DOCSLIB.ORG

Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Annual Report January – December 2008

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Annual Report January – December 2008 Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Annual Report January – December 2008 We dedicate this Annual Report to Dr. Wiley M. Kitchens 2 COOPERATING AGENCIES: FLORIDA FISH AND WILDLIFE CONSERVATION COMMISSION UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA U.S. FISH & WILDLIFE SERVICE U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT INSTITUTE The Foundation for the Gator Nation 3 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... 5 Mission Statement ......................................................................................................................................................... 6 Coordinating Committee Members ............................................................................................................................... 7 Cooperators .................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Students and Personnel ............................................................................................................................................... 10 2008 Project Descriptions.......................................................................................................................................... 15 Snail Kite Population Studies: Demography, Population Trends, and Dispersal Relative to Environment Correlates, and Habitat Studies ....................................................................................... 16 Surveys of Snail Kite Breeding and Habitat Use in the Upper St. Johns River Basin .............................................. 16 Continued Snail Kite Monitoring Studies: Demographic, Population Growth, Extinction, and ............................. 17 Radio Telemetry and Mark-Recapture Studies of Demographic, Movement, and Population ................................ 17 To Document Floral & faunal Succession Following Alternative Habitat ............................................................... 18 Wildlife Usage at Development on Spoil Islands In Lake Tohopekaliga, FL .......................................................... 19 Assessing the Effects of Coastline Alteration on Sea Turtle Nesting & Faunal Assemblages ................................. 20 Assessment of Beach Compaction & Associated Effects on Loggerhead Sea Turtles ............................................. 20 Adaptive Habitat Management for FL Scrub-Jays at Merritt Island Nat’l Wildlife Refuge .................................... 22 Development of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Assessment of Wildlife Populations............................................. 34 Southeastern Adaptive Management Group (SEAMG) ............................................................................................ 25 American Alligator Distribution, Size, and Hole Occupancy & American Crocodile YR2 ..................................... 25 Experimental Evaluation of a Habitat Enhancement Project –Gant Lake ................................................................ 26 Effects of Environmental Mercury Exposure on Development & Repro of White Ibises ....................................... 28 Monitoring of Wading Bird Reproduction In WCAS 1,2,3 of the Everglades ......................................................... 29 Wading Bird Colony Location, Size, Timing and Wood Stork Nesting Success .................................................... 30 Historic Pond Restoration in the Florida Panther Nat’l Wildlife Refuge ................................................................. 31 Directing Succession Through Adaptive Mgmt in Nat’l Wildlife Refuges: ............................................................. 32 Rapid Delineation of Provenance for Florida Sea Oats Used for Beach & Dune Stabilization ................................ 34 Status, Ecology, and Conservation of Rare and Endangered Florida Orchidaceae-Bletia purpurea ........................ 35 Determination of Population diversity in the Florida Endangered Orchid Cytopodium punctatum ........................ 36 Techniques for Field Establishment & Reintroduction of Calopogon tuberosus ..................................................... 37 Conservation of S. Florida’s Orchids ....................................................................................................................... 38 Seed Ecology, Habitat Characterization & Reintroduction Methods of Rare .......................................................... 39 Factors Affecting Population Density & Harvest of Northern Bobwhite ................................................................. 41 Evaluating Decomposition dynamics, Community Composition, & Ridge-Top ...................................................... 42 Regional Distribution of Soil Nutrients: Hierarchical Soil Nutrient Mapping ......................................................... 43 Lake Apopka N. Shore Restoration -Alligator ........................................................................................................ 44 Lake Apopka N. Shore restoration -Amphibian ....................................................................................................... 45 Science Fellowship for Assessment of Coastal Habitats .......................................................................................... 46 Ecology & Conservation of Snowy Plovers In The Florida Panhandle .................................................................... 47 Structured Decision Making, Ecological Thresholds & Establishment ................................................................... 