to design its AGS everyone from Sugar ston area docks have tended to as a composite index, meaning Land to Shandong. trade at a 25-cent premium to ECHO, so when Afram- cal Dated Brent grades, means there is a high degree of ax trades there are reported, the price is reduced by 25 confidence that Argus AGS price reflects broad market cents/bl before being added into the AGS volume- reality. weighted average for the day. Corpus Christi trades In spite of COVID-related market disruptions, the have a 20 cent/bl correction, and trades at MEH are US Gulf coast crude markets have continued to mature, adjusted by 7 cents/bl before being entered into AGS. making it possible for AGS to emerge. It is a robust These location spreads have been narrowing in just pricing mechanism for a US Gulf market that now in- the three months since AGS was introduced. Part of the fluences crude prices around the world. reason for the narrowing is that the new Wink to Web- Companies that would like to report their trades for inclu- ster line is able to deliver to both Magellan and Enter- sion in the Argus AGS may contact the Americas Crude Edi- prise systems, thereby helping bring them closer to par- tor, [email protected]. ity. But the Corpus Christi and Beaumont-area spreads Argus AGS and AGS Marker are published every business have also narrowed, demonstrating how the build out of day in the Argus Crude and Argus Americas Crude reports. infrastructure is making AGS one homogenous grade PA (data) codes for Argus AGS, Argus AGS Marker and for across the Gulf coast. the location price spreads are listed in the table below: Traders in Europe and Asia have noted that having one coastal price for Midland-quality WTI will simpli- Argus AGS Marker PA0030327 fy their contracting. And there is growing enthusiasm Argus AGS PA0030324 for AGS financial contracts to allow for trading spreads Location- October 2020 Location Differential PA Code between Brent futures or Dubai swaps to allow interna- ECHO 0 - tional buyers more precise hedging and decision mak- MEH + 7 cents/bl PA0030304 ing. Domestic US traders like having a price set at the Genoa Junction + 10 cents/bl PA0030305 coast, and reflective of the whole region rather than a Speed Junction + 20 cents/bl PA0030306 single location that could experience logistical bottle- FOB EHT + 25 cents/bl PA0030307 necks and erratic prices. FOB Texas City + 25 cents/bl PA0030308 Finally, the fact that Argus AGS has an average of FOB Seabrook + 25 cents/bl PA0030309 more than 30 market participants each month as com- Corpus Christi + 20 cents/bl PA0030677 pared to an average of 10 market participants in physi- Beaumont/Nederland + 20 cents/bl PA0030678 DEPA believes in seeking common ground, through common sense solutions, to the challenges facing our industry. Our bipartisan Executive Board of Directors DEPA Staff approach provides a Harold Hamm Dan Boren Peter Regan uniquely powerful voice Chairman Stephanie Canales Congressional and Alliance Liaison for our members at the Jerry Simmons Diana Chance Ed Cross David Crane state and national level. President/CEO Lobbyist Ron Ness Cynthia Simonds Don Montgomery John Schmitz Vice President Marketing and Ben Shepperd Communications Dir. Our work is critical. Berry Mullennix Brook Simmons Sarah Reece Secretary/Treasurer Administrative Services Your support is vital. Bill Stevens Manager Rock Zierman PO Box 33190 Tulsa, OK 74153 405-669-6646 [email protected] DEPA Energy Leadership in 2021 DEPA was born out of the shale revolution and recogni- tion of the increasingly diverging priorities of the US domes- tic energy industry and the large international/integrated oil • American GulfCoast companies. Nowhere has this divide been more evident than within the energy lobbying establishment in Washington - Select (AGS) which is dominated by multinational, integrated companies. In the absence of an alternative voice dedicated to Ameri- • can energy priorities, the US energy renaissance would be at Stimulus Funding the mercy of radical environmentalists, large multinational companies, OPEC, even Russia. • The Preservation of In the next few issues of the DRILLER, we will have arti- cles on the DEPA Energy Leadership issues that go in-depth American Energy with what you need to know and what we are doing. • The Dangers of The DEPA strategy for success is simple. 