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Draft 2016 Rare Plant Monitoring Report

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Draft 2016 Rare Plant Monitoring Report Draft 2016 Rare Plant Monitoring Report Prepared for: San Diego Association of Governments 401 B Street, Suite 800 San Diego, CA 92101 Contact: Sarah Pierce Email: [email protected] Prepared by: Conservation Biology AECOM San Diego Management Institute 401 West A Street, and Monitoring Program 136 SW Washington Avenue, Suite 1200 4165 Spruance Road, Suite 202 San Diego, CA 92101 Suite 200 Corvallis, OR 97333 Contact: Sara Motheral San Diego, CA 92101 Contact: Jessie Vinje Email: [email protected] Contact: Kris Preston Email: [email protected] Email: [email protected] March 2017 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page List of Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................. v Executive Summary .......................................................................................................... vii 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................. 1 1.2 2016 Monitoring Locations......................................................................... 3 2.0 METHODS ............................................................................................................. 4 2.1 2016 MSP Rare Plant Species..................................................................... 4 2.2 2016 Outreach and Training ....................................................................... 5 2.3 2016 Field Effort ......................................................................................... 6 2.4 2016 Data Outreach .................................................................................... 7 2.5 2016 Data Analysis ..................................................................................... 7 2.6 2017–2021 Monitoring Prioritization and Frequency ................................. 7 3.0 RESULTS ............................................................................................................... 8 3.1 2016 MSP Rare Plant Species..................................................................... 8 3.2 2016 Outreach and Training ..................................................................... 11 3.3 2016 Field Effort ....................................................................................... 12 3.3.1 Participants .................................................................................... 12 3.3.2 MSP Rare Plant Species and Occurrences .................................... 13 3.3.3 Threats........................................................................................... 15 3.3.4 Management Recommendations ................................................... 15 3.4 2016 Data Outreach .................................................................................. 15 3.5 2016 Data Analysis ................................................................................... 21 3.6 2017–2021 Monitoring Prioritization and Frequency ............................... 30 4.0 DISCUSSION ....................................................................................................... 36 4.1 2016 Outreach and Training ..................................................................... 36 4.2 2016 Field Effort ....................................................................................... 36 4.2.1 Participants .................................................................................... 36 4.2.2 MSP Rare Plant Species and Occurrences .................................... 36 4.2.3 Threats........................................................................................... 36 4.2.4 Management Recommendations ................................................... 37 4.3 2016 Data Outreach .................................................................................. 37 4.4 2016 Data Analysis ................................................................................... 37 4.5 2016 Difficulties Encountered .................................................................. 38 4.5.1 Permitting and Access Agreements .............................................. 38 Conservation Biology Institute, San Diego i AECOM Management and Monitoring Program, and March 2017 4.5.2 Privately Conserved or Not-yet Conserved Lands ........................ 38 4.5.3 Spatial Data ................................................................................... 39 4.5.4 Land Managers and Volunteers .................................................... 39 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS ...................................................................................... 40 6.0 REFERENCES ..................................................................................................... 42 APPENDICES A Management Strategic Plan (MSP) 2016 Monitoring Protocol for Rare Plant Occurrences on Conserved Lands in Western San Diego County B Monitoring Strategic Plan (MSP) Rare Plant Occurrences Monitored in 2016 Conservation Biology Institute, San Diego ii AECOM Management and Monitoring Program, and March 2017 LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page Figure 1 San Diego County MUs and MSPA Boundary..................................................3 Figure 2 MSP Rare Plants: a. Orcutt’s birds-beak (Dicranostegia orcuttiana), b. Otay tarplant (Deinandra conjugens), c. chaparral nolina (Nolina cismontana), and d. Orcutt’s brodiaea (Brodiaea orcuttii) ................................8 Figure 3 MSP Rare Plants: a. willowy monardella (Monardella linoides ssp. viminea), b. San Diego ambrosia (Ambrosia pumila), c. thread-leaf brodiaea (Brodiaea filifolia), and d. Cleveland’s goldenstar (Bloomeria clevelandii) .........................................................................................................9 Figure 4 MSP Rare Plants: a. short-leaved dudleya (Dudleya brevifolia), b. San Diego thornmint (Acanthomintha ilicifolia), c. salt marsh bird’s-beak (Chloropyron maritimum ssp. maritimum), and d. Nuttall’s acmispon (Acmispon prostratus) ......................................................................................10 Figure 5 MSP Rare Plants: a. Encinitas baccharis (Baccharis vanessae), b. variegated dudleya (Dudleya variegata), c. San Miguel savory (Clinopodium chandleri), and d. Gander’s ragwort (Packera ganderi) ..........11 Figure 6 Rare Plant Occurrences Monitored in 2016 .....................................................14 Figure 7 Threats to MSP Plants: a. altered hydrology, b. off-road vehicles, and c. unauthorized trails (bisecting salt marsh bird’s-beak population) ...............16 Figure 8 Threats to MSP Rare Plants: a. trash, b. trash (dumped trash adjacent to Cleveland’s goldenstar population) and c. erosion ......................................17 Figure 9 Threats to MSP Plants: a. vandalism (cut and resprouting Encinitas baccharis), b. itinerant encampments, and c. road and trail maintenance (San Diego goldenstar and Cleveland’s goldenstar growing along maintained trail) ...............................................................................................18 Figure 10 Threats to MSP Plants: a. herbivory, b. recent burn, c. invasive species (Ehrharta longiflora infestation), and d. edge effects .....................................19 Figure 11 Average + Standard Deviation Number of Plants Per Occurrence for Rare Plant Species with an Average of 1,000 or More Plants Counted or Estimated during 2016 IMG Monitoring .....................................................22 Figure 12 Average + Standard Deviation Number of Plants per Occurrence for Rare Plant Species with an Average of Less than 1,000 Plants Counted or Estimated during 2016 IMG Monitoring .....................................................23 Figure 13 Frequency of Mammal Activity Categories Recorded for Feral Pig, California Ground Squirrel and Botta’s Pocket Gopher at 218 Rare Plant Occurrences ............................................................................................25 Conservation Biology Institute, San Diego iii AECOM Management and Monitoring Program, and March 2017 Figure 14 Levels of Disturbance from Nonnative Grasses, Nonnative Forbs, Nonnative Woody Plants and Competitive Native Plants during 2016 IMG Monitoring of 217 Rare Plant Occurrences ............................................26 Figure 15 Disturbance Levels from Human Use and Fire at 218 Rare Plant Occurrences Monitored in 2016.......................................................................28 Figure 16 Signs of Disturbance from Current and Historic Grazing and Historic Agriculture at 218 Rare Plant Occurrences Monitored in 2016 ......................29 Figure 17 Signs of Altered Hydrology and Soil Disturbance at 218 Rare Plant Occurrences Monitored in 2016.......................................................................30 LIST OF TABLES Table Page Table 1 2016 IMG Rare Plant Species and Monitoring Time Frames............................4 Table 2 2016 IMG Monitoring Participants ..................................................................12 Table 3 2016 IMG Rare Plant Monitoring Data Submission Outreach Documentation .................................................................................................20 Table 4 Prevalence Ranking, Number and Percent of Occurrences Sampled, and Average ± Standard Deviation Percent Cover of the 20 Most Prevalent Native and Nonnative Plant Species Detected during IMG Sampling of 218 Rare Plant Occurrences ........................................................24
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