48 An Assessment of Gulf Sturgeon Population Status in the Gulf of Mexico ............................................................ 49 Technical Assistance For Continuing Development of Content for Focal Species .................................................. 50 Evaluating Endocrine Disruption in Fish Exposed to Waters at Turkey Creek ........................................................ 51 Spectral and Response Assessment of Turtle-Friendly Lighting Study ................................................................... 52 Monitoring for St. Joseph Peninsula beach Restoration Project .............................................................................. 54 Demographic, Movement, and Habitat of the Endangered Snail Kite in Response to Operational Plans ............... 56 ERDC Participation in 2008 USACE UAS Program ............................................................................................... 57 Supplement to “Directing Succession Through Adaptive Management in Nat’l Wildlife Refuges:Reed Canary ... 58 An Assessment of the Use of Unmanned Aerial systems for Surveys of Wading Birds in the Everglades ............. 59 Monitoring of Wading Bird Reproduction in WCAS 1,2, and 3 of the Everglades – UAV .................................... 60 Effects of Climate change on Barrier Island Habitat and Nesting Sea turtles ......................................................... 60 Completed Projects ...................................................................................................................................................... 61 2008 Theses and Dissertations ..................................................................................................................................... 75 2008 Publications ........................................................................................................................................................ 75 2008 Presentations ...................................................................................................................................................... 76 2008 Technical Reports ............................................................................................................................................... 76 4 FLORIDA COOPERATIVE FISH AND WILDLIFE RESEARCH UNIT INTRODUCTION The Florida Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit was established in 1979 as one of the first combined units. The purpose of the Florida Unit is to provide for active cooperation in the advancement, organization, and conduct of scholarly research and training in the field of fish and wildlife sciences, principally through graduate education and research at the University of Florida. The Florida Unit has the mission to study wetland ecosystems within the state. Florida is a low relief, sub-tropical peninsula that is ecologically fragile. Though abundant, Florida’s water resources are under increasing pressure from a burgeoning human population. Domestic, recreational, and development needs threaten Florida’s water / wetland resources. In following its program directive, the Florida Unit has developed a research program, that addresses management issues with approaches spanning species to ecosystem perspectives. Specifically, this Unit conducts detailed investigations of aquatic-terrestrial ecosystem interfaces and their component fish and wildlife resources. Between 1979 and 2008, over 297 projects totaling more than $42.8 million were funded through the Unit. These projects covered a wide variety of fish, wildlife, and ecosystem subjects and have involved 49 line, affiliate, and adjunct faculty members as principal and co-principal investigators. Unit staff have their own research projects which accounted for about 1/3 of the total effort. Projects associated
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Potential Use of Annona (Annonaceae) by Products As a Source of Botanical Insecticides
    The potential use of Annona (Annonaceae) by products as a source of botanical insecticides Leandro do Prado Ribeiroa*, Camila Moreira de Souzab, Keylla Utherdyany Bicalhoc, Edson Luiz Lopes Baldinb, Moacir Rossi Forimc, João Batista Fernandesc, José Djair Vendramimd a Research Center for Family Agriculture, Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (CEPAF/EPAGRI), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil. *E-mail: [email protected]; bDepartment of Crop Protection, College of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (FCA/UNESP) Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil; d Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil; c Department of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. INTRODUCTION In addition, some species of Annona genera (e.g.: Annona muricata, Annona squamosa, Annona cherimolia, and Annona The structural and functional diversity of secondary metabolites cherimolia x Annona squamosa) have great economic (allelochemicals) is a key factor for the survival and evolutionary importance due to their edible fruits of ample commercial success of plant species inhabiting an environment with an interest. Consequently, a considerably cultivated area (~ 14,000 abundance of natural enemies. Therefore, the tropical flora, hectares) with these species is observed in Brazil. However, most with its unique biodiversity, is a promising natural reservoir of of Annona fruits production are destined for fruit-processing bioactive substances. In this context, Brazil has the highest plant industries and commercialized as frozen pulps for juice genetic diversity in the world offering enormous potential for preparations due to its small shelf life.