1. Defend US production from radical environmentalists, The Green New Deal OPEC, Russia, and other threats • 2. Rewrite laws and regulations developed in an era of Refinery Capacity energy scarcity and dependence to reflect and strengthen the new reality of energy abundance and independence. • Environmental, Social 3. Open and expand competitive markets for US energy around the world and governance (ESG) Do you get our press releases and notifications? Visit www.depausa.org/contact Let us know in the comment box you would like to receive our emails. DEPA Report on Industry, Leadership, Legislation, and Energy Regulation October 2020 3 2020-2021 Board of Directors Harold Hamm Chairman, Continental Resources Inc. Jerry Simmons President, DEPA Don Montgomergy VP, Montgomery Exploration Berry Mullenix Secretary/Treasurer, Panther Energy, LLC Executive Dan Boren Director, First United Bank Committee Stephanie Canales Director, Cougar Drilling Solutions Diana Chance Director, Donner Properties Ed Cross Director, KIOGA Ron Ness Director, North Dakota Petroleum Council John Schmitz Director, B29 Investments Ben Shepperd Director, Permian Basin Petroleum Association Brook Simmons Director, The Petroleum Alliance of Oklahoma Bill Stevens Director, WindRiver Associates, LLC Rock Zierman Director, CIPA Mark Metzler, Felderhoff Exploration Bobby Baggett, Valeo Capital Advisors, LLC Jason Modglin, Texas Alliance of Energy Producers Dale Calhoun, Florida Propane Gas Association & Florida Natural Gas Association Patrick Montalban, Northern Montana Oil & Gas Assoc. Jason Geer, Michigan Oil & Gas Association Brian Moore, Superior Energy Directors Thomas Herbert, Florida Indep. Petroleum Producers Assoc. Rick Muncrief, WPX Energy Bryan T. Hood, Illinois Oil & Gas Association Greg Schnacke, Denbury Resources, Inc. Blu Hulsey, Continental Resources, Inc. Avery Smith, JP Consultants, LLC Kenny Jordan, Assoc. of Energy Service Companies Judy Stark, Panhandle Producers & Royalty Owners Assoc. Roger Kelley, Continental Resources, Inc. Jennifer Sutton, Council for a Secure America David Le Norman, Reign Capital Holdings Jim Teague, Enterprise Partners, LLC Toby Mack, Energy Equipment & Infrastructure Alliance Fred Toney, Calfrac Well Services Ltd. Mike McDonald, Triad Energy, Inc Darlene Wallace, Columbus Oil Jeff McDougall, JMA Energy Company, LLC Bob Warren, International Assoc. of Drilling Contractors Nelson Wood, Wood Energy, Inc. 4 Domestic Energy Producers Alliance THERE ARE A LOT OF PLANS FOR NOVEMBER 3RD, BUT WHAT IS THE PLAN BEGINNING NOVEMBER 4TH? FIND OUT! November Member Webinar ELECTION RECAPS FROM THE ENERGY PERSPECTIVE AND WHAT 2021 MIGHT HOLD FOR OUR INDUSTRY TUESDAY, NOVEMBER 10TH 11:00 AM CST FEATURED
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Hydropolitical Vulnerability and Resilience Along International Waters: Africa Is the First of a Five-Part Series of Continental Reports
    Copyright © 2005, United Nations Environment Programme ISBN: 92-807-2575-0 UNEP Job No. DEWA/0672/NA This publication is printed on chlorine and acid free paper from sustainable forests. This publication may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit purposes without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgment of the source is made. UNEP and the authors would appreciate receiving a copy of any publication that uses this report as a source. No use of this publication may be made for resale or for any other commercial purpose whatsoever without prior permission in writing from the United Nations Environment Programme. United Nations Environment Programme PO Box 30552-00100, Nairobi, KENYA Tel: +254 20 7624028 Fax: +254 20 7623943/44 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.unep.org United Nations Environment Programme Division of Early Warning and Assessment–North America 47914 252nd Street, EROS Data Center, Sioux Falls, SD 57198-0001 USA Tel: 1-605-594-6117 Fax: 1-605-594-6119 E-mail: [email protected] Web: www.na.unep.net www.unep.org The “Hydropolitical Vulnerability and Resilience in International River Basins” project, directed by Aaron T. Wolf and managed by Marcia F. Macomber, both of Oregon State University (OSU), USA, is a collaboration between the United Nations Environment Programme - Division of Early Warning and Assessment (UNEP-DEWA) and the Universities Partnership for Transboundary Waters. The Partnership is an international consortium of water expertise, including ten universities on five continents, seeking to promote a global water governance culture that incorporates peace, environmental protection, and human security <http://waterpartners.geo.orst.edu>.
