ARCTIC VOL. 45, NO. 4 (DECEMBER 1992) P. 410

PAAVO KALLIO (1914-1992)

ProfessorPaavo (McGill, Laval, and Manitoba) and Alaska (Fairbanks). The Kallio died on 11 Kevo Station has served as a base for field and laboratory June 1992 in Turku, studies also for many researchers from Germany, the United . He was a Kingdom, Poland, the countries of the former U.S.S.R. and of botanist, .a scholar Scandinavia, and of course for students and scientists from onsubarctic and other Finnish universities. arctic nature, and an Professor Kallio also founded three forest-line arboreta at enthusiasticsup- Kevo, where tree-line trees fromdifferent parts of the Holarctic porter of interna- region have been planted. The arboreta already offer an excel- tional research in lent research facility, whose value will only increase with northern areas. time. Kallio was the initiator of the Northern Treeline con- Paavo Kallio was gresses held at Kevo and Abisko, Sweden, in 1977 (Holarctic born in Turku on 13 Ecology 2, 1979) and at Kuujjuaraapik (Poste-de-la-Baleine), April1914. He Quebec, in 1981 (Collection Nordicana 47, 1983). He also enteredthe Uni- participated in the MABmorthern Science Network program. versity of Turku in Under his guidance the Kevo Subarctic Research Institute 1935,but World became one of the most recognized northem research centres. War II interrupted Kallio’s aim was to make Kevo (and the biogeographical his studies and he province Inari , 23 O00 km2 in area) into a “known served as an officer, point,” a well-studied reference site for subarctic Fenno- mainly in the north- scandia. Results of these faunistic, floristic, and geographical ern fronts in Lapland and in Karelia. Even during wartime, research projects have been published in the series Reports however, he continued to make observations on nature, espe- from the Kevo Subarctic Research Station and in Kevo Notes. cially on plants. He graduated in 1944 in botany, zoology, A detailed floristic study of Inari Lapland is under way: five geography, and geology and defended his doctoral thesis on parts (285 p.) have now been published in the Kevo Reports. the morphogenesis of the unicellular Micrasterias algae in Kallio and his co-workers have also worked on the photosyn- 1951. From 1945 onwards he worked at the Department of thesis of mosses, nitrogen fixation of lichens, taxonomy of the Botany at the University of Turku, first as an assistant, later as northern Betula species, Fennoscandian monitoring program associate professor (1957-63), and finally as professor of of the northern tree line, damage and recovery of subarctic botany until his retirement (1963-77). birch forests attacked by the geometrid moth Epirrita autum- Professor Kallio was both a plant physiologist and an ecol- nata, and the ecology and use of cloudberry (Rubus chamae- ogist. He also worked actively in floristics, mycology, and morus), crowberry (Empetrum hermaphroditum), and angelica nature protection. He had a keen total interest in nature, espe- (Angelica archangelica) in northern Finland. He also sup- cially in northern areas. This interest in the North had been ported research on the two most important animals in the aroused while collecting data in western Lapland for his M.Sc. native Sami people’s daily life, reindeer and salmon. Kallio thesis in geography. In the mid-1950s he organized field was activist in the founding of the Sami Museumin Inari excursions for students to Lapland, and as a result of these and acted as an expert in the planning of the Arctic Center in trips a site for a field station was chosen in the northernmost . In addition to his scientific papers, he published part of Finnish Lapland at Kevo in Utsjoki (69’45’N). Even numerous popular articles and books on nature and biological after retiring from his professorship, Paavo Kallio, the founder research in the northernHolarctic region. and the long-term head (1956-76) of the Kevo Subarctic Paavo Kallio was awaided many honours, such as honorary Research Institute of the University of Turku, continued to doctorates, the Finnish GovernmentPrize for science popular- serve as chairman of the board at Kevo (1977-84). ization, and the Europe Prize of the Johann Wolfgang von Kallio supported and “attracted” many kinds of research at Goethe Stiftung (Europa-Preis fiir Landespflege, 1987). the Kevo Station, especially in natural sciences, but also in All his friends, colleagues, and students will remember him other areas. Intensive international cooperation at Kevo was as an active and unprejudiced ‘scientist, an inspiring and sup- launched during the IBP (International Biological Pro- porting teacher, anda warm and kind person. He will be greatly gramme), including contacts - unusual at that time - with missed by all who knew him. The ashes of Professor Paavo Russian scientists (e.g., Academician B.A. Tikhomirov). Kallio were buried at the Kevo Subarctic Research Station in Kallio visited Yakutia in 1968 and the Chukchi region in Lapland. 1977. He made two research trips to Svalbard and several to North America, especially to the Quebec-Labrador peninsula. Seppo Koponen His role in initiating the Kevo Station’s active cooperation and Heli Hurme both with research stations in northern Scandinavia and with University of Turku many North American institutions was central, particularly SF-20500 Turku with visitors between Kevo and universities in both Canada- Finland