    [Show full text]
  • Annona Glabra Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)
    FULL ACCOUNT FOR: Annona glabra Annona glabra System: Terrestrial Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Plantae Magnoliophyta Magnoliopsida Magnoliales Annonaceae Common name kaitambu (English, Fiji), kaitambo (English, Fiji), uto ni bulumakau (English, Fiji), uto ni mbulumakau (English, Fiji), corossolier des marais (English, French), annone des marais (English, French), bullock's heart (English), alligator apple (English), pond apple (English), cherimoyer (English) Synonym Similar species Summary Annona glabra is a highly invasive woody weed that threatens wetland and riparian ecosystems of wet tropics, world heritage areas and beyond. It can establish as a dense understorey that suppresses other growth leading to monocultures. view this species on IUCN Red List Species Description “Tree (2-) 3-8 (-12)m high, the trunk narrowly buttressed at the base; leaves oblong-elliptical, acute or shortly acuminate, 7-15cm long, up to 6cm broad; pedicel curved, expanded distally; sepals 4.5mm long, 9mm broad, apiculate; outer petals valvate, ovate-cordate, cream-coloured with a crimson spot at base within, 2.5-3cm long, 2-2.5cm broad; inner petals subimbricate, shortly clawed, 2-2.5cm long, 1.5-1.7cm broad, whitish outside, dark crimson within; stigmas sticky, deciduous; fruit up to 12cm long, 8cm broad, yellow outside when ripe, pulp pinkish- orange, rather dry, pungent-aromatic; seeds light brown, 1.5cm long, 1cm broad.” (Adams, 1972. In PIER, 2003) Notes Naturalised and sometimes exhibiting invasive behaviour in French Polynesia, (PIER, 2003). In Australia excessive drainage of surrounding areas for land reclamation raises the saline water table level sufficient to kill melaleuca trees thus allowing invasion by the salt tolerant pond apple, (Land Protection, 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • Phenological Study of Sugar Apple (Annona Squamosa L.) in Dystrophic Yellow Latosol Under the Savanna Conditions of Roraima
    AJCS 13(09):1467-1472 (2019) ISSN:1835-2707 doi: 10.21475/ajcs.19.13.09.p1557 Phenological study of sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) in dystrophic yellow latosol under the savanna conditions of Roraima Elias Ariel de Moura1*, Pollyana Cardoso Chagas2, Edvan Alves Chagas3, Railin Rodrigues de Oliveira2, Wellington Farias Araújo2, Sara Thiele Moreira Sobral2, Daniel Lucas Lima Taveira2 1Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Fitotecnia, Av. Francisco Mota, 572, Costa e Silva, 59.625-900, Mossoró, RN, Brasil 2Universidade Federal de Roraima, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Fitotecnia. Boa Vista/RR, Brasil 3Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Boa Vista, RR, Brasil. CNPq Research Productivity Scholarship. *Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract Sugar apple (Annona squamosa L.) is a commercially significant fruit species due to its nutritional qualities. The state of Roraima has excellent soil and climatic conditions for the cultivation of the species. However, no studies on the phenological behavior of this plant have been reported in the literature. In this context, the objective of this work was to investigate the vegetative and reproductive phenological behavior of sugar apple under the savanna conditions of the state of Roraima. The experiment was carried out in four seasons of the year (2014/2014 and 2015/2015 rainy season and 2014/2015 and 2015/2016 Summer). Production pruning was carried out in February 2014 (2014.1 cycle), September 2014 (2014.2 cycle), February 2015 (2015.1 cycle) and September 2015 (2015.2 cycle). Forty plants were monitored during the experiment and evaluated every three days for the following variables: beginning date of bud swelling; duration of flowering; and fruit harvest time.