    [Show full text]
  • TUT Arch Booklet Nov 2019
    TUT ARCHITECTURE RE-IMAGINING THE FUTURE MINI-DISSERTATIONS 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS 04. INTRODUCTION by Prof Amira Osman 07. DESIGN THINKING by Prof Jacques Laubscher 08. RE-IMAGINING THE FUTURE 11. LOCATION OF STUDENT PROJECTS STUDENT WORK - By Surname 28. ADLEM, Melvin 56. PHOOKO, David 30. ALBERTS, Yolandie 58. PLAATJIE, Aldon Timothy 32. BEMBE, Ntokozo 60. PROZESKY, Ian 34. BONGERIZE, Rubi Antoinnette 62. RASEROKA, Setshaba To move forward, people need to be 36. BOOYSEN, De Jager 64. SAVVIDES, Andreas inspired: they need buildings that enhance 38. CONWAY, Laa’iqah 66. SESEMANE, Katleho 40. DHLAKAMA, Tawanda 68. SKEAD, Douglas their creativity and push them to take their 42. FOURIE, Johan 70. STEENKAMP, Jaco Louis future into their own hands. 44. HENDRIKZ, Wihan 72. STEYN, Braam 46. JANSEN, Yvette 74. SWANEPOEL, Morne 48. LAMPRECHT, Laetitia 76. VAN STADEN, Wouter 50. LUMADI, Bono 78. XOKO, Lubabalo 52. NKOANA, Tiisetso 54. PETERS, Bastiaan Simon DIÉ B É DO FRANCIS KÉ R É 3 TUT ARCHITECTURE RE-IMAGINING THE FUTURE MINI-DISSERTATIONS 2019 AN INTRODUCTION By Prof Amira Osman The TUT Department of Architecture has a special relationship to its It is important to note, that this year the students collectively, and Topics are not prescribed, but candidates are expected to engage with In developing a strategy for the research agenda for our the TUT context. The location of the campus on the periphery of the Central independent of the lecturers, selected the theme: RE-IMAGINING THE sufficiently complex buildings on sufficiently sensitive sites, whether Architecture department, we are writing about “making” and “teaching”. Business District (CBD) gives it a unique relationship to the city.
    [Show full text]
  • OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DE L'eau Développer Les Compétences Pour Mieux Gérer L'eau
    29/10/02 - DD OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DE L'EAU Développer les Compétences pour mieux Gérer l'Eau FLEUVES TRANSFRONTALIERS AFRICAINS - BILAN GLOBAL - AFRICA: International River Basin register (updated August 2002) Area of Percent Total area of country area of basin (sq. km) Country in basin country in Basin Name (1) name (sq. km) basin (%) Akpa (2) 4,900 Cameroon 3,000 61.65 Nigeria 1,900 38.17 Atui (3) 32,600 Mauritania 20,500 62.91 Western 11,200 34.24 Sahara Awash 154,900 Ethiopia 143,700 92.74 Djibouti 11,000 7.09 Somalia 300 0.16 Baraka 66,200 Eritrea 41,500 62.57 Sudan 24,800 37.43 Benito/Ntem 45,100 Cameroon 18,900 41.87 Equatorial 15,400 34.11 Guinea Gabon 10,800 23.86 Bia 11,100 Ghana 6,400 57.58 Ivory 4,500 40.28 Coast Mozambiq Buzi 27,700 24,500 88.35 ue Zimbabwe 3,200 11.65 Ivory Cavally 30,600 16,600 54.12 Coast Liberia 12,700 41.66 Guinea 1,300 4.22 Cestos 15,000 Liberia 12,800 84.99 Ivory 2,200 14.91 Coast Guinea 20 0.11 Congo, Democrati Chiloango 11,600 c Republic 7,500 64.60 of (Kinshasa) Angola 3,800 32.71 Congo, Republic of the 300 2.69 (Brazzavill e) Congo, Democrati Congo/Zaire (4, 2,302,80 3,691,000 c Republic 62.39 5) 0 of (Kinshasa) Central African 400,800 10.86 Republic Angola 290,600 7.87 Congo, Republic of the 248,100 6.72 (Brazzavill e) Zambia 176,000 4.77 Tanzania, United 166,300 4.51 Republic of Cameroon 85,200 2.31 Burundi 14,400 0.39 Rwanda 4,500 0.12 Sudan 1,400 0.04 Gabon 500 0.01 Malawi 100 0.00 Uganda 70 0.00 Corubal 24,000 Guinea 17,500 72.71 Guinea- 6,500 27.02 Bissau Cross 52,800 Nigeria 40,300 76.34
    [Show full text]
  • 11 September 1992 Judgment
    11 SEPTEMBER 1992 JUDGMENT LAND, ISLAh D AND MARITIME FRONTIER DISPUTE (EL SALVADClR/HONDURAS: NICARAGUA intervening) DIFFÉREND FRONTALIER TERRESTRE, INSULAIRE ET MARITIME (EL SALVADOR/HONDURAS; NICARAGUA (intervenant)) 11 SEPTEMBRE 1992 ARRÊT INTERNATIONAL COURT OF JUSTICE 1992 YEAR 1992 Il September General List No. 75 Il September 1992 CASE CONCERNING THE LAND, ISLAND AND MARITIME FRONTIER DISPUTE (EL SALVADOR/HONDURAS: NICARAGUA inte~ening) Case brought by Special Agreement - Dispute involving six sectors of interna- tional land frontier, legal situation of islands and of maritime spaces inside and outside the Gulfof Fonseca. Land boundaries - Applicability and meaning of principle of uti possidetis juris - Relevance of certain "titles" - Link between disputed sectors and adjoin- ing agreed sectors of boundary - Use of topographical features in boundary-mak- ing - Special Agreement and 1980 General Treaty of Peace between the Parties - Provision in Treaty for account to be taken by Chamber of "evidenceand argu- ments of a legal, historical, human or any other kind, brought before it by the Par- ties and admitted under international law" - Significance to be attributed to Spanish colonial titulos ejidales - Relevance ofpost-independence land titles - Role of effectivités - Demographic considerations and inequalities of natural resources - Considerations of "effective control" of territory - Relationship between titles and effectivités - Critical date. First sector of land boundary - Interpretation of Spanish colonial land titles - Effect of grant by Spanish colonial authorities to community in one province of rights over land situate in another - Whether account may be taken ofproposals or concessions made in negotiations - Whether acquiescence capable of modifying uti possidetis juris situation - Interpretation of colonial documents - Claims based solely on effectivités - Relevance of post-independence Iand titles - Sig- nificance of topographically suitable boundary line agreed ad referendum.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendices Appendix A: Notes on Basins
    Appendices Appendix A: Notes on Basins The following matterial is taken from Wolf et al. (1999). Amazon — Three sections of the boundary between Ecuador and Peru have been in dispute. The areas cover over 324,000 km2 and include portions of the Amazon and Maranon rivers. The districts of Tumbes, Jaen, and Maynas are claimed by Ecuador and administered by Peru. In December 1998, Peru and Ecuador signed a joint agreement on the implementation of a permanent development policy for the border region. A joint commis- sion was created to determine their common land bound- Amur River. Photo credit: Mikhail A. Yatskov. ary (Biger et al., 1995; CIA, 1998; Cohen,1998; BBC Summary of World Broadcasts, 12/3/98; Xinhua News Agency, 12/11/1998). Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have a territorial dispute regarding their boundary in the Isfara Valley area (CIA, Amur — Two disputed sections of the boundary between 1998). China and Russia remain to be settled. China holds that the main channel of the Amur River is followed northeast Atrak — Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan have a territorial to a point opposite the city of Khabarovsk. Russia claims dispute regarding their boundary in the Isfara Valley area that the line follows the Kazakevicheva channel southeast- (CIA, 1998). ward to the Ussuri River. The two countries dispute control Congo/Zaire — It has been informally reported that the of islands in the Amur and Ussuri Rivers, despite a 1987 indefinite segment of the Democratic Republic of the agreement that established the line as running through Congo-Zambia boundary has been settled. Therefore, the the median lines of the main navigable and unnavigable Democratic Republic of the Congo-Tanzania-Zambia channels.