    [Show full text]
  • 24. ROLLINIA A. Saint-Hilaire, Fl. Bras. Merid., Ed Folio, 1: 23; Ed
    Fl. China 19: 713. 2011. 24. ROLLINIA A. Saint-Hilaire, Fl. Bras. Merid., ed folio, 1: 23; ed. quarto, 1: 28. 1824. 娄林果属 lou lin guo shu Li Bingtao (李秉滔 Li Ping-tao); Michael G. Gilbert Trees or shrubs, indument of simple or rarely stellate hairs. Inflorescences few flowered or rarely 1-flowered. Sepals 3, small, valvate, free or rarely connate at base into a cup. Petals 6, in 2 whorls, with each whorl valvate, connate at base; outer petals outside with a spur or wing; inner petals minute. Stamens many; connectives disklike, apex dilated. Carpels many; ovule 1 per carpel, basal. Fruit syncarpous, globose to ovoid. Seeds many per syncarp, usually dark brown to almost black, flat, embedded in edible pulp. About 42 species: Central America, tropical South America; one species (introduced) in China. Rainer (Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B, 108: 191–205. 2007) transferred all species of Rollinia to Annona, mainly on the basis of preliminary molecular data that nested the two species of Rollinia investigated within Annona. 1. Rollinia mucosa (Jacquin) Baillon, Adansonia 8: 268. 1868. 米糕娄林果 mi gao lou lin guo Annona mucosa Jacquin, Observ. Bot. 1: 16. 1764; Rol- linia orthopetala A. Candolle. Trees to 10 m tall. Bark grayish brown, with rose-colored tissue below. Petiole 5–10 mm; leaf blade oblong-elliptic, 15– 25 × 8–11 cm, leathery, abaxially pubescent, adaxially smooth and glossy, midvein prominent, secondary veins 11–16 on each side of midvein, base slightly cuneate, apex acuminate. Inflo- rescences 1-flowered. Flowers 2–3.5 cm in diam. Pedicel ca.
    [Show full text]
  • (+)-Catechin and Quercetin from Pawpaw Pulp A
    Characterization of (+)-Catechin and Quercetin from Pawpaw Pulp A thesis presented to the faculty of the College of Health Sciences and Professions of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Science Jinsoo Ahn June 2011 © 2011 Jinsoo Ahn. All Rights Reserved. 2 This thesis titled Characterization of (+)-Catechin and Quercetin from Pawpaw Pulp by JINSOO AHN has been approved for the School of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness and the College of Health Sciences and Professions by Robert G. Brannan Assistant Professor of Applied Health Sciences and Wellness Randy Leite Interim Dean, College of Health Sciences and Professions 3 ABSTRACT AHN, JINSOO, M.S., June 2011, Human and Consumer Sciences, Food and Nutrition Characterization of (+)-Catechin and Quercetin from Pawpaw Pulp Director of Thesis: Robert G. Brannan This thesis investigates the concentration of total phenolics and total flavonoids in pulp extracts of pawpaw harvested in 2008, 2009, and 2010, and the concentration of (+)- catechin and quercetin flavonoids in 2010 pawpaw pulp extracts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Next, influence of frozen storage and air or vacuum packaging of pawpaw pulp on the concentration of (+)-catechin and quercetin flavonoids was examined. In addition, properties of pawpaw pulp such as moisture content, lipid content, percent sugar, color, and pH were measured. Total phenolics were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay and reported as µmol gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/ g wet tissue. The concentration was observed in the order of 2009 sample (3.91 ± 1.61) < 2008 sample (11.19 ± 0.57) < 2010 sample (14.11 ± 1.90).