    [Show full text]
  • New Measure of Economic Development Based on the Four-Colour Theorem
    entropy Article New Measure of Economic Development Based on the Four-Colour Theorem Aleksander Jakimowicz 1,* and Daniel Rzeczkowski 2 1 Department of World Economy, Institute of Economics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Palace of Culture and Science, 1 Defilad Sq., 00-901 Warsaw, Poland 2 Department of Market and Consumption, Faculty of Economic Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 1/327 Cieszy´nskiSq., 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The location quotient is one of the basic quantitative tools for identifying the regional poles and the turnpikes of economic growth in spatial economy. The disadvantage of this traditional measure is the limited scope of economic information contained in it. The new measure of economic development proposed in the article encompasses a complex spectrum of phenomena in one number, as it takes into account the influence of the public administration sector, as well as top technology in the form of ICT and its practical business models. It also takes into account the digital prosumption and the platforms for participation. The participation platforms in the public administration sector are the websites of municipal public administration offices. A cluster analysis was used to distinguish four quality classes of these websites. These classes were assigned four different colours, which were then used to draw up a map of the selected province. Each municipality is marked with a colour that corresponds to the quality class of the website of the state administration office operating on its territory. The colour system resulting from the four-colour theorem and the corresponding dual graph play the role of a reference system in relation to each empirical colour distribution and another dual graph related to it.
    [Show full text]
  • Perspective of the Causes, Cases and Consequences of Territorial Disputes in Africa
    www.ijird.com January, 2018 Vol 7 Issue 1 ISSN 2278 – 0211 (Online) Uncovering the Bond between Colonialism and Conflict: Perspective of the Causes, Cases and Consequences of Territorial Disputes in Africa E. E. Alobo Senior Lecturer and former Head of Public & International Law Faculty of Law, University of Calabar, Nigeria Miebaka Niebebu Doctoral Candidate, Faculty of Law, University of Calabar, Nigeria Ekong Sampson Doctoral candidate, Faculty of Law, University of Calabar, Nigeria Abstract: African continent has been beset with many of the modern-day conflicts with the attendant destruction of human and material resources. Most of these disputes are territorial in nature. In this article the authors lucidly evaluate cases, causes and consequences of territorial disputes in Africa. The deduction that flows from this analysis is that the territories constituting Africa today were whimsically generated by the European colonial masters and did not emerge out of the desire of the European imperialists to create definite territorial entities for the good of the African peoples, but out of the zeal to have defined spheres of influence and authority, mainly to avoid conflict among themselves so as to maximize their economic exploitation. It shows that they took little cognizance (if at all) of the realities on the ground. The result is that as they took their leave, they left for Africans a legacy of boundary disputes which has caused unquantifiable destructions and animosity within the continent. Thus, upon the exit of the colonial masters, agitation for re-alliances and adjustments was a major cause of boundary disputes in Africa. Keywords: Territorial disputes, colonialism, boundaries, Africa 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Four Corners Power Plant and Navajo Mine Energy Project
    United States Department of the Interior FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE New Mexico Ecological Services Field Office 2105 Osuna Road, NE Albuquerque, N.M. 87113 Consultation No. 02ENNM00-2014-F-0064 Memorandum To: Manager, Indian Program Branch, Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement, Western Regional Office, Denver, Colorado From: Supervisor, Fish and Wildlife Service, New Mexico Ecological Services, Albuquerque, New Mexico Subject: Biological Opinion for the Four Corners Power Plant and Navajo Mine Energy Project This transmits the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) biological opinion (BO) regarding effects of actions associated with the Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSMRE) proposed Four Corners Power Plant and Navajo Mine Energy Project on federally listed species and their critical habitats in accordance with section 7(b) of the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (ESA; 16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.) and implementing regulations (50 CFR 402). Species affected by the proposed action are: endangered Colorado pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus lucius) and its critical habitat, endangered razorback sucker (Xyrauchen texanus) and its critical habitat, endangered southwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii extimus) (flycatcher), threatened yellow-billed cuckoo (Coccyzus americanus) (cuckoo), endangered California condor (Gymnogyps californianus), threatened Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis lucida), endangered Mancos milkvetch (Astragalus humillimus), endangered Fickeisen plains cactus (Pediocactus
    [Show full text]
  • Quarterly Market Review First Quarter 2018
    Quarterly Market Review First Quarter 2018 Securities and advisory services offered through LPL Financial, a Registered Investment Advisor, Member FINRA/SIPC Quadripoint Investment Management, Dimensional Fund Advisors, and LPL Financial are separate entities. Quarterly Market Review First Quarter 2018 This report features world capital market performance Overview: and a timeline of events for the past quarter. It begins with a global overview, then features the returns of Market Summary stock and bond asset classes in the US and international markets. World Stock Market Performance The report also illustrates the impact of globally World Asset Classes diversified portfolios and features a quarterly topic. US Stocks International Developed Stocks Emerging Markets Stocks Select Country Performance Select Currency Performance vs. US Dollar Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) Commodities Fixed Income Impact of Diversification Quarterly Topic: Sailing with the Tides 2 Market Summary Index Returns Global International Emerging Global Bond US Stock Developed Markets Real US Bond Market Market Stocks Stocks Estate Market ex US Q1 2018 STOCKS BONDS -0.64% -2.04% 1.42% -5.79% -1.46% 0.94% Since Jan. 2001 Avg. Quarterly Return 1.9% 1.5% 3.2% 2.5% 1.1% 1.1% Best 16.8% 25.9% 34.7% 32.3% 4.6% 4.6% Quarter Q2 2009 Q2 2009 Q2 2009 Q3 2009 Q3 2001 Q4 2008 Worst -22.8% -21.2% -27.6% -36.1% -3.0% -2.7% Quarter Q4 2008 Q4 2008 Q4 2008 Q4 2008 Q4 2016 Q2 2015 Past performance is not a guarantee of future results. Indices are not available for direct investment.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Law 2020 Daniels Aliya Monique
    UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN SCHOOL FOR ADVANCED LEGAL STUDIES-FACULTY OF LAW Town Cape of THE CHALLENGES OF BORDER ISSUES, DOCUMENTATION, AND INFRASTRUCTURE IN INTRA-AFRICAN TRADE ALIYA MONIQUE DANIELS UniversityDNLALI005 LLM DISSERTATION SUPERVISOR: PROFESSOR ADA ORDOR JANUARY 2020 i The copyright of this thesis vests in the author. No quotation from it or information derivedTown from it is to be published without full acknowledgement of the source. The thesis is to be used for private study or non- commercial research purposes only. Cape Published by the University of Cape Town (UCT) in terms of the non-exclusive license granted to UCT by the author. University DECLARATION I hereby declare that I have read and understood the regulations governing the submission of Master of Laws dissertation, including those relating to length and plagiarism, as contained in the rules of the university, and that this dissertation conforms to those regulations. Aliya Monique Daniels ii ABSTRACT In 21st century post-colonial Africa, African leaders have visualised, mobilised, and worked towards economic advancement nationally, regionally, and continentally. In the past 60 or more years there has been a concentration on regional integration as to achieve economic growth and increase global competitiveness. More recently, intra-African trade has emerged as an essential component of continental economic advancement. However, there have been many obstacles that have hindered intra-African trade from achieving its potential and functioning in a way that truly benefits the continent. This dissertation will examine the effect that some of those challenges and obstacles (including border issues, documentation, and the lack of essential infrastructure), have had on intra-African trade.