    [Show full text]
  • Annona Glabra to Be Recorded and Any Necessary Survey and Control in the Vicinity to Be Undertaken
    Pond apple is declared a Class A (to be eradicated) and Class C (not to DEPARTMENT OF be introduced) weed in the Northern Territory and is a Weed of National ENVIRONMENT AND NATURAL RESOURCES Significance in Australia. Pond apple is a declared weed in accordance with the Weeds Management Act. Pond apple can spread very quickly and is hard to control once established. Preventing further establishment of pond apple in the Northern Territory is the most cost effective and efficient management strategy. Early identification and treatment relies on receiving reports from members of the public. Residents are asked to check their properties for this weed and report suspected Pond apple plants immediately to the Weed Management Branch. Do not attempt to control or dispose of pond apple yourself. The Weed Management Branch will destroy and remove any pond apple trees. This allows the exact location Annona glabra to be recorded and any necessary survey and control in the vicinity to be undertaken. HABIT TRUNK LEAVES FLOWERS FRUIT & SEED A small tree growing about Grey bark, usually with a Alternate leaves, 7 - 12cm Creamy white to light yellow The edible fruit looks like 3 - 6m tall, but occasionally single trunk but multiple- long with a prominent midrib. flowers, 20 - 30mm in a smooth-skinned custard reaching 15m in height. stemmed plants common Leaves have a light to diameter, not easily seen on apple, similar in shape to a when several seedlings dark green upper surface the tree. Flowers have three mango and 5 - 15cm wide. germinate together. Stems (depending on age) and are leathery outer petals and Fruit contains about 140 often fuse together giving the paler on the underside.
    [Show full text]
  • Nomenclatural and Taxonomic Notes on Annona (Annonaceae)
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien Jahr/Year: 2001 Band/Volume: 103B Autor(en)/Author(s): Rainer H. Artikel/Article: Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Annona (Annonaceae). 513-524 ©Naturhistorisches Museum Wien, download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien 103 B 513-524 Wien, Dezember 2001 Nomenclatural and taxonomic notes on Annona (Annonaceae) H. Rainer* Abstract In the course of monographic studies on the genus Annona (Annonaceae) some cases of nomenclatural and taxonomic changes and need for typifications turned up and are herewith presented. Raimondia is included in Annona due to its general resemblance in morphological and anatomical characters, its species already described as Annona are reestablished, and one new combination is made. The new combinations are Annona cacans WARM, subsp. glabriuscula (R.E.FR.) H.RAWER and Annona deceptrix (WESTRA) H.RAINER. Key words: Annonaceae, Annona, Raimondia, Flora Neotropica, typification. Zusammenfassung Während der monographischen Studien an der Gattung Annona (Annonaceae) wurden einige nomenkla- torische und taxonomische Änderungen evident, sowie in einigen Fällen Typifizierungen notwendig, die hier präsentiert werden. Die Gattung Raimondia wird wegen ihrer weitgehenden Übereinstimmung in mor- phologischen wie anatomischen Merkmalen in Annona eingegliedert. Die schon unter Annona beschriebe- nen Arten werden wiederhergestellt und eine Neukombination durchgeführt. Die beiden Neukombinationen betreffen Annona cacans WARM, subsp. glabriuscula (R.E.FR.) H.RAINER und Annona deceptrix (WESTRA) H.RAINER. Introduction In the course of the studies for a monograph of the neotropical taxa of the genus Annona (Annonaceae), the number of collections increased substantially compared to the mate- rial available to FRIES (1931), the last comprehensive treatment of the genus.
    [Show full text]
  • Annona Muricata Botanical Name: Annona Muricata Common Name
    Annona muricata Botanical name: Annona muricata Common name: Prickly custard apple, soursop Morphological characters: Soursop trees are bushy and low, only about 7.5-9 m tall. Young branchlets are rusty-hairy. The smooth, glossy, dark green leaves are oblong to elliptical and pointed at both ends, 6.25-20 x 2.5-6.25 cm wide. The underside of the leaves is somewhat lighter than the top. Solitary flowers emerge anywhere on the trunk, branches or twigs. They are 4-5 cm long, and cone shaped, the 3 fleshy outer petals are yellow-green, the 3 inner petals are pale- yellow. It is more or less oval or heart-shaped, though it tends to be lopsided or curved. The fruit is fairly variable in size, ranging from 10-30 cm long and up to 15 cm in width. They can weigh as much as 6.8 kg. The fruit is covered with a leathery-appearing, inedible, bitter skin which is covered with many flexible spikes. The skin is dark-green in the immature fruit, becoming slightly yellowish-green before the mature fruit is soft to the touch. The inside of the skin is cream-colored and granular. The white flesh, which is the edible part of the flesh is fibrous and juicy, and separates easily from the rind. The pulp smells a little like a pineapple, but the sweet, acrid flavor is unique and somewhat indescribable. The fruit is segmented, with some segments containing a single oval, smooth, hard, black seed, 1.25-2 cm long. A large fruit may contain from a few dozen to 200 or more seeds.