    [Show full text]
  • SEPARATE OPINION of JUDGE TORRES BERNARDEZ 1 Have
    SEPARATE OPINION OF JUDGE TORRES BERNARDEZ 1 have voted for the operative part of the Judgment, except for sub- paragraph 1, subparagraph 2 (i) and subparagraph 5 of operative para- graph 43 1 and subparagraph 2 of operative paragraph 432. Except with respect to the attribution of sovereignty over the island of Meanguerita, my negative votes concern questions relating to the interpretation of Article 2, paragraph 2, of the Special Agreement. The considerations and observations included in the present opinion have a threefold purpose. They intend to convey the essentials of my posi- tion on: (1) questions with respect to which, to my regret, 1 was unable to join the majority vote; (2) questions on which 1 have some reservations notwithstanding my positive vote on the decision concerned as a whole; and (3) main developments in the reasoning which 1 do not share com- pletely or which would have deserved, in my opinion, further elaboration. After a brief introduction concerning the case as a whole, my considera- tions and observations are presented under the main headings of the three major aspects of the case, namely the "land boundary dispute", the "island dispute" and the "maritime dispute". The table of contents thus presents the following synopsis : Paragraphs INTRODUCTION.THE CASE 1-7 1. THELAND BOUNDARY DISPUTE 8-55 A. General questions 8-37 (a) The 1821 utipossidetisjurisprinciple as applicable law 8-15 (b) The utipossidetis juris principle and the rule of evidence in Article 26 of the General Treaty of Peace 16-20 (c) The utipossidetisjuris principle and the effectivités 2 1-27 (d) The uti possidetis juris principle and the rirulos ejidales invoked by the Parties 28-37 B.
    [Show full text]
  • International Dispute Settlement in Response to an Unlawful Seizure of Territory: Three Mechanisms
    Chicago Journal of International Law Volume 16 Number 1 Article 3 6-1-2015 International Dispute Settlement in Response to an Unlawful Seizure of Territory: Three Mechanisms Thomas D. Grant Follow this and additional works at: https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cjil Recommended Citation Grant, Thomas D. (2015) "International Dispute Settlement in Response to an Unlawful Seizure of Territory: Three Mechanisms," Chicago Journal of International Law: Vol. 16: No. 1, Article 3. Available at: https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cjil/vol16/iss1/3 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Chicago Unbound. It has been accepted for inclusion in Chicago Journal of International Law by an authorized editor of Chicago Unbound. For more information, please contact [email protected]. International Dispute Settlement in Response to an Unlawful Seizure of Territory: Three Mechanisms Thomas D. Grant* Abstract International law prohibits the acquisition of territory by force. Even so, states have struggled to identifi ajudicialor arbitralprocedureto protect their rightsfollowing an unlawful attempted acquisition. With reference to the annexation of Crimea, but with a view to the wider possibilitiesforjudidal or arbitralsettlement of territorialquestions, the present Article considers three mechanisms-the European Convention on Human Rights (European Convention), the Statute of the International Court of Justice (ICJ Statute), and bilateral investment treaties. Recent decisions of the European Court of Human Ri'ghts (ECHR) suggest that its inter-state procedure holds some promise in such a situation. By comparison, attempts by a state to protect its territorialrights before the ICJ-for example, by Georgia against Russia-have encountered serious obstacles. This Article starts by considering the ECHR_ It then turns to the ICJ, the jurisdiction of which has extended to territorialquestions in some of its best-known cases but, in others, may be of limited use to a state seeking to defend its territorialrights directly.
    [Show full text]