    [Show full text]
  • Annonacin in Asimina Triloba Fruit : Implications for Neurotoxicity
    University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 12-2011 Annonacin in Asimina triloba fruit : implications for neurotoxicity. Lisa Fryman Potts University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Recommended Citation Potts, Lisa Fryman, "Annonacin in Asimina triloba fruit : implications for neurotoxicity." (2011). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1145. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/1145 This Doctoral Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ANNONACIN IN ASIMINA TRILOBA FRUIT: IMPLICATIONS FOR NEUROTOXICITY 8y Lisa Fryman Potts 8.S. Centre College, 2005 M.S. University of Louisville, 2010 A Dissertation Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Medicine at the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville School of Medicine Louisville, Kentucky December 2011 Copyright 2011 by lisa Fryman Potts All rights reserved ANNONACIN IN ASIMINA TRILOBA FRUIT: IMPLICATIONS FOR NEUROTOXICITY By Lisa Fryman Potts B.S. Centre College, 2005 M.S. University of Louisville, 2010 A Dissertation Approved on July 21, 2011 by the following Dissertation Committee: Irene Litvan, M.D. Dissertation Director Frederick Luzzio, Ph.D. Michal Hetman, M.D., Ph.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Drying of Annona Reticulata for Production of Herbal Tea
    Nguyen Phuoc Minh et al /J. Pharm. Sci. & Res. Vol. 11(4), 2019, 1479-1482 Drying of Annona reticulata for Production of Herbal Tea Nguyen Phuoc Minh1,*, Tan Thanh Vo2, Tran Thi Kieu3, Van Thi Bich4, Le Thi My Trinh5, Bui Van Tuyen6 1Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Food Technology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam 2NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 3Can Tho University, Can Tho City, Vietnam 4An Giang University, An Giang Province, Vietnam 5Bac Lie u University, Bac Lieu Province, Vietnam 6Vinh Long Technology Education University, Vinh Long Province, Vietnam Abstract. Herbal tea plays a vital role in human health care system. Annona reticulata L. is well known for its nutritive and medicinal properties. Most important phytochemicals in A. reticulata are alkaloids, tannins, flavonoid and phenolic compounds. Drying also has become a widely used way of food processing allowing the extension of shell life. In this research, we investigated an optimization of different parameters for processing of dried Annona reticulata slices. We penetrated on the investigation of maturity of Annona reticulata fruit, soaking time with Citric acid, blanching time and temperature, sugar concentration and time o soaking, drying temperature to the dried Annona reticulata slice quality. We also monitored product shelf-life during preservation. Our result showed that 2 mm in depth of Annona reticulata slice, deep soaking in Citric acid 0.2% in 30 minutes; blanching at 95oC in 30 seconds; drying at 40 oC to get 7.5% moisture content in the dried Annona reticulata slice.
    [Show full text]
  • PARTV the VEGETATION MAP of CUBA Paklv the Vegetation Map of Cuba 22 the Main Vegetation Types of Cuba
    PARTV THE VEGETATION MAP OF CUBA PAKlV The vegetation map of Cuba 22 The main vegetation types of Cuba . 389 22.1 Rainforests . 389 22.1.1 Submontane rainforests (Calophyllo- Carapetum guianensis) . 389 22.1.2 Wetmontanerainforests (Ocoteo-Magnolietalia) ..................... 392 22.1.3 Semi-arid montane serpentine rainforests (Podocarpo-Sloanetalia) .. , 396 • 22.1.4 Cloudforests or mossy forests (Weinmannio-Cyrilletalia) . 398 22.1.5 Semi-arid montane serpentine shrubwoods (Clusio-llicetalia) 400 22.1.6 Elfin thickets (Jlici-Myricion cacuminis) ............................... 402 22.2 Seasonal evergreen forests or seasonal rainforests . 404 22.2.1 Lowland seasonal rainforests . 404 22.2.2 Submontane seasonalrainforests (Oxandro-Dipholietum) ............ 405 22.3 Semi-deciduous forests . 410 ~ 22.3.1 Semi-deciduous mesophytic forests (Oxandro-Burseretalia) . 410 22.3.2 Semi-deciduous xerophytic forests . .. .. 415 22.4 Tropical karstic forests . 416 22.4.1 Species rich karstic forests of western Cuba (Spathelio-Gaussion) 417 ,..~ 22.4.2 Species poor karstic forests of western Cuba (Thrinacion morrisii) . 418 22.4.3 Karstic forests of eastern Cuba (Tabebuio-Coccothrinacion) 418 22.4.4 Montane karstic forests (Tabebuio-Garryetum) .......... : . 419 22.5 Dry forests and shrubwoods . .. 419 22.5.1 Dry evergreen forests (Eugenio-Metopietalia toxiferi) ................. 420 22.5.2 Dry, thorny limestone shrubwoods ( Lantano-Cordietalia) . 423 22.5.3 Dry lowland serpentine shrubwoods (Phyllantho-Neobracetalia) ....... ·425 22.5.4 Semi-dry lowland serpentine shrublands (Ariadno-Phyllanthetalia) ..... 426 22.6 Semi-desert cactus scrubs (Consoleo-Ritterocereion hystricis) ................... 427 22. 7 Coniferous forests . 431 22. 7 .1 Pinus tropicalis forests on sand (Acoelorrapho- Pinion tropicalis) 431 22.7.2 Pinus caribaea and mixed oak-pine forests on slatey rocks (Pachyantho- Pinion caribaeae) ..............................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Calibration of Magnoliidae, an Ancient Lineage of Angiosperms
    Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Fossil calibration of Magnoliidae, an ancient lineage of angiosperms Julien Massoni, James Doyle, and Hervé Sauquet ABSTRACT In order to investigate the diversification of angiosperms, an accurate temporal framework is needed. Molecular dating methods thoroughly calibrated with the fossil record can provide estimates of this evolutionary time scale. Because of their position in the phylogenetic tree of angiosperms, Magnoliidae (10,000 species) are of primary importance for the investigation of the evolutionary history of flowering plants. The rich fossil record of the group, beginning in the Cretaceous, has a global distribution. Among the hundred extinct species of Magnoliidae described, several have been included in phylogenetic analyses alongside extant species, providing reliable calibra- tion points for molecular dating studies. Until now, few fossils have been used as cali- bration points of Magnoliidae, and detailed justifications of their phylogenetic position and absolute age have been lacking. Here, we review the position and ages for 10 fos- sils of Magnoliidae, selected because of their previous inclusion in phylogenetic analy- ses of extant and fossil taxa. This study allows us to propose an updated calibration scheme for dating the evolutionary history of Magnoliidae. Julien Massoni. Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, 91405 Orsay, France. [email protected] James Doyle. Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. [email protected] Hervé Sauquet. Laboratoire Ecologie, Systématique, Evolution, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS UMR 8079, 91405 Orsay, France. [email protected] Keywords: fossil calibration; Canellales; Laurales; Magnoliales; Magnoliidae; Piperales PE Article Number: 18.1.2FC Copyright: Palaeontological Association February 2015 Submission: 10 October 2013.
    [Show